Publications

expression of yeast inm1 encoding inositol monophosphatase is regulated by inositol, carbon source and growth stage and is decreased by lithium and valproate.	inositol monophosphatase plays a vital role in the de novo biosynthesis of inositol and in the phosphoinositide second messenger signalling pathway. we cloned the saccharomyces cerevisiae open reading frame (orf) yhr046c (termed inm1), which encodes inositol monophosphatase, characterized the protein inm1p and analysed expression of the inm1 gene. inm1 was expressed in bacteria under the control of the lacz promoter. the purified protein has inositol monophosphatase activity that is inhibited by ...	2000	10844654
rotavirus and concurrent infections with other enteropathogens in neonatal diarrheic dairy calves in spain.	faeces samples from 218, one to 30 days old, diarrheic dairy calves in 65 dairy herds were screened for the presence of rotavirus and concurrent infections with coronavirus, cryptosporidium, f5+ escherichia coli and salmonella spp. calves were grouped according to their age as follows: 1-7, 8-14, 15-21 and 22-30 days. rotavirus infection was detected in 46.9%, 45.6%, 33.8% and 48.3% of the calves in the respective age-groups. no significant differences in the detection rate of rotavirus were fou ...	2000	10855663
high levels of background flora inhibits growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 in ground beef.	the influence of natural background flora under aerobic and anaerobic incubation on the growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 in ground beef was investigated. the background flora from eight different commercial ground beef were added to ground beef spiked with e. coli o157:h7 and stored either aerobically or anaerobically at 12 degrees c. the results showed that the presence of a large number of background bacteria in the ground meat inhibited the growth of e. coli o157:h7 both aerobically and ana ...	2000	10857548
molecular cloning and expression of cu/zn-containing superoxide dismutase from fasciola hepatica.	the cytosolic superoxide dismutase (sod) of fasciola hepatica, a causative agent of fascioliasis, was purified and characterized. the enzyme consists of two identical subunits, each with an apparent molecular mass of 17.5 kda. an analysis of the enzyme's primary structure and inhibition studies revealed that the enzyme is a copper/zinc-containing sod (cu/zn-sod). the enzyme activity was relatively stable in a broad ph range, from ph 7.0 to 10.0, and the enzyme showed maximum activity at ph 7.5. ...	2000	10858207
the genetic diversity of predominant escherichia coli strains isolated from cattle fed various amounts of hay and grain(1).	when the 16s rdna of predominant escherichia coli strains from cattle was digested with hhai and haeiii, the strains could be sub-divided into four operational taxonomic units. when genomic dna was digested with xbai, strains could be grouped into 24 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotypes (>95% dice similarity) and five clades (>20% dice similarity). diet (hay versus grain) and gastrointestinal compartment (rumen versus colon) did not have a large impact on diversity. however, both analyses ...	2000	10858581
role of non-o157 vtec.	non-o157 vtec are typical escherichia coli that differ only in their ability to produce verocytotoxins (vt). the transmission of vtec is discussed in relation to the transmission of commensal e. coli. the emergence over the last few decades of a great variety of vtec serotypes from healthy and diseased humans and animals is described. particular attention is given to the distribution of the more important serogroups pathogenic for humans that have been described from around the world, particular ...	2000	10880178
survival of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o157 in soil, water and on surfaces.	cattle and sheep are major reservoirs of escherichia coli o157 and consequently these and certain other farm animals can pass out large numbers of this organism in their faeces. thus the ability of the organism to survive in faeces, on pastureland and in associated water systems has important implications for its spread to crops by direct application of manure, by irrigation with infected water or directly to man by contact with animals or contaminated soil. model systems were used to determine ...	2000	10880181
antigenic and genetic characterization of lipoprotein lppq from mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides sc.	lipoprotein lppq, a predominant 48-kda antigen, and its corresponding gene, lppq, were characterized in mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides sc, the etiological agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. the lppq gene is specific to m. mycoides subsp. mycoides sc and was found in the type strain and in field strains isolated in europe, africa, and australia, as well as in vaccinal strains. lppq is encoded as a precursor with a consensus sequence for prokaryotic signal peptidase ii and a lipid at ...	2000	10882657
influence of hmg-1 and adenovirus oncoprotein e1a on early stages of transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.	the tata-binding protein (tbp) in the tfiid complex binds specifically to the tata-box to initiate the stepwise assembly of the preinitiation complex (pic) for rna polymerase ii transcription. transcriptional activators and repressors compete with general transcription factors at each step to influence the course of the assembly. to investigate this process, the tbp.tata complex was titrated with hmg-1 and the interaction monitored by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. the titration produced ...	2000	10882737
antiviral activity of shiga toxin 1: suppression of bovine leukemia virus-related spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation.	human infections with shiga toxin (stx)-producing escherichia coli (stec) cause hemorrhagic colitis. the stxs belong to a large family of ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips) that are found in a variety of higher plants and some bacteria. many rips have potent antiviral activity for the plants that synthesize them. stec strains, both virulent and nonvirulent to humans, are frequently isolated from healthy cattle. interestingly, despite intensive investigations, it is not known why cattle carry ...	2000	10899843
rotational mobility and orientational stability of a transport protein in lipid membranes.	a single-cysteine mutant of the lactose transport protein lacs(c320a/w399c) from streptococcus thermophilus was selectively labeled with a nitroxide spin label, and its mobility in lipid membranes was studied as a function of its concentration in the membrane by saturation-transfer electron spin resonance. bovine rhodopsin was also selectively spin-labeled and studied to aid the interpretation of the measurements. observations of spin-labeled proteins in macroscopically aligned bilayers indicate ...	2000	10920009
chalcone and stilbene synthases expressed in eucaryotes exhibit reduced cross-reactivity in vitro.	chalcone synthase (chs) and stilbene synthase (sts) catalyze different cyclization reactions of the common tetraketide to give different products, naringenin chalcone and resveratrol, respectively. we have previously observed in vitro cross-reaction of chs and sts overexpressed in escherichia coli, resveratrol production by chs and chalcone production by sts. when expressed in eucaryotic cells, or in e. coli as thioredoxin-fusion proteins, chs and sts exhibited reduced cross-reaction. sts refold ...	2000	10923839
inhibition of six serine proteinases of the human coagulation system by mutants of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor.	a series of 12 bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor variants mutated in the p(4) and p(3) positions of the canonical binding loop containing additional k15r and m52l mutations were used to probe the role of single amino acid substitutions on binding to bovine trypsin and to the following human proteinases involved in blood clotting: plasmin, plasma kallikrein, factors x(a) and xii(a), thrombin, and protein c. the mutants were expressed in escherichia coli as fusion proteins with the le1413 hydrop ...	2000	10930417
p64k meningococcal protein as immunological carrier for weak immunogens.	previously, the p64k meningococcal protein, an antigen of 64 kda expressed in escherichia coli, has been extensively characterized. we have successfully conjugated several synthetic peptides and meningococcal group c polysaccharide to p64k. in three out of four model peptides, the murine humoral immune response against the homologous peptide, evaluated after three doses of conjugate, was higher in the animals immunized with the coupled peptide than in those that received free peptide. the fourth ...	2000	10931377
isolation of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli including o157:h7 strains from dairy cattle and beef samples marketed in calcutta, india.		2000	10933264
coupling efficacy and selectivity of the human mu-opioid receptor expressed as receptor-galpha fusion proteins in escherichia coli.	two constructs encoding the human micro-opioid receptor (hmor) fused at its c terminus to either one of two galpha subunits, galpha(o1) (hmor-galpha(o1)) and galpha(i2) (hmor-galpha(i2)), were expressed in escherichia coli at levels suitable for pharmacological studies (0.4-0.5 pmol/mg). receptors fused to galpha(o1) or to galpha(i2) maintained high-affinity binding of the antagonist diprenorphine. affinities of the micro-selective agonists morphine, [d-ala(2),n-me-phe(4),gly(5)-ol]enkephalin (d ...	2000	10936202
enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 target peyer's patches in humans and cause attaching/effacing lesions in both human and bovine intestine.	enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) constitute a significant risk to human health worldwide, and infections, particularly with serogroup o157:h7, are associated with consumption of a variety of food and water vehicles, particularly food of bovine origin. ehec cause acute gastroenteritis, bloody diarrhoea, and haemorrhagic colitis; up to 10% of cases develop severe complications, including the haemolytic uraemic syndrome, with a 5% case fatality. a virulence characteristic of enteropathoge ...	2000	10940275
[detection of escherichia coli strains harboring pathogenicity island of yersinia enterolitica in diarrheal patients and animals in china].	to investigate the prevalence of escherichia coil strains harboring high pathogenicity island of yersinia enterocolitica in diarrhea patients, animals, food samples and resulted clinical symptoms.	2000	11860774
biological activities of bovine glycomacropeptide.	biological activity of bovine kappa-caseino glycomacropeptide (gmp) has received much attention in recent years. research has focused on the ability of gmp to bind cholera and escherichia coli enterotoxins, inhibit bacterial and viral adhesion, suppress gastric secretions, promote bifidobacterial growth and modulate immune system responses. of these, protection against toxins, bacteria, and viruses and modulation of the immune system are the most promising applications.	2000	11242445
survival of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli o157:h7 in poultry manure and manure slurry at sublethal temperatures.	exponential inactivation was observed for salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli o157:h7 in poultry manure with decimal reduction times ranging from half a day at 37 c to 1-2 wk at 4 c. there was no material difference in inactivation rates between s. typhimurium and e. coli o157:h7. inactivation was slower in slurries made by mixing two parts of water with one part of manure; decimal reduction times (time required for 90% destruction) ranged from 1-2 days at 37 c to 6-22 wk at 4 c. escheri ...	2000	11195639
virulence genotypes and serotypes of verotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from cattle and foods in argentina. importance in public health.	virulence factors of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) strains isolated from hamburgers and ground beef were studied in argentina by pcr. their virulence profiles were correlated with those corresponding to strains isolated from calves and adult cattle. most virulent profiles (vts+ eae+ mp+) were present in e. coli from healthy and diarrheic calves corresponding to o5:h-, o5:h27, o20:h?, o26:h11, o38:h?, o103:h-, o103:h2, o111:h-, o118:h16, o165:h-serotypes. the presence of the eae gen ...	2000	11142505
[epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of bovine acute escherichia coli mastitis, a literature review].	comparisons of the rate of incidence of clinical mastitis caused by e. coli during the last 40 years demonstrate the increasing significance of this disease for modern milk production. because of the acute nature of this disease it was not possible until now to establish by documentary evidence a spontaneous case from the beginning on--and thereby to give certain evidence to the pathogenesis. nevertheless a multitude of reports about experimentally caused mastitis or observations of solitary asp ...	2000	11153230
effects of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on enterotoxigenic escherichia coli virulence factors.	eight enterotoxigenic escherichia coli were studied with the aim of investigating the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on their adherence properties and on the expression of thermolabile enterotoxin. our data showed that the hydrophobicity on the bacterial cell surface, the hemagglutination properties, and thermolabile enterotoxin production were considerably reduced after treatment with subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin, suggesting that ciprofloxacin may be ca ...	2000	11154030
the escherichia coli pii signal transduction protein regulates the activities of the two-component system transmitter protein nrii by direct interaction with the kinase domain of the transmitter module.	the pii signal transduction protein regulates the transcription of nitrogen-regulated genes by controlling the kinase and phosphatase activities of nrii. we used a cross-linking approach to study the interaction of the t-loop of the pii protein with nrii. cross-linking of pii to nrii required atp and 2-ketoglutarate, allosteric effectors known to control pii activity, and was not affected by the presence of excess nonspecific proteins such as bovine serum albumin. the purified cross-linked speci ...	2000	11063581
host defense function in neutrophils from the american bison (bison bison).	selected host defense functions of neutrophils isolated from american bison (bison bison) were characterized and compared with those of cattle (bos taurus). bison neutrophils had a robust chemotactic response to both il-8 and ltb(4), with maximal responses occurring at 10(-7) m (il-8) and 10(-8) m (ltb(4)). the magnitude of the chemotactic response to il-8 was similar in bison and bovine neutrophils (except at 10(-7) m il-8, where bison had a stronger response). in response to ltb(4), bison neut ...	2000	11064290
survival of escherichia coli o157 in faeces of experimentally infected rats and domestic pigeons.	in order to evaluate the role of some synanthropic animals in the spreading of escherichia coli o157, laboratory rats and domestic pigeons were experimentally infected per os with e. coli o157. rats infected with 10(5) colony forming units (cfu) (n = 5) and 10(9) cfu (n = 5) shed e. coli o157 for 2 +/- 1.7 d and 9.8 +/- 1.3 d, respectively. in the faeces of infected rats stored at 4 degrees c in a moist environment, at 4 degrees c in a dry environment or at 20 degrees c in a moist environment, e ...	2000	11069635
in situ hybridization method for studies of cell wall deficient m. paratuberculosis in tissue samples.	cell wall deficient forms of mycobacteria may be important in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease and sarcoidosis. however, no method has been available to localize this type of organisms in tissue sections. we developed an in situ hybridization method for the demonstration of mycobacterium paratuberculosis spheroplasts (cell wall deficient forms) in paraffin embedded tissue sections.m. paratuberculosis spheroplasts were prepared by treatment with glycine and lysozyme. pieces of beef were inject ...	2000	11118736
tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitrite/nitrate responses during acute mastitis induced by escherichia coli infection and endotoxin in dairy cows.	concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and of no(x) (sum of nitrite and nitrate as indicators of endogenous nitric oxide production) in milk and blood plasma were measured in three mastitis models in dairy cows in early lactation. escherichia coli p4:o37 bacteria or endotoxin o111:b4 were administered into both left quarters of 12 and 6 cows, respectively. six of the e. coli-infected cows were treated with a bactericidal antibiotic (enrofloxacin; bayer ag, leverkusen, germany) ...	2000	11118787
multiple restraints to the unfolding of spermidine nucleoids from escherichia coli.	bacterial dna is largely localized in compact bodies known as nucleoids. the structure of the bacterial nucleoid and the forces that maintain its dna in a highly compact yet accessible form are largely unknown. in the present study, we used urea to cause controlled unfolding of spermidine nucleoids isolated from escherichia coli to determine factors that are involved in nucleoid compaction. isolated nucleoids unfolded at approximately 3.2 m urea. addition of pancreatic rnase reduced the urea con ...	2000	11121306
identification of escherichia coli recovered from milk of sows with coliform mastitis by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) using standardized reagents.	a standardized-reagents commercial kit for random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used for typing 58 escherichia coli strains that were recovered from the milk of sows, having coliform mastitis, within a single swineherd in sweden. previously, the 58 e. coli strains were characterized serologically and profiled biochemically. they were also evaluated for their serum resistance and their ability to adhere to fibronectin and bovine fetal fibroblasts. the rapd analysis was fast, easil ...	2000	11126575
relationship between intra-uterine bacterial contamination, endotoxin levels and the development of endometritis in postpartum cows with dystocia or retained placenta.	a study was conducted to investigate the relationship between intra-uterine bacterial contamination, endotoxin levels and the development of endometritis in cows that experienced a dystocia or retained their placenta. fifteen healthy cows, 31 cows with retained placenta (rp) and 13 cows that had dystocia were clinically examined 1 or 2 days after parturition when a uterine swab for bacteriological examination was taken. in addition, plasma and uterine lochia samples were collected to determine l ...	2000	11131320
effects of diet on rumen proliferation and fecal shedding of escherichia coil o157:h7 in calves.	calves inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7 and fed either a high-roughage or high-concentrate diet were evaluated for rumen proliferation and fecal shedding of e. coli o157:h7. calves fed the high-roughage diet had lower mean rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations and higher rumen ph values than did calves fed the high-concentrate diet. despite these differences in rumen conditions, the calves fed the high-roughage diet did not have greater rumen populations of e. coli o157: h7 and did no ...	2000	11131882
validation of acid washes as critical control points in hazard analysis and critical control point systems.	a 2% lactic acid wash used in a large meat-processing facility was validated as an effective critical control point (ccp) in a hazard analysis and critical control point (haccp) plan. we examined the microbial profiles of beef carcasses before the acid wash, beef carcasses immediately after the acid wash, beef carcasses 24 h after the acid wash, beef subprimal cuts from the acid-washed carcasses, and on ground beef made from acid-washed carcasses. total mesophilic, psychrotrophic, coliforms, gen ...	2000	11131890
an optimized recipe for cloning of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified dna inserts into plasmid vectors.	this study compares a number of parameters that are important in the ligation of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified dna inserts into plasmid vectors and their efficient transformation to bacterial cells. the parameters covered were: t4 polynucleotide kinase treatment followed by either the large fragment of e. coli dna polymerase or t4 dna polymerase reactions, the amount of t4 dna ligase, temperature and duration of ligation, molar ratio of insert to vector as well as the total dna concent ...	2000	11310983
phenylarsine oxide inhibits nitric oxide synthase in pulmonary artery endothelial cells.	the role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation during regulation of no synthase (enos) activity in endothelial cells is poorly understood. studies to define this role have used inhibitors of tyrosine kinase or tyrosine phosphatase (tp). phenylarsine oxide (pao), an inhibitor of tp, has been reported to bind thiol groups, and recent work from our laboratory demonstrates that enos activity depends on thiol groups at its catalytic site. therefore, we hypothesized that pao may have a direct effect on ...	2000	11281283
[action of natural gamma-interferons on functional activity of phagocytes and antibody synthesis after vaccination].	natural swine and cattle gamma-ifns were prepared for trials. one dose of gamma-suiferon contained 1000 iu, that of gamma-boviferon--2000 iu. three series of researches were carried out to estimate the in vitro and in vivo absorbing activity of phagocytes (monocytes and neutrophiles), their bactericidal ability (on new born pigs and calves, 2 months old animals, sows and cows with calf) and antibodygenesis after immunization of animals by colibacteriosis vaccine. it has been shown in trials that ...	2000	11247346
effects of ph and acid resistance on the radiation resistance of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli.	the effects of ph and the induction of ph-dependent stationary-phase acid resistance on the radiation resistance of escherichia coli were determined for seven enterohemorrhagic strains and one nonenterohemorrhagic strain. the isolates were grown in acidogenic or nonacidogenic media to ph levels of approximately 4.7 and 7.2, respectively. the cells were then transferred to brain heart infusion (bhi) broth adjusted to ph 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, and 5.5 (with hcl) that was preequilibrated to 2 degrees c, an ...	1999	10090239
a recombinant bovine gallbladder mucin polypeptide binds biliary lipids and accelerates cholesterol crystal appearance time.	mucin has a central role in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones, in part because of its ability to bind biliary lipids and accelerate cholesterol crystal appearance time. previous studies have localized these properties to nonglycosylated mucin domains, and we have recently shown that these domains contain a series of 127-amino acid, cysteine-rich repeats. the aim of this study was to express a recombinant mucin polypeptide containing these repeats and investigate its lipid-binding and pr ...	1999	10092316
expression and characterization of e. coli-produced soluble, functional human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase: a potential target for immunosuppression.	human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hudhodh) is essential for de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines and the target of two immunosuppressive drugs, brequinar and the leflunomide metabolite a77-1726 (chen et al., 1992; davis et al., 1996). using a t7 rna polymerase expression system, we produced hudhodh as a fusion protein containing an amino-terminal decahistidine tag. escherichia coli growth and expression conditions were optimized to enhance hudhodh solubility and to permit purification of the en ...	1999	10941801
rapid and sensitive detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 in bovine faeces by a multiplex pcr.	cattle are considered the major reservoir for escherichia coli o157:h7, one of the newly emerged foodborne human pathogens of animal origin and a leading cause of haemorrhagic colitis in humans. a sensitive test that can accurately and rapidly detect the organism in the food animal production environment is critically needed to monitor the emergence, transmission, and colonization of this pathogen in the animal reservoir. in this study, a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was ...	1999	10664910
purification and characterization of chitin-binding proteins from the hemolymph of sweet potato hornworm, agrius convolvuli.	three chitin-binding proteins (cbps: cbp9, cbp15, cbp66) were identified from the larval hemolymph of sweet potato hornworm, agrius convolvuli. two (cbp9 and cbp15) of them have been isolated and purified by gel filtration (superdex hr 75), cation-exchange chromatography (mono s), and reverse-phase chromatography (murpc pc 2.1/3). in experiments to detect cbps in hemolymph, we examined whether ionic strength and existence of bovine serum albumin in the incubation solution influenced binding affi ...	1999	10665375
the effects of the surface charge and hydrophobicity of escherichia coli on its adhesion to beef muscle.	the surface characteristics of escherichia coli strains were studied to evaluate the effect upon bacterial adhesion to beef muscle. the influence of suspension conditions upon the surface charge of a pathogenic strain, e. coli o157:h7 (ec01), and a saprophytic laboratory strain, e. coli jm109 (ec22) were investigated and compared. the cellular surface charge of most e. coli o157:h7 strains were much less affected by changes in the ph, ionic strength or concentration of surfactants in the suspend ...	1999	10634709
phosphoserine aminotransferase, the second step-catalyzing enzyme for serine biosynthesis.	as a step toward analyzing the serine biosynthetic pathway in mammals, we have studied the properties of phosphoserine aminotransferase, the second step-catalyzing enzyme. the k(m) values for 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate and l-phosphoserine are 5 and 35 microm, respectively, and those for glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate are 1.2 and 0.8 mm, respectively. the product inhibition studies strengthened the support for a ping-pong mechanism and allowed evaluation of ki values for the four substrates. the ...	1999	10637769
interactions of the papovavirus dna replication initiator proteins, bovine papillomavirus type 1 e1 and simian virus 40 large t antigen, with human replication protein a.	papovaviruses utilize predominantly cellular dna replication proteins to replicate their own viral genomes. to appropriate the cellular dna replication machinery, simian virus 40 (sv40) large t antigen (tag) binds to three different cellular replication proteins, the dna polymerase alpha-primase complex, the replication protein a (rpa) complex, and topoisomerase i. the functionally similar papillomavirus e1 protein has also been shown to bind to the dna polymerase alpha-primase complex. enzyme-l ...	1999	10233951
patterning cells and their environments using multiple laminar fluid flows in capillary networks.	this paper describes the use of laminar flow of liquids in capillary systems to pattern the cell culture substrate, to perform patterned cell deposition, and to pattern the cell culture media. we demonstrate the patterning of the cell culture substrate with different proteins, the patterning of different types of cells adjacent to each other, the patterned delivery of chemicals to adhered cells, and performing enzymatic reactions over select cells or over a portion of a cell. this method offers ...	1999	10318920
evaluation of the role of endotoxin and cortisol on modulation of cd18 adhesion receptors in cows with mastitis caused by escherichia coli.	to determine the effect of mastitis caused by escherichia coli on expression of cd18 cell surface receptors and to evaluate the involvement and regulation of receptors by lipopolysaccharide (lps) and cortisol.	1999	10328420
expression of recombinant bovine l-selectin in escherichia coli and insect cells.	bovine l-selectin was expressed in bacteria using pgex vector and in insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus in order to obtain recombinant protein for preparation of specific antiserum and its functional studies. in bacterial expression, l-selectin fusion protein with glutathione s-transferase was detected in the insoluble fraction with the expected molecular weight of 60 kda by sds-page and reacted with anti-bovine cd62l monoclonal antibody in immunoblot analysis. in insect cells in ...	1999	10331197
activation of toxin adp-ribosyltransferases by eukaryotic adp-ribosylation factors.	adp-ribosylation factors (arfs) are members of a multigene family of 20-kda guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that are regulatory components in several pathways of intracellular vesicular trafficking. the relatively small (approximately 180-amino acids) arf proteins interact with a variety of molecules (in addition to gtp/gdp, of course). cholera toxin was the first to be recognized, hence the name. later it was shown that arf also activates phospholipase d. different parts of the molecule are ...	1999	10331652
recombinant chicken ifn-gamma expressed in escherichia coli: analysis of c-terminal truncation and effect on biologic activity.	interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) possesses potent immunostimulatory properties, and it has recently been shown to have potential therapeutic properties. recombinant protein technology is frequently used for commercial production of therapeutics, such as ifn. biologically active recombinant chicken ifn-gamma (rchifn-gamma) constructs bearing an n-terminal poly-his tag were expressed in escherichia coli. preparations of rchifn-gamma contained varying ratios of a full-length and a truncated protein spe ...	1999	10334390
genomic dna restriction site heterogeneity in bovine pasteurella multocida serogroup a isolates detected with an rrna probe.	a total of 81 pasteurella multocida isolates from healthy and diseased dairy and beef cattle originating from various geographical locations was examined by rrna gene restriction site polymorphism analysis (ribotyping), restriction endonuclease analysis (rea), sds-page analysis of whole-cell (wcp) and outer-membrane (omp) proteins, and capsule and somatic serotyping. bacterial strains were isolated from nose, lung and in one case testicle, of holstein and cross-bred beef cattle. the isolates rep ...	1999	10334595
new general approach for determining the solution structure of a ligand bound weakly to a receptor: structure of a fibrinogen aalpha-like peptide bound to thrombin (s195a) obtained using noe distance constraints and an ecepp/3 flexible docking program.	a new approach incorporating flexible docking simulations and nmr data is presented for calculating the bound conformation of a ligand that interacts weakly with an enzyme. this approach consists of sampling directly the conformation of a flexible ligand inside a receptor active site containing surrounding flexible loops. to make this sampling efficient, a ligand-growing procedure has been adopted. optimization of the ecepp/3-plus-noe constraint function is carried out by using a collective vari ...	1999	10336381
[detection of pas gene in shiga toxin producing escherichia coli (stec)].	results of detection of the pas gene in 10 shigatoxin-producing escherichia coli strains (stec) isolated from foods (raw milk, certified milk, and beef) and in 18 enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli strains (ehec) isolated from stool samples of patients suffering from hus, diarrhea or from carriers without symptoms are given. all isolates showed the eae gene coding for intimin. we could make sure by using pcr that all isolates showed the pas gene, too. this gene is a factor mainly responsible fo ...	1999	10337054
the use of non-immune plasma powder in the prophylaxis of neonatal escherichia coli diarrhoea in calves.	the protective use of plasma powder from cattle and swine against experimentally induced neonatal e. coli diarrhoea in colostrum-deprived calves was examined. diarrhoea was induced with a strain expressing f5+ fimbriae and a strain expressing f17+ fimbriae. in all groups supplemented with bovine plasma powder, diarrhoea and fever were less severe than in the control groups. for the groups infected with the f5+ e. coli strain, a reduction in excretion of the challenge strain by 2-4 orders of magn ...	1999	10337234
growth of starved escherichia coli o157 cells in selective and non-selective media.	escherichia coli o157 strains starved in sterile deionized water (sdw) and filter-sterilized natural river water (srw) were investigated with specific reference to their culturability in selective and non-selective media. growth of the strains starved in both sdw and srw were markedly suppressed with time in selective liquid media such as modified trypticase soy broth supplemented with novobiocin (mtsb+n) and modified e. coli broth supplemented with novobiocin (mec+n). this suppression was more ...	1999	10338190
incidence of salmonella on beef carcasses relating to the u.s. meat and poultry inspection regulations.	this article is part of a major study designed to collect baseline contamination data by sampling beef carcasses in seven slaughtering plants (four steer-heifer and three cow-bull plants) during both a dry season (november to january) and a wet season (may to june). samples (n = 30) were excised from each of three carcass anatomical sites (brisket, flank, and rump) at each of three points in the slaughtering chain (pre-evisceration, following final carcass washing, after 24-h carcass chilling). ...	1999	10340666
infection of gnotobiotic calves with escherichia coli o157:h7 strain a84.	six colostrum-deprived, hysterotomy-derived calves were maintained under sterile conditions and fed a milk replacer diet. at five days of age, five of the calves were dosed orally with 10(9) cfu of escherichia coli o157:h7 strain a84. they were killed after, one, two, six, 12 and 24 days, and samples were taken for bacteriological and pathological examination. the sixth uninfected control calf was killed at seven days of age and matched samples were taken for pathological comparison. the animals ...	1999	10358875
identification of the rna-binding, dimerization, and eif4gi-binding domains of rotavirus nonstructural protein nsp3.	the rotavirus nonstructural protein nsp3 is a sequence-specific rna binding protein that binds the nonpolyadenylated 3' end of the rotavirus mrnas. nsp3 also interacts with the translation initiation factor eif4gi and competes with the poly(a) binding protein. deletion mutations and point mutations of nsp3 from group a rotavirus (nsp3a), expressed in escherichia coli, indicate that the rna binding domain lies between amino acids 4 and 149. similar results were obtained with nsp3 from group c rot ...	1999	10364288
afa and f17 adhesins produced by pathogenic escherichia coli strains in domestic animals.	afa and f17 are afimbrial and fimbrial adhesins, respectively, produced by pathogenic escherichia coli strains in domestic animals. f17-related fimbriae are mainly detected on bovine and ovine e. coli associated with diarrhoea or septicaemia. the f17-g adhesin subunits recognize n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (glcnac) receptors present on bovine intestinal cells. some f17 subtypes also bind to glcnac receptors present on human uroepithelial and intestinal caco-2 cells or to the laminin contained in the ...	1999	10367361
[udder health on dairy farms. 1. results of a longitudinal study on 300 dutch farms].	udder health was studied in 300 dairy herds grouped in three categories according to the bulk milk somatic cell count. in all herds, lactating cows were housed in a free-stall barn during the winter. all herds participated in a three or four-weekly milk recording system, had annual production quota between 300,000 and 900,000 kg, and were stocked with cows of the holstein-friesian or dutch friesian breeds. the incidence of clinical mastitis was not different among herds with a low (< or = 150,00 ...	1999	10372420
role of lactosyl glycan sequences in inhibiting enteropathogenic escherichia coli attachment.	previously, we found that asialo-lactosamine sequences served as receptors for enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) binding to chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. in the present report, we have extended these earlier results by examining the ability of lactosamine- or fucosylated lactosamine-bovine serum albumin (bsa) glycoconjugates to inhibit epec, strain e2348/69, binding to hep-2 cells. we found that, consistent with our previous findings with cho cells, n-acetyllactosamine-bsa was the mo ...	1999	10377105
assessment of the microbiological conditions of tails, tongues, and head meats at two beef-packing plants.	newly skinned tails of beef carcasses at two packing plants were similarly contaminated with total aerobes and with coliforms that were largely escherichia coli at log mean numbers about 3.5/cm2 and 4.5/100 cm2, respectively. the log mean numbers of aerobes and coliforms on the skinned tails after washing at plant a were, respectively, 1 and 2 log units less than the numbers on the newly skinned tails. at plant b, the log mean numbers of aerobes on skinned and on washed tails were similar while ...	1999	10382660
[prevalence and serotypes of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) isolates from dairy cattle].	to clarify the source of infection and route of transmission of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) in humans, we collected fresh feces from healthy dairy cattle reared in hokkaido, fukushima, kanagawa and okinawa prefectures between june 1996 and march 1997, and attempted to isolate vtec. the results are described below. 1) vtec was isolated from 68 (27.1%) of 251 fecal samples tested. vtec was isolated from 14 (28.0%) of 50 in hokkaido, 13 (26.0%) of 50 in fukushima, 20 (39.2%) of ...	1999	10386024
effect of cattle diet on escherichia coli o157:h7 acid resistance.	the duration of shedding of escherichia coli o157 isolates by hay-fed and grain-fed steers experimentally inoculated with e. coli o157:h7 was compared, as well as the acid resistance of the bacteria. the hay-fed animals shed e. coli o157 longer than the grain-fed animals, and irrespective of diet, these bacteria were equally acid resistant. feeding cattle hay may increase human infections with e. coli o157:h7.	1999	10388727
shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157 in feedlot cattle and norwegian rats from a large-scale farm.	a total of 365 faecal samples from different categories of cattle, 12 samples of untreated slurry, 50 samples of fresh droppings of feral domestic pigeons, 20 samples of fresh droppings of domestic sparrows and stool samples of 19 synanthropic rodents were examined for the presence of escherichia coli by broth enrichment culture and a subsequent immunomagnetic separation. escherichia coli o157 was found in 72 (20%) bovine samples, six (50%) samples of untreated slurry and four (40%) of 10 rats ( ...	1999	10389259
peroxynitrite-mediated modification of proteins at physiological carbon dioxide concentration: ph dependence of carbonyl formation, tyrosine nitration, and methionine oxidation.	the ability of peroxynitrite to modify amino acid residues in glutamine synthetase (gs) and bsa is greatly influenced by ph and co2. at physiological concentrations of co2 (1.3 mm), the generation of carbonyl groups (0.2-0.4 equivalents/subunit) is little affected by ph over the range of 7.2-9.0, but, in the absence of co2, carbonyl formation increases (from 0.1- 1.2 equivalents/subunit) as the ph is raised from 7.2 to 10.5. this increase is attributable, in part but not entirely, to the increas ...	1999	10393903
decay-accelerating factor and cytoskeleton redistribution pattern in hela cells infected with recombinant escherichia coli strains expressing dr family of adhesins.	escherichia coli strains expressing dr fimbriae are able to enter epithelial cells by interacting with a complement-regulatory protein, decay-accelerating factor. this model of bacterial internalization, with a well-characterized bacterial ligand and host receptor, provides a unique opportunity to investigate the early stages of invasion. we used immunofluorescence staining techniques to examine the distribution of receptor and cytoskeletal proteins in hela cells infected with e. coli recombinan ...	1999	10417165
purification and properties of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides from sheep and goat leukocytes.	we purified three proline-rich antimicrobial peptides from elastase-treated extracts of sheep and goat leukocytes and subjected two of them, oabac5alpha and chbac5, to detailed analysis. oabac5alpha and chbac5 were homologous to each other and to bovine bac5. both exhibited potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity under low-concentration salt conditions. while the peptides remained active against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, and listeria monocytogenes in 100 ...	1999	10417180
acute phase response in dairy cows with experimentally induced escherichia coli mastitis.	six finnish ayrshire cows were challenged intramammarily with 1500 cfu of escherichia coli (e. coli) into single udder quarters, and the challenge was repeated into contralateral quarters 3 weeks later. all cows received flunixine meglumine once, and 3 of them were also treated with enrofloxacin. at the 2nd challenge, treatments were changed vice versa. the development of mastitis was followed by monitoring of systemic and local clinical signs, and with serial milk and serum samples. intramammar ...	1999	10418194
isolation of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157:h7 from cattle at slaughter in italy.	cattle arriving for slaughter at a large abattoir in northern italy between april 1997 and january 1998 were examined for intestinal carriage of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) o157 using an immunomagnetic separation technique. sixty sorbitol non-fermenting vtec o157 strains were isolated from 59 (13.1%) of the 450 cattle examined. in particular, vtec o157 was found in 37 (16.6%) of 223 feedlot cattle and in 22 (16.1%) of 137 dairy cull cows, but not in the 90 veal calves sampled ...	1999	10418874
factors associated with fecal shedding of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157 on dairy farms.	fecal samples were collected from 4,361 dairy cows on 91 dairy operations between 26 february and 8 july 1996. fecal samples were cultured for escherichia coli o157, and positive isolates were probed for verotoxin-producing genes. a total of 52 (1.2%) fecal samples on 22 (24.2%) operations were positive for verotoxin-producing e. coli o157. herds in which samples were collected on or after 1 may 1996 were significantly more likely to test positive than herds sampled before that date (odds ratio ...	1999	10419200
antibacterial effect of lactoferricin b on escherichia coli o157:h7 in ground beef.	the antibacterial activity of lactoferricin b on enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 in 1% peptone medium and ground beef was studied at 4 and 10 degrees c. in 1% peptone medium, 50 and 100 microg of lactoferricin b per ml reduced e. coli o157:h7 populations by approximately 0.7 and 2.0 log cfu/ml, respectively. studies comparing the antibacterial effect of lactoferricin b on e. coli o157:h7 in 1% peptone at ph 5.5 and 7.2 did not reveal any significant difference (p > 0.5) at the two ph ...	1999	10419266
excretion of vtec o157 by cattle.		1999	10420488
a chromogenic plating medium for isolating escherichia coli o157:h7 from beef.	there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the percentages of escherichia coli o157:h7 cells recovered on bcm o157:h7 (+) agar (69.7%) and macconkey sorbitol agar containing 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-d-glucuronic acid (msa-bcig) (76.8%) vs tryptic soy agar. three e. coli o157:h7 strains (atcc 35150, 43890 and 43894) were separately inoculated into raw ground beef at low (mean 0.32 cfu g-1) and high (mean 3.12 cfu g-1) levels. using the united states department of agriculture (usda) ...	1999	10432628
antibodies produced by mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing two different types of a major theileria sergenti surface antigen (p32) react with the native surface antigen.	a 32 kda major surface antigen, p32, of theileria sergenti at the piroplasm stage is the main target of the host immune response. the immunogenic property of the p32 varies in some strains among the population of theileria sergenti in japan where the chitose type and the ikeda type are the most common varieties. we have constructed vaccinia virus recombinants vv/p32c and vv/p32i which harbor the chitose and ikeda types of p32 gene, respectively. it was found that vv/p32c and vv/p32i produced typ ...	1999	10435791
stability, activity and flexibility in alpha-lactalbumin.	alpha-lactalbumins and the type-c lysozymes are homologues with similar folds that differ in function and stability. to determine if the lower stability of alpha-lactalbumin results from specific substitutions required for its adaptation to a new function, the effects of lysozyme-based and other substitutions on thermal stability were determined. unblocking the upper cleft in alpha-lactalbumin by replacing tyr103 with ala, perturbs stability and structure but pro, which also generates an open cl ...	1999	10436084
the metal function in the reactions of bovine serum amine oxidase with substrates and hydrazine inhibitors.	bovine serum amine oxidase (bsao) reacts with 2-hydrazinopyridine, which binds the organic co-factor 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone, forming a band at 435 nm. the band shifts to 526 nm around 60 degrees c, to 415 nm upon denaturation, but only shifts to 429 nm upon cu2+ depletion. its wavelength and intensity suggest that the adduct has the azo conformation, whilst the same adduct of crystalline escherichia coli amine oxidase (ecao) shows the hydrazone conformation in the x-ray structure. ...	1999	10439080
semi-automated fluorogenic pcr assays (taqman) forrapid detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 and other shiga toxigenic e. coli.	semi-automated detection of enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 and non-o157:h7 shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) was achieved using fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction (pcr). these pcr assays were designed to amplify 80, 120 and 150 bp regions of virulence genes stx1, stx2 and eaea, respectively, using specific primers. the fluorogenic probes were used for specific detection of amplified products of the stx1 and stx2 genes of stec, and the eaea gene of ehec o157:h7. for mult ...	1999	10441202
antibacterial effects of lactoferricin b.	the antimicrobial peptide, lactoferricin, can be generated upon gastric pepsin cleavage of lactoferrin. we have examined the inhibitory efficacy of lactoferricin of bovine origin (lf-cin b) on escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and staphylococcus aureus with or without a cell wall. we found that spheroplasts and protoplasts had a lower mic than their counterparts with a cell wall. we also compared the efficacies of lf-cin b (17-31) made of all l-amino acids and all d-amino acids. the peptide ma ...	1999	10447329
the role of the amino-terminal beta-barrel domain of the alpha and beta subunits in the yeast f1-atpase.	the crystal structure of mitochondrial f1-atpase indicates that the alpha and beta subunits fold into a structure defined by three domains: the top beta-barrel domain, the middle nucleotide-binding domain, and the c-terminal alpha-helix bundle domain (abrahams et al., 1994); bianchet et al., 1998). the beta-barrel domains of the alpha and beta subunits form a crown structure at the top of f1, which was suggested to stabilize it (abrahams et al. 1994). in this study, the role of the beta-barrel d ...	1999	10449236
genetic subtyping of escherichia coli o157 isolates from 41 pacific northwest usa cattle farms.	escherichia coli o157 (n = 376) from 41 cattle farms were subtyped using pulsed field gel electrophoresis of endonuclease cleaved chromosomal dna. cleavage with xbai resulted in 81 subtypes. fifty-one isolates from subtypes found in more than one herd, or in herds on multiple sample collection dates were compared using the endonuclease noti, resulting in 23 additional subtypes. up to 11 xbai subtypes were found per farm with up to 7 subtypes/farm identified from a single date. indistinguishable ...	1999	10459653
hydrochloric acid treatment for rapid recovery of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o26, o111 and o157 from faeces, food and environmental samples.	we developed a hydrochloric acid treatment for the isolation of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) o26:h11, o111:h- and o157:h7 strains from a variety of samples. after exposure to an equal volume of 1/8n hcl solution for 30 sec, the fecal suspensions and enrichment cultures were spread onto cefixime-tellurite-sorbitol-macconkey (ct-smac) agar. this hcl treatment increased the sensitivity for detection of stec o26:h11, o111:h- and o157:h7 strains and decreased the growth of other micr ...	1999	10467660
a reverse-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for verocytotoxin 1 and 2 antibodies in human and bovine sera.	a reverse-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), in which an antibody is sandwiched by antigens, was established for the titration of antibodies to verocytotoxins (vt) in human and animal sera. this assay has two advantages over a conventional indirect elisa: (i) higher specificity and sensitivity and (ii) the ability to comparably titrate antibodies from different species. the vt1 (shiga-like toxin 1) antibody-positive rates were 5% in 202 normal adult humans and 99% in 93 normal c ...	1999	10473521
molecular definition and characterization of recombinant bovine cb8 and cb10: immunogenicity and arthritogenicity.	theoretically, the ability to produce recombinant type ii collagen (cii) peptide fragments in a prokaryotic expression system would be extremely useful for preparing adequate amounts of cii peptides suitable for therapeutic uses. bacteria do not contain the enzymes involved in the extensive posttranslational modifications that occur during the biosynthesis of cii, such as the hydroxylation of prolyl and lysyl residues and glycosylation of hydroxylysyl residues. as these posttranslational modific ...	1999	10479530
prevalence of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) in bovine coli mastitis and their antibiotic resistance patterns.	between december 1996 and october 1997, milk samples from a total of 145 cows with coli mastitis were screened for the presence of verotoxin-producing e. coli (vtec). vtec were found in four (2.8%) out of the 145 samples. the four isolated strains proved to be verotoxin (vt) 1-, vt2- or vt1- and vt2-positive. however, no strain contained all three virulence factors tested. further strain characterization was carried out by serotyping as well as by resistance pattern analysis.	1999	10481626
paua: a novel plasminogen activator from streptococcus uberis.	chromosomal dna from two geographically distinct isolates of streptococcus uberis was used to clone the plasminogen activator in an active form in escherichia coli. the cloned fragments from each strain contained four potential open reading frames (orfs). that for the plasminogen activator encoded a protein of 286 amino acids (33.4 kda) which is cleaved between residues 25 and 26 during secretion by s. uberis. the amino acid sequence of the mature protein showed only weak homology (23.5-28%) to ...	1999	10483719
role of cryptosporidium parvum as a pathogen in neonatal diarrhoea complex in suckling and dairy calves in france.	this study was carried out to find the importance of cryptosporidium parvum in diarrhoea of neonatal calves in two types of breeding - suckling and dairy calves - in france. different agents causing neonatal diarrhoea, e. coli, rotavirus, coronavirus, salmonella and cryptosporidium were systematically researched in faeces. 1. suckling calves: in 40 livestock farms selected for diarrhoea, 311 calves 4 to 10 days old which had diarrhoea for less than 24h or no diarrhoea, were included in the study ...	1999	10488727
expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in spontaneous bovine bronchopneumonia.	the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), major histocompatibility class ii molecules (mhc-ii), cd68, and the calcium-binding proteins s100a8 and s100a9 (also called mrp8 and mrp14, respectively) was assessed in lung tissues from cattle that succumbed to pneumonia. expression patterns of these markers were related to the types of lung lesion. inos expression was only observed in lungs infected with arcanobacterium pyogenes or pasteurella haemolytica but not in lungs from cattle w ...	1999	10490207
activation of the cdc42 effector n-wasp by the shigella flexneri icsa protein promotes actin nucleation by arp2/3 complex and bacterial actin-based motility.	to propel itself in infected cells, the pathogen shigella flexneri subverts the cdc42-controlled machinery responsible for actin assembly during filopodia formation. using a combination of bacterial motility assays in platelet extracts with escherichia coli expressing the shigella icsa protein and in vitro analysis of reconstituted systems from purified proteins, we show here that the bacterial protein icsa binds n-wasp and activates it in a cdc42-like fashion. dramatic stimulation of actin asse ...	1999	10491394
expression, purification, and crystal structure determination of recombinant human epidermal-type fatty acid binding protein.	we describe the crystal structure of human epidermal-type fatty acid binding protein (e-fabp) that was recently found to be highly upregulated in human psoriatic keratinocytes. to characterize e-fabp with respect to ligand-binding properties and tertiary structure, we cloned the respective cdna, overexpressed the protein in escherichia coli and purified it to homogeneity by a combination of ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatographic steps with a yield of 30 mg/l broth. the purified protein ...	1999	10493790
prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 in white-tailed deer sharing rangeland with cattle.	to determine the prevalence of fecal shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) with access to cattle pastures.	1999	10496130
production of engineered human pancreatic ribonucleases, solving expression and purification problems, and enhancing thermostability.	human pancreatic ribonuclease, the homolog of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease, has a significant therapeutic potential. its study has been hindered by the difficulty of obtaining the enzyme in a pure and homogeneous form, either from human source or using heterologous expression. engineering of different variants of human pancreatic ribonuclease has allowed us to study and overcome some problems encountered during its heterologous production in an escherichia coli system and its purification from ...	1999	10497083
use of heme-protein complexes by the yersinia enterocolitica hemr receptor: histidine residues are essential for receptor function.	the abilities of two bacterial active heme transporters, hmbr of neisseria meningitidis and hemr of yersinia enterocolitica, to use different heme sources were compared. while hmbr-expressing cells used only hemoglobin (hb) and heme, hemr-expressing bacteria were able to grow on hb, heme, myoglobin, hemopexin, catalase, human and bovine serum albumin-heme, and haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes as sources of iron. expression of functional hemr allowed escherichia coli cells to respond to heme-cont ...	1999	10498719
micellar electrokinetic chromatography as a complementary method to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for studying limited proteolysis of proteins.	micellar electrokinetic chromatography (mekc) has been utilized as an analytical method to perform investigations on limited proteolysis of proteins. to this purpose partial proteolysis experiments with a series of proteinases were performed, utilizing as model protein pyruvate kinase (pk) from escherichia coli, an enzyme that is regulated allosterically by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (fbp). data obtained with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and mekc were compa ...	1999	10499331
serological evidence of an australian bovine lentivirus.	recombinant 26 kda capsid (ca) proteins of bovine lentiviruses, bovine immunodeficiency virus (biv) and jembrana disease virus (jdv), were expressed in escherichia coli and utilised as antigens for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and a western immunoblot (wib) procedure for the detection of antibody in dairy cattle in western australia. a total of 690 serum samples, 30 from each of 23 farms, were tested by elisa with a jdv ca protein antigen, and antibody was detected in 3.8% (p<0.0 ...	1999	10501174
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 enhances milk antibody titers to escherichia coli j5 vaccine.	recent evidence in cattle and mice has suggested that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 may stimulate t-lymphocyte differentiation pathways responsible for humoral immunity. the use of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 as an adjuvant for an escherichia coli j5 vaccine was tested. ten midlactation cows received j5 vaccine and were revaccinated 6 wk after the first vaccine administration. five of these cows were given 200 micrograms of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3, in addition to the primary vaccination, and they recei ...	1999	10509248
detection of low dose radiation induced dna damage using temperature differential fluorescence assay.	a rapid and sensitive fluorescence assay for radiation-induced dna damage is reported. changes in temperature-induced strand separation in both calf thymus dna and plasmid dna (puc 19 plasmid from escherichia coli) were measured after exposure to low doses of radiation. exposures of between 0.004 and 1 gy were measured with doses as low as 0.008 gy yielding significant responses. the double-strand, sensitive dye picogreen was used as an indicator of dna denaturation. calibration plots indicate t ...	1999	10517153
reduction of escherichia coli o157:h7 by stimulated pediococcus acidilactici.	this study was conducted to determine if stimulating the growth of meat starter culture (pediococcus acidilactici) in a laboratory medium (brain heart infusion broth +2.3% nacl + 1.5% sucrose; lbhi) and during meat fermentation would control escherichia coli o157:h7. in lbhi medium without p. acidilactici, the numbers of e. coli o157:h7 increased from 4.00 to 8.34 log10 cfu ml-1, whereas in the presence of p. acidilactici (approximately 6.0 log10 cfu ml-1) in lbhi, lbhim (lbhi + 0.005% mnso4), l ...	1999	10530043
prevalence and infection risks of zoonotic enteropathogenic bacteria in swiss cow-calf farms.	a longitudinal study was performed in 67 larger swiss cow-calf farms from september 1996 through november 1997. the objectives of the study were to estimate prevalence and risk factors for colonization with potentially zoonotic enteropathogenic bacteria in younger calves and in calves at weaning age. the study included data from 395 calves with three to four fecal samples each. fecal samples were analyzed for campylobacter spp., verotoxin producing e. coli (vtec), yersinia spp. and salmonella sp ...	1999	10535771
e. coli expressed proteins as diagnostic reagents for typing of foot-and-mouth disease virus.	truncated proteins corresponding to the c-terminal half of vp1 of four vaccine strains and two field variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) were expressed in e. coli. the expressed proteins were affinity purified and their type specific reactivity was confirmed by immunoprecipitation with anti-virus antibodies. antibodies were raised against the purified proteins in guinea pigs and the type specificity of the anti peptide antibodies was confirmed by antigen capture reverse transcription ...	1999	10542020
polycitone a, a novel and potent general inhibitor of retroviral reverse transcriptases and cellular dna polymerases.	polycitone a, an aromatic alkaloid isolated from the ascidian polycitor sp. exhibits potent inhibitory capacity of both rna- and dna-directed dna polymerases. the drug inhibits retroviral reverse transcriptase (rt) [i.e. of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv), murine leukaemia virus (mlv) and mouse mammary tumour virus (mmtv)] as efficiently as cellular dna polymerases (i.e. of both dna polymerases alpha and beta and escherichia coli dna polymerase i). the mode and mechanism of inhibition ...	1999	10548537