Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| prevalence of antibody to toxoplasma gondii in terrestrial wildlife in a natural area. | we conducted a cross-sectional study from 2008 to 2009 to evaluate the occurrence of feral and wild cats and the risk of toxoplasma gondii infection in terrestrial wildlife in a natural area in illinois, usa. felids are definitive hosts for t. gondii and cats are a key component of rural and urban transmission of t. gondii. we selected four forest sites within the interior of the park and four edge sites within 300 m of human buildings. feline and wildlife occurrence in the natural area was dete ... | 2011 | 21441191 |
| occurrence and risk factors associated with infection by toxoplasma gondii in goats in the state of alagoas, brazil. | goats are considered very susceptible to infection by toxoplasma gondii and when this occurs during pregnancy, it may cause fetal death with subsequent fetal resorption, abortion, mummification, stillborn or the birth of weak goats. the objective of this work was to determine the occurrence of and identify risk factors for t. gondii infection in goats in different mesoregions in the state of alagoas. | 2011 | 21503550 |
| serological response of cats to experimental besnoitia darlingi and besnoitia neotomofelis infections and prevalence of antibodies to these parasites in cats from virginia and pennsylvania. | abstract besnoitia darlingi and besnoitia neotomofelis are cyst-forming tissue apicomplexan parasites that use domestic cats ( felis domesticus ) as definitive hosts and opossums ( didelphis virginiana ) and southern plains woodrats ( neotoma micropus ) as intermediate hosts, respectively. nothing is known about the prevalence of b. darlingi or b. neotomofelis in cats from the united states. besnoitia darlingi infections have been reported in naturally infected opossums from many states in the u ... | 2011 | 21506782 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasma gondii infection on pig farms in central china. | abstract toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that causes severe diseases in mammals, including humans, around the world. in china, pork is the main meat source; accordingly, t. gondii in pigs is considered an important source for human toxoplasmosis. understanding the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in pig farms is thus important for control of the disease in humans. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the epizootiology of t. gondii infections in pig farms in central china by ... | 2011 | 21506784 |
| isolation of viable toxoplasma gondii from feral guinea fowl (numida meleagris) and domestic rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) from brazil. | abstract toxoplasma gondii was isolated from a feral guinea fowl (numida meleagris) and domestic rabbits (oryctologus cuniculus) from brazil for the first time. serum and brains from 10 guinea fowl and 21 rabbits from brazil were examined for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 2 of 10 fowl and 2 of 21 rabbits by the modified agglutination test (titer 1:25 or higher). viable t. gondii (designated tgnmbr1) was isolated from 1 of the 2 seropositive fowl by bioassay in mice, ... | 2011 | 21506805 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in horses in riyadh province , saudi arabia. | abstract the aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in horses for sporting purposes in the province of riyadh, saudi arabia. in total, 266 serum samples from clinically healthy horses were analyzed for anti-t. gondii antibodies using the sabin-feldman dye test. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 84 (31.6%) horses, with specific titers of 1:16 (78 with a prevalence of 29.3%), 1:64 (4 with a prevalence of 1.5%), and 1:256 (2 with a prevalence of 0.8%). ... | 2011 | 21506811 |
| identification of a sporozoite-specific antigen from toxoplasma gondii. | abstract reduction of risk for human and food animal infection with toxoplasma gondii is hampered by the lack of epidemiological data documenting the predominant routes of infection (oocyst vs. tissue cyst consumption) in horizontally transmitted toxoplasmosis. existing serological assays can determine previous exposure to the parasite, but not the route of infection. we have used difference gel electrophoresis, in combination with tandem mass spectroscopy and western blot, to identify a sporozo ... | 2011 | 21506817 |
| detection and differentiation of coccidian oocysts by real-time pcr and melting curve analysis. | abstract rapid and reliable detection and identification of coccidian oocysts are essential for animal health and food-borne disease outbreak investigations. traditional microscopy and morphological techniques can identify large and unique oocysts, but are often subjective and require parasitological expertise. the objective of this study was to develop a real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay with melting curve analysis (mca) to detect, differentiate, and identify dna from coccidian species of ... | 2011 | 21506835 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and concurrent bartonella spp., feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, and dirofilaria immitis infections in egyptian cats. | abstract toxoplasma gondii and bartonella spp. are zoonotic pathogens of cats. feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) are related to human immunodeficiency virus and human leukemia virus, respectively, and these viruses are immunosuppressive. in the present study, the prevalence of antibodies to t. gondii , bartonella spp., fiv, as well as felv and dirofilaria immitis antigens was determined in sera from feral cats ( felis catus ) from cairo, egypt. using a modified ... | 2011 | 21506874 |
| first description of naturally acquired tritrichomonas foetus infection in a persian cattery in spain. | tritrichomonas foetus has been identified as the causative agent of feline intestinal trichomonosis, characterized by clinical signs of chronic large bowel diarrhoea. this disease has been reported in cats from the usa, europe and australia. however, its epidemiology is still unclear. the aim of the present study was to describe t. foetus infection in a persian cattery in spain. t. foetus infection was sequentially diagnosed in 20 cats by direct faecal smear examined under the microscope, specif ... | 2011 | 21509446 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in feral raccoons (procyon lotor) in japan. | abstract antibodies to toxoplasma gondii were found in 92 (9.9%) of 929 feral raccoons (procyon lotor) in japan using the latex agglutination test (lat, 1: 64 or higher). seropositivity varied by geographic location, season, weight, but by the sex of raccoons trapped. seroprevalences in the northern, central, and western areas of japan were found to be 7.9% (39/492), 16.5% (47/285), and 3.9% (6/152), respectively. the seroprevalence by season varied from 8.5% (13/153) in spring to 18.9% (14/74) ... | 2011 | 21510744 |
| besnoitiosis in a southern plains woodrat (neotoma micropus) from uvalde, texas. | abstract recently, besnoitia neotomofelis was described from a southern plains woodrat (neotoma micropus) from southern texas. during may 2010, 1 of 55 southern plains woodrats trapped in uvalde county, texas was diagnosed with besnoitiosis. grossly, the woodrat had bilateral swellings of the cheeks and numerous besnoitia sp.-like cysts were observed in the tongue, facial region, musculature of the limbs, and subcutis of the dorsum and flanks. little to no inflammation was noted around cysts. th ... | 2011 | 21524194 |
| prevalence of specific igg-antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in domestic turkeys determined by kinetic elisa based on recombinant gra7 and gra8. | the protozoan parasite toxoplasma (t.) gondii is one of the most common zoonotic infectious agents worldwide. besides its sexual reproduction in cats, t. gondii can also infect a wide spectrum of other warm-blooded animals. these include animals used for human consumption such as pigs or chickens. nevertheless, the role of turkeys for the epidemiology of t. gondii infections has not been studied thoroughly. we have established a kinetic elisa (kela) for the detection of t. gondii-specific igg an ... | 2011 | 21524853 |
| sporulation and survival of toxoplasma gondii oocysts in different types of commercial cat litters. | abstract toxoplasma gondii oocysts are environmentally resistant and can survive outdoors for months in dry and cold climates. in the present study, sporulation and survival of t. gondii oocysts was studied in different types of cat litters commercially available in the u.s. oocysts sporulated within 2-3 days in all types of bedding and occasionally remained viable for 14 days. results indicate that cat litter should be changed daily to prevent sporulation and infectivity to people. | 2011 | 21539466 |
| prevalence of bartonella species, haemoplasmas and toxoplasma gondii in cats in scotland. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence rates for select infectious agents of cats presented to the royal (dick) school of veterinary studies at the university of edinburgh, scotland. whole blood, serum, and oral mucosal and nail bed swabs were collected. while ehrlichia species, anaplasma species or rickettsia felis dna were not amplified from any cat, 44.2% of the cats had evidence of infection or exposure to either a bartonella species (15.3% were seropositive and 5.8% pol ... | 2011 | 21570883 |
| virulence differences in toxoplasma mediated by amplification of a family of polymorphic pseudokinases. | the population structure of toxoplasma gondii includes three highly prevalent clonal lineages referred to as types i, ii, and iii, which differ greatly in virulence in the mouse model. previous studies have implicated a family of serine/threonine protein kinases found in rhoptries (rops) as important in mediating virulence differences between strain types. here, we explored the genetic basis of differences in virulence between the highly virulent type i lineage and moderately virulent type ii ba ... | 2011 | 21586633 |
| isolation and genotyping of toxoplasma gondii causing fatal systemic toxoplasmosis in an immunocompetent 10-year-old cat. | a 10-year-old male, neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with fever, anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea. serologic testing for feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus were negative. fine-needle aspirates of mesenteric lymph nodes revealed the presence of banana-shaped apicomplexan parasites. the cat died after 4 days of hospitalization. postmortem polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis confirmed the presence of toxoplasma gondii in all examined organs. parasites were ex ... | 2011 | 21217037 |
| toxoplasmosis in a patient who was immunocompetent: a case report. | 2011 | 21244658 | |
| immunological status against toxoplasma gondii in non-cat owners from an endemic region of mexico. | a cross-sectional study was developed to determine anti-toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm antibodies from 80 persons aged 18-21 years without a history of previous contact with cats. individuals who consented to take part in the survey were served with a questionnaire to obtain response on their eating habits. blood samples were taken and specific igm and igg antibodies against t. gondii were measured by indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay. seropositivity was found in 29 (37%) and ... | 2011 | 21254942 |
| prevalence of infectious diseases in cats and dogs rescued following hurricane katrina. | to determine the prevalence of infectious diseases of animal and zoonotic importance in cats and dogs rescued and transferred from the gulf coast region following hurricane katrina. | 2011 | 21281213 |
| toxoplasma gondii infection and schizophrenia: a case control study in a low toxoplasma seroprevalence mexican population. | there are conflicting reports concerning the association of toxoplasma gondii infection and schizophrenia in humans. therefore, we determined such association in a mexican population of mestizo ethnicity. through a case-control study design, 50 schizophrenic patients and 150 control subjects matched by gender, age, residence place, and ethnicity were examined with enzyme-linked immunoassays for the presence and levels of t. gondii igg antibodies and for the presence of t. gondii igm antibodies. ... | 2011 | 21292026 |
| seroepidemiology of toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, and leishmania spp. infections and risk factors for cats from brazil. | the seroprevalence of infection by toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, and leishmania spp. was detected through an indirect immunofluorescence in 70 cats from the andradina municipality, são paulo state, brazil. anti-t. gondii antibodies (titer >64) were detected in 15.7% (11/70) of animals, whereas positivity for n. caninum (titer 16) was not observed in any animal. of the cats from urban and rural areas, 10.4% (5/48) and 27.2% (6/22) were positive for t. gondii, respectively. breed, age, food ... | 2011 | 21626423 |
| flowcytomix analysis for toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women in central taiwan. | summary the study was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in the sera of pregnant women in central taiwan and to investigate the levels of cytokine in the sera of pregnant women with toxoplasma gondii infection. the 220 blood samples were collected from pregnant women. the haematological parameters of peripheral blood were analysed by a haematology analyser. serum samples of the pregnant women were analysed by a commercially available anti-t. gondii igm/igg antibody enzyme-linked im ... | 2011 | 21627416 |
| ovine and caprine toxoplasmosis (toxoplasma gondii) in aborted animals in jordanian goat and sheep flocks. | two hundred and fifty-five biological samples (106 aborted foetal tissue samples and 149 blood samples from aborted sheep and goats) were collected from 188 animals during the lambing season from september 2009 to april 2010 from the mafraq region of jordan. the sampled animals belonged to 93 goat and sheep flocks that had cases of abortion. a total of 169 (66.3%) biological samples were collected from sheep and 86 (33.7%) from goats. seventy-six (29.8%) biological samples (45 blood and 31 tissu ... | 2011 | 21643666 |
| lack of awareness of risk factors for primary toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. | background: the overall seroprevalence of toxoplasma antibodies in women of childbearing age in ireland is 25% [1]. hence, 75% of women remain susceptible to primary toxoplasma infection during pregnancy, which if transmitted to the foetus can cause ocular, neurological and other sequelae. toxoplasma exposure during pregnancy can be avoided if there is an awareness of the potential sources of infection, mainly contaminated food, water, soil and cat faeces. aims: to determine risk factor exposure ... | 2011 | 21660651 |
| toxoplasmosis-serological evidence and associated risk factors among pregnant women in southern thailand. | abstract. toxoplasma gondii is an important parasite in pregnant women. this case-controlled study assessed the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in 640 pregnant women in southern thailand and identified their associated risk factors. the overall seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 181 (28.3%). of this, 138 (21.6%) were positive for only anti-toxoplasma immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody, 43 (6.7%) were positive for both igg and igm antibodies, and none were positive for igm antibody. multivariate an ... | 2011 | 21813842 |
| genetic characterisation of toxoplasma gondii in wildlife from north america revealed widespread and high prevalence of the fourth clonal type. | little is known of the genetic diversity of toxoplasma gondii circulating in wildlife. in the present study wild animals, including dolphins, from the usa were examined for t. gondii infection. tissues of naturally exposed animals were bioassayed in mice for isolation of viable parasites. viable t. gondii was isolated from 31 animals including, to our knowledge for the first time, from a bald eagle (haliaeetus leucocephalus), five gray wolves (canis lupus), a woodrat (neotoma micropus), and five ... | 2011 | 21802422 |
| a survey of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii infection in urban rodents from brazil. | abstract toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects humans and other warm blooded animals; it uses feral and domestic cats as the definitive hosts. neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals whose life cycle is very similar to t. gondii, but uses canids as definitive hosts. small rodents play an important role in the life cycle of t. gondii and a few findings indicated that they may be natural intermediate hosts for n. caninum. the present study was aimed at identifying infe ... | 2011 | 21790367 |
| development of a sensitive method for toxoplasma gondii oocyst extraction in soil. | toxoplasmosis is a world-wide infection caused by toxoplasma gondii. oocysts disseminated in the environment by infected cats provide a major source of infection for humans and intermediate hosts. the level of soil contamination and the dynamics of this contamination are mostly unknown due to the lack of sensitivity of detection method. our aim was to improve the detection of t. gondii oocysts in soil samples by comparing three extraction protocols (a, b and c) on unsporulated and sporulated ooc ... | 2011 | 21764217 |
| a survey study on gastrointestinal parasites of stray cats in northern region of nile delta, egypt. | a survey study on gastrointestinal parasites in 113 faecal samples from stray cats collected randomly from kafrelsheikh province, northern region of nile delta of egypt; was conducted in the period between january and may 2010. the overall prevalence was 91%. the results of this study reported seven helminth species: toxocara cati (9%), ancylostoma tubaeforme (4%), toxascaris leonina (5%), dipylidium caninum (5%), capillaria spp. (3%), taenia taeniformis (22%) and heterophyes heterophyes (3%), f ... | 2011 | 21760884 |
| genotyping of toxoplasma gondii isolates from cats in different geographic regions of china. | fourteen isolates of toxoplamsa gondii were isolated from cats from 4 different geographic provinces (anhui, hubei, shanxi and guangdong) in china and their genetic diversity with 8 nuclear loci sag2, sag3, btub, gra6, l358, pk1, c22-8, c29-2, and an apicoplast locus apico, was analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). two genotypes from these 14 isolates were identified but none of them belongs to the typical genetic types (types i, ii and iii). it is unexpected that such h ... | 2011 | 21757292 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in cats from colombo, sri lanka. | cats are essential in the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii because they are the only hosts that can excrete the environmentally resistant oocysts in nature. nothing is known of the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in cats from sri lanka. serum samples from 86 cats from colombo, sri lanka, were tested for antibodies to t. gondii using the modified agglutination test; antibodies were found in 26 (30.2%) cats with titers of 1:25 in 4, 1:50 in 4, 1:100 in 3, 1:400 in 2, 1:800 in 3, 1:1,600 in 4, and 1 ... | 2010 | 21348625 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in feral cats in seoul, korea. | the present study assessed the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in feral cat populations in seoul using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a total of 456 feral cats from 17 wards in seoul was surveyed. the overall prevalence of t. gondii infection was 15.8% (69/456) by elisa and 17.5% (80/456) by pcr; by gender, 17% (44/259) by elisa and 16.2% (42/259) by pcr in males and 14.3% (28/196) by elisa and 19.4% (38/196) by pcr in females. on ... | 2010 | 21348626 |
| anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies among volunteer blood donors in eastern saudi arabia. | a cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors of toxoplasma gondii in 100 volunteer blood donors at blood bank. blood donors were interviewed about sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors toxoplasmosis. a required data were taken through a designed questionnaire. five ml. venous blood samples were withdrawn by disposable sterile syringes to separate sera. anti-toxoplasma antibodies were evaluated by using elisa. the results showed that 40 volunteers (40%) were posi ... | 2010 | 21246947 |
| prevalence of igg antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi and toxoplasma gondii in cats with and without chronic kidney disease from virginia. | kidney disease is a common and serious condition in domestic cats. there are numerous causes of kidney disease including parasitic infection. encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidian parasite that develops in the kidneys of rabbits and causes chronic renal disease. little has been reported concerning e. cuniculi in cats and no serological studies on this parasite in cats have been conducted in the united states to date. the present study explored the possibility that e. cuniculi is an unreco ... | 2010 | 21247702 |
| near-infrared raman spectroscopy to detect anti-toxoplasma gondii antibody in blood sera of domestic cats: quantitative analysis based on partial least-squares multivariate statistics. | toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis in public health because domestic cats are the main agents responsible for the transmission of this disease in brazil. we investigate a method for diagnosing toxoplasmosis based on raman spectroscopy. dispersive near-infrared raman spectra are used to quantify anti-toxoplasma gondii (igg) antibodies in blood sera from domestic cats. an 830-nm laser is used for sample excitation, and a dispersive spectrometer is used to detect the raman scattering. a serolog ... | 2010 | 20799833 |
| bartonella species, feline herpesvirus-1, and toxoplasma gondii pcr assay results from blood and aqueous humor samples from 104 cats with naturally occurring endogenous uveitis. | toxoplasma gondii, bartonella henselae and feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv-1) have been implicated as causative agents in feline uveitis. the usefulness of serum and aqueous humor (ah) antibody testing for these agents is limited as antibodies can be detected in both healthy cats and cats with uveitis. very few studies using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays to amplify organism dna from samples from cats with uveitis have been performed. in this study, assays to detect t gondii antibodies, feline ... | 2010 | 20817587 |
| low seroprevalence of leishmania infantum infection in cats from northern portugal based on dat and elisa. | cats have been considered playing a role in the epidemiology of leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum, an endemic zoonosis in countries of the mediterranean basin. the present study assessed the prevalence of antibodies to l. infantum in 316 domestic cats from northern portugal, by means of the direct agglutination test (dat) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). seroreactivity to dat was found in six cats, and nine cats were positive in the elisa, including the six dat-positiv ... | 2010 | 20851524 |
| isolation and multilocus genotyping of toxoplasma gondii in seronegative rodents in brazil. | synanthropic rodents, mainly rats and mice, become ecologically associated with men due to changes in their ecosystems caused by human activities. these animals may take part in the epidemiological cycles of several diseases, including toxoplasmosis. the presence of serum antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in 43 rodents captured in the urban area of umuarama, pr, brazil, was verified by modified agglutination test (mat). brain and heart samples were also collected and bioassayed in mice for the iso ... | 2010 | 20869811 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in stray and household cats in regions of seoul, korea. | the principal objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in household and stray cats in seoul, republic of korea. we collected blood samples from 72 stray and 80 household cats, and all samples were examined by elisa and nested pcr. the overall positive rates of toxoplasma gondii in stray cats were 38.9% (28/72), with 15.3% (11/72) in elisa and 30.6% (22/72) in pcr. the positive rate in male stray cats was slightly higher than that of female stray cats. the highes ... | 2010 | 20877509 |
| update on the diagnosis and management of toxoplasma gondii infection in cats. | 2010 | 20937495 | |
| serological and parasitological prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in wild birds from colorado. | ground-feeding birds are considered important in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii because they serve as indicators of soil contamination by oocysts, and birds of prey are indicators of t. gondii prevalence in rodents and other small mammals. cats excrete environmentally resistant oocysts after consuming tissues of t. gondii -infected birds. in the present study, sera and tissues from 382 wild birds from colorado were tested for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 38 b ... | 2010 | 20950101 |
| [a model of congenital toxoplasmosis transmission dynamics]. | toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonosis having worldwide distribution; it infects many human and animal populations and is produced by the parasite toxoplasma gondii, this being of great importance in contagion of pregnant women since this zoonosis causes illness in the fetus through transplacental infection. a constant mother-foetus infection rate has traditionally been used. nevertheless, there is evidence of a strong relationship between a mother's gestation week and the moment when a foetus be ... | 2010 | 21031242 |
| multi-locus dna sequencing of toxoplasma gondii isolated from brazilian pigs identifies genetically divergent strains. | five toxoplasma gondii isolates (tgpgbr1-5) were isolated from hearts and brains of pigs freshly purchased at the market of campos dos goytacazes, northern rio de janeiro state, brazil. four of the five isolates were highly pathogenic in mice. four genotypes were identified. multi-locus pcr-dna sequencing showed that each strain possessed a unique combination of archetypal and novel alleles not previously described in south america. the data suggest that different strains circulate in pigs desti ... | 2010 | 21051148 |
| infection dynamic of toxoplasma gondii in two fattening pig farms exposed to high and low cat density in an endemic region. | the presence of cats in the farms is considered a risk factor for the infection of pigs with toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii). cats eliminate oocysts that contaminate food, water and promote the infection of host reservoir such as rodents and birds among others that are also involved in the infection of pigs. the objective of this study was to assess the dynamic of infection of t. gondii in seronegative weaned pigs from weaning to 20 weeks of age from two farms from an endemic region, one with high ... | 2010 | 21055875 |
| segmental meningomyelitis in 2 cats caused by toxoplasma gondii. | 2010 | 21092003 | |
| genetic diversity of toxoplasma gondii isolates in egyptian feral cats reveals new genotypes. | cats are important in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii because they are the only hosts that excrete environmentally resistant oocysts in feces. in the present study, 115 viable t. gondii isolates from tissues of cats from egypt were genotyped using 10 pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism markers (sag1, sag2, sag3, btub, gra6, c22-8, c29-2, l358, pk1, and apico) and dna from tachyzoites. seven genotypes were recognized including the clonal type ii, type iii (2 genotypes), and 4 atypi ... | 2010 | 21158618 |
| high prevalence of toxoplasmosis in cats from egypt: isolation of viable toxoplasma gondii, tissue distribution, and isolate designation. | cats are important in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii because they are the only hosts that excrete environmentally resistant oocysts in feces. in the present study, 158 feral cats from giza, egypt, were examined for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 97.4% with the modified agglutination test. viable t. gondii was isolated from tissues (brain, heart, tongue) of 115 of 137 cats by bioassay in mice. these isolates were designated tgcateg 1-115; none of these isolates ... | 2010 | 21158619 |
| toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic cats in olsztyn urban area, poland. | the aim of the investigation was to determine the prevalence of t. gondii among a domestic cat population in an urban area in olsztyn. in total, 135 serum samples of cats collected in several veterinary outpatient clinics in olsztyn were examined by direct agglutination assay. the toxo-screen da biomerieux commercial test detected anti-toxoplasma gondii igg antibodies. the results of studies indicated that cats bred under different conditions in the city of olsztyn have contact with various form ... | 2010 | 21174957 |
| prevalence and genotypes of toxoplasma gondii in feline faeces (oocysts) and meat from sheep, cattle and pigs in switzerland. | the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii infects almost all warm blooded animal species including humans, and is one of the most prevalent zoonotic parasites worldwide. post-natal infection in humans is acquired through oral uptake of sporulated t. gondii oocysts or by ingestion of parasite tissue cysts upon consumption of raw or undercooked meat. this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of oocyst-shedding by cats and to assess the level of infection with t. gondii in meat-producing ... | 2010 | 21183278 |
| toxoplasma gondii antibodies on domiciled cats from lages municipality, santa catarina state, brazil. | sera were collected from 300 domiciled cats from the municipality of lages, southern brazil, to determine the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies and risk factors associated. tests for t. gondii antibodies were performed using indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat). positive reactions with titers ≥1:64 were found in 43 (14.33%) cats. a significant number of seropositive cats were ≥6 month old (p = 0.03758) and had access to the streets or/and rural areas (p = 0.04185). the result ... | 2010 | 21184709 |
| use of crude, fml and rk39 antigens in elisa to detect anti-leishmania spp. antibodies in felis catus. | visceral leishmaniasis is a disease caused by leishmania (leishmania) chagasi and represents a serious public health problem. the dog is the main urban reservoir of the disease; however, investigations regarding the occurrence and epidemiological importance of leishmaniasis in cats have recently been initiated. this study aimed to detect cats seropositive for leishmania spp. using different antigens. additional studies were performed using sera from cats with toxoplasma gondii (n=15) to evaluate ... | 2010 | 21195550 |
| conventional and molecular diagnostic testing for the acute neurologic patient. | the aim of this review is to describe and evaluate both conventional and molecular diagnostic testing utilized in dogs and cats with acute neurologic diseases. various types of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) are explored along with novel molecular diagnostic testing that ultimately may prove useful in the critical care setting. | 2010 | 20230434 |
| modeling toxoplasmosis spread in cat populations under vaccination. | in this paper we present an epidemiological model to study the transmission dynamics of toxoplasmosis in a cat population under a continuous vaccination schedule. we explore the dynamics of toxoplasmosis at the population level using a mathematical model that includes the effect of oocyst, since the probability of acquisition of toxoplasma gondii infection depends on the environmental load of the parasite. this model considers indirectly the infection of prey through the oocyst shedding by cats. ... | 2010 | 20304000 |
| local meteorological conditions, dynamics of seroconversion to toxoplasma gondii in cats (felis catus) and oocyst burden in a rural environment. | the aim of this study was to analyse the spatio-temporal dynamics of toxoplasma gondii infection in long-term monitoring of domestic cats (8-15 years) in three populations living in rural france. overall seroprevalence was 52.7% (modified agglutination test > or =1:40). incidence was 0.26-0.39 seroconversions/cat per year, and the estimated rate of soil contamination by t. gondii oocysts ranged between 31 and 3600 oocysts/m2 per year, depending on the population. incidence risk in cats was relat ... | 2010 | 19961642 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasma gondii infection in pig farms from catalonia, north-eastern spain. | seroprevalence and associated risk factors for toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs were analyzed in 1202 sera samples, including sows and pigs of three, seven, 11, 15 and 20 weeks of age, from 23 farms in catalonia, north-eastern spain. antibodies were tested by the modified agglutination test (mat) at titers > or =1:25. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 228 samples (19.0%; 95% ci: 16.8-21.2). the individual prevalence in animals higher than 7 weeks of age was 22.8% (174/762; 95% ci: 16.6-29 ... | 2010 | 20189210 |
| toxoplasma gondii: epidemiology, feline clinical aspects, and prevention. | toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of birds and mammals. cats are the only definitive host and thus the only source of infective oocysts, but other mammals and birds can develop tissue cysts. although feline infections are typically asymptomatic, infection during human pregnancy can cause severe disease in the fetus. cat owners can reduce their pets' exposure risk by keeping all cats indoors and not feeding them raw meat. humans usually become infected through ingestion of oocyst-contaminated soil ... | 2010 | 20202907 |
| seroepidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with vision and hearing impairments, cancer, hiv, or undergoing hemodialysis in durango, mexico. | toxoplasma gondii infection may cause a variety of symptoms involving virtually all organs. little is known of the epidemiology of t. gondii infection in different patient groups in mexico. we sought to determine the prevalence of t. gondii infection and associated epidemiological characteristics in 472 patients in durango, mexico. participants were tested for t. gondii igg and igm antibodies. in addition, sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics from each participant were obta ... | 2010 | 20557194 |
| besnoitia neotomofelis n. sp. (protozoa: apicomplexa) from the southern plains woodrat ( neotoma micropus). | certain species of the protozoan genus besnoitia cause clinical disease in livestock and wildlife. in the present paper a new species, besnoitia neotomofelis is described from the southern planes woodrat (neotoma micropus). the parasite was detected by bioassay of woodrat tissues in outbred swiss webster mice in an attempt to isolate toxoplasma gondii. initially, the organism was misdiagnosed as t. gondii because it was highly pathogenic for mice and its tachyzoites resembled t. gondii tachyzoit ... | 2010 | 20561393 |
| toxoplasmosis in sand cats (felis margarita) and other animals in the breeding centre for endangered arabian wildlife in the united arab emirates and al wabra wildlife preservation, the state of qatar. | the sand cat (felis margarita) is a small-sized felid found in sand and stone deserts ranging from the north of africa to asia, with the arabian peninsula as its centre of distribution. the sand cat captive breeding program at the breeding centre for endangered arabian wildlife (bceaw), sharjah, uae, has experienced high newborn mortality rates, and congenital toxoplasmosis was recently recognized as one of the causes of this mortality. in the present study, one 18-month-old sand cat (fm019) die ... | 2010 | 20570441 |
| epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection of stray cats in bangkok, thailand. | the objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in stray cats in bangkok. sera were collected during 2006 and examined by sabin-feldman dye test. five hundred sixty-four male and 926 female cats in and around monasteries from 50 districts were collected. toxoplasma gondii was detected in 72 (4.8%) of 1,490 cats. the prevalence was significantly higher in females (5.6%) than in males (3.6%). cats more than 5 years old had the highest infection rate (5.1%). fifty-s ... | 2010 | 20578476 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasma gondii in domestic pigs from spain. | serum samples from 2970 (1400 sows, 1570 fattening) pigs, from 100 farms in the 10 main swine production regions in spain were tested for antibodies against t. gondii by the modified agglutination test (mat). antibodies to t. gondii (mat 1:25 or higher) were detected in 492 pigs (16.6%, 9.7% in fattening pigs and 24.2% in sows). the herd prevalence was 85.0% (95% ci: 78-92) and within-farm prevalence ranged from 2.9% to 92.8% (median=17.6%). statistically significant differences were observed am ... | 2010 | 20601110 |
| manipulation of host behaviour by toxoplasma gondii: what is the minimum a proposed proximate mechanism should explain? | the behavioural manipulation hypothesis posits that parasites can change the behaviour of hosts to increase the reproductive fitness of the parasite. the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii fits this description well. sexual reproduction occurs in the cat intestine, from which highly stable oocysts are excreted in faeces. grazing animals, including rodents, can then ingest these oocysts. the parasite has evolved the capacity to abolish the innate fear that rodents have of the odours of cats, an ... | 2010 | 20608470 |
| the role of latent toxoplasmosis in the aetiopathogenesis of schizophrenia--the risk factor or an indication of a contact with cat? | we assessed igg antibody to toxoplasma gondii in 300 inpatients with schizophrenia (sg), 150 outpatients with anxiety and depressive disorders (pcg), and 150 healthy blood donors (hcg). seropositivity rates were 60.7% for sg, 36.7% for pcg, and 45.3% for hcg (p<0.001). the seropositivity rate for anti-toxoplasma igg antibodies in sg was significantly higher that in pcg (chi2 = 23.11, or = 2.66, p = 0.001) and hcg (chi2 = 9.52, or = 1.86, p = 0.002). among sg, 85% of those who reported close cat ... | 2010 | 20608474 |
| toxoplasma gondii strain-dependent effects on mouse behaviour. | toxoplasma gondii reportedly manipulates rodent behaviour to increase transmission to its definitive feline host. we compared the effects of mouse infection by two type ii strains of t. gondii, prugniaud (pru) and me49, on attraction to cat odour, locomotor activity, anxiety, sensorimotor gating, and spatial working and recognition memory 2 months post-infection (mpi). attraction to cat odour was reassessed 7 mpi. at 2 mpi, mice infected with either strain exhibited significantly more attraction ... | 2010 | 20608478 |
| myelitis due to reactivated spinal toxoplasmosis in a cat. | the diagnosis, management, and subsequent post-mortem confirmation of a case of suspected reactivated spinal toxoplasmosis in a 10-year-old female neutered cornish rex are described. while an ante-mortem diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was considered possible based on the neuroanatomical diagnosis of central nervous system (cns) disease primarily involving spinal cord segment c6-t2 and the progressive elimination of other potential causes, toxoplasma gondii antibody titres were consistent with previo ... | 2010 | 20674426 |
| the occurrence of toxoplasma gondii infection in people and animals from rural environment of lublin region - estimate of potential role of water as a source of infection. | a total of 254 humans and 489 domestic animals living on farms in the lublin province (eastern poland) were examined for the presence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii using, respectively, the elfa and direct agglutination tests. in parallel, 182 samples of potable water, mostly from shallow household wells, were taken on farms and examined for the presence of t. gondii by microscopy and pcr. the frequency of seropositive reactions in farm inhabitants (66.9 percent) was significantly great ... | 2010 | 20684490 |
| transmission dynamics of toxoplasma gondii along an urban-rural gradient. | recently, several authors have proposed that the availability of intermediate hosts (ihs) for definitive hosts (dhs) may contribute to determining the dynamics and evolutionary ecology of parasites with facultative complex life cycles. the protozoa toxoplasma gondii may be transmitted to dhs either via predation of infected ihs through a complex life cycle (clc) or directly from a contaminated environment through a simple life cycle (slc). this parasite is also present in contrasting host densit ... | 2010 | 20685358 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in woodchucks across an urban-rural gradient. | increasing urbanization has important consequences for wildlife, including the potential for higher prevalence of diseases within "urban adapter" species exposed to spillover from domestic animals. we investigated whether prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in woodchucks (marmota monax) was related to urbanization in a midwestern landscape. we collected serum samples from adult woodchucks captured across an urban-rural gradient in illinois, usa in may-november 2007. we used an indirect ... | 2010 | 20688709 |
| exposure to toxoplasma gondii in galapagos penguins (spheniscus mendiculus) and flightless cormorants (phalacrocorax harrisi) in the galapagos islands, ecuador. | toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common protozoan parasites of humans and warm-blooded animals. members of the family felidae are the only definitive hosts of this parasite and, thus, important in the epidemiology of the disease. previous studies on pacific islands have found t. gondii infections in a number of avian species where domestic cats (felis catus) have been introduced. little is known about t. gondii in the galapagos islands, although introduced domestic cats in the archipelago ar ... | 2010 | 20688714 |
| transmission of toxoplasmosis (toxoplasma gondii) by foods. | protozoan foodborne diseases are generally underrecognized. toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, one of the most prevalent parasitic infections to humans and domestic animals. the most likely source of t. gondii occurring through food is the consumption of raw or undercooked meat contaminated with tissue cysts. sporulated t. gondii oocysts, from the feces of infected cats, present in the environment are a potential source of infection. the ingestion of water contaminated wi ... | 2010 | 20691951 |
| epidemiological study of toxoplasma gondii infection in ovine breeding. | an outbreak of toxoplasmosis occurring in a typical farm of 524 ovines was monitored for 1 year after the occurrence of 31 abortions. abortion events involved 7.2% of 430 pregnant sheep. presence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in sheep sera was investigated by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat). a total of 422 ewes were bled four times during the year, and an epidemiological analysis was performed on all serology data collected in this subgroup. the prevalence of igg positives ra ... | 2010 | 19968848 |
| use of protein ag in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of toxoplasma gondii infection in four species of animals. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) employing protein ag (ag-elisa) as a conjugate was developed to detect anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies (ab) in experimentally infected pigs and naturally infected pigs, goats, dogs, and cats. the results indicate that ag-elisa can be a useful method for serological diagnosis of t. gondii infection in these four species of animals. | 2010 | 20071493 |
| [serological study on toxoplasmosis among pregnant women from franceville, gabon]. | the serological prevalence of toxoplasma gondii was studied among 839 pregnant women in two hospitals from franceville (gabon), between may 2007 and december 2007. specific t gondii igg and igm were measured by enzyme linked fluorescent assay (elfa). datation of the infection was carried out by avidity test. fifty-six percent of women in this study were immunised compare to the 71% who were found as immunised in a previous study carried out fifteen years ago. 2.6% were found to be igm positive. ... | 2010 | 20084487 |
| seroprevalence and factors associated with toxoplasma gondii infection in wild boar ( sus scrofa) in a mediterranean island. | knowledge of the factors affecting the presence of toxoplasma gondii in wildlife is limited. here we analyse which local landscape characteristics are associated with the presence of toxoplasmosis in wild boar, sus scrofa, on the island of corsica, france. meat juice samples from 1399 wild boars collected during two hunting seasons were tested for t. gondii antibodies using the modified agglutination test (titre 1:4). the overall seroprevalence was 0.55 (95% ci 0.50-0.59) for the first year and ... | 2010 | 20096148 |
| a prospective study of toxoplasma-positive pregnant women in southern brazil: a health alert. | we evaluated anti-toxoplasma gondii igm-reactive pregnant women seen at a high-risk pregnancy outpatient clinic. from march 2005 to january 2008 in paraná, brazil, pregnant women seen by the brazilian public health system, in any gestational period, who were anti-t. gondii igm-positive, were followed. clinical symptoms were noted, and tests performed including iga, igg avidity, ultrasonogram, and amniocentesis (pcr/inoculation in mice). of 75 patients, 8 showed low, 3 intermediate and 31 high ig ... | 2010 | 20138322 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma antibodies among individuals tested at hospitals and private laboratories in beirut. | toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution. infection with toxoplasma gondii can result in debilitating disease especially in the immunocompromized host and pregnant women. determination of its seroprevalence and risk factors have been studied in many countries as a mean to understand its epidemiology and implement control measures. the scarcity of information on t. gondii infection in lebanon warranted studying the toxoplasma antibody findings among individuals tested at diff ... | 2010 | 20358853 |
| comparison of nested pcr and real-time pcr for the detection of toxoplasma gondii in biological samples from naturally infected cats. | there are different protocols of molecular diagnosis methods available including dna extraction methods to diagnose of toxoplasma gondii, being necessary to perform comparative studies in biological samples. the aim of this study is to compare real-time pcr (rtpcr) and nested pcr (npcr) to evaluate the detection of t. gondii in naturally infected cats. biological samples of toxoplasma-seropositive cats were assayed for detection of t. gondii dna--extracted by both the lysis buffer and proteinase ... | 2010 | 20362309 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus and toxoplasma gondii in stray and household cats in kerman-iran: seroprevalence and correlation with clinical and laboratory findings. | this study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) infection among stray and owned cats in southeastern iran and to identify the influence of age, sex, lifestyle, health status, and laboratory findings on seropositivity. the overall infection rate for fiv, felv, and t. gondii was 19.2%, 14.2%, and 32.1% respectively. results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that o ... | 2010 | 20362315 |
| [the effects of the infection caused by toxoplasma gondii on the cat duodenal wall]. | this paper analyzes the effects of the infection caused by toxoplasma gondii on the cat duodenal wall. six cats (felis catus) with 3-month-old were randomly divided into control group (g1; n = 3) and infected group (g2; n = 3). the animals from g2 received orarilly 200 t. gondii tissye cysts of me49-strain (type ii). after 40 days, the animals were submitted to euthanasia, laparotomy and had their duodenum removed, fixed in bouin solution and submitted to histological routine obtaining 3 μm tran ... | 2010 | 20385061 |
| a comparative analysis of coprologic diagnostic methods for detection of toxoplama gondii in cats. | the relative role of transmission of toxoplasma gondii infection from cats to humans appears to have recently increased in certain areas. large-scale screening of oocyst shedding in cats cannot rely on microscopy because oocyst identification lacks sensitivity and specificity, or on bioassays, which require test animals and weeks before examination. we compared a sensitive and species-specific coprologic-polymerase chain reaction (copro-pcr) for detection of t. gondii infected cats with microsco ... | 2010 | 20439968 |
| survey of infectious and parasitic diseases in stray cats at the lisbon metropolitan area, portugal. | a survey of infectious and parasitic diseases of stray cats was carried out using biological samples collected from animals captured during a catch-neuter-release programme in four counties of the lisbon metropolitan area. the main objective was to investigate the potential threat of stray cats for animal and public health. samples of blood, stool, hair and auricular swabs were collected from 231 cats in 27 colonies. anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 47/194 samples (24.2%); anti ... | 2010 | 20466573 |
| serological survey of toxoplasma gondii in captive neotropical felids from southern brazil. | toxoplasma gondii is the causative intracellular protozoan of toxoplasmosis in human being and animals. members of the felidae family are considered the single definitive host for the infection; both wild and domestic cats are able to excrete oocysts in the environment. wild cats maintained in captivity may serve as source of infection for other clinically susceptible animals in the same environment. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of t. gondii igg antibodies in 57 neotropic ... | 2010 | 20472340 |
| prevalence of selected infectious agents in cats in ireland. | vector-borne bacterial and rickettsial agents and toxoplasma gondii, are common organisms in cats. some are potentially zoonotic or may be transmitted via blood transfusion. the current study investigated the prevalence of these agents in cats from dublin, ireland, for which no published data exists. whole blood (n=116) and sera (n=83) samples were obtained from 121 cats. dna was extracted from blood and assayed using polymerase chain reaction techniques for anaplasma species, bartonella species ... | 2010 | 20472484 |
| seroepidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in a mennonite community in durango state, mexico. | there is a lack of information concerning the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in mennonites (an ethnic group of mexican citizens of german descent living in rural communities). the prevalence of anti- t. gondii immunoglobulin (ig) g and igm antibodies was examined in 152 mennonites in durango state, mexico, using enzyme-linked immunoassays. in total, 46 (30.3%) of 152 participants (mean age 38.4 ± 15.5 yr) had igg t. gondii antibodies; 5 (3.3%) also had igm t. gondii antibodies. toxo ... | 2010 | 20481662 |
| toxoplasmosis not transmitted by cat bite, but high prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in patients bitten by their own cat. | the aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in a group of patients bitten by cats, and also to determine if toxoplasmosis can be transferred by cat bite. seventy-two patients who attended the emergency wards at 3 hospitals in stockholm, sweden, due to infection by cat bite, were investigated for specific igm and igg antibodies to t. gondii in the acute phase, as well as in the convalescent phase about 2 weeks later. specific igg antibodies to t. go ... | 2010 | 20482458 |
| new toxoplasma gondii genotypes isolated from free-range chickens from the fernando de noronha, brazil: unexpected findings. | worldwide comparison of toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-range chickens ( gallus domesticus ) has indicated that t. gondii isolates from brazil are phenotypically and genetically different from isolates from other countries; most strains from brazil are pathogenic to mice, there is great genetic variability, most isolates are nonclonal, and type ii is absent or rare. the prevalence of t. gondii in 50 free-range chickens from the island of fernando de noronha, brazil (this island is 350 km fr ... | 2010 | 20486738 |
| a new atypical highly mouse virulent toxoplasma gondii genotype isolated from a wild black bear in alaska. | most strains of toxoplasma gondii isolated in north america and europe are grouped into 3 (types i, ii, iii) genotypes and are considered clonal. recent evidence suggests that illness due to toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent persons may be related to infection with an atypical genotype; these strains are mouse virulent. in the present study, a new mouse-virulent atypical t. gondii genotype was isolated from an asymptomatic black bear ( ursus americanus ) from alaska. the bear had a titer of 1rati ... | 2010 | 20486739 |
| waterborne toxoplasmosis--recent developments. | humans become infected with toxoplasma gondii mainly by ingesting uncooked meat containing viable tissue cysts or by ingesting food or water contaminated with oocysts from the feces of infected cats. circumstantial evidence suggests that oocyst-induced infections in humans are clinically more severe than tissue cyst-acquired infections. until recently, waterborne transmission of t. gondii was considered uncommon, but a large human outbreak linked to contamination of a municipal water reservoir i ... | 2010 | 19324041 |
| seroprevalence of and risk factors for toxoplasma gondii in sheep raised in the jaboticabal microregion, são paulo state, brazil. | seroprevalence of and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in sheep from different properties in the jaboticabal microregion, são paulo state, brazil were determined. antibodies to toxoplasma gondii were found in sera of 52.0% of 488 sheep tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat > or =64). t. gondii seropositivity in sheep was significantly associated with gender of the sheep, pasturing system, contact with cats, and the use of mineral supplements and the type of feed. | 2010 | 19589550 |
| sarcocystis sp. encephalomyelitis in a cat. | a 5-month-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for spinal pain, ataxia, and anisocoria. neuroanatomic localization indicated diffuse or multifocal central nervous system disease. on cerebrospinal fluid analysis, neutrophilic pleocytosis and intracellular protozoal merozoites were observed. the merozoites were oval, 2-4 microm in width and 4-6 microm in length, and had linear arrays of nuclear material concentrated at one pole. serum was positive for sarcocystis sp. antibodies a ... | 2010 | 19548967 |
| atypical toxoplasma gondii genotypes identified in oocysts shed by cats in germany. | a total of 18,259 feline faecal samples from cats in germany were collected and analysed for the presence of toxoplasma gondii oocysts between june 2007 and december 2008. the proportion of t. gondii-positive samples collected between january and june was significantly lower than between july and december. the age of cats shedding t. gondii oocysts was not significantly different from the age of negative control cats. forty-six t. gondii-positive samples were genetically characterised using nine ... | 2010 | 19695254 |
| infection with toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy: seroepidemiological studies in austria. | seropositivity among pregnant woman in austria has decreased from 48% to 50% at the end of the 1970s to 35% in recent years. despite this decrease, knowledge of possible sources and risk factors for toxoplasma infection remains important. we reviewed seroepidemiological studies that were undertaken to assess the roles of undercooked meat and oocysts in cat faeces as potential sources of infection in pregnant women. improved management and hygiene in pig herds raised in confinement have resulted ... | 2010 | 19744300 |
| toxoplasmosis prevention and testing in pregnancy, survey of obstetrician-gynaecologists. | toxoplasmosis in pregnant women can lead to congenital disease with severe neurological and ocular complications in the foetus. in 2006, we surveyed us obstetrician-gynaecologists to determine their knowledge and practices about toxoplasmosis prevention and testing. questionnaires were mailed (four mailings) to a random sample of 1200 of the 33,354 members of the american college of obstetricians and gynecologists (acog). of the 1200 surveyed, 502 (42%) responded. the respondents were similar to ... | 2010 | 19744302 |
| a brief history and overview of toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasma gondii was discovered by scientists working in north africa and brazil around 100 years ago. the parasite has since been found to be capable of infecting all warm-blooded animals including humans making it one of the most successful parasitic organisms worldwide. the pathogenic potential of t. gondii was recognized in the 1920s and 1930s, in congenitally infected children presenting with the classic triad of symptoms, namely hydrocephalus, retinochoroiditis and encephalitis. in additi ... | 2010 | 19744303 |
| toxoplasma gondii infections in chickens (gallus domesticus): prevalence, clinical disease, diagnosis and public health significance. | chickens are considered one of the most important hosts in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection because they are an efficient source of infection for cats that excrete the environmentally resistant oocysts and because humans may become infected with this parasite after eating undercooked infected chicken meat. the objective of this study is to review worldwide prevalence of t. gondii infection in chickens and to assess the role of infected chickens in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis ... | 2010 | 19744305 |
| cats and toxoplasma: implications for public health. | cats are popular as pets worldwide because they are easy to care for and provide companionship that enriches the lives of human beings. little attention has been focused on their potential to contaminate the environment with zoonotic pathogens. one such pathogen, the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii, rarely causes clinical manifestations in cats or immunocompetent humans; however, it can have serious adverse effects on human foetuses and immunocompromised patients. many human infections are ... | 2010 | 19744306 |
| cross-sectional survey of toxoplasma gondii infection in colony cats from urban florence (italy). | cats are the key species in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection, even if the proportion of subjects excreting oocysts is low. the aim of the present paper was to obtain information about seroprevalence, oocyst shedding rate and presence of t gondii dna in faeces collected from an urban population of colony cats in florence (tuscany). fifty european shorthair feral cats were examined for anti-t gondii specific antibodies by a modified agglutination test (mat), and for oocysts by micro ... | 2010 | 19811938 |
| cervical lymphadenitis in a patient coinfected with toxoplasma gondii and bartonella henselae. | cat scratch disease, caused by bartonella henselae, is a worldwide zoonosis that is most frequently associated with the bite or scratch of a kitten under 6 months of age, as well as from a fleabite. toxoplsma gondii is also another important zoonotic agent in cats and humans, which is mainly acquired by ingestion of food or water that is contaminated with oocytes shed by cats or by eating undercooked or raw meat containing tissue cysts. here, we report a first case of young patient with cervical ... | 2010 | 19874186 |
| toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in sparrows (passer domesticus) in the northeast of brazil. | toxoplasma gondii is a cosmopolitan protozoan parasite of warm-blooded animals that causes high rates of infection in mammals and birds. sparrows (passer domesticus) are synantropic birds which are distributed worldwide. they serve as intermediate hosts for the parasite but are quite resistant to toxoplasmosis. the aims of this study were to determine the frequency of t. gondii infection in sparrows using serologic and molecular tests, and to investigate related parasites, such as neospora canin ... | 2010 | 19879051 |