Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| type-specific cervico-vaginal human papillomavirus infection increases risk of hiv acquisition independent of other sexually transmitted infections. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) such as herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 are associated with an increased risk of hiv infection. human papillomavirus (hpv) is a common sti, but little is know about its role in hiv transmission. the objective of this study was to determine whether cervico-vaginal hpv infection increases the risk of hiv acquisition in women independent of other common stis. | 2010 | 20386706 |
| chronic viral infection and primary central nervous system malignancy. | primary central nervous system (cns) tumors cause significant morbidity and mortality in both adults and children. while some of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of neuro-oncogenesis are known, much less is known about possible epigenetic contributions to disease pathophysiology. over the last several decades, chronic viral infections have been associated with a number of human malignancies. in primary cns malignancies, two families of viruses, namely polyomavirus and herpesvirus, have been ... | 2010 | 20387126 |
| the glycoproteins c and g are equivalent target antigens for the determination of herpes simplex virus type 1-specific antibodies. | seroreactivity to the glycoproteins c and g of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was compared in 310 serum samples using a western blot assay containing a whole antigen extract of hsv-1 and an elisa employing gc1 isolated from hsv-1. the prevalence of reactivity to gc1 was 75.8% by western blot and 73.9% by elisa, while antibody responses to gg1 were detected in 72.9% of sera by western blot. an absolute correlation of 96.1% between the reactivity to gc1 and gg1 was demonstrated using the west ... | 2010 | 20171247 |
| estradiol limits viral replication following intravaginal immunization leading to diminished mucosal igg response and non-sterile protection against genital herpes challenge. | previously we reported that ovariectomized (ovx) mice receiving estradiol (e) prior to immunization with an attenuated strain of hsv-2 (tk-hsv-2) were not protected. lack of protection in the e group was because of the inability of tk-hsv-2 to penetrate the thick keratinized epithelium. in this study, we determined the outcome of immunization after the thickening of vaginal epithelium following e-treatment waned. ovx, c57bl/6 mice were given progesterone (p), e or saline (s) for 3 days and immun ... | 2010 | 20070285 |
| a highly lipophilic sulfated tetrasaccharide glycoside related to muparfostat (pi-88) exhibits virucidal activity against herpes simplex virus. | although sulfated polysaccharides potently inhibit the infectivity of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and human immunodeficiency virus in cultured cells, these compounds fail to show protective effects in humans, most likely due to their poor virucidal activity. herein we report on sulfated oligosaccharide glycosides related to muparfostat (formerly known as pi-88) and their assessment for anti-hsv activity. chemical modifications based on the introduction of specific hydrophobic groups at the reduci ... | 2010 | 20176055 |
| bayesian adjustment for exposure misclassification in case-control studies. | poor measurement of explanatory variables occurs frequently in observational studies. error-prone observations may lead to biased estimation and loss of power in detecting the impact of explanatory variables on the response. we consider misclassified binary exposure in the context of case-control studies, assuming the availability of validation data to inform the magnitude of the misclassification. a bayesian adjustment to correct the misclassification is investigated. simulation studies show th ... | 2010 | 20087839 |
| chronic active herpes simplex type 2 encephalitis in an asymptomatic immunocompetent child. | a unique form of chronic, active, granulomatous herpes simplex type 2 encephalitis is described in an asymptomatic, immunocompetent 8-year-old girl who acquired the virus as a neonate. the extensive, bilateral cerebral parenchymal involvement was discovered incidentally. diagnosis was confirmed by a combination of serial neuroimaging, brain biopsy, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction targeted to dna sequences in the glycoprotein g gene, allowing differentiation between herpes simplex viru ... | 2010 | 20179002 |
| numerous conserved and divergent micrornas expressed by herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2. | certain viruses use micrornas (mirnas) to regulate the expression of their own genes, host genes, or both. previous studies have identified a limited number of mirnas expressed by herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2), some of which are conserved between these two viruses. to more comprehensively analyze the mirnas expressed by hsv-1 or hsv-2 during productive and latent infection, we applied a massively parallel sequencing approach. we were able to identify 16 and 17 mirnas expressed by ... | 2010 | 20181707 |
| design and synthesis of 3'-fluoropenciclovir analogues as antiviral agents. | based on fluorine switch approach, a series of 3'-fluoropenciclovir analogues with different purine and pyrimidine bases were designed and synthesized. direct reduction of beta-fluoroester to the corresponding 3-fluoroalcohol provided an easy and new entry pathway towards the synthesis of 3'-fluoropenciclovir analogues. the synthesized 3'-fluoropenciclovir analogues were evaluated for their antiviral activities against the poliovirus, hsv-1, hsv-2 and hiv. | 2010 | 20195818 |
| overlapping reactivations of herpes simplex virus type 2 in the genital and perianal mucosa. | genital shedding of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 occurs frequently. anatomic patterns of genital hsv-2 reactivation have not been intensively studied. | 2010 | 20088691 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of acyclovir-resistant clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus. | sixteen herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and four type 2 (hsv-2) isolates resistant to acyclovir (acv) were characterized retrospectively for drug resistance. phenotypic testing was performed by means of tetrazolium reduction assay and genotypic analysis was carried out by sequencing of thymidine kinase (tk) and dna-polymerase (pol) genes. all strains were characterized as cross-resistant to penciclovir, brivudin and susceptible to cidofovir. in addition, three strains were resistant to fosca ... | 2010 | 20211650 |
| an evolving understanding of genital herpes pathogenesis: is it time for our approach to therapy to change as well? | 2010 | 20088692 | |
| postcoital bioavailability and antiviral activity of 0.5% pro 2000 gel: implications for future microbicide clinical trials. | the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of vaginal microbicides are typically assessed among sexually abstinent women. however, the physical act of sex may modulate gel distribution, and preclinical studies demonstrate seminal plasma interferes with the antiviral activity of several microbicides. this study compared the biological activity and concentration of pro 2000 in cervicovaginal lavage (cvl) collected in the absence or following coitus. | 2010 | 20107502 |
| viral and bacterial aetiologies of male urethritis: findings of a high prevalence of epstein-barr virus. | male urethritis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (stis). however, the aetiology is still unclear in many cases. in this study the prevalences of epstein-barr virus (ebv), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, cytomegalovirus (cmv), adenovirus, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium and ureaplasma urealyticum (including subtyping) were investigated. samples from 112 male sti attendants with microscopically verified urethritis and from a control group of 103 me ... | 2010 | 20215624 |
| comparative study on the antiherpetic activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts derived from cajanus cajan (l.) millsp. | aqueous and ethanolic extracts of cajanus cajan (fabaceae) were examined in vitro for their antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2). | 2010 | 20215758 |
| interaction of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) glycoprotein d with the host cell surface is sufficient to induce chlamydia trachomatis persistence. | when presented with certain unfavourable environmental conditions, chlamydia trachomatis reticulate bodies (rbs) enter into a viable, yet non-cultivable state called persistence. previously, we established an in vitro c. trachomatis and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) co-infection model. these data indicate that (i) viral co-infection stimulates chlamydial persistence, (ii) productive hsv replication is not required for persistence induction, and (iii) hsv-induced persistence is not mediated ... | 2010 | 20110302 |
| causes of acute hospitalization in adolescence: burden and spectrum of hiv-related morbidity in a country with an early-onset and severe hiv epidemic: a prospective survey. | survival to older childhood with untreated, vertically acquired hiv infection, which was previously considered extremely unusual, is increasingly well described. however, the overall impact on adolescent health in settings with high hiv seroprevalence has not previously been investigated. | 2010 | 20126383 |
| solvent-induced virus inactivation by acidic arginine solution. | viral clearance is a primary concern for parenteral protein biopharmaceuticals. low ph, detergent/solvent wash, or heating, called pasteurization, has been the main process for virus inactivation. detergent/solvent wash is also used to treat superficial infectious diseases, including herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. herein we examined virus inactivation effects of acidic arginine on hsv type 2 (hsv-2) as a function of ph and temperature in an attempt to find solvent conditions that are eff ... | 2010 | 20127049 |
| long-term impact of acyclovir suppressive therapy on genital and plasma hiv rna in tanzanian women: a randomized controlled trial. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) suppressive therapy reduces genital and plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) rna over periods up to 3 months, but the long-term effect is unknown. | 2010 | 20235836 |
| adherence in hiv type 1 prevention trials. | 2010 | 20235837 | |
| divergence and genotyping of human alpha-herpesviruses: an overview. | herpesviruses are large dna viruses that are highly disseminated among animals. of the eight herpesviruses identified in humans, three are classified into the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily: herpes simplex virus types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2), which are typically associated with mucocutaneous lesions, and varicella-zoster virus (vzv), which is the cause of chicken pox and herpes zoster. all three viruses establish lifelong infections and may also induce more severe symptoms, such as neurological man ... | 2010 | 19772930 |
| anti-herpetic properties of hydroalcoholic extracts and pressed juice from echinacea pallida. | hydroalcoholic extracts and pressed juice from echinacea pallida were phytochemically characterised by hplc-ms analyses. ferulic and caffeic acid derivatives were identified as major constituents. all tested extracts and pressed juice from echinacea pallida exhibited a low cytotoxic activity on monkey kidney cells in vitro. the inhibitory activity of echinacea against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) was analysed with plaque reduction assays. all hydroalcoholic extracts exhibite ... | 2010 | 19790030 |
| genital herpes simplex virus type 1 in women: detection in cervicovaginal specimens from gynecological practices in the united states. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) are significant human pathogens causing clinically indistinguishable facial and genital lesions. recently, the number of reported genital herpes cases caused by type 1 virus has increased. identifying the hsv type is of clinical importance to determine proper treatment, as there is no licensed vaccine or cure. we assessed, by pcr, the frequency of hsv-1 and hsv-2 present in more than 60,000 clinical cervicovaginal specimens derived from samples o ... | 2010 | 19923487 |
| safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of spl7013 gel (vivagel): a dose ranging, phase i study. | to evaluate safety, tolerability and systemic pharmacokinetics of escalating doses of spl7013 gel in healthy women. | 2010 | 19823111 |
| increased number and function of natural killer cells in human immunodeficiency virus 1-positive subjects co-infected with herpes simplex virus 2. | natural killer (nk) cells bridge the interface between innate and adaptive immunity and are implicated in the control of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infection. in subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1), the critical impact of the innate immune response on disease progression has recently come into focus. higher numbers of nk cells are associated with lower hiv-1 plasma viraemia. individuals with the compound genotype of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (kir) 3ds ... | 2010 | 19824915 |
| medical application of herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) are important human pathogens that cause a variety of diseases from mild skin diseases such as herpes labialis and herpes genitalis to life-threatening diseases such as herpes encephalitis and neonatal herpes. a number of studies have elucidated the roles of this virus in viral replication and pathogenicity, the regulation of gene expression, interaction with the host cell and immune evasion from the host system. this research has allowed th ... | 2010 | 19939634 |
| vaccines and microbicides preventing hiv-1, hsv-2, and hpv mucosal transmission. | hiv-1, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and human papillomavirus (hpv), among other sexually transmitted infections, represent a major burden for global health. initial insights into the mucosal transmission of these viral pathogens have raised optimism with regard to the rapid generation of protective vaccines. nevertheless, setbacks for hiv-1 and hsv-2 vaccines have seriously challenged the initial enthusiasm. recently, two new vaccines that efficiently prevented hpv infection have renewed ... | 2010 | 19829304 |
| hla-drb1*01 allele and low plasma immunoglobulin g1 concentration may predispose to herpes-associated recurrent lymphocytic meningitis. | recurrent lymphocytic meningitis (rlm) is a rare illness caused mostly by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). predisposing factors are not known. deficiencies in immunoglobulin (ig) g subclasses 1 (igg1) and 3 (igg3) and complement protein c4 are associated with susceptibility to and persistence of bacterial and viral infections. selected hla and mannose-binding lectin (mbl) alleles have previously been associated with recurrent genital herpes or herpetic meningitis. we assessed the frequencies ... | 2010 | 19879913 |
| construction and immune response of hsv-2gd-hsp70 dna vaccine. | 2010 | 19942410 | |
| the hsv-2 mutant deltapk induces melanoma oncolysis through nonredundant death programs and associated with autophagy and pyroptosis proteins. | malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive and drug-resistant cancer. virotherapy is a novel therapeutic strategy based on cancer cell lysis through selective virus replication. however, its clinical efficacy is modest, apparently related to poor virus replication within the tumors. we report that the growth compromised herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) mutant, deltapk, has strong oncolytic activity for melanoma largely caused by a mechanism other than replication-induced cell lysis. the ratio ... | 2010 | 19798049 |
| fatal herpes virus type i infection in a newborn. | the authors present a case of environmentally acquired fatal herpes virus type i infection in a newborn after cesarean section and a discussion of the clinical presentation, pathogenesis and diagnosis of herpes simplex type i (hsv-1) at autopsy. herpes simplex virus, both type i and type ii, are well described infectious agents in newborns. though herpes simplex type ii (hsv-2) is commonly associated with fatal neonatal infections, it is important to consider hsv-1 to make the correct diagnosis. ... | 2010 | 19949315 |
| evaluation of three multiplex flow immunoassays compared to an enzyme immunoassay for the detection and differentiation of igg class antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections is routinely made based on clinical findings and supported by laboratory testing using pcr or viral culture. however, in instances of subclinical or unrecognized hsv infection, serologic testing for igg class antibodies to type-specific hsv glycoprotein g (gg) may be useful. this study evaluated and compared the performances of three multiplex flow immunoassays (athena multi-lyte [zeus scientific], bioplex 2200 [bio-rad laboratories], and pl ... | 2010 | 20007366 |
| comparison of focus herpesselect and kalon hsv-2 gg2 elisa serological assays to detect herpes simplex virus type 2 antibodies in a south african population. | sero-epidemiological studies of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 infection in africa remain difficult to interpret as a result of the high rate of false-positive results observed when using the new recombinant gg2 hsv-2 elisa tests. the performance of two widely used gg2 elisa was compared to derive an appropriate testing algorithm for use in south africa. | 2010 | 19837726 |
| identification of viral micrornas expressed in human sacral ganglia latently infected with herpes simplex virus 2. | deep sequencing of small rnas isolated from human sacral ganglia latently infected with herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) was used to identify hsv-2 micrornas (mirnas) expressed during latent infection. this effort resulted in the identification of five distinct hsv-2 mirna species, two of which, mir-h3/mir-i and mir-h4/mir-ii, have been previously reported. three novel hsv-2 mirnas were also identified, and two of these, mir-h7 and mir-h9, are derived from the latency-associated transcript (lat) a ... | 2010 | 19889786 |
| pregnancy, contraceptive use, and hiv acquisition in hptn 039: relevance for hiv prevention trials among african women. | biomedical hiv prevention trials enroll sexually active women at risk of hiv and often discontinue study product during pregnancy. we assessed risk factors for pregnancy and hiv acquisition, and the effect of pregnancy on time off study drug in hiv prevention trials network 039. | 2010 | 19838129 |
| multi-targeted neuroprotection by the hsv-2 gene icp10pk includes robust bystander activity through pi3-k/akt and/or mek/erk-dependent neuronal release of vascular endothelial growth factor and fractalkine. | hippocampal cultures infected with the deltarr vector for the hsv-2 anti-apoptotic gene icp10pk survive cell death triggered by a wide variety of insults. survival includes robust protection of uninfected neurons, but the mechanism of this bystander activity is still unclear. here we report that icp10pk+ neurons release soluble factors that protect uninfected neurons from nmda and mpp+-induced apoptosis. release depends on icp10pk-mediated activation of the ras signaling pathways mek/erk and pi3 ... | 2010 | 19891735 |
| xylans from scinaia hatei: structural features, sulfation and anti-hsv activity. | natural compounds offer interesting pharmacological perspectives for antiviral drug development with regard to broad-spectrum antiviral properties and novel modes of action. in this study, we have analyzed alkali-extracted xylan of scinaia hatei. alkali extraction of this red alga yielded a xylan shown to have a molecular mass of 120kda and a linear structure of (1-->4)-linked beta-d-xylopyranosyl residues. derivatives (s1, s2, s3 and s4) generated by chemical sulfation from this macromolecule h ... | 2010 | 20026104 |
| toll-like receptor-mediated recognition of herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively) are two important human pathogens that belong to the genus simplex within the subfamily alpha of the herpesvirinae. toll-like receptors (tlrs) constitute a family of conserved sensors that play a prominent role during the early anti-viral response, including that against herpesviruses. although substantial progress has been made, central questions remain to be solved to figure out how tlrs modulate viral pathogenesis. the aim of t ... | 2010 | 20036979 |
| male circumcision for the prevention of acquisition and transmission of sexually transmitted infections: the case for neonatal circumcision. | the american academy of pediatrics (aap) male circumcision policy states that while there are potential medical benefits of newborn male circumcision, the data are insufficient to recommend routine neonatal circumcision. since 2005, however, 3 randomized trials have evaluated male circumcision for prevention of sexually transmitted infections. the trials found that circumcision decreases human immunodeficiency virus acquisition by 53% to 60%, herpes simplex virus type 2 acquisition by 28% to 34% ... | 2010 | 20048246 |
| simian trim5alpha proteins reduce replication of herpes simplex virus. | old world monkey trim5alpha proteins are known to block the replication of human immunodeficiency virus and other retroviruses in a species-specific fashion. in this report, we show that specific forms of simian trim5alpha proteins can restrict herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. to define the effect of trim5alpha on hsv replication, we examined hsv infection in hela cell lines that stably express simian and human orthologs of trim5alpha proteins. we demonstrated that several simian trim5alpha ... | 2010 | 20060996 |
| critical issues related to porcine xenograft exposure to human viruses: lessons from allotransplantation. | xenotransplantation of tissues from swine into humans poses the threat of bidirectional transfer of porcine or human microorganisms to the recipient or to the xenograft, respectively. this review focuses on recipient-derived infection. recent data are reviewed that assess the susceptibility of porcine cells to human viruses. on the basis of the experience in allotransplantation, potential consequences for the xenograft are discussed. | 2010 | 20061950 |
| the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide. the virus can be transmitted to neonates and there are scarce data regarding incidence of hsv-2 among women in pregnancy and after childbirth. the aim of this study is to measure the incidence and risk factors for hsv-2 infection in women followed for 9 months after childbirth. | 2010 | 20064273 |
| etiology and determinants of sexually transmitted infections in karnataka state, south india. | syndromic case management remains the cornerstone for sti (sexually transmitted infection) treatment in many countries. we undertook this study to better understand the etiology of stis in adults in south india and to inform sti management guidelines. | 2010 | 19901864 |
| analysis of filamentous process induction and nuclear localization properties of the hsv-2 serine/threonine kinase us3. | the us3 serine/threonine kinase encoded by all alphaherpesviruses performs several important functions during virus multiplication. for example, expression of pseudorabies virus (prv) us3 causes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton into filamentous processes (fps) that promote cell-to-cell spread of virus infection. prv us3-induced fp formation requires us3 kinase activity. to determine whether these characteristics were shared by hsv-2 us3, expression plasmids for wild type (wt) and kinase ... | 2010 | 19945726 |
| the association between lack of circumcision and hiv, hsv-2, and other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men. | observational studies evaluating the association of circumcision and hiv infection among men who have sex with men (msm) have yielded mixed results. we examined the relationship between circumcision and hiv, herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2), syphilis, urethral gonorrhea, and urethral chlamydia among msm stratified by anal sexual role. | 2010 | 19901865 |
| a new class of dual-targeted antivirals: monophosphorylated acyclovir prodrug derivatives suppress both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) are responsible for 2 intersecting epidemics in which the disease caused by 1 virus facilitates the transmission of and pathogenesis by the other. therefore, suppression of one virus infection will affect the other. acyclovir, a common antiherpetic drug, was shown to directly suppress both viruses in coinfected tissues. however, both antiviral activities of acyclovir are dependent on phosphorylation by the nucleo ... | 2010 | 20085496 |
| iron metabolism markers and haptoglobin phenotypes in susceptibility to hsv-1 or/and hsv-2 lesion relapses. | different haptoglobin (hp) phenotypes play a role in several pathologic processes including infectious diseases. in order to evaluate the role of iron storage and metabolism in susceptibility to herpetic manifestations, we studied the frequency of the hp phenotypes and iron metabolism in patients affected by h. simplex virus 1 or 2 (hsv-1 or hsv-2), compared with controls. hp phenotype and iron metabolism were determined in 100 patients with recurrent hsv-1 or hsv-2 manifestations during the rel ... | 2010 | 20084673 |
| type-specific herpes simplex virus-1 and herpes simplex virus-2 seroprevalence in romania: comparison of prevalence and risk factors in women and men. | to determine herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 and hsv-1 seroprevalence in women and men in romania. | 2010 | 20106695 |
| condyloma and other infections including human immunodeficiency virus. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) are a common public health problem and as such may be more common in a surgical practice than is believed. the recognition that a virus can be responsible for a cancer has profound significant public health implications. this article reviews the presentation and management of the more common perianal stds including human immunodeficiency virus, as well as the pathogenesis and management of anal intraepithelial neoplasia. | 2010 | 20109635 |
| construction and properties of a herpes simplex virus 2 dl5-29 vaccine candidate strain encoding an hsv-1 virion host shutoff protein. | the replication-defective herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) dl5-29 mutant virus strain with deletions in the u(l)5 and u(l)29 genes has been shown to protect mice and guinea pigs against challenge with wild-type (wt) hsv-2 and to protect against ocular disease caused by hsv-1 infection. the dl5-29 strain is currently being prepared for clinical trials as a herpes vaccine candidate. as a possible approach to improve the efficacy of dl5-29 as a genital herpes vaccine, we replaced the u(l)41 gene enco ... | 2010 | 20117270 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of phthiobuzone analogues. | a series of phthiobuzone analogs, prepared from potassium phthalimide or phthalandione, have been evaluated for their antiviral activities. among the candidates, compounds 5j and 5k, which contain the substituted 4-halogenated phenyl ring at n-4',4'' position, show more potent antiviral activity than phthiobuzone against herpes simplex virus 1 (ic(50)=8.56 and 2.85 microg/ml, respectively) and herpes simplex virus 2 (ic(50)=1.75 and 4.11 microg/ml, respectively). compounds 9c and 9d with a propy ... | 2010 | 20118580 |
| the term newborn potentially exposed to herpes simplex virus. | 2010 | 20122480 | |
| skin disease among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents in zimbabwe: a strong indicator of underlying hiv infection. | southern africa is witnessing the emergence of an epidemic of long-term survivors of vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection presenting with untreated hiv as adolescents. dermatologic conditions, common in both hiv-infected adults and children, have not been described in this age-group. we investigated the prevalence and spectrum of skin conditions in adolescents admitted to hospitals in zimbabwe. | 2010 | 19940800 |
| recent syphilis infection prevalence and risk factors among male low-income populations in coastal peruvian cities. | the objective of this study was to examine the epidemiology of syphilis among high-risk socially marginalized populations in urban, coastal peru, to quantify the prevalence of recent syphilis infection and identify risk factors. | 2010 | 19940809 |
| herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific t cells activated in the absence of ifn-gamma express alternative effector functions but are not protective against genital hsv-2 infection. | interferon gamma (ifngamma) is important for immune resistance to herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. to examine the influence of ifngamma on the development of hsv-specific immune responses and test for ifngamma-independent adaptive immune mechanisms of protection, ifngamma-deficient mice (ifngamma(-/-)) were immunized with thymidine kinase-deficient hsv-2 (hsv-2 333tk(-)). hsv-specific cellular and humoral responses were elicited in immunized ifngamma(-/-) mice resulting in increased resista ... | 2010 | 19942296 |
| intranasal immunization with a proteoliposome-derived cochleate containing recombinant gd protein confers protective immunity against genital herpes in mice. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of intranasal (in) immunization with neisseria meningitides b proteoliposome (afpl1) and afpl1-derived cochleate (afco1), containing glycoprotein d (gd) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) for induction of protective immunity against genital herpes infection in mice. we could show that in immunization with both afpl1 and afco1 containing gd induced gd-specific igg antibody and lymphoproliferative responses. however, ifn-gamma response ... | 2010 | 19945418 |
| sensitivity of v75i hiv-1 reverse transcriptase mutant selected in vitro by acyclovir to anti-hiv drugs. | trials of acyclovir for herpes simplex virus 2 infection in herpes simplex virus 2/hiv-1 coinfected patients not on antiretroviral therapy demonstrated a decrease in herpes simplex virus 2 and hiv-1 replication. recent studies indicated that acyclovir has direct anti-hiv-1 activity and can select for the hiv-1 v75i reverse transcriptase variant in vitro. we show that the v75i variant has decreased sensitivity to some nucleoside analogs but an increased sensitivity to zidovudine, results that may ... | 2010 | 20009920 |
| chromatin assembly on herpes simplex virus genomes during lytic infection. | the human herpes simplex viruses hsv-1 and hsv-2 infect a significant portion of the human population. both viruses can undergo lytic infection in epithelial cells and establish lifelong latency in neuronal cells. the large hsv-1 dna genomes have long been considered to be devoid of histones both inside the virion particle and inside the cell during lytic infection, but to be packaged in repressive chromatin during latency. however, recent reports indicate that many histone and non-histone chrom ... | 2010 | 19682614 |
| perceptions of couple hiv counseling and testing in botswana: a stakeholder analysis. | to explore stakeholder's perceptions of couples hiv counseling and testing (chct) as opposed to individual testing and potential couples' preferences for chct promotion and service provision. | 2010 | 19682831 |
| rapid diagnosis of herpetic encephalitis in children by pcr-microarray technology for simultaneous detection of seven human herpes viruses. | the aim of the study was to evaluate retrospectively the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-microarray technology, which can simultaneously detect seven human herpes viruses for rapid and accurate diagnosis of herpetic encephalitis in children. we simultaneously amplified herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2); varicella-zoster virus; epstein-barr virus (ebv); cytomegalovirus (cmv); and human herpes virus 6 (hhv-6a and hhv-6b) by multiplex pcr, and genotyped by dna m ... | 2010 | 19685343 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus dna in plasma of patients with primary but not with recurrent infection: implications for transfusion medicine? | among the family of herpes viruses, only cytomegalovirus (cmv) and, to a lesser extent, human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8) are of relevance in transfusion medicine. due to neutropism, herpes simplex viruses (hsv) types 1 and 2 are considered to be of minor relevance. however, several reports gave evidence that a hsv dnaemia might occur and hsv could therefore be transmissible by blood products. the aim of our study was to collect data about prevalence of hsv antibodies among blood donors and to clarif ... | 2010 | 19708895 |
| mechanism of herpes simplex virus type 2 suppression by propolis extracts. | genital herpes caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a chronic, persistent infection spreading efficiently and silently as sexually transmitted disease through the population. antiviral agents currently applied for the treatment of herpesvirus infections include acyclovir and derivatives. aqueous and ethanolic extracts of propolis were phytochemically analysed, different polyphenols, flavonoids and phenylcarboxylic acids were identified as major constituents. the aqueous propolis extr ... | 2010 | 19682876 |
| prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection by penile site in uncircumcised kenyan men. | human papillomavirus (hpv) prevalence was estimated from 2,705 sexually active, uncircumcised, human immunodeficiency virus seronegative men aged 17-28 years in kisumu, kenya. hpv prevalence was 51.1% (95% confidence interval: 49.2-53.0%) in penile cells from the glans/coronal sulcus and/or shaft. hpv prevalence varied by anatomical site, with 46.5% positivity in the glans/coronal sulcus compared with 19.1% in the shaft (p < 0.0001). high-risk hpv was detected in 31.2% of glans and 12.3% of shaf ... | 2010 | 19626601 |
| herpes folliculosebaceous ulcer in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: an ulcerative variant of herpes folliculitis associated with herpesvirus invasion of folliculosebaceous units in immunocompromised hosts. | 2010 | 19832859 | |
| brief counseling for reducing sexual risk and bacterial stis among drug users--results from project respect. | project respect's brief risk reduction counseling (brrc) reduced sexual risk and bacterial stis among at-risk heterosexuals and has been packaged for use with this population. we assessed brrc's efficacy with respect participants who used drugs and examined brrc's applicability to present-day users of heroin, cocaine, speedball, or crack. | 2010 | 19720471 |
| performance of hsv-2 type specific serological tests in men in kenya. | this study compared five serological tests with western blot from university of washington to determine the most accurate method for detecting antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in a male population in kisumu, kenya. a random sample of 250 fishermen from 18 beaches along lake victoria underwent serological testing by two generations of the herpeselect hsv-2 elisa ("focus gen 1" and "focus gen 2"), kalon hsv-2 elisa ("kalon"), biokit hsv-2 rapid test ("biokit"), and herpeselect exp ... | 2010 | 19854222 |
| the adjuvant cldc increases protection of a herpes simplex type 2 glycoprotein d vaccine in guinea pigs. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are common but there is no vaccine available. we evaluated cationic liposome-dna complexes (cldc) as an adjuvant for an hsv gd2 vaccine and compared it to an mpl/alum adjuvant in a guinea pig model of genital herpes. the addition of cldc to the gd2 vaccine significantly decreased acute and recurrent disease and most importantly the number of days with recurrent virus shedding compared to gd2 alone. reductions in these outcomes were also detected when gd2+cld ... | 2010 | 19857450 |
| bipolar hypertrophic herpes: an unusual presentation of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex type 2 in a hiv-infected patient. | hypertrophic pseudo tumoral herpetic lesion is an uncommon presentation in immunocompromized hosts that can be refractory to established therapies. we describe bipolar anal and tonsilar herpetic tumoral lesions related to acyclovir-resistant hsv-2 in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient. treatment with valacyclovir, cidofovir, and thalidomide failed and surgical excision was required. | 2010 | 19858782 |
| polyradiculoneuropathy associated to human herpesvirus 2 in an hiv-1-infected patient (elsberg syndrome): case report and literature review. | peripheral nerve disorders are a common complication in hiv patients, reaching 15% of them. several patterns and aetiologies have been described, being lumbosacral poliradiculoneuropathy one of them. we describe an hiv-1-infected patient who developed lumbosacral poliradiculoneuropathy caused by human herpesvirus 2 and review the literature about this uncommon condition. | 2010 | 19858783 |
| [antiviral activity of aqueous extracts and polysaccharide fractions from mycelium and fruit bodies of higher fungi]. | sixty preparations of basidiomycetes (ganoderma, lentinus, pleurotus, laetiporus, polyporus, inonotus, flammulina, grifola, trametes) were investigated with respect to their toxicity for vero cells and antiviral activity. the antiviral activity was estimated with the use of the west nile virus and type 2 herpes simplex. it was shown that 11 preparations of ganoderma, lentinus and pleurotus completely inhibited the infective activity in doses not lower than 1000 tcd50 (the west nile virus) and 10 ... | 2010 | 21400748 |
| herpes simplex virus-2 infection amongst urban male population in pakistan. | to describe the prevalence of herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) infection among males in six major cities of pakistan. | 2010 | 21375195 |
| hsv-2 serology can be predictive of hiv epidemic potential and hidden sexual risk behavior in the middle east and north africa. | hiv prevalence is low in the middle east and north africa (mena) region, though the risk or potential for further spread in the future is not well understood. behavioral surveys are limited in this region and when available have serious limitations in assessing the risk of hiv acquisition. we demonstrate the potential use of herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) seroprevalence as a marker for hiv risk within mena. | 2010 | 21352788 |
| persistent genital herpes simplex virus-2 shedding years following the first clinical episode. | patients with newly acquired genital herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infection have virus frequently detected at the genital mucosa. rates of genital shedding initially decrease over time after infection, but data on long-term viral shedding are lacking. | 2010 | 21288817 |
| recruited inflammatory monocytes stimulate antiviral th1 immunity in infected tissue. | monocytes patrol various tissues for signs of infection and inflammation. inflammatory monocytes enter peripheral tissues at sites of microbial infection and differentiate into dendritic cells and macrophages. here, we examined the importance of monocytes in primary mucosal infection with herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2), and demonstrate that monocyte-derived apcs are required to elicit ifn-γ secretion from effector th1 cells to mediate antiviral protection. however, monocyte-derived apcs were dis ... | 2010 | 21173243 |
| keratinocytes play a role in the immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection is the most common cause of genital ulcerative disease in the developed world. keratinocytes are the primary cells involved in clinical lesions caused by hsv-2. in our study, we intensively examined cytokine expression in the hsv-2-infected keratinocytes. we observed upregulation of a series of cytokines including early-induced antiviral cytokines as interferons α, β (ifn-α, β), tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α), colony stimulating factors (csfs) as g- ... | 2010 | 21175248 |
| fishermen as a suitable population for hiv intervention trials. | background. suitable populations to sustain continued evaluation of hiv and sexually transmitted infection (sti) prevention interventions are required. we sought to determine whether fishermen are a suitable population for hiv intervention trials. methods. in a cross-sectional descriptive survey, we selected 250 fishermen from proportional to size sampled boats. we collected socioeconomic and behavioral information, and specimens for hiv, herpes simplex virus (hsv-2), syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamy ... | 2010 | 21490906 |
| sexually transmitted infections among pakistani pregnant women and their husbands in norway. | to assess frequency and determine the factors associated with chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus type 2, and hepatitis b seropositivity among pakistani pregnant women and their husbands in norway. | 2010 | 21151677 |
| screening of herpes simplex virus 2 infection among pregnant women in southern china. | the aim was to investigate the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 infection among pregnant women in southern china and analyze the relationship between the hsv-2 infection and pregnancy outcome. we examined 1740 sera collected from pregnant women aged 21-39 years, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of specific antibodies against hsv-2. the overall prevalence of hsv-2 infection was 23.56% (95% confidence interval [ci]=21.53-26.00). the prevalence of hsv-2 infection ... | 2010 | 21269306 |
| [study on the inhibition effect of sirna on herpes simplex virus type 2 icp4 gene]. | to explore the inhibition effect of rna interference on the icp4 expression and dna replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2). | 2010 | 21186526 |
| molecular detection of cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus 2, human papillomavirus 16-18 in turkish pregnants. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) is the most common cause of viral intrauterine infections in the world. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and human papillomavirus (hpv) are the main agents of viral sexually transmitted diseases, which cause genital ulcers and genital warts, respectively. hpv infection has been linked to the majority of the anogenital malignancies. the aim of this study was to detect the existence of cmv, hsv-2 and hpv type 16-18 in turkish pregnants by using sensitive molecular as ... | 2010 | 21340297 |
| dermacase. can you identify this condition? genital herpes. | 2010 | 21156897 | |
| crystal structure of the epstein-barr virus (ebv) glycoprotein h/glycoprotein l (gh/gl) complex. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) is a γ-herpesvirus that infects b cells and epithelial cells and that has been linked to malignancies in both cell types in vivo. ebv, like other herpesviruses, has three glycoproteins, glycoprotein b (gb), gh, and gl, that form the core membrane fusion machinery mediating viral penetration into the cell. the gh and gl proteins associate to form a heterodimeric complex, which is necessary for efficient membrane fusion and also implicated in direct binding to epitheli ... | 2010 | 21149717 |
| reduction of herpes simplex virus type-2 replication in cell cultures and in rodent models with peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers. | genital herpes, caused by herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2), is a recurrent, lifelong disease affecting tens of millions of people in the usa alone. hsv-2 can be treated therapeutically with acyclovir (acv) and its derivatives; however, no treatment can prevent hsv reactivation. novel topical anti-hsv microbicides are much needed to reduce hsv-2 transmission and to treat primary or reactivated infections, especially for acv-resistant strains. peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino ol ... | 2010 | 21149921 |
| subcellular localization of the alphaherpesvirus serine/threonine kinase us3 as a determinant of us3 function. | the us3 serine threonine kinases perform multiple roles in alphaherpesvirus infection and can localize to distinct subcellular compartments. transient expression of us3 in cells results in two dramatic alterations of the actin cytoskeleton: production of actin-based filamentous processes (fps); and breakdown of actin stress fibres giving rise to rounded cell morphology. in our recent study on fps induced by hsv-2 us3, we noted that fp formation was diminished when hsv-2 us3 was trapped within th ... | 2010 | 21178457 |
| a post-trial assessment of factors influencing study drug adherence in a randomized biomedical hiv-1 prevention trial. | high adherence and maintenance of blinding are critical for placebo-controlled efficacy trials of hiv-1 biomedical prevention strategies. we assessed adherence to study drug and factors affecting adherence, including perceived randomization group, in a post-trial questionnaire of participants who completed hptn 039, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of hsv-2 suppression with twice-daily acyclovir to reduce hiv-1 acquisition. of the 3172 trial participants, 2003 (63%) completed the post-tria ... | 2010 | 21104007 |
| combining prevention of hiv-1, other sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies: development of dual-protection technologies. | a significant number of women, especially in developing countries, need protection against more than one sexually transmitted infection (stis), for instance hiv-1 and hsv-2, and family planning methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies. dual protection technologies (dpts; also known as multipurpose technologies) are designed to address two different indications with one product. examples of dpts are vaginal products capable of preventing transmission of hiv-1 in women while simultaneously providin ... | 2010 | 21109068 |
| novel approaches to vaginal delivery and safety of microbicides: biopharmaceuticals, nanoparticles, and vaccines. | the hiv-1 epidemic remains unchecked despite existing technology; vaccines and microbicides in development may help reverse the epidemic. reverse transcriptase inhibitors (rtis) formulated in gels tenofovir (tfv) and ivrs (dapivirine) are under clinical development. while tfv or similar products may prove successful for hiv-1, alternatives to rtis may provide additional benefits, e.g., broader sti prevention. biopharmaceutical agents under development as microbicides include cyanovirin, rantes a ... | 2010 | 21109069 |
| immune-based approaches to the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hiv-1: active and passive immunization. | despite more than 2 decades of research, an effective vaccine that can prevent hiv-1 infection in populations exposed to the virus remains elusive. in the pursuit of an hiv-1 vaccine, does prevention of exposure to maternal hiv-1 in utero, at birth or in early life through breast milk require special consideration? this article reviews what is known about the immune mechanisms of susceptibility and resistance to mother-to-child transmission (mtct) of hiv-1 and summarizes studies that have used p ... | 2010 | 21078451 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 meningitis and symptomatic migraine. | 2010 | 20957382 | |
| sensitivity and specificity of herpes simplex virus-2 serological assays among hiv-infected and uninfected urban ugandans. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a risk factor for hiv-1 infection. we characterized hsv-2 serology assay performance in hiv-positive and hiv-negative africans. serostatus for hsv-2 and hiv-1 was determined in 493 serum specimens stored from a community hsv-2 prevalence survey in kampala, uganda. hsv-2 serology by focus herpeselect elisa, biokit hsv-2 rapid assay and kalon hsv-2 was compared with hsv-2 western blot (wb) according to hiv-1 serostatus. sensitivity/specificity was: 99.5%/70.2 ... | 2010 | 21097732 |
| sexually transmitted infections and hiv: epidemiology and interventions. | although the association of hiv and sexually transmitted infections (stis) has been well known for 25 years, there is insufficient attention to stis by many hiv providers, in part because patients are asymptomatic or have nonspecific symptoms and because of provider demands and focus. optimal patient care requires frequent testing for stis as well as obtaining an accurate medical history, which requires building trust with patients and asking direct but open-ended questions about risks and sympt ... | 2010 | 21107013 |
| acute retinal necrosis after herpetic encephalitis. | purpose: to report a case of unilateral acute retinal necrosis after herpetic encephalitis case report: a young man was referred with a chief complaint of blurred vision and pain of the left eye 1 month after herpetic encephalitis in the left frontotemporal lobe. the patient had multiple foci of retinitis in the retinal periphery associated with vitritis, blot retinal hemorrhage and retinal arteriolitis. the impression of acute retinal necrosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction of aqueo ... | 2010 | 21113344 |
| a mucosal vaccination approach for herpes simplex virus type 2. | an estimated 1 out of every 5 americans is infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). efforts in developing a potent vaccine for hsv-2 have shown limited success. here we describe a heterologous vaccination strategy for hsv-2 based on an intramuscular dna prime followed by a liposome-encapsulated antigen boost delivered intranasally. both portions of the vaccine express the immunogenic hsv-2 glycoprotein d. in female balb/c mice, this heterologous immunisation regimen stimulated high tit ... | 2010 | 21134447 |
| prevalence and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections in a high-risk occupational group: the case of fishermen along lake victoria in kisumu, kenya. | the aim of this study was to assess prevalence and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections (stis) among fishermen along lake victoria, kenya. this cross-sectional study surveyed 250 fishermen from beaches in kisumu district using proportional-to-size sampling based on the number of registered boats per beach. participants provided demographic and sexual behaviour information, blood for hiv-1 herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and syphilis serological tests urine for transcription-media ... | 2010 | 21139150 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 seropositivity and relationship status among u.s. adults age 20 to 49: a population-based analysis. | u.s. population studies show herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) seroprevalence levelling by approximately age 30, suggesting few new infections after that age. it is unclear whether this pattern is driven by greater percentages in stable relationships, and to what extent adults who initiate new relationships may be at risk of incident hsv-2 infection. | 2010 | 21176214 |
| prevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus-2 and syphilis infections in the general population in india. | to determine the prevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) and syphilis infections in the general population in india. | 2010 | 21059842 |
| loss of the type i interferon pathway increases vulnerability of mice to genital herpes simplex virus 2 infection. | the mouse model of genital herpes relies on medoxyprogesterone treatment of female mice to render the vaginal lumen susceptible to inoculation with herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2). in the present study, we report that mice deficient in the a1 chain of the type i interferon receptor (cd118(-/-)) are susceptible to hsv-2 in the absence of medroxyprogesterone preconditioning. in the absence of hormone pretreatment, 2,000 pfu of a clinical isolate of hsv-2 was sufficient to establish a productive inf ... | 2010 | 21147921 |
| modelling the interactions between herpes simplex virus type 2 and hiv: implications for the hiv epidemic in southern india. | the role of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in the hiv epidemic and the potential impact of hsv-2 suppressive therapy have previously been explored only within the context of sub-saharan africa. in this analysis, modelling is used to estimate the contribution of hsv-2 to hiv transmission from clients to female sex workers (fsw) in a southern indian setting and the maximum potential impact of 'perfect' hsv-2 suppressive therapy on hiv incidence. | 2010 | 21059838 |
| pattern of sexually transmitted infections and performance of syndromic management against etiological diagnosis in patients attending the sexually transmitted infection clinic of a tertiary care hospital. | the availability of baseline information on the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections (stis) and other associated risk behaviors is essential for designing, implementing, and monitoring successful targeted interventions. also, continuous analysis of risk assessment and prevalence-based screening studies are necessary to evaluate and monitor the performance of syndromic management. the aim of the present study was to document the pattern of common stis and to evaluate the performance of ... | 2010 | 21716796 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2: seroprevalence in antenatal women. | to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex type 2 (hsv-2) infection in pregnant females, assess the frequency of unrecognized infection and identify the demographic profile and risk factors associated with the seroprevalence. | 2010 | 21808430 |