Publications

contactin-associated protein (caspr) 2 interacts with carboxypeptidase e in the cns.	to identify proteins interacting with the intracellular domain of the neural cell adhesion molecule contactin-associated protein 2 (caspr2), yeast two-hybrid screening was performed. we identified carboxypeptidase e (cpe) as a caspr2-interacting candidate protein. glutathione s-transferase pull-down and immunoprecipitation analyses indicated that caspr2 was associated with cpe in vitro and in vivo. both caspr2 and cpe were expressed predominantly in the cns. immunohistochemical analyses revealed ...	2009	19166515
hypotonic shocks activate rat trpv4 in yeast in the absence of polyunsaturated fatty acids.	transient-receptor-potential channels (trps) underlie the sensing of chemicals, heat, and mechanical force. we expressed the rat trpv1 and trpv4 subtypes in yeast and monitored their activities in vivo as ca(2+) rise using transgenic aequorin. heat and capsaicin activate trpv1 but not trpv4 in yeast. hypotonic shocks activate trpv4 but not trpv1. osmotic swelling is modeled to activate enzyme(s), producing polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) to open trpv4 in mammalian cells. this model relegates ...	2009	19174160
isolation of mammalian 26s proteasomes and p97/vcp complexes using the ubiquitin-like domain from hhr23b reveals novel proteasome-associated proteins.	recent studies, mainly in yeast, have identified various cofactors that associate with the 26s proteasome and appear to influence its function. to identify these proteins in different cells and physiological states, we developed a method to gently and rapidly isolate 26s proteasomes and associated proteins without the need for genetic modifications of the proteasome. this method is based on the affinity of this complex for the ubiquitin-like (ubl) domain of hhr23b and elution with a competing po ...	2009	19182904
cytosolic lc3 ratio as a quantitative index of macroautophagy.	macroautophagy, an intracellular bulk degradation process and a typical form of autophagy in eukaryotes, is sensitive to physiological regulation, such as the supply and deprivation of nutrients. microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (lc3), a mammalian homologue of yeast atg8, plays a critical role in macroautophagy formation and is considered a suitable marker for this process. in mammalian cells, there is a limitation for biochemical and morphological methods to monitor autophagy with ...	2009	19200884
interaction of mint2 with trka is involved in regulation of nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth.	trka receptor signaling is essential for nerve growth factor (ngf)-induced survival and differentiation of sensory neurons. to identify possible effectors or regulators of trka signaling, yeast two-hybrid screening was performed using the intracellular domain of trka as bait. we identified muc18-1-interacting protein 2 (mint2) as a novel trka-binding protein and found that the phosphotyrosine binding domain of mint2 interacted with trka in a phosphorylation- and ligand-independent fashion. coimm ...	2009	19265194
identification of the variant ala335val of med25 as responsible for cmt2b2: molecular data, functional studies of the sh3 recognition motif and correlation between wild-type med25 and pmp22 rna levels in cmt1a animal models.	charcot-marie-tooth (cmt) disease is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. all mendelian patterns of inheritance have been described. we identified a homozygous p.a335v mutation in the med25 gene in an extended costa rican family with autosomal recessively inherited charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy linked to the cmt2b2 locus in chromosome 19q13.3. med25, also known as arc92 and acid1, is a subunit of the human activator-recruited cofactor (arc), a family of large transcriptional coa ...	2009	19290556
interaction of a multi-domain adaptor protein, vinexin, with a rho-effector, rhotekin.	among various effector proteins for the rho small gtpase, the function(s) of rhotekin is almost unknown. we have identified a multi-domain adaptor protein, vinexin, as a binding partner for rhotekin, using yeast two-hybrid screening of a human heart library. rhotekin was found to associate with vinexin in vitro, in cos7 cells, and in brain tissues. the c-terminal pro-rich motif of rhotekin exhibited binding to the third sh3 domain of vinexin. the binding was little affected by rho but was inhibi ...	2009	19294487
chemically assisted microbial production of succinic acid by the yeast yarrowia lipolytica grown on ethanol.	a new two-step process of production of succinic acid (sa) has been developed, which includes the microbial synthesis of alpha-ketoglutaric acid by the yeast yarrowia lipolytica (step 1) and subsequent oxidation of the acid by hydrogen peroxide to sa (step 2). the maximum concentration of sa and its yield were found to be 63.4 g l(-1) and 58% of the ethanol consumed, respectively. the purity of the sa isolated from the culture liquid filtrate reached 100%. the yield of sa was as high as 82% of i ...	2009	19300993
selective vulnerability in alzheimer's disease: amyloid precursor protein and p75(ntr) interaction.	selective neuronal vulnerability in neurodegenerative diseases is poorly understood. in alzheimer's disease, the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are selectively vulnerable, putatively because of their expression of the cell death mediator p75(ntr) (the common neurotrophin receptor), and its interaction with proapoptotic ligands pro-nerve growth factor and amyloid-beta peptide. however, the relation between amyloid precursor protein (app) and p75(ntr) has not been described previously.	2009	19334058
transforming growth factor beta1 signaling via interaction with cell surface hyal-2 and recruitment of wwox/wox1.	transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta) initiates multiple signal pathways and activates many downstream kinases. here, we determined that tgf-beta1 bound cell surface hyaluronidase hyal-2 on microvilli in type ii tgf-beta receptor-deficient hct116 cells, as determined by immunoelectron microscopy. this binding resulted in recruitment of proapoptotic wox1 (also named wwox or for) and formation of hyal-2.wox1 complexes for relocation to the nuclei. tgf-beta1 strengthened the binding of the cat ...	2009	19366691
dax-1 and sox6 molecular interplay results in an antagonistic effect in pre-mrna splicing.	dax-1 (dss-ahc critical region on the x chromosome-1) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that has an important role in steroidogenesis and gonadogenesis. to investigate the role of dax-1 in the testis, a yeast two-hybrid screen was performed and sox6, member of the sry box (sox) protein family, was cloned as candidate. the interaction was confirmed biochemically and expression of sox6 overlapped with that of dax-1 in the developing gonad, as well as in sertoli cells of the a ...	2009	19384854
effect of lianshu preparation on lipopolysaccharide-induced diarrhea in rats.	to investigate the effect of lianshu preparation on lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced diarrhea in rats.	2009	19399935
antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of solanum nigrum aqueous extract in animal models.	the present study was carried out to evaluate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of the aqueous extract of solanum nigrum leaves using various animal models. the extract, at concentrations of 10, 50 and 100%, was prepared by soaking (1:20; w/v) air-dried powdered leaves (20 g) in distilled water (dh2o) for 72 h. the extract solutions were administered subcutaneously in mice/rats 30 min prior to the tests. the extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) antinociceptive ac ...	2009	19455262
regenerative medicine bioprocessing: concentration and behavior of adherent cell suspensions and pastes.	regenerative medicines based on human cells demand their harvesting, culture, and processing. manufacturing processes are likely to include cell concentration and subsequent controlled dosing of concentrates, for example, to the patient or tissue construct. the integrity and functionality of the cells must be maintained during these processing stages. in this study the performance of two different cell concentration protocols (involving centrifugation and resuspension) are compared and considera ...	2009	19459141
preparation and pegylation of exendin-4 peptide secreted from yeast pichia pastoris.	exendin-4, a peptide analogue of glucagon-like peptide (glp-1), has been developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes. herein, the secretive exendin-4 peptide, expressed by methanol induction in pichia pastoris, was purified to near homogeneity by ni-nta agarose chromatography. 103.6 mg of protein was obtained from 1 l of the supernatant and its purity was 96.1%. subsequently, the pegylated exendin-4 was prepared. the bioactivity of exendin-4 was determined by examining the glucose-lowering and in ...	2009	19462477
coarse-grain simulations of the r-snare fusion protein in its membrane environment detect long-lived conformational sub-states.	coarse-grain molecular dynamics are used to look at conformational and dynamic aspects of an r-snare peptide inserted in a lipid bilayer. this approach allows carrying out microsecond-scale simulations which bring to light long-lived conformational sub-states potentially interesting in the context of the membrane fusion mechanism mediated by the snare proteins. we show that these coarse-grain models are in agreement with most experimental data on the snare system, but differ in some details that ...	2009	19479895
immunohistochemical detection of dysbindin at the astroglial endfeet around the capillaries of mouse brain.	dysbindin was first identified by the yeast two hybrid assay as a binding partner of dystrobrevin which is a cytoplasmic member of dystrophin glycoprotein complex. immunolocalization of dystrobrevin in the astrocyte endfeet and endothelial cells in the rat cerebellum was reported. therefore, we were interested in the expression and localization of dystrobrevin binding protein dysbindin in the mouse brain capillary wall and its surrounding astroglial endfeet. we examined whether the dysbindin exp ...	2009	19495999
nos1ap regulates dendrite patterning of hippocampal neurons through a carboxypeptidase e-mediated pathway.	during neuronal development, neurons form elaborate dendritic arbors that receive signals from axons. additional studies are needed to elucidate the factors regulating the establishment of dendritic patterns. our work explored possible roles played by nitric oxide synthase 1 adaptor protein (nos1ap; also known as c-terminal pdz ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase or capon) in dendritic patterning of cultured hippocampal neurons. here we report that the long isoform of nos1ap (nos1ap-l) play ...	2009	19553464
alpha a-crystallin and alpha b-crystallin, newly identified interaction proteins of protease-activated receptor-2, rescue astrocytes from c2-ceramide- and staurosporine-induced cell death.	protease-activated receptor-2 (par-2) is a g protein-coupled receptor activated by trypsin and other trypsin-like serine proteases. the widely expressed par-2 is involved in inflammation response but the physiological/pathological roles of par-2 in the nervous system are still uncertain. in the present study, we report novel par-2 interaction proteins, alphaa-crystallin and alphab-crystallin. these 20 kda proteins have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like alexander's disease, creut ...	2009	19558454
functional analyses of immediate early gene etr101 expressed in yeast.	etr101, a human homolog of rat pip92, is a cellular immediate early gene induced by extracellular stimuli such as serum growth factors. etr101 encodes a short-lived, proline-rich protein (etr101) exhibiting no significant sequence similarity to any other known protein, and little is known about its function. we investigated the functioning of etr101 as a transcriptional activator for the gene isyna1, which encodes human inositol 1-phosphate synthase. we constructed a yeast strain in which the ch ...	2009	19584537
reverse engineering module networks by pso-rnn hybrid modeling.	inferring a gene regulatory network (grn) from high throughput biological data is often an under-determined problem and is a challenging task due to the following reasons: (1) thousands of genes are involved in one living cell; (2) complex dynamic and nonlinear relationships exist among genes; (3) a substantial amount of noise is involved in the data, and (4) the typical small sample size is very small compared to the number of genes. we hypothesize we can enhance our understanding of gene inter ...	2009	19594874
role for chitin and chitooligomers in the capsular architecture of cryptococcus neoformans.	molecules composed of beta-1,4-linked n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and deacetylated glucosamine units play key roles as surface constituents of the human pathogenic fungus cryptococcus neoformans. glcnac is the monomeric unit of chitin and chitooligomers, which participate in the connection of capsular polysaccharides to the cryptococcal cell wall. in the present study, we evaluated the role of glcnac-containing structures in the assembly of the cryptococcal capsule. the in vivo expression of ch ...	2009	19617395
slitrk1 binds 14-3-3 and regulates neurite outgrowth in a phosphorylation-dependent manner.	rare genetic variants of slitrk1 have been previously associated with tourette syndrome (ts), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) symptoms.	2009	19640509
molecular and functional characterisation of the heat shock protein 10 of strongyloides ratti.	strongyloides stercoralis and s. ratti are intestinal parasitic nematodes infecting rats and humans, respectively. both present extraordinary life cycles comprising a free-living generation in addition to parasitic stages. in search of molecules possibly involved in parasite-host interaction, we performed mass spectrometry to identify excretory/secretory products of s. ratti. amongst others we detected homologs of the heat shock proteins hsp10 and hsp60 (sr-hsp10 and sr-hsp60). hsps are well kno ...	2009	19643150
the e3 ubiquitin ligase teb4 mediates degradation of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase.	the endoplasmic reticulum resident thyroid hormone-activating type 2 deiodinase (d2) is inactivated by ubiquitination via the hedgehog-inducible wsb-1. ubiquitinated d2 can then be subsequently taken up by the proteasomal system or be reactivated by usp-33/20-mediated deubiquitination. given that heterologously expressed d2 accumulates in saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking the e3 ligase doa10, we tested whether the human doa10 ortholog, teb4, plays a role in d2 ubiquitination and degradation. in a ...	2009	19651899
genotoxicity studies of ubidecarenone (coenzyme q10) manufactured by bacteria fermentation.	ubidecarenone (coenzyme q10) has been widely used as a complementary therapy in heart failure and as a dietary supplement for over two decades. ubidecarenone is manufactured by organic synthesis, yeast (non-saccharomyces cerevisiae) fermentation, or bacteria fermentation. there are many reports on the safety of ubidecarenone. however, genotoxicity of ubidecarenone manufactured by bacteria fermentation has not been reported. we carried out genotoxicity evaluation of ubidecarenone manufactured by ...	2009	19652461
role of potassium channels in stretch-promoted atrial natriuretic factor secretion.	the cardiac polypeptide hormone atrial natriuretic factor (anf) plays important roles in the regulation of blood volume and pressure. few specific details are known about basal or stretch-promoted anf secretion. here, we investigated the involvement of k(+) channels in anf secretion based on investigations of their nature as revealed by oligonucleotide microarray analysis and on protein-protein interactions evidenced by a yeast two-hybrid approach using a heterotrimeric galphao-1 g protein subun ...	2009	20409940
[estimation of organic and inorganic selenium bioavailability in experiments with growing rats].	there was conducted a comparative study of organic and inorganic selenium forms bioavailability and of an influence of said trace elements safety on growth parameters and glutathione peroxidase activity in male wister rats. the results obtained confirmed an advance of organic selenium use (as an enzymatic yeast hydrolysate) on comparison to it's inorganic form (sodium selenite).	2008	19227868
a sparse pls for variable selection when integrating omics data.	recent biotechnology advances allow for multiple types of omics data, such as transcriptomic, proteomic or metabolomic data sets to be integrated. the problem of feature selection has been addressed several times in the context of classification, but needs to be handled in a specific manner when integrating data. in this study, we focus on the integration of two-block data that are measured on the same samples. our goal is to combine integration and simultaneous variable selection of the two dat ...	2008	19049491
research on animal model organisms funded by the european commission's framework programmes.	recognising the crucial role of model organisms in exploring the causes of human disease and in developing safe treatments, the european commission has invested euro180 million in collaborative research projects on model organisms since 2002. further financial support is planned for the future. projects supported by the european commission are playing an important role in structuring the research landscape in europe and creating the knowledge base to understand health and disease. furthermore, t ...	2008	19093026
mink is a rap2 effector for phosphorylation of the postsynaptic scaffold protein tanc1.	rap1 and rap2 are similar ras-like g proteins but perform distinct functions. by the affinity chromatography/mass-spectrometry approach and the yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified misshapen/niks-related kinase (mink) as a novel rap2-interacting protein that does not interact with rap1 or ras. mink is a member of the ste20 group of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases. the interaction between mink and rap2 was gtp-dependent and required phe39 within the effector region of ...	2008	18930710
molecular cloning and responsive expression to injury stimulus of a defender against cell death 1 (dad1) gene from bay scallops argopecten irradians.	apoptosis is an active process of cell death, which is an integral part of growth and development in multicellular organisms. the defender against cell death 1 (dad1), the regulatory protein to inhibit the apoptosis process, was first cloned from the bay scallop argopecten irradians by randomly sequencing a whole tissue cdna library and rapid amplification of cdna end (race). the full-length cdna of the a. irradians dad1 was 607 bp, consist of a 5'-terminal untranslated region (utr) of 63 bp, a ...	2008	17294251
a gain-of-function mutant of munc18-1 stimulates secretory granule recruitment and exocytosis and reveals a direct interaction of munc18-1 with rab3.	munc18-1 plays a crucial role in regulated exocytosis in neurons and neuroendocrine cells through modulation of vesicle docking and membrane fusion. the molecular basis for munc18 function is still unclear, as are the links with rabs and snare [snap (soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein) receptor] proteins that are also required. munc18-1 can bind to snares through at least three modes of interaction, including binding to the closed conformation of syntaxin 1. using a gai ...	2008	17919117
complex i is the major site of mitochondrial superoxide production by paraquat.	paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride) is widely used as a redox cycler to stimulate superoxide production in organisms, cells, and mitochondria. this superoxide production causes extensive mitochondrial oxidative damage, however, there is considerable uncertainty over the mitochondrial sites of paraquat reduction and superoxide formation. here we show that in yeast and mammalian mitochondria, superoxide production by paraquat occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, as inferred from m ...	2008	18039652
nf-kappab-inducing kinase phosphorylates and blocks the degradation of down syndrome candidate region 1.	down syndrome, the most frequent genetic disorder, is characterized by an extra copy of all or part of chromosome 21. down syndrome candidate region 1 (dscr1) gene, which is located on chromosome 21, is highly expressed in the brain of down syndrome patients. although its cellular function remains unknown, dscr1 expression is linked to inflammation, angiogenesis, and cardiac development. to explore the functional role of dscr1 and the regulation of its expression, we searched for novel dscr1-int ...	2008	18056702
macroautophagy-dependent, intralysosomal cleavage of a betaine homocysteine methyltransferase fusion protein requires stable multimerization.	cargo-based assays have proven invaluable in the study of macroautophagy in yeast and mammalian cells. proteomic analysis of autolysosomes identified the metabolic enzyme, betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (bhmt), as a potential cargo-based, end-point marker for mammalian macroautophagy. to test whether degradation of bhmt can be used to measure macroautophagic flux in mammalian cells, we created a bhmt fusion protein (gst-bhmt) that demonstrates starvation-induced, site-specific fragmentat ...	2008	18059170
distribution of ochratoxin a in plasma and tissues of rats fed a naturally contaminated diet amended with micronized wheat fibres: effectiveness of mycotoxin sequestering activity.	the effectiveness of micronized wheat fibres (mwf) alone or in association with yeast cell walls (ycw) as active adsorbents to decrease, in vivo, the levels of ochratoxin a (ota) was checked in a total of 48 rats, equitably distributed into four groups: (1) control; (2) ota naturally contaminated diet (2.2 microg/g); (3) ota naturally contaminated diet (2.2 microg/g) amended with mwf (2%); (4) ota naturally contaminated diet (2 microg/g) amended with mwf (1.8%) in association with ycw (0.2%). a ...	2008	18068288
involvement of s100a6 (calcyclin) and its binding partners in intracellular signaling pathways.		2008	18155169
general transcription factor iia-gamma increases osteoblast-specific osteocalcin gene expression via activating transcription factor 4 and runt-related transcription factor 2.	atf4 (activating transcription factor 4) is an osteoblast-enriched transcription factor that regulates terminal osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. atf4 knock-out mice have reduced bone mass (severe osteoporosis) throughout life. runx2 (runt-related transcription factor 2) is a runt domain-containing transcription factor that is essential for bone formation during embryogenesis and postnatal life. in this study, we identified general transcription factor iia gamma (tfiia gamma) as a r ...	2008	18171674
efficient digestion and mass spectral analysis of vesicular glutamate transporter 1: a recombinant membrane protein expressed in yeast.	attempts to characterize recombinant integral membrane proteins (imps) by mass spectrometry are frequently hindered by several factors including the detergents required for extraction and purification that interferes with analysis, poor solubility, incomplete digestion, and limited identification of the transmembrane domain-spanning peptides. the goal of this study was to examine and develop methods for purification of an imp that are amenable to downstream digestion of the protein and peptide a ...	2008	18179165
increased intestinal delivery of viable saccharomyces boulardii by encapsulation in microspheres.	although probiotics are of a major potential therapeutic interest, their efficacy is usually limited by poor bioavailability of viable microorganisms on site. the aim of this study was to protect the probiotic saccharomyces boulardii from degradation in order to ensure a greater number of viable yeast in the colon.	2008	18188682
the roles of amino acid residues at positions 216 and 219 in the structural stability and metabolic functions of rat cytochrome p450 2d1 and 2d2.	we examined the effects of the mutual substitution of amino acid residues at positions 216 and 219 between rat cyp2d1 and cyp2d2 on their microsomal contents and enzymatic functions using a yeast cell expression system and 5-methoxy-n,n-diisopropyltryptamine (5-meo-dipt) as a substrate. cyp2d1 has amino acid residues, leucine and valine, at positions of 216 and 219, respectively, whereas cyp2d2 has phenylalanine and aspartic acid at the same positions. in reduced carbon monoxide-difference spect ...	2008	18191824
characterization of a yeast d-amino acid oxidase microbiosensor for d-serine detection in the central nervous system.	d-serine is an endogenous ligand for n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors, and alterations in its concentration have been related to several brain disorders, especially schizophrenia. it is therefore an important target neuromodulator for the pharmaceutical industry. to monitor d-serine levels in vivo, we have developed a microbiosensor based on cylindrical platinum microelectrodes, covered with a membrane of poly-m-phenylenediamine (ppd) and a layer of immobilized d-amino acid oxidase from the ...	2008	18229946
analgesic effect of percutaneously absorbed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: an experimental study in a rat acute inflammation model.	external medication that is absorbed percutaneously may be used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain from acute injuries such as ankle sprains and bruises. the plaster method of percutaneous absorption for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) was established in japan in 1988. however, due to the possibility of a placebo effect, the efficacy of this method remains unclear. this experimental study was conducted to control for the placebo effect and to study the efficacy of the plaster ...	2008	18234123
generation of an agonistic binding site for blockers of the m(3) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.	gpcrs (g-protein-coupled receptors) exist in a spontaneous equilibrium between active and inactive conformations that are stabilized by agonists and inverse agonists respectively. because ligand binding of agonists and inverse agonists often occurs in a competitive manner, one can assume an overlap between both binding sites. only a few studies report mutations in gpcrs that convert receptor blockers into agonists by unknown mechanisms. taking advantage of a genetically modified yeast strain, we ...	2008	18237275
functional expression of the voltage-gated neuronal mammalian potassium channel rat ether à go-go1 in yeast.	it has been shown previously that heterologous expression of inwardly rectifying potassium channels (k+-channels) from plants and mammals in k+-transport defective yeast mutants can restore the ability of growth in media with low [k+]. in this study, the functional expression of an outward rectifying mammalian k+-channel in yeast is presented for the first time. the outward-rectifying mammalian neuronal k+-channel rat ether à go-go channel 1 (reag1, kv 10.1) was expressed in yeast (saccharomyces ...	2008	18248412
synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 8-aminomethylated oroxylin a analogues as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.	a series of 8-aminomethylated derivatives (1a-1j) were prepared by mannich reaction of oroxylin a (1) with appropriate primary or secondary amines and para-formaldehyde. all the compounds were tested for their alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity against both yeast and rat intestinal alpha-glucosidase. some of the compounds demonstrated significantly better alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity than the parent compound (oroxylin a).	2008	18255289
interaction with dopamine d2 receptor enhances expression of transient receptor potential channel 1 at the cell surface.	receptor signaling is mediated by direct protein interaction with various types of cytoskeletal, adapter, effector, and additional receptor molecules. in brain tissue and in cultured neurons, activation of dopamine d2 receptors (d2rs) has been found to impact cellular calcium signaling. using a yeast two-hybrid approach, we have uncovered a direct physical interaction between the d2r and the transient receptor potential channel (trpc) subtypes 1, 4 and 5. the trpc/d2r interaction was further val ...	2008	18261457
enigma homolog 1 scaffolds protein kinase d1 to regulate the activity of the cardiac l-type voltage-gated calcium channel.	in cardiomyocytes, protein kinase d1 (pkd1) plays a central role in the response to stress signals. from a yeast two-hybrid assay, we have identified enigma homolog 1 (enh1) as a new binding partner of pkd1. since in neurons, enh1, associated with protein kinase cepsilon, was shown to modulate the activity of n-type calcium channels, and the pore-forming subunit of the cardiac l-type voltage-gated calcium channel, alpha1c, possesses a potential phosphorylation site for pkd1, we studied here a po ...	2008	18296710
safety assessment of 2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6) dimethylpyrazine as a food ingredient.	2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine (cas no. 27043-05-6), a heterocyclic, nitrogen-containing compound, is used in the food industry as a flavor ingredient for its characteristic roasted odor and flavor, reminiscent of roasted cocoa or nuts. pyrazines, including 2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine, are widely distributed in foods and because of their natural unavoidable occurrence in cooked food; therefore, pyrazine compounds, including 2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine, are commonly consumed ...	2008	18304712
anticonvulsant, analgesic and antipyretic activities of taxus wallichiana zucc.	taxus wallichiana zucc. (himalayan yew) is often used in northern areas of pakistan for the treatment of pyrexia, acute pains and epilepsy. we have investigated certain pharmacological activities of the methanol leaf extract against convulsion, nociception and pyrexia induced in rodents. the aim was to justify and explore its folk uses in these pathological conditions, on scientific basis. the studies were carried out using acetic acid-induced nociception and pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsio ...	2008	18308491
alg-2 interacting protein aip1: a novel link between d1 and d3 signalling.	dopamine signalling is a critically important process in the human brain that controls mood, cognition and motor activity. in order to gain detailed insight into this signalling pathway at the molecular level, we carried out yeast two-hybrid screens with d1-like (d1, d5) and d2-like (d2, d3, d4) dopamine receptors and identified 11 dopamine receptor interacting proteins (drips). using the c-terminal domain of d1 receptor as bait, we identified aip1 (alg-2 interacting protein 1), a known modulato ...	2008	18380665
beta-glucans, history, and the present: immunomodulatory aspects and mechanisms of action.	the present paper represents a comprehensive up-to-date review of beta -glucans, their chemical and biological properties, and their role in immunological reactions. beta -d-glucans belong to a group of physiologically active compounds called biological response modifiers and represent highly conserved structural components of cell walls in yeast, fungi, or seaweed. despite almost 150 years of research, the exact mechanisms of their action remain unclear. the present review starts with the histo ...	2008	18382858
cyclin-dependent kinase 5 phosphorylation of human septin sept5 (hcdcrel-1) modulates exocytosis.	cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) is predominantly expressed in the nervous system, where it is involved in neuronal migration, synaptic transmission, and survival. the role of cdk5 in synaptic transmission is mediated by regulating the cellular functions of presynaptic proteins such as synapsin, munc18, and dynamin 1. its multifunctional role at the synapse is complex and probably involves other novel substrates. to explore this possibility, we used a yeast two-hybrid screen of a human cdna libr ...	2008	18385322
anti-serum albumin domain antibodies for extending the half-lives of short lived drugs.	we have used phage display to isolate a range of human domain antibodies (dabs) that bind to mouse, rat and/or human serum albumin (sa) and can be expressed at very high levels in bacterial, yeast or mammalian cell culture. in contrast to non-sa-binding dabs, which have terminal half-lives of less than 45 min, the half-lives of these 12 kda 'albudabs' can match the half-life of sa itself. to demonstrate the use of albudabs for extending the half-lives of therapeutic drugs, we created a fusion of ...	2008	18387938
antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties of an aqueous extract of dicranopteris linearis leaves in experimental animal models.	this study was performed out to establish the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties of an aqueous extract of dicranopteris linearis leaves in experimental animals. the antinociceptive activity was measured using the abdominal constriction, hot plate, and formalin tests. the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities were measured using the carrageenan-induced paw edema and brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia tests, respectively. the extract, obtained after 72 h soaking of t ...	2008	18404320
phylogenetic distribution of large-scale genome patchiness.	the phylogenetic distribution of large-scale genome structure (i.e. mosaic compositional patchiness) has been explored mainly by analytical ultracentrifugation of bulk dna. however, with the availability of large, good-quality chromosome sequences, and the recently developed computational methods to directly analyze patchiness on the genome sequence, an evolutionary comparative analysis can be carried out at the sequence level.	2008	18405379
monitoring protein-protein interactions between the mammalian integral membrane transporters and pdz-interacting partners using a modified split-ubiquitin membrane yeast two-hybrid system.	pdz-binding motifs are found in the c-terminal tails of numerous integral membrane proteins where they mediate specific protein-protein interactions by binding to pdz-containing proteins. conventional yeast two-hybrid screens have been used to probe protein-protein interactions of these soluble c termini. however, to date no in vivo technology has been available to study interactions between the full-length integral membrane proteins and their cognate pdz-interacting partners. we previously deve ...	2008	18407958
profound and paradoxical impact on arthritis and autoimmunity of the rat antigen-presenting lectin-like receptor complex.	the antigen-presenting lectin-like receptor complex (aplec) was recently identified as a genetic determinant for arthritis susceptibility. we undertook this study to define mechanisms underlying the impact of aplec on arthritis, to determine whether sex effects occur, and to determine whether aplec influences different types of arthritis and phenotypes other than susceptibility.	2008	18438855
a yeast genetic screen reveals a critical role for the pore helix domain in trp channel gating.	trp cation channels function as cellular sensors in uni- and multicellular eukaryotes. despite intensive study, the mechanisms of trp channel activation by chemical or physical stimuli remain poorly understood. to identify amino acid residues crucial for trp channel gating, we developed an unbiased, high-throughput genetic screen in yeast that uncovered rare, constitutively active mutants of the capsaicin receptor, trpv1. we show that mutations within the pore helix domain dramatically increase ...	2008	18466747
hubba: hub objects analyzer--a framework of interactome hubs identification for network biology.	one major task in the post-genome era is to reconstruct proteomic and genomic interacting networks using high-throughput experiment data. to identify essential nodes/hubs in these interactomes is a way to decipher the critical keys inside biochemical pathways or complex networks. these essential nodes/hubs may serve as potential drug-targets for developing novel therapy of human diseases, such as cancer or infectious disease caused by emerging pathogens. hub objects analyzer (hubba) is a web-bas ...	2008	18503085
effect of concanavalin a (con-a) on the hormone production of the unicellular tetrahymena and the immune cells of the rat. a comparative study.	tetrahymena populations were treated with 10(-15) g ml(-1) or 10(-6) g ml(-1) concanavalin-a (con-a) in tryptone-yeast medium for 1 h. rat peritoneal immune cells (mast cells, lymphocytes, monocyte-granulocyte group) were also treated with 10(-6) g ml(-1) con-a, for 1 h. the cells' hormone (acth, histamine, serotonin, endorphin, triiodothyronine (t(3))) content was measured by using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. the extremely low dose of con-a universally and significantly elevated the ...	2008	18508386
characterization of a novel cardiac isoform of the cell cycle-related kinase that is regulated during heart failure.	myocardial infarction (mi) is often followed by heart failure (hf), but the mechanisms precipitating the transition to hf remain largely unknown. a genomic profile was performed in a monkey model of mi, from the myocardium adjacent to chronic (2-month) mi followed by 3 weeks of pacing to develop hf. the transcript of the gene encoding the cell cycle-related kinase (ccrk) was down-regulated by 50% in hf heart compared with control (p<0.05), which was confirmed by quantitative pcr. the ccrk sequen ...	2008	18508765
determination of biotin (vitamin h) by the high-performance affinity chromatography with a trypsin-treated avidin-bound column.	a method for measuring biotin by affinity-chromatography was developed using a trypsin-treated avidin silica gel column. elution was by a linear gradient of propan-2-ol in an acidic phosphate buffer system containing 0.7 m nacl (ph 2.4). biotin was derivatized with 9-anthryldiazomethane (adam) to the fluorescent biotin-adam ester and a linear calibration line was obtained from 0 to 1.39 pmol with a detection limit of 69.5 fmol. biotin was measured after hydrolysis in 2.25 m sulphuric acid for 1h ...	2008	18514598
predicting n-terminal acetylation based on feature selection method.	methionine aminopeptidase and n-terminal acetyltransferase are two enzymes that contribute most to the n-terminal acetylation, which has long been recognized as a frequent and important kind of co-translational modifications [r.a. bradshaw, w.w. brickey, k.w. walker, n-terminal processing: the methionine aminopeptidase and n alpha-acetyl transferase families, trends biochem. sci. 23 (1998) 263-267]. the combined action of these two enzymes leads to two types of n-terminal acetylated proteins tha ...	2008	18533108
d-amino acids in the brain: the biochemistry of brain serine racemase.	it has been recently established that in various brain regions d-serine, the product of serine racemase, occupies the so-called 'glycine site' within n-methyl d-aspartate receptors. mammalian brain serine racemase is a pyridoxal-5' phosphate-containing enzyme that catalyzes the racemization of l-serine to d-serine. it has also been shown to catalyze the alpha,beta-elimination of water from l-serine or d-serine to form pyruvate and ammonia. serine racemase is included within the group of type ii- ...	2008	18564178
mammalian mitochondria have the innate ability to import trnas by a mechanism distinct from protein import.	mitochondrial genomes generally encode a minimal set of trnas necessary for protein synthesis. however, a number of eukaryotes import trnas from the cytoplasm into their mitochondria. for instance, saccharomyces cerevisiae imports cytoplasmic trna(gln) into the mitochondrion without any added protein factors. here, we examine the existence of a similar active trna import system in mammalian mitochondria. we have used subcellular rna fractions from rat liver and human cells to perform rt-pcr with ...	2008	18587046
analysis of proteins interacting with trip8b adapter.	calcium-independent receptor of latrotoxin (cirl) is an orphan heptahelical receptor implicated in regulation of exocytosis. to characterize molecular mechanisms of cirl functioning, we searched for its intracellular partners using the yeast two-hybrid sr system with the cytoplasmic c-terminal fragment of cirl as bait. one of the interacting proteins was identified as trip8b, a putative cytosolic adapter protein with multiple tetratricopeptide repeats. to understand functional significance of ci ...	2008	18620529
complementary adhesin function in c. albicans biofilm formation.	biofilms are surface-associated microbial communities with significant environmental and medical impact. here, we focus on an adherence mechanism that permits biofilm formation by candida albicans, the major invasive fungal pathogen of humans.	2008	18635358
functional analysis of kv1.2 and paddle chimera kv channels in planar lipid bilayers.	voltage-dependent k(+) (kv) channels play key roles in shaping electrical signaling in both excitable and nonexcitable cells. these channels open and close in response to the voltage changes across the cell membrane. many studies have been carried out in order to understand the voltage-sensing mechanism. our laboratory recently determined the atomic structures of a mammalian kv channel kv1.2 and a mutant of kv1.2 named the 'paddle chimera' channel, in which the voltage sensor paddle was transfer ...	2008	18638484
terminating transcription in yeast: whether to be a 'nerd' or a 'rat'.		2008	18679429
targeting of the 5-ht1a serotonin receptor to neuronal dendrites is mediated by yif1b.	the 5-ht(1a) receptor (5-ht(1a)r) is the most extensively characterized serotonin (5-ht) receptor mainly because of its involvement in the mode of action of antidepressants. the 5-ht(1a)r is confined to the somatodendritic domain of central neurons, where it mediates serotonin-evoked hyperpolarization. our previous studies underlined the role of the short 5-ht(1a)r c-terminal domain in receptor targeting to dendrites. we used this 17 aa region as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, and identified ...	2008	18685031
a manganese-dependent ribozyme in the 3'-untranslated region of xenopus vg1 mrna.	the smallest catalytic rna identified to date is a manganese-dependent ribozyme that requires only a complex between gaaa and uuu to effect site-specific cleavage. we show here that this ribozyme occurs naturally in the 3'-utr of vg1 and beta-actin mrnas. in accord with earlier studies with model rnas, cleavage occurs only in the presence of manganese or cadmium ions and proceeds optimally near 30 degrees c and physiological ph. the time course of cleavage in vg1 mrna best fits a two-step proces ...	2008	18753150
antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic properties of channa striatus fillet aqueous and lipid-based extracts in rats.	the present study was carried out to elucidate the antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic properties of the aqueous and lipid-based extracts of channa striatus fillet in rats. the antinociceptive activity was assessed using the formalin test, and the antiinflammatory and antipyretic activities were assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema and brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia tests, respectively. both types of extracts were prepared in concentrations of 10%, 50% and 100% by seria ...	2008	18806894
munc18a scaffolds snare assembly to promote membrane fusion.	munc18a is an sm protein required for snare-mediated fusion. the molecular details of how munc18a acts to enhance neurosecretion have remained elusive. here, we use in vitro fusion assays to characterize how specific interactions between munc18a and the neuronal snares enhance the rate and extent of fusion. we show that munc18a interacts directly and functionally with the preassembled t-snare complex. analysis of munc18a point mutations indicates that munc18a interacts with helix c of the syntax ...	2008	18829865
the gtp-binding protein septin 7 is critical for dendrite branching and dendritic-spine morphology.	septins, a highly conserved family of gtp-binding proteins, were originally identified in a genetic screen for s. cerevisiae mutants defective in cytokinesis [1, 2]. in yeast, septins maintain the compartmentalization of the yeast plasma membrane during cell division by forming rings at the cortex of the bud neck, and these rings establish a lateral diffusion barrier. in contrast, very little is known about the functions of septins in mammalian cells [3, 4] including postmitotic neurons [5-7]. h ...	2007	17935997
malaria vaccine-related benefits of a single protein comprising plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 domains i and ii fused to a modified form of the 19-kilodalton c-terminal fragment of merozoite surface protein 1.	we show that the smallest module of plasmodium falciparum ama1 (pfama1) that can be expressed in the yeast pichia pastoris while retaining the capacity to induce high levels of parasite-inhibitory antibodies comprises domains i and ii. based on this, two fusion proteins, differing in the order of the modules, were developed. each comprised one module of pfama1 (fvo strain, amino acids [aa] 97 to 442) (module a) and one module of pfmsp1(19) (wellcome strain, aa 1526 to 1621) (module mm) in which ...	2007	17938224
biosynthesis of vitamin c by yeast leads to increased stress resistance.	in industrial large scale bio-reactions micro-organisms are generally exposed to a variety of environmental stresses, which might be detrimental for growth and productivity. reactive oxygen species (ros) play a key role among the common stress factors--directly--through incomplete reduction of o(2) during respiration, or indirectly--caused by other stressing factors. vitamin c or l-ascorbic acid acts as a scavenger of ros, thereby potentially protecting cells from harmful oxidative products. whi ...	2007	17971855
functional characterization of pneumocystis carinii brl1 by transspecies complementation analysis.	pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungus which causes severe opportunistic infections in immunocompromised humans. the brl1 gene of p. carinii infecting rats was identified and characterized by using bioinformatics in conjunction with functional complementation in saccharomyces cerevisiae and schizosaccharomyces pombe. the ectopic expression of this gene rescues null alleles of essential nuclear membrane proteins of the brr6/brl1 family in both yeasts.	2007	17993570
purifying the hedgehog protein and its variants.	the purification of recombinant versions of the n-terminal signaling fragment of sonic hedgehog (shhn) from e. coli, hi-5 insect cells, yeast, and mammalian cell sources reveals diverse post-translational modifications that affect the potency of the purified protein. modifications to the n-terminal cysteine with fatty acyl groups results in significant increases in potency, up to 100-fold, when compared with the unmodified protein. proteolytic clipping at sites near the n-terminus results in ina ...	2007	18025709
different responses of macrophages in retinal ganglion cell survival after acute ocular hypertension in rats with different autoimmune backgrounds.	recently macrophages were shown to play a protective role in retinal ganglion cells (rgcs) after optic nerve (on) injury. in the present study, we investigated how macrophages responded after acute intraocular pressure (iop) elevation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae)-resistant fischer 344 (f344) and sprague dawley (sd) rats and eae-vulnerable lewis rats. acute iop elevation was performed at 110mmhg for 2h to mimic acute glaucoma. phagocytic cells in the eye were removed by intr ...	2007	17825287
involvement of rela-associated inhibitor in regulation of trophoblast differentiation via interaction with transcriptional factor specificity protein-1.	glucose transporter-1 (glut1), one of the key functional indicators of placental differentiation, has an important role in placental glucose transport. we previously showed that the protein levels of glut1 and nuclear transcription factor specificity protein-1 (sp1) in rat choriocarcinoma cells (rcho-1 cells) decreased during the differentiation of these cells to giant cells. we also showed that sp1 was involved in the regulation of glut1 gene expression during this process. rela-associated inhi ...	2007	17872376
comparative bioavailability of mineral-enriched gluconates and yeast in rat liver after depletion-repletion feeding.	there are many forms of mineral supplements currently available. among these mineral-enriched gluconates and yeast are considered two of the more biologically available supplements. the purpose of this study was to use zinc (zn)- or copper (cu)-deficient rats to determine whether the organically bound mineral in yeast or the salt gluconate form was more bioavailable, i.e., is absorbed and found in a greater concentration in liver. it was demonstrated that zn-enriched yeast was 3.7 times more bio ...	2007	17873352
an analysis of results from 305 compounds tested with the yeast rad54-gfp genotoxicity assay (greenscreen gc)-including relative predictivity of regulatory tests and rodent carcinogenesis and performance with autofluorescent and coloured compounds.	data from 305 non-proprietary compounds tested using the yeast rad54-gfp (green fluorescent protein) assay, greenscreen gc, are presented, together with a detailed comparison with results from in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity tests and rodent carcinogenesis. in addition, observations on reproducibility and the performance of the test with autofluorescent and coloured compounds are described. like the ames test, the greenscreen assay is shown to exhibit high specificity (82%), meaning that compo ...	2007	17906314
lot6p from saccharomyces cerevisiae is a fmn-dependent reductase with a potential role in quinone detoxification.	nad(p)h:quinone acceptor oxidoreductases are flavoenzymes expressed in the cytoplasm of many tissues and afford protection against the cytotoxic effects of electrophilic quinones by catalyzing a strict two-electron reduction. such enzymes have been reported from several mammalian sources, e.g. human, mouse and rat, and from plant species. here, we report identification of lot6p (ylr011wp), the first soluble quinone reductase from the unicellular model organism saccharomyces cerevisiae. localizat ...	2007	17298444
evaluation of the protective effects of quercetin in the hepatopulmonary syndrome.	the hepatopulmonary syndrome (hps) occurs when intrapulmonary dilatation causes hypoxemia in cirrhosis. the free radicals may play a significant contributory role in the progression of hps, and flavonoid agents could protect against deleterious effects of free radicals. the flavonoid quercetin was evaluated in an experimental model of biliary cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation (bdl) in rats. quercetin was administered at 50mg/kg for 14 days to cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic rats. bone marrow w ...	2007	17306429
intracellular catalysis of disulfide bond formation by the human sulfhydryl oxidase, qsox1.	the discovery that the flavoprotein oxidase, erv2p, provides oxidizing potential for disulfide bond formation in yeast, has led to investigations into the roles of the mammalian homologues of this protein. mammalian homologues of erv2p include qsox (sulfhydryl oxidases) from human lung fibroblasts, guinea-pig endometrial cells and rat seminal vesicles. in the present study we show that, when expressed in mammalian cells, the longer version of human qsox1 protein (hqsox1a) is a transmembrane prot ...	2007	17331072
mammalian model hosts of cryptococcal infection.	the rising incidence of serious fungal diseases represents a growing threat to human health. cryptococcus neoformans, an encapsulated yeast saprophyte with global distribution, has been recognized as an important emerging pathogen. humans frequently develop asymptomatic or mild infection with c. neoformans, but individuals with impaired host defense systems may develop severe pneumonia and potentially fatal meningoencephalitis. insight into the biology and virulence of c. neoformans is advancing ...	2007	17348287
oral and systemic administration of beta-glucan protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced shock and organ injury in rats.	beta-glucans are glucose polymers with a variety of stimulatory effects on the immune system. the objective of this study was to determine the effect of prophylactic oral administration of soluble saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived beta-1,3/1,6-glucan (sbg) on the outcome of experimental endotoxaemia and shock-associated organ injury. male wistar rats were pretreated with sbg orally (sbgpo, 20 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, subcutaneously (sbgsc, 2 mg/kg/day) for 3 days, or vehicle (placebo). rats were a ...	2007	17349015
a novel variant of the putative demethylase gene, s-jmjd1c, is a coactivator of the ar.	evidence is accumulating in support of the view that tissue-specific effects of steroid hormones depend on the recruitment of nuclear receptor comodulator proteins. the latter interact directly with the hormone receptors and modify their transcriptional effects on specific target genes. the mechanisms of comodulator influence on nuclear receptor-controlled gene transcription is only partially understood. here, we describe the discovery of a new ar coactivator which belongs to the jmjc containing ...	2007	17353003
ubiquitous expression of acetylcholine and its biological functions in life forms without nervous systems.	using a radioimmunoassay (ria) with high specificity and sensitivity (1 pg/tube) for acetylcholine (ach), we have been able to measure the ach content in samples from the bacteria, archaea and eucarya domains of the universal phylogenetic tree. we found detectable levels of ach to be ubiquitous in bacteria (e.g., bacillus subtilis), archaea (e.g., thermococcus kodakaraensis kod1), fungi (e.g., shiitake mushroom and yeast), plants (e.g., bamboo shoot and fern) and animals (e.g., bloodworm and lug ...	2007	17363003
6-fluoro-6-deoxy-d-glucose as a tracer of glucose transport.	glucose transport rates are estimated noninvasively in physiological and pathological states by kinetic imaging using pet. the glucose analog most often used is (18)f-labeled 2fdg. compared with glucose, 2fdg is poorly transported by intestine and kidney. we examined the possible use of 6fdg as a tracer of glucose transport. lacking a hydroxyl at its 6th position, 6fdg cannot be phosphorylated as 2fdg is. prior studies have shown that 6fdg competes with glucose for transport in yeast and is acti ...	2007	17405828
catalytic characterization and cytokine mediated regulation of cytochrome p450 4fs in rat hepatocytes.	cytochrome p450 (cyp) 4f mediated leukotriene b(4) (ltb(4)) metabolism modulates inflammation during injury and infection. here we show that in addition to ltb(4), the recombinant rat cyp4fs catalyze omega-hydroxylations of lipoxin a(4), and hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acids. cyp4f gene regulation studies in primary hepatocytes reveal that pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (il) -1beta, il-6 and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) -alpha produce a general inductive response whereas il-10, an anti-inflam ...	2007	17418803
rack1 is a bkca channel binding protein.	the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, or bk(ca) channel, plays an important feedback role in a variety of physiological processes, including neurotransmitter release and smooth muscle contraction. some reports have suggested that this channel forms a stable complex with regulators of its function, including several kinases and phosphatases. to further define such signaling complexes, we used the yeast two-hybrid system to screen a human aorta cdna library for proteins that b ...	2007	17166942
proteasome substrate degradation requires association plus extended peptide.	to determine the minimum requirements for substrate recognition and processing by proteasomes, the functional elements of a ubiquitin-independent degradation tag were dissected. the 37-residue c-terminus of ornithine decarboxylase (codc) is a native degron, which also functions when appended to diverse proteins. mutating the cysteine 441 residue within codc impaired its proteasome association in the context of ornithine decarboxylase and prevented the turnover of gfp-codc in yeast cells. degrada ...	2007	17170706
the novel cellular mechanism of human 5-ht6 receptor through an interaction with fyn.	the human 5-ht(6) receptor (5-ht(6)r) is one of the latest cloned receptors among the known 5-ht receptors. its abundant distribution in the limbic region, which participates in the control of mood and emotion and is involved in nervous system diseases such as depression and alzheimer disease, has caused it to generate much interest. however, the cellular mechanisms of 5-ht(6)r are poorly understood. in the present study we found, using a yeast two-hybrid assay, that the carboxyl-terminal region ...	2007	17189269
[regulation of g protein-coupled receptor function by its binding proteins].	g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) are seven transmembrane receptors with an n-terminus in the extracellular region and c-terminus in the intracellular region. when an agonist binds to a gpcr, a signal is transduced into a cell through the activation of trimeric g proteins. recently, it has been shown that the activities of gpcrs are regulated by multiple mechanisms. one of the mechanisms is regulation through the binding proteins to the carboxy (c)-terminus of gpcrs. in the present study, the ...	2007	17202780
mining a yeast library for brain endothelial cell-binding antibodies.	we describe the use of yeast surface display for the identification of antibodies that bind the plasma membranes of living cells. yeast panning with a nonimmune human single-chain antibody library identified 34 unique lead antibodies that bind (k(d) = 82 +/- 15 nm) and in some cases internalize into rat brain endothelial cells. in addition, we used a new yeast display immunoprecipitation procedure for initial characterization of the cognate antigens.	2007	17206151
factors involved in binding of lactobacillus plantarum lp6 to rat small intestinal mucus.	to investigate the adhesion determinants of lactobacillus plantarum lp6, a dairy isolate.	2007	17209819
application of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry for determination of dietary folates: effects of buffer nature and mobile phase composition on sensitivity and selectivity.	a sensitive and reliable liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (lc-ms) method to determine dietary folates was developed and validated. folates were detected and quantified using positive electrospray ionisation (esi) with selective ion monitoring of protonated ions [m+h]+. the effects of buffer nature and mobile phase composition on separation, peak shape and intensity of ms signal were investigated. the acidic-basic properties of folates were successfully used to predict possible ionisation ...	2007	17210159