Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [nitric oxide and anti-protozoan chemotherapy]. | constitutive nitric oxide (no) is generated by constitutively expressed types of no-synthase enzymes (nos-i and -iii), being involved in physiological processes such as nervous transmission and vasodilatation. inducible no, synthesized by the no-synthase isoform nos-ii, is an anti-pathogen and tumoricidal agent. however, inducible no production requires a tight control because of cytotoxic and immune-modulation activity. no produced by human and canine macrophages has long been demonstrated to b ... | 2004 | 15305696 |
| silencing the ap65 gene reduces adherence to vaginal epithelial cells by trichomonas vaginalis. | host parasitism by trichomonas vaginalis is complex and in part mediated by adherence to vaginal epithelial cells (vecs). four trichomonad surface proteins bind vecs as adhesins, and ap65 is a major adhesin with sequence identity to an enzyme of the hydrogenosome organelle that is involved in energy generation. in order to perform genetic analysis and assess the role of ap65 in t. vaginalis adherence, we silenced expression of ap65 using antisense rna. the gene for ap65 was inserted into the vec ... | 2004 | 15306014 |
| reactive nitrogen intermediates in experimental trichomoniasis induced with isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic women. | trichomoniasis is the interplay between the infecting parasite, trichomonas vaginalis, and the host, on which the clinical presentation of the disease depends. although the clinical spectrum varies from an asymptomatic state to mild, moderate or severe symptoms, the exact virulence markers of t. vaginalis have not been well elucidated. free radical generation during the disease process and its role in pathogenesis has been reported in various microbial diseases. in the present study, an attempt ... | 2004 | 15309620 |
| pediatric management problems. trichomonas vaginalis. | 2004 | 15311649 | |
| surface properties and in vitro cytopathic effect of various strains of trichomonas vaginalis. | the in vitro cytopathic effect of four strains of trichomonas vaginalis on cultured epithelial monolayers was analyzed through electrophysiology and electron microscopy. interaction of trichomonads of two virulent strains (gt-10 and gt-13) with cultured mdck cell monolayers mounted in ussing chambers produced a rapid decrease in transepithelial resistance to less than 30% of control values after only 15 min. by 30 min the electrical resistance was practically abolished by the virulent parasites. ... | 2004 | 15311677 |
| cytokine expression pattern in the genital tract of chlamydia trachomatis positive infertile women - implication for t-cell responses. | human genital infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis is thought to be immunologically mediated, resulting in local recruitment of lymphocyte subsets and inducing the production of cytokines. little information is available about the role of lymphocyte recruitment and the regulation of cytokine production in the genital tract of c. trachomatis positive infertile women. we have evaluated the recruitment of lymphocyte subsets in the genital tract and production of th1/th2 cytokines in cervical s ... | 2004 | 15320905 |
| [use of arilin (dr.wolff) in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis during the period of 01.10.2003-31.12.2003]. | 2004 | 15323317 | |
| [the role of parasites and fungi in secondary infertility]. | parasite-host relationships can cause diminished or absent ability to conceive, ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy with undesired course. | 2004 | 15327187 |
| activities of dicationic compounds against trichomonas vaginalis. | we evaluated 44 novel cationic compounds for activity against metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant trichomonas vaginalis isolates. six compounds in three different structural classes demonstrated 50% inhibitory concentrations as low as 1 microm against both sensitive and resistant isolates, suggesting a mode of action independent of parasite biochemical pathways that confer resistance to 5-nitroimidazoles. | 2004 | 15328138 |
| recent pharmacological advances in the treatment of preterm membrane rupture, labour and delivery. | preterm delivery (before 37 completed weeks of gestation) is the major determinant of infant mortality. in women with a previous preterm birth associated with bacterial vaginosis, prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., metronidazole) reduce the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight. trichomonas vaginalis increases the risk of preterm delivery, but metronidazole is not beneficial for this and may even be detrimental. antibiotic use (e.g., erythromycin) prolongs pregnancy in late premature rupture a ... | 2004 | 15330729 |
| diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (sti) using self-collected non-invasive specimens. | paramount in control of transmission of sexually transmitted infections (stis) is their prompt recognition and appropriate treatment. in countries where definitive diagnoses are difficult, a 'syndromic approach' to management of stis is recommended and practiced, yet many stis have common symptoms or are asymptomatic and therefore go undetected and untreated. this is of particular concern with the recognition that hiv transmission is increased with co-existent stis: the attributable risk for eac ... | 2004 | 16334994 |
| evaluation of cervical smears at king hussein medical centre, jordan, over three and a half years. | cervical smears taken from women referred for a check-up or with vaginal itching/discharge over a period of 3.5 years were reviewed at the king hussein medical centre, jordan. all smears were fixed with 96% alcohol, stained with papanicolaou stain and screened microscopically. of the smears from 1176 women aged 18-70 years, 4.5% were classified as inadequate, 7.7% were normal and 79.9% showed non-specific inflammation. abnormal vaginal flora was found in 4.8% of cases, candida albicans in 1.2%, ... | 2004 | 16335662 |
| immunoblot analysis of trichomonas vaginalis antigens recognized by rabbit hyperimmune serum raised against exoantignes. | the sds-page and immunoblot were used to identify trichomonas vaginalis antigenic epitopes present in purified somatic and exo-antigens. the presence of common immunogenic proteins corresponding to molecular weights of 76, 60 and 23 kda was revealed. distinctive immunogenic bands of 92, 72, 55 and 40 kda for the exo-antigens, and of 110, 80, 78 and 50 kda for the somatic antigens, appeared when the antigens were probed by the homologous immune rabbit serum. | 2004 | 14598168 |
| the amitochondriate eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis contains a divergent thioredoxin-linked peroxiredoxin antioxidant system. | trichomonas is an amitochondriate parasitic protozoon specialized for an anaerobic lifestyle. nevertheless, it is exposed to oxygen and is able to cope with the resultant oxidative stress. in the absence of glutathione, cysteine has been thought to be the major antioxidant. we now report that the parasite contains thioredoxin reductase, which functions together with thioredoxin and thioredoxin peroxidase to detoxify potentially damaging oxidants. thioredoxin reductase and thioredoxin also reduce ... | 2004 | 14630923 |
| targeted gene replacement of a ferredoxin gene in trichomonas vaginalis does not lead to metronidazole resistance. | ferredoxin, fd, is often deficient in metronidazole-resistant strains of trichomonas vaginalis and is thought to be necessary for drug activation. to directly test whether fd is essential for metronidazole susceptibility, gene replacement technology has been developed for t. vaginalis. the selectable marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase (neo) flanked by approximately 2.6 and approximately 2.0 kbp of the fd 5' and 3' flanking regions (pko-fd-neo) was introduced into cells on linear dna and sel ... | 2004 | 14651615 |
| trichomoniasis: under control or undercontrolled? | aside from human papillomavirus, trichomoniasis is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states today, yet it has long been regarded as a sexually transmitted infection of minor importance. medical opinion has traditionally held that it plays little role in health complications in women, and it is rarely seen in men. however, evidence has recently accumulated implicating trichomonas vaginalis as a contributor to a variety of adverse outcomes among both sexes. among both wo ... | 2004 | 14749674 |
| a new method for extended trichomonad storage. | 2004 | 14755043 | |
| synthesis, and antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities of s-substituted 4,6-dibromo- and 4,6-dichloro-2-mercaptobenzimidazoles. | the synthesis and some germicidal activities in vitro of two congener series of s-substituted 4,6-dihalogeno-2-mercapto-1h-benzimidazoles are reported. there was no substantial difference between antibacterial activities of corresponding 4,6-dichloro- and 4,6-dibromo-derivatives. the present results confirm lower susceptibility to substituted benzimidazoles of gram-negative compared to gram-positive bacteria. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of a majority of the novel derivatives ranged ... | 2004 | 14757505 |
| epidemiology and etiology of sexually transmitted infection among hotel-based sex workers in dhaka, bangladesh. | the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) and reproductive tract infections (rtis) among hotel-based sex workers (hbsws) in dhaka, bangladesh, was studied. a total of 400 hbsws were enrolled in the study during april to july 2002. endocervical swabs, high vaginal swabs, and blood samples from 400 hbsws were examined for neisseria gonorrhoeae (by culture), chlamydia trachomatis (by pcr), trichomonas vaginalis (by microscopy), antibody to treponema pallidum (by both rapid plasma rea ... | 2004 | 14766825 |
| toxicogenetic evaluation of metronidazole in the treatment of women infected with trichomonas vaginalis. | samples of peripheral blood were collected once from non-smoking women who were healthy (controls) and twice (immediately before and immediately after 7 days of treatment with metronidazole at 500 mg/day) from non-smoking women infected with trichomonas vaginalis. lymphocyte cultures were prepared and used, in toxicogenetic studies, to determine the frequency of sister-chromatid exchange (sce), the mitotic index (mi), and the replication index (ri) for each sample. mtz treatment of the infected ... | 2004 | 15035724 |
| 4-aryl(benzyl)amino-4-heteroarylbut-1-enes as building blocks in heterocyclic synthesis. 4. synthesis of 4, 6-dimethyl-5-nitro(amino)-2-pyridylquinolines and their antiparasitic activities. | new nitro- and aminoquinoline derivatives containing a pyridyl nucleus were synthesized from 6, 8-disubstituted 4-methyl-2-pyridylquinolines, which were prepared from n-pyridylmethylidenanilines. the anti-chagasic and trichomonacidal in vitro activity, as well as the cytotoxic properties towards macrophages of some of these compounds were evaluated. although some of the compounds showed only moderate activity it was possible to establish some structure-activity relationships. | 2004 | 15038056 |
| prevalence of hiv among women with vaginal discharge in a gynecological clinic. | vaginal discharge is a common complaint among women with sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in nigeria. given the association between stds and hiv and the alarming rise in the prevalence of hiv in nigeria, we performed this study to determine the prevalence of hiv in patients with vaginal discharge. | 2004 | 15040519 |
| cytologic features of squamous cell carcinoma in thinprep slides: evaluation of cases that performed poorly versus those that performed well in the college of american pathologists interlaboratory comparison program in cervicovaginal cytology. | although the cytologic features of squamous cell carcinoma in thinprep specimens are well known, whether these features are different in cases that are easily identified than in cases that are more difficult to identify is not known. | 2004 | 15043450 |
| ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on trichomonas vaginalis adhering to and phagocytizing genitourinary epithelial cells. | trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) belongs to a common sexually transmitted disease pathogen causing genitourinary trichomoniasis in both sexes. we investigated the pathogenetic mechanism of genitourinary trichomoniasis. | 2004 | 15043777 |
| heme-iron increases levels of ap65-mediated adherence by trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan responsible for the number one, non-viral sexually transmitted disease. surface proteins (ap65, ap51, ap33 and ap23) mediate adherence to vaginal epithelial cells (vecs). iron increases growth of trichomonads and synthesis and surface placement of adhesins. we observed by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibody (mab) 12g4 the placement of ap65 on surfaces of trichomonads supplemented with hemoglobin or hemin as a source of iron. we, therefore, tested the ... | 2004 | 15043861 |
| trichomoniasis: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management. | trichomonas vaginalis was originally considered a commensal organism until the 1950s when the understanding of its role as a sexually transmitted infection (sti) began to evolve. trichomoniasis has been associated with vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease (pid), and adverse birth outcomes. infection with t vaginalis could have an important role in transmission and acquisition of hiv. t vaginalis is site specific for the genitourinary tract and has been isolated from vir ... | 2004 | 15054166 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and mental health needs of female child and adolescent survivors of rape and sexual assault attending a specialist clinic. | to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) and the mental health needs of female child and adolescent survivors of rape and sexual assault who were referred to a specialist genitourinary medicine (gum) clinic. | 2004 | 15054179 |
| how useful are high vaginal swabs in general practice? results of a multicentre study. | vulvovaginal symptoms are a common reason for consultation with a general practitioner (gp). high vaginal swabs (hvs) are used to investigate symptoms, but their usefulness is poorly evaluated and microbiological tests performed vary between laboratories. in this multicentre study of 797 women with genital symptoms attending gps, diagnostic yield of hvs was poor except for candida spp. (22%). there is an urgent need to establish the most cost-effective approach for the management of these women. | 2004 | 15075016 |
| symptomatic trichomoniasis, metronidazole allergic and pregnant--a management dilemma. | a case of persistent trichomonas vaginalis (tv) in a pregnant, metronidazole-allergic woman is described. this case posed a management dilemma as untreated tv has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes but antibiotic desensitization is potentially dangerous during pregnancy. | 2004 | 15075025 |
| probable horizontal transfer of a gene between a protist and a cnidarian. | 2004 | 15084296 | |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection activates cells through toll-like receptor 4. | while trichomonas vaginalis infection can cause inflammation and influx of leukocytes into the female genital tract, the molecular pathways important in inducing these effects are not known. this study determined if infection with t. vaginalis activates cells through toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4). genital tract secretions from infected women stimulated tnf-alpha production by cells with functional tlr4 (350 pg/ml) but significantly less by cells that are unresponsive to tlr4 ligands (44 pg/ml, p = ... | 2004 | 15093558 |
| a descriptive analysis of std prevalence among urban pregnant african-american teens: data from a pilot study. | to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) among a sample of african-american adolescent females at the time of their first prenatal visit and to assess key characteristics of those testing positive for sexually transmitted diseases. the study also determined differences in these characteristics between adolescents who were and those who were not diagnosed with an std. | 2004 | 15093791 |
| novel antiprotozoal products: imidazole and benzimidazole n-oxide derivatives and related compounds. | the syntheses and biological evaluation of the first anti-protozoa imidazole n-oxide and benzimidazole n-oxide and their derivatives are reported. they were tested in vitro against two different protozoa, trypanosoma cruzi and trichomonas vaginalis. derivative 7c, ethyl-1-(i-butyloxycarbonyloxy)-6-nitrobenzimid-azole-2-carboxylate, displayed activity on both protozoa. lipophilicity and redox potential were experimentally determined in order to study the relationship with activity of the compound ... | 2004 | 15095419 |
| vulvar cancer with fanconi's anemia and neutropenic fever: a case report. | fanconi's anemia (fa), an autosomal-recessive aplastic anemia, was first described in 1927. patients usually die from complications of pancytopenia. the longer patients survive the underlying anemia, the higher the risk of other cancers, particularly leukemias, hepatocellular cancer and squamous cell tumors. this report is the sixth reported case of vulvar cancer in a young woman with fa since 1966. | 2004 | 15098894 |
| mind the gap: bridging the divide between clinical and molecular studies of the trichomonads. | 2004 | 15105016 | |
| [prevalence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections among high-risk patients attending a free anonymous hiv-screening center]. | the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among patients attending an anonymous hiv screening center. | 2004 | 15107742 |
| the use of specimens from various genitourinary sites in men, to detect trichomonas vaginalis infection. | variations in estimates of prevalence of trichomoniasis in men may reflect true differences in the burden of disease but are also affected by the performance of diagnostic methods and the type of specimen tested. in this study, men were evaluated at baseline and at follow-up, to evaluate syndromic management of urethritis and the effects of human immunodeficiency virus and trichomoniasis, in lilongwe, malawi. first-void urine specimens and urethral swabs were obtained at enrollment, for trichomo ... | 2004 | 15122531 |
| tvcp12: a novel trichomonas vaginalis cathepsin l-like cysteine proteinase-encoding gene. | trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in humans. this protozoan has multiple proteinases that are mainly of the cysteine proteinase (cp) type, some of which are known to be involved in the parasite's virulence. here, a novel t. vaginalis cp-encoding gene, tvcp12, was identified and characterized. tvcp12 is 948 bp long and encodes a predicted 34.4 kda protein that has the characteristics of the papain-like cp family. t ... | 2004 | 15133072 |
| production of ammonia by tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis. | production of ammonia is difficult to find among the various studies of amino acid metabolism in protozoa. several studies suggest that catabolism of arginine to ammonium is important for the growth of trichomonads. trichomonads are amitochondriate zooflagellates that thrive under microaerophilic and anaerobic conditions. the authors were able to detect accumulation of ammonium ions and ammonia in cultures of tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis, including those resistant to metronida ... | 2004 | 15133073 |
| the plasma membrane of microaerophilic protists: oxidative and nitrosative stress. | the trans-plasma-membrane electrochemical potential of microaerophilic protists was monitored by the use of voltage-sensitive charged lipophilic fluorophores; of the many available probes, the anionic oxonol dye bis(1,3-dibarbituric acid)-trimethine oxonol [dibac(4)(3)] is an example of one which has been successfully employed using fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser-scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. several microaerophilic protists have been investigated with this dye; these were gia ... | 2004 | 15133079 |
| [influence of the metabolite produced by trichomonas vaginalis on human sperm motility in vitro]. | to investigate the effects of the metabolite produced by trichomonas vaginalis on human sperm motility in vitro. | 2004 | 15148923 |
| race and rage cloning in parasitic microbial eukaryotes. | many gene-cloning strategies and gene survey often provide partial sequence data. to exploit the information from these partial sequences numerous pcr-based approaches have been developed to clone full-length open reading frames. these approaches can be successful using small quantities of cdna or genomic dna as starting material and avoid the need to go through the complex and tedious process of constructing and screening gene libraries. here we present two of these approaches, called race and ... | 2004 | 15153626 |
| treatment of metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis with tinidazole: case reports of three patients. | metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis has been reported across the united states. some reports have suggested that clinically resistant cases could be increasing. currently, metronidazole is the only drug available to treat trichomoniasis, including resistant cases. in such cases, treatment usually consists of giving higher and more prolonged doses of metronidazole, which patients are often unable to tolerate. tinidazole, a second-generation nitroimidazole currently under development in ... | 2004 | 15167642 |
| comparison of latex agglutination, wet preparation, and culture for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare the performance of three diagnostic methods for trichomonas vaginalis infection-latex agglutination, saline wet mount, and culture. | 2004 | 15170003 |
| monthly antibiotic chemoprophylaxis and incidence of sexually transmitted infections and hiv-1 infection in kenyan sex workers: a randomized controlled trial. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are common in female sex workers (fsws) and may enhance susceptibility to infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). | 2004 | 15173146 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: cytochemical localization of a ntpdase1 and an ecto-5'-nucleotidase and effects of adenine nucleotides on cellular viability. | nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ntpdase1), which hydrolyzes extracellular atp and adp, and ecto-5'-nucleotidase, which hydrolyzes amp, are characterized for trichomonas vaginalis. ultrastructural cytochemical microscopy showed ntpdase1 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase activities on the surface of the parasites. high levels of extracellular adenine nucleotides and adenosine did not exert cytolytic effects in intact cells of t. vaginalis. our results suggest that these enzymes are relevant f ... | 2004 | 15175877 |
| use of in vitro cytoadherence assays in the comparative study of the virulence of isolates of trichomonas vaginalis. | this study describes the use of bromo-deoxiuridine, a non-radioactive analogue of thymidine, to determine the adhesion of 40 t. vaginalis isolates, as compared with the clinical manifestations found in patients. parasite-labeling was optimized and label detection by immunoassay was carried out. bromo-deoxiuridine at 10 microm for 16 h produced the highest sensitivity. once optimized, the assay was able to detect between 3.12 x 10(3) and 4 x 10(5) parasites, with a detection limit of 9.14 x 10(2) ... | 2004 | 15185142 |
| involvement of multiple dna elements in iron-inducible transcription of the ap65-1 gene in the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | a reputed iron-responsive region, which contains multiple nuclear protein-binding dna sequences, was shown previously to regulate iron-inducible transcription of the ap65-1 gene in the protozoan pathogen, trichomonas vaginalis. these dna sequences include two overlapping myb recognition elements (mre-1/mre-2r) and three abutted t-tract elements. additional nuclear protein-binding dna sequences flanking the 5' (agtgaagtga) and 3' (mre-2f) of the iron-responsive region were identified in the prese ... | 2004 | 15186420 |
| genital syndromes and syndromic management of vaginal discharge in a community setting. | the objective of the study was to determine the community prevalence of genital syndromes in women and evaluate the syndromic management of vaginal discharge in this setting. a representative sample for the state of tamilnadu was chosen using probability proportional to size cluster technique. thirty clusters were selected from three districts. demographic, sexual behaviour, risk factors, clinical and laboratory data were collected from the selected population using a structured questionnaire. d ... | 2004 | 15186579 |
| two novel asparaginyl endopeptidase-like cysteine proteinases from the protist trichomonas vaginalis: their evolutionary relationship within the clan cd cysteine proteinases. | cysteine proteinases (cps) are important virulence factors of the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. a total of six genes coding for cathepsin l-like cps belonging to clan ca have been identified in t. vaginalis. at least 23 distinct spots with proteolytic activity have been detected by two-dimensional (2-d) substrate gel electrophoresis from in vitro grown parasites; however, only few of them have been characterized. in this work, we detected six spots with proteolytic activity and molec ... | 2004 | 15194187 |
| trichomonas vaginalis virulence against epithelial cells and morphological variability: the comparison between a well-established strain and a fresh isolate. | the fmvi strain of trichomonas vaginalis was freshly isolated from an asymptomatic patient, and its morphological properties and virulence in vitro compared with the well-established jt strain. the morphological variability of the parasites was assessed by differential interference microscopy and both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. the fmv1 strain presented nearly 20% amoeboid cells whereas the jt strain presented high percentages of ellipsoid but no amoeboid cells. the fmv1 morp ... | 2004 | 15205943 |
| tritrichomonas foetus induces apoptotic cell death in bovine vaginal epithelial cells. | tritrichomonas foetus is a serious veterinary pathogen, causing bovine trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease leading to infertility and abortion. t. foetus infects the mucosal surfaces of the reproductive tract. infection with t. foetus leads to apoptotic cell death of bovine vaginal epithelial cells (bvecs) in culture. an affinity-purified cysteine protease (cp) fraction yielding on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis a single band with an apparent molecular mass ... | 2004 | 15213160 |
| predictors of bacterial vaginosis in adolescent women who douche. | risk factors for bacterial vaginosis (bv) include douching and sexual activity, although the exact cause of bv is unknown. | 2004 | 15215700 |
| do people really know their sex partners? concurrency, knowledge of partner behavior, and sexually transmitted infections within partnerships. | an individual's risk of sexually transmitted infections (stis) has been associated empirically with the individual having concurrent sexual partners (individual's concurrency) and, theoretically, with the individual's partner having concurrent partners (partner's concurrency). | 2004 | 15215701 |
| fenticonazole nitrate for treatment of vulvovaginitis: efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 1-gram ovules, administered as ultra-short 2-day regimen. | because of its potential as a low cost first-line monotherapy for the most common vulvovaginal infections, we evaluated fenticonazole nitrate in a prospective, open-label, multicenter pilot study with 101 sexually active women (per-protocol; 16 to 61 years of age) with vulvovaginitis involving single or mixed infections with candida albicans, trichomonas vaginalis, and/or gardnerella vaginalis. fenticonazole nitrate (1 g) was administered as vaginal ovules, once daily on days 1 and 3. eradicatio ... | 2004 | 15216954 |
| mitochondrial-type assembly of fes centers in the hydrogenosomes of the amitochondriate eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis. | mitochondria are the site of assembly of fes centers of mitochondrial and cytosolic fes proteins. various microaerophilic or anaerobic unicellular eukaryotes lack typical mitochondria ("amitochondriate" protists). in some of these organisms, a metabolically different organelle, the hydrogenosome, is found, which is thought to derive from the same proteobacterial ancestor as mitochondria. here, we show that hydrogenosomes of trichomonas vaginalis, a human genitourinary parasite, contain a key enz ... | 2004 | 15226492 |
| performance of a new, rapid assay for detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is highly prevalent, may have serious health consequence, and is readily treatable. however, screening has been limited by currently available tests, which tend to be insensitive, expensive, or require a delay before results are reported. the xenostrip-tv (xenotope diagnostics, inc., san antonio, tex.) was evaluated on vaginal swab specimens from 936 women attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in seattle, wash. (n = 497), and birmingham, ala. (n = 439). t ... | 2004 | 15243042 |
| antibacterial activity of galeola foliata. | galeola foliata leaves and stem bark were successively extracted with petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and methanol. a broad spectrum antibacterial activity (24 bacteria and protozoan) was exhibited by both parts. a very good level of activity was demonstrated by the ch2cl2 and etoac fractions. none of the fractions were active against the moulds. | 2004 | 15261387 |
| aetiological agents of vaginitis in nigerian women. | this study focuses on the identification of aetiological agents of vaginitis in nigerian women. study subjects are drawn from patients presenting with lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge and itching at the gynaecology clinic of lagos university teaching hospital and at the clinical centre of the nigerian institute of medical research, yaba, lagos, between january 2001 and july 2002. a total of 250 patients gave informed consent to participate in the study. the patients also had pre- and post ... | 2004 | 28696900 |
| pseudocysts in trichomonads--new insights. | tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis, parasitic protists of the urogenital tract, display a trophozoite and a pseudocyst stage. the ultrastructure of the trophozoite was compared with the pseudocyst form. the latter appears under unfavorable environmental conditions when the flagella are internalized, and a true cell wall is not formed. although some authors consider this form as a degenerate stage, the cell behaves as a resistant form. pseudocysts were found in natural culture condit ... | 2003 | 14658492 |
| use of the roche lightcycler instrument in a real-time pcr for trichomonas vaginalis in urine samples from females and males. | trichomonas vaginalis is the agent of a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection (sti) that can result in vaginitis, urethritis, and preterm birth. traditional methods of diagnosis, including wet preparation, can be unreliable. in this study, we describe the adaptation of an existing pcr method for specific detection of t. vaginalis dna into a rapid real-time pcr assay based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) probe chemistry. the fret-based assay described demonstrated high ... | 2003 | 14662951 |
| detection of tritrichomonas foetus by polymerase chain reaction in cultured isolates, cervicovaginal mucus, and formalin-fixed tissues from infected heifers and fetuses. | a rapid, reliable polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay, originally developed for definitive laboratory identification of the bovine venereal pathogen tritrichomonas foetus from cultures of male reproductive tract fluids, was used for testing the following: 1) cultured, geographically disparate trichomonad isolates, 2) formalin-fixed tissues from infected heifers and naturally infected fetuses, and 3) cervicovaginal mucus (cvm) from experimentally infected females. in 12 of 12 western hemisphere ... | 2003 | 14667024 |
| treatment of trichomonas in pregnancy and adverse outcomes of pregnancy: a subanalysis of a randomized trial in rakai, uganda. | the purpose of this study was to assess the association of presumptive trichomonas vaginalis treatment during pregnancy and birth outcomes. | 2003 | 14634576 |
| vaginal cytokines in normal pregnancy. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether the vaginal cytokine concentration varies during the course of uncomplicated pregnancy. | 2003 | 14634582 |
| programmed cell death in parasitic protozoans that lack mitochondria. | 2003 | 14642765 | |
| trichomonas vaginalis among hiv-infected women: are immune status or protease inhibitor use associated with subsequent t. vaginalis positivity? | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) is a common sexually transmitted disease (std) among hiv-infected populations. the relationship between tv and immune status and hiv viral load as affected by protease inhibitor (pi) use has not been well examined. | 2003 | 14603092 |
| assessment of a rapid antigen detection system for trichomonas vaginalis infection. | 2003 | 14607884 | |
| [therapeutic aspects of trichomoniasis]. | trichomoniasis is frequent, parasitic and sexually transmitted infection of genitourinary tract. it is treated by metronidazole (5-nitroimidazole), according to protocol recommended by center for disease control (cdc, formerly called: communicable disease center) [19]. the resistance of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) strains to metronidazole (mnd) was described in usa in 1960, and later on in many european countries [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. in these cases, due to persistent trichomonas infection, it ... | 2003 | 14608880 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among pregnant women in ilorin, nigeria. | in a cross-sectional study, 230 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the university of ilorin teaching hospital (uith), ilorin, nigeria from january 2000 to december 2000 were screened randomly to determine the prevalence of common stds among them, using conventional methods. one hundred and fourteen (49.4%) of the subjects harboured various agents including candida spp. (37.8%), trichomonas vaginalis (4.7%), gardnerella vaginalis (3.9%), syphilis (1.7%) and neisseria gonorrhea (1.3% ... | 2003 | 14617466 |
| [is there a correlation between the vaginal colonization with group b streptococci and premature deliveries?]. | the study covered 110 pregnant females during the period from january 1, 2002 till april 30, 2003. nine females (8.18%) delivered premature newborns. samples were taken from the posterior vaginal fornix and canalis cervicalis in the 18th and 24th gestational week. the preparations stained after gram were examined under light microscope. microbial cultures on blood agar were examined, too. it was established that 18 or 16.36% of all the cases presented with cultures positive for group b streptoco ... | 2003 | 14619743 |
| transcription initiation at its most basic level. | the structure of the initiator binding protein from the primitive eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis reveals how a single protein can orchestrate promoter recognition, rna polymerase ii recruitment, and start site selection, and provides an evolutionary link with transcription initiation in higher eukaryotes. | 2003 | 14622590 |
| structural basis of core promoter recognition in a primitive eukaryote. | transcription start site selection in eukaryotes is mediated through combinations of the tata, initiator (inr), and downstream promoter elements (dpe). in trichomonas vaginalis, a parabasalian flagellate thought to represent an ancient eukaryote lineage, the inr appears to be solely responsible for start site selection and is recognized by the initiator binding protein 39 kda (ibp39). ibp39 contains an n-terminal inr binding domain (ibd) connected via a flexible linker to a c-terminal domain (c ... | 2003 | 14622596 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: determination of acid phosphatase activity as a pharmacological screening procedure. | a simple method to screen trichomonacides, based on the quantification of acid phosphatase (ap) activity, has been designed. using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as chromogenic substrate, we first determined the optimal conditions for enzyme reaction. after seeding, a linear correlation between number of trichomonads and optical densities at 405 nm was obtained at 24 hr but not at 48 hr. then, the inhibitory effect of metronidazole was assessed both by microscope counts and by ap determination. similar ... | 2003 | 14627165 |
| [detection of trichomonas vaginalis with direct immunofluorescence assay]. | to detect trichomonas vaginalis (tv) by direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) and discuss its clinical significance. | 2003 | 14628381 |
| signs of infection in pap smears and risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. | previous studies on whether signs of infection in pap smears imply a risk factor for preterm delivery are conflicting. in a large population-based study, we combined information from the swedish medical birth register and the swedish pap smear screening register to investigate whether signs of infection in pap smears increase the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (or) for antepartum death, preterm or small-for-gestational-age deli ... | 2003 | 14629315 |
| antiparasitic activity of highly conjugated pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives. | 4-[2-(1,3-dimethyl-5-nitro-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-yl)vinyl]benzaldehyde was synthesized in four steps from 6-methyl-1h,3h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione. this aldehyde was functionalized by various substituted anilines or substituted benzylamines. antiparasitic activities of the corresponding azomethines were assessed against plasmodium falciparum, trichomonas vaginalis and leishmania infantum compared to their toxicity versus human cells. | 2003 | 14630237 |
| vaginitis in a gynecologic practice in israel: causes and risk factors. | vaginal symptoms are a leading reason for a patient to visit her gynecologist. little is known about the prevalence of the different causes of vaginitis and the risk factors for this entity in israel. | 2003 | 14509151 |
| synthesis and antiparasitic activity of albendazole and mebendazole analogues. | albendazole (abz) and mebendazole (mbz) analogues have been synthesized and in vitro tested against the protozoa giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis and the helminths trichinella spiralis and caenorhabditis elegans. results indicate that compounds 4a, 4b (abz analogues), 12b and 20 (mbz analogues) are as active as antiprotozoal agents as metronidazole against g. lamblia. compound 9 was 58 times more active than abz against t. vaginalis. compounds 8 and 4a also shown high activity against this ... | 2003 | 14527558 |
| effects of metronidazole and tinidazole on ntpdase1 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase from intact cells of trichomonas vaginalis. | here we report the effects of metronidazole and tinidazole on ntpdase1 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase from intact cells of trichomonas vaginalis. adenosine triphosphate (atp) and adenosine diphosphate (adp) hydrolysis was 5- to 7-fold higher for the fresh clinical strain, when compared with the atcc (american type culture collection) strain. atp hydrolysis was activated in the presence of metronidazole in the atcc strain, whilst it was inhibited 33% by 50 microm tinidazole in a fresh clinical isolate. ... | 2003 | 14553936 |
| glycogen phosphorylase sequences from the amitochondriate protists, trichomonas vaginalis, mastigamoeba balamuthi, entamoeba histolytica and giardia intestinalis. | glycogen phosphorylase genes or messages from four amitochondriate eukaryotes, trichomonas vaginalis, mastigamoeba balamuthi, entamoeba histolytica (two genes) and giardia intestinalis, have been isolated and sequenced. the sequences of the amitochondriate protist enzymes appear to share a most recent common ancestor. the clade containing these sequences is closest to that of another protist, the slime mold (dictyostelium discoideum), and is more closely related to fungal and plant phosphorylase ... | 2003 | 14563176 |
| sexually transmitted infections in male clients of female sex workers in benin: risk factors and reassessment of the leucocyte esterase dipstick for screening of urethral infections. | (1) to assess risk factors for urethral infections with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis among male clients of female sex workers (fsws) in benin; (2) to study the validity of led testing of male urine samples compared to a highly sensitive gold standard (pcr) for the diagnosis of urethral infections with the organisms cited above. | 2003 | 14573834 |
| comparison of culture and different pcr assays for detection of trichomonas vaginalis in self collected vaginal swab specimens. | dna amplification techniques have become widely used for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections. for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis, pcr techniques are not yet widely used despite the publication of several assays. the sensitivity and specificity of five independent primer sets were determined on self collected vaginal specimens obtained from female commercial sex workers. | 2003 | 14573835 |
| newborn with suppurative nasal discharge. | 2003 | 14579821 | |
| [bacterial flora in the genital tract the last trimester of pregnancy]. | very widespread in our clinical setting, early-onset sepsis is due to organisms that commonly colonize or infect the maternal genital tract; identifying such organisms would help improve prevention and treatment. | 2003 | 14593302 |
| prevalence of selected reproductive tract infections among pregnant women attending an urban maternal and childcare unit in dhaka, bangladesh. | a cross-sectional study was conducted during may-december 2000 among pregnant women attending an urban maternal and childcare-delivery unit in dhaka, bangladesh, to assess the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginalis, and syphilis. all pregnant women at 16-24 weeks gestation attending the clinic for antenatal check-up irrespective of symptoms were enrolled. sociodemographic information and obstetric history were obtained from each enrolled subject. high vaginal swabs and serum sa ... | 2003 | 13677438 |
| in vitro comparative kinetics of adhesive and haemolytic potential of t. vaginalis isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic females. | the host parasite relationship and pathogenic mechanisms of the commonly reported sexually transmitted urogenital disease, trichomoniasis, are poorly understood. this study was planned to correlate the adhesion properties of trichomonas vaginalis isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic women to vaginal epithelial cells in vitro (in presence and absence of l. acidophilus) and to ascertain the haemolytic activity of the isolates, in order to assess these properties as possible markers of pathog ... | 2003 | 15025385 |
| characterization of an ecto-5'-nucleotidase (ec 3.1.3.5) activity in intact cells of trichomonas vaginalis. | the enzymatic properties of an ecto-5'-nucleotidase were described in trichomonas vaginalis. the enzyme hydrolyzes nucleoside monophosphates in optimum ph values of 7.5 and 6.5 for the 30236 strain and for the 30238 strain, respectively. mg(2+) and ca(2+) were activators of amp hydrolysis in both strains. the apparent k(m) (michaelis constant) values for mg(2+)-amp were 111.4+/-28.1 microm (mean+/-sd, n=3) for 30236 strain and 420.2+/-35.7 microm (mean+/-sd, n=3) for 30238 strain. the ecto-5'-nu ... | 2003 | 14969694 |
| the in vitro effect of assafoetida on trichomonas vaginalis. | assafoetida is an oleo-gum resin obtained from the roots and stems of many ferula species such as f. foetida regel, f. asafoetida linn, f. alliacea boiss. and f. narthex boiss, family umbelliferae (carrot family), plants growing indigenously in iran, afghanistan and north of india. assafoetida is commonly used as a flavoring agent in food and as a traditional medicine for many diseases in many parts of the world. in this work, the effect of assafoetida on growth of trichomonas vaginalis in vitro ... | 2003 | 14964671 |
| modeller: generation and refinement of homology-based protein structure models. | 2003 | 14696385 | |
| effect of anapsos in a murine model of experimental trichomoniasis. | immunomodulator effect of anapsos (polypodium leukotomas extract) in nmri (us naval medical research institute) outbred mice infected by the intraperitoneal route with 10(7) trichomonas vaginalis has been tested. gross histopathologic changes in abdominal organs and mortality rate, as a consequence of the pathogenicity of the protozoa and the immune response of the host, were evaluated. among the different treatment regimes assayed, anapsos at doses of 20 mg/kg/day administered for 10 days befor ... | 2003 | 14710626 |
| sexually transmitted diseases. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) constitute a major health burden in the united states, causing pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, genital lesions, genital neoplasms, adverse pregnancy outcomes, immune system dysfunction, liver disease, and even death. stds disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults. of the estimated 15 million stds that occur annually each year in the united states, 4 million are among adolescents and 6 million amon ... | 2003 | 14724772 |
| summary: international conference on anaerobic protists. | 2003 | 14736223 | |
| a 39-kda cysteine proteinase cp39 from trichomonas vaginalis, which is negatively affected by iron may be involved in trichomonal cytotoxicity. | 2003 | 14736224 | |
| two trichomonas vaginalis loci encoding for distinct cysteine proteinases show a genomic linkage with putative inositol hexakisphosphate kinase (ip6k2) or an abc transporter gene. | 2003 | 14736227 | |
| cell death in protists without mitochondria. | some protozoans, such as trichomonad species, do not possess mitochondria. most of the time, they harbor another type of membrane-bounded organelle, called hydrogenosome from its capacity to produce h(2). this is the case for the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis. some other parasites, such as the protist giardia lamblia, do not harbor any of these organelles. from this observation arises naturally a naive question: how do cells die when the mitochondrion, the cornerstone of apoptotic process ... | 2003 | 15033707 |
| [importance of the vaginal ecosystem examination in the first trimester of pregnancy]. | vaginal ecosystem disturbances especially bacterial vaginosis are strongly associated with infectious complication during the course of pregnancy. | 2003 | 15029744 |
| [behavior of vaginal trichomoniasis in a group of adolescents]. | 275 adolescents aged 10-19 receiving attention at the infantojuvenile department of pregnancy interruption and of sexually transmitted infections of "ramón gonzalez coro" and "eusebio hernández" gynecoobstetric teaching hospitals, both in havana city, were studied from august, 1999, to september, 2000, aimed at knowing the behavior of the infection caused by trichomonas vaginalis in this population group. the results yielded 18.1 % of positivity to parasitosis. it was proved by the calculation o ... | 2003 | 15849923 |
| utility of direct fluorescent antibody test for detection of chlamydia trachomatis and its detection in male patients with non gonococcal urethritis in new delhi. | the purpose of this study was assessment of prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis and utility of direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) test for its detection in male patients with non gonococcal urethritis in new delhi, india. thirty male patients with symptoms of dysuria showing polymorphs in their gram stained urethral smears with no evidence of neisseria gonorrhoeae, and negative for trichomonas vaginalis and candida albicans by wet mount were subjected to dfa test for detection of c. trachomatis i ... | 2003 | 17642862 |
| influence of hiv-1 coinfection on effective management of abnormal vaginal discharge. | reports on microbiologic cure rates following syndromic management (sm) of women with nonulcerative sexually transmitted infections (stis) are limited. | 2003 | 12514433 |
| validation of a urine-based pcr-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for use in clinical research settings to detect trichomonas vaginalis in men. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is highly prevalent worldwide and is associated with urethritis, prostatitis, and urethral strictures in men. however, the natural history and importance of t. vaginalis in men are poorly understood, in part because of difficulties in diagnosing infection. traditional detection methods rely on culture and wet-mount microscopy, which can be insensitive and time consuming. urethral swabs are commonly used to detect t. vaginalis in men, but discomfort from specimen c ... | 2003 | 12517867 |