Publications

transganglionic demonstration of central sensory projections from skin and muscle with hrp-lectin conjugates.	transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was greatly improved by conjugating the enzyme with wheat germ agglutinin (wga) as described by gonatas et al. [7]. intense dorsal horn projections from muscle groups and even discrete skin patches were labeled after peripheral injection of the hrp-wga conjugate. these projections could not be consistently demonstrated when hrp was injected either alone or in combination with dmso. conjugation with wga thus enhances the uptake and/or tran ...	1980	6189006
localization of parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies innervating the pancreas within the vagal nucleus and nucleus ambiguus of the rat brain stem: evidence of dual innervation based on the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase.	traditionally studies have shown cell bodies of origin for parasympathetic preganglionic fibers of the subdiaphragmatic segment of the vagus nerve to be located in the dorsal motor nucleus of x. the nucleus ambiguus have been regarded as the motor nucleus for fibers projecting exclusively to larynx, pharynx and cervical esophagus. the results of the present study indicate that the pancreas has a dual source of innervation derived from both of these medullary nuclei, and that this in fact may be ...	1980	6166651
pharmacological modulation of platelet-activating factor (paf) release from rabbit leucocytes. i. role of camp.	basophil-rich rabbit leucocytes sensitized by anti-horseradish peroxidase antibodies released platelet-activating factor (paf) and histamine upon exposure to the specific antigen. this release was preceded and accompanied by a sharp decrease in the intracellular concentration of cyclic amp. isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agent, and theophylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, used individually or in combination, increased the intracellular concentration of cyclic amp and inhibited the release ...	1980	6159308
the uptake of intravenous horseradish peroxidase by the guinea-pig inferior mesenteric ganglion.	the uptake of intravenously injected horseradish peroxidase (hrp) by the neuronal perikarya and sif cells has been studied in the guinea-pig inferior mesenteric ganglion (img). the hrp rapidly penetrated the walls of the blood vessels within the ganglion and was taken up by neurons and sif cells by means of coated pinocytotic vesicles. hrp reaction product was subsequently found within larger vesicles which were most prominent 6--9 hours after injection. thirty hours after injection all the neur ...	1980	6159342
some considerations pertaining to the use of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) in neuroanatomy.		1980	6175071
an em analysis of the synaptic connections of horseradish peroxidase-filled stalked cells and islet cells in the substantia gelatinosa of adult cat spinal cord.		1980	6259218
subcortical connections of the prefrontal cortex in dogs: afferents to the orbital gyrus.	afferent subcortical connections to the lateral prefrontal cortex (orbital gyrus) in the dog brain were investigated using the horseradish peroxidase retrograde transport method. it was shown that: (i) the main projection to this area derives from the ventral and intermediate regions of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus, (ii) fairly rich projection arises from the midline, intralaminar as well as from ventromedial and lateroposterior thalamic nuclei, (iii) scanty extrathalamic projection t ...	1980	6254345
detection of avian oncovirus group-specific antigens by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	a three-step sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the detection of avian oncovirus group-specific (gs) antigens. the assay procedure was to coat the wells of microtitre plates with hamster anti-gs igg, react with crude or purified antigen and finally with hamster anti-gs igg linked to horseradish peroxidase. the sensitivity was 8 picograms (pg) of input avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) protein, with negligible background. as the elisa takes less than 2 h to perform, large ...	1980	6245172
hypothalamic neurons projecting to the rat caudal medulla oblongata, examined by immunoperoxidase staining of retrogradely transported horseradish peroxidase.	horseradish peroxidase (hrp), injected into the rat caudal medulla oblongata, was detected by immunoperoxidase staining in 120 microns frozen sections, allowing examination of both the distribution and morphology of transporting neurons. in the hypothalamus, several groups of hrp-labeled neurons could be distinguished on the basis of location of the neurons, neural cell size and morphology of the neural processes. most hrp-labeled neurons were found in the posterior half of the hypothalamus, alt ...	1980	6302600
the topographical organization and laminar origin of some cortico-amygdaloid connections.	injections of horseradish peroxidase were made into the basolateral nuclei of the amygdaloid complex in cats. it was shown that the periamygdaloid cortex immediately below the rhinal sulcus and extending medially to the amygdaloid fissure projects to the lateral nucleus. the rest of the periamygdaloid cortex medial to the amygdaloid fissure and including the cortical nucleus of the amygdala projects primarily to the basomedial nucleus. these cortico-amygdaloid projections originate in the deeper ...	1980	6302603
projections from dental structures to the brain stem trigeminal complex as shown by transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase.	horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was implanted in one maxillary canine of cats and the transganglionic transport to the brain stem studied and mapped. hrp-positive fibers and terminal granules are distributed ipsilaterally to each subdivision of the trigeminal complex but are heaviest in the main sensory nucleus, adjacent pars oralis and pars interpolaris near obex with somewhat less in the rest of pars oralis and least in pars caudalis. the distribution indicates a wider central representation than ...	1980	6302604
characterization of the peroxidase in human eosinophils.	1. human eosinophils contain a peroxidase that appears to be of the same type as horseradish peroxidase, lactoperoxidase and intestine peroxidase. 2. electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of human eosinophils show high-spin ferric heme signals with rhombic symmetry (gx = 6.56, gy = 5.31 and gx = 6.33, gy = 5.59) for the heme group. part of the more rhombic signal is due to catalase, whereas the other part is completely due to the peroxidase. in addition to these high-spin heme compounds a low- ...	1980	6250833
changes in endoneurial fluid pressure, permeability, and peripheral nerve ultrastructure in experimental lead neuropathy.	the dynamics of endoneurial edema were studied by quantifying endoneurial fluid pressure (efp) during the development of lead neuropathy and correlating these data with changes in blood-nerve barrier permeability and with morphological alterations in nerves, capillaries, and schwann cells. efp measured from the sciatic nerve in control long-evans rats was 2.1 +/- 1.0 cm h2o. efp was significantly elevated 7 weeks after animals were started on a diet containing 6% lead carbonate, and it increased ...	1980	6254435
an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for measuring antibodies in chickens infected with infectious bursal disease virus.	an immuno-enzyme assay for measuring infectious bursal disease antibodies in chickens is described. the test is performed rapidly after coating plates overnight with partially purified antigen prepared in cell culture. coated plates can be stored for at last 4 months. the chromatographically purified rabbit anti-chicken immunoglobulin-g, conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, was used optimally at a dilution of 1:3,000. it could be stored for at least 10 months without a reduction in titer. the t ...	1980	6254489
observations on the synthesis of carcinoembryonic antigen by an established human colonic carcinoma cell line.	some properties and kinetics of synthesis of the carcinoembryonic antigen (cea-lovo) produced by an established human colon carcinoma cell line were analyzed. cea-lovo was assayed by the method of chu and reynoso which was standardized against the activity of the first british standard for cea. cea-lovo was stable at -20 and 4 degrees c. at 37 degrees c, cea-lovo degraded at the rate of 1.4%/day in cell-free supernatants, and at the rate of 6.6%/day in the supernatants of monolayer cultures. cea ...	1980	6255389
a simple direct solid-phase enzymeimmunoassay for cortisol in plasma.	a simple, direct solid-phase enzyme-labelled immunoassay for plasma cortisol was established using horseradish peroxidase/cortisol 21-hemisuccinate conjugate as "enzyme label. the antiserum, raised against a cortisol 21-hemisuccinate/bovine serum albumin conjugate, was coupled to cellulose to facilitate separation of free and bound steroid. solvent extraction was avoided by the use of heat denaturation of the cortisol-binding globulin. this assay had a lower limit of sensitivity of 16.6 nmol/l a ...	1980	6246833
comparison of enzyme-immunoassay and radioimmunoassay for detection of human rotaviruses and adenoviruses from stool specimens.	an enzyme-immunoassay (eia) using polystyrene beads as the solid phase, guinea pig anti-rotavirus or anti-adenovirus immunoglobulin as primary antibody, rabbit anti-rotavirus or anti-adenovirus immunoglobulin as secondary antibody, and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated swine anti-rabbit immunoglobulin as indicator antibody, has been developed for the detection of human rotavirus and adenovirus antigens from stool specimens. a comparison of the developed eia and radioimmunoassay (ria) used previo ...	1980	6262339
ascending and descending components of the medial forebrain bundle in the rat as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase-blue reaction. i. forebrain and upper brain stem.	the ascending and descending components of the medial forebrain bundle (mfb) were investigated by means of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) with a sensitive substrate. the hrp was injected iontophoretically into the mfb at various levels from the anterior commissure to the posterior hypothalamus. in order to prevent the diffusion of hrp to other brain areas, a double micropipette system was used. the descending components of the mfb are derived from (1) the anterior cingulate area, infra- or prelimb ...	1980	6967419
distribution of striatal afferents from the mesencephalon in the cat.	in a series of cats, various quantities of horseradish peroxidase were injected in different parts of the striatum to map out the extent and the topography of the afferent projections from the mesencephalon. following large injections in the head of the caudate nucleus and putamen, the majority of cells were retrogradely labeled in the substantia nigra pars compacta (snc) and in its dorsal extension the retrorubral nucleus or pars dorsalis (snd), confirming previous reports. numerous hrp positiv ...	1980	6989449
the density, distribution and topographical organization of spinocervical tract neurones in the cat.	1. in acute experiments, detailed grids of micro-electrode recordings were made from spinocervical tract (s.c.t.) cells in the lumbosacral cord of anaesthetized cats. these grids provided electrophysiological data on the location, distribution, density and somatotopic organization of s.c.t. neurones.2. in acute experiments lasting up to 48 hr, retrograde labelling of s.c.t. cells was carried out by injecting horseradish peroxidase into the lateral cervical nucleus in anaesthetized cats. the aim ...	1980	6991670
the uptake of horseradish peroxidase in rat temporomandibular joint synovium following alterations in the occlusion.		1980	6931130
[the organization of thalamocortical neurons projecting to the first (si) and second (sii) somatic sensory areas in the rat demonstrated by retrograde transport with horseradish peroxidase].		1980	6935417
detailed pathways of the raphe dorsalis neuron to the cerebral cortex with use of horseradish peroxidase-3,3' ,5,' tetramethyl benzidine reaction as a tool for the fiber tracing technique.		1980	6965354
increasing dermal perfusion after burning by decreasing thromboxane production.	decreasing progressive dermal ischemia after burning could theoretically limit the amount of skin necrosis to the zone of coagulation. methylprednisolone, aspirin, indomethacin, imidazole, dipyridamole, and methimazole have been shown to prevent dermal ischemia, suggesting that prostaglandins and/or thromboxanes may play a role in its pathogenesis. specific antiprostaglandin antibodies (anti-pge2, pgf2 alpha, pgi2, and txa2) were reacted with tissue biopsies of burned guinea pig skin at various ...	1980	6997504
immunolabeling of sspe and wild-type measles viruses in ferret brain cell culture.	immunocytochemical studies using horseradish peroxidase labeled antibody were undertaken in an attempt to determine whether there are detectable antigenic differences which correlate with the biological properties of differences which correlate with the biological properties of different strains of sspe and wild-type measles virus grown in ferret bran cell cultures. the rabbit anti-measles hyperimmune serum used in this experiment contained antibodies to all the measles virus proteins when teste ...	1980	6998252
a method of hrp bathing of transected peripheral nerves using a rubber bag.--its technique and advantage.	the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) bathing method of transected peripheral nerves using a small rubber bag is described and its advantage for labeling neurons is evaluated. in order to apply the hrp to the peripheral nerves, a small rubber bag of appropriate size for the nerves to be bathed was made and was filled with a solution of 20% hrp. the proximal stump of the transected nerve was then inserted into the rubber bag. nerve cell bodies, retrogradely labeled by this method, were observed to be ...	1980	6998321
[hypothalamic projections into the midbrain reticular formation and the parafascicular complex in the cat detected by means of retrograde horseradish peroxidase transport].	by the method of horseradish peroxidase (hp) retrograde transport (the injection was performed into the thalamic parafascicular complex in 7 cats) connections between the hypothalamus, the midbrain reticular formation and the parafascicular complex were followed. other connections of the hypothalamus with some cerebral centers were also discussed.	1980	6998423
ascending components of the medial forebrain bundle from the lower brain stem in the rat, with special reference to raphe and catecholamine cell groups. a study by the hrp method.	the afferent connection of the medial forebrain bundle (mfb) arising from the lower brain stem have been investigated by means of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) with sensitive substrate, the injection was made iontophoretically into mfb at various levels. after injection of hrp into mfb, a significant number of hrp-labeled neurons were observed in the following structures of the lower brain stem: (1) raphe nuclear group, (2) locus coeruleus, (3) n. laterodorsalis tegmenti, (4) parabrachial area, ( ...	1980	6966962
somatotopic and functional organization of the avian trigeminal ganglion: an hrp analysis in the hatchling chick.	while the somatotopic organization of many central systems is well characterized, that of peripheral sensory neurons has not been adequately defined. this is especially true for the trigeminal ganglion. by applying hrp subcutaneously at each of 14 sites and also intramuscularly, it is possible to determine whether the location of sensory neurons within the ganglion reflects their peripheral projections. there is no discernible somatotopic organization of neurons in the ophthalmic lobe. however, ...	1980	6967074
isolation and characterization of lymphocyte mitogenic factor released in vivo during a cell-mediated immune reaction in the guinea pig.	by use of a guinea pig model of delayed hypersensitivity to horseradish peroxidase (hrpo), it has been possible to characterize the rate of release of lymphocyte mitogenic factor (mf) in vivo after i.p. challenge immune animals with antigen. mf is present in peritoneal fluid of immune guinea pigs 4 to 12 hr after i.p. challenge with hrpo, before 2 other lymphokines, lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor for monocytes and macrophage migration-inhibitory factor, are released. the m.w. of mf genera ...	1980	6968767
immunoelectron microscopy of cell surface antigens: a quantitative analysis of antibody binding after different fixation protocols.	the effect of different fixation solutions on the denaturation of membrane-associated antigens in murine lymphoid cells was determined quantitatively using microfluorometric analysis and a radioimmunoassay. paraformaldehyde and periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde solutions preserved the antigenicity of cell surface-associated immunoglobulin (s-ig) antigens when used in concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 4%. however, glutaraldehyde destroyed the antigenicity of s-ig and thy 1.2 molecules at concen ...	1980	6969247
detection of t and b cell antigens hybridoma monoclonal antibodies: a biotin-avidin-horseradish peroxidase method.	acetone-fixed frozen sections of reactive lymph node, spleen, three b cell lymphomas, and three t cell lymphomas were studied for the presence of ia-like antigens and two t cell antigens. detection of the binding of the hybridoma monoclonal antibodies to these antigens took advantage of the biotin-avidin interaction. the detection method employed a biotin conjugate of goat anti-mouse antibody and an avidin conjugate of horseradish peroxidase. b cell lymphoma cells stained for ia. the cell lympho ...	1980	7003003
quantitation of aflatoxin b1 and aflatoxin b1 antibody by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent microassay.	a specific microtest plate enzyme immunoassay has been developed for the rapid quantitation of aflatoxin b1 at levels as low as 25 pg per assay. multiple-site injection of rabbits with an aflatoxin b1 carboxymethyloxime-bovine serum albumin conjugate was used for the production of hyperimmune sera. dilutions of the purified antibody were air dried onto microplates previously treated with bovine serum albumin and glutaraldehyde and then incubated with an aflatoxin b1 carboxymethyloxime-horseradis ...	1980	7006504
a morphological and functional study on antigen binding and endocytosis by immunocytes.	immunoenzymatic techniques were used to study antigen binding and endocytosis by lymph node cells of rats immunized against horseradish peroxidase, hen ovalbumin and rabbit igg. the number of antigen-binding cells varied and depended on the type of antigen used, the time after immunization, and was higher after a booster injection. in secondary responses (4 days after booster), about 80% of antigen-binding cells were proplasmocytes and plasmocytes; by a double staining procedure it was found tha ...	1980	7007216
high affinity binding of horseradish peroxidase to collagenous tissue in formalin-paraffin processed human tissue.	horseradish peroxidase or peroxidase conjugated immunoglobulin binds strongly to the collagen in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded human tissue sections. the binding reaction is neither immunological nor organ specific, and may cause confusion in the interpretation of immunoperoxidase reactions in tissue sections containing collagen. this binding reaction can also be useful in identifying collagen fibers in paraffin processed tissue sections.	1980	7008263
tegmental afferents of the amygdaloid body in the rat.	horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was injected to various parts of the amygdala in 50 rats. retrograde axonal transport revealed that tegmental areas containing biogenic amines: dorsal and median raphe nuclei, locus coeruleus and ventral tegmental area, project diffusely to various amygdaloid areas. moreover, hrp labeled cells were found in the parabrachial nucleus (following injection of the lateral amygdaloid nucleus) and in tegmental dorsolateral nucleus (after injection of the central nucleus of ...	1980	7001864
immunoperoxidase localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein in radial glial cells and astrocytes of the developing rhesus monkey brain.	peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) immunohistochemical staining, utilizing a specific antibody to the glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfa), was employed to analyze gliogenesis in the central nervous system of rhesus monkeys ranging in age from embryonic day 38 (e38) to birth (e165) and through the second postnatal month. all major subdivisions of the brain contain glial cells, recognized by the presence of dark brown horseradish peroxidase (hrp) reaction product. neuronal elements are not stained ...	1980	7002963
immunohistochemical localization of alpha 1-antitrypsin in normal mouse liver and pancreas.	using horseradish peroxidase and fluorescence immunohistochemistry, alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1at) was demonstrated in normal mouse hepatocytes and pancreatic islet cells. all hepatocytes were positive; 1--3% stained intensely for alpha 1at. these were located mainly in the periportal area as well as randomly distributed, both singly and in clusters, throughout the liver lobule. nonparenchymal liver cells were negative for alpha 1at. the type of hepatocyte cytoplasmic staining appears to after ...	1980	7004206
effect of the properties of enzyme-antibody conjugates on the quantitation of serum antibodies to escherichia coli 02 antigen by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, elisa.	immunoglobulins conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) or to alkaline phosphatase (ap) were compared for determinations of antibodies to escherichia coli 02 antigen using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). ap-igg conjugates had a higher avidity for their antigen than hrp-igg conjugates. the avidity of ap-igg conjugates was higher than that of the native igg fraction from which it was derived, whereas hrp-igg conjugates had the same avidity as the native igg fraction. the elisa me ...	1980	7000713
enzyme immunoassay of the capsular polysaccharide of streptococcus pneumoniae type iii in cerebrospinal fluid in experimental meningitis.	an enzyme immunoassay (eia) for the capsular polysaccharide of streptococcus pneumoniae type iii was developed and applied to the measurement of this antigen in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) in an experimental model of pneumococcal meningitis. eia was performed by a single-antibody sandwich technique in which the globulin fraction of pneumococcal type-specific antiserum (antiserum-globulin) was used to coat the solid phase before antigen attachment and to conjugate with the labelling enzyme, horsera ...	1980	7001027
role of oxygen-dependent mechanisms in antibody-induced lysis of tumor cells by activated macrophages.	the alloantiserum-dependent lysis of tlx9 lymphoma cells by peritoneal cells from bacille calmette-guerin (bcg)-treated mice was inhibited 62 percent by depletion of oxygen. this effect did not appear to be a result of interference with mitochondrial respiration because cyanide, azide, and dinitrophenol did not inhibit cytotoxicity. preincubating the effector cells for 2 h without glucose, which markedly reduces their ability to release hydrogen peroxide, likewise suppressed antibody-dependent c ...	1980	6995553
quantitation of serum ferritin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa).	we have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for determining ferritin in serum. in this assay the solid phase consists of rabbit antiferritin igg adsorbed onto pvc microtitre plates. ferritin from standards or samples binds to the solid phase and is then detected by a conjugate consisting of rabbit antiferritin-igg and horseradish peroxidase. the entire assay can be performed in 5 hours, with good precision. the assay has a useful range of 1 to 64 microgram/l and serum samples ...	1980	6996142
absence of immunoglobulins in rheumatoid cartilage-pannus junctions.	immune complexes (ic) present in the superficial region of rheumatoid articular cartilage may be an important factor in the invasion of the cartilage by pannus. the presence of such ic at the cartilage-pannus junction in rheumatoid articular cartilage invaded by pannus was investigated by using immunoelectron microscopy with horseradish peroxidase anti-human immunoglobulin (ig). it was observed that, although the pannus-free surface of the cartilage contained easily detectable deposits of ig, th ...	1980	6996687
binding of specific peroxidase-labeled antibody to placental-type phosphatase on tumor-derived membrane fragments.	monospecific antiserum to human placental alkaline phosphatase was purified by immunoabsorption and labeled with horseradish peroxidase. the binding of this labeled antibody to membrane fragments prepared from placental and tumor tissue was measured using agarose gel filtration to separate bound antibody. the antibody bound only to membrane fragments which contained placental phosphatase, and the amount bound varied in the order ascitic fluid membrane fragments greater than tumor extracts greate ...	1980	7008934
norepinephrine innervation of the cochlear nuclei by locus coeruleus neurons in the rat.	the cochlear nuclei (cn) contain a moderate concentration of norepinephrine (445 +/- 20 ng/g tissue) with dopamine levels (46 +/- 14 ng/g) that are low and within the precursor range expected for a norepinephrine (ne) terminal system. lesion and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) experiments indicate that this innervation is bilateral and arises from fusiform and multipolar neurons in the locus coeruleus. autoradiographic and fluorescence histochemical experiments demonstate that locus coeruleus fiber ...	1980	6986826
conjugation of enzymes to immunoglobulins using dimaleimides.	a method is described for coupling enzymes to immunoglobulins using sulphydryl derivatives of the proteins and a dimaleimide which is relatively water-soluble. parameters affecting the performance of the conjugates have been examined including level of sulphydryl incorporation, ratio of enzyme/immunoglobulin and nature of dimaleimide used. peroxidase-immunoglobulin conjugates made by the dimaleimide method have been compared with those made by the periodate oxidation method and found to have a s ...	1980	6988011
enzyme-linked immunoassay for placental lactogen in human serum.	we describe an enzyme-linked immunoassay for measuring human placental lactogen (hpl) in serum. after suitable dilution, sera are pipetted into the wells of polyvinyl microtitre plates previously coated with anti-hpl. after incubation the sera are decanted, and replaced by a conjugate of horseradish peroxidase and anti-hpl. an amount of enzyme proportional to the concentration of hpl in the serum is bound to the wells via an antibody--hpl--antibody bridge. peroxidase activity is measured by oxid ...	1980	6989517
bile secretory apparatus: evidence for a vesicular transport mechanism for proteins in the rat, using horseradish peroxidase and [125i]insulin.	the morphologic mechanisms involved in the uptake, transport, and secretion of proteins into bile were studied in rat liver in vivo. when both horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and insulin were injected into the portal veins of anesthetized rats, these proteins were subsequently detected in bile. utilizing the technique of combined cytochemistry and quantitative autoradiography, both hrp and [125i]insulin were coincidentally localized within endocytic vesicles within the interior of hepatocytes at va ...	1980	6989703
a sensitive enzymeimmunoassay with a fluorimetric end-point for the determination of testosterone in female plasma and saliva.	a fluorimetric enzymeimmunoassay has been developed having the sensitivity (500 fg/assay tube) required for determining testosterone concentrations in female plasma and saliva samples. the assay featured a solid-phase antiserum raised against an 11 alpha-hydroxytestosterone-11-hemisuccinate bovine serum albumin conjugate, an 11 alpha-hydroxytestosterone-11-hemisuccinate horseradish peroxidase conjugate as the "enzyme label", and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid as the substrate for the development of ...	1980	6990557
a sensitive solid phase enzymeimmunoassay for norethisterone (norethindrone) in saliva and plasma.	a sensitive, solid phase enzymeimmunoassay suitable for determining norethisterone in small aliquots of plasma (10 microliters) and saliva (100 microliters) has been developed. a solid phase antiserum raised against a norethisterone-11 alpha-hemisuccinyl/bovine serum albumin conjugate was prepared by coupling to cyanogen bromide activated cellulose. a norethisterone/horseradish peroxidase conjugate was used as enzyme label, o-phenylenediamine/hydrogen peroxide being the substrate for colour deve ...	1980	6990558
chicken reticulocyte nuclear antigen: its identification and relation to transcriptive activity in erythropoietic cells.	antibodies to chicken reticulocyte dehistonized chromatin were produced. these antibodies can distinguish between chromatin from reticulocytes and erythrocytes and have no activity with chicken liver chromatin. the antibodies will also differentiate between reticulocytes and erythrocytes by the the horseradish peroxidase bridge localization technique. the nonhistone protein components of the antigenic complex are very tightly bound to the dna, removable by extraction with sodium dodecyl sulfate ...	1980	6992859
assay of ige antibodies against june and timothy grasses by an immunoperoxidase technique.	the results of eighty assays for serum ige antibodies against june and timothy grass antigens with a solid-phase immunoperoxidase technique are correlated with those obtained with the rast procedure. the allergens were insolubilized in polystyrene microtitre plates. after allowing the allergen-specific ige antibodies in the test serum to bind the allergen, the plates were incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated rabbit antihuman ige. the enzyme bound to the plates was assayed spectrophot ...	1980	6993042
clinical laboratory: enzyme immunoassay for the rapid clinical identification of snake venom.	the treatment of snakebite could be simplified if the identity of the offending snake was more frequently known. a positive identification, which allows the use of a specific monovalent antivenom, probably occurs in less than 20% of cases. recently published methods of venom detection (ria and elisa) take at least three hours to complete. we have developed a sandwich enzyme immunoassay (eia) which is capable of detecting 0.5 ng of crude snake venom in about 90 minutes or 2 ng of crude venom in a ...	1980	6993892
iga transport mechanism through the human nasal mucosa: an immunoenzymatic ultrastrutural study.	the role of secretory iga antibodies in the antiviral and antibacterial defense of the higher respiratory tract has been widely demonstrated, and the iga determination in the nasal secretion has become of the highest value in the clinical study. the mechanism by which iga reaches nasal secretion through the mucosa is still a matter of discussion and neither hypothesis put forward by tomasi (i.e. free filtration through the epithelic-connectival interstitium or transcellular transport plus active ...	1980	6994429
[horseradish peroxidase injection into a single cell: functional and morphological studies of nerve cells].		1980	6931866
[early incorporation of topically applied horseradish peroxidase to the adrenergic fibres of the pineal gland].		1980	6897797
location of proprioceptive neurons supplying the extraocular muscles in the rat: as revealed by horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent substances transport techniques.		1980	6897801
comparison of diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with conventional serological methods for detection of class-specific antibodies to salmonella typhi o antigen.	the diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dig-elisa) is a new and simple method for quantitation of antibodies, based on the ability of antibodies to diffuse from wells in gel and adsorb to antigen which is bound to a polystyrene surface. the antigen-antibody reaction is visualized with a color reaction caused by horseradish peroxidase-conjugated class-specific anti-immunoglobins. this method was used to study the immunoglobulin g, a, and m immune response to salmonella typhi o ant ...	1980	6792214
a horseradish peroxidase study on the mammillothalamic tract in the rat.	the mammillary projections to the anterior thalamic nuclei were investigated in the rat, using the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method. pars centralis of the medial mammillary nucleus projects to the medial portion of the ateromedial nucleus (am). pars medialis (mm) of the medial mammillary nucleus sends fibers to the ipsilateral am and sparsely to the medial portion of the contralateral side. the ventral and dorsal portions of mm project to the anterior and posterior portions of am, respectivel ...	1980	6774590
the duality of the cingulate gyrus in monkey. neuroanatomical study and functional hypothesis.	according to most behavioural, electrophysiological, and clinical studies, the cingulate gyrus is widely thought to be involved in regulation of emotional life, reactivity to painful stimuli, memory processing, and attention to sensory stimuli. anatomically the cingulate cortex is composed of two distinct areas numbered 24 and 23 in brodmann's classification. we have investigated the connections of the cingulate gyrus in monkeys, using horseradish peroxydase and radioautographic techniques, in o ...	1980	6774795
[immunological and enzymatical activity after dimiimidoester fixation (author's transl)].	the paper is concerned with the capability of diimidoesteras as histochemical fixatives. findings of diimidoester-fixed human erythrocytes show the receptor activity these cells had retained. due to these properties amidinated red cells proved well suited as storable immunosorbens for ensuing tests of haemagglutination. following immunisation with horseradish peroxidase of rats, diimidoester-fixed plasma cells were highly reactive towards hrp in contrast to only moderately stained glutaraldehyde ...	1980	6776780
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using staphylococcal protein a for detecting virus antibodies.	a modification of the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed which used staphylococcal protein a linked to horseradish peroxidase. virus antibodies in equine, bovine, porcine, feline, canine, lagomorphic (rabbit), and human sera were detected, using the indirect elisa in which the antiglobulin enzyme conjugate was replaced by protein a linked to horseradish peroxidase. results of the elisa were compared with the results of the serum-virus neutralization test. the applic ...	1980	6776853
an hrp study on cell types and their regional topography within the locus coeruleus innervating the supraoptic nucleus of the rat.	detailed histochemical studies have been performed on the distribution of various types of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) labeled neurons in the rat dorsal pons with special reference to regional topography within the locus coeruleus (lc) after hrp injections into the nucleus supraopticus (so). successful hrp injections into the so resulted in labeling only in the ipsilateral lc but not in the other structures of the pons. in these cases a few densely labeled multipolar neurons were scattered in b ...	1980	6778056
reciprocal anatomical connections between anterior thalamus and cingulate--retrosplenial cortex in the rabbit.	reciprocal anatomical connections between posterior limbic (i.e. cingulate-retrosplenial) cortex and anterior thalamus in the rabbit were investigated using horseradish peroxidase histochemistry. results showed that the cells of origin for corticofugal fibers are contained only within deep cortical layers, while thalamofugal projections terminate only within superficial laminae. that is, only layer vi neurons of cingulate-retrosplenial cortex project to thalamic regions, while cortical layers i ...	1980	6774801
influence of respiratory stress and hypertension upon the blood-brain barrier.	the effects of acute hypertension and respiratory stress induced by aramine (metaraminol bitartrate) upon blood-brain barrier (bbb) permeability to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were studied in adult inbred white rats. the bbb permeability was quantitated by slicing the brain of each animal into 500-mu thick sections, incubating the sections using the reese-karnovsky method, and counting all observed hrp perivascular exudates. no evidence of bbb compromise or significant elevation of blood pressu ...	1980	6776241
a simple colorimetric method for the measurement of hydrogen peroxide produced by cells in culture.	a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for the measurement of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) produced by cells in culture is described. the assay is based on the horseradish peroxidase (hrpo)-mediated oxidation of phenol red by h2o2 which results in the formation of a compound demonstrating increased absorbance at 610 nm. a linear relationship between absorbance at 610 nm and concentration of h2o2 was found in the 1--60 microm (1--60 nmoles/ml) range. due to the non-toxic character of phenol red and h ...	1980	6778929
evaluation of methods for quantitating erythrocyte antibodies and description of a new method using horseradish peroxidase-labelled antiglobulin.	concentrates of anti-d and rabbit anti-human globulin (ahg) prepared by standard elution and ammonium sulphate precipitation methods were labelled with 125i and 131i and horseradish peroxidase (hrp), respectively. the number of anti-d molecules attached per rbc ranged from 12,500 to 21,300 for the various phenotypes studied and the label of d-negative rbc never exceeded 3.4% of these values. with 131i-ahg the uptake by control d-negative cells averaged 13% of the uptake by d-positive cells. it w ...	1980	7019023
localization of the phrenic nucleus in the rat: a hrp study.	the localization of the phrenic nucleus in the rat spinal cord was studied with the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method. after injection of hrp into the hemidiaphragm, labeled neurons were localized in a distinct nucleus between the ventromedial and ventrolateral cell groups of the ventral horn, with a longitudinal extension from the rostral 3rd to 5th cervical segments. labeled neurons were oval or round in shape, medium-sized and tightly clustered. labeled neurons were found in a well-defined ...	1980	7052427
fibers of trigeminal mesencephalic neurons in the maxillary nerve of the rat.	indirect wallerian degeneration after sectioning the infraorbital nerve, and retrograde axonal transport following injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the maxillary nerve were studied in rats. these experiments showed the existence of primary trigeminal neurons in the pars caudalis of the ipsilateral trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus and in the supratrigeminal nucleus of lorente de nó. such neurons were interpreted as being responsible for the sensitive innervation of the periodontal m ...	1980	7052430
axonal branches and terminations in the cat abducens nucleus of secondary vestibular neurons in the horizontal canal system.	single vestibular neurons functionally identified as secondary neurons receiving primary afferents from the horizontal canal in the cat were intracellularly stained with horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the vestibular neurons projecting to the ipsilateral abducens nucleus distributed terminal branches in a relatively narrow band in the nucleus. the stem axon of contralaterally projecting vestibular neurons bifurcated into ascending and descending branches in the contralateral medial longitudinal fa ...	1980	7052431
segmental organization of sympathetic preganglionic neurons of the splanchnic nerve as revealed by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase.	spinal nerves were transected at selected thoracic levels on the left side and the central cut end of the left major splanchnic nerve was exposed to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) in order to study the preganglionic sympathetic organization in the spinal cord of the cat. in three animals, a total of 4235 hrp labeled neurons were observed (uncorrected counts) in five regions: intermediolateral nucleus (iml) (82.8%), lateral funiculus (lf) (14.7%), intercalatus nucleus (ic) (2.1%), central autonomic ...	1980	7052451
absence of tectotectal pathway in the rabbit: an anatomical and electrophysiological study.	absence of tectotectal pathway in rabbits is demonstrated by means of anatomical (retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp)) and of physiological (electrical stimulation of the superior colliculus (sc)) methods. despite the absence of that pathway it was still possible to verify the occurrence of electrophysiological correlates of sprague's phenomenon. it is suggested that, in rabbits at least, reciprocal inhibitory influences between the colliculi can be mediated by pathway(s) ...	1980	7052454
a subcortical pathway links sensory and limbic systems of the forebrain.	the subcortical afferents and cortical projections of the lateral dorsal nucleus of the thalamus were investigated using anterograde and retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the lateral dorsal nucleus receives afferent projections from several nuclei of the pretectal complex, and sends efferent projections to several subdivisions of limbic cortex. these connections constitute a two stage pathway that could convey visual and somatosensory information to the limbic system.	1980	7052459
superior olivary and extraolivary origin of centrifugal innervation of the cochlea in guinea pig. a horseradish peroxidase study.		1980	7052470
crossed and descending projections to the inferior colliculus.	crossed and descending projections to the inferior colliculus of the cat were studied following injections of horseradish peroxidase. earlier injections of large (about 1 microliter) volumes and diaminobenzidine histochemistry were fully confirmed with later small volume injections and tetramethylbenzidine histochemistry. emphasis was placed on describing the cell types projecting to the colliculus and 16 cell types were described. these were found in the contralateral inferior colliculus, the i ...	1980	7052508
retinal ganglion cell projections to the superior colliculus of the hamster demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase technique.	after a localized injection of horseradish peroxidase into the superior colliculus of the golden hamster, retinal cells of all sizes, except the very smallest, were labeled. since the smallest cells were probably glia or interneurons, these results indicate that in the hamster all retinal ganglion cell types project directly to the contralateral superior colliculus. this finding is in agreement with recent physiological studies dealing with the conduction velocities of retinocollicular axons in ...	1980	7052509
non-selective distribution of hypoglossal nerve fibers after section and resuture: a horseradish peroxidase study in the cat.	the retrograde tracing method of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was applied to examine the process of regeneration of severed hypoglossal nerve in the cat. after section and resuture of the hypoglossal nerve, the cats were allowed to survive for 4-6 months. in these cats, distribution of neurons labeled with hrp injected into the genioglossus muscle was examined and compared with that in the normal cat. in the operated cats, labeled genioglossus motoneurons were scattered within all subdivisions o ...	1980	7052512
the duration of after-hyperpolarization in hindlimb alpha motoneurones of different sizes in the cat.	in the present intracellular investigation, direct measurements were made of the size of the cell body and the duration of after-hyperpolarization (ahp) among 76 hindlimb motoneurones of the cat. following the penetration and intracellular recording of action- and after-potentials, each one of the cells was individually labelled by an injection of procion yellow, procion red or horseradish peroxidase from a microelectrode. in accordance with expectations, a significant negative correlation was f ...	1980	7052536
anatomical distribution of flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris motor nuclei in the cat spinal cord.	the distribution of motoneurons innervating the flexor carpi radialis (fcr) and flexor carpi ulnaris (fcu) muscles was studied utilizing retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the motor nuclei showed considerable differences in their longitudinal extents. the fcr nucleus occupied spinal segments c6-t1 while fcu ranged from the c7-c8 junction to t1. results with localized i.m. injection of hrp suggested a somatotopic distribution of these motoneurons.	1980	7052544
improved transport of horseradish peroxidase after injection with a non-ionic detergent (nonidet p-40) into mouse cortex and observations on the relationship between spread at the injection site and amount of transported label.	addition of the non-ionic detergent nonidet p-40 (np-40) to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) injected in small quantities into barrelfields of mouse somatosensory cortex results in a significant increase of labeled neurons in the contralateral barrelfield cortex as compared to normal hrp. comparisons with lysolethicin as an additive to hrp show that with np-40 neurons are labeled more reliably and spread of label is less extensive at the injection site. using np-40, the region of dense label spread ...	1980	7052547
afferent and efferent connections between the claustrum and parietal association cortex in cat: a horseradish peroxidase and autoradiographic study.	combined injections of [3h]proline and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were made into acoustically responsive cortical association areas on the middle suprasylvian gyrus (msa) and anterior lateral gyrus (ala) in the cat. sources and terminations of cortical axons were located within the claustrum. there are three findings: (1) msa and ala project to and receive fibers from restricted areas of the dorsal claustrum. the locations of the projection fields within the claustrum are different for the two ...	1980	7052548
origin of the preganglionic visceral efferent fibers to the glands in the rat tongue as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase method.	a study was made to identify the cells which give origin to the preganglionic visceral efferent fibers to the 'intralingual' glands in the tongue of the albino rat by the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method. the medium-sized multipolar neurons whose cell bodies were filled with hrp were located in the lateral reticular formation at the level between the facial motor nucleus and the superior olivary nucleus. these hrp-labeled neurons were identified as belonging to the superior salivatory nuclear ...	1980	7052522
synaptic sequences in mouse smi cortex involving pyramidal cells labeled by retrograde filling with horseradish peroxidase.	a method combining anterograde degeneration and the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) has been used to study synapses involving pyramidal cells in mouse smi cortex. neurons labeled with hrp are so well filled that even their finer processes, such as dendritic spines and axon collaterals, are clearly visible with both the light and electron microscopes. results indicate that pyramidal cells projecting from smi to ipsilateral msi cortex receive thalamocortical input and have loc ...	1980	7052523
a simple device for injection of small calibrated amounts of horseradish peroxidase into the cerebral cortex.	a simple device for injecting horseradish peroxidase into the cerebral cortex is described. it consists of a syringe connected by tubing to a hydraulic adaptor which provides a sealed connection to a disposable glass micropipette. replaceable micropipettes may be prepared by drawing capillary glass under heat to a fine diameter tip that provides easy penetration into the cortex without dimpling the surface grey matter or damaging the underlying white matter. the hydraulic seal achieved by the ad ...	1980	7035757
topographical projections from the prefrontal cortex to the post-arcuate area in the rhesus monkey, studied by retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase.	the cells of origin of ipsilateral, prefrontal cortical projections to the post-arcuate area were studied in rhesus monkeys with the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method. following injections of hrp into the dorsal portion of the post-arcuate area, retrogradely labeled cells appeared in the arcuate area dorsal to the principal sulcus, while, following injections into its ventral portion, labeled cells appeared in the arcuate area ventral to the principal sulcus. they were pyramidal cells and lay ...	1980	7052524
distribution of callosal fibers around the hand representations in monkey somatic sensory cortex.	single or multiunit recording of responses to natural peripheral stimuli was used to map the representations of the upper limb and adjacent body parts in the postcentral gyrus of monkeys in which callosally projecting cells and/or axons had been prepared for labeling by previous section of the corpus callosum or contralateral injection of horseradish peroxidase. subsequent demonstration of electrode tracks in relation to labeled cells and axons showed that no neurons with receptive fields distal ...	1980	7052525
projections from pacinian corpuscles and rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors of glabrous skin to the cat's spinal cord.	1. single axons innervating pacinian corpuscles and rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors of the foot and toe pads were injected with horseradish peroxidase near their entrance to the lumbosacral spinal cord in cats anaesthetized with chloralose and paralysed with gallamine triethiodide. subsequent histochemistry revealed the morphology of the intra-spinal parts of the axons. 2. all pacinian corpuscle axons that could be traced into the dorsal root bifurcated upon entering the cord into ascending an ...	1980	7205669
identification of the phrenic nucleus in the cat as studied by horseradish peroxidase bathing of the transected intrathoracal phrenic nerve.	horseradish peroxidase bathing of the transected intrathoracal phrenic nerve was done to identify the exact distribution of neurons of the phrenic nucleus in the cat. retrogradely labeled neurons were observed in the ipsilateral ventral horn from the lower one-fourth of the 4th to the lower end of the 6th cervical segment. in the 4th segment, labeled neurons were found at the medial part of the ventrolateral cell group. caudalwards, the neurons shifted from lateral to ventromedial locations and, ...	1980	7212282
an electron-histochemical study on protein uptake and distribution in the colonic mucosa of the neonatal rat.	the uptake of exogenous protein by the colonic mucosa in neonatal rats was studied after enema infusions of horseradish peroxidase, of immunoglobulin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase, of unconjugated immunoglobulin, and of normal saline. specimens of colonic mucosa were processed for the histochemical demonstration of peroxidase activity and then prepared for electron microscopy. enzyme activity and, by inference, exogenous protein were located on the luminal plasma membrane of epithelial ...	1980	7216907
[associations in visually related areas of cats studied by horseradish peroxidase. i. cortico-cortical fiber connections in visual association area of normal adult cats (author's transl)].		1980	7223550
tannic acid as an electron microscope tracer for permeable cell membranes.	to recognize damaged cells in preparations for transmission electron microscopy, high molecular weight (1700 mw) tannic acid (1-4%) has been added to glutaraldehyde fixing solutions. during fixation, the tannic acid penetrates only those cells whose plasma membranes were previously damaged. it enhances the electron density of the injured cells, which become clearly distinguishable from the undamaged ones. as a tracer tannic acid shows great advantages over either lanthanum hydroxide, ruthenium r ...	1980	7222127
afferent projections to affective attack sites in cat hypothalamus.	horseradish peroxidase was deposited at sites at which affective attack was elicited by electrical stimulation. cells containing reaction products were found in the nucleus accumbens, subiculum and presubiculum, the medial nucleus of the amygdala, the lateral and to a lesser extent the medial septal nuclei. in the thalamus cells were found in the paraventricular nucleus and nucleus reuniens. the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and anterior commissure contained a small number of reactive cell ...	1980	7189687
efferent neurons of the rat olfactory bulb. (an experimental study using horseradish peroxidase).	1) two efferent neurone populations - mitral and tufted cells - are present in the main structure of the rat olfactory bulb. 2) the tufted cells, whose axons leave the olfactory bulb, are scattered throughout the whole of the outer plexiform layer and some of them lie in the periglomelural layer. 3) the axons of some of the tufted cells lead to the rostral part of the prepyriform cortex (the anterior olfactory nucleus). 4) our findings do not indicate that the tufted cells ensure monosynapltic i ...	1980	6448421
a permeability defect of the retinal pigment epithelium. occurrence in early streptozocin diabetes.	the permeability of the blood-retina barrier was tested in rats with early streptozocin-induced diabetes. two different tracer substances were used: fluorescein sodium and horseradish peroxidase (hrp). after intravenous administration, the ocular distribution of fluorescein was studied by fluorescence microscopy of freeze-dried tissue. a permeability defect of the pigment epithelium to fluorescein was present in one half of the rats four weeks after induction of diabetes. the dye entered the pig ...	1980	6445186
transient immune deposits in the papillary dermis and in the epidermis. a light-microscopical study on the experimental arthus reaction.	to have as further insight into the localizations of immune deposits in the skin the reversed passive and the passive arthus reactions were carried out in the foot-pads skin of guinea-pigs using horseradish peroxidase as antigen. the transient localizations of immune deposits in the papillary dermis and in the epidermal cell layer were observed in the skin of the reversed passive arthus reaction, but not in the skin of the passive arthus reaction. following the immune deposits in the papillae in ...	1980	6449910
efferent components of the auditory system.	the origins and terminations of the olivocochlear bundle, which provides an efferent innervation to the organ of corti, are described on the basis of experiments using axonal transport of tracer substances and light microscopy in the cat. the cells of origin were labeled by the retrograde tracer horseradish peroxidase which was injected unilaterally into the cochlea. labeled cells in the superior olivary complex could be dichotomized according to their location (lateral or medial), their size (s ...	1980	6786165
endocytosis of asialoglycoprotein-enzyme conjugates by hepatocytes.	desialylated glycoproteins were covalently linked to two cytochemically detectable enzymes, horseradish peroxidase or tyrosinase, and injected intravenously in amounts of approximately 0.5 per cent of total plasma glycoproteins into rats. comparative studies of the rates of disappearance and distribution of free enzyme and conjugates established that recognition of the conjugates by the plasma membranes of hepatocytes was due to the exposure of the terminal galactose residue of the desialylated ...	1980	6777603
laminar distribution of receptive field properties in the primary visual cortex of the mouse.	we studied the receptive field properties of single neurons in the primary visual cortex (area 17) of the mouse and the distribution of receptive field types among the cortical laminae. three basic receptive field types were found: 1) cells with oriented receptive fields, many of which could be classified as simple or complex, were found in all layers of the cortex, but occurred with greater frequency in layers ii and iii and less commonly in layer iv. 2) cells with non-oriented receptive fields ...	1980	6776165
an anterogradely-labeled prefrontal cortico-oculomotor pathway in the monkey demonstrated with hrp gel and tmb neurohistochemistry.	implants of horseradish peroxidase gel6 in the sulcus principalis and/or area 8 "frontal eye field" cortex of macaque and cebus monkeys, processed with tetramethyl benzidine (tmd) neurohistochemistry9, resulted in anterograde labeling of a prominent "prefrontal oculomotor bundle" which traversed the medial subthalamic region at the diencephalic-mesencephalic junction to terminate directly in accessory and principal oculomotor nuclear groups. this report provides clear evidence suggesting direct ...	1980	6773619
a horseradish peroxidase study of afferent connections of the globus pallidus in macaca mulatta.	the high tonic discharge rates of globus pallidus neurons in awake monkeys suggest that these neurons may receive some potent excitatory input. because most current electrophysiological evidence suggests that the major described pallidal afferent systems from the neostriatum are primarily inhibitory, we used retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) to identify possible additional sources of pallidal afferent fibers. the appropriate location was determined before hrp injection by mapp ...	1980	6766111