Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| characterization of a replicating and packaged defective rna of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the beaudette strain of ibv was passaged 16 times in chick kidney cells. total cellular rna was analyzed by northern hybridization and was probed with 32p-labeled cdna probes corresponding to the first 2 kb of the 5' end of the genome, but excluding the leader, and to the last 1.8 kb of the 3' end of the genome. a new, defective ibv rna species (cd-91) was detected at passage 6. the defective rna, present in total cell extract rna and in oligo-(dt)30-selected rna from passage 15, was amplified b ... | 1994 | 8053152 |
| a 100-kilodalton polypeptide encoded by open reading frame (orf) 1b of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus is processed by orf 1a products. | the genome-length mrna (mrna 1) of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) contains two large open reading frames (orfs), 1a and 1b, with the potential to encode polypeptides of 441 and 300 kda, respectively. the downstream orf, orf 1b, is expressed by a ribosomal frameshifting mechanism. in an effort to detect viral polypeptides encoded by orf 1b in virus-infected cells, immunoprecipitations were carried out with a panel of region-specific antisera. a polypeptide of approximately 100 ... | 1994 | 8057459 |
| pseudoknot-dependent read-through of retroviral gag termination codons: importance of sequences in the spacer and loop 2. | retroviruses whose gag and pol genes are in the same reading frame depend upon approximately 5% read-through of the gag uag termination codon to make the gag-pol polyprotein. for murine leukemia virus, this read-through is dependent on a pseudoknot located eight nucleotides 3' of the uag. other retroviruses whose gag and pol genes are in the same frame can potentially form similar pseudoknots 3' of their uag codons. beyond the similar secondary structures, there is strong sequence conservation i ... | 1994 | 8076609 |
| coronavirus m proteins accumulate in the golgi complex beyond the site of virion budding. | the prevailing hypothesis is that the intracellular site of budding of coronaviruses is determined by the localization of its membrane protein m (previously called e1). we tested this by analyzing the site of budding of four different coronaviruses in relation to the intracellular localization of their m proteins. mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) grown in sac(-) cells, and feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) g ... | 1994 | 8083990 |
| measurement of antibody titer to fowl pox virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the usefulness of the measurement of antibody titer to fowl pox virus (fpv) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was evaluated in spf chickens with or without inoculation with fpv. the optimum concentration of purified antigen was 10 micrograms/ml of protein. the absorbance at 492 nm was less than 0.10 in the chickens negative to fpv from 1 to 63 days old. by contrast, a higher titer was detected in spf chickens with various fpvs inoculated into the wing web than in non-inoculated chicke ... | 1994 | 7696418 |
| avian infectious bronchitis: specific lachrymal iga level and resistance against challenge. | since circulating antibody titres against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) often correlate poorly with protection against re-infection, the lachrymal specific iga level of ibv vaccinated chickens was evaluated as an indicator of resistance against challenge. for this purpose, the post-vaccination (pv) ibv specific lachrymal iga response was monitored in 30 chickens at 3-day intervals until a rise of this specific isotype was detected. on day 19 pv, all birds (vaccinated group and non-vaccinated ... | 1994 | 7701859 |
| effects of modified-live infectious bronchitis virus vaccines on the head-associated lymphoid tissue (halt). | specific-pathogen-free (spf) leghorn chicks were inoculated with different modified-live infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines to determine if the vaccines interfered with immune competence of the head region. a total of 16 vaccines were evaluated comprising nine massachusetts, three arkansas, two holland, one florida, and one combination vaccine (containing both connecticut and massachusetts). chicks were vaccinated when they were 4 weeks, 2 weeks, or 1 day of age. when all chickens were 4 ... | 1994 | 7702519 |
| influence of site of inoculation of inactivated vaccines of the immune response in chickens. | commercial caged laying chickens were primed with live newcastle disease/infectious bronchitis (nd/ib) combined vaccines by spray method at 2, 5, and 9 weeks of age. at 16 weeks of age, birds were inoculated with inactivated nd/1b combined vaccines either intramuscularly, in the breast, wing, or thigh, or subcutaneously, at the back of the neck. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum antibodies to nd virus and ib virus in experimental chickens before injection and every 8 ... | 1994 | 7702520 |
| preliminary studies of primary ostrich fibroblasts for the isolation of ratite viruses. | an ostrich egg at 21 days of development was used to propagate primary embryo cell cultures. primary cultures of skeletal muscle cells (for fibroblasts) were prepared by routine typsinization techniques. the ostrich embryo fibroblasts were tested for their ability to propagate stock avian viruses of infectious bronchitis virus, paramyxiovirus-1 (pmv-1), pmv-2, pmv-3, infectious bursal disease virus, quail bronchitis virus, avian reovirus, turkey coronavirus, and two ostrich-originating specimens ... | 1994 | 7702522 |
| a simple method for immunofluorescence staining of tracheal organ cultures for the rapid identification of infectious bronchitis virus. | a method is described for the simple application of immunofluorescence (if) staining for the identification of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in tracheal organ cultures (toc). it involves the application of antiserum and fluorescent antiglobulin to unfixed toc. in toc inoculated with high titres of virus, specific fluorescence was observed in less than 24 h. if staining almost always occurred before ciliostasis. following experimental infection of chicks with ibv, virus could sometimes be det ... | 1994 | 18671114 |
| leukocyte subpopulations in kidney and trachea of chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus. | using immunohistochemical methods, we studied the nephropathogenicity of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv)-strain v1648- and the leukocyte phenotypes in the pathological lesions in the kidneys and the trachea formed after inoculation with this virus strain. one-day-old wla chickens were intravenously inoculated, and after 5, 7 and 11 days their kidneys, trachea and lungs were removed. monoclonal antibodies were used to detect viral antigen, and lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell populations. in ... | 1994 | 18671118 |
| vaccination of chickens against a belgian nephropathogenic strain of infectious bronchitis virus b1648 using attenuated homologous and heterologous strains. | white leghorn chicks without and with maternally derived antibodies (mda) to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and broiler chicks with mda were vaccinated at 1 day of age either with h120 vaccine, combined h120 and d274 vaccines or with a non-commercial attenuated strain derived from the virulent belgian nephropathogenic ibv strain, b1648. protection following challenge with virulent b1648 was assessed 4 weeks later by virus isolation from the trachea, antigen detection in the kidney by immunofl ... | 1994 | 18671130 |
| swollen head syndrome associated with e. coli and infectious bronchitis virus in the central valley of california. | a commercial broiler flock in the central valley of california experienced a sudden increase in mortality due to heavy culling. clinical signs included a snick, swollen heads and severe depression. necropsy and histology revealed tracheitis, rhinitis, facial cellulitis, blepharitis, episcleritis, otitis media and caseous exudate within the air spaces of cranial bones. escherichia coli serotype o78 was isolated from all lesions. infectious bronchitis virus (massachusetts serotype) was isolated fr ... | 1994 | 18671139 |
| differentiation of infectious bronchitis virus serotypes using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis were used to differentiate between serotypes of several infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains. a sequence of 1720 base pairs (bp) that contains the s1 glycoprotein gene of ibv was amplified by pcr, purified, and digested with restriction enzymes. eleven reference ibv strains were grouped according to the rflp patterns. the ibv holte, arkansas dpi, se 17, md 27, and iowa 97 strains could be differenti ... | 1993 | 8095782 |
| coronavirus immunogens. | coronaviruses (cv) infect a variety of livestock, poultry and companion animals. they belong to at least five antigenic groups. cv cause localized infections of the respiratory and/or intestinal tracts, with the exception of feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) and hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis (hev) which cause systemic infections. the enteropathogenic cv infect the villous enterocytes resulting in villous atrophy leading to malabsorptive diarrhea. several cv (bovine cv-bcv, porcine ... | 1993 | 8116187 |
| cellular response of the respiratory tract of chickens to infection with massachusetts 41 and australian t infectious bronchitis viruses. | cellular response of chickens to infection with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was investigated by lavage of the respiratory tract of five 2-week-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens at 2, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours postinfection (pi) with either massachusetts 41 (ibv-m41) or australian t (ibv-t) ibv. tissue response was monitored by microscopic examination of trachea and lung from five non-lavaged infected chickens collected at the same intervals. the total number of cells recovered by ... | 1993 | 8141754 |
| analysis of messenger rna within virions of ibv. | the presence of subgenomic mrnas (sgrnas) in virions of infectious bronchitis virus was examined by probing northern blots of rna extracted from virions using as a probe a cdna of the 3'-terminal nucleocapsid protein (n) gene. the sgrnas were readily detected even after extensive purification of virions and after rnase a treatment of virions. the molar ratio of grna to each sgrna was in the range 25 to 400 for ibv-m41 and 10 to 30 for ibv-beaudette. after comparison with the molar ratios of geno ... | 1993 | 8209718 |
| molecular mimicry between s peplomer proteins of coronaviruses (mhv, bcv, tgev and ibv) and fc receptor. | in previous studies we have demonstrated molecular mimicry between the s peplomer protein of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) and fc gamma receptor (fc gamma r) of igg. rabbit igg, but not its f(ab')2 fragments, monoclonal rat and mouse igg and the rat 2.4g2 anti-mouse fc gamma r monoclonal antibody (mab) immunoprecipitated natural and recombinant mhv s protein. on the basis of a number of criteria, mhv s peplomer protein exhibits fc igg binding ability. we report here a molecular mimicry between the ... | 1993 | 8209728 |
| n-acetylneuraminic acid plays a critical role for the haemagglutinating activity of avian infectious bronchitis virus and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was found to resemble avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in its interaction with erythrocytes. inactivation of the receptors on erythrocytes by neuraminidase treatment and restoration of receptors by reattaching n-acetylneuraminic acid (neu5ac) to cell surface components indicated that alpha 2,3-linked neu5ac serves as a receptor determinant for tgev as has been reported recently for ibv. similar to ibv, the haemagglutinating activity of tg ... | 1993 | 8209748 |
| characterization of ibv variant strain pl 84084 isolated in france. | 1993 | 8209760 | |
| structural proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus: role in immunity and protection. | the antigenicity of the s1, m and n proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus was compared following immunization of chickens with live and inactivated virus. the n protein was immunodominant antigen inducing cross-reactive antibodies in high titres whereas the s1 glycoprotein induced serotype-specific and cross-reactive antibodies. the m glycoprotein elicited antibodies in low titres and of limited cross-reactivity. immunization of chickens with the purified n and m proteins did not induce ... | 1993 | 8209767 |
| characterization of the human coronavirus 229e (hcv 229e) gene 1. | the sequence of the hcv 229e gene 1 has been determined and compared with the homologous sequences of the murine hepatitis virus and the avian infectious bronchitis virus. the coding sequence of gene 1 is 20,273 nucleotides in length. within this coding region are two large open reading frames, orf 1a (4,086 codons) and orf 1b (2,687 codons) which overlap by 40 nucleotides. in the overlapping region, the genomic rna can be folded into a pseudoknot structure, an element which is known to mediate ... | 1993 | 8209774 |
| [serologic monitoring of pullet and laying hen flocks in switzerland: results from the years 1990 and 1991]. | in 1990 and 1991 4522 blood samples from 398 pullet flocks and 1338 blood samples from 128 laying flocks were monitored for antibody against infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, adenovirus, reovirus, infectious bursal disease virus, newcastle disease virus, mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae. the results are discussed for pullets and laying hens. | 1993 | 8211056 |
| antibody detection in matched chicken sera and egg-yolk samples by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits for newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious bursal disease virus, and avian reovirus. | elisa kits have been used to detect antibody in egg yolk. the major advantage eggs offer over blood samples is the ability to collect samples without compromising flock biosecurity. a disadvantage to using egg yolk over sera concerns the method of preparing yolk for antibody testing. the technique used in this study involved a simple dilution method with no mixing or extraction. to determine the adequacy of yolk samples to replace serum samples, a serum sample and the first six eggs were obtaine ... | 1993 | 8257378 |
| dot-blot hybridization using digoxigenin-labeled cdna probe complementary to the s1 gene of avian infectious bronchitis virus permits discrimination between virus strains. | digoxigenin-dutp-labeled dna probe was prepared from a cdna clone complementary to the gene encoding s1 region of the spike protein of infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv) strain m41. the probe exclusively reacted with four strains at 56 degrees c which were grouped to the same serotype as the strain used for the probe. in contrast, at 68 degrees c, the probe reacted only with the homologous strain and did not react even with the strains belonging to the same serotype. the dot-blot hybridizat ... | 1993 | 8286524 |
| nucleotide sequence of the human coronavirus 229e rna polymerase locus. | the nucleotide sequence of the human coronavirus 229e (hcv 229e) rna polymerase gene and the 5' region of the genome has been determined. the polymerase gene is comprised of two large open reading frames, orf1a and orf1b, that contain 4086 and 2687 codons, respectively. orf1b overlaps orf1a by 43 bases in the (-1) reading frame. the in vitro translation of sp6 transcripts which include hcv 229e sequences encompassing the orf1a/orf1b junction show that expression of orf1b can be mediated by ribos ... | 1993 | 8337838 |
| evidence of natural recombination within the s1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus. | during an outbreak of severe respiratory disease, a field strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), pp14, was isolated from a bird in a texas flock that had been previously vaccinated with an attenuated mass serotype virus. after cloning and sequencing the s1 gene from several ibv strains, it was found that the 5' end of the cdna was 96% identical to the published sequences of mass41 and 77% identical with ark99. the following 402 bases which included the hypervariable regions (hvr) of the s1 ... | 1993 | 8380672 |
| polymerase chain reaction and a biotin-labeled dna probe for detection of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and a biotin-labeled dna probe were used to amplify and detect the genome of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) from tracheal swabs taken from chickens that were experimentally inoculated with the ibv beaudette, arkansas, and gray strains. the viral genome was successfully detected by pcr and confirmed by dot-hybridization assay using a biotin-labeled dna probe on days 1, 3, 9, and 14 after exposure. direct electron microscopy (em) analysis was used to compare the ... | 1993 | 8383958 |
| a monoclonal antibody blocking elisa to detect serotype-specific infectious bronchitis virus antibodies. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (b-elisa) was developed and compared to a conventional indirect elisa (i-elisa) and a virus-neutralization (vn) test for detection of specific antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) serotypes. sera used in this study were derived from chickens experimentally inoculated with the three most prevalent ibv serotypes, arkansas (ark), connecticut (conn), and massachusetts (mass). overall, there was good correlation b ... | 1993 | 8384739 |
| analysis of a hypervariable region in the 3' non-coding end of the infectious bronchitis virus genome. | previous studies on infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) cdna have identified a region of about 184 bases in the 3' non-coding terminus of both the u.s. prototype strain (beaudette) and a japanese strain (kb8523), that was not present in an antigenically closely related u.s. strain, massachusetts (mass) 41 (boursnell et al., 1985; sutou et al., 1988). in order to investigate the origin and function of this region and its occurrence in nature, the cdna sequences of the 3' non-coding regions of three ... | 1993 | 8388141 |
| chemiluminescent detection of infectious bursal disease virus with a pcr-generated nonradiolabeled probe. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-generated digoxigenin-labeled nonradioactive oligonucleotide probe was developed and utilized in slot-blot hybridization coupled with chemiluminescence for the detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the probe was prepared from the rna of the standard challenge strain (stc) of ibdv serotype 1 by reverse transcription followed by 2 pcr amplifications with 2 separate sets of primers. rna of stc viruses prepared from bursae infected with stc viruses wa ... | 1993 | 8389597 |
| oligonucleotide probes in infectious bronchitis virus diagnosis and strain identification. | genomic rna fingerprints of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains m41 and conn46 were prepared to identify t1 rnase-resistant oligonucleotides 'unique' to each of the two ibv strains. such oligonucleotides were subsequently eluted from the gels and their nucleotide sequences determined. when oligonucleotide probes of those sequences were synthesized and used in a dot-blot hybridization assay, the probes lacked ibv strain-specificity and reacted with the rnas of homologous as well as heterolo ... | 1993 | 8390475 |
| sequence analysis of strains of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus isolated during the 1960s in the u.k. | sequencing of parts of the spike, small membrane, and integral membrane protein genes of english isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolated in the 1960s revealed that they were not the direct ancestors of those isolated in the 1980s. | 1993 | 8390829 |
| presence of subgenomic mrnas in virions of coronavirus ibv. | the presence of subgenomic mrnas in virions of ibv was examined by probing northern blots of rna extracted from virions using as a probe a cdna of the 3'-terminal nucleocapsid protein (n) gene. this detects all five mrnas because of the 3'-coterminal, nested-set arrangement of coronavirus mrnas. the mrnas were readily detected even after extensive purification of virions and after rnase a treatment of virions. in sucrose gradients the peaks of virus particles, genomic rna (grna), and mrnas were ... | 1993 | 8395112 |
| retention of a cis golgi protein requires polar residues on one face of a predicted alpha-helix in the transmembrane domain. | the first membrane-spanning domain (m1) of the model cis golgi protein m (formerly called e1) from the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus is required for targeting to the golgi complex. when inserted in place of the membrane-spanning domain of a plasma membrane protein (vesicular stomatitis virus g protein), the chimeric protein ("gm1") is retained in the golgi complex of transfected cells. to determine the precise features of the m1 domain responsible for golgi targeting, we produced ... | 1993 | 8400455 |
| ribosomal pausing during translation of an rna pseudoknot. | the genomic rna of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus contains an efficient ribosomal frameshift signal which comprises a heptanucleotide slippery sequence followed by an rna pseudoknot structure. the presence of the pseudoknot is essential for high-efficiency frameshifting, and it has been suggested that its function may be to slow or stall the ribosome in the vicinity of the slippery sequence. to test this possibility, we have studied translational elongation in vitro on mrnas enginee ... | 1993 | 8413285 |
| epitopes on the spike protein of a nephropathogenic strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), the first coronavirus described, was initially associated with severe respiratory disease. however, outbreaks have more recently also been associated with nephropathogenesis. topographically interrelated antigenic determinants of the nephropathogenic gray strain of ibv were characterized using eleven monoclonal antibodies (mabs). four mabs (igg 2a kappa) defined epitopes that were both conformation-independent and group specific, reacting with gray, arkansas (a ... | 1993 | 7504916 |
| a monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for identification of infectious bronchitis virus serotypes. | an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa) was developed for detection and identification of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) serotypes arkansas, connecticut, and massachusetts using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to the s1 glycoprotein of the respective serotype. the assay (designed as a double-antibody sandwich assay) gave the best results when the s1-specific mab, antigen, and chicken serum were of the same serotype. however, when a group-specific (m glycoprotein-s ... | 1993 | 18671040 |
| challenge experiments to evaluate cross-protection induced at the trachea and kidney level by vaccine strains and belgian nephropathogenic isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | intravenous and aerosol challenge experiments were conducted to evaluate tracheal and renal cross-protection in chickens immunized either with infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strains or with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (nibv)-isolates. intravenous challenge was carried out with four belgian nibv-isolates and with the italian nibv-strain az23.74. virus titrations of tracheas collected at different times after aerosol challenge with the belgian reference nibv-strain b1648 demo ... | 1993 | 18671042 |
| bovine coronavirus spike glycoprotein: localization of an immunodominant region at the amino-terminal end of s2. | we have identified the binding site of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the s2 subunit of the bovine coronavirus spike (s) glycoprotein. the location of this site was first investigated by using prokaryotic expression of dna restriction fragments covering the entire s gene. the amino acid sequence containing the antibody binding site was shortened from 70 to 20 amino acids by digestion of plasmid dna with exonuclease iii, followed by sequencing of the smallest digestion product encoding an i ... | 1992 | 1281870 |
| identification of two new polypeptides encoded by mrna5 of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the second smallest subgenomic messenger rna, mrna5, of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus includes in its "5' unique region" two separate open reading frames (5a and 5b), whose coding function has not so far been established, and thus it may represent a dicistronic messenger rna. we report here that two polypeptides with the sizes expected for the 5a and 5b products can be synthesised by in vitro translation of a single artificial mrna containing both the 5a and 5b orfs. to establish w ... | 1992 | 1309280 |
| coronavirus ibv-induced membrane fusion occurs at near-neutral ph. | the lysosomotropic agent nh4cl caused a reduction of 80-95% in the number of chick kidney (ck) cells and vero cells infected by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain beaudette, as determined by immunofluorescence at the end of the first replication cycle. inhibition only occurred when nh4cl was present during the first 2 h after infection. syncytium formation was studied during replication of ibv-beaudette in vero cells. some cell-cell fusion occurred at ph 7.0 and ph 6.5 but it was optimal a ... | 1992 | 1309994 |
| epithelia-damaging virus infections affect vitamin a status in chickens. | the effect of infection with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and reovirus (rv) on vitamin a status was investigated in chickens with a normal or marginal intake of vitamin a. at the age of 4 wk, chickens were infected with either ibv or rv, primarily affecting the respiratory or intestinal tract, respectively. both viruses lowered plasma retinol levels significantly. the effect was more pronounced in chickens fed a diet marginally deficient in vitamin a than in those fed a diet adequate in vit ... | 1992 | 1310111 |
| rapid detection and identification of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | a rapid and sensitive method for the detection and unambiguous typing of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is described. rna was isolated from ibv-infected allantoic fluid and was transcribed into cdna. this cdna was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. the polymerase chain reaction products were subsequently analyzed on an agarose gel. the presence of ibv-specific rna in the allantoic fluid then allowed the amplification of a 438-bp dna fragment from the nucleocapsid (n) gene. for the ty ... | 1992 | 1310335 |
| induction of anti-viral immune responses by immunization with recombinant-dna encoded avian coronavirus nucleocapsid protein. | immune responses to the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) nucleocapsid protein were studied using a recombinant-dna expression product. in mice, a lymphocyte proliferative response and a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to ibv were induced upon immunization with this nucleocapsid protein. next, we studied the role of the expressed nucleocapsid protein in induction of a protective immune response to ibv in chickens. chickens were primed with nucleocapsid protein and subsequently boosted wit ... | 1992 | 1311490 |
| antigen dependent adjuvant activity of a polydispersed beta-(1,4)-linked acetylated mannan (acemannan). | the adjuvant properties of a polydispersed beta-(1,4)-linked acetylated mannan, acemannan (ace-m), were evaluated. day-old broiler chicks were randomly selected and allocated to four flocks (vac 1-4). the vac 1 flock was sham vaccinated with saline. the vac 2 flock was vaccinated with an oil-based vaccine (breedervac iii; newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and infectious bronchitis virus). the vac 3 flock was vaccinated with a vaccine-ace-m mixture, and the vac ... | 1992 | 1320308 |
| molecular detection of infectious bursal disease virus by polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was applied to the detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). reverse transcription followed by the pcr was used to amplify a portion of ibdv genome. a set of primers that specify a 150-base-pair segment of ibdv genome was chosen from an australian strain of ibdv. standard challenge strain and variant strains a, d, e, g, and gls-5 of ibdv serotype 1 and oh strain of serotype 2 from infected bursae were subjected to reverse transcription, fo ... | 1992 | 1320861 |
| relationship of common avian pathogen antibody titers in so-called chicken anemia agent (caa)-antibody-positive chicks to titers in caa-antibody-negative chicks. | antibody titers for infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus, and reovirus from chicks with chicken anemia agent (caa) antibodies were compared with antibody titers from their caa-antibody-negative counterparts. these comparisons were made in 396 chickens that were 1 day, 2 weeks, 8-9 weeks, 10 weeks, 17 weeks, or 29-32 weeks old. only one serum sample was collected from any given chick or chicken. there were no significant differences between ... | 1992 | 1320864 |
| infectious bronchitis virus detection in allantoic fluid using the polymerase chain reaction and a dna probe. | a rapid extraction procedure was developed to purify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) rna from the allantoic fluid of inoculated embryonating eggs. reverse transcription of viral rna and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were used to amplify the viral genome from eight different strains of ibv comprising five different serotypes. a biotinylated dna probe, prepared to a sequence within the pcr amplification product of the beaudette strain of ibv, was used in a dot-hybridization assay; it detec ... | 1992 | 1320869 |
| [detection of antibodies to infectious bronchitis of fowl using the elisa, hemagglutination-inhibition test and agar-gel precipitation test]. | chicks of a conventional poultry flock, shaver starcross 288 hybrid, were vaccinated with infectious bronchitis (ib) virus h 120 at the age of 21 days. three weeks later, the chicks were divided into three groups and separate groups were infected with infectious bronchitis viruses m 41 and d 274 or revaccinated with virus h 120. the content of specific antibodies to antigens prepared from homologous and heterologous viruses of infectious bronchitis used for chick vaccination and infection was in ... | 1992 | 1322578 |
| a 'new' strain of infectious bronchitis virus infecting domestic fowl in great britain. | 1992 | 1322579 | |
| neuraminidase treatment of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus reveals a hemagglutinating activity that is dependent on sialic acid-containing receptors on erythrocytes. | the interaction of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) with erythrocytes was analyzed. the binding activity of ibv was not sufficient to agglutinate chicken erythrocytes. however, it acquired hemagglutinating activity after treatment with neuraminidase to remove alpha 2,3-linked n-acetylneuraminic acid from the surface of the virion. pretreatment of erythrocytes with neuraminidase rendered the cells resistant to agglutination by ibv. susceptibility to agglutination was restored by resialylation of ... | 1992 | 1322604 |
| the effect of mixed live vaccines of newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis on the chicken respiratory tract. | the effect of mixed live vaccines of newcastle disease (nd) and infectious bronchitis (ib) on specific pathogen-free chickens aged 7 days was investigated. the chickens were inoculated intranasally with mixed live vaccines with and without escherichia coli, or with e. coli alone. "vaccine 1" consisted of nd virus strain b1 and ib virus strain on; "vaccine 2" consisted of nd virus strain b1 and ib virus strain h120. the tracheas of chickens inoculated with the vaccines and e. coli and with the va ... | 1992 | 1322945 |
| recent studies on the enterotropic strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis (aib) is an economically important disease of chickens. recent studies have revealed enterotropism by at least one strain of aib virus with pathological lesions in parts of the gut. this review highlights the findings of the studies so far made on this enterotropic strain of aib virus. | 1992 | 1323167 |
| comparative analyses of the nucleocapsid genes of several strains of infectious bronchitis virus and other coronaviruses. | the natural sequence variations of the nucleocapsid genes of the gray, arkansas99 (ark99), and holland52 (holl52) strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were determined. these were compared with previously published sequencing data of other ibv strains, as well as other coronaviruses, in order to correlate the serological and evolutionary relationship of coronaviruses. ibv nucleotide sequence alignment shows that overall the sequences are highly conserved, with homologies from 91.1 to 96.5 ... | 1992 | 1332275 |
| characterisation of an infectious bronchitis virus isolated from vaccinated broiler breeder flocks. | four apparently serologically closely related isolates of infectious bronchitis virus were obtained from two flocks of vaccinated broiler breeders, one mile apart, which were experiencing increased mortality and decreases in egg production. the isolates were serologically distinct from isolates previously described and capable of causing characteristic infectious bronchitis-like respiratory infection in young chicks. in one experiment, the h120 vaccine strain of the virus did not protect the tra ... | 1992 | 1334296 |
| escherichia coli multiplication and lesions in the respiratory tract of chickens inoculated with infectious bronchitis virus and/or e. coli. | escherichia coli numbers and histopathological changes were studied in the respiratory tract of line 151 chickens intranasally inoculated with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and/or virulent e. coli; this line is highly susceptible to ibv. chickens inoculated with ibv alone showed increased numbers of e. coli in the trachea and had tracheitis, airsacculitis, and bronchiolitis. one of 17 chickens inoculated with ibv alone died with fibrinopurulent serositis. chickens inoculated with ibv and e. ... | 1992 | 1336661 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to three infectious bronchitis virus serotypes. | three panels of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against the spike (s) proteins of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains arkansas 99, connecticut 46, and massachusetts 41. based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the mabs were grouped into three categories: 1) group-specific, which reacted with a broad spectrum of homologous and heterologous ibv serotypes; 2) serotype-specific, which reacted only with strains of the homologous serotype; and 3) strain-specific, which reac ... | 1992 | 1336663 |
| comparison of different computational methods for measuring antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus in single serum dilution. | twenty-eight one-day-old chickens with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) maternal antibodies were immunized with strain h120 (bronchovac-i, phylaxia) in spray form. the chickens were kept in an isolator. on day 42 and 56 the chickens were immunized with ibv strain m41 (10(3.0)eid50/0.1 ml). serum antibody titres were measured by both serial dilution and single dilution elisa on day 42, 56 and 76. "twice negative average" (tna), "sample to positive" (sp) and "subtraction method" (sm) titres were ... | 1992 | 1339061 |
| location of antigenic sites defined by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies on the s1 avian infectious bronchitis virus glycopolypeptide. | neutralizing monoclonal antibodies directed against five antigenic sites on the spike (s) s1 glycopolypeptide of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were used to select neutralization-resistant variants of the virus. by comparing the nucleotide sequence of such variants with the sequence of the ibv parent strain, we located five antigenic sites on the amino acid sequence of the s1 glycopolypeptide. the variants had mutations within three regions corresponding to amino acid residues 24 to 61, ... | 1992 | 1372036 |
| a procedure for rna pseudoknot prediction. | the rna pseudoknot has been proposed as a significant structural motif in a wide range of biological processes of rnas. a pseudoknot involves intramolecular pairing of bases in a hairpin loop with bases outside the stem of the loop to form a second stem and loop region. in this study, we propose a method for searching and predicting pseudoknots that are likely to have functional meaning. in our procedure, the orthodox hairpin structure involved in the pseudoknot is required to be both statistica ... | 1992 | 1378773 |
| analysis of a 9.6 kb sequence from the 3' end of canine coronavirus genomic rna. | we have analysed the organization of the 3' end of the genomic rna of canine coronavirus (ccv), a virus which has a close antigenic relationship to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv). genomic rna isolated from ccv strain insavc-1-infected a72 cells was used to generate a cdna library. overlapping clones, spanning approximately 9.6 kb [from the 3' end of the polymerase gene, 1b, to the poly(a) tail] wer ... | 1992 | 1431811 |
| internal entry of ribosomes on a tricistronic mrna encoded by infectious bronchitis virus. | mrna3 specified by the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus appears to be functionally tricistronic, having the capacity to encode three small proteins (3a, 3b, and 3c) from separate open reading frames (orfs). the mechanism by which this can occur was investigated through in vitro translation studies using synthetic mrnas containing the 3a, 3b, and 3c orfs, and the results suggest that translation of the most distal of the three orfs, that for 3c, is mediated by an unconventional, cap-indepe ... | 1992 | 1527853 |
| location of the amino acid differences in the s1 spike glycoprotein subunit of closely related serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus. | four uk strains of three different serotypes were found to differ by only 2-3% of their s1 amino acids. the s1 sequences were also very similar to those of three dutch isolates (d207, d274 and d3896), the greatest difference between two of the seven isolates being 4.4%. the few amino acid differences between the seven isolates were located largely between residues 19-122 and 251-347 of the mature s1 subunit. the seven isolates could be differentiated using 16 monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-l ... | 1992 | 18670913 |
| infectious bronchitis virus: evidence for recombination within the massachusetts serotype. | the spike (s) glycoprotein gene (which encodes two subunits, s1 and s2), the membrane (m) glycoprotein gene and the gene which encodes the products of gene 3 are situated in the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genome in the order s1-s2-3-m. the s1 gene of four isolates of the massachusetts (mass) serotype, isolated between 1970 and 1984, each differed by only 2 to 3% from that of older mass serotype isolates, including m41 and h120. similarly, sequencing of the end of gene 3 and the beginning ... | 1992 | 18670955 |
| ascorbic acid and infectious bronchitis infections in broilers. | the effect of supplementing the feed of broiler chicks with different levels of ascorbic acid on the resistance against infectious bronchitis virus was investigated. resistance was measured by the severity of tracheal lesions and the development of airsacculitis after challenge. the effect of ascorbic acid was dose dependent. addition of 300 to 330 ppm ascorbic acid to the feed gave the best results. high concentrations (>600 ppm) had a less beneficial effect. | 1992 | 18670976 |
| the secretory antibody response of inbred lines of chicken to avian infectious bronchitis virus infection. | two-week-old chicks of a line highly resistant (line c) or highly susceptible (line 151) to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were inoculated with the massachusetts-41 strain of ibv. tracheal washings, saliva, lachrymal fluid and serum were collected at intervals after inoculation and titrated for their antibody content using neutralization tests and elisas. there was no marked difference in antibody concentrations in tracheal washings of the two lines, nor in neutralizing antibody or ibv-specif ... | 1992 | 18670987 |
| x-ray microanalytical investigation of the response of chicken proximal tubule cells to infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the technique for x-ray microanalysis of frozen-hydrated bulk specimens was used to determine the intracellular and luminal fluid electrolyte concentrations in the proximal tubules of kidneys from chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus. eight days post-infection with this virus there were significant changes in the electrolyte composition when compared with values from normal control chickens. the intracellular sodium decreased from 43 to 36 mmol/l, the chloride fell from 41 to 31 mm ... | 1991 | 1645225 |
| effect of in ovo bursectomy on the course of an infectious bronchitis virus infection in line c white leghorn chickens. | white leghorn line c chicks were surgically bursectomised (bx) in ovo to eliminate antibody production. after inoculation with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) at 14 days after hatching, bx chicks experienced a more severe and longer lasting infection than intact chicks. the severity and duration of clinical infection in the bx chicks resembled that previously observed in the highly susceptible line 15i chicks, however no increase in mortality was observed, in contrast to the high levels of mor ... | 1991 | 1648896 |
| variability in a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. i. assay variability. | three experiments were conducted to characterize the variation in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kits for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). expt. 1 was carried out to determine the variation in assay results when the same pools of low-, medium-, and high-titered serum were assayed. significant variation occurred among separate lots and among test plates within the same lots for the ibv and ibdv assays. in most cases, variability between days ... | 1991 | 1649588 |
| variability in a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. ii. laboratory variability. | an experiment was conducted to determine the amount of variability that occurred in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays when samples from common serum pools were assayed in five different labs on three consecutive days. low- (approximately 1:2000), medium- (approximately 1:4000), and high-titered (approximately 1:8000) serum pools were distributed to five poultry industry laboratories that cooperated in the study. results varied significantly among different laboratories and among different days ... | 1991 | 1649589 |
| effects of an arkansas strain of infectious bronchitis vaccine on the head-associated lymphoid tissue (halt). | chicks were vaccinated with an arkansas strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine when they were 1 day (trial 1) or 4 weeks old (trial 2). starting at 4 weeks 3 days of age, chicks in both trials were subjected to an assay that measures the immunofunctional response of the gland of harder (gh), one of the components of the head-associated lymphoid tissue (halt). the assay involved multiple ocular exposures to killed brucella abortus antigen, after which tears were collected and titered ... | 1991 | 1649590 |
| viral pathogenesis of a nephrotropic infectious bronchitis virus isolated from commercial pullets. | infectious bronchitis was diagnosed in 3-to-4-week-old pullets from an outbreak in a commercial flock in california. the disease was characterized by head swelling, watery discharge from the eyes and nostrils, and urates in kidneys. mortality ranged from 1.8% to 12.5% per week. the isolation of a coronavirus from a suspension of pooled kidneys from clinically ill chickens at the fifth passage in 10-day-old chicken embryos, gross and histologic renal lesions, and seroconversion by enzyme-linked i ... | 1991 | 1649594 |
| a polycistronic mrna specified by the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the third largest of the nested set of subgenomic mrnas (mrna3) from the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) contains three separate open reading frames (3a, 3b, and 3c) which are not present on the next smallest of the mrnas, suggesting that this mrna may be functionally polycistronic. however, although a protein product has been identified from the 3c open reading frame, to date the coding function of 3a and 3b has not been established. we present nucleotide sequence data suggesting ... | 1991 | 1653486 |
| efficacy of australian vaccines against recent isolates of avian infectious bronchitis viruses. | 1991 | 1653564 | |
| a golgi retention signal in a membrane-spanning domain of coronavirus e1 protein. | the e1 glycoprotein from an avian coronavirus is a model protein for studying retention in the golgi complex. in animal cells expressing the protein from cdna, the e1 protein is targeted to cis golgi cisternae (machamer, c. e., s. a. mentone, j. k. rose, and m. g. farquhar. 1990. proc. natl. acad. sci. usa. 87:6944-6948). we show that the first of the three membrane-spanning domains of the e1 protein can retain two different plasma membrane proteins in the golgi region of transfected cells. both ... | 1991 | 1655802 |
| safety and efficacy of the cell-associated vaccine prepared by an attenuated infectious laryngotracheitis virus. | the safety and efficacy of the cell-associated (c-a) vaccine prepared by chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells infected with the tissue-culture-modified strain of infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt) virus were studied in chickens. over seventy percent of chickens inoculated with the c-a vaccine by the subcutaneous (s.c.) or intramuscular (i.m.) route at 1 day of age was protected against challenge with a virulent strain of ilt virus without any clinical signs. chickens vaccinated with the c-a vac ... | 1991 | 1657213 |
| protein pi alteration related to strain variation of infectious bronchitis virus, an avian coronavirus. | viral proteins of two strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which have different tissue trophism and serology, were separated on the basis of their isoelectric points (pi). the viruses have four structural proteins; the protein of greatest serological importance is found at the peplomer tip. the viral structural proteins separated by isoelectric focusing were identified by comparison to sds-page separations. three protein bands were identical in pi and one protein band showed a differenc ... | 1991 | 1658026 |
| igm responses in chicken serum to live and inactivated infectious bronchitis virus vaccines. | intramuscular (i.m.) administration of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) oil-emulsion vaccine (oev) to ibv-primed or unprimed chickens resulted in the production of zero or minimal concentrations of ibv-specific igm in the serum, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of gel chromatography fractions. live-attenuated infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccine given i.m. or by eyedrop stimulated the production of ibv-specific igm in similar amounts following inoculation by both routes. these lev ... | 1991 | 1659365 |
| immunization of day-old chicks having maternally derived antibodies against infectious bronchitis: degree of protection as monitored by ciliary activity after intratracheal challenge. | one-day-old chicks with maternally derived antibodies were vaccinated against infectious bronchitis (ib) with 3000 eid50 of the ib vaccine virus designated h120. the degree of protection induced by intranasal-eye drop (ie) vaccination was compared to that achieved by spray (s) vaccination. the protection afforded by vaccination was monitored by intratracheal challenge with ibv strain m-41 (clinical signs, ciliary activity in tracheal explants, virus isolation) and by serological tests (ovoneutra ... | 1991 | 1661062 |
| cross-protection studies with vaccine strain h-120 of infectious bronchitis virus using ciliary activity. | forty 3-day-old chickens were immunized intratracheally and another 40 intranasally-intraocularly with vaccine strain h-120 of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the chickens were divided into groups of five and each group was challenged intratracheally or intranasally-intraocularly with one of 8 different heterologous strains of ibv 4 weeks after vaccination. the vaccinated chickens were protected against challenge with three heterologous strains (massachusetts m41, b and aeg), showing 89, 86 a ... | 1991 | 1661063 |
| action spectrum of antiviral factor from chicken sera. | rous sarcoma virus infections of regressor line chickens stimulate the transient production of antiviral factors in the serum. earlier the present authors reported that a viral neutralization factor (vnf) inactivated rous sarcoma virus during a 3-h incubation. the vnf is likely to have a broad antiviral and antimicrobial spectrum because it is active against several unrelated pathogenic poultry viruses. the present study measured the activity of vnf against newcastle disease virus, infectious bu ... | 1991 | 1664518 |
| effects of trypsin and sodium tauroglycocholate on an enterotropic variant of ib virus. | 1991 | 1664553 | |
| attenuation of avian infectious bronchitis virus by cold-adaptation. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) arkansas-type dpi strain was passaged 10 times in specific-pathogen-free (spf) chicken embryos incubated at 28 c and 37 c. virus grown at 28 c acquired cold-adapted (ca) and temperature-sensitive (ts) characteristics based on more-rapid growth at 28 c and a reduced ability to grown at 41 c, respectively, compared with non-cold-adapted (non-ca) virus grown at 37 c. the pathogenicity and immunogenicity were determined for ca and non-ca ibv in 1-day-old spf c ... | 1991 | 1664720 |
| serological response in broiler chicks to different commercial newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis vaccines. | broiler chicks were administered vaccines against newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis (both arkansas and massachusetts strains) at 2 weeks of age as either primary or secondary vaccinations. the vaccine was administered as a spray at 2 weeks of age to chicks that had received newcastle disease vaccine alone, bronchitis vaccine alone, both vaccines in combination, or no vaccine at day 1 in the hatchery. the newcastle disease hemagglutination-inhibition response was significantly lower in ... | 1991 | 1664724 |
| the effects of oestrogen and progesterone on re-excretion of infectious bronchitis virus strain g (correction of straing) in spf chickens. | the effects of oestrogen and progesterone on the re-excretion of ib virus strain g in chickens infected at day-old was evaluated in this study. following infection of the chickens at day-old, the birds were swabbed regularly from the trachea and cloaca until no more virus was isolated from either site. between 10 and 14 weeks of age oestrogen and progesterone were administered by intramuscular injection to infected or control chickens. an infected but non-hormone injected group was maintained. a ... | 1991 | 1666637 |
| pathobiology of cryptosporidiosis (c. baileyi) in broiler chickens. | pathologic and clinicopathologic changes were examined in broiler chickens inoculated with cryptosporidium baileyi (cb) alone or in combination with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) or escherichia coli (ec). concurrent infections with cb and either ibv or ec resulted in a greater respiratory inflammatory response than either agent given alone. concurrent cb, ibv or ec infections resulted in a decreased density of respiratory cryptosporidial stages. no int ... | 1991 | 1667932 |
| a new typing method for the avian infectious bronchitis virus using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism. | two primers with the length of 22 bases each and 400 bases apart on the spike protein gene of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were prepared. using these primers, the genome rna from twelve strains of the various serotypes were reverse-transcribed to cdna and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). with all strains, 400 base dna was amplified, indicating that there were no apparent insertions or deletions in this region. however, the amplified dna showed different cleavage patterns ... | 1991 | 1672064 |
| typing of recent infectious bronchitis virus isolates causing nephritis in chicken. | 1991 | 1681795 | |
| localization of a t-cell epitope within the nucleocapsid protein of avian coronavirus. | in a previous study, two murine t-cell hybridomas generated after immunization with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were shown to be responsive to the internally localized viral nucleocapsid protein. in the present study, the antigenic determinants were mapped using recombinant expression products and synthetic peptides. both hybridomas recognized the region spanning amino acid residues 71 to 78 of the nucleocapsid protein. the experimentally determined epitope corresponded with predicted moti ... | 1991 | 1718856 |
| monoclonal antibodies to three structural proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus: characterization of epitopes and antigenic differentiation of australian strains. | ten monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against three structural proteins of infectious bronchitis viruses (ibv), the peplomer (s), membrane (m) and nucleocapsid (n) proteins, were characterized and used to determine the antigenic relationship between australian ibv strains. one mab (mab 5) was directed against an epitope on the s1 subunit of the peplomer, another (mab 2) against an epitope on the m glycoprotein and eight mabs (mabs 1, 7, 9, 16, 24, 26, 27 and 51) were directed against seven n ... | 1991 | 1722501 |
| the complete sequence (22 kilobases) of murine coronavirus gene 1 encoding the putative proteases and rna polymerase. | the 5'-most gene, gene 1, of the genome of murine coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), is presumed to encode the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase. we have determined the complete sequence of this gene of the jhm strain by cdna cloning and sequencing. the total length of this gene is 21,798 nucleotides long, which includes two overlapping, large open reading frames. the first open reading frame, orf 1a, is 4488 amino acids long. the second open reading frame, orf 1b, overlaps orf 1a for 75 ... | 1991 | 1846489 |
| mhc class ii-restricted t-cell hybridomas recognizing the nucleocapsid protein of avian coronavirus ibv. | mice were immunized with purified infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), strain m41. spleen cells, expanded in vitro by stimulation with m41, were immortalized by fusion to obtain t-cell hybridomas, and two major histocompatability complex (mhc) class ii (i-e)-restricted t-cell hybridomas were selected with specificity for ibv. both hybridomas selectively recognized the internal nucleocapsid protein. the responses to 12 different strains of ibv varied markedly. this demonstrates antigenic variation ... | 1991 | 1847691 |
| efficacy of coarse-spray administration of a reovirus vaccine in young chickens. | coarse-spray (cs) administration of a commercial s1133 reovirus vaccine in chickens for prevention of clinical viral tenosynovitis (vt) infection was evaluated. in expt. 1, one-day-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) white leghorns were vaccinated with a combination of reovirus, newcastle disease (nd), and infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccines by cs and infectious bursal disease vaccine by the subcutaneous (sq) route. in expt. 2, one-day-old commercial broilers were vaccinated by cs with reovirus vac ... | 1991 | 1851416 |
| polymerase chain reaction amplification of the genome of infectious bronchitis virus. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify a portion of the genome of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). two synthetic primers that annealed to segments of the ibv genome in the matrix and nucleocapsid genes facilitated pcr amplification of a 1020-base sequence. amplification was successful using template dna from an ibv sequence-containing plasmid and using copy dna created by reverse transcription of ibv genomic rna. the pcr product was the expected size and had the expected nucle ... | 1991 | 1851417 |
| variant serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from commercial layer and broiler chickens. | twenty infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) field isolates obtained from commercial layer and broiler chickens in 1987 and 1988 were serotyped using the virus-neutralization (vn) test. six different previously unrecognized variant serotypes were identified from a total of seven isolates from layer chickens. only two isolates, both from maine, were the same variant serotype. variant serotypes also were recovered from layer flocks in illinois and washington and the province of ontario, canada. two di ... | 1991 | 1851422 |
| health survey of backyard poultry and other avian species located within one mile of commercial california meat-turkey flocks. | a survey was conducted to characterize domestic and exotic bird populations, estimate seroprevalence to selected disease agents, and describe health management practices on 62 premises containing "backyard" flocks located within one mile of 22 commercial california meat-turkey flocks participating in national animal health monitoring system (nahms). chickens were present on 56 backyard premises and turkeys on seven. antibodies were identified against mycoplasma gallisepticum, m. synoviae, m. mel ... | 1991 | 1854324 |
| association of the infectious bronchitis virus 3c protein with the virion envelope. | a highly purified radiolabeled preparation of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was analyzed, by immunoprecipitation with monospecific antisera, for the presence of a series of small virus proteins recently identified as the products of ibv mrnas 3 and 5. one of these, 3c, a 12.4k protein encoded by the third open reading frame of the tricistronic mrna3 was clearly detectable and was found to cofractionate with virion envelope proteins on detergent disruption of virus particles. ... | 1991 | 1962461 |
| immunological relationship between the new zealand a and the australian t strains of infectious bronchitis virus as measured by cross-immunisation tests in tracheal organ cultures from immunised birds. | 1991 | 16031634 | |
| characterisation of strains of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in chile. | nine isolates of infectious bronchitis (ib)-like viruses were made from 23 flocks (broilers or layers) in chile experiencing the types of disease problems commonly associated with ibv. their identity as ib viruses was confirmed. the histological changes they caused in tracheal organ cultures (oc) are described. serum neutralisation tests performed in embryonated eggs (alpha-method) suggested that four of the isolates were serologically related to the massachusetts (mass) serotype of ibv and one ... | 1991 | 18680002 |