Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| randomized trial to evaluate azithromycin's effects on serum and upper airway il-8 levels and recurrent wheezing in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy is a major risk factor for recurrent wheezing and asthma. because azithromycin attenuated neutrophilic airway inflammation in a murine viral bronchiolitis model, demonstration of similar effects in human subjects might provide a strategy for the prevention of postbronchiolitis recurrent wheezing. | 2015 | 25458910 |
| many respiratory viruses have temporal association with meningococcal disease. | previous ecological studies have shown a temporal and spatial association between influenza epidemics and meningococcal disease (mng); however, none have examined more than two respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 25456529 |
| [update of recommendations on the use of palivizumab as prophylaxis in rsv infections]. | the standards committee of the spanish neonatology society (seneo) considers that the new document from the american academy of pediatrics, including recommendations for palivizumab use to prevent serious infections produced by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), provides no new scientific evidence which would justify the modification of the current recommendations of the seneo. however, some adjustments to the criteria of the existing recommendations are proposed to reduce the cost of the dr ... | 2015 | 25453311 |
| characterization of novel respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors identified by high throughput screen. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections with no effective treatment available. finding novel inhibitors of rsv is an important first step towards developing an efficacious rsv therapy. here we report the characterization of three novel classes of rsv replication inhibitors identified through a high throughput rsv replicon screen of ∼1million compounds in the astrazeneca compound collection. these inhibitors, cpd 1, 2, and 3, specifically targeted ... | 2015 | 25542974 |
| [impact of a targeted educational intervention on respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis prevention in full-term and preterm infants]. | palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), is the only existent immunoprophylaxis therapy for prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by rsv in infants (up to 2 years of age), particularly in those who meet high-risk criteria (preterm infants and/or those with bronchopulmonary or congenital heart disease). in our region, the monthly injections are not given at the hospital but by private pediatricians during the epidemic ... | 2015 | 25534557 |
| recombinant influenza virus expressing a fusion protein neutralizing epitope of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) confers protection without vaccine-enhanced rsv disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of viral bronchiolitis in both children and the elderly. there is no vaccine available for the prevention of rsv infection. here, we generated recombinant influenza virus (pr8/rsv.ha-f) expressing an rsv f243-294 neutralizing epitope in the hemagglutinin (ha) as a chimeric protein. neutralizing antibodies specific for both rsv and influenza virus were induced by a single intranasal immunization of mice with pr8/rsv.ha-f. mice that were immun ... | 2015 | 25513755 |
| chemotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infections: the final breakthrough. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the leading cause of hospitalisation for children under 5 years of age and causes excess mortality in the elderly. there is still no approved vaccine available, although the disease can be curtailed by rsv-specific monoclonal antibody. the only antiviral drug approved for the treatment of rsv infection is ribavirin aerosol, but this treatment is cumbersome and its efficacy is questionable. a new antiviral, gs-5806, which interferes with virus-cell f ... | 2015 | 25684638 |
| epidemiology and virology of acute respiratory infections during the first year of life: a birth cohort study in vietnam. | understanding viral etiology and age-specific incidence of acute respiratory infections in infants can help identify risk groups and inform vaccine delivery, but community-based data is lacking from tropical settings. | 2015 | 25674708 |
| prevalence and incidence of respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viral infections in children aged 6 months to 10 years with influenza-like illness enrolled in a randomized trial. | the high burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated morbidity and mortality makes vaccine development a priority. | 2015 | 25673560 |
| molecular epidemiology of the human rhinovirus infection in mongolia during 2008-2013. | rhinovirus infections are common in all age groups world-wide, and they occur throughout the year. in this study, we examined 2,689 nasopharyngeal swabs collected in mongolia during 2008-2013. human rhinoviruses (hrvs) were detected in 295 (11.0%) samples, and 85 (28.8%) patients were co-infected with other respiratory viruses. hrv was co-detected with bocavirus, human coronavirus, and respiratory syncytial virus in 21 (24.7%), 17 (20.0%), and 14 (16.5%), respectively. we tested 170 (57.6%) of t ... | 2015 | 25672409 |
| epigenetic control of foxp3 by smyd3 h3k4 histone methyltransferase controls itreg development and regulates pathogenic t-cell responses during pulmonary viral infection. | the generation of regulatory t (treg) cells is driven by foxp3 and is responsible for dampening inflammation and reducing autoimmunity. in this study, the epigenetic regulation of inducible treg (itreg) cells was examined and an h3k4 histone methyltransferase, smyd3 (set and mynd domain 3), which regulates the expression of foxp3 by a tgfβ1/smad3 (transforming growth factor-β1/smad3)-dependent mechanism, was identified. using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, smyd3 depletion led to a reducti ... | 2015 | 25669152 |
| deficiency of autophagy protein map1-lc3b mediates il-17-dependent lung pathology during respiratory viral infection via er stress-associated il-1. | while recent studies suggest that interleukin (il)-1β production is modulated by macroautophagy or sensors of endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress upon pro-inflammatory insult, autophagy and il-1β production during viral infection has not been fully investigated. this was addressed using respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which is associated with lung immunopathology, il-1, and il-17a secretion in severely infected patients. mice deficient in the autophagy-associated protein map1-lc3b (lc3b(-/-)) d ... | 2015 | 25669150 |
| prospective and retrospective evaluation of the cepheid xpert® flu/rsv xc assay for rapid detection of influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus. | a total of 281 clinical specimens (nasal swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates) were tested with the xpert® flu/rsv xc. the results were compared to those obtained with the real-time retro transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays routinely used in our laboratory. the xpert® flu/rsv xc showed sensitivity/specificity of 97.8%/100% and 97.9%/100% for flu and respiratory syncytial virus, respectively. | 2015 | 25662018 |
| ginseng protects against respiratory syncytial virus by modulating multiple immune cells and inhibiting viral replication. | ginseng has been used in humans for thousands of years but its effects on viral infection have not been well understood. we investigated the effects of red ginseng extract (rge) on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection using in vitro cell culture and in vivo mouse models. rge partially protected human epithelial (hep2) cells from rsv-induced cell death and viral replication. in addition, rge significantly inhibited the production of rsv-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine (tnf-α) in murine d ... | 2015 | 25658239 |
| children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease can be identified through population-based registers. | epidemiological research is facilitated in sweden by a history of national health care registers, making large unselected national cohort studies possible. however, for complex clinical populations, such as children with congenital heart disease (chd), register-based studies are challenged by registration limitations. for example, the diagnostic code system international classification of diseases, 10th version (icd-10) does not indicate the clinical significance of abnormalities, therefore may ... | 2015 | 25657596 |
| high-throughput hit screening cascade to identify respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) inhibitors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects 99% of children by age 2 years and is a leading cause of serious lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) and infant hospitalization in the united kingdom. identification of efficacious rsv therapeutics has been hindered by the lack of a robust and appropriate primary assay for high-throughput screening (hts). here we report an hts cascade that identified inhibitors of rsv replication using a robust rsv replicon luminescence-reporter assay for the primar ... | 2015 | 25656237 |
| fine mapping and characterization of the l-polymerase-binding domain of the respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein. | the minimum requirement for an active rna-dependent rna polymerase of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a complex made of two viral proteins, the polymerase large protein (l) and the phosphoprotein (p). here we have investigated the domain on p that is responsible for this critical p-l interaction. by use of recombinant proteins and serial deletions, an l binding site was mapped in the c-terminal region of p, just upstream of the n-rna binding site. the role of this molecular recognition elem ... | 2015 | 25653447 |
| respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in the basic military training camp of the republic of korea air force. | an outbreak of acute febrile illness occurred in the republic of korea air force boot camp from may to july 2011. an epidemiological investigation of the causative agent, which was of a highly infective nature, was conducted. | 2015 | 25652706 |
| mmp-12-mediated by sarm-trif signaling pathway contributes to ifn-γ-independent airway inflammation and ahr post rsv infection in nude mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most frequently observed pathogens during infancy and childhood. however, the corresponding pathogenesis has not been determined to date. we previously demonstrated that ifn-γ plays an important role in rsv pathogenesis, and sarm-trif-signaling pathway could regulate the production of ifn-γ. this study is to investigate whether t cells or innate immune cells are the predominant producers of ifn-γ, and further to explore other culprits in addition t ... | 2015 | 25652021 |
| respiratory syncytial virus seasonality in tropical australia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is most common during the rainy season in a number of low- to middle-income tropical settings, a pattern driven by seasonal changes in climate and nutrition. we investigated the seasonality of rsv in the high-income tropical setting of north queensland, australia. | 2015 | 25648729 |
| respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses, and mixed acute lower respiratory infections in children in a developing country. | there is growing evidence suggesting greater severity and worse outcomes in children with mixed as compared to single respiratory virus infections. however, studies that assess the risk factors that may predispose a child to a mixture of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and adenoviral infections, are scarce. in a retrospective cohort study, the study investigated the epidemiology of rsv and adenovirus infections and predictors of mixed rsv-adenoviral infections in young children hospitalized wi ... | 2015 | 25648409 |
| interleukin-23 facilitates th1 and th2 cell differentiation in vitro following respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection induces activation and imbalance of the immune system; however, the role of t helper 17 cells (th17) in the response to rsv infection remains unclear. interleukin-23 (il-23) is a key cytokine in th17 cell differentiation. the aim of this study was to explore the function of il-23 in determining the distribution of th lymphocyte subsets (th1, th2, and th17) after rsv infection in vitro. human bronchial epithelial cell line beas-2b was infected with mock ... | 2015 | 25648104 |
| a multicenter outcomes analysis of children with severe rhino/enteroviral respiratory infection. | to investigate the impact of human rhino/enteroviruses on morbidity and mortality outcomes in children with severe viral respiratory infection. | 2015 | 25647121 |
| the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein formulated with a novel combination adjuvant induces balanced immune responses in lambs with maternal antibodies. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory illness in infants. there are no licensed vaccines to prevent rsv infection. the neonate receives short-term protection from maternally derived antibodies, which, however, can also interfere with the active response to vaccination. a rsv vaccine consisting of a truncated version of the fusion protein formulated with polyi:c, innate defense regulator peptide and polyphosphazene (δf/triadj), was evaluated in two to three week-old lambs. w ... | 2015 | 25637860 |
| what is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)? | 2015 | 25635497 | |
| incidence of viral infection detected by pcr and real-time pcr in childhood community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis. | several studies examining the incidence of viral infection in childhood community-acquired pneumonia (cap) utilizing polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or real-time pcr methods have been reported. we systematically searched pubmed and embase for studies reporting the incidence of respiratory viral infection in childhood cap. the pooled incidences of viral infection were calculated with a random-effects model. sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis and a univariant metaregressio ... | 2015 | 25615588 |
| is virus coinfection a predictor of severity in children with viral respiratory infections? | molecular assays have resulted in increased detection of viral respiratory infections, including virus coinfection, from children with acute respiratory infections. yet the clinical severity of virus coinfection compared to single virus infection remains uncertain. we performed a retrospective study of children presenting with acute respiratory infections comparing clinical severity of single respiratory virus infection to virus coinfection, detected on midturbinate swabs by molecular assays. pa ... | 2015 | 25596778 |
| children with down syndrome are high-risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus disease. | to assess down syndrome as an independent risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization in children younger than 3 years of age and to evaluate illness severity. | 2015 | 25596098 |
| 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors. part 2: identification of bta9881 as a preclinical candidate. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, young children and adults. 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones with general structure 1 were previously identified as promising inhibitors of rsv targeting the fusion glycoprotein. in particular, the introduction of a nitrogen at the 8-position of the tricyclic core yielded lead compounds 2 and 3. extensive exploration of the r(2) group established that certain heterocyclic amides conf ... | 2015 | 25595685 |
| the discovery of 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors. part 1. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, young children and adults. compound 1a (9b-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-one) was identified as an inhibitor of a and b strains of rsv targeting the fusion glycoprotein. sar was developed by systematic exploration of the phenyl (r(1)) and benzoyl (r(2)) groups. furthermore, introduction of a nitrogen at the 8-position of the tricyclic core resulted ... | 2015 | 25595682 |
| antiviral effects of jinxin oral liquid against respiratory syncytial virus infection in the balb/c mice model. | jinxin oral liquid (jol) is used in traditional chinese medicine (tcm) to treat influenza, cough, asthma, and viral pneumonia, on the basis of ma xing shi gan tang (mxsgt) and the clinical experience of professor wang shouchuan, one of the most prestigious pediatricians in china. | 2015 | 25593018 |
| relationship between meteorological conditions and respiratory syncytial virus in a tropical country. | this study aimed to determine which meteorological conditions are associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) isolates in a population of children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infection (alri) in bogota, colombia. in an analytical cross-sectional study, links were examined between the number of monthly rsv infections and monthly average climatic variation (temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed, solar radiation) between 1 january 2010 and 30 april 2011 in a popul ... | 2015 | 25591796 |
| evaluation of novel second-generation rsv and influenza rapid tests at the point of care. | acute respiratory infections represent common pediatric emergencies. infection control warrants immediate and accurate diagnoses. in the past, first-generation respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) rapid tests (strip tests) have shown suboptimal sensitivities. in 2013, the food and drug administration licensed a second-generation rsv rapid test providing user-independent readouts (sofia™-rsv) using automated fluorescence assay technology known to yield superior results with influenza rapid testing. ... | 2015 | 25583129 |
| vaccines 'on demand': science fiction or a future reality. | self-amplifying mrna vaccines are being developed as a platform technology with potential to be used for a broad range of targets. the synthetic production methods for their manufacture, combined with the modern tools of bioinformatics and synthetic biology, enable these vaccines to be produced rapidly from an electronic gene sequence. preclinical proof of concept has so far been achieved for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rabies, ebola, cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus and ... | 2015 | 25582273 |
| association between respiratory syncytial virus activity and pneumococcal disease in infants: a time series analysis of us hospitalization data. | the importance of bacterial infections following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains unclear. we evaluated whether variations in rsv epidemic timing and magnitude are associated with variations in pneumococcal disease epidemics and whether changes in pneumococcal disease following the introduction of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) were associated with changes in the rate of hospitalizations coded as rsv. | 2015 | 25562317 |
| phosphatidylinositol inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects nearly all children under age 2, and reinfection occurs throughout life, seriously impacting adults with chronic pulmonary diseases. recent data demonstrate that the anionic pulmonary surfactant lipid phosphatidylglycerol (pg) exerts a potent antiviral effect against rsv in vitro and in vivo. phosphatidylinositol (pi) is also an anionic pulmonary surfactant phospholipid, and we tested its antiviral activity. pi liposomes completely suppress interleukin-8 ... | 2015 | 25561461 |
| a cost-benefit analysis of the immunisation of children against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using the english hospital episode statistics (hes) data set. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of respiratory infection that is highly prevalent in infants, particularly those with underlying medical conditions. severe cases of rsv require hospitalisation as well as admission to intensive care and may even result in death. the objective of the study was to measure the net benefits that could arise from an immunisation programme of infants that may well eradicate rsv to a high degree and save the direct and indirect medical care costs fro ... | 2015 | 25557555 |
| tlr4 genotype and environmental lps mediate rsv bronchiolitis through th2 polarization. | while 30%-70% of rsv-infected infants develop bronchiolitis, 2% require hospitalization. it is not clear why disease severity differs among healthy, full-term infants; however, virus titers, inflammation, and th2 bias are proposed explanations. while tlr4 is associated with these disease phenotypes, the role of this receptor in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pathogenesis is controversial. here, we evaluated the interaction between tlr4 and environmental factors in rsv disease and defined the ... | 2015 | 25555213 |
| recombinant influenza virus carrying the conserved domain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein confers protection against rsv without inflammatory disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important causes for viral lower respiratory tract disease in humans. there is no licensed rsv vaccine. here, we generated recombinant influenza viruses (pr8/rsv.ha-g) carrying the chimeric constructs of hemagglutinin (ha) and central conserved-domains of the rsv g protein. pr8/rsv.ha-g virus showed lower pathogenicity without compromising immunogenicity in mice. single intranasal inoculation of mice with pr8/rsv.ha-g induced igg2a isotype dom ... | 2015 | 25553517 |
| effect of cleaning and disinfection of toys on infectious diseases and micro-organisms in daycare nurseries. | the rising number of children in daycare nurseries increases opportunities for the transmission of infectious diseases. pathogens may be transmitted directly from child to child via sneezing, coughing and touching, or indirectly via the environment. toys are among the fomites with the highest pathogen load, but their role in disease transmission is unknown. | 2015 | 25549827 |
| the role of human milk immunomodulators in protecting against viral bronchiolitis and development of chronic wheezing illness. | infants who are breastfed are at an immunological advantage when compared with formula fed infants, evidenced by decreased incidence of infections and diminished propensity for long term conditions, including chronic wheeze and/or asthma. exclusive breastfeeding reduces the duration of hospital admission, risk of respiratory failure and requirement for supplemental oxygen in infants hospitalised with bronchiolitis suggesting a potentially protective mechanism. this review examines the evidence a ... | 2015 | 27417364 |
| viperin protein expression inhibits the late stage of respiratory syncytial virus morphogenesis. | we examined the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on viperin protein expression in the permissive hep2 and non-permissive raw 264.7 macrophage cell lines. in rsv-infected hep2 cells low levels of the viperin protein was localized to the virus-induced inclusion bodies and did not impair virus transmission in these cells. in contrast, rsv-infected raw 264.7 cells increased expression of the stat1 protein occurred at between 6 and 12h post-infection, which coincided with the app ... | 2015 | 25433308 |
| clinical performance evaluation of the sofia rsv fia rapid antigen test for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | a recently introduced sofia respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fluorescent immunoassay (fia) was evaluated against the binaxnow rsv card and the sd bioline rsv test using 348 respiratory samples. the sofia, binaxnow, and sd bioline kits showed sensitivities of 66%, 65%, and 64%, respectively, for detecting rsv-a, and 71%, 63%, and 65% for detecting rsv-b, respectively. | 2015 | 25428155 |
| the enigma ml fluab-rsv assay: a fully automated molecular test for the rapid detection of influenza a, b and respiratory syncytial viruses in respiratory specimens. | the enigma(®) ml fluab-rsv assay (enigma diagnostics, porton down, salisbury, uk) is a ce-ivd marked multiplex molecular panel for the detection of influenza a, b and respiratory syncytial viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs. the assay runs on the fully automated enigma ml platform without further specimen manipulation and provides a sample-to-answer result within 95 min. the reported sensitivity and specificity for influenza a are 100% (95% ci: 98.2-100) and 98.3% (95% ci: 95.5-99.4), respectively, ... | 2015 | 25399865 |
| overview of the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference--advances in clinical management. | this review highlights the main points which emerged from the presentations and discussions at the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference - advances in clinical management. the conference covered emerging and potentially pandemic influenza viruses and discussed novel/pre-licensure therapeutics and currently approved antivirals and vaccines for the control of influenza. current data on approved and novel treatments for non-influenza respiratory viruses such as mers-cov, respiratory syncytial virus ... | 2015 | 25399715 |
| rsv: immunoprophylaxis and non-invasive respiratory support in ex-preterms: a northern uk perspective. | recent guidance has suggested that immunoprophylaxis with monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should be extended to ex-preterm infants who are moderate-to-late-preterm and discharged home during the rsv season. noninvasive respiratory support (niv) for infants with bronchiolitis is becoming widespread with little supporting evidence for efficacy over nonpressure support methods. we used multicentre prospective audit and service evaluation to evaluate whether extension o ... | 2015 | 25393723 |
| infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing. | there is evidence that respiratory viruses play a key role in the development and exacerbation of obstructive respiratory diseases in children. this review attempts to juxtapose the separate profiles and prototypes of pathogenetic mechanisms represented by the two most common amongst such viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus (hrv). rsv represents the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children, and is predominant in winter months. large epi ... | 2015 | 25359340 |
| humidity and respiratory virus transmission in tropical and temperate settings. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are similarly structured viruses with similar environmental survival, but different routes of transmission. while rsv is transmitted predominantly by direct and indirect contact, influenza is also transmitted by aerosol. the cold, dry conditions of temperate winters appear to encourage the transmission of both viruses, by increasing influenza virus survival in aerosols, and increasing influenza and rsv survival on surfaces. in contrast, the hot, we ... | 2015 | 25307020 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and its propensity for causing bronchiolitis. | infants and young children with acute onset of wheezing and reduced respiratory airflows are often diagnosed with obstruction and inflammation of the small bronchiolar airways, ie bronchiolitis. the most common aetological agents causing bronchiolitis in young children are the respiratory viruses, and of the commonly encountered respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has a propensity for causing bronchiolitis. indeed, rsv bronchiolitis remains the major reason why previously heal ... | 2015 | 25302625 |
| therapy of respiratory viral infections with intranasal sirnas. | chemically synthesized short interfering rna (sirna) has ushered a new era in the application of rna interference (rnai) against viral genes. we have paid particular attention to respiratory viruses that wreak heavy morbidity and mortality worldwide. the clinically significant ones include respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv) (two paramyxoviruses), and influenza virus (an orthomyxovirus). as the infection by these viruses is clinically restricted to the respiratory tissue ... | 2015 | 25319655 |
| nasopharyngeal gene expression, a novel approach to study the course of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes mild infections in the vast majority of children. however, in some cases, it causes severe disease, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. development of severe rsv infection is determined by the host response. therefore, the main aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with severe rsv infection. to identify biomarkers, nasopharyngeal gene expression was profiled by microarray studies, resulting in the selection of five genes: ubiquitin d, t ... | 2015 | 25261323 |
| caesarean section and hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection: a population-based study. | hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and asthma share common determinants, and meta-analyses indicate that children delivered by caesarean section (cs) are at increased risk of asthma. we aimed to investigate whether birth by cs is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for rsv illness. | 2015 | 25232778 |
| impaired gamma delta t cell-derived il-17a and inflammasome activation during early respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection remains a significant global health burden disproportionately affecting infants and leading to long-term lung disease. interleukin (il)-17a has been shown to be involved in regulating viral and allergic lung inflammatory responses, which has led to a more recent interest in its role in rsv infection. using a neonatal mouse model of rsv, we demonstrate that neonates fail to develop il-17a responses compared with adult mice; the main immediate il-17a con ... | 2015 | 25267484 |
| is radiological appearance of lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus a predictor of clinical outcome? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection is the most common viral infection in childhood. rsv-infected infants demonstrate various radiographic findings. the aim of the study is to evaluate whether assessment of radiological characteristics of lower tract infection due to rsv may be a predictor of clinical outcome in newborns. | 2015 | 25211292 |
| symptomatic and asymptomatic respiratory viral infections in the first year of life: association with acute otitis media development. | sensitive diagnostic assays have increased the detection of viruses in asymptomatic individuals. the clinical significance of asymptomatic respiratory viral infection in infants is unknown. | 2015 | 25205769 |
| [analysis of coinfections detected among respiratory syncytial virus subtypes and other respiratory viruses]. | 2015 | 25205177 | |
| rsv infection among children born moderately preterm in a community-based cohort. | we aimed to determine the rates of proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization and disease severity among children born moderately preterm (mp, gestational age [ga] 32-36 weeks, n = 964), children born full-term (ft, ga 38-42 weeks, n = 572), and children born early preterm (ep, ga <32 weeks, n = 524). our second aim was to identify risk factors for rsv hospitalization among mp. we extracted data from parental questionnaires and medical records, retrieved from a community-based coho ... | 2015 | 25189655 |
| infection with novel respiratory syncytial virus genotype ontario (on1) in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, texas, 2011-2013. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause severe respiratory disease in adult hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients. rsv subgroups a and b have evolved into multiple genotypes. we report on a recently described rsv genotype (on1) in a cohort of adult hct recipients in texas. | 2015 | 25156562 |
| the underrecognized burden of respiratory syncytial virus among infants presenting to us emergency departments. | 2015 | 25104728 | |
| the influence of diurnal temperature range on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in japan. | the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been reported to exhibit seasonal variation. however, the impact of diurnal temperature range (dtr) on rsv has not been investigated. after acquiring data related to cases of rsv and weather parameters of dtr in fukuoka, japan, between 2006 and 2012, we used negative binomial generalized linear models and distributed lag nonlinear models to assess the possible relationship between dtr and rsv cases, adjusting for confounding factors. our ana ... | 2015 | 25092407 |
| epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are the dominant cause of pneumonia in children. in order to determine the epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus, a prospective study was performed among patients with rsv infection. comparisons between rsv pneumonia group and normal control group, rsv pneumonia group had lower il-2 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.8 vs. 5.1, p < 0.01), and higher il-4 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.2 vs. 2.4, p < 0.01), il-1 ... | 2015 | 25123681 |
| virus-like nanoparticle and dna vaccination confers protection against respiratory syncytial virus by modulating innate and adaptive immune cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen. expression of virus structural proteins produces self-assembled virus-like nanoparticles (vlp). we investigated immune phenotypes after rsv challenge of immunized mice with vlp containing rsv f and g glycoproteins mixed with f-dna (fdfg vlp). in contrast to formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) causing vaccination-associated eosinophilia, fdfg vlp immunization induced low bronchoalveolar cellularity, higher ratios of cd11c(+) versus c ... | 2015 | 25109662 |
| [viral respiratory tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit]. | viral respiratory infections cause major morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. we have performed a prospective study in our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) to determine the incidence of respiratory infections, their impact and the epidemiology and outcome in high risk neonates. | 2015 | 25066594 |
| viral lower respiratory tract infections and preterm infants' healthcare utilisation. | the aim of this study was to determine whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in prematurely born infants were associated with similar effects on healthcare utilisation and related cost of care in the second compared to the first year after birth. thirteen infants who had rsv lrtis (rsv), 21 who had other viral lrtis (other viral) and 25 had no viral lrtis (no lrti) were prospectively followed. nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected w ... | 2015 | 25035163 |
| type-i interferons induce lung protease responses following respiratory syncytial virus infection via rig-i-like receptors. | the role of proteases in viral infection of the lung is poorly understood. thus, we examined matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and cathepsin proteases in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mouse lungs. rsv-induced gene expression for mmps -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -10, -12, -13, -14, -16, -17, -19, -20, -25, -27, and -28 and cathepsins b, c, e, g, h, k, l1, s, w, and z in the airways of friend leukemia virus b sensitive strain mice. increased proteases were present in the bronchoalveolar lavage ... | 2015 | 25005357 |
| analysis of the local and systemic inflammatory response in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis (rsv-ab) is a major cause of hospital admission among our infants. the immune and inflammatory mechanisms involved in the rsv-ab and factors influencing severity have not been clearly established, although an imbalanced th1 and th2 response seems to be crucial. | 2015 | 24985791 |
| [respiratory syncitial virus in immunocompromised patients in a pediatric hospital: 5 years experience]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. | 2015 | 24890887 |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of the use of palivizumab in the prophylaxis of preterm patients in mexico. | the study evaluated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (icer) of the prophylaxis of palivizumab, for the reduction of complications associated to the respiratory syncytial virus in preterm patients in mexico. | 2015 | 22286828 |
| identifying and ensuring optimal care for all children at risk of developing serious respiratory syncytial virus disease: a canadian nurses' perspective. | globally, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes substantial morbidity in infants and young children, particularly those with specific risk factors (e.g., prematurity, chronic lung and congenital heart disease). supportive measures are the mainstay of care for rsv-related disease. in the absence of medical treatments, rsv prophylaxis (rsvp) with palivizumab is recommended for high-risk patients to help reduce the risk of developing serious disease. geographic distances, language and ... | 2015 | 23134644 |
| is palivizumab effective as a prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in cystic fibrosis patients? a meta-analysis. | infections by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are more severe in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), and many cf units use palivizumab as prophylaxis; however, information about palivizumab efficacy in cf patients is almost lacking. | 2015 | 24231153 |
| can we improve the targeting of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in infants born 32-35 weeks' gestational age with more informed use of risk factors? | to evaluate the key risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation in 32-35 weeks' gestational age (wga) infants. | 2015 | 25048748 |
| influence of age, severity of infection, and co-infection on the duration of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) shedding. | rsv is the most important viral cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children worldwide and has been associated with significant disease burden. with the renewed interest in rsv vaccines, we provide realistic estimates on duration, and influencing factors on rsv shedding which are required to better understand the impact of vaccination on the virus transmission dynamics. the data arise from a prospective study of 47 households (493 individuals) in rural kenya, followed through a 6-month perio ... | 2015 | 24901443 |
| the relationship between respiratory syncytial virus and asthma. | asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung that is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. most infants who experience wheezing episodes also exhibit evidence of an ongoing respiratory viral infection. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children and is a common cause of wheezing in infants and young children. in the past several decades, a number of studies have demonstrated a relationship between inf ... | 2015 | 24513802 |
| lung function by impulse oscillometry at age 5-7 years after bronchiolitis at age 0-6 months. | viral bronchiolitis in infancy has been associated with increased bronchial reactivity and reduced lung function in later childhood and even in adulthood. however, lung function at preschool age is less studied, mainly due to technical difficulties. the purpose of the study was to evaluate lung function and bronchial reactivity at preschool age in children who were hospitalized for bronchiolitis in early infancy. | 2015 | 24668616 |
| defining the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2015 | 24055097 | |
| pediatricians' attitudes and costs of bronchiolitis in the emergency department: a prospective multicentre study. | how pediatricians manage bronchiolitis and the derived total costs (direct and indirect) in the emergency department (ed) have not been fully characterized. the aim of the present study is to calculate those costs in a european country. | 2014 | 24167120 |
| increased concentration of iodide in airway secretions is associated with reduced respiratory syncytial virus disease severity. | recent studies have revealed that the human and nonrodent mammalian airway mucosa contains an oxidative host defense system. this three-component system consists of the hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)-producing enzymes dual oxidase (duox)1 and duox2, thiocyanate (scn(-)), and secreted lactoperoxidase (lpo). the lpo-catalyzed reaction between h2o2 and scn(-) yields the bactericidal hypothiocyanite (oscn(-)) in airway surface liquid (asl). although scn(-) is the physiological substrate of lpo, the duox/l ... | 2014 | 24053146 |
| hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus illness in down syndrome following prophylaxis with palivizumab. | down syndrome (ds) is a risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization, but little is known about prophylaxis in these children. | 2014 | 23989104 |
| is the interpretation of rapid antigen testing for respiratory syncytial virus as simple as positive or negative? | to measure the performance characteristics of an immunochromatographic rapid antigen test for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and determine how its interpretation should be contextualised in patients presenting to the emergency department (ed) with bronchiolitis. | 2014 | 23964062 |
| increased cytokine/chemokines in serum from asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients with viral respiratory infection. | respiratory viral infections can induce different cytokine/chemokine profiles in lung tissues and have a significant influence on patients with asthma. there is little information about the systemic cytokine status in viral respiratory-infected asthmatic patients compared with non-asthmatic patients. | 2014 | 23962134 |
| reversible diffusion restriction of the middle cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus in acute respiratory syncytial virus cerebellitis: a case report. | acute cerebellitis is a postinfectious or postvaccinal disorder that predominantly affects children. the typical magnetic resonance imaging appearance has been previously described as cerebellar hemispheric cortical edema. here, we report a rare case of respiratory syncytial virus-related cerebellitis with transient diffusion restriction of cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus. differential diagnoses are also discussed. | 2014 | 24013714 |
| respiratory morbidity of preterm infants of less than 33 weeks gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 12-month follow-up of the castor study cohort. | the aim of this study was to describe the incidence and risk factors for respiratory morbidity during the 12-month period following the first respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) season in 242 preterm infants [<33 weeks gestational age (ga)] without bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 201 full-term infants (39-41 weeks ga) from the french castor study cohort. preterm infants had increased respiratory morbidity during the follow-up period compared to full-terms; they were more likely to have wheezing (21 ... | 2014 | 24029023 |
| use of palivizumab in infants and young children with severe respiratory disease: a delphi study. | to achieve a consensus of opinion among an expert group of pediatric pulmonologists regarding the appropriateness of the off-label use of palivizumab for some pediatric patients with severe respiratory diseases. | 2014 | 23775884 |
| anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids: changing concepts. | despite being the most effective anti-inflammatory treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases, the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) effect repression of inflammatory gene expression remain incompletely understood. direct interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor (nr3c1) with inflammatory transcription factors to repress transcriptional activity, i.e. transrepression, represents one mechanism of action. however, transcriptional activation, or transactivation, by nr3c1 also ... | 2014 | 23747654 |
| respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in children with cardiac disease: a retrospective single-centre study. | to examine the characteristics of congenital heart disease patients hospitalised with respiratory syncytial virus infection after prophylaxis and determine the associated comorbidities and the incidence of breakthrough respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 2014 | 23628233 |
| a recombinant anchorless respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein/monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl) vaccine protects against rsv-induced replication and lung pathology. | we previously demonstrated that the severe cytokine storm and pathology associated with rsv infection following intramuscular vaccination of cotton rats with fi-rsv lot 100 could be completely abolished by formulating the vaccine with the mild tlr4 agonist and adjuvant, monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl). despite this significant improvement, the vaccine failed to blunt viral replication in the lungs. since mpl is a weak tlr4 agonist, we hypothesized that its adjuvant activity was mediated by modulati ... | 2014 | 24252693 |
| atomic force microscopic investigation of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hep-2 cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) primarily causes bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. in spite of intense research, no safe and effective vaccine has been developed yet. for understanding its pathogenesis and development of anti-rsv drugs/therapeutics, it is indispensable to study the rsv-host interaction. although, there are limited studies using electron microscopy to elucidate the infection process of rsv, to our knowledge, no study has reported the morphological impact of rsv infection ... | 2014 | 24251370 |
| development of a high-throughput replicon assay for the identification of respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) drug discovery has been hindered by the lack of good chemistry starting points and would benefit from robust and convenient assays for high-throughput screening (hts). in this paper, we present the development and optimization of a 384-well rsv replicon assay that enabled hts for rsv replication inhibitors with a low bio-containment requirement. the established replicon assay was successfully implemented for high-throughput screening. a validation screen was per ... | 2014 | 24246168 |
| tidal volume drives inflammation during mechanical ventilation for viral respiratory infection. | respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection is the most frequent cause of respiratory insufficiency necessitating mechanical ventilation in infants during the winter season. recently, we presented a new animal model to show that mechanical ventilation aggravates respiratory syncytial virus-induced pulmonary inflammation by distinct mechanisms. we now use this model to study whether low tidal volume mechanical ventilation causes less ventilator-induced lung injury in the presenc ... | 2014 | 24196010 |
| delayed sequelae of neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection are dependent on cells of the innate immune system. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal mice leads to exacerbated disease if mice are reinfected with the same virus as adults. both t cells and the host major histocompatibility complex genotype contribute to this phenomenon, but the part played by innate immunity has not been defined. since macrophages and natural killer (nk) cells play key roles in regulating inflammation during rsv infection of adult mice, we studied the role of these cells in exacerbated inflammation fo ... | 2014 | 24173217 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: how, why and what to do. | bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization of infants and young children worldwide. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. studies conducted using molecular diagnostic assays confirmed that rsv accounts for over 50% of bronchiolitis in young children requiring hospitalization. those studies demonstrate that it is common to identify rsv in association with a second viral agent but it is yet unclear whether the simultaneous detection of t ... | 2014 | 24171820 |
| malnutrition: a risk factor for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and hospitalization. | longitudinal information examining the effect of poor infant growth on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) severity is limited. children hospitalized with rsv lower respiratory infection represent those at the severe end of the disease spectrum. | 2014 | 24168980 |
| increased risk for respiratory syncytial virus-associated, community-acquired alveolar pneumonia in infants born at 31-36 weeks of gestation. | we compared hospitalization and pediatric intensive care unit (picu) admission rates for community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (caap) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated caap (rsv-caap) in non-rsv-immunized children <24-month-old born at 31-36 weeks gestational age (ga) versus those born at term (>36 weeks ga). | 2014 | 24145171 |
| respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis reduces chronic respiratory morbidity in prematurely born infants. | 2014 | 24142143 | |
| induction of mucosal immunity and protection by intranasal immunization with a respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine formulation. | the majority of infections, including those caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), occur at mucosal surfaces. as no rsv vaccine is available our goal is to produce an effective subunit vaccine with an adjuvant suitable for mucosal delivery and cross-presentation. a truncated secreted version of the rsv fusion (δf) protein formulated with polyi : c, an innate defence regulator peptide and polyphosphazene, induced local and systemic immunity, including affinity maturation of rsv f-specific i ... | 2014 | 24136365 |
| viruses associated with influenza-like-illnesses in papua new guinea, 2010. | influenza-like-illness can be caused by a wide range of respiratory viruses. the etiology of influenza-like-illness in developing countries such as papua new guinea is poorly understood. the etiological agents associated with influenza-like-illness were investigated retrospectively for 300 nasopharyngeal swabs received by the papua new guinea national influenza centre in 2010. real-time pcr/rt-pcr methods were used for the detection of 13 respiratory viruses. patients with influenza-like-illness ... | 2014 | 24136362 |
| systematic review of montelukast's efficacy for preventing post-bronchiolitis wheezing. | infants often develop reactive airway diseases subsequent to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. cysteinyl leukotrienes (cyslts), a class of lipid mediators that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and asthma, are released during rsv infection, thereby contributing to the pathogenic changes in airway inflammation. many pediatric patients, especially those of very young age, continue to have recurrent episodes of lower airway obstruction after bronchiolitis ... | 2014 | 24118637 |
| children with multiple viral respiratory infections are older than those with single viruses. | to study the clinical impact of multiple viral respiratory infections compared to single infections. | 2014 | 24117958 |
| infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus needed less ventilator time with nasal continuous airways pressure then invasive mechanical ventilation. | nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) has been proposed as an early first-line support for infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we hypothesised that infants <6 months with severe rsv would require shorter ventilator support on ncpap than invasive mechanical ventilation (imv). | 2014 | 24117695 |
| defective control of vitamin d receptor-mediated epithelial stat1 signalling predisposes to severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes bronchiolitis in infants with seasonal frequency, for which vitamin d deficiency and a well-described polymorphism in the vitamin d receptor (vdr) foki are important risk factors. recent studies suggest that vitamin d regulates immune pathways in airway epithelial cells during rsv infection. it is not understood why the vdr foki polymorphism predisposes to severe rsv bronchiolitis. we investigated how the vdr foki polymorphism regulates the epit ... | 2014 | 24105653 |