Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| rotavirus vaccination coverage and adherence to the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip)-recommended vaccination schedule--united states, february 2006-may 2007. | worldwide, rotavirus is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children aged <5 years. in february 2006, a new human-bovine rotavirus vaccine, rotateq (merck & co., inc., whitehouse station, new jersey), was recommended by the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) for routine vaccination of u.s. infants. three doses of rotateq are recommended at ages 2, 4, and 6 months. the first dose should be administered between ages 6 and 12 weeks, and vaccination should not be initiate ... | 2008 | 18418345 |
| hospitalization due to norovirus and genotypes of rotavirus in pediatric patients, state of espírito santo. | viruses are the leading cause for hospitalization due to gastroenteritis worldwide. group a rotaviruses (rv) are the most prevalent and are assorted in glycoproteins (g) and protease sensitive (p) dual genotypes based on polymorphic genes that encode the external vp7 and vp4 capsid proteins, respectively. noroviruses (nov) have increasingly answered by sporadic gastroenteritis. this study aimed to determine the prevalence of nov and rv in 68 hospitalized children, between july 2004 and november ... | 2008 | 18425274 |
| prevalence of vp4 and vp7 genotypes of human rotavirus in ecuadorian children with acute diarrhea. | the objective of the present study was to determine rotavirus etiology and prevalence of the different rotavirus serotypes in ecuadorian children younger than 5 years of age with gastroenteritis. children (729) less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea from either public or private primary health care centers in 10 different provinces of ecuador, between march 2006 and august 2006 were included in the study. rotavirus infection was diagnosed using a commercial immunoenzymatic test. rotavirus ... | 2008 | 18428121 |
| non-structural protein nsp2 induces heterotypic antibody responses during primary rotavirus infection and reinfection in children. | rotaviruses are the single most important causes of severe acute diarrhoea in children worldwide. despite success in developing vaccines, there is still a lack of knowledge about many components of the immune response, particularly those to non-structural proteins. this study established radioimmunoprecipitation (rip) assays using labeled g1p[8], g2p[4], and g4p[6] human rotaviruses to examine the spectrum and duration of rotavirus antibodies in sera collected sequentially for 18-36 months from ... | 2008 | 18428132 |
| investigation of the environment and of mothers in transmission of rotavirus infections in the neonatal nursery. | a distinct feature of neonatal rotavirus infection is the association of unusual strains that appear to be prevalent only in neonatal units and persist for long periods of time. the main aims of this study were to determine if rotavirus can be detected on environmental surfaces in the neonatal nursery and whether the infection occurs in mothers of infected and uninfected neonates. thirty rotavirus positive neonates and an equal number of negative neonates were enrolled in this study. stool sampl ... | 2008 | 18428133 |
| generation of recombinant rotavirus with an antigenic mosaic of cross-reactive neutralization epitopes on vp4. | recombinant rotavirus (rv) with cdna-derived chimeric vp4 was generated using recently developed reverse genetics for rv. the rescued virus, ku//rvp4(sa11)-ii(ds-1), contains sa11 (simian rv strain, g3p[2])-based vp4, in which a cross-reactive neutralization epitope (amino acids 381 to 401) on vp5* is replaced by the corresponding sequence of a different p-type ds-1 (human rv strain, g2p[4]). serological analyses with a panel of anti-vp4- and -vp7-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies revealed that ... | 2008 | 18434390 |
| cholangiocyte expression of alpha2beta1-integrin confers susceptibility to rotavirus-induced experimental biliary atresia. | inoculation of balb/c mice with rhesus rotavirus (rrv) in the newborn period results in biliary epithelial cell (cholangiocyte) infection and the murine model of biliary atresia. rotavirus infection of a cell requires attachment, which is governed in part by cell-surface expression of integrins such as alpha2beta1. we hypothesized that cholangiocytes were susceptible to rrv infection because they express alpha2beta1. rrv attachment and replication was measured in cell lines derived from cholangi ... | 2008 | 18436621 |
| rotavirus p[4]g2 in a vaccinated population, brazil. | 2008 | 18439390 | |
| application of bioinformatics-coupled experimental analysis reveals a new transport-competent nuclear localization signal in the nucleoprotein of influenza a virus strain. | two nuclear localization sequences (nls) in influenza a virus nucleoprotein (np) have been demonstrated to be critical for nuclear import of np and viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. however, a deletion mutant lacking these two signals was still able to localize to the nucleus suggesting the presence of yet another (a third) potential nls in the np protein. in order to identify the nature of this potential nls signal in the np of a ws/33l influenza virus a strain, we utilized the tools of bioinf ... | 2008 | 18442378 |
| detection of epstein barr virus by chromogenic in situ hybridization in cases of extra-hepatic biliary atresia. | extra-hepatic biliary atresia (ehba) is an important cause of neonatal cholestasis. several infectious agents have been proposed as etiologic factors such as rotavirus and reovirus. there is limited data on the role of epstein barr virus (ebv) infection in ehba, so we decided to study the presence of ebv virus in a series of 16 proven ehba cases by chromogenic in situ hybridization (cish) technique. | 2008 | 18442403 |
| rotavirus fecal antigen retrieval in infantile intussusception. | this study was designed to assess the plausibility of an association between natural rotavirus infection and intussusception. it was conducted on 21 infants suffering from acute gastroenteritis (ge) complicated by intussusception who were compared to another 40 age- and sex-matched infants suffering from acute ge characterized by watery nonmucoid diarrhea without surgical complications. all enrolled patients were subjected to detailed history documentation, thorough clinical examination and labo ... | 2008 | 18443833 |
| [clinical observation on drug-separated moxibustion at shenque (cv 8) for treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea]. | to observe therapeutic effect of drug-separated moxibustion at shenque (cv 8) for treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea. | 2008 | 18447219 |
| [infectious acute gastroenteritis in the emergency department of an urban hospital]. | to examine the etiology, clinical, analytical and evolutionary characteristics of gastroenteritis in the pediatric population in the emergency department of dr. peset university hospital in health care area 10 in valencia, spain, over a 1-year period (2005). | 2008 | 18447986 |
| an optimal vaccination strategy against rotavirus. | 2008 | 18448212 | |
| trends in intussusception hospitalizations among us infants, 1993-2004: implications for monitoring the safety of the new rotavirus vaccination program. | in 2006, a new rotavirus vaccine was recommended for routine immunization of us infants. because a previous rotavirus vaccine was withdrawn in 1999 after it was associated with intussusception, monitoring for this adverse event with the new vaccine is important. the objectives of this study were to assess intussusception hospitalizations trends among us infants for 1993 to 2004; provide estimates of hospitalization rates for intussusception for 2002-2004; and assess variations in background rate ... | 2008 | 18450856 |
| characterization of rotavirus strains detected among children and adults with acute gastroenteritis in gizan, saudi arabia. | 2008 | 18454236 | |
| virus-specific intestinal ifn-gamma producing t cell responses induced by human rotavirus infection and vaccines are correlated with protection against rotavirus diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. | we examined rotavirus-specific ifn-gamma producing cd4+, cd8+ and cd4+cd8+ t cell responses in gnotobiotic pigs infected with a virulent human rotavirus (virhrv) or vaccinated with an attenuated (att) hrv vaccine (atthrv3x or atthrv2x) or an atthrv oral priming and 2/6-virus-like particle (vlp) intranasal boosting (atthrv-2/6vlp) regimen. in virhrv infected pigs, hrv-specific ifn-gamma producing t cells reside primarily in ileum. atthrv-2/6vlp induced similar frequencies of intestinal ifn-gamma ... | 2008 | 18456375 |
| [epidemiology and burden of rotavirus diarrhea in day care centers in lyon, france]. | rotavirus is the main cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in infants and young children. in industrialized countries, pediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis (prge) is responsible for high morbidity, particularly among children under 3 years of age attending day care centers (dccs). the objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence, management and cost of prge in dccs. we also described the nature of group a rotavirus genotypes. this study also compared the performance of different diag ... | 2008 | 18456480 |
| acrylamide concentration affects the relative position of vp7 gene of serotype g2 strains as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | during the course of development and characterization of various rotavirus reassortants, we found that the relative position of the gene encoding neutralization and protective antigen vp7 of certain rotavirus strains in a page gel was influenced by the concentration of acrylamide. | 2008 | 18457989 |
| nosocomial rotaviral gastroenteritis in paediatric departments. | the authors present a retrospective analysis of community-acquired and hospital-acquired rotaviral gastroenteritis (rvge) cases in a 5 years period 2001-2005 and prospective analysis in 2006 in the referral area in a population of 7,000 children under 5 years of age. out of 228 patients with rvge, nosocomial rvge accounted for 27.75% of the cases. children with nosocomial rvge were in average 9.8 months younger compared to patients with community-acquired rvge. nosocomial cases were also charact ... | 2008 | 18459473 |
| rotavirus vaccination in europe: the time has finally arrived. | 2008 | 18460968 | |
| rotavirus. | 2008 | 18460969 | |
| options for the prevention of rotavirus disease other than vaccination. | 2008 | 18460970 | |
| european society for paediatric infectious diseases/european society for paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition evidence-based recommendations for rotavirus vaccination in europe. | 2008 | 18460971 | |
| appendix i: methods for the development of evidence-based recommendations. | 2008 | 18460972 | |
| acute diarrhea in children in europe: do we know how to treat it? | 2008 | 18460973 | |
| foreword: espid/espghan evidence-based recommendations for rotavirus vaccination in europe. | 2008 | 18460975 | |
| foreword: espghan/espid evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in europe. | 2008 | 18460976 | |
| probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. | according to the german definition, probiotics are defined viable microorganisms, sufficient amounts of which reach the intestine in an active state and thus exert positive health effects. numerous probiotic microorganisms (e.g. lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, l. reuteri, bifidobacteria and certain strains of l. casei or the l. acidophilus-group) are used in probiotic food, particularly fermented milk products, or have been investigated--as well as escherichia coli strain nissle 1917, certain entero ... | 2008 | 18461293 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the vp4 gene of human rotaviruses isolated in paraguay. | nucleotide and amino acid analyzes of the vp4 gene of human rotaviruses isolated both in paraguay and worldwide were carried out in order to increase our knowledge about the complex pattern of evolution of this virus in nature. paraguayan strains bearing the p[8] genotype were grouped in the lineages p[8]-1, p[8]-2, and p[8]-3. regardless of the year of detection, all of the g4 and g9 strains were related to lineage p[8]-3, whereas the g1 strains were related to the three lineages detected in pa ... | 2008 | 18463781 |
| estimates of the economic burden of rotavirus-associated and all-cause diarrhoea in vellore, india. | to determine the cost of rotavirus and all-cause diarrhoea in vellore, india. | 2008 | 18466182 |
| norovirus genotype iib associated acute gastroenteritis in india. | in india the role of noroviruses in causing gastroenteritis is not well defined. | 2008 | 18467163 |
| characteristics of an ideal rotavirus vaccine. | rotavirus gastroenteritis primarily affects children younger than 5 years of age and is the leading cause of diarrhea-related hospitalizations worldwide. the substantial morbidity associated with this disease and the major burden on healthcare resources underscore the need for an effective vaccine. two recently developed vaccines (rotateq [rotavirus vaccine, live, oral, pentavalent], and rotarix [rotavirus vaccine, live]) share some characteristics of an ideal rotavirus vaccine. high efficacy, e ... | 2008 | 18467670 |
| the flexible c terminus of the rotavirus non-structural protein nsp4 is an important determinant of its biological properties. | the rotavirus non-structural protein nsp4 functions as the viral enterotoxin and intracellular receptor for the double-layered particles (dlp). the full-length protein cannot be expressed and/or purified to homogeneity from bacterial or insect cells. however, a bacterially expressed and purified mutant lacking the n-terminal 72 aa (deltan72) was recently obtained from strains hg18 and sa11 exhibiting approximately 17-20-, 150-200- and 13166-15800-fold lower dd50 (50% diarrhoea-inducing dose) val ... | 2008 | 18474565 |
| aqueous suspension of carbon nanotubes enhances the specificity of long pcr. | dna manipulation technology is facing more challenges in the postgenomics era. more and more nanomaterials have been investigated for their potential implications in developing better gene technology. in this study, we reported the beneficial effect of single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) in enhancing the specificity and total efficiency of long (14 kb) pcr. hydroxylic and carboxylic carbon nanotubes (cnts) had similar enhancing effects. nanotubes co ... | 2008 | 18476818 |
| rotavirus within day care centres in oxfordshire, uk: characterization of partial immunity. | repeated measures data for rotavirus infection in children within 14 day care centres (dccs) in the oxfordshire area, uk, are used to explore aspects of rotavirus transmission and immunity. a biologically realistic model for the transmission of infection is presented as a set of probability models suitable for application to the data. two transition events are modelled separately: incidence and recovery. the complexity of the underlying mechanistic model is reflected in the choice of the fixed v ... | 2008 | 18477541 |
| qualitative and quantitative characteristics of rotavirus-specific cd8 t cells vary depending on the route of infection. | cd8 t-cell response provides an important defense against rotavirus, which infects a variety of systemic locations in addition to the gut. here we investigated the distribution, phenotype, and function of rotavirus-specific cd8 t cells in multiple organs after rotavirus infection initiated via the intranasal, oral, or intramuscular route. the highest level of virus-specific cd8 t cells was observed in the peyer's patches of orally infected mice and in the lungs of intranasally infected animals. ... | 2008 | 18480435 |
| rotavirus epidemiology: the asian rotavirus surveillance network. | availability of new rotavirus vaccines has highlighted the need to collect local disease and economic burden data to aid decision makers at global, regional and country level. the world health organization and the gavi alliance recommended that generic protocols be used and that regional surveillance networks be established to collect these data, thereby helping to fast-track the introduction of these new vaccines into developing countries. nine countries and regions participated in the first ph ... | 2008 | 18485546 |
| the evidence to support health claims for probiotics. | as the health benefits of ingesting live bacteria become more evident, foods are now being produced that contain probiotic bacteria. the data to support label health claims for probiotic products are often difficult to provide. the experimental evidence to identify probiotic microorganisms and to demonstrate their efficacy in clinical trials is more challenging than for other potential functional foods because effects are mediated by living microorganisms and may therefore be influenced by the s ... | 2008 | 18492865 |
| molecular studies of fecal anaerobic commensal bacteria in acute diarrhea in children. | the commensal bacterial flora of the colon may undergo changes during diarrhea, owing to colonization of the intestine by pathogens and to rapid intestinal transit. this study used molecular methods to determine changes in the composition of selected commensal anaerobic bacteria during and after acute diarrhea in children. | 2008 | 18493205 |
| european society for paediatric infectious diseases/european society for paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition evidence-based recommendations for rotavirus vaccination in europe: executive summary. | 2008 | 18493224 | |
| role of interferon in homologous and heterologous rotavirus infection in the intestines and extraintestinal organs of suckling mice. | recent studies demonstrated that viremia and extraintestinal rotavirus infection are common in acutely infected humans and animals, while systemic diseases appear to be rare. intraperitoneal infection of newborn mice with rhesus rotavirus (rrv) results in biliary atresia (ba), and this condition is influenced by the host interferon response. we studied orally inoculated 5-day-old suckling mice that were deficient in interferon (ifn) signaling to evaluate the role of interferon on the outcome of ... | 2008 | 18495762 |
| human bocavirus infection in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in china. | human bocavirus (hbov) was first identified in children with acute respiratory-tract infections, but recent studies have revealed that hbov is also frequently detected in fecal specimens from children with gastroenteritis. | 2008 | 18499516 |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of routine rotavirus vaccination in brazil. | the objective of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of a universal rotavirus vaccination program among children < or = 5 years of age in brazil. | 2008 | 18505602 |
| outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis with high mortality, nicaragua, 2005. | we investigated a nationwide outbreak of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in nicaragua in children under 5 years old, leading to many consultations, hospitalizations, and deaths. we questioned whether a vaccine might have prevented these illnesses and deaths, sought to identify risk factors for death, and developed a clinical profile of children hospitalized with diarrhea. | 2008 | 18505609 |
| old enemies, still with us after all these years. | although some previously common infections, such as sendai virus and mycoplasma pulmonis, have become rare in laboratory rodents in north american research facilities, others continue to plague researchers and those responsible for providing biomedical scientists with animals free of adventitious disease. long-recognized agents that remain in research facilities in the 21st century include parvoviruses of rats and mice, mouse rotavirus, theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (tmev), mouse hepat ... | 2008 | 18506062 |
| pediatric providers' acceptance of recommendations for routine rotavirus vaccination. | 2008 | 18509150 | |
| the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and nutritional development of infants with acute diarrhoea, in north-eastern brazil. | in order to assess the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and changing nutritional status of infants suffering from acute diarrhoea, 103 infants with such diarrhoea and the same number of age-matched controls were investigated at the universidade federal do rio grande do norte's paediatric hospital, in north-eastern brazil. each child with diarrhoea was given oral rehydration or, in the severe cases, intravenous rehydration. each subject was checked for enteropathogens and his or her w ... | 2008 | 18510816 |
| assessing the introduction of universal rotavirus vaccination in the netherlands. | rotarix and rotateq are both prophylactic vaccines against rotavirus (rv) gastroenteritis. in 2006, these vaccines obtained a european license and because rv infections are widespread among dutch children inclusion of these vaccines in the dutch national immunization program (nip) should be considered. using an evaluation model for introducing a new vaccine, we assessed the introduction of universal rv vaccination in the netherlands. although post-marketing surveillance will be essential, both r ... | 2008 | 18514975 |
| postlicensure monitoring of intussusception after rotateq vaccination in the united states, february 1, 2006, to september 25, 2007. | in 1999, a previous rotavirus vaccine (rotashield; wyeth laboratories, marietta, pa) was withdrawn from the us market after postlicensure monitoring identified an association with intussusception. although the new rotavirus vaccine (rotateq; merck, west point, pa) introduced in 2006 was not associated with intussusception in prelicensure trials, additional monitoring is important to ensure a complete safety profile. | 2008 | 18519491 |
| probiotics for children with diarrhea: an update. | this review focuses on the efficacy of probiotics for diarrhea in children in different settings: day-care centers, diarrhea acquired in the hospital, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and treatment of acute infectious diarrhea. for prevention of diarrhea acquired in day-care centers, 5 randomized and placebo-controlled trials have been published. probiotics tested were lactobacillus gg, bifidobacterium lactis (alone or in combination with streptococcus thermophilus), and lactobacillus reuteri. th ... | 2008 | 18520336 |
| efficacy of pentavalent human-bovine (wc3) reassortant rotavirus vaccine based on breastfeeding frequency. | the efficacy of a live, oral, pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against g1-4 rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) was retrospectively assessed based on breastfeeding frequency among 5098 infants in a placebo-controlled trial. the efficacy against any rvge severity for infants never breastfed, sometimes breastfed, or exclusively breastfed was 68.3%, 82.2%, and 68.0%, respectively. the efficacy against severe rvge was 100%, 95.4%, and 100%, respectively. breastfeeding did not seem to adversely impact the ... | 2008 | 18520448 |
| occurrence of group a rotavirus mixed p genotypes infections in children living in goiânia-goiás, brazil. | group a rotaviruses (rva) are the main causing agents of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, having a great impact on childhood mortality in developing countries. the objective of this study was to identify rva-positive fecal samples with mixed p genotypes by hemi-nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), followed by sequencing confirmation. our results showed that, from the 81 rva-positive samples, 25 were positive for more than one p genotype by hemi-nested rt-pcr. of these ... | 2008 | 18521634 |
| survival of sa11 rotavirus in fresh fruit juices of pineapple, papaya, and honeydew melon. | survival of rotavirus in fresh fruit juices of papaya (caraca papaya l.), honeydew melon (cucumis melo l.), and pineapple (ananas comosus [l.] merr.) was studied. clarified juices were prepared from pulps of ripe fruits and sterilized by ultrafiltration. one milliliter of juice from each fruit was inoculated with 20 microl of 1 x 10(6) pfu of sa11 rotavirus and sampled immediately (0-h exposure) and 1 and 3 h later at 28 degrees c. mean viral titers in juices of papaya (ph 5.1) and honeydew melo ... | 2008 | 18522042 |
| [rotavirus vaccine can reduce the burden of illness. decision on inclusion in the child vaccination program needs more data]. | 2008 | 18522255 | |
| [rotavirus vaccines no life-savers. markedly reduced morbidity in families with children]. | 2008 | 18522257 | |
| [rotavirus infection in children--swedish data in a european perspective. a prospective observational study shows burden in health care]. | 2008 | 18522258 | |
| [health care and society have to pay a high price for rotavirus infections in children. a swedish descriptive cost analysis study]. | 2008 | 18522259 | |
| rotavirus surveillance in australia. | 2008 | 18522309 | |
| flagellin treatment protects against chemicals, bacteria, viruses, and radiation. | sudden exposure of human populations to chemicals, pathogens, or radiation has the potential to result in substantial morbidity. a potential means of rapidly protecting such populations might be to activate innate host defense pathways, which can provide broad protection against a variety of insults. however, innate immune activators can, by themselves, result in severe inflammatory pathology, which in large part is driven by hemopoietic-derived cytokines such as tnf-alpha. we reasoned that, bec ... | 2008 | 18523294 |
| viral, bacterial and parasitic etiology of pediatric diarrhea in gaza, palestine. | to determine the etiology of acute diarrhea in palestinian children under 5 years of age and to improve knowledge of the etiology of gastrointestinal pathogens using traditional and molecular diagnostic techniques. | 2008 | 18523397 |
| early transcriptional response in the jejunum of germ-free piglets after oral infection with virulent rotavirus. | germ-free piglets were orally infected with virulent rotavirus to collect jejunal mucosal scrapings at 12 and 18 hours post infection (two piglets per time point). ifn-gamma mrna expression was stimulated in the mucosa of all four infected piglets, indicating that they all responded to the rotavirus infection. rna pools prepared from two infected piglets were used to compare whole mucosal gene expression at 12 and 18 hpi to expression in uninfected germ-free piglets (n=3) using a porcine intesti ... | 2008 | 18523839 |
| probiotic lactobacillus acidophilus enhances the immunogenicity of an oral rotavirus vaccine in gnotobiotic pigs. | we evaluated virus-specific b and t cell responses induced by the attenuated wa (p1a[8]g1) human rotavirus (atthrv) oral 2-dose vaccine with or without lactobacillus acidophilus (la) colonization in neonatal gnotobiotic (gn) pigs. the atthrv vaccinated and la-fed pigs had a significantly higher magnitude of hrv-specific ifn-gamma producing cd8+ t cell responses in ileum and spleen, iga and igg antibody-secreting cell responses in ileum, and serum igm, iga and igg antibody and virus neutralizing ... | 2008 | 18524434 |
| [economic evaluation of acute paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis in france]. | acute paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) is the leading cause of paediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. the objective of the study was to assess the average cost of a rvge episode in children between 0 and 5 years in france. | 2008 | 18524550 |
| sensitive detection of multiple rotavirus genotypes with a single reverse transcription-real-time quantitative pcr assay. | rotaviruses are one of the major causes of diarrhea in infants and children under 5 years old, especially affecting developing countries. in natural disasters, fecal matter and potable waters can mix, allowing low, yet infective, concentrations of rotavirus to be present in water supplies, constituting a risk for the population. any of the most commonly detected rotavirus genotypes could originate an outbreak. the development of a fast and sensitive method that could detect the broadest possible ... | 2008 | 18524966 |
| human bocavirus in children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis: a case-control study. | human bocavirus (hbov) was recently discovered in children with respiratory tract disease and gastroenteritis. the causative role of hbov in human gastroenteritis remains uncertain, and, to our knowledge, no previous case-control study has studied the relationship between hbov and gastroenteritis. | 2008 | 18532891 |
| rationale and implementation policy for use of oral, live, reassortant rotavirus vaccine in the neonatal intensive care unit. | 2008 | 18535419 | |
| [characteristics analysis on major genes and the encoded proteins of human g9p[8] rotaviruses ll52696 and ll52727]. | two rotavirus g9p[8] strains (ll52696 and ll52727) were recognized during a sentinel-based survey in lulong, china. phylogenetic analysis of the vp7 gene showed that both strains isolated constituted a divergent genetic cluster distinct from the other g9 strains isolated in china. analysis of vp4, vp6, and nsp4 genes revealed that these strains were closely related to lulong strains. we hold that two strains were reassortant between g9 and lulong predominant strains. | 2008 | 18536106 |
| [the increased of alanine aminotransferase in rotavirus diarrhea]. | the results of retrospective analysis of 97 children treated at observation and liver diseases unit in bydgoszcz between 1st jun and 30th jun 2006 because of retrovirus diarrhea were presented. those results took the liver activity into consideration. the age of children with hypertransaminazemia was assessed--the duration, intensity and date of occurrence of hypertransaminazemia was taken into consideration. in 25% of analyzed cases an increased activity of alt (lasting from 7 days to 6 months) ... | 2008 | 18536232 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of the carbohydrate-recognizing domain (vp8*) of bovine rotavirus strain ncdv. | the infectivity of rotavirus is dramatically enhanced by proteolytic cleavage of its outer layer vp4 spike protein into two functional domains, vp8* and vp5*. the carbohydrate-recognizing domain vp8* is proposed to bind sialic acid-containing host cell-surface glycans and this is followed by a series of subsequent virus-cell interactions. live attenuated human and bovine rotavirus vaccine candidates for the prevention of gastroenteritis have been derived from bovine rotavirus strain ncdv. the nc ... | 2008 | 18540062 |
| effects of sanitation, freezing and frozen storage on enteric viruses in berries and herbs. | norovirus (nv) and hepatitis a virus (hav) are foodborne enteric viruses associated with outbreaks of disease following consumption of fresh or frozen produce. model experiments were performed to determine the effectiveness of certain commercial processes for the removal of enteric viruses that might be present in berries and herbs. the survival and persistence of hav, nv, rotavirus (rv) and feline calicivirus (fcv), a surrogate for nv, in frozen produce over time were determined. survival and i ... | 2008 | 18547667 |
| [viral gastroenteritis. an epidemiologic investigation between the period 2001-2006]. | the most common causes for diarrhea both in children and adults are of viral genesis. thereby rota-, noro-, adeno-, and astroviruses are mentioned in descending order. the diagnosis of these frequently nosocomial infections can easily result from virus antigen detection of stool samples. | 2008 | 18548208 |
| health and economic outcomes of hpv 16,18 vaccination in 72 gavi-eligible countries. | the risk of dying from cervical cancer is disproportionately borne by women in developing countries. two new vaccines are highly effective in preventing hpv 16,18 infection, responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer, in girls not previously infected. the gavi alliance (gavi) provides technical assistance and financial support for immunization in the world's poorest countries. using population-based and epidemiologic data for 72 gavi-eligible countries we estimate averted cervical canc ... | 2008 | 18550229 |
| enhancement of detection and quantification of rotavirus in stool using a modified real-time rt-pcr assay. | a sensitive and specific real-time rt-pcr assay to detect rotavirus in stool samples was optimized and validated using a wide range of rotavirus genotypes. the target of the original taqman(r) assay is an 87 bp fragment of the highly conserved non-structural protein 3 (nsp3) gene. here we modified the original assay by introducing degeneracy into the forward primer to account for sequence variation between rotavirus genotypes, added four nucleotides at the 3' end of the reverse primer to reduce ... | 2008 | 18551614 |
| rotavirus infection in children and adult patients attending in a tertiary hospital of são paulo, brazil. | during the period of january 2003 to december 2005, 3,768 stool samples were received in the microbiology laboratory for rotavirus antigen detection from outpatients and inpatients of albert einstein hospital, sp. fresh stool samples from children and adults were analyzed by two methodologies: during 2003 and 2004 by latex agglutination (slidex rotavirus, biomerieux) and 2005 by an immunochromatographic assay for the combined detection of rotavirus and adenovirus (vikia rota-adeno, biomerieux). ... | 2008 | 18553013 |
| post-earthquake outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis in kashmir (india): an epidemiological analysis. | an earthquake struck kashmir on 8 october 2005. a central team of public health specialists was sent to kashmir to assess the public health measures required following the earthquake, and to assist in institution of public health measures. | 2008 | 18555497 |
| human, porcine and bovine rotaviruses in slovenia: evidence of interspecies transmission and genome reassortment. | a surveillance of human, porcine and bovine rotaviruses was carried out in slovenia in 2004 and 2005. stool samples were collected from a total of 406 pigs (373 from asymptomatic animals), 132 cattle (126 from asymptomatic animals) and 241 humans (all with diarrhoea), tested for group a rotaviruses using rt-pcr and analysed by sequencing. the aims of the study were to determine the incidence of asymptomatic rotavirus infection in animals, to look for evidence of zoonotic transmission and to dete ... | 2008 | 18559940 |
| trends in healthcare usage attributable to diarrhea, 1995-2004. | to determine current diarrhea-associated healthcare usage rates and associated sociodemographic factors. these data can be used to determine the impact of the rotavirus vaccine. | 2008 | 18692199 |
| rotavirus vaccine for developing countries. | 2008 | 18692705 | |
| rotavirus vaccine for developing countries. | 2008 | 18692706 | |
| changing distribution of human rotavirus serotypes during two epidemic outbreaks of gastroenteritis in campinas, são paulo, brazil, 2003-2004: detection of g6 strains. | rotavirus serotypes g1-g4 and g9 are the most important agents of severe diarrhea in children worldwide. | 2008 | 18693133 |
| evaluation of ifn-gamma response to rotavirus and non-structural protein nsp4 of rotavirus in children following severe rotavirus diarrhea. | rotavirus (rv) is the commonest cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. however the natural immune mechanisms controlling and preventing rotavirus disease in humans are not fully understood. | 2008 | 18693134 |
| immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated polio and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in a placebo-controlled rotavirus vaccine study. | in recent years, acellular pertussis combination vaccines have facilitated compliance with and coverage of the national immunisation programme in singapore. this phase-ii study (rota-007) evaluated the immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a dtpa-ipv/hib combined vaccine when co-administered with a rotavirus vaccine. | 2008 | 18695765 |
| genetic characterization of group c rotavirus isolated from a child hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in chiang mai, thailand. | during an epidemiological survey of human rotavirus infection in chiang mai, thailand, from 2002 to 2004, in which 263 stool specimens tested, one isolate of group c rotavirus was detected from a two-year-old child admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis. the human group c rotavirus, named cmh004/03, was characterized further by molecular analyses of its vp4, vp6, and vp7 gene segments as well as determination of rna pattern by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). molecular charact ... | 2008 | 18696224 |
| detection of a porcine-like rotavirus in a child with enteritis in italy. | during a 1-year rotavirus surveillance of children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in brescia hospital, italy, a chimerical rotavirus strain, g3p[6], was detected, displaying the vp7 and vp4 genes of porcine origin and the nsp4 and vp6 genes of human origin. the reassortant nature of the virus rules out a direct zoonotic event. | 2008 | 18701665 |
| abnormal computed tomography findings among children with viral gastroenteritis and symptoms mimicking acute appendicitis. | to evaluate computed tomography (ct) findings in pediatric patients with viral gastroenteritis who presented with clinical features of acute abdomen. | 2008 | 18703990 |
| evidence of intrafamilial transmission of rotavirus in a birth cohort in south india. | transmission of rotavirus infection was studied in a birth cohort of children based in an urban slum in vellore and their familial contacts. contemporaneous samples from index patients and their familial contacts were collected for analysis in three different settings. firstly, samples were collected from familial contacts during a period of rotavirus infection in children from the cohort. secondly, on occasions when a family member had rotavirus diarrhea, samples from the cohort child were take ... | 2008 | 18712810 |
| molecular characterization of enteric viral agents from children in northern region of ghana. | viral gastrointestinal infections are among the most important causes of childhood morbidity and mortality, especially in non-industrialized countries. the objective of this study was the molecular characterization of rotaviruses, noroviruses, adenoviruses, astroviruses, and enteroviruses obtained from 367 children in the northern region of ghana. one hundred and forty-two rotavirus-positive stool samples were examined. the most frequent type identified was g1p[8] occurring in 80% of the cases. ... | 2008 | 18712819 |
| molecular characterization of equine rotavirus in ireland. | group a rotaviruses are important causative agents of severe, acute dehydrating diarrhea in foals. a total of 86 rotavirus-positive fecal samples, collected from diarrheic foals from 11 counties in three of the four provinces of ireland, were obtained from the irish equine centre in kildare during a 7-year (1999 to 2005) passive surveillance study and were characterized molecularly to establish the vp7 (g type) and vp4 (p type) antigenic specificities. fifty-eight samples (67.5%) were found to c ... | 2008 | 18716232 |
| randomized double blinded controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bifilac in patients with acute viral diarrhea. | to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bifilac on reducing the episodes (frequency) and duration of diarrhea induced by rotaviral infection and to evaluate the efficacy of bifilac to ameliorate the associated symptoms like dehydration and duration of rotaviral shedding in faeces. | 2008 | 18716740 |
| a new rotavirus vaccine. | 2008 | 18719524 | |
| the post-tsunami outbreak of diarrhoeal diseases in car nicobar island, india, was caused by human group a rotavirus g2 strains. | 2008 | 18723226 | |
| consensus recommendations on immunization, 2008. | justification: there is a need to formulate recommendations regarding use of new vaccines which have become recently available/will soon be available and to review/revise recommendations about existing vaccines in light of recent information. | 2008 | 18723905 |
| detection of human enteric viruses in japanese clams. | a total of 57 clam packages that were collected from supermarkets and fish markets from 11 different sites in western japan between 8 december 2005 and 6 september 2006 were examined for human enteric viruses (i.e., norovirus, aichi virus, rotavirus, adenovirus, hepatitis a virus, and astrovirus), using pcr and reverse transcription pcr. sixty-one percent of the packages were contaminated with one type of virus, 9% had two different types of viruses, 28% had three different types of viruses, and ... | 2008 | 18724766 |
| the influence of cd4+ cd25+ foxp3+ regulatory t cells on the immune response to rotavirus infection. | rotavirus (rv) infection of the intestine is the major cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in infants around the world. although protective immunity against rv, especially acquired b and t-cell responses, has been extensively studied, our understanding of rv immunity remains incomplete. in addition, the interaction between various protective immune mechanisms in the gut and specific enteric immune suppressor systems that normally exert a regulatory function on mucosal immunity has not been exte ... | 2008 | 18725261 |
| progress in understanding norovirus epidemiology. | noroviruses are now recognized as important causes of illness, and their incidence, impact, or both appear to have changed in recent years. this review focuses on studies that provide new knowledge needed to understand their transmission, pathogenesis, evolutionary changes and options for control. | 2008 | 18725806 |
| why does the world need another rotavirus vaccine? | a "meeting on upstream rotavirus vaccines and emerging vaccine producers" was held at the world health organization in geneva, switzerland on march 28-30, 2006. the purpose was to discuss, evaluate, and weigh the importance of additional rotavirus vaccine candidates following the successful international licensure of rotavirus vaccines by two major pharmaceutical companies (glaxosmithkline and merck) that had been in development for many years. both licensed vaccines are composed of live rotavir ... | 2008 | 18728720 |
| increase in prevalence of human group a rotavirus g9 strains as an important vp7 genotype among children in eastern india. | in addition to four globally important group a rotavirus (garv) vp7 genotypes (g1-g4), recent surveillance studies have revealed importance of g9 strains as an aetiological agent of infantile diarrhoea. | 2008 | 18755625 |
| concomitant use of the oral pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine and oral poliovirus vaccine. | the live oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (prv) is well tolerated and highly efficacious against rotavirus gastroenteritis. this open-label, multicenter study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of coadministering oral poliovirus vaccine (opv) with prv. | 2008 | 18756184 |
| severe clostridium difficile-associated disease in children. | three cases of clostridium difficile-associated disease in children were detected within a short time interval. intensive therapy was required in 2 cases with colectomy in one of them. one of the severe cases was community-acquired. two patients had underlying diseases (hirschprung disease, down syndrome) and also tested positive for enteric viruses (rotavirus, calicivirus). | 2008 | 18756189 |