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discrimination of the bacillus cereus group members by pattern analysis of random amplified polymorphic dna-pcr.we tried to discriminate 16 strains of the bacillus cereus group including b. cereus, b. thuringiensis, b. mycoides, b. pseudomycoides, and b. weihenstephanensis strains by the pattern analysis of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) -pcr. eight oligonucleotides primers were prepared and the polymorphic patterns of the dna of each strain were compared with those of others. the primers e and f gave different patterns of rapd-pcr products in all strains of the b. cereus group, so these primers ...201222790844
sensitivity of hep g2 cells to bacillus cereus emetic toxin.we herein examined the sensitivity of hep g2 human hepatoma cells to bacillus cereus emetic toxin. hep g2 cells were treated with the emetic toxin, and the cell shape was observed. the same experiments were performed for comparison purposes, using hep-2 cells, which are currently used by most laboratories for a bioassay of the emetic toxin. hep g2 cells showed clearer vacuolation in the cytosol within 2 hr and required a shorter incubation period than hep-2 cells (10 hr). the number of vacuoles ...201222785028
composition and antimicrobial activity of fatty acids detected in the hygroscopic secretion collected from the secretory setae of larvae of the biting midge forcipomyia nigra (diptera: ceratopogonidae).the hygroscopic secretion produced by the secretory setae of terrestrial larvae of the biting midge forcipomyia nigra (winnertz) was analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the viscous secretion is stored at the top of each seta and absorbs water from moist air. gc-ms analyses (four independent tests) showed that the secretion contained 12 free fatty acids, the most abundant of which were oleic (18:1), palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1) and linoleic (18:2). oth ...201222781366
heterologously expressed β-hydroxyl fatty acids from a metagenomic library of a marine sponge.functional screening based on the antibacterial activity of a metagenomic library of the japanese marine sponge, discodermia calyx, afforded three β-hydroxyl fatty acids: 3-hydroxypalmitic acid, 3-hydroxylauric acid and 3-hydroxymyristic acid, heterologously expressed in an antibacterial clone, pdc113. 3-hydroxypalmitic acid showed moderate antibacterial activity against bacillus cereus and candida albicans. a sequence analysis of the insert dna revealed 23 putative orfs, with most sharing homol ...201223127887
genome sequence of the aerobic bacterium bacillus sp. strain fjat-13831.bacillus sp. strain fjat-13831 was isolated from the no. 1 pit soil of emperor qin's terracotta warriors in xi'an city, people's republic of china. the isolate showed a close relationship to the bacillus cereus group. the draft genome sequence of bacillus sp. fjat-13831 was 4,425,198 bp in size and consisted of 5,567 genes (protein-coding sequences [cds]) with an average length of 782 bp and a g+c value of 36.36%.201223144388
a nine-coordinated bismuth(iii) complex derived from pentadentate 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis((4)n-methylthiosemicarbazone): crystal structure and both in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation.up to now, bismuth(iii) complexes with thiosemicarbazones have been comparatively rare. few in vivo biological studies have been carried out in comparison to the plentiful in vitro data. here, an interesting nine-coordinated bismuth(iii) complex, [bi(h2l)(no3)2]no3 [1; h2l = 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis((4)n-methylthiosemicarbazone)], has been synthesized and structurally characterized. the analytical data reveal the formation of 1:1 (metal/ligand) stoichiometry. in vitro biological studies have ind ...201223136979
crystallization and preliminary x-ray data analysis of the pxo1 plasmid-partitioning factor tubz from bacillus cereus.tubz is a structural homologue of tubulin and ftsz gtpases, which are involved in the type iii plasmid-partitioning system. tubz assembles into polymers in a gtp-dependent manner and drives plasmid segregation as `cytomotive' filaments. in this study, c-terminally truncated tubz from bacillus cereus was crystallized in the presence or absence of gdp by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. the crystal of tubz in complex with gdp belonged to the monoclinic space group p2(1), with unit-cell pa ...201223192045
[lead adsorption by trametes gallica, bacillus cereus, and their co-immobilized biomaterial].taking trametes gallica mycelium pellets, bacillus cereus, and their co-immobilized biomaterial as bio-adsorbents, this paper studied their pb2+ adsorption under effects of different contact time, medium initial ph value and pb2+ concentration, and bio-adsorbent concentration, and compared the infrared spectra of the bio-adsorbents before and after pb2+ absorption. the pb2+ adsorption efficiency of the bio-adsorbents was the highest when the bio-adsorbent concentration was 2 g x l(-1), initial p ...201223189701
crystal structures of two transcriptional regulators from bacillus cereus define the conserved structural features of a padr subfamily.padr-like transcriptional regulators form a structurally-related family of proteins that control the expression of genes associated with detoxification, virulence and multi-drug resistance in bacteria. only a few members of this family have been studied by genetic, biochemical and biophysical methods, and their structure/function relationships are still largely undefined. here, we report the crystal structures of two padr-like proteins from bacillus cereus, which we named bcpadr1 and bcpadr2 (pr ...201223189126
germination inhibition of bacillus cereus spores: impact of the lipophilic character of inhibiting compounds.in this study, the impact of a range of organic acids and structurally similar alcohols with three to six carbon backbones and increasing lipophilic character, were tested on the germination behavior of b. cereus atcc 14579 spores. this approach allowed substantiating whether the effectivity of the various compounds was largely dictated by membrane interference or a classic weak acid acidification effect. the octanol-water partition coefficient (log p(oct/water)) ranges from 0.25/0.33 to 2.03/1. ...201223177052
probiotic potential of lactobacillus spp. isolated from brazilian regional ovine cheese.twelve lactobacillus isolates from brazilian starter-free ovine cheeses were evaluated for their probiotic potential. the strains were identified by 16s rdna sequencing as lactobacillus plantarum (7), lb. brevis (2), lb. casei (2) and lb. parabuchneri (1). all strains showed variable resistance to gastric juices and relative tolerance to pancreatin and bile salts. only five strains of lb. plantarum could not deconjugate the sodium salt of taurodeoxycholic acid. autoaggregation ability after 24 h ...201223171587
antagonistic effects of bacillus cereus strain b-02 on morphology, ultrastructure and cytophysiology of botrytis cinerea.the study on antagonistic mechanism of biocontrol strains gives the premise and basis for efficient and stable biological control. this study aimes to overcome of biocontrol agent in aspects of complicated and diversified mode of action, short-lasting and unstable efficacy in the production processes. this study elucidated the antagonistic mechanism of bacillus cereus strain b-02 on botrytis cinerea by detecting changes in morphology, ultrastructure and physiology in affected hyphae of botrytis ...201223163211
variation in the annual unsatisfactory rates of selected pathogens and indicators in ready-to-eat food sampled from the point of sale or service in wales, united kingdom.the welsh food microbiological forum "shopping basket" survey is a long running, structured surveillance program examining ready-to-eat food randomly sampled from the point of sale or service in wales, united kingdom. the annual unsatisfactory rates for selected indicators and pathogens for 1998 through 2008 were examined. all the annual unsatisfactory rates for the selected pathogens were <0.5%, and no pattern with the annual rate was observed. there was also no discernible trend observed for t ...201223212024
essential oil of mitracarpus frigidus as a potent source of bioactive compounds.in our previous work (fabri et al. 2009), we showed that different extracts of mitracarpus frigidus had significant antibacterial, antifungal and leishmanicidal activities. in order to increase our knowledge about this species, this work assesses the chemical composition and the in vitro biological activity of its essential oil. thus, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of m. frigidus was analyzed by gc/ms. among several compounds detected, 11 were identified, bei ...201223207707
dna extract characterization process for microbial detection methods development and validation.quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assays used in pathogen detection require rigorous methods development including characterizing dna extraction products. a dna extract characterization process is demonstrated using dna extracted from five different cells types (two gram-negatives: escherichia coli, and burkholderia thailandensis, spores and vegetative cells from the gram-positive bacillus cereus, and yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae) with six different methods.201223206278
quorum-sensing regulates biofilm formation in vibrio scophthalmi.in a previous study, we demonstrated that vibrio scophthalmi, the most abundant vibrio species among the marine aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria inhabiting the intestinal tract of healthy cultured turbot (scophthalmus maximus), contains at least two quorum-sensing circuits involving two types of signal molecules (a 3-hydroxy-dodecanoyl-homoserine lactone and the universal autoinducer 2 encoded by luxs). the purpose of this study was to investigate the functions regulated by these quor ...201223198796
functional annotation analytics of bacillus genomes reveals stress responsive acetate utilization and sulfate uptake in the biotechnologically relevant bacillus megaterium.bacillus species form an heterogeneous group of gram-positive bacteria that include members that are disease-causing, biotechnologically-relevant, and can serve as biological research tools. a common feature of bacillus species is their ability to survive in harsh environmental conditions by formation of resistant endospores. genes encoding the universal stress protein (usp) domain confer cellular and organismal survival during unfavorable conditions such as nutrient depletion. as of february 20 ...201223226010
chemical composition and antioxidative activity of echinophora platyloba dc. essential oil, and its interaction with natural antimicrobials against food-borne pathogens and spoilage organisms.this study was undertaken to determine the chemical composition and antioxidative capacity of echinophora platyloba dc. essential oil, and its antimicrobial potency against listeria monocytogenes, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli o157:h7, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, rhodotorula rubra, and rhodotorula mucilaginosa. the essential oil was analyzed by gc and gc-ms; and evaluated for its antioxidative ...201223106123
[clinical case of the month. acute post-traumatic panophthalmitis].panophtalmitis is an intra-ocular and intra-orbital rare infection, but its consequences are often horrendous, with loss of both function and anatomy of the eye. the surgical approach and the antibiotherapy should be given as soon as possible, both by intra-vitreal and intra-venous injections. we report the case of a 49-year-old man who developed a bacillus cereus panophtalmitis. a delay in the diagnosis lead to the loss of vision and the evisceration of the sick eye. bacillus cereus panopthalmi ...201223115844
chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of salvia x jamensis essential oil.this is the first report about the composition of the essential oil of salvia x jamensis. the major compounds identified by gc-ms were beta-caryophyllene (14.8 %), beta-pinene (6.8 %), caryophyllene oxide (6.0 %), delta-cadinene (5.5 %), alpha-pinene (5.2 %) and spatulenol (5.2 %). the oil showed antimicrobial activity against three gram (+) bacteria: bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and s. epidermidis, and three candida strains: c. albicans, c. glabrata and c. tropicalis, while it was in ...201223074919
[evaluation of multiplex pcr to identify the species of microorganisms from bacillus cereus group].bacillus genus comprises about 215 species. the most closely related are b. cereus, b. thuringiensis, b. anthracis, b. mycoides, b. pseudomycoides and b. weihenstephanensis. these bacterial species belong to the bacillus cereus group. identification and differentiation of bacillus cereus group bacteria is difficult because of genetic and phenotypic similarity. many molecular methods have already been suggested to differentiate b. cereus group members. however easier and more convenient methods a ...201223072054
can bacillus cereus food poisoning cause sudden death? 201223066123
production and purification of a protease, a chitosanase, and chitin oligosaccharides by bacillus cereus tku022 fermentation.a protease- and chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as bacillus cereus tku022. the protease and chitosanase were both produced using 1.5% (w/v) shrimp head powder (shp) as the sole carbon/nitrogen source, and these enzymes were purified from the culture supernatant. the molecular masses of the tku022 protease and chitosanase determined using sds-page were approximately 45 and 44kda, respectively. the high stability of the tku022 protease toward surfactants, an optimal ph of ...201223079238
divergence of the sigb regulon and pathogenesis of the bacillus cereus sensu lato group.the bacillus cereus sensu lato group currently includes seven species (b. cereus, b. anthracis, b. mycoides, b. pseudomycoides, b. thuringiensis, b. weihenstephanensis and b. cytotoxicus) that recent phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses suggest are likely a single species, despite their varied phenotypes. although horizontal gene transfer and insertion-deletion events are clearly important for promoting divergence among these genomes, recent studies have demonstrated that a major basis for phe ...201223088190
growth of enterotoxin producing bacillus cereus in meat substrate at 10ºc and 30ºc.the behaviour of enterotoxin-producing bacillus cereus in meat was investigated by inoculating spore suspensions of five cultures into meat substrate (ph 5.8) and incubating at 10ºc and 30ºc. the bacterial populations were evaluated after different times by plate counts in nutrient agar. all the cultures presented growth at 30ºc with the generation time varying from 28.8 to 36.0 minutes. three cultures also presented growth at 10ºc with generation times between 10.16 and 28.38 h. considering the ...201224031969
plcra, a new quorum-sensing regulator from bacillus cereus, plays a role in oxidative stress responses and cysteine metabolism in stationary phase.we characterized a new quorum-sensing regulator, plcra, which is present in various members of the b. cereus group and identified a signaling heptapeptide for plcra activity: papra(7). we demonstrated that plcra is a 3d structural paralog of plcr using sequence analysis and homology modeling. a comparison of the transcriptomes at the onset of stationary phase of a δplcra mutant and the wild-type b. cereus atcc 14579 strain showed that 68 genes were upregulated and 49 genes were downregulated in ...201223239999
enterotoxin production by bacillus cereus under gastrointestinal conditions and their immunological detection by commercially available kits.currently, three commercial kits for bacillus cereus enterotoxins nhe and/or hbl detection are available, namely, the bacillus diarrheal enterotoxin visual immunoassay (bde via™) kit (3m tecra), b. cereus enterotoxin reversed passive latex agglutination (bcet-rpla) kit (oxoid), and the duopath(®) cereus enterotoxins (merck). the performance of the kits and their applicability to gastrointestinal simulation samples were evaluated. then, the stability and production of enterotoxins hbl and nhe und ...201223237409
lc-ms analysis of the emetic toxin, cereulide, produced by bacillus cereus.a quantitative and chemical assay of cereulide produced in the cultures by some strains of bacillus cereus was performed on a hplc and a esi electrospray ion trap mass analyzer, using the synthetic cereulide as a standard. all 20 strains of emetic b. cereus were found to produce 27 - 740 ng/ml of cereulide by the lc-ms analysis. in contrast, none of the 10 diarrheal strains produced it. 10(2) cfu/ml of the cereulide producible strain with a 210 ng/ml yield was inoculated into the 10% suspensions ...201223269221
synthesis of bacillithiol and the catalytic selectivity of fosb-type fosfomycin resistance proteins.bacillithiol (bsh) has been prepared on the gram scale from the inexpensive starting material, d-glucosamine hydrochloride, in 11 steps and 8-9% overall yield. the bsh was used to survey the substrate and metal-ion selectivity of fosb enzymes from four gram-positive microorganisms associated with the deactivation of the antibiotic fosfomycin. the in vitro results indicate that the preferred thiol substrate and metal ion for the fosb from staphylococcus aureus are bsh and ni(ii), respectively. ho ...201223030527
certhrax toxin, an anthrax-related adp-ribosyltransferase from bacillus cereus.we identified certhrax, the first anthrax-like mart toxin from the pathogenic g9241 strain of bacillus cereus. certhrax shares 31% sequence identity with anthrax lethal factor from bacillus anthracis; however, we have shown that the toxicity of certhrax resides in the mart domain, whereas anthrax uses a metalloprotease mechanism. like anthrax lethal factor, certhrax was found to require protective antigen for host cell entry. this two-domain enzyme was shown to be 60-fold more toxic to mammalian ...201222992735
chitin extraction from shrimp shell waste using bacillus bacteria.the ability of six protease-producing bacillus species (bacillus pumilus a1, bacillus mojavencis a21, bacillus licheniformis rp1, bacillus cereus sv1, bacillus amyloliquefaciens an6 and bacillus subtilis a26) to ferment media containing only shrimp shell waste, for chitin extraction, was investigated. more than 80% deproteinization was attained by all the strains tested. however, demineralization rates not exceeding 67% were registered. cultures conducted in media containing shrimp shell waste s ...201222981824
preliminary study on the antimicrobial activity of enicostemma littorale using different solvents.to study the antimicrobial activity of enicostemma littorale (e. littorale) using different solvents.201222647818
antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of the stem bark of clausena heptaphylla.there is wide spread interest in drugs derived from plants as green medicine is believed to be safe and dependable, compared with costly synthetic drugs that have adverse effects.201223181593
synthesis of s-triazine-based thiazolidinones as antimicrobial agents.a novel series of thiazolidinone derivatives, namely 4-{4-dimethylamino-6-[4-oxo-2-phenyl-5-(4-pyridin-2-yl-piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-thiazolidin-3-yl]-[1,3,5]-triazin-2-yloxy}-1-methyl-1h-quinolin-2-ones, have been synthesized from the key intermediate 4-(4-amino-6-dimethylamino-[1,3,5]-triazin-2-yloxy)-1-methyl-1h-quinolin-2-one (5). compound 5 was condensed with various aldehydes to give schiff base derivatives, which after cyclization gave thiazolidinones that were linked with 1-pyridin-2-yl-pip ...201222624326
synthesis of benzimidazolyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2ylthio-n-phenyl (benzothiazolyl) acetamides as antibacterial, antifungal and antituberculosis agents.to affiliate multiple bioactivities in a compact heteronuclei, two series of benzimidazole based 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized and assessed in vitro for their efficacy as antimicrobial agents against eight bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella typhi, proteus vulgaris, shigella flexneri), four fungi (aspergillus niger, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus clavatus, candida albicans) and mycobacterium tuberc ...201222516426
antimicrobial activity of bioactive compounds and leaf extracts in jatropha tanjorensis.jatropha tanjorensis was investigated scientifically to generate evidence for the efficacies reported in traditional systems and the results are given here.201222884742
design, structural and spectroscopic elucidation, and the in vitro biological activities of new diorganotin dithiocarbamates.the reaction of 2,2-dimethoxy-n-methylethyllamine or 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane with cs(2) in alkaline media produced two novel dithiocarbamate salts. subsequent reactions with organotin halides yielded six new complexes: [snme(2){s(2)cnr(r(1))(2)}(2)] (1), [sn(n-bu)(2){s(2)cnr(r(1))(2)}(2)] (2), [snph(2){s(2)cnr(r(1))(2)}(2)] (3), [snme(2){s(2)cnr(r(2))(2)}(2)] (4), [sn(n-bu)(2){s(2)cnr(r(2))(2)}(2)] (5), [snph(2){s(2)cnr(r(2))(2)}(2)] (6), where r = methyl, r(1) = ch(2)ch(ome)(2), and r(2) = 2-met ...201223159807
synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of 4h-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazole, pyrazole and benzylidene derivatives of curcumin.a novel, one-pot, simple, efficient procedure for 4h-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazole (4a-h), pyrazole (6a-d) and benzylidene (7a-d) derivatives of curcumin under solvent and solvent free conditions in microwave with good yield is have been synthesized. the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria viz. staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, escherichia coli, bacillus cereus and providencia rettger ...201222683240
survival and germination of bacillus cereus spores without outgrowth or enterotoxin production during in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal transit.to study the gastrointestinal survival and enterotoxin production of the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus, an in vitro simulation experiment was developed to mimic gastrointestinal passage in 5 phases: (i) the mouth, (ii) the stomach, with gradual ph decrease and fractional emptying, (iii) the duodenum, with high concentrations of bile and digestive enzymes, (iv) dialysis to ensure bile reabsorption, and (v) the ileum, with competing human intestinal bacteria. four different b. cereus strains ...201222923409
the methylomes of six bacteria.six bacterial genomes, geobacter metallireducens gs-15, chromohalobacter salexigens, vibrio breoganii 1c-10, bacillus cereus atcc 10987, campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 81-176 and c. jejuni nctc 11168, all of which had previously been sequenced using other platforms were re-sequenced using single-molecule, real-time (smrt) sequencing specifically to analyze their methylomes. in every case a number of new n(6)-methyladenine ((m6)a) and n(4)-methylcytosine ((m4)c) methylation patterns were disc ...201223034806
investigation of antibacterial, acid and bile tolerance properties of lactobacilli isolated from koozeh cheese.lactobacillus strains are a major part of the probiotics, microflora of the intestine and of fermented dairy products, and are found in a variety of environments. the aim of this study was to find out the ability of bile and acid tolerance and antibacterial properties of the twenty eight isolates of three group lactobacilli namely lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus delbruki. for this purpose twenty eight different lactobacillus strains that isolated from koozeh cheese ...201225610566
biochemical activities of iranian cymbopogon olivieri (boiss) bor. essential oil.cymbopogon olivieri essential oil from aerial parts was analyzed by gas chromotography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and led to the identification of 38 compounds. piperitone (72.8%), 4-carene (11.8%) and β-himachalene (7.6%) were found as the major components of the oil. the antimicrobial activity was achieved using disc-diffusion and microbroth dilution assays and microbicidal kinetics of oil was screened against different microorganisms. the possible antioxidant activity of oil was ...201223626392
biogenesis of antibacterial silver nanoparticles using the endophytic bacterium bacillus cereus isolated from garcinia xanthochymus.to synthesize the ecofriendly nanoparticles, which is viewed as an alternative to the chemical method which initiated the use of microbes like bacteria and fungi in their synthesis.201223593575
biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using actinobacterium streptomyces albogriseolus and its antibacterial activity.an eco-friendly approach to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) by extracellular components of streptomyces albogriseolus has been reported. the isolated actinobacteria were genotypically identified by 16s rrna sequencing analysis, and the morphology was observed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. the preliminary characterization of synthesized nanoparticles was carried out using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. the maximum absorption spectra were found to be 409 nm ...201223586961
microbiological assessment of indoor air of a teaching hospital in nigeria.to investigate the quality of indoor air of different wards and units of olabisi onabanjo university teaching hospital, sagamu, to ascertain their contribution to infection rate in the hospital.201223569951
in vitro antimicrobial activity of mangrove plant sonneratia alba.to investigate the antimicrobial property of mangrove plant sonneratia alba (s. alba).201223569943
analysis of the bacterial diversity existing on animal hide and wool: development of a preliminary pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism fingerprint database for identifying isolates.twenty-one bacterial strains were isolated from imported cattle hide and rabbit wool using two types of media, nutrient broth, and nutrient broth with serum. the bacteria identified were brevibacillus laterosporus, leclercia adecarboxylata, peptococcus niger, bacillus circulans, raoultella ornithinolytica, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus thermobacillus, bacillus choshinensis, bacillus sphaericus, acinetobacter haemolyticus, sphingomonas paucimobilis, bacillus thuringiensis, staphylo ...201223451394
applied development of crude enzyme from bacillus cereus in prebiotics and microbial community changes in soil.the chitosanase and chitinase activity were revealed in the culture supernatant of bacillus cereus tku027 with shrimp head powder (shp) as the sole carbon/nitrogen source. the chitosan with 60% degree of deacetylation (dd) was depolymerized by tku027 crude enzyme. the low dp oligomers stimulated the growth of lactobacillus paracasei bcrc12193 and lactobacillus kefir bcrc14011 in a mrs broth supplemented with low dp oligomers for 12 h. conversely, the high dp oligomers (0.1%) had potent inhibitor ...201223399269
food preservative potential of gassericin a-containing concentrate prepared from cheese whey culture supernatant of lactobacillus gasseri la39.gassericin a (ga) is a circular bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus gasseri la39. in this study, ga-containing concentrate was prepared using a cross-flow membrane filtration device (30 kda cut-off) from the culture supernatant of lb. gasseri la39 cultivated in a cheese whey-based food-grade medium. the bacteriocin activity titer in the concentrate was 16 times as high as that of the culture supernatant and was completely maintained through each incubation at 4°c for 3 months, 37°c for 2 month ...201223384356
[analysis of bactericidal material generated by electrical devices advertising bactericidal ability against bacteria on the agar gel plates].several japanese companies sell electrical devices advertised as effective in inactivating viruses and killing bacteria by releasing special materials, e.g., plasmacluster ions, nanoe particle and minus ions, into the air. these companies claim that their devices killed bacteria on plates in their own experiments. we tested device effectiveness using the same experiments from the plasmacluster ioniser sharp co., japan, the nanoe generator panasonic co., japan, and the vion king jim co., japan, t ...201223367847
screening antimicrobial activity of various extracts of urtica dioica.urtica dioica or stinging nettle is traditionally used as an herbal medicine in western asia. the current study represents the investigation of antimicrobial activity of u. dioica from nine crude extracts that were prepared using different organic solvents, obtained from two extraction methods: the soxhlet extractor (method i), which included the use of four solvents with ethyl acetate and hexane, or the sequential partitions (method ii) with a five solvent system (butanol). the antibacterial an ...201223342511
structure of gentlyase, the neutral metalloprotease of paenibacillus polymyxa.gentlyase is a bacterial extracellular metalloprotease that is widely applied in cell culture and for tissue dissociation and that belongs to the family of thermolysin-like proteases. the structure of thermolysin has been known since 1972 and that of bacillus cereus neutral protease since 1992. however, the structure determination of other bacillus neutral proteases has been hindered by their tendency to cannibalistic autolysis. high calcium conditions that allow the concentration and crystalliz ...201223275160
the insect galleria mellonella as a powerful infection model to investigate bacterial pathogenesis.the study of bacterial virulence often requires a suitable animal model. mammalian models of infection are costly and may raise ethical issues. the use of insects as infection models provides a valuable alternative. compared to other non-vertebrate model hosts such as nematodes, insects have a relatively advanced system of antimicrobial defenses and are thus more likely to produce information relevant to the mammalian infection process. like mammals, insects possess a complex innate immune syste ...201223271509
supramolecular coordination and antimicrobial activities of constructed mixed ligand complexes.a novel series of copper(ii) and palladium(ii) with 4-derivatives benzaldehyde pyrazolone (l(n)) were synthesized. the mixed ligand complexes were prepared by using 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) as second ligand. the structure of these complexes was identified and confirm by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, uv-vis, ir and (1)h nmr spectroscopy and magnetic moment measurements as well as thermal analysis. the ligand behaves as a neutral bidentate ligand through on donor sites. esr spectra sho ...201223268204
synthesis, pharmacological activity evaluation and molecular modeling of new polynuclear heterocyclic compounds containing benzimidazole derivatives.novel heterocyclic compounds containing benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized from 2-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl) acetonitrile (1) and arylhydrazononitrile derivative 2 was obtained via coupling of 1 with 4-methyl phenyldiazonium salt, which was then reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give amidooxime derivative 3. this product was cyclized into the corresponding oxadiazole derivative 4 upon reflux in acetic anhydride. compound 4 was refluxed in dmf in the presence of triethylamine to giv ...201223263801
biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene by the mixed culture of bacillus cereus and bacillus vireti isolated from the petrochemical industry.polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of compounds that pose threat to humans and animal life. methods to reduce the amount of pahs in the environment are continuously being sought. the bacterial consortium capable of utilizing benzo(a)pyrene as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from petrochemical soil. the isolates were identified as bacillus cereus and bacillus viretibased on morphological characterization, and 16s rdna gene sequence analysis. about 58.98% of benzo(a)pyr ...201223741789
a new method for rapid and quantitative detection of the bacillus cereus emetic toxin cereulide in food products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis.the bacillus cereus emetic toxin cereulide causes foodborne intoxication, which may occasionally result in severe disease, and even death. to differentially diagnose the emetic-type of foodborne disease caused by b. cereus and assess the safety of commercial food, we developed a rapid method to quantitate cereulide. this method was combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) analysis for the extraction of cereulide from food using a normal-phase silica gel cartridge. ...201223498175
meningitis due to bacillus cereus: a case report and review of the literature.bacillus cereus is infrequently associated with invasive central nervous system (cns) disease. infection is associated with conditions that lead to reduced host immunity and provide direct access to the cns, such as spinal anesthesia and ventricular tubes and shunts. a case of ventriculitis secondary to b cereus in a patient receiving intrathecal chemotherapy is reported, along with a review of the current literature. b cereus can colonize medical devices, thus posing a risk for invasive disease ...201223449377
structural basis of the substrate specificity of bacillus cereus adenosine phosphorylase.purine nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the phosphorolytic cleavage of the glycosidic bond of purine (2'-deoxy)nucleosides, generating the corresponding free base and (2'-deoxy)-ribose 1-phosphate. two classes of pnps have been identified: homotrimers specific for 6-oxopurines and homohexamers that accept both 6-oxopurines and 6-aminopurines. bacillus cereus adenosine phosphorylase (adop) is a hexameric pnp; however, it is highly specific for 6-aminopurines. to investigate the structural basis ...201222349225
influence of inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) on tomato plant growth and nematode reproduction under greenhouse conditions.numerous species of soil bacteria which flourish in the rhizosphere of plants or around plant tissues stimulate plant growth and reduce nematode population by antagonistic behavior. these bacteria are collectively known as pgpr (plant growth promoting rhizobacteria). the effects of six isolates of pgpr pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas fluorescens, serratia marcescens, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus, were studied on tomato plant growth and root knot nematode repr ...201223961220
antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from cheeses and yogurts.the biopreservation of foods using bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated directly from foods is an innovative approach. the objectives of this study were to isolate and identify bacteriocinogenic lab from various cheeses and yogurts and evaluate their antimicrobial effects on selected spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in vitro as well as on a food commodity.lab were isolated using mrs and m17 media. the agar diffusion bioassay was used to screen for bacteriocin or bacterioci ...201222963659
induction of drought tolerance in cucumber plants by a consortium of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium strains.our previous work showed that a consortium of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (pgpr) strains (bacillus cereus ar156, bacillus subtilis sm21, and serratia sp. xy21), termed as bbs for short, was a promising biocontrol agent. the present study investigated its effect on drought tolerance in cucumber plants. after withholding watering for 13 days, bbs-treated cucumber plants had much darker green leaves and substantially lighter wilt symptoms than control plants. compared to the control ...201223285089
the bioc o-methyltransferase catalyzes methyl esterification of malonyl-acyl carrier protein, an essential step in biotin synthesis.recent work implicated the escherichia coli bioc protein as the initiator of the synthetic pathway that forms the pimeloyl moiety of biotin (lin, s., hanson, r. e., and cronan, j. e. (2010) nat. chem. biol. 6, 682-688). bioc was believed to be an o-methyltransferase that methylated the free carboxyl of either malonyl-coa or malonyl-acyl carrier protein based on the ability of o-methylated (but not unmethylated) precursors to bypass the bioc requirement for biotin synthesis both in vivo and in vi ...201222965231
isopeptide bonds of the major pilin protein bcpa influence pilus structure and bundle formation on the surface of bacillus cereus.bacillus cereus strains elaborate pili on their surface using a mechanism of sortase-mediated cross-linking of major and minor pilus components. here we used a combination of electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to visualize these structures. pili occur as single, double or higher order assemblies of filaments formed from monomers of the major pilin, bcpa, capped by the minor pilin, bcpb. previous studies demonstrated that within assembled pili, four domains of bcpa - cna(1), cna(2), ...201222624947
genomic characterization of the bacillus cereus sensu lato species: backdrop to the evolution of bacillus anthracis.the key genes required for bacillus anthracis to cause anthrax have been acquired recently by horizontal gene transfer. to understand the genetic background for the evolution of b. anthracis virulence, we obtained high-redundancy genome sequences of 45 strains of the bacillus cereus sensu lato (s.l.) species that were chosen for their genetic diversity within the species based on the existing multilocus sequence typing scheme. from the resulting data, we called more than 324,000 new genes repres ...201222645259
molecular typing in public health laboratories: from an academic indulgence to an infection control imperative.using three austrian case studies, the variegated applications of molecular typing in today's public health laboratories are discussed to help illustrate preventive management strategies relying on dna subtyping. dna macrorestriction analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis has become the gold standard for subtyping of food borne pathogens like listeria, salmonella, campylobacter and bacillus cereus. using a salmonella mbandaka outbreak from the year 2010 as example, it is shown how the comp ...201222389752
oligo-dna custom macroarray for monitoring major pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi and bacteria in the phyllosphere of apple trees.to monitor the richness in microbial inhabitants in the phyllosphere of apple trees cultivated under various cultural and environmental conditions, we developed an oligo-dna macroarray for major pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi and bacteria inhabiting the phyllosphere of apple trees.201222479577
bacterial quorum sensing: its role in virulence and possibilities for its control.quorum sensing is a process of cell-cell communication that allows bacteria to share information about cell density and adjust gene expression accordingly. this process enables bacteria to express energetically expensive processes as a collective only when the impact of those processes on the environment or on a host will be maximized. among the many traits controlled by quorum sensing is the expression of virulence factors by pathogenic bacteria. here we review the quorum-sensing circuits of st ...201223125205
role of sphingomyelinase in infectious diseases caused by bacillus cereus.bacillus cereus (b. cereus) is a pathogen in opportunistic infections. here we show that bacillus cereus sphingomyelinase (bc-smase) is a virulence factor for septicemia. clinical isolates produced large amounts of bc-smase, grew in vivo, and caused death among mice, but atcc strains isolated from soil did not. a transformant of the atcc strain carrying a recombinant plasmid containing the bc-smase gene grew in vivo, but that with the gene for e53a, which has little enzymatic activity, did not. ...201222701599
drosophila melanogaster selection for survival of bacillus cereus infection: life history trait indirect responses.to study evolved resistance/tolerance in an insect model, we carried out an experimental evolution study using d. melanogaster and the opportunistic pathogen b. cereus as the agent of selection. the selected lines evolved a 3.0- to 3.3-log increase in the concentration of spores required for 50% mortality after 18-24 generations of selection. in the absence of any treatment, selected lines evolved an increase in egg production and delayed development time. the latter response could be interprete ...201223094195
a comparative study of the bactericidal activity and daily disinfection housekeeping surfaces by a new portable pulsed uv radiation device.daily cleaning and disinfecting of non-critical surfaces in the patient-care areas are known to reduce the occurrence of health care-associated infections. however, the conventional means for decontamination of housekeeping surfaces of sites of frequent hand contact such as manual disinfection using ethanol wipes are laborious and time-consuming in daily practice. this study evaluated a newly developed portable pulsed ultraviolet (uv) radiation device for its bactericidal activity in comparison ...201222447288
new heterocyclic compounds from 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole class bearing diphenylsulfone moieties. synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity evaluation.some new 5-(4-(4-x-phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4-(r)-2h-1,2,4-triazol-3(4h)-thiones 4a,b; 5a,b and 5-(4-(4-x-phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)-n-(r)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amines 6a,b; 7a,b were obtained by cyclization of new n(1)-[4-(4-x-phenylsulfonyl)benzoyl]-n(4)-(r)-thiosemicarbazides 2a,b; 3a,b (x=h, br). the 1,2,4-triazoles were synthesized by intramolecular cyclization of acylthiosemicarbazides, in basic media. on the other hand, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles were obtained from same acylthiosemicarbazides, in acidic m ...201222309915
Characterization of Type II and III Restriction-Modification Systems from Bacillus cereus Strains ATCC 10987 and ATCC 14579.The genomes of two Bacillus cereus strains (ATCC 10987 and ATCC 14579) have been sequenced. Here, we report the specificities of type II/III restriction (R) and modification (M) enzymes. Found in the ATCC 10987 strain, BceSI is a restriction endonuclease (REase) with the recognition and cut site CGAAG 24-25/27-28. BceSII is an isoschizomer of AvaII (G/GWCC). BceSIII cleaves at ACGGC 12/14. The BceSIII C terminus resembles the catalytic domains of AlwI, MlyI, and Nt.BstNBI. BceSIV is composed of ...201222037402
screening of freeze-dried protective agents for the formulation of biocontrol strains, bacillus cereus ar156, burkholderia vietnamiensis b418 and pantoea agglomerans 2re40.the effects of different freeze-drying protective agents on the viabilities of biocontrol strains bacillus cereus ar156, burkholderia vietnamiensis b418 and pantoea agglomerans 2re40 were investigated.201222017666
A novel pathogen-binding gC1qR homolog, FcgC1qR, in the Chinese white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis.In vertebrates, the globular "head" of complement component C1q receptor (gC1qR) is a versatile, multiligand binding protein. However, research on its function in invertebrates is limited. In the present study, a full-length cDNA sequence of a novel gC1qR homolog, FcgC1qR, from the Chinese white shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned. Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected FcgC1qR in all examined tissues, with the highest level detected in the intestine. Western blot assa ...201221893092
Biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-galacturonic acid in Bacillus cereus subsp. cytotoxis NVH 391-98.The food borne pathogen Bacillus cereus produces uronic acid-containing glycans that are secreted in a shielding biofilm environment, and certain alkaliphilic Bacillus deposit uronate-glycan polymers in the cell wall when adapting to alkaline environments. The source of these acidic sugars is unknown and, in the present study, we describe the functional identification of an operon in Bacillus cerues subsp. cytotoxis NVH 391-98 that comprises genes involved in the synthesis of UDP-uronic acids in ...201222023070
genome sequencing of bacillus subtilis sc-8, antagonistic to the bacillus cereus group, isolated from traditional korean fermented-soybean food.bacillus subtilis sc-8 is a gram-positive bacterium displaying narrow antagonistic activity for the bacillus cereus group. b. subtilis sc-8 was isolated from korean traditional fermented-soybean food. here we report the draft genome sequence of b. subtilis sc-8, including biosynthetic genes for antibiotics that may have beneficial effects for control of food-borne pathogens.201222207744
enzymes acting on d-amino acid containing peptides.using a synthetic oligopeptide (d-phe)(4), a microorganism bacillus cereus df4-b producing alkaline d-peptidase (adp) was isolated. the enzymatic properties have been characterized; the enzyme showed d-stereospecific dipeptidyl aminopeptidase and endopeptidase activities. the enzyme was active toward (d-phe)(n), boc-(d-phe)(n), (d-phe)(n) methyl ester, d-phe-nh(2), boc-(d-phe)(n) methyl ester, and boc-(d-phe)(n) tert-butyl ester, but not toward (d-ala)(n) (n = 2-4), (d-val)(3), and (d-leu)(2).201221956579
Anti-bacterial studies on Hemigraphis colorata (Blume) H.G. Hallier and Elephantopus scaber L.To examine the ethanol, aqueous, chloroform, benzene, acetone and petroleum ether extracts of, Hemigraphis colorata (H. colorata) leaves and stem and Elephantopus scaber (E. scaber) leaves, root and flower for the presence of phyto-constituents and screened the anti-bacterial activity against the selected pathogens.201222182644
diversity and toxigenicity among members of the bacillus cereus group.members of the bacillus cereus group were isolated from rice products by centrifugation-plating and conventional spread-plating methods. random amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) results showed broad diversity among the strains and revealed some associations among isolates from raw and cooked rice samples, at the genotypic level. a comparatively greater diversity among strains was observed in isolates from raw rice than those from cooked rice and, generally, the rapd ...201222056144
complete genome sequence of bacillus cereus bacteriophage bcp78.bacillus cereus is generally found in soil habitats, and it contaminates a wide variety of foods, causing food poisoning with symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. to develop a novel biocontrol agent to inhibit this pathogen, bacteriophage bcp78 belonging to the siphoviridae family was isolated from a fermented food sample. here we announce the complete genome sequence of bcp78, which may be useful for understanding its inhibition mechanism against b. cereus, and describe major findings from t ...201222158847
diversity and bioactive potential of endospore-forming bacteria cultured from the marine sponge haliclona simulans.despite the frequent isolation of endospore-formers from marine sponges, little is known about the diversity and characterization of individual isolates. the main aims of this study were to isolate and characterize the spore-forming bacteria from the marine sponge haliclona simulans and to examine their potential as a source for bioactive compounds.201221985154
bacillus cereus infection after descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty.purpose: to report the first case of bacillus cereus keratitis leading to panophthalmitis in a patient operated for combined descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (dsek) and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. methods: a 40-year-old woman with corneal decompensation underwent dsek with phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and developed corneal infiltrate in the host cornea progressing to ring corneal abscess and panophthalmitis within ...201222262217
antimicrobial efficacy of achillea ligustica all. (asteraceae) essential oils against reference and isolated oral microorganisms.the aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of achillea ligustica essential oils against several oral microorganisms in comparison with a commercial essential oil-containing mouthrinse (listerine(®) ) and clove oil (containing 89% eugenol). the inhibition efficacy of a. ligustica essential oils alone and in combination with listerine(®) was evaluated by the micro-dilution method. the most susceptible microorganisms were bacillus cereus, streptococcus pyogenes, and candida albicans. th ...201222253099
potential of bacillus cereus strain rs87 for partial replacement of chemical fertilisers in the production of thai rice cultivars.background: there is increasing interest in the development of technologies which can reduce the requirement for chemical fertilisers in rice production. the objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of bacillus cereus strain rs87 for the partial replacement of chemical fertiliser in rice production. a greenhouse experiment was designed using different fertiliser regimes, with and without strain rs87. six thai rice cultivars were tested separately. results: maximum rice growth and ...201222228472
structural studies on antd: an n-acyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of d-anthrose.the unusual dideoxysugar d-anthrose has been identified as an important component in the endospores of such infectious agents as bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus. specifically, it is the terminal sugar on the bacterium's exosporium, and it provides a point of interaction between the spore and the host. the biosynthesis of d-anthrose involves numerous steps starting from α-d-glucose-1-phosphate. here we present a combined structural and functional investigation of antd from b. cereus. this ...201222220494
restricting fermentative potential by proteome remodeling: an adaptive strategy evidenced in bacillus cereus.pathogenesis hinges on successful colonization of the gastrointestinal (gi) tract by pathogenic facultative anaerobes. the gi tract is a carbohydrate-limited environment with varying oxygen availability and oxidoreduction potential (orp). how pathogenic bacteria are able to adapt and grow in these varying conditions remains a key fundamental question. here, we designed a system biology-inspired approach to pinpoint the key regulators allowing bacillus cereus to survive and grow efficiently under ...201222232490
the potential for reductive mobilization of arsenic [as(v) to as(iii)] by osbh(2) (pseudomonas stutzeri) and osbh(5) (bacillus cereus) in an oil-contaminated site.microbial reduction of arsenate [as(v)] plays an important role in arsenic (as) mobilization in aqueous environments. in this study, we investigated reduction of arsenate by different bacterial isolates such as osbh(1) (gu329913), osbh(2) (gu329914), osbh(3) (gu329915), osbh(4) (gu329916) and osbh(5) (gu329917), isolated from the oil sludge of a sewage treatment plant operated by the china petroleum refinery company in kaohsiung, southern taiwan. bacterial strains of pure culture were identified ...201121879856
Global transcriptome analysis of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 in response to silver nitrate stress.ABSTRACT: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Bacillus cereus strains. Earlier, we had synthesized monodispersive crystalline silver nanoparticles using B. cereus PGN1 and ATCC14579 strains. These strains have showed high level of resistance to silver nitrate (1 mM) but their global transcriptomic response has not been studied earlier. In this study, we investigated the cellular and metabolic response of B. cereus ATCC14579 treated with 1 mM silver nitrate for 30 & 60 min. Global ...201122071005
sudden death of a young adult associated with bacillus cereus food poisoning.a lethal intoxication case, which occurred in brussels, belgium, is described. a 20-year-old man died following the ingestion of pasta contaminated with bacillus cereus. emetic strains of b. cereus were isolated, and high levels of cereulide (14.8 μg/g) were found in the spaghetti meal.201122012017
Structure-activity relationship of sphingomyelin analogs with sphingomyelinase from Bacillus cereus.The aim of this study was to examine how structural properties of different sphingomyelin (SM) analogs affected their substrate properties with sphingomyelinase (SMase) from Bacillus cereus. Using molecular docking and dynamics simulations (for SMase-SM complex), we then attempted to explain the relationship between SM structure and enzyme activity. With both micellar and monolayer substrates, 3O-methylated SM was found not to be degraded by the SMase. 2N-methylated SM was a substrate, but was d ...201122044798
bioprospection and selection of bacteria isolated from environments contaminated with petrochemical residues for application in bioremediation.the use of microorganisms with hydrocarbon degrading capability and biosurfactant producers have emerged as an alternative for sustainable treatment of environmental passives. in this study 45 bacteria were isolated from samples contaminated with petrochemical residues, from which 21 were obtained from landfarming soil contaminated with oily sludge, 11 were obtained from petrochemical industry effluents and 13 were originated directly from oily sludge. the metabolization capability of different ...201122805841
microbiological analysis of stuffed mussels sold in the streets.stuffed mussel is a traditional food that sold by street venders in various countries. in the present study, samples of stuffed mussels were collected from various places in ankara. the mussels were analyzed to show the microbiological risks for human health. thirty samples (600 stuffed mussels in total) were collected periodically and microbiological analyses were performed by standard procedures for bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, salmonella sp., clostridium sp. in te ...201122754015
antimicrobial and safety properties of lactobacilli isolated from two cameroonian traditional fermented foods.twenty-one lactobacillus isolates from "sha'a" (a maize - based fermented beverage) and "kossam" (traditionally fermented cow milk) were selected in accordance with their antagonistic activities and tested for their bacteriocinogenic potential as well as safety properties. these isolates were preliminarily identified as lactobacillus plantarum (62%), lactobacillus rhamnosus (24%), lactobacillus fermentum (10%) and lactobacillus coprophilus (4%) based on phenotypic characteristics and rep-pcr gen ...201122396914
interactive and single effects of ectomycorrhiza formation and bacillus cereus on metallothionein mt1 expression and phytoextraction of cd and zn by willows.single and joint ectomycorrhizal (+ hebeloma mesophaeum) and bacterial (+ bacillus cereus) inoculations of willows (salix viminalis) were investigated for their potential and mode of action in the promotion of cadmium (cd) and zinc (zn) phytoextraction. dual fungal and bacterial inoculations promoted the biomass production of willows in contaminated soil. single inoculations either had no effect on the plant growth or inhibited it. all inoculated willows showed increased concentrations of nutrit ...201122389535
substituted salicylaldehydes as potential antimicrobial drugs: minimal inhibitory and microbicidal concentrations.substituted salicylaldehydes are potent antibacterial and antifungal agents and may have chemotherapeutic potential. in the clinical setting, the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) as well as the minimal bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations (mbc and mfc, respectively) are of fundamental interest. therefore, we have now, using a panel of five microbial species (bacillus cereus, candida albicans, escherichia coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and staphylococcus aureus), determined the mic a ...201122351982
carrier tests to assess the effective sporicidal concentration of a liquid chemical disinfectant for a sanitization program.the aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the microbial efficacy against highly resistant bacterial spores on different substrates using the lowest effective concentration of a market liquid sporicide based on peracetic acid. the validation was carried out following modified european regulatory agencies procedures or test methods and usp guidelines, employing carriers of materials usually treated with the sporicidal solution and present in grade a cleanrooms and spores of four differe ...201122293524
antioxidant and antibacterial properties of green, black, and herbal teas of camellia sinensis.the role of non-polymeric phenolic (np) and polymeric tannin (pt) constituents in the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of six brands of green, black, and herbal teas of camellia sinensis were investigated.201122224051
antibacterial activity of various leaf extracts of merremia emarginata.to investigate the antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of the aqueous, methanol and petroleum ether leaf extracts of merremia emarginata (m. emarginata).201123569802
survival and growth of foodborne bacterial pathogens in fermenting dough of wadi, a legume-based indigenous food.wadi is a hollow, brittle, ball- or cone-shaped popular traditional legume-based product of many countries in the indian subcontinent. to prepare wadi, blackgram (phaseolus mungo l.) dhal (dehusked split seeds) was soaked, ground to a soft dough, fermented for 10 h in a closed container, moulded into balls or cones and dried for ~60 h (repeating a cycle of 8 h sun-drying at 29-33 °c and then 16 h shade-drying at 28-30 °c). this study aims at understanding the fate of some selected foodborne bact ...201123572780
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