Publications

pharmacokinetics of single doses of cefoxitin given by the intravenous and intramuscular routes to unweaned calves.	cefoxitin pharmacokinetics and bioavailability were studied in unweaned calves. the antibiotic was administered to nine calves intravenously (i.v.), to seven calves intramuscularly (i.m.) at 20 mg/kg and to eight calves i.m. at 20 mg/kg together with probenecid at 40 mg/kg. serum concentration versus time data were analysed using statistical moment theory (smt). the i.v. data were also fitted by a linear, open two-compartment model. the elimination half-life (t1/2) was 66.9 +/- 6.9 min (mean +/- ...	1988	3054149
clinical pharmacokinetics of five oral cephalosporins in calves.	the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of cephalexin, cephradine, cefaclor, cefatrizine and cefadroxil for salmonella species, escherichia coli and pasteurella multocida isolated previously from young calves were determined. the mic90 values for cephalexin, cephradine and cefadroxil ranged between 3.12 micrograms ml-1 and 12.5 micrograms ml-1, whereas those of cefatrizine and cefaclor were 3.12 micrograms ml-1 and 0.78 microgram ml-1, respectively. each drug was administered intravenously a ...	1987	3317582
prevention of experimental haemorrhagic septicaemia with a live vaccine.	pasteurella multocida serotype b:3,4 isolated from a fallow deer in england was used as a vaccine to prevent haemorrhagic septicaemia. the deer strain was less virulent for calves than typical serotype b:2 of haemorrhagic septicaemia strains. it elicited antibodies in cattle that protected mice against serotype b:2 infection. the live deer vaccine containing 2 x 10(7) viable organisms per dose was used to immunise calves. six months after vaccination, five of six calves were protected against se ...	1987	3111071
partial purification of an osteolytic toxin from pasteurella multocida.	a protein toxin apparently composed of one polypeptide with an estimated mr of 155,000 was purified from sonicated cells of a type d strain of pasteurella multocida (lfb3) by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) and deae-sephadex a50 chromatography. its specific activity was 150-fold greater than that of the crude extract. the partially purified protein was cytotoxic for embryonic bovine lung cells, lethal for mice and caused turbinate atrophy in gnotobiotic pigs; a single intra ...	1986	3760819
clinical pharmacokinetics of flumequine in calves.	the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of flumequine for 249 salmonella, 126 escherichia coli, and 22 pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from clinical cases of neonatal calf diarrhoea, pneumonia and sudden death was less than or equal to 0.78 microgram/ml. the pharmacokinetics of flumequine in calves was investigated after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral administration. the two-compartment open model was used for the analysis of serum drug concentrations measured afte ...	1986	3522937
properties of dermonecrotic toxin prepared from sonic extracts bordetella bronchiseptica.	a toxin with dermonecrotic activity (dnt) was purified from sonic extracts of bordetella bronchiseptica l3 of pig origin at phase i by chromatographic and electrophoretic methods. the purification procedure was one developed for obtaining the pasteurella multocida dnt from sonic extracts with some modifications. dermonecrotizing activity of b. bronchiseptica-purified dnt was increased by 600-fold compared with that of the crude extract, and the average yield was about 3%. the toxin was homogeneo ...	1986	3699886
characterization and identification of bovine and ovine pasteurellaceae isolated from the oral cavity and rumen of apparently normal cattle and sheep.	reinvestigations of 121 strains previously described as actinobacillus lignieresii showed that only fifteen strains (12%) had phenotypic characters compatible with a. lignieresii sensu stricto. four strains were diagnosed as pasteurella multocida and nine strains as p. haemolytica biogroup 1. the remaining organisms had phenotypic characters compatible with pasteurellaceae, but could not be classified with accepted species. fifty-one of the strains investigated had phenotypic characters allowing ...	1986	3728024
preliminary studies with a live streptomycin-dependent pasteurella multocida and pasteurella haemolytica vaccine for the prevention of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis.	twelve pasteurella-free holstein-friesian calves were used in a study to test the efficacy of a live streptomycin-dependent pasteurella multocida a:3 and streptomycin-dependent pasteurella haemolytica a1 vaccine. the calves were inoculated intramuscularly twice at 14-day intervals with either the streptomycin-dependent vaccine, containing 1 x 10(6) colony forming units/ml p. multocida and 4 x 10(8) colony forming units/ml p. haemolytica, commercial bacterin, or phosphate buffered saline. two wee ...	1985	3907804
clinical pharmacology of apramycin in calves.	the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of apramycin, a unique aminocyclitol antibiotic, were compared with the mic of dihydrostreptomycin and neomycin for 323 salmonella, 178 escherichia coli and twenty-six pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from newborn calves. apramycin exhibited better in vitro anti-bacterial activity than dihydrostreptomycin and neomycin; isolates of salmonella group b and e. coli resistant to the latter were sensitive to apramycin. the two-compartment open model ...	1985	3989905
[biochemical tests for identifying pasteurella multocida].	studied was the biochemical activity of a total of 168 strains of pasteurella--73 isolated from birds (48 from cases of acute fowl cholera, and 25--of chronic cholera), and 95 isolated from mammals (3 from lambs, 24 from pigs, 36 from cattle, and 32 from rabbits) with regard to the tests determining the hemolytic activity, production of indol, reduction of nitrates, breakdown of urea, beta galactosidase activity, production of hydrogen sulfide, ornitin-, arginine-, lysine-decarboxylase-, and pho ...	1984	6528479
protection of chickens by ribosomal vaccines from pasteurella multocida: dependence on homologous lipopolysaccharide.	chickens were protected against fowl cholera by ribosomal vaccines prepared from noncapsulated pasteurella multocida. passive hemagglutination (pha) titers to lipopolysaccharide (lps) and the degree of protection conferred by ribosomal vaccines were diminished or abolished when ribosomes were chromatographed on an immunoadsorbent column. addition of subimmunogenic amounts of serotype 1 (homologous) lps to highly purified ribosomes resulted in vaccines that protected against challenge exposure an ...	1984	6208828
[serological typing of the somatic antigens of pasteurella multocida strains isolated from poultry and mammals].	somatic antigens were used for the serotyping of a total of 80 pasteurella multocida strains isolated from birds with acute and chronic form of cholera as well as from mammals with bronchopneumonia. the investigations made use of the agglutination reaction between factorial sera (0:1, 0:2, 0:3, 0:5, 0:6, 0:8, 0:9, and 0:11) and antigens treated with 1 n hcl. the o-factorial sera behaved specifically after absorption with the respective reference antigens. they showed titers of 1:640 or higher th ...	1984	6204437
effect of aztreonam on the growth of pasteurella multocida in the lung.	specific-pathogen-free icr mice were infected aerogenically with pasteurella multocida and, beginning 1 hour later, were treated with aztreonam (50 mg/kg of body weight). the number of viable bacilli in the lungs, liver, and spleen were determined at intervals for up to 36 hours. aztreonam was bactericidal for growing bacilli in vitro and, when injected 1 and 5 hours after aerogenic exposure, provided greater than 80% protection after dosage at the level of 12.5 mg/kg. below this dosage level, v ...	1984	6375488
effect of type a pasteurella multocida fractions on bovine polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions.	the effect of various pasteurella multocida fractions on bovine polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) functions was examined in vitro by using two encapsulated strains, p-2383 and p-1062 (both are carter capsular type a and of bovine origin). the ability of pmns to ingest staphylococcus aureus and iodinate protein was significantly inhibited in the presence of live cells, heat-killed whole cells, or saline-extracted capsules but not in the presence of the decapsulated heat-killed cells. none of the ...	1984	6690417
nonspecific suppressive effect of bovine herpesvirus type 1 on bovine leukocyte functions.	the effect of bovine herpesvirus type 1 on the specific and nonspecific immune response of calves was examined. animals with or without prior aerosol exposure to pasteurella haemolytica serotype a1 were aerosol challenged with 10(8) pfu of virus. blood and serum samples were taken before and after virus challenge for determining cell-mediated, humoral, and neutrophil responses. a significant depression of the blastogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin, p. haemolytica, and pasteurella multocida ...	1983	6311742
cross-reactivity of haemophilus somnus antibody in agglutination and complement fixation tests and in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	the specificity and sensitivity of agglutination, complement fixation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) procedures in the detection of antibodies to haemophilus somnus was investigated. h. somnus rabbit immune sera were found to agglutinate pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, and haemophilus agni and, in some instances, also pasteurella haemolytica, salmonella dublin, streptococcus agalactiae, and corynebacterium pyogenes. in complement fixation tests with saline extracts ...	1983	6841584
[intrauterine bacterial and mycotic infections in cows].	bacteriologic, mycologic, and serologic investigations of cows and calves and three experiments with rabbits were carried out to shed light on the bacteriology and mycology of the intrauterine infections in cows. the following organisms were isolated from the investigated cows that exhibited disturbances in their reproduction, and had abortions, or gave birth to calves that were affected with diseases or died: escherichia coli (17.84%), association of bacteria (7.64%); vibrio genitalis (3.86%); ...	1983	6880018
[determination of the nucleotide composition of pasteurella multocida strains].	studied was spectrophotometrically the nucleotide composition of dna of pasteurella multocida strains along with studies on the nucleotide base ratio, the molar relations between nucleotide bases, the guanine/cytosine ratio in percent, and the specificity index adenine-tinin/guanine cytosine. the strains used were isolated from birds with various forms of fowl cholera (acute, atypic, and swelling of the wattles), and from calves with bronchopneumonia. used were also mutants that were streptomyci ...	1981	7340107
[identification of pasteurella serotypes by indirect hemagglutination].	the indirect haemagglutination test was used for serological type identification of pasteurella strains. the pasteurella multocida strains were tested by parallel application of antigen production methods (common method plus hyaluronidase treatment). thirty-nine (72.2 per cent) of 54 pasteurella multocida strains, which had been obtained from cattle and swine, were serologically tested by the common technique of antigen production, their types being identified, while 42 (77.7 per cent) were test ...	1981	7283648
[further characterization of lipopolysaccharides from pasteurella multocida].	the biological properties, sedimentation behaviour, and electron-optically visualised structures of lipopolysaccharides from pasteurella multocida were found to be identical with lipopolysaccharides from enterobacteriaceae. hard evidence to the effect that lipopolysaccharides from pasteurella multocida are r-lipopolysaccharides were produced by the composition of monosaccharides together with experiments on the basis of disc electrophoresis.	1981	7247623
biochemical and serological studies of pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle and buffaloes in malaysia.		1981	6793206
orally administered tylosin for the control of pneumonia in neonatal calves.	the effectiveness of orally administered tylosin tartrate for the control of naturally occurring pneumonia was determined in 287 neonatal calves. tylosin tartrate was mixed with reconstituted milk replacer at the time of feeding. daily doses of 1.0 g (0.5 g bid), 2.0 g (1.0 g bid) and 4.0 g (2.0 g bid) were evaluated for periods ranging from seven to 28 days. tylosin at the optimum dose of 2.0 g daily reduced mortality to 12 out of 95 (12.6 per cent) compared to 38 out of 89 (42.7 per cent) in t ...	1980	7445393
biochemical and serological studies on pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle in the sudan.	of 42 strains of pasteurella meltocida isolated from different outbreaks of hemorrhagic septicaemia and from healthy cattle in various parts of the suden, 38 belonged to carters' type b and four to type e. the strain used for vaccine production was type e. with respect to somatic antigen determination, there was some correlation between the results of the gel diffusion and the agglutination tests as most strains reacted with 0 groups 6 antisera in both tests. however, some antigens cross-reacted ...	1979	110516
[effect of aspirin and indomethacin on changes caused by pateurella multocida toxins in calves].	acetylsalicyclic acid acid (50 mg/kg die) and indomethacin (1.5 mg/kg die) were administered to calves three days prior to intravenous application of endotoxin. such treatment resulted in delayed occurence of clinical symptoms and higher survival rates, as compared to untreated controls. parameters relating to coagulation physiology, changed by endotoxin, were not controllable with statistical security by administration of acetylsalicyclic acid indomethacin.	1978	666518
[use of attenuated mutants of pasteurella multocida strain, pathogenic to calves, in experimental mouse model studies. 4. immunogenicity of selected revertants of temperature-sensitive, streptomycin-dependent mutants as potential vaccine strains].	temperature-resistant or streptomycin-independent revertants were isolated from temperature-sensitive or streptomycin-dependent mutants of a pasteurella multocida strain with pathogenicity to calf. the revertants were tested for virulence in mice and for their immunogenicity against wild-strain infection, using 100 times and more of the lethal dose. the following conclusions may be derived from the results thus obtained: 1. most of the fully attenuated streptomycin-independent revertants failed ...	1978	749742
carrier rate of pasteurella multocida in a cattle herd associated with an outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia in the sudan.		1978	98205
[influence of pasteurella multocida and pasteurella-multocida endotoxin on the blood-coagulation-analytic parameter after experimental administration in calves].	experimental administration to calves of pasteurella multocida or the application of an endotoxin preparation of the strain produced continuous decline of thrombocytes, disorders in thrombocytic functions, and the development of hypofibrinogenaemia. the changes recorded as well as the clinical symptoms and pathologico-anatomic findings are interpreted as endotoxin shock.	1977	901129
phycomycosis associated with encephalitis caused by haemophilus somnus in a heifer.	numerous fungal hyphae resembling those of a phycomycete were found in thrombi, vessel walls, and areas of inflammatory cell infiltration within a large focus of necrosis in the brainstem of a 2-year-old heifer. haemophilus somnus and pasteurella multocida were isolated from the same lesion. antemortem hyperglycemia was also demonstrated.	1977	903285
physiologic characteristics of 1,268 cultures of pasteurella multocida.	results of 29 physiologic tests are reported for 1,268 cultures of pasteurella multocida from various hosts over a 10-year period. of the cultures, 97 to 100% fermented galactose, glucose, mannitol, mannose, fructose, and sucrose, produced hydrogen sulfide and indole, and reduced nitrate; 6 to 91% fermented arabinose, glycerol, sorbitol, trehalose and xylose. fermentation of dextrin, dulcitol, inositol, inulin, lactose, maltose, raffinose, rhamnose, and salicin, growth on macconkey agar, change ...	1976	937797
bronchiectasis in yearling feedlot cattle.	thoughout all of 1974, we surveyed, for illnesses and deaths, about 407,000 yearling feedlot cattle. from the 3,943 dead cattle, 1,988 necropsies were made; of the cattle necropsied, 32 (1.6%) had bronchiectasis. in this disease, the permanently dilated small bronchi and bronchioles, located in ventral parts of the lungs, were filled with accumulations of exudate and microorganisms, including pasteurella hemolytica, pasteurella multocida, corynebacterium pyogenes, escherichia coli, salmonella an ...	1976	956033
[murine model for experimental studies on attenuated mutants of a pasteurella multocida strain with pathogenicity for the calf. 1. isolation and biological characterization of streptomycin-dependent mutants (sm-d) and their examination for immunogenicity in comparison with thermally inactivated pathogens].	an experimental study was conducted into the immunisation of mice to a strain of pasteurella multocida with pathogenicity for calf. here are the results: (a) stable sm-d mutants were isolated. (b) the genetic stability of this mutant type was established by unsubstantiable reversion up to the magnitude of 10(-8) or - in cases in which 20 sm-id revertants maximum occurred in 10(-8) sm-d germs--by prolongation of the generation period of these suppressor mutants which can be defined also as minus ...	1976	1035491
isolation of a protective, non-toxic capsular antigen from pasteurella multocida, types b and e.	separation of the capsular antigen and endotoxin from saline extracts of pasteurella multocida type b was achieved by fractional precipitation from aqueous solution by addition of polar organic solvents. biological tests for the presence of endotoxin showed that it was absent from capsular antigen preparations so obtained. properties of the capsular antigen suggested that it was a high molecular weight acidic polysaccharide. the solvent fractionation method was found to be equally applicable to ...	1976	1257631
properties of free endotoxin from pasteurella multocida.	free endotoxin (fet) from virulent encapsulated pasteurella multocida or from an avirulent nonencapsulated mutant is capable of inducing active immunity, but the lipopolysaccharide (lps) moiety of the endotoxin is not. these results suggest that a protein of p multocida is involved in the stimulation of active immunity. the serologic specificity of the fet is associated with the lps moiety, which is related to a heat extracted antigen that is used for serotyping p multocida. the fet is capable o ...	1975	1092224
diverse effects of bursectomy on humoral immune responses in the chicken.	chickens bursectomized hormonally or surgically at various ages in embryonic to postembryonic lives were immunized with a mixture of antigens, and the antibodies produced titrated. immune responses to salmonella pullorum (sp), brucella abortus (ba). staphylococcus aureus (staph) and ovalbumin (oa) were more markedly suppressed by the bursal deprivation than those to heterogenous erythrocytes, viruses and such bacteria as pasteurella multocida (pm) and escherichia coli b. the immune response to b ...	1975	1187514
studies on the occurrence of pasteurella multocida in the nasopharynx of healthy cattle.		1968	5690240
isolation from pasteurella multocida of a lipopolysaccharide antigen with immunizing and toxic properties.	a heat-stable, particulate, lipopolysaccharide-protein antigenic complex has been isolated from a virulent, encapsulated strain of pasteurella multocida by extraction with cold, formalinized saline, and centrifugation at 105,000 x g. the original bacterial culture had been obtained from a bison that died of hemorrhagic septicemia, an infectious disease of cattle and buffalo. injection of fractional milligram amounts of the antigen into mice, rabbits, and calves produced toxic reactions which fre ...	1967	4960160
experimental hemorrhagic septicemia: gross and microscopic lesions resulting from acute infections and from endotoxin administration.	gross and microscopic lesions observed in bovine and porcine hemorrhagic septicemia, and in bovine pasteurella multocida endotoxemia are described. widely distributed hemorrhages, edema, and general hyperemia were the most obvious tissue changes observed in the infected calves. pneumonia was a constant lesion. aerosol exposure produced a multiple focal fibrinosuppurative pneumonia, while intranasal and intramuscular inoculation resulted in generalized interstitial pneumonia. a slight lymphadenit ...	1967	4227916