Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| survival of salmonella typhimurium in poultry-based meat preparations during grilling, frying and baking. | the burden of food-borne diseases still represents a threat to public health; in 2012, the domestic setting accounted for 57.6% of strong-evidence eu food-borne salmonella outbreaks. next to cross-contamination, inadequate cooking procedure is considered as one of the most important factors contributing to food-borne illness. the few studies which have assessed the effect of domestic cooking on the presence and numbers of pathogens in different types of meat have shown that consumer-style cookin ... | 2015 | 25540842 |
| salmonella typhimurium pneumonia in a patient with multiple myeloma. | pneumonia due to non-typhoidal salmonella is a rarely reported entity. a fatal case of salmonella pneumonia is reported here where salmonella typhimurium was isolated from the endotracheal aspirate and blood culture. | 2015 | 25540162 |
| the modular structure of the inner-membrane ring component prgk facilitates assembly of the type iii secretion system basal body. | the type iii secretion system (t3ss) is a large macromolecular assembly found at the surface of many pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. its role is to inject toxic "effector" proteins into the cells of infected organisms. the molecular details of the assembly of this large, multimembrane-spanning complex remain poorly understood. here, we report structural, biochemical, and functional analyses of prgk, an inner-membrane component of the prototypical salmonella typhimurium t3ss. we have obtained ... | 2015 | 25533490 |
| early-life dietary spray-dried plasma influences immunological and intestinal injury responses to later-life salmonella typhimurium challenge. | increasing evidence supports the concept that early-life environmental influences, including nutrition and stress, have an impact on long-term health outcomes and disease susceptibility. the objective of the present study was to determine whether dietary spray-dried plasma (sdp), fed during the first 2 weeks post-weaning (pw), influences subsequent immunological and intestinal injury responses to salmonella typhimurium challenge. a total of thirty-two piglets (age 16-17 d) were weaned onto nurse ... | 2015 | 25671331 |
| natural uv-protective organic matter in thermal water. | medical significance of the organic fractions of natural waters is still poorly understood. nevertheless, there are putative biologically active organic compounds found in natural medical waters and related clay or mud samples. organic fractions of five thermal (spa) water samples of different geochemical origin were tested for photo-biological effects. to study possible effects on the uv sensitivity of salmonella typhimurium ta strains, the organic isolates were applied in the "plate incorporat ... | 2015 | 25662041 |
| simplified low-cost production of o-antigen from salmonella typhimurium generalized modules for membrane antigens (gmma). | the novartis vaccines institute for global health is developing vaccines using outer membrane particles, known as generalized modules for membrane antigens (gmma). these are blebs of outer membrane and periplasm, shed from the surface of living gram-negative bacteria following the targeted deletion of proteins involved in maintaining the integrity of the inner and outer membranes. the current study investigates the use of gmma as starting material for extraction of membrane components, focusing ... | 2015 | 25659926 |
| electroporation of functional bacterial effectors into mammalian cells. | the study of protein interactions in the context of living cells can generate critical information about localization, dynamics, and interacting partners. this information is particularly valuable in the context of host-pathogen interactions. many pathogen proteins function within host cells in a variety of way such as, enabling evasion of the host immune system and survival within the intracellular environment. to study these pathogen-protein host-cell interactions, several approaches are commo ... | 2015 | 25650771 |
| safety evaluation of a triazine compound nitromezuril by assessing bacterial reverse mutation, sperm abnormalities, micronucleus and chromosomal aberration. | nitromezuril (nzl) is a novel triazine compound that exhibits remarkable anticoccidial activity. however, mutagenicity and genotoxicity of nzl have not been evaluated to date. this study evaluated the potential risks of nzl by testing for bacterial reverse mutation (ames), mouse sperm abnormality (sa), bone marrow micronucleus (mn) and chromosomal aberration (ca). mice were orally administered with nzl at 385, 192 and 96 mg/kg, corresponding to 0.5 ×, 0.25 × and 0.125 × the ld50 of nzl, respecti ... | 2015 | 25645284 |
| the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin-bf could be a potential therapeutic for salmonella typhimurium infection. | resistance is increasing to several critical antimicrobials used to treat salmonella typhimurium infection, urging people to search for new antimicrobial agents. in this work, we reported the possibility of a potent antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin-bf found in the venom of the snake bungarus fasciatus in treating salmonella typhimurium infection. we tested its activity in biological fluids and in vivo using a mouse model of salmonella typhimurium infection, and examined the effect of cathelici ... | 2015 | 25644952 |
| s. typhimurium strategies to resist killing by cationic antimicrobial peptides. | s. typhimurium is a broad host range gram-negative pathogen that must evade killing by host innate immune systems to colonize, replicate, cause disease, and be transmitted to other hosts. a major pathogenic strategy of salmonellae is entrance, survival, and replication within eukaryotic cell phagocytic vacuoles. these phagocytic vacuoles and gastrointestinal mucosal surfaces contain multiple cationic antimicrobial peptides (camps) which control invading bacteria. s. typhimurium possesses several ... | 2015 | 25644871 |
| oxidation of acenaphthene and acenaphthylene by human cytochrome p450 enzymes. | acenaphthene and acenaphthylene, two known environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah)pollutants, were incubated at 50 μm concentrations in a standard reaction mixture with human p450s 2a6, 2a13, 1b1,1a2, 2c9, and 3a4, and the oxidation products were determined using hplc and lc-ms. hplc analysis showed that p450 2a6 converted acenaphthene and acenaphthylene to several mono- and dioxygenated products. lc-ms analysis of acenaphthene oxidation by p450s indicated the formation of1-acenaphth ... | 2015 | 25642975 |
| toxicological assessment and management options for boat pressure-washing wastewater. | boats are washed periodically for maintenance in order to remove biofoulants from hulls, which results in the generation of wastewater. this study aimed at evaluating the cyto/genotoxic and mutagenic properties of wastewater produced by pressure washing of boats. the chemical characterisation of this wastewater showed that cu, zn, v, cr, fe, pb, and select organic contaminants exceeded the maximum allowable values from 1.7 up to 96 times. the wastewater produced negative effects on human lymphoc ... | 2015 | 25638522 |
| comparative genomics study of salmonella typhimurium lt2 for the identification of putative therapeutic candidates. | a computational, comparative genomics workflow was defined for the identification of novel therapeutic candidates against salmonella typhimurium lt2, with the aim that the selected targets should be essential to the pathogen, and have no homology with the human host. bioinformatics analysis identified 43 proteins as non-host essential, which could serve as potential drug and vaccine targets. additional prioritization parameters characterized 13 proteins as vaccine candidates while druggability o ... | 2015 | 25637765 |
| cysb-dependent upregulation of the salmonella typhimurium cysjih operon in response to antimicrobial compounds that induce oxidative stress. | it has been proposed that some antibiotics exert additional damage through reactive oxygen species (ros) production. since h₂s protects neurons and cardiac muscle from oxidative stress, it has been hypothesized that bacterial h₂s might, similarly, be a cellular protector against antibiotics. in enterobacteriaceae, h₂s can be produced by the cysjih pathway, which uses sulfate as the sulfur source. cysb, in turn, is a positive regulator of cysjih. at present, the role of s. typhimurium cysjih oper ... | 2015 | 25637663 |
| dissecting peroxiredoxin catalysis: separating binding, peroxidation, and resolution for a bacterial ahpc. | peroxiredoxins make up a ubiquitous family of cysteine-dependent peroxidases that reduce hydroperoxide or peroxynitrite substrates through formation of a cysteine sulfenic acid (r-soh) at the active site. in the 2-cys peroxiredoxins, a second (resolving) cysteine reacts with the sulfenic acid to form a disulfide bond. for all peroxiredoxins, structural rearrangements in the vicinity of the active site cysteine(s) are necessary to allow disulfide bond formation and subsequent reductive recycling. ... | 2015 | 25633283 |
| chemical characteristics and mutagenic activity of pm₂.₅ at a site in the indo-gangetic plain, india. | airborne fine particulate matter pm2.5 was collected from may 2010 to december 2012 at agra, a semi-urban site in north-central india. pm2.5 samples were chemically characterized for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography. pm2.5 values varied between 8.4 and 300 µg m(-3) with 55% of the values exceeding the 24h average naaq (national ambient air quality) standard of 65 µg m(-3). particle associated total pahs ranged between 8.9 and 2,065 ng m(-3) with a mean value of 880.8 ng ... | 2015 | 25617830 |
| intraperitoneal administration of tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r inhibits disseminated human ovarian cancer and extends survival in nude mice. | peritoneal disseminated cancer is highly treatment resistant. we here report the efficacy of intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r in a nude mouse model of disseminated human ovarian cancer. the mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of the human ovarian cancer cell line skov3-gfp. seven days after implantation, mice were treated with s. typhimurium a1-r via intravenous (i.v.) or i.p. administration at the same dose, 5 × 10(7) cfu, ... | 2015 | 25957417 |
| in vitro real-time measurement of the intra-bacterial redox potential. | all bacteria that live in oxygenated environments have to deal with oxidative stress caused by some form of exogenous or endogenous reactive oxygen species (ros) (imlay, 2013). large quantities of ros damage dna, lipids and proteins which can eventually lead to bacterial cell death (imlay, 2013). in contrast, smaller quantities of ros can play more sophisticated roles in cellular signalling pathways affecting almost every process in the bacterial cell e.g. metabolism, stress responses, transcrip ... | 2015 | 27617271 |
| neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of a novel non-thiazolidinedione pparγ agonist in vitro and in mptp-treated mice. | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (ppar)γ is a potential pharmacological target for disease-modification in parkinson's disease (pd), mainly acting by modulating the neuroinflammatory response. however, currently available agonists thiazolidinediones (tzds) present limitations due to safety concerns. we evaluated a novel thiobarbituric-like compound mdg548, which acts as a functional pparγ agonist displaying higher and selective binding affinity as compared to tzds. neuroprotection by m ... | 2015 | 25907448 |
| nanoparticle albumin-bound-paclitaxel: a limited improvement under the current therapeutic paradigm of pancreatic cancer. | nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel is paclitaxel linked to albumin nanoparticles, which makes it soluble and is an example of an application of nanotechnology for cancer treatment. the development of nanotechnology as a delivery system for nab-paclitaxel has improved the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of paclitaxel, in part by decreasing its hydrophobicity. nab-paclitaxel in combination with gemcitabine has slightly improved survival in pancreatic cancer, compared to gemcitabine ... | 2015 | 25887245 |
| polymorphonuclear leukocyte apoptosis is accelerated by sulfatides or sulfatides-treated salmonella typhimurium bacteria. | neutrophils die by apoptosis following activation and uptake of microbes or enter apoptosis spontaneously at the end of their lifespan if they do not encounter a pathogen. here we report that sulfatides or sulfatides-treated salmonella typhimurium bacteria accelerated human neutrophil apoptosis. neutrophil apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. sulfatides caused prominent increase in percentage of apoptotic cells after 2.5 hrs of incubation. salmonella typhimurium bacteria by themselves did n ... | 2015 | 25883957 |
| motility modulation by the small non-coding rna sroc in salmonella typhimurium. | bacterial regulatory networks of gene expression include the interaction of diverse types of molecules such as the small non-coding rnas (srnas) and their cognate messenger rnas (mrnas). in this study, we demonstrated that the salmonella typhimurium srna sroc is significantly expressed between the late-exponential and stationary phase of growth in an rpos-dependent manner. the expression of flagellar genes predicted as targets of this srna was quantitatively analyzed in both a δsroc mutant and a ... | 2015 | 26293911 |
| salmonella induces pd-l1 expression in b cells. | salmonella persists for a long time in b cells; however, the mechanism(s) through which infected b cells avoid effector cd8 t cell responses has not been characterized. in this study, we show that salmonella infects and survives within all b1 and b2 cell subpopulations. b cells are infected with a salmonella typhimurium strain expressing an ovalbumin (ova) peptide (siinfekl) to evaluate whether b cells process and present salmonella antigens in the context of mhc-i molecules. our data showed tha ... | 2015 | 26292028 |
| the safety of a dry spearmint extract in vitro and in vivo. | a proprietary dry spearmint extract containing 15.4% rosmarinic acid was assessed in a 90-day study with sprague-dawley rats that were gavaged at 0, 422 (low), 844 (mid), or 1948 (high) mg dry spearmint extract/kg bw/day, (equivalent to 0, 65, 130, or 300 mg rosmarinic acid/kg bw/day, respectively). no treatment-related clinical signs or adverse effects were observed in body weight, feed consumption, neurological parameters, hematology, clinical chemistry, gross pathology, and histopathology. ho ... | 2015 | 25527048 |
| lactoylglutathione lyase, a critical enzyme in methylglyoxal detoxification, contributes to survival of salmonella in the nutrient rich environment. | glyoxalase i which is synonymously known as lactoylglutathione lyase is a critical enzyme in methylglyoxal (mg) detoxification. we assessed the stm3117 encoded lactoylglutathione lyase (lgl) of salmonella typhimurium, which is known to function as a virulence factor, due in part to its ability to detoxify methylglyoxal. we found that stm3117 encoded lgl isomerises the hemithioacetal adduct of mg and glutathione (gsh) into s-lactoylglutathione. lgl was observed to be an outer membrane bound prote ... | 2015 | 25517857 |
| extending the gamma concept to non-thermal inactivation: a dynamic model to predict the fate of salmonella during the dried sausages process. | the process of dried fermented sausages is recognized to be favourable to the reduction of the salmonella population. the objective of this study was to develop a model describing the evolution of salmonella during the fabrication process of dried sausages and to optimize the food formulation to prevent pathogen presence at the end of the process. an experimental design was set to investigate the effects of the fermentation and drying process for several formulations, taking into account the typ ... | 2015 | 25500392 |
| two nitro derivatives of azabenzo[a]pyrene n-oxide: electronic properties and their relation to mutagenic activity. | the equilibrium geometries, relative energies, ir and raman spectra, vertical ionization potentials (ip), vertical electron affinities (ea), dipole moments (μ), electronic dipole polarizabilities (α), and molecular electrostatic potentials (mep) of two species that show very high mutagenicity, 1-nitro-6-azabenzo[a]pyrene n-oxide (1-n-6-abpo) and 3-nitro-6-azabenzo[a]pyrene n-oxide (3-n-6-abpo), are investigated by means of density functional theory (dft) using b3lyp functional with different bas ... | 2015 | 25497021 |
| lactoferrin causes iga and igg2b isotype switching through betaglycan binding and activation of canonical tgf-β signaling. | lactoferrin (lf), a pleiotropic iron-binding glycoprotein, is known to modulate the humoral immune response. however, its exact role in ig synthesis has yet to be elucidated. in this study, we investigated the effect of lf on ig production by mouse b cells and its underlying mechanisms. lf, like transforming growth factor (tgf)-β1, stimulated b cells to produce iga and igg2b, while downregulating other isotypes. using limiting dilution analysis, lf was shown to increase the frequency of iga-secr ... | 2015 | 25492477 |
| monitoring hospital wastewaters for their probable genotoxicity and mutagenicity. | cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. excluding the genetic factors, environmental factors, mainly the pollutants, have been implicated in the causation of the majority of cancers. wastewater originated from health-care sectors such as hospitals may carry vast amounts of carcinogenic and genotoxic chemicals to surface waters or any other source of drinking water, if discharged untreated. humans get exposed to such contaminants through a variety of ways including drinking water. the aim o ... | 2015 | 25487460 |
| mixed culture biofilms of salmonella typhimurium and cultivable indigenous microorganisms on lettuce show enhanced resistance of their sessile cells to cold oxygen plasma. | control of foodborne pathogens in fresh produce is crucial for food safety, and numerous salmonella typhimurium (st) outbreaks have been reported already. the present study was done to assess effectiveness of cold oxygen plasma (cop) against biofilms of st mixed with cultivable indigenous microorganisms (cim). st and cim were grown at 15 °c as monocultures and mixed cultures for planktonic state, biofilm on stainless steel, and lettuce leaves. thereafter, the samples were treated with cop and su ... | 2015 | 25475308 |
| immuno-capture and in situ detection of salmonella typhimurium on a novel microfluidic chip. | the new method presented in this article achieved the goal of capturing salmonella typhimurium via immunoreaction and rapid in situ detection of the cdse/zns quantum dots (qds) labeled s. typhimurium by self-assembly light-emitting diode-induced fluorescence detection (lif) microsystem on a specially designed multichannel microfluidic chip. cdse/zns qds were used as fluorescent markers improving detection sensitivity. the microfluidic chip developed in this study was composed of 12 sample channe ... | 2015 | 25467522 |
| steady-state kinetics and spectroscopic characterization of enzyme-trna interactions for the non-heme diiron trna-monooxygenase, miae. | miae [2-methylthio-n(6)-isopentenyl-adenosine(37)-trna monooxygenase] isolated from salmonella typhimurium is a unique non-heme diiron enzyme that catalyzes the o2-dependent post-transcriptional allylic hydroxylation of a hypermodified nucleotide (ms(2)i(6)a37) at position 37 of selected trna molecules to produce 2-methylthio-n(6)-(4-hydroxyisopentenyl)-adenosine(37). in this work, isopentenylated trna substrates for miae were produced from small rna oligomers corresponding to the anticodon stem ... | 2015 | 25453905 |
| safety assessment of dietary bamboo charcoal powder: a 90-day subchronic oral toxicity and mutagenicity studies. | vegetable carbon has been used as food additive in eu (e153) and china for many years; however, no experimental data have been available on its dietary safety. this study was designed to evaluate the subchronic toxicity and genotoxicity of bamboo charcoal powder (bcp). in the study of subchronic oral toxicity, bcp was administered orally at doses of 2.81, 5.62, and 11.24 g/kg bw for 90 days to sd rats. additional satellite groups from the control group and high dose group were observed for a 28- ... | 2015 | 25445512 |
| from the bench to modeling--r0 at the interface between empirical and theoretical approaches in epidemiology of environmentally transmitted infectious diseases. | for environmentally transmitted infectious diseases (etids), which spread through the contaminated environment (such as foods, surfaces and fomites), there is a lack of consensus about the mathematical approach to derive r0, leading to inconsistent predictions about the spread and control of these infections in their host populations. the objective of this study was to explain three current, though conflicting, approaches to derive a theoretical expression for r0 for etids and assess their valid ... | 2015 | 25441048 |
| expression of periplasmic chaperones in salmonella typhimurium reduces its viability in vivo. | the efficacy of live attenuated bacterial vectors is dependent upon the fine-tuning of a strain's immunogenicity and its virulence. strains are often engineered to deliver heterologous antigens, but soluble expression of recombinant proteins can be troublesome. therefore, secretion systems or chaperone proteins are routinely used to assist in attaining high levels of functional, soluble protein production. however, the effects of chaperone expression on the virulence of attenuated bacterial vect ... | 2015 | 25432864 |
| fitness of salmonella mutants resistant to antimicrobial peptides. | to examine the effects of mutations in the waay, phop and pmrb genes, which confer resistance to antimicrobial peptides (amps), on fitness of salmonella typhimurium. | 2015 | 25362575 |
| differences in the antibacterial activity of nisin and bovicin hc5 against salmonella typhimurium under different temperature and ph conditions. | to compare the action of nisin and bovicin hc5 in combination with edta on salmonella typhimurium under different environmental conditions. | 2015 | 25358073 |
| effect of chitosan coating on a bacteria-based alginate microrobot. | to develop an efficient bacteria-based microrobot, first, therapeutic bacteria should be encapsulated into microbeads using biodegradable and biocompatible materials; second, the releasing rate of the encapsulated bacteria for theragnostic function should be regulated; and finally, flagellated bacteria should be attached on the microbeads to ensure the motility of the microrobot. for the therapeutic bacteria encapsulation, an alginate can be a promising candidate as a biodegradable and biocompat ... | 2015 | 25312282 |
| expression of homologous rnd efflux pump genes is dependent upon acrb expression: implications for efflux and virulence inhibitor design. | enterobacteriaceae have multiple efflux pumps that confer intrinsic resistance to antibiotics. acrb mediates clinically relevant multidrug resistance and is required for virulence and biofilm formation, making it an attractive target for the design of inhibitors. the aim of this study was to assess the viability of single transporters as a target for efflux inhibition using salmonella typhimurium as the model pathogen. | 2015 | 25288678 |
| safety and toxicological evaluation of a novel, fermented, peptide-enriched, hydrolyzed swine placenta extract powder. | placenta is an important organ that connects the developing fetus to allow nutrient uptake, antibody provisions and gas exchange via the blood supply of the mother. we developed a novel, standardized, stable, water-soluble, peptide-enriched hydrolyzed, horus fermented placenta powder (hfpep) from healthy, pathogen-free, swine placenta. earlier studies demonstrated that hfpep significantly improves physical fatigue, hepatic functions and repair of muscle fibers. we examined the broad safety of hf ... | 2015 | 25266486 |
| direct attachment of nanoparticle cargo to salmonella typhimurium membranes designed for combination bacteriotherapy against tumors. | nanoparticle technology is an emerging approach to resolve difficult-to-manage internal diseases. it is highly regarded, in particular, for medical use in treatment of cancer due to the innate ability of certain nanoparticles to accumulate in the porous environment of tumors and to be toxic to cancer cells. however, the therapeutic success of nanoparticles is limited by the technical difficulty of fully penetrating and thus attacking the tumor. additionally, while nanoparticles possess seeming-s ... | 2015 | 25253255 |
| quantitative proteomic identification of host factors involved in the salmonella typhimurium infection cycle. | quantitative proteomics, based on stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (silac), can be used to identify host proteins involved in the intracellular interplay with pathogens. this method allows identification of proteins subject to degradation or upregulation in response to intracellular infection. it can also be used to study intracellular dynamics (trafficking) of proteins in response to the infection. here, we describe the analysis of changes in protein profiles determined in ... | 2015 | 25253246 |
| inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts from miracle fruit leaves on mutation and oxidative damage. | this study investigated the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts from miracle fruit leaves (aml) on mutation and oxidative damage. the results showed that aml in the range of 1-5mg/plate inhibited the mutagenicity of 2-aminoanthracene (2-aa), an indirect mutagen, and 4-nitroquinoline-n-oxide (4-nqo), a direct mutagen toward salmonella typhimurium ta 98 and ta 100. on the other hand, aml in the range of 0.05-0.2mg/ml showed radical scavenging, reducing activities, liposome protection as well as ... | 2015 | 25236245 |
| endovascular treatment of an iliac artery rupture caused by invasive salmonella spondylodiscitis. | the rate of non-typhoid salmonella infections has increased remarkably in recent years. endovascular system infection is one of the most serious forms of extraintestinal salmonella infection. the abdominal aorta is frequently involved, while bone and joint involvement are rarely seen. we present a rare case of successful endovascular treatment of a left iliac artery rupture and pseudoaneurysm both occurring due to the direct invasion of lumbar spondylodiscitis caused by salmonella typhimurium. | 2014 | 25230272 |
| tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r prevents experimental human breast cancer bone metastasis in nude mice. | bone metastasis is a lethal and morbid late stage of breast cancer that is currently treatment resistant. more effective mouse models and treatment are necessary. high bone-metastatic variants of human breast cancer cells were selected in nude mice by cardiac injection. after cardiac injection of a high bone-metastatic variant of breast cancer, all untreated mice had bone metastases compared to only 20% with parental cells. treatment with tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r completely pr ... | 2014 | 25216526 |
| innate lymphoid cells regulate intestinal epithelial cell glycosylation. | fucosylation of intestinal epithelial cells, catalyzed by fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2), is a major glycosylation mechanism of host-microbiota symbiosis. commensal bacteria induce epithelial fucosylation, and epithelial fucose is used as a dietary carbohydrate by many of these bacteria. however, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate the induction of epithelial fucosylation are unknown. here, we show that type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ilc3) induced intestinal epithelial fut2 expressio ... | 2014 | 25214634 |
| systemic responses of balb/c mice to salmonella typhimurium infection. | salmonella typhimurium is a bacterial pathogen that poses a great threat to humans and animals. in order to discover hosts' responses to s. typhimurium infection, we collected and analyzed biofluids and organ tissues from mice which had ingested s. typhimurium. we employed (1)h nmr spectroscopy coupled with multivariate data analysis and immunological techniques. the results indicate that infection leads to a severe impact on mice spleen and ileum, which are characterized by splenomegaly and ede ... | 2014 | 25209111 |
| nutritional iron turned inside out: intestinal stress from a gut microbial perspective. | iron is abundantly present on earth, essential for most microorganisms and crucial for human health. human iron deficiency that is nevertheless highly prevalent in developing regions of the world can be effectively treated by oral iron administration. accumulating evidence indicates that excess of unabsorbed iron that enters the colonic lumen causes unwanted side effects at the intestinal host-microbiota interface. the chemical properties of iron, the luminal environment and host iron withdrawal ... | 2014 | 25205464 |
| antityphoid and radical scavenging properties of the methanol extracts and compounds from the aerial part of paullinia pinnata. | paullinia pinnata linn (sapindaceae) is a medicinal plant, locally used in the west region of cameroon for the treatment of typhoid fever. this work was designed to evaluate the antityphoid and antioxidant activities of the extracts and compounds of p. pinnata. the methanol extracts of the leaves and stems were tested for antityphoid and antioxidant activities. compounds were isolated, and their structures elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data in conjuction with literature data and tested ... | 2014 | 25279277 |
| genotoxicity assessment of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with different particle sizes and surface coatings. | magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ionps) have been widely used for various biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery. however, their potential toxic effects, including genotoxicity, need to be thoroughly understood. in the present study, the genotoxicity of ionps with different particle sizes (10, 30 nm) and surface coatings (peg, pei) were assessed using three standard genotoxicity assays, the salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay (ames test), the in ... | 2014 | 25274166 |
| the ubiquitin-like modifier fat10 decorates autophagy-targeted salmonella and contributes to salmonella resistance in mice. | bacterial invasion of eukaryotic cells is counteracted by cell-autonomous innate immune mechanisms including xenophagy. the decoration of cytosolic bacteria by ubiquitylation and binding of galectin-8 leads to recruitment of autophagy adaptors like p62 (also known as sqstm1), ndp52 (also known as calcoco2) and optineurin, which initiate the destruction of bacteria by xenophagy. here, we show that the functionally barely characterized ifnγ- and tnfα-inducible ubiquitin-like modifier fat10 (also k ... | 2014 | 25271057 |
| genotoxic potential and in vitro tumour-promoting potential of 2-dodecylcyclobutanone and 2-tetradecylcyclobutanone, two radiolytic products of fatty acids. | the dna-damaging and tumour-promoting effects of two 2-alkylcyclobutanones (2-acbs), which are found in irradiated fat-containing foods, were investigated by use of the comet assay and in an azoxymethane (aom)-induced colon-carcinogenesis study in rats, respectively. we conducted genotoxicity tests of 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (2-ddcb) and 2-tetradecylcyclobutanone (2-tdcb) according to the test guidelines for chemicals or drugs. in addition, a cell-transformation assay with bhas 42 cells was perfo ... | 2014 | 25344170 |
| adaboost based multi-instance transfer learning for predicting proteome-wide interactions between salmonella and human proteins. | pathogen-host protein-protein interaction (ppi) plays an important role in revealing the underlying pathogenesis of viruses and bacteria. the need of rapidly mapping proteome-wide pathogen-host interactome opens avenues for and imposes burdens on computational modeling. for salmonella typhimurium, only 62 interactions with human proteins are reported to date, and the computational modeling based on such a small training data is prone to yield model overfitting. in this work, we propose a multi-i ... | 2014 | 25330226 |
| pmqr genes oqxab and aac(6')ib-cr accelerate the development of fluoroquinolone resistance in salmonella typhimurium. | emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium strains, especially the acssut and nalidixic acid r types, has significantly compromised the effectiveness of current strategies to control salmonella infections, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. clinical s. typhimurium isolates recovered in hong kong during the period of 2005-2011 were increasingly resistant to ciprofloxacin (cip) and antibiotics of the acssut group. our data revealed that oqxab and aac(6')ib-cr were encoded ... | 2014 | 25324840 |
| mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts of thai northern purple rice. | purple rice (oryza sativa l. var. indica) cv. kum doisaket is cultivated in northern thailand. this study evaluated the mutagenic and antimutagenic properties of hydrophilic and lipophilic components of purple rice using the ames test. the seed and hull of purple rice were extracted with hexane, methanol, ethanol, and water. the methanol extracts had the highest amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids, while the hexane extracts contained large amount of tocols and γ-oryzanol. none of the extrac ... | 2014 | 25422249 |
| preparation of nano/submicrometer ganoderma tsugae and its mutagenic potencies and cytotoxicity. | this study explored the feasibility of preparing nano/submicrometer particles from ganoderma tsugae to enhance the contents of bioactive compounds and to assess its mutagenic potencies and cytotoxicity. hot-water extract, a common product, was employed as a reference. after 3 h of media milling, almost all of the particles were smaller than 1 μm with a number-mean diameter of 0.11 μm. there were about 62% particles smaller than 0.1 μm in terms of number of particles. scanning electron microscopy ... | 2014 | 25406501 |
| efficacy of tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r in combination with anti-angiogenesis therapy on a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (pdox) and cell line mouse models. | the aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r treatment following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) therapy on vegf-positive human pancreatic cancer. a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (pdox) that was vegf-positive and an orthotopic vegf-positive human pancreatic cancer cell line (miapaca-2-gfp) as well as a vegf-negative cell line (panc-1) were tested. nude mice with these tumors were treated with gemci ... | 2014 | 25402324 |
| targeted deletion of the ara operon of salmonella typhimurium enhances l-arabinose accumulation and drives pbad-promoted expression of anti-cancer toxins and imaging agents. | tumor-specific expression of antitumor drugs can be achieved using attenuated salmonella typhimurium harboring the pbad promoter, which is induced by l-arabinose. however, l-arabinose does not accumulate because it is metabolized to d-xylulose-5-p by enzymes encoded by the ara operon in salmonellae. to address this problem, we developed an engineered strain of s. typhimurium in which the ara operon is deleted. linear dna transformation was performed using λ red recombinase to exchange the ara op ... | 2014 | 25486570 |
| tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r decoys quiescent cancer cells to cycle as visualized by fucci imaging and become sensitive to chemotherapy. | quiescent cancer cells are resistant to cytotoxic agents which target only proliferating cancer cells. time-lapse imaging demonstrated that tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r (a1-r) decoyed cancer cells in monolayer culture and in tumor spheres to cycle from g0/g1 to s/g2/m, as demonstrated by fluorescence ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (fucci) imaging. a1-r infection of fucci-expressing subcutaneous tumors growing in nude mice also decoyed quiescent cancer cells, which were ... | 2014 | 25483077 |
| toxicological assessment of kretek cigarettes part 6: the impact of ingredients added to kretek cigarettes on smoke chemistry and in vitro toxicity. | mainstream smoke (ms) from experimental kretek cigarettes with three ingredient mixes at low (typical use level) and high (2.5 or 3 times that level) inclusion rates was compared to a control kretek cigarette of identical construction (cloves and humectants), but without the addition of ingredients. 350 ingredients, commonly used in various combinations and in a limited number in a given brand in the manufacture of marketed kretek cigarettes were assessed. the ms composition of the kretek cigare ... | 2014 | 25496764 |
| α-hexylcinnamaldehyde inhibits the genotoxicity of environmental pollutants in the bacterial reverse mutation assay. | the antimutagenicity of α-hexylcinnamaldehyde (1), a semisynthetic and more stable derivative of cinnamaldehyde, was evaluated against common environmental pollutants in the bacterial reverse mutation assay. the pre-, co-, and post-treatment protocols were applied to assess the involvement of desmutagenic and/or bioantimutagenic mechanisms. compound 1 (9-900 μm) produced a strong antimutagenicity (>40% inhibition) in the salmonella typhimurium ta98 strain against the nitroarenes 2-nitrofluorene ... | 2014 | 25494477 |
| granulocytes impose a tight bottleneck upon the gut luminal pathogen population during salmonella typhimurium colitis. | topological, chemical and immunological barriers are thought to limit infection by enteropathogenic bacteria. however, in many cases these barriers and their consequences for the infection process remain incompletely understood. here, we employed a mouse model for salmonella colitis and a mixed inoculum approach to identify barriers limiting the gut luminal pathogen population. mice were infected via the oral route with wild type s. typhimurium (s. tm) and/or mixtures of phenotypically identical ... | 2014 | 25522364 |
| antimutagenic effects of aqueous fraction of myristica fragrans (houtt.) leaves on salmonella typhimurium and mus musculus. | natural plant extracts offer a promising hope in the prevention/treatment of cancer arising from genetic mutations. this study evaluated in vitro and in vivo mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of aqueous fraction of myristica fragrans (afmf) leaves on ta100 strain of salmonella typhimurium and mus musculus (male swiss albino mice), respectively. the antioxidant activity of afmf against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined, followed by its p ... | 2014 | 25520963 |
| inhibition of spontaneous and experimental lung metastasis of soft-tissue sarcoma by tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r. | prognosis of patients with lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor. therefore, novel systemic therapy is needed to improve the survival of soft-tissue sarcoma. in the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of salmonella typhimurium, termed a1-r, was evaluated. mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma and spontaneous lung metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-muscular injection of ht1080-rfp human fibrosarcoma cells. s. typhimu ... | 2014 | 25528763 |
| antimutagenic and anticancer activity of al madinah alhasawy mint (mentha longifolia) leaves extract. | mentha is one of the genera of lamiaceae family. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimutagenic and anticancer activity of the water and methanolic extract of alhasawy mint (mentha longifolia), that grown in madina province, western region, saudi arabia using three different bioassays namely; brine shrimp bioassay, ames mutagenicity bioassay using 3 hist-salmonella typhimurium strains of different mutations (ta98, ta97 and ta100) and 2 reference mutagenic drugs nitrosopiperidine ... | 2014 | 26027170 |
| impact of conjugation chemistry on the immunogenicity of s. typhimurium conjugate vaccines. | salmonella typhimurium is major cause of invasive nontyphoidal salmonella disease in africa. conjugation of s. typhimurium o-antigen to an appropriate carrier protein constitutes a possible strategy for the development of a vaccine against this disease, for which no vaccines are currently available. the conjugation chemistry used is one of the parameters that can affect the immunogenicity of glycoconjugate vaccines. herein different glycoconjugates were synthesized to investigate the impact of t ... | 2014 | 25192974 |
| identification of the ligand in the structure of the protein with unknown function stm4435 from salmonella typhimurium. | the unidentified ligand, which is present in the crystal of the protein with unknown function stm4435 from salmonella typhimurium, was identified using a combination of high-resolution x-ray crystallography and accurate-mass time-of-flight mass spectrometry. the identified glycerol was present as a component of the solutions used for the isolation and crystallization of the protein and serves as the ligand mimicking the natural metabolite, presumably, 2-keto-myo-isonitol, which is indicative of ... | 2014 | 25172330 |
| bistable expression of virulence genes in salmonella leads to the formation of an antibiotic-tolerant subpopulation. | phenotypic heterogeneity can confer clonal groups of organisms with new functionality. a paradigmatic example is the bistable expression of virulence genes in salmonella typhimurium, which leads to phenotypically virulent and phenotypically avirulent subpopulations. the two subpopulations have been shown to divide labor during s. typhimurium infections. here, we show that heterogeneous virulence gene expression in this organism also promotes survival against exposure to antibiotics through a bet ... | 2014 | 25136970 |
| antibiotic treatment selects for cooperative virulence of salmonella typhimurium. | antibiotics are powerful therapeutics but are not equally effective against all cells in bacterial populations. bacteria that express an antibiotic-tolerant phenotype ("persisters") can evade treatment [1]. persisters can cause relapses of the infection after the end of the therapy [2]. it is still poorly understood whether persistence affects the evolution of bacterial virulence. during infections, persisters have been found preferentially at particular sites within the host [3, 4]. if bacteria ... | 2014 | 25131673 |
| epithelium-intrinsic naip/nlrc4 inflammasome drives infected enterocyte expulsion to restrict salmonella replication in the intestinal mucosa. | the gut mucosal epithelium separates the host from the microbiota, but enteropathogens such as salmonella typhimurium (s.tm) can invade and breach this barrier. defenses against such acute insults remain incompletely understood. using a murine model of salmonella enterocolitis, we analyzed mechanisms limiting pathogen loads in the epithelium during early infection. although the epithelium-invading s.tm replicate initially, this intraepithelial replicative niche is restricted by expulsion of infe ... | 2014 | 25121751 |
| limited role for asc and nlrp3 during in vivo salmonella typhimurium infection. | the inflammasome is an intracellular protein complex triggered by exposure to intracellular pathogens, its components or other endogenous proteins. it leads to the activation of and subsequent release of proinflammatory cytokines such as il-1β and il-18. s. typhimurium is a gram-negative intracellular bacterium, which is known to trigger inflammasome assembly via recognition by the cytosolic receptors, nlrp3 and nlrc4 (which act via the adaptor protein, asc) to induce cell death and cytokine rel ... | 2014 | 25115174 |
| evaluation of the biological activity of novel monocationic fluoroaryl-2,2'-bichalcophenes and their analogues. | a series of bichalcophene fluorobenzamidines 5a-e was synthesized from the corresponding mononitriles 4a-e via a direct reaction with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide lin(tms)2 followed by de-protection with ethanolic hcl (gas). bichalcophene fluorobenzonitriles 4a-e were prepared adopting a stille coupling reaction between the bromo compounds 3a-c and 2-(tri-n-butylstannyl)furan or analogues. as an approach to drug discovery, the structure-antimutagenicity relationship of novel fluoroarylbichal ... | 2014 | 25114506 |
| effect of simulated gastrointestinal conditions on biofilm formation by salmonella 1,4,[5],12:i:-. | salmonella typhimurium 1,4,[5],12:i:- is a major serovar responsible for human salmonellosis whose biofilm-forming ability, influenced by environmental conditions like those found in the gastrointestinal tract, is one of the main contributing factors to its ability to persist in the host and thus one of the main causes of chronic relapsing infections. most studies to evaluate biofilm formation are performed in microtiter assays using standard media. however, no reports are available on the abili ... | 2014 | 25093197 |
| pre- and post-processing workflow for affinity purification mass spectrometry data. | the reliable detection of protein-protein interactions by affinity purification mass spectrometry (ap-ms) is crucial for the understanding of biological processes. quantitative information can be used to separate truly interacting proteins from false-positives by contrasting counts of proteins binding to specific baits with counts of negative controls. several approaches have been proposed for computing scores for potential interaction proteins, for example, the commonly used saint software. how ... | 2014 | 24641689 |
| oxidative metabolism enables salmonella evasion of the nlrp3 inflammasome. | microbial infection triggers assembly of inflammasome complexes that promote caspase-1-dependent antimicrobial responses. inflammasome assembly is mediated by members of the nucleotide binding domain leucine-rich repeat (nlr) protein family that respond to cytosolic bacterial products or disruption of cellular processes. flagellin injected into host cells by invading salmonella induces inflammasome activation through nlrc4, whereas nlrp3 is required for inflammasome activation in response to mul ... | 2014 | 24638169 |
| effect of egg washing and correlation between eggshell characteristics and egg penetration by various salmonella typhimurium strains. | salmonella is an important foodborne pathogen, causing an estimated 11,992 cases of infection in australia per year. egg or egg product related salmonellosis is a major concern for the egg industry. worldwide, s. typhimurium is one of the most common serovars identified in salmonella food poisoning cases. the current study investigated the ability of five s. typhimurium strains to penetrate washed and unwashed eggs using whole egg and agar egg penetration methods. all s. typhimurium strains were ... | 2014 | 24621821 |
| intermittent fasting promotes bacterial clearance and intestinal iga production in salmonella typhimurium-infected mice. | the impact of intermittent fasting versus ad libitum feeding during salmonella typhimurium infection was evaluated in terms of duodenum iga levels, bacterial clearance and intestinal and extra-intestinal infection susceptibility. mice that were intermittently fasted for 12 weeks or fed ad libitum were infected with s. typhimurium and assessed at 7 and 14 days post-infection. next, we evaluated bacterial load in the faeces, peyer's patches, spleen and liver by plate counting, as well as total and ... | 2014 | 24612255 |
| tumor-specific delivery of histidine-rich glycoprotein suppresses tumor growth and metastasis by anti-angiogenesis and vessel normalization. | histidine-proline-rich glycoprotein (hprg) is a plasma protein of vertebrates, which has potent antiangiogenic and tumor vessel normalization properties. attenuated salmonella typhimurium strain vnp20009 preferentially accumulates and replicates in hypoxic tumor regions. in this study, we engineered vnp20009 to express hprg under the control of a hypoxia-induced nirb promoter and evaluated the efficacy of the vnp20009-mediated targeted expressionof hprg (vnp-pnhprg) on tumor growth in primary an ... | 2014 | 24606115 |
| role of berberine in anti-bacterial as a high-affinity lps antagonist binding to tlr4/md-2 receptor. | berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid mainly extracted from rhizoma coptidis and has been shown to possess a potent inhibitory activity against bacterial. however, the role of berberine in anti-bacterial action has not been extensively studied. | 2014 | 24602493 |
| performance of (q)sar models for predicting ames mutagenicity of aryl azo and benzidine based compounds. | regulatory agencies worldwide are committed to the objectives of the strategic approach to international chemicals management to ensure that by 2020 chemicals are used and produced in ways that lead to the minimization of significant adverse effects on human health and the environment. under the government of canada's chemicals management plan, the commitment to address a large number of substances, many with limited data, has highlighted the importance of pursuing alternative hazard assessment ... | 2014 | 24598040 |
| differences in the hydroxylation pattern of flavonoids alter their chemoprotective effect against direct- and indirect-acting mutagens. | the antimutagenicity of ten flavonoids, differing in their hydroxylation patterns against direct-acting and indirect-acting mutagens, namely 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, sodium azide, mitomycin c, benzo[a]pyrene, aflatoxin b1 and 2-aminofluorene, were compared with the aim of investigating how the hydroxyl groups in their structures govern the biological activity of flavonoids, by the ames test, with salmonella typhimurium strains ta98, ta100 and ta102. the flavonoids tested were: quercetin, kaem ... | 2014 | 24594182 |
| a polysaccharide isolated from the liquid culture of lentinus edodes (shiitake) mushroom mycelia containing black rice bran protects mice against salmonellosis through upregulation of the th1 immune reaction. | the present study investigated the antibacterial effect of a bioprocessed polysaccharide (bpp) isolated from lentinus edodes liquid mycelial culture supplemented with black rice bran against murine salmonellosis. bpp was not bactericidal in vitro, it did, however, stimulate uptake of the bacteria into raw 264.7 murine macrophage cells, as indicated by increased colony-forming unit (cfu) counts of the contents of the lysed macrophages incubated with salmonella typhimurium for 30 and 60 min. two h ... | 2014 | 24593132 |
| reducing ppgpp level rescues an extreme growth defect caused by mutant ef-tu. | transcription and translation of mrna's are coordinated processes in bacteria. we have previously shown that a mutant form of ef-tu (gln125arg) in salmonella typhimurium with a reduced affinity for aa-trna, causes ribosome pausing, resulting in an increased rate of rnase e-mediated mrna cleavage, causing extremely slow growth, even on rich medium. the slow growth phenotype is reversed by mutations that reduce rnase e activity. here we asked whether the slow growth phenotype could be reversed by ... | 2014 | 24587376 |
| phosphorylation of eif2α is dispensable for differentiation but required at a posttranscriptional level for paneth cell function and intestinal homeostasis in mice. | recent studies link endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress and the unfolded protein response (upr) to inflammatory bowel disease. altered eif2α phosphorylation (eif2α-p), a regulatory hub of the upr, was observed in mucosal tissue of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. in this study, we examined the mechanistic role of eif2α-p in intestinal epithelial cell (iec) function and intestinal homeostasis in mice. | 2014 | 24577114 |
| in vivo ifn-γ secretion by nk cells in response to salmonella typhimurium requires nlrc4 inflammasomes. | natural killer (nk) cells are a critical part of the innate immune defense against viral infections and for the control of tumors. much less is known about how nk cells contribute to anti-bacterial immunity. nk cell-produced interferon gamma (ifn-γ) contributes to the control of early exponential replication of bacterial pathogens, however the regulation of these events remains poorly resolved. using a mouse model of invasive salmonellosis, here we report that the activation of the intracellular ... | 2014 | 24827856 |
| isolation, characterization, and application of bacteriophages for salmonella spp. biocontrol in pigs. | foodborne illness due to salmonella-contaminated pork products is an important public health problem, causing significant economic losses worldwide. the use of bacteriophages is a potential intervention tool that has attracted interest for the control of foodborne pathogens. the objective of this study was to detect the presence of salmonella in commercial pig farms and to isolate specific autochthonous bacteriophages against salmonella typhimurium, to characterize them and to evaluate their lyt ... | 2014 | 24823991 |
| antigen-dependent versus -independent activation of invariant nkt cells during infection. | cd1d-reactive invariant nkt cells (inkt) play a vital role in determining the characteristics of immune responses to infectious agents. previous reports suggest that inkt cell activation during infection can be: 1) solely driven by cytokines from innate immune cells, 2) require microbial ag, or 3) require self-ag. in this study, we examined the role of ag receptor stimulation in inkt cells during several bacterial and viral infections. to test for ag receptor signaling, nur77(gfp) bac transgenic ... | 2014 | 24813205 |
| culture versus pcr for salmonella species identification in some dairy products and dairy handlers with special concern to its zoonotic importance. | a total of 200 samples of milk and dairy products as well as 120 samples of dairy handlers were randomly collected from different dairy farms and supermarkets in dakahlia governorate, egypt. the conventional cultural and serotyping methods for detection of salmonella in dairy products were applied and the results were compared with those obtained by molecular screening assay using (ttr sequence). the obtained results revealed that 21% of milk and dairy products (42/200) were positive for salmone ... | 2014 | 24808971 |
| development of an engineered bioluminescent reporter phage for the sensitive detection of viable salmonella typhimurium. | because foodborne illnesses continuously threaten public health, rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens in food has become an important issue. as an alternative to time-consuming and laborious conventional detection methods, a technique using recombinant reporter phages has been developed. here, we developed an advanced bioluminescent reporter phage spc32h-cdabe by inserting a bacterial luxcdabe operon into the salmonella temperate phage spc32h genome. whole spc32h genome sequencing enabled ... | 2014 | 24806327 |
| determination of sulfotransferase forms involved in the metabolic activation of the genotoxicant 1-hydroxymethylpyrene using bacterially expressed enzymes and genetically modified mouse models. | 1-methylpyrene, a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, forms benzylic dna adducts, in particular n2-(1-methylpyrenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine, in mice and rats. it is bioactivated via 1-hydroxymethylpyrene (1-hmp) to electrophilic 1-sulfooxymethylpyrene (1-smp). in this study, we explored the role of individual mouse sulfotransferase (sult) forms in this activation. first, we showed that all nine mouse sults tested were able to activate 1-hmp to a mutagen in the his- salmonella typhimurium re ... | 2014 | 24802129 |
| effect of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma on the biological activity of naringin. | the biological activity of naringin treated with atmospheric pressure plasma was evaluated to investigate whether exposure to plasma can be used as a method to improve the biological activity of natural materials. naringin was dissolved in methanol (at 500 ppm) and transferred to a container. a dielectric barrier discharge (dbd) (250 w, 15 khz, ambient air) was then generated. treatment with the plasma for 20 min increased the radical-scavenging activity, frap value, and the total phenolic compo ... | 2014 | 24799234 |
| phenolic content and antioxidant and antimutagenic activities in tomato peel, seeds, and byproducts. | the phenolic content and antioxidant and antimutagenic activities from the peel and seeds of different tomato types (grape, cherry, bola and saladette type), and simulated tomato industrial byproducts, were studied. methanolic extracts were used to quantify total phenolic content, groups of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activities, and the profile of phenolic compounds (by hplc-dad). antimutagenic activity was determined by salmonella typhimurium assay. the total phenolic content and antioxida ... | 2014 | 24792924 |
| physicochemical, mechanical, and molecular properties of nonlysogenic and p22-lysogenic salmonella typhimurium treated with citrus oil. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic properties of nonlysogenic salmonella typhimurium (st(p22-)) and lysogenic salmonella typhimurium (st(p22+)) in the presence of sublethal concentrations (slc2d) of citrus essential oils (ceos), which were used to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility, cell surface hydrophobicity, autoaggregation ability, bacterial motility, lysogenic conversion, gene expression patterns, and antibiofilm formation. the slc2d values of non-heat-tre ... | 2014 | 24780330 |
| salmonella internalization in mung bean sprouts and pre- and postharvest intervention methods in a hydroponic system. | mung bean sprouts, typically consumed raw or minimally cooked, are often contaminated with pathogens. internalized pathogens pose a high risk because conventional sanitization methods are ineffective for their inactivation. the studies were performed (i) to understand the potential of internalization of salmonella in mung bean sprouts under conditions where the irrigation water was contaminated and (ii) to determine if pre- and postharvest intervention methods are effective in inactivating the i ... | 2014 | 24780329 |
| transmission parameters estimated for salmonella typhimurium in swine using susceptible-infectious-resistant models and a bayesian approach. | transmission models can aid understanding of disease dynamics and are useful in testing the efficiency of control measures. the aim of this study was to formulate an appropriate stochastic susceptible-infectious-resistant/carrier (sir) model for salmonella typhimurium in pigs and thus estimate the transmission parameters between states. | 2014 | 24774444 |
| evaluation the surface antigen of the salmonella typhimurium atcc 14028 ghosts prepared by "slrp". | recently, bacterial ghosts (bgs) were prepared using a protocol based on critical chemical concentrations. it has been given the name "sponge like" (sl) protocol and used in its reduced form "sponge like reduced protocol" (slrp). while specific antibody for salmonella is available on the market under the commercial names (of some kits) such as febrile antigen kit (n.s. bio-tec), we used the described kit to investigate the validity of the slrp. in this study, using slrp we succeeded to prepare s ... | 2014 | 24772035 |
| non-typhoidal salmonella: an unusual cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in decompensated cirrhosis. | salmonella typhimurium, a non-typhoidal salmonella, is an unusual cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp). it is usually reported in asymptomatic patients with normal or high ascitic fluid protein levels with underlying immunosuppression, as high opsonic activity in the ascitic fluid of these patients protects them from the usual organisms causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, unless they are exposed to a particularly virulent organism like salmonella. we report a case of culture-p ... | 2014 | 24759352 |
| fibrates ameliorate the course of bacterial sepsis by promoting neutrophil recruitment via cxcr2. | bacterial sepsis results in high mortality rates, and new therapeutics to control infection are urgently needed. here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of fibrates in the treatment of bacterial sepsis and examine their effects on innate immunity. fibrates significantly improved the survival from sepsis in mice infected with salmonella typhimurium, which was paralleled by markedly increased neutrophil influx to the site of infection resulting in rapid clearance of invading bacteria. as a ... | 2014 | 24755316 |
| evaluations of the mutagenicity of a pigment extract from bulb culture of hippeastrum reticulatum. | the use of anthocyanins in food products as colorants has been limited because of their instability toward alkaline ph and high temperature. this study aimed to determine color stability and mutagenicity of the anthocyanin-based pigment extract from bulb cultures of hippeastrum (hippeastrum reticulatum). the pigment extract retained its reddish-orange color under alkaline conditions (⩽ph 11) and was stable up to 6 h at 95 °c. the mutagenicity of the extract was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. hi ... | 2014 | 24751972 |
| evaluation of mutagenic and genotoxic activities of lobeline and its modulation on genomic instability induced by ethanol. | lobeline is a natural alkaloid derived from lobelia inflata that has been investigated as a clinical candidate for the treatment of alcoholism. in a pre-clinical trial, lobeline decreased the preference for and consumption of ethanol, due to the modulation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. however, the interaction between lobeline and ethanol is poorly known and thus there are safety concerns. the present study was conducted to evaluate the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of lobeline and ... | 2014 | 24727238 |