Publications

kirsten murine sarcoma virus abolishes interferon gamma-induced class ii but not class i major histocompatibility antigen expression in a murine fibroblast line.	the effect of infecting fibroblasts with kirsten murine sarcoma virus/murine leukemia virus (ki-msv/mlv) on constitutive and ifn-gamma-induced h-2 antigen expression was investigated. the fibroblasts used were two established cell lines (c3h10t1/2 and balb/c3t3) and fresh embryo fibroblasts from c3h mice. class i antigens were expressed constitutively by balb/c3t3; infection with mlv, msv or the two together had little effect on this constitutive expression. class i antigens (h-2k, h-2d) were st ...	1988	2831293
non-cholinergic basal forebrain neurons project to the contralateral basal forebrain in the rat.	following injections of wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) or the fluorescent tracer fluoro-gold into the magnocellular preoptic area and the horizontal limb of the diagonal band, retrogradely labelled neurons were found in the homotopic region of the contralateral basal forebrain. labelled fibers apparently arising from these neurons travelled in the stria medullaris and the habenular commissure to terminate in the contralateral basal forebrain. although the neuro ...	1988	2831483
involvement of prostaglandins in histamine-induced fluid and electrolyte secretion by rat colon.	histamine increased the transmural potential difference across rat colon in-vivo and induced a net secretion of fluid. both effects were inhibited by indomethacin. histamine increased the potential difference and short-circuit current, and reduced tissue resistance in colonic sheets in-vitro. this response was reduced in the absence of chloride in the bathing medium or in the presence of serosal frusemide, suggesting that histamine stimulated electrogenic chloride secretion by the colon. the ris ...	1988	2897440
human taqi rflp recognized by neurofilament gene probes.		1988	2897670
rflp for taqi at the human neurofilament (nf-l) gene locus.		1988	2897671
isolation and mapping of a polymorphic dna sequence (pynz32) on chromosome 4p [d4s125].		1988	2897672
mechanisms of altered hormone and neurotransmitter action during aging: the role of impaired calcium mobilization.	age-related changes in hormone and neurotransmitter regulation of physiological functions result from various mechanistic alterations. in many cases changes in the receptors for these agents appear to be closely linked to altered responsiveness. in other instances, receptors are unaffected by aging, and various post-receptor changes result in functional deterioration. examples of the latter situation include stimulation of cyclic amp production and high-affinity association of steroid receptor-h ...	1988	2897815
impact of b subunit killed whole-cell and killed whole-cell-only oral vaccines against cholera upon treated diarrhoeal illness and mortality in an area endemic for cholera.	the impact of b subunit killed whole-cell (bs-wc) and killed whole-cell-only (wc) oral cholera vaccines was assessed in a randomised double-blind trial in rural bangladesh. 62,285 children aged 2-15 years and women aged over 15 ingested three doses of one of the vaccines or placebo. during the first year of follow-up there was a 26% reduction of all visits for treatment of diarrhoea in the bs-wc group and a 22% reduction in the wc group. the reduction of all admissions for fatal or severely dehy ...	1988	2898052
safe, live vibrio cholerae vaccines?	mutants of vibrio cholerae defective in intestinal colonization have been constructed. characterization of these mutants has led to the identification of a gene cluster involved in the assembly of a pilus colonization factor called tcp. the tcp operon has been cloned and strains of v. cholerae have been constructed that overproduce this pilus and the b subunit of cholera toxin. together these studies may contribute to the eventual construction of efficient live and killed, oral cholera vaccines.	1988	2898843
detergent-accelerated hydrolysis of bacterial endotoxins and determination of the anomeric configuration of the glycosyl phosphate present in the "isolated lipid a" fragment of the bordetella pertussis endotoxin.	due to the formation of micelles, severance of the hydrophilic (poly- or oligosaccharide) and hydrophobic ("lipid a") domains of bacterial lipopolysaccharides at ph 3.4 or 4.5 and 100 degrees is slow and sometimes does not proceed at all; partially degraded fragments are usually formed. at ph 3.4 (100 degrees) in aqueous 1% sodium dodecylsulphate (sds), both lipopolysaccharides of the bordetella pertussis endotoxin are cleaved within 20-30 min, but 80% of the glycosidically bound phosphate prese ...	1988	2900066
binding of mouse red blood cells (mrbc) by human thymocytes: augmentation of rosette formation by phospholipase c treatment.	the formation of rosettes with mrbc is not an exclusive property of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and of human b-lymphocytes. human thymus cells and the hd-mar t-cell line were also found to be capable of forming rosettes with mrbc. the binding of mrbc by thymocytes differed from that of sheep (srbc), rabbit (rrbc) and human (hrbc) erythrocytes by a number of parameters: monoclonal antibodies against the e-receptor inhibited the attachment of srbc, rrbc, and hrbc, but not of mrbc to thymus ...	1988	2900227
importance of pulmonary blood volume and aortic blood pressure in regulation of left ventricular function.		1988	2900297
inhibitory effect of glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives on arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear oedema.	the inhibitory effects of glycyrrhetinic acid and its derivatives were examined on arachidonic acid (aa)-induced ear oedema in mice. of the compounds, dihemiphthalate derivatives of 18 beta-olean-12-ene-3 beta, 30-diol (iid, iid'), 18 beta-olean-9(11)12-diene-3 beta, 30-diol (iiia, iiia') and olean-11, 13(18)-diene-3 beta, 30-diol (iva, iva') showed a strong inhibition of ear oedema on both tropical (id50, 1.9, 2.8 and 1.7 mg/ear, respectively) and oral (id50, 90, 130 and 88 mg kg-1, respectivel ...	1988	2900308
safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of recombinant live oral cholera vaccines, cvd 103 and cvd 103-hgr.	the genes encoding the a (toxic) subunit of cholera toxin were deleted from pathogenic vibrio cholerae o1 strain 569b by recombinant techniques, leaving intact production of immunogenic, non-toxic b subunit. the resultant strain, cvd 103, evaluated for safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy as a live oral vaccine, was highly attenuated and elicited strong antibacterial and antitoxic immune responses; a single dose significantly protected volunteers against challenge with pathogenic v cholerae o1 o ...	1988	2900401
the role of cloned genes in the prevention of genetic disease.	the application of recombinant dna technology to the study of human genetic disease promises to increase the scope for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. here we summarize current experience with prenatal diagnosis of single-gene disorders by dna analysis and highlight some of the technical and organizational problems that remain to be solved.	1988	2900519
adult t cell leukemia presenting with proliferative synovitis.		1988	2900640
serum from the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) lacks lytic activity against some trypanosoma vivax stocks. short communication.		1988	2901208
human herpesvirus 6 and the henle-koch postulates.		1988	2901654
occurrence of pyroglutamyl peptidase ii, a specific trh degrading enzyme in rabbit retinal membranes and in human retinoblastoma cells.	pyroglutamyl peptidase ii, a highly specific thyrotropin releasing hormone (trh)-degrading enzyme is found in highest concentration in brain where it is localized to synaptic membranes. retina contains relatively high concentrations of both immunoreactive trh and trh receptors. we report that the specific activity of pyroglutamyl peptidase ii in rabbit retinal membranes exceeds that of all non-cns tissues thus far studied. nine clonal cell lines were screened for this enzymatic activity. the spe ...	1988	2901687
a population of very small striatal neurons in the cat displays vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity.	cells displaying vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) immunoreactivity were demonstrated in the feline striatum using a monoclonal antibody raised against natural porcine vip. the vip-immunoreactive neurons in the cat striatum were very small, (8 microns diameter) bipolar and multipolar cells. the vip-positive neurons were more numerous than the cholinergic neurons but less common than the somatostatin-immunoreactive cells in the cat caudate-putamen. the vip-immunoreactive cells were localize ...	1988	2901699
dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats determined by on-line dialysis: effects of apomorphine and the neuroleptic-like peptide desenkephalin-gamma-endorphin.	this study examined the effects of apomorphine, sulpiride, desenkephalin-gamma-endorphin (de gamma e) and a combination of de gamma e with apomorphine on the release of dopamine (da) and its main metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (dopac) and homovanillic acid (hva) in the nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats. a fully automated on-line brain dialysis system was used. a small dose of s.c. administered apomorphine induced a decrease in the output of da and dopac. sulpiride, infused into ...	1988	2901702
pertussis toxin blocks the effects of alpha 2-agonists and antagonists on locus coeruleus activity in vivo.	this study assessed the effects of pertussis toxin, which is known to inactivate g proteins and therefore to block receptors linked to g proteins, on electrophysiological activity of the locus coeruleus in vivo. pertussis toxin was injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle of rats, and locus coeruleus activity was then recorded. compared to vehicle-injected control animals, pretreatment with pertussis toxin markedly increased the spontaneous firing rate of locus coeruleus neurons. in addition ...	1988	2901703
cloning and sequencing of a clostridium perfringens sialidase gene.	escherichia coli was transformed with puc vectors containing sau3a restriction fragments (rf) of clostridium perfringens dna. two clones expressed sialidase activity when assayed with the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-d-n-acetylneuraminic acid. a synthetic oligonucleotide representing the n-terminus of the expressed enzyme hybridized with the clostridial insert and with a corresponding 2.1 kb sau3a rf of the c. perfringens genome. the insert reduced to 1.4 kb, which still enco ...	1988	2901987
characterization of the vibrio cholerae toxr regulon: identification of novel genes involved in intestinal colonization.	a gene fusion library of vibrio cholerae classical strain o395 was generated by using a broad host range vector for delivery of the transposon tnphoa. the insertion library was screened for colonies expressing alkaline phosphatase-positive (phoa+) fusion proteins on lb agar at 30 degrees c in the presence of 0.2% glucose. over 600 phoa+ strains were isolated and then tested for regulation of their gene fusions in broth media that permitted high or low expression of cholera toxin. this strategy r ...	1988	2902009
localization of plutonium retention in the small intestine of the neonatal rat, guinea pig, baboon and macaca after pu-citrate ingestion.	the retention of pu-citrate in the gastrointestinal wall was compared at similar post ingestion times after ingestion at 2 days of age by rats and guinea pigs and at 1 to 34 days by neonatal primates. the small intestine was the main site of the pu retention in all species. in rats and primates, most of the pu was retained in the distal ileum, whereas in guinea pigs it was more homogeneously distributed. in the rats, pu was retained in the epithelial cells on villi, but in the guinea pigs and pr ...	1988	2902152
toxin, toxin-coregulated pili, and the toxr regulon are essential for vibrio cholerae pathogenesis in humans.	isogenic mutant strains of v. cholerae o1 lacking elements of a genetic regulon controlled by toxr and implicated in virulence were tested in volunteers. a deletion mutation in ctxa, the gene encoding the a subunit of cholera toxin, markedly attenuated disease symptoms without affecting intestinal colonization. deletion of toxr, the gene encoding the cholera toxin-positive regulatory protein resulted in a diminution in colonizing capacity. a deletion mutation in tcpa, encoding the major subunit ...	1988	2902187
effect of oversulphated chondroitin and dermatan sulphate upon thrombin and factor xa inactivation by antithrombin iii or heparin cofactor ii.	the kinetics of inhibition of human thrombin and factor xa by antithrombin iii or heparin cofactor ii were examined under pseudo-first-order conditions as a function of the concentration of naturally occurring oversulphated chondroitin and dermatan sulphates. the sulphated glycosaminoglycans (gags) studied were chondroitin sulphate d (csd) (glca-2-so4-galnac-6-so4), chondroitin sulphate k (csk) (glca-3-so4-galnac-4-so4), chondroitin sulphate h (csh) (ida-galnac-4,6-diso4) and polysulphated derma ...	1988	2902851
vibrio cholerae o1 adherence to villi and lymphoid follicle epithelium: in vitro model using formalin-treated human small intestine and correlation between adherence and cell-associated hemagglutinin levels.	formalin-fixed human small intestinal mucosa possessing villi and lymphoid follicle epithelium of peyer's patches at the mucosal surface was used to test the adherence ability of clinically isolated strains of vibrio cholerae o1. v. cholerae o1 grown on cfa agar for approximately 3 h at 37 degrees c had various levels of cellular hemagglutinins (has) and manifested adherence abilities that were roughly correlated with the cellular ha levels, irrespective of cellular ha types. v. cholerae o1 adhe ...	1988	2903129
vibrio cholerae non-o1: production of cell-associated hemagglutinins and in vitro adherence to mucus coat and epithelial surfaces of the villi and lymphoid follicles of human small intestines treated with formalin.	clinically isolated vibrio cholerae non-o1 strains produced more cell-associated hemagglutinins (has) on colonization factor antigen agar after ca. 3 h than after ca. 20 h of incubation at 37 degrees c. a high cell-associated ha producer variant of strain tvn-318, grown for 3 h at 37 degrees c, was entrapped in a native mucus coat covering the human ileal mucosa and displayed a striking ability to adhere to the surface of a formalin-treated mucus coat, in contrast to a poor cell-associated ha pr ...	1988	2903173
antiallergy agents. 1. substituted 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1h)-ones as inhibitors of srs-a release.	a novel class of antiallergy agents, the substituted 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1h)-ones, is described. the present compounds are orally active, potent inhibitors of allergic and nonallergic bronchospasm in animal models. structure-activity studies of the lead compound in this series, 1-phenyl-3-n-butyl-4-hydroxynaphthyridin-2(1h)-one (11), identified three compounds of interest, 1-phenyl-3-(2-propenyl)-4-acetoxy-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1h)-one (12), 1-(3'-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-propenyl)-4-acetoxy-1,8-naphthyri ...	1988	2903244
apical membrane endocytosis via coated pits is stimulated by removal of antidiuretic hormone from isolated, perfused rabbit cortical collecting tubule.	antidiuretic hormone increases the water permeability of the cortical collecting tubule and causes the appearance of intramembrane particle aggregates in the apical plasma membrane of principal cells. particle aggregates are located in apical membrane coated pits during stimulation of collecting ducts with adh in situ. removal of adh causes a rapid decline in water permeability. we evaluated apical membrane retrieval associated with removal of adh by studying the endocytosis of horseradish perox ...	1988	2903250
abdominal wall defects and cryptorchidism: an animal model.	intra-abdominal pressure has been implicated in the mechanism of testicular descent. boys born with abdominal wall defects reportedly have an increased incidence of cryptorchidism. to examine this relationship further a rat model was developed. the rat testis normally descends postnatally on or about day 21. in this study newborn male rats underwent surgical excision of all anterior abdominal musculature from the umbilicus to the xiphoid, while a control group had a sham procedure. in both group ...	1988	2903256
ketamine blocks an nmda receptor-mediated component of synaptic transmission in rat hippocampus in a voltage-dependent manner.	we have examined the voltage dependence of the effects of ketamine on synaptic currents in hippocampal ca1 neurons in vitro under conditions where there is a large n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptor mediated component of the response. ketamine reduced inward currents to a greater extent than outward currents of a corresponding size. d-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (apv) substantially reduced the residual outward currents recorded in ketamine, but had only a small effect on the residual inward on ...	1988	2903476
maintenance of integrity, viability, and adhesion of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites in different incubation media.	we have determined the integrity, viability and adhesion of entamoeba histolytica hk9 and hm1 trophozoites during their incubation in two basal culture media (tp and tyi) and three saline media ("maintenance medium" mm-1 and two others buffered with hepes). in basal culture media, more than 70% of the trophozoites maintained their integrity and adhesion to human red blood cells (rbc) for up to 4 h, and the proportion of those excluding trypan blue decreased slowly after 2 h. in saline media, the ...	1988	2904497
clinical isolates of vibrio cholerae o1 not producing cholera toxin.		1988	2904592
morphological studies on fimbriae expressed by vibrio cholerae 01.	colonization of the small intestine is an essential step in the pathogenesis of vibrio cholerae diarrhea. at least one type of fimbriae, known as tcpa are required for the colonization process. this paper reports electron microscopic evidence that v. cholerae strains can express at least two other fimbrial types. classical strains express three types: tcpa fimbriae are 5-6 nm in diameter and form bundles of parallel undulating filaments up to 15 micron long; type b are 3 nm wide and of wavy morp ...	1988	2904642
the pathogenesis and immunology of vibrio cholerae and bordetella pertussis.		1988	2904796
production of pili on vibrio parahaemolyticus.	electron microscopic examination showed that all strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus examined had pili on their surface when the organism was grown on marine agar at 28 degrees c for 6-12 h. the pili were morphologically stable on heat treatment at 60 degrees c for 10 min, but both the lateral and polar flagella possessed by this organism were labile. no immunological cross-reactivity between pili of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae non-01 and those of v. parahaemolyticus was ...	1988	2905206
pharmacological properties of the positive inotropic and alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking agent saterinone.	the pharmacological properties of saterinone [+/-)-1,2-dihydro-5-[4-[2-hydroxy-3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl] propoxy]phenyl]-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridine-carbonitrile, bdf 8634) were investigated in isolated organs of the guinea pig and in human platelets. saterinone was found to be a potent antagonist at vascular alpha 1-adrenoceptors with a pa2-value of 8.46 +/- 0.12. besides its affinity for alpha 1-adrenoceptors saterinone exerted a positive inotropic effect in the isolated papillary mu ...	1988	2906245
metabolism of lovastatin by rat and human liver microsomes in vitro.	the metabolism of lovastatin (mevacor) was examined using isolated microsomes derived from the livers of normal and phenobarbital-treated rats and from human liver samples. incubation of lovastatin with rat liver microsomes resulted in the formation of several polar metabolites of lovastatin. the metabolites were isolated by hplc and identified by nmr and mass spectrometry. one fraction consisted of a 2:1 mixture of 6-hydroxy-lovastatin and the rearrangement product delta 4,5-3-hydroxy lovastati ...	1988	2906589
malaria as anthropo-ecosystem. part i: general concept.		1988	2906647
changes in the metabolic profile of the equine gluteus medius as a function of sampling depth.	1. cross sections from the middle of the gluteus medius were removed from 10 adult horses and used to evaluate changes in histochemically determined muscle fiber type and biochemically determined metabolic enzyme activities as a function of sample depth. 2. muscle fiber types determined using histochemical methods for myosin atpase (ph 9.4) and succinic dehydrogenase (sdh) activity indicated percent fast-twitch glycolytic (fg) muscle fibers decreased and slow-twitch oxidative (so) fibers increas ...	1988	2907449
chronic cocaine enhances defensive behaviour in the laboratory mouse: involvement of d2 dopamine receptors.	c57bl/6 male mice injected with a challenge dose (20 mg/kg) of cocaine 72 h after the end of chronic intermittent treatment with the psychostimulant (two daily injections of 20 mg/kg for 10 days) exhibited a clear-cut increase in defensive upright and sideways postures and escape when confronted with a non-drugged conspecific. treated mice spent 40% of time showing defensive acts over the 5-min testing session. administration of the selective d2 receptor antagonist (-)-sulpiride (25 mg/kg) befor ...	1988	2907661
eukaryote membrane genetics: the fo sector of mitochondrial atp synthase.		1988	2907692
[purification and characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus pili isolated from a patient with diarrhea: comparative studies with vibrio cholerae o1 pili].		1988	2907917
naloxone, but not tyr-mif-1, reduces volitional ethanol drinking in rats: correlation with degree of spontaneous preference.	the possible relationship between the actions of ethanol and opiates led us to examine the effect of opiate antagonists on ethanol intake in rats with a free choice of water. naloxone (nal) significantly reduced intake of ethanol. this effect was much greater in "high-preferring" (ethanol/total fluid intake greater than 60%) than in "low-preferring" (ethanol/total fluid intake less than 30%) rats. furthermore, a correlation was found between the degree of spontaneous preference (ethanol/total fl ...	1988	2908062
subunit structure and enzymic activity of pertussis toxin.	pertussis toxin, an adp-ribosylating toxin, interacts with vertebrate cells of many types and inhibits the ability of these cells to respond to certain hormones and neurotransmitters, resulting in a multitude of biological effects. the structure and mechanism of action of this toxin are described.	1988	2908558
neuropeptide-dopamine interactions. iii. cyclo(his-pro) and persistence of dopaminergic supersensitivity on withdrawal from one year continuous neuroleptic treatment.	when rats are given dopaminergic antagonists (neuroleptics) continuously for several days behavioral supersensitivity to dopaminergic agonists results. this supersensitivity, however, declines rapidly on neuroleptic withdrawal. the data presented here, however, are the first to show that the supersensitivity persists for a longer duration (greater than 100 days) if the neuroleptic is administered continuously for 1 year. oral administration of 0.76 +/- 0.13 mg/kg/day cyclo(his-pro), a peptide ex ...	1988	2908706
[midwifery technics and natural childbirth. round table discussion].		1988	259667
"we'd rather do it ourselves".		1988	259472
active chloride transport powered by na-k-atpase in shark rectal gland.	the isolated rectal gland of the spiny dogfish is a unique model for the study of active chloride transport. the gland is stimulated to secrete chloride agains an electrical and a chemical gradient when perfused in vitro by theophylline and/or dibutyryl cyclic amp. chloride secretion is depressed by ouabain which inhibits na-k-atpase. thiocyanate and furosemide also inhibit chloride secretion but ethoxolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, does not. chloride transport is highly dependent on so ...	1988	210993
promiscuity and pill: etiologic agents in the genesis of cervical malignancy.	an 800% increase in the number of "suspicious" papanicolaou smears from young women have been reported since 1970. in cases diagnosed from tissue specimens as "surface dysplasia," the majority of patients gave histories of use of birth control pills and sexual promiscuity. sexually active women have an increased incidence of cervical ectopy. in cervical ectopy the endocervical columnar cells are exposed to the acid vaginal content. development of squamous metaplasia may result. an ideal contrace ...	1988	266326
electron-microscopic observations of normal coelomocytes from the earthworm, lumbricus terrestris.	coelomocytes of the earthworm, lumbricus terrestris, were studied by transmission electron microscopy. four morphological cell types are distinguishable: lymphocytic coelomocytes, granulocytic coelomocytes, eleocytes (chloragogen cells), and inclusion-containing coelomocytes. within these major categories, several distinct cell types differ and may represent developmental stages. the two types of lymphocytic coelomocytes are small with central nuclei and scanty cytoplasms. two types of granulocy ...	1988	202389
[albrecht graefe (on the 150th anniversary of his birth)].		1988	358049
endoscopic diagnosis of metastatic disease of the stomach and duodenum.	the commonest tumours which metastasise to the upper gastrointestinal tract are from malignant melanoma, carcinoma of the breast and lung. over a period of 12 months, three persons with known malignant disease were submitted to endoscopy by reason of upper gastrointestinal symptoms which could have been due to associated non-malignant disease. two patients had known malignant melanoma and one a carcinoma of the breast. in each instance, endoscopy and biopsy demonstrated evidence of metastatic di ...	1988	266894
new selective and differential medium for vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus.	[this corrects the article on p. 2263 in vol. 53.].	1988	16347534
learning to learn.		1988	259656
genetic effects on aging of collagen, with special reference to diabetes mellitus.		1988	204371
[peritonsillar abscesses as a complication of laryngitis in miners].		1988	266808
[experiences with wofasteril for disinfection in dentistry].		1988	266798
maintenance of pelvic floor integrity during childbirth.		1988	259640
a model of caring: an alternative health care model for nursing practice and research.		1988	259414
hepatic ultrasonography in the diagnosis of space taking lesions.		1988	211174
phagocytosis: a review.	primitive unicellular organisms depend greatly on internalization of particulate matter for nourishment. in metazoa, this process is further developed to play a major role in mechanisms of defense. this review analyzes, mainly in mammalian systems, the various phenomena surrounding the phagocytic act. much of the emphasis is placed on experimental work which has recently elucidated some of its features. both the structural and functional aspects of phagocytosis are considered throughout the revi ...	1988	210992
a case for courage.		1988	259251
self-help groups: depressives associated.		1988	259248
detection of marker associations with a dominant disease gene in genetically complex and heterogeneous diseases.	linkage disequilibrium of a marker allele with disease may characterize a chromosomal region containing the disease gene. in several diseases, only a limited number of pedigrees are linked to a particular region, because of linkage heterogeneity. disequilibrium in this situation is more easily detected when the association is positive (an infrequent marker allele associated with disease mutation), and sampling is conditional on presence or absence of illness in individuals or gametes. defining h ...	1987	2491015
[skeletal maturation in the school population of turin. comparison between the tw2 method and the greulich and pyle methods. ii. females of 6 and 8 years].		1987	203837
effect of cyclosporin a immunosuppression on primary lymphotropic herpesvirus infection in the guinea pig.	female guinea pigs pretreated for 2 days with cyclosporin a (csa), were then inoculated intranasally (in) or intraperitoneally (ip) with a lymphotropic herpesvirus (gphlv) and followed by 4 additional daily doses of csa. immunosuppressed animals did not show lymphocytosis and virus infectivity titers in their spleen, cervical lymph node and blood mononuclear cells were lower than those of oil-treated controls. while in-inoculated csa-treated animals expressed higher virus infectivity titer in th ...	1987	2832345
1,4-dithiothreitol-induced changes in histamine h1-agonist efficacy and affinity in the longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea-pig ileum.	the effect of 1,4-dithiothreitol (dtt) on histamine h1-receptor agonist affinity and efficacy has been investigated in longitudinal muscle strips of guinea-pig ileum. exposure of ileal smooth muscle to dtt significantly increased the maximal responses to the partial agonists skf71473 and de-2pea, indicative of an increase in agonist efficacy. this effect was paralleled by a small decrease in ec50 values. in contrast, dtt produced a parallel displacement of the concentration-response curve to the ...	1987	2880626
1,4-dithiothreitol-induced changes in histamine h1-agonist efficacy and affinity in the longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea-pig ileum.	the effect of 1,4-dithiothreitol (dtt) on histamine h1-receptor agonist affinity and efficacy has been investigated in longitudinal muscle strips of guinea-pig ileum. exposure of ileal smooth muscle to dtt significantly increased the maximal responses to the partial agonists skf71473 and de-2pea, indicative of an increase in agonist efficacy. this effect was paralleled by a small decrease in ec50 values. in contrast, dtt produced a parallel displacement of the concentration-response curve to the ...	1987	2880626
avaii polymorphism in the human ldl receptor gene.		1987	2881256
involvement of cell envelope components in the pathogenesis of vibrio cholerae: targets for cholera vaccine development.	parenteral cholera vaccines have for some years been removed from the who recommendations. with a greater understanding of the immunology of gut infections has come the realization that oral vaccines are the most promising approach. there are several possible approaches: killed vaccines, attenuated vibrio cholerae and true recombinants in which v. cholerae protective antigens are introduced into suitable carrier strains. this latter approach has perhaps greater potential as a carrier strain can ...	1987	2885982
spontaneous oscillation of the systemic arterial pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass in man. the effects of some drugs used during the operation.	despite the fact that the blood flow maintained during cardiopulmonary bypass is rather steady in the extracorporeal pump output, the arterial pressure under high-dose fentanyl anaesthesia quite often shows sinusoidal oscillations. in the present study the duration of an oscillatory cycle was on average 17.6 +/- 3.6 s, its amplitude 7.3 +/- 1.6 mm hg and mean systemic arterial pressure 75 +/- 12 mm hg. the oscillation is affected by the drugs used under bypass conditions. in our series of clinic ...	1987	2886117
activation of a common effector system by different brain neurotransmitter receptors in xenopus oocytes.	xenopus oocytes possess 'native' muscarinic receptors, which give rise to oscillatory chloride currents; similar responses are elicited by activation of foreign receptors to serotonin, glutamate and noradrenaline, expressed in oocytes after injection of messenger rna from rat brain. when low concentrations of two agonists are applied together, the combined response is greater than would be expected from the sum of the responses to each agonist applied alone. potentiation of acetylcholine by sero ...	1987	2888117
mechanism of action of somatostatin in the hippocampal slice.		1987	2888131
immunoglobulin vh region genes of the mouse are organized in overlapping clusters.	restriction fragment length polymorphism has been compared between the igh loci of c57bl/6 and molf/ei (mus musculus molossinus) mice utilizing probes which detect the c gamma 2b gene and genes from nine vh-gene families. distinct restriction site patterns were found for the ch genes and for vh families pc7183, q52 and x24. vh families v31 and j558 showed identical patterns. mixed patterns of identical and distinct bands were detected in vh families s107, j606, v3660 and vgam3.8. this indicates ...	1987	2888660
a hypervariable repeated sequence on human chromosome 1p36.	when used to probe southern blots of taqi-digested dnas from unrelated individuals, p1-79, a 900 bp subclone of a random human cosmid, revealed at least 50 fragments, many of which were polymorphic. each of 27 unrelated individuals tested with p1-79 displayed a distinct band pattern. similar variation was seen with several other enzymes, including haeiii, mspi, psti and pvuii, whereas other enzymes yielded primarily large fragments of greater than 40 kb. in situ hybridization of p1-79 showed tha ...	1987	2888721
a hypervariable repeated sequence on human chromosome 1p36.	when used to probe southern blots of taqi-digested dnas from unrelated individuals, p1-79, a 900 bp subclone of a random human cosmid, revealed at least 50 fragments, many of which were polymorphic. each of 27 unrelated individuals tested with p1-79 displayed a distinct band pattern. similar variation was seen with several other enzymes, including haeiii, mspi, psti and pvuii, whereas other enzymes yielded primarily large fragments of greater than 40 kb. in situ hybridization of p1-79 showed tha ...	1987	2888721
antibiotic dependence in a strain of neisseria pharyngis.	a strain of neisseria pharyngis was isolated in pure culture from a specimen of sputum. growth was markedly enhanced by sub-lethal concentrations of rifampicin, spectinomycin, erythromycin and clindamycin. the effect was temporary with tetracycline. the possible mechanisms of this phenomenon are discussed.	1987	2888818
cytopathic effect of verotoxin on endothelial cells.		1987	2889952
the kidd (jk) blood group locus assigned to chromosome 18 by close linkage to a dna-rflp.	the close linkage between the psti-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) disclosed by the l2.7 genomic dna probe and the kidd blood group locus is described. the maximum lod score is +8.53 at recombination fraction theta = 0.03. the upper probability limit of the recombination fraction is theta 1 = 0.11. the l2.7 probe, previously assigned provisionally to chromosome 17, is by the present study assigned to chromosome 18. this also assigns the kidd blood group locus (jk) to chromosome 1 ...	1987	2890568
a unique t-cell line derived from an htlv-1-negative adult t-cell leukemia patient.	a unique t-cell line, designated atl-5t, was established from lymphoma cells in pericardial effusion of an adult t-cell leukemia (atl) patient not carrying htlv-1 provirus. the cell line is okt4 and/or leu3a+ and okt8 and/or leu2a+, but interleukin 2 receptor (il2r)- and htlv-1 provirus genome negative, and has cytogenetically abnormal karyotypes. the cell line contains rearranged t-cell receptor beta-chain gene, which was identical in rearrangement pattern to the t-cell receptor beta-chain gene ...	1987	2890613
autonomic nervous control of fundic secretion of somatostatin and antral secretion of gastrin and somatostatin in pigs.	by selective catheterization of gastric veins, we studied the secretion of gastrin and somatostatin from the antrum and of somatostatin from the gastric fundus-corpus region in anaesthetized pigs with or without acute adrenalectomy. the secretion was studied during electrical stimulation of the vagus nerves and the splanchnic nerves and simultaneous irrigation of gastric lumen with fluids of high, low, and neutral ph. the corpus-fundus somatostatin response to vagal stimulation was biphasic with ...	1987	2881824
effects of 5-hydroxy-propafenone in guinea-pig atrial fibres.	the effects of 5-hydroxy-propafenone (5-oh-p), an active metabolite of propafenone, were studied on isolated atrial muscle fibres obtained from non-treated guinea-pigs and from animals pretreated with 5-oh-p, 3 mg kg-1, for 28 days. in untreated atria 5-oh-p, 10(-8) m-10(-4) m, produced a dose-dependent decrease in amplitude and df/dtmax and reduced the amplitude of the slow contractions induced by isoprenaline and histamine in high k+ media. 5-oh-p also produced a dose-dependent decrease in atr ...	1987	2882804
effects of 5-hydroxy-propafenone in guinea-pig atrial fibres.	the effects of 5-hydroxy-propafenone (5-oh-p), an active metabolite of propafenone, were studied on isolated atrial muscle fibres obtained from non-treated guinea-pigs and from animals pretreated with 5-oh-p, 3 mg kg-1, for 28 days. in untreated atria 5-oh-p, 10(-8) m-10(-4) m, produced a dose-dependent decrease in amplitude and df/dtmax and reduced the amplitude of the slow contractions induced by isoprenaline and histamine in high k+ media. 5-oh-p also produced a dose-dependent decrease in atr ...	1987	2882804
bw a575c, a chemically novel agent with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and beta-adrenoceptor-blocking properties.	bw a575c (n-(1-(s)-carboxy-5-[4(3-isopropylamino-2-(r, s)-hydroxypropoxy)indole-2- carboxamido]pentyl)-(r, s)-alanyl-(s)-proline) is a chemically novel agent which exhibits in a single molecule both angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibition and beta-adrenoceptor-blocking properties. bw a575c produced a competitive blockade of heart rate responses to isoprenaline in a guinea-pig right atrial preparation (pkb 7.18 +/- 0.05, cf. pindolol 8.9 +/- 0.7). bw a575c inhibited a partially purified pr ...	1987	2882805
detection of 3-deoxy-2-octulosonic acid in thiobarbiturate-negative endotoxins.		1987	2882849
glutathione metabolizing enzyme activities in human thyroid.	glutathione peroxidases, glutathione transferase, glutathione reductase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities were analyzed in human thyroid tissues obtained from 17 patients undergoing resectional surgery because of a malignancy. it was deduced, from measurements of glutathione peroxidase activity with both h202 and cumene hydroperoxide, that thyroid contains only the selenium enzyme. the absence of selenium independent glutathione peroxidase activity in thyroid was confirmed with gel fi ...	1987	2883074
comparison of the effects of fe2+ and cu2+ on prostaglandin synthesis in rabbit kidney medulla slices.	the effects of fe2+ and cu2+ on the generation of medullary prostaglandins e2 and f2 alpha have been compared. fe2+ markedly promoted the lipid peroxidation of rabbit kidney medulla slices. the lipid peroxidation induced by fe2+ inhibited both prostaglandin e2 and prostaglandin f2 alpha formation to a similar extent. while cu2+ produced only a small increase in lipid peroxidation, it had a powerful inhibitory effect on prostaglandin e2 formation. simultaneously, prostaglandin f2 alpha production ...	1987	2883291
use of phoa gene fusions to identify a pilus colonization factor coordinately regulated with cholera toxin.	the transposon tnphoa was used to generate fusions between phoa, the gene for alkaline phosphatase (phoa), and genes encoding proteins that are secreted by vibrio cholerae. one of the phoa+ mutants isolated showed a dramatic reduction in its ability to colonize the intestines of suckling mice. this mutant no longer produced a 20.5-kda protein (tcpa) that we show is the major subunit of a v. cholerae pilus. amino-terminal sequence analysis of the tcpa pilus subunit showed that it shares amino aci ...	1987	2883655
a competitive receptor binding radioassay for beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic agents.	a rapid and sensitive competitive receptor binding assay for beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic binding for adrenergic agents has been developed. the steps that are critical for the success of the assay are given in detail so that the assay can be set up in any routine laboratory with relative ease. the rationale behind the use of specific reagents is discussed. the assay requires microgram quantities of test compound, a radiolabeled specific beta adrenergic antagonist [3h]dihydroalprenolol (dha), and ...	1987	2883662
polyester film as an advantageous tool for light and ultrastructural examination of single cells infected with viruses.	the use of marked transparent polyester film as a support of cell monolayer, smears or sections (cryostat or paraffin), makes possible to examine the same cell preselected in the light microscope by electron microscope (em). consequently, this technique enables to use histological or immunohistological investigations (using immunofluorescence or peroxidase (px) labelling) by light microscopy before examination in em. as example we used herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1-infected cells grown on th ...	1987	2883863
thiols in oxidative phosphorylation: thiols in the f0 of atp synthase essential for atpase activity.	it was shown previously that the atp synthase complex of bovine heart mitochondria contains an essential set of thiols or dithiols in its membrane sector (f0), whose modification by various reagents results in uncoupling [yagi, t., and hatefi, y. (1984) biochemistry 23, 2449-2455]. the sensitivity to modifiers was increased by membrane energization, and the uncoupling was reversed by membrane-permeable thiol compounds when modifiers other than alkylating agents were used to uncouple. the present ...	1987	2883930
safety and efficacy of a recombinant dna plasmodium falciparum sporozoite vaccine.	a recombinant dna plasmodium falciparum sporozoite vaccine produced in escherichia coli (fsv-1) was tested in doses of 10 micrograms to 800 micrograms protein in fifteen volunteers. no serious adverse reactions occurred. antibodies that reacted with p falciparum sporozoite antigens by enzyme-linked immunoassay developed in twelve of the volunteers. the highest antibody titres induced were similar to those resulting from lifelong natural exposure to sporozoite-infected mosquitoes. postimmunizatio ...	1987	2884410
antihypertensive, hemodynamic and autonomic profile of a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, sch 33844 (spirapril).	sch 33844 is a new, potent and long-acting inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ace). antihypertensive, hemodynamic and autonomic actions of sch 33844 were examined in the present series of experiments. oral administration of 0.3-30 mg/kg reduced blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats. the magnitude of the response was significantly enhanced by pretreatment of the animals with hydrochlorothiazide. blood pressure remained significantly depressed 24 hr following doses of 3 and 10 ...	1987	2884941
two distinct mechanisms for regulation of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in cultured rat hepatocytes by glucocorticoid-like steroids.	adult rat hepatocytes maintained in primary monolayer culture with defined medium were used to characterise two effects of glucocorticoid-like steroids in regulating gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (ggt). low concentrations of glucocorticoids alone had little effect on ggt but synergistically enhanced induction of the enzyme by liver tumor-promoting xenobiotics such as 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethane (ddt) and hexachlorocyclohexane. the enhancing effect appears to be mediated by the ...	1987	2885003
synthesis of p-nitrophenyl 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-alpha-d-glycero-d-galacto-2-nonulopyranosid onic acid, a chromogenic substrate for sialidases.		1987	2885090
molecular evolution and nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of cf1 (atpa) and the proteolipid subunit of cf0 (atph).	the nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of cf1 (atpa) and the proteolipid subunit of cf0 (atph) are presented. the evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution which are much lower than similar rates for genes from other sources. this is consistent with the notion that the plastid genome is evolving conservatively in primary sequence. yet, the mo ...	1987	2885245
effects of spiraprilic acid, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, on large artery compliance in anesthetized dogs.	the present study examined the actions of spiraprilic acid, a new non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor upon aortic compliance (ac) in anesthetized dogs. enalaprilic acid was examined for comparative purposes. ac was determined via sonomicrometric determination of the ratio of aortic systolic-diastolic diameter (mm) and arterial pulse pressure (mmhg). one ac unit (acu) equals 10(-3) mm/mmhg. in non-thiazide pretreated animals, spiraprilic acid (1 mg/kg i.v.), caused a sust ...	1987	2833190