Publications

the prevalence of trichinella spiralis in foxes (vulpes vulpes) and other game species in denmark.	a survey of the rate of infection with trichinella spiralis among game animals in denmark is given with special regard to foxes. a total of 5084 foxes and 293 mustelidae were examined, most of them by a combined digestion and baermann technique. deep-frozen samples were examined by a method including digestion, filtration, and sedimentation. four foxes were found infected (cf. fig. 1). three of them were shot inside or just outside a fenced area within which wild boars had previously been found ...	1976	934811
intermittent chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis using rifampicin and isoniazed for primary treatment: the influence of various factors on the frequency off side-effects.	after studying more than 1,000 siphonaptera tera collected from about 300 wild carnivora (with a majority of foxes, vulpes vulpes), in the north-east of france, the authors state more precisely the biology and chorology of the main fleas collected: pulex irritans, ctenocephalides felis felis, c, canis, chaetopsylla globiceps, ch. rothschildi, ch. trichosa, paraceras melis melis. 9 other species are also noted.	1976	937975
adiaspiromycosis in large free living carnivores.	adiaspiromycosis was identified in 6 animals in the examination of the lungs of 90 large carnivores. emmonsia crescens (chrysosporium parvum var. crescens) was demonstrated as the causative agent in 5 cases of disease-in the badger (meles meles), the otter (lutra lutra) and the fox (vulpes vulpes). e. parva was demonstrated in the remaining case of disease in a fox. the badger is a new, up to the present unknown host of e. crescens. the sporadic occurrence of adiaspiromycosis in the fox and the ...	1976	945461
the occurrence of mesocestoides sp. in british wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes crucigera).	infection with the cyclophyllidean tapeworm mesocestoides sp. is recorded in british wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes cr-cigera) from scotland and south east england. previously, the occurence of this parasite in great britain has been rarely reported, but the results of the present study indicate that vulpine infection may be common.	1976	965710
isospora vulpina nieschulz and bos, 1933: description, and transmission from the fox (vulpes vulpes) to the dog.	oocysts of isospora vulpina were found in silver foxes (vulpes vulpes) on a fox farm in wisconsin. they were 29.7 (25-38) x 24.3 (21-32) mum. the sporocysts were 17.7 (15-23) x 13 (11-16) mum. five coccidia-free puppies were inoculated with 22,000-42,000 oocysts each of i. vulpina from the fox: a patent infection resulted after 6-7 days. the infection was then transferred from 1 of these dogs to another coccidia-free puppy. after a 7-day prepatent period the puppy passed oocysts for 7 days.	1976	972349
helminth parasites of the fox (vulpes vulpes) in new south wales.	a total of 930 foxes (vulpes vulpes) from new south wales were examined for the presence of gastro-intestinal helminth parasites. the cestodes were represented by taenia pisiformis with a prevalence of 15.7%, t. serialis (22.6%), t. taeniaeformis (0.1%), spirometra erinacei (28.7%) and dipylidium caninum (8.3%). no specimens of t. ovis, t. hydatigena or echinococcus granulosus were encountered. toxocara canis was the most prevalent nematode and occurred in 35.2% of foxes. other nematodes encount ...	1976	985241
[new faunal and biological observations on ticks in abruzzo].	ticks collected during the years 1975-76 in abruzzo (prov. l'aquila and chieti) italy are reported. the following species have been identified: ixodes canisuga, ixodes frontalis, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes ricinus, dermacentor marginatus, haemaphysalis sulcata, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus sanguineus, hyalomma marginatum. new hosts are: felis catus for ixodes canisuga; scolopax rusticola, motacilla flava, corvus cornix for ixodes frontalis; sciurus vulgaris for haemaphysalis punctata; garrul ...	1976	1032325
leptospiral antibodies in wild living animals from north tyrol.	the authors examined serologically 623 wild living animals (22 species) from north tyrol for the incidence of leptospirosis. positive reactions (mal) in the titre 1: 100 and more were found in 4.5% of the animals examined; the serotypes concerned were these: icterohaemorrhagiae, sorex-jalna, castellonis or arboreae, grippotyphosa, bratislava, pomona, sejroe, saxkoebing. positive reactions were obtained with the sera of sorex araneus, erinaceus europaeus, putorius putorius, vulpes vulpes, cervus ...	1976	780229
wildlife rabies in europe and the british situation.	the red fox is considered to be the main reservoir of the present european rabies epizootic which began in poland in 1939-40. its usual rate of spread is 20 to 60 km a year. mortality among rabies-infected fox populations is estimated variously to be 20 to 60%. the infection spreads more rapidly among foxes in the autumn and winter and its occurrence is dependent on fox populations is estimated variously to be 20 to 60%. the infection spreads more rapidly among foxes in the autumn and winter an ...	1976	790670
[immunodiffusion analysis of plasma proteins in the canine family].	immunodiffusion studies have been made on the plasma of 9 species (vulpes vulpes, v. corsak, alopex lagopus, canis aureus, c. lupus, c. familiaris, c. dingo, nyctereutes procynoides, fennecus zerde) from the family of canidae using milk antisera. unlike rabbit antisera used earlier, milk antisera make it possible to detect more significant antigenic divergency with respect to 5 alpha- and beta-globulins. these globulins seem to have a higher evolution rate of antigenic mosaics as compared to oth ...	1976	62473
[cyto-immunological study of the somatostatin hypothalamic peptidergic system in the fox (vulpes vulpes)].	immunocytological investigations on the hypothalamus of the red fox with rabbit anti-srif showed large or small perikarya in the supra-optical and paraventricular nuclei. in the median eminence srif-positive nerve fibres and their endings have a characteristic distribution in areas different from those of lh-rh containing nerve fibres.	1976	135618
[a further contribution to the parasite fauna of the red fox, vulpes vulpes (l.), in austria].		1976	1258570
[parasitism of the fox (vulpes vulpes l.) by ixodidae (acarina) in northeast france. interpretation of the seasonal dynamics of the parasites in relation to the biology of the host].		1976	1266553
the aerobic bacterial flora of the anal sac of the red fox.		1976	825502
toxoplasmosis: a serological survey in ontario wildlife.	sera from seven species of wild animals in ontario were examined for antibody to toxoplasma gondii using the sabin-feldman dye test. of 158 sera tested, 53% of the red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 56% of the striped skunks (mephitis mephitis), 78% of the coyotes (canis latrans), 33% of the black bears (ursus americanus), 18% of the short tailed shrews (blarina brevicauda) and none of the field voles (microtus pennsylvanicus) had antibody. antibody to t. gondii was present in sera from wild animals cap ...	1976	16502687
food caching by red foxes and some other carnivores.	food caching by the red fox, vulpes vulpes, may safeguard surplus food for future consumption. because of practical difficulties involved in observation the extent to which the fox making a cache, or any other fox, can utilise the hoard was not known. this problem is tackled through extended observation, using unfra-red binoculars, on wild foxes (some of which were radio-tagged), together with experiments involving hand-reared tame foxes, either walked on a long leash or free and radio-tagged. t ...	1976	1007654
5-aminovaleric acid, a major free amino acid component of the anal sac secretion of the red fox, vulpes vulpes.		1976	1000937
allelic expression in intergeneric fox hybrids (alopex lagopus x vulpes vulpes). i. comparative electrophoretic studies on blood enzymes and proteins in arctic and silver foxes.	twenty-seven blood enzymes and proteins, whose structures are presumably controlled by at least 33 genes, were assayed in arctic and silver foxes by starch gel electrophoresis. two types of protein and enzyme electrophoretic patterns were distinguished: one exhibiting a single enzyme, the other several isozymes. the two fox species were found to differ in seven of the 27 enzymes and proteins studied: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, erythrocyte carboxylesterase, diaphorase, p ...	1976	1016223
[expression of homologous genes in interspecies arctic fox x silver fox hybrids (alopex lagopus x vulpes vulpes). iii. mechanisms of expression of alleles of locus gpd, located on the x-chromosome].	the electrophoretic pattern of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g-6-pd) was studied in 60 intergeneric fox hybrids (alopex lagopus x vulpes vulpes), 33 females and 27 males. it is shown that the structural gene for g-6-pd, designated as gpd, is located on the x-chromosome in both arctic and silver foxes. analysis of g-6-pd in the erythrocytes of hybrid females demonstrated that the phenotypic expression of parental alleles at the locus gpd varied considerably: from 1:1 to the hemizygous manisf ...	1976	1010322
adrenal reactivity to acth age changes in silver foxes inheriting different defensive behaviors.	we have studied the influence of selection for behavior in female silver foxes upon their adrenal reactivity to acth. it has been found that in the first year of life, in females from a population selected for domesticated behavior (tame), there is no differentiated adrenal response to different doses of acth. in wild females during the first year of life, varying strength of adrenal response to large and small doses of acth is noted. during the second year of life, the differential adrenal resp ...	1976	233073
[homologous gene expression in intergeneric fox hybrids (alopex lagopus x vulpes vulpes). i. comparative electrophoretic analysis of blood proteins and enzymes in arctic and silver foxes].	a comparative study of 27 enzymes and proteins in blue and silver foxes was carried out by means of starch gel electrophoresis. the structure of these enzymes and proteins is determined by about 33 genes. it is shown that a number of blood enzymes and proteins of these species is represented by a single electrophoretic form, while lactate dehydrogenase, carboanhydrase, arylesterase, carboxylesterase, diaphorase, hexokinase and tetrasolium oxidase have several forms. it is also found that these s ...	1975	1218728
fitting richards' curve to data of diverse origins.	published techniques for fitting data to nonlinear growth curves are briefly reviewed; most techniques require knowledge of the shape of the curve. a flexible growth curve developed by richards (1959) is discussed as an alternative when the shape is unknown. the shape of this curve is governed by a specific parameter, which can be estimated from the data. we describe in detail the fitting of a diverse set of longitudinal and cross-sectional data to richards' growth curve for the purpose of deter ...	1975	1183852
dihydroactinidiolide in the supracaudal scent gland secretion of the red fox.		1975	1165772
[mathematical model applied to the study of the red fox].		1975	1225686
[importance of the fox (vulpes vulpes) in the transmission of sarcosporidiosis from the steinbock (capra ibex) at the gran paradiso national park].	sarcosporidiasis is a very common infection of steinbocks (capra ibex) and chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) of gran paradiso national park, italian western alps, frequently with serious cardiac involvement. no dogs or cats are allowed inside the park, to the contrary foxes (vulpes vulpes) are present every where, near steinbocks and chamois, and eat on the bodies of dead animals. feces of vulpes vulpes were collected in the same area, where the infected capra ibex used for the following experiment ...	1975	823518
studies on the oral infectivity of rabies virus in carnivora.	mature and immature red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) were fed varying numbers of white mice infected with street isolates and a fixed strain of rabies virus. rabies deaths and the development of serum neutralizing antibody to rabies virus occurred in both species. the epizootiological implications of these findings are discussed.	1975	1097742
paragonimus kellicotti infection in wild carnivores in southwestern ontario: i. prevalence and gross pathologic features.	paragonimus kellicotti ward, 1908 was recovered from 16 of 105 mink (mustela vison), 14 of 244 striped skunks (mephitis mephitis), 10 of 446 red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 1 of 31 coyotes (canis latrans), 0 of 326 raccoons (procyon lotor) and 0 of 8 weasels (mustela spp.) collected from southwestern ontario. the majority of carnivores harboring p. kellicotti was collected from two counties (huron and bruce) bordering the east shore of lake huron where 6.0% of the animals (excluding raccoons) were in ...	1975	1113433
emmonsia parva as causal agent of adiaspiromycosis in a fox.	the authors report on adiaspiromycosis of a fox (vulpes vulpes) caused by emmonsia parva. species diagnosis was made on the basis of dimensions of the fungus found in the lungs of the animal, the histopathological picture of tissue changes and the properties of the isolated culture. the identification of the fungus was also confirmed by experimental infection. the differential diagnosis of the agent of adiaspiromycosis is discussed by experimental infection. the differential diagnosed of the age ...	1975	1124461
some helminths of the red fox, vulpes vulpes schlencki kishida, in hokkaido, japan, with a description of a new trematode, massaliatrema yamashitai n. sp.		1975	1142572
paragonimus kellicotti infection in wild carnivores in southwestern ontario: ii. histopathologic features.	pulmonary lesions associated with naturally acquired paragonimus kellicotti infection were studied in mink (mustela vison), striped skunks (mephitis mephitis), red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and a coyote (canis latrans). in ,ink a fibrous capsule was formed around mature flukes in dilated bronchioles or bronchi, and there was mild focal interstitial pneumonitis adjacent to fluke eggs in alveoli and migrating parasites. a thick wall, infiltrated heavily with mononuclear cells and eosinophils, surroun ...	1975	1152176
the anal sac secretion of the red fox (vulpes vulpes); its chemistry and microbiology. a comparison with the anal sac secretion of the lion (panthera leo).		1974	4813597
thallium poisoning in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and badgers (meles meles) in denmark.		1974	4831790
[variations of capillary blood flow of testis during prepubescent phasis in the male fox(vulpes vulpes) in captivity].		1974	4211740
[cytoimmunologic study of gonadotropic cells of the red fox].		1974	4376449
neighbor recognition in two "solitary" carnivores: the raccoon (procyon lotor) and the red fox (vulpes fulva).	male raccoons and red foxes were trapped alive and exposed to each other in captivity. animals of each species trapped close to one another demonstrated a higher frequency of initial dominance-subordinance relationships and lower frequencies of more intense aggressive interactions than did animals trapped at greater distances from each other. this suggests the existence of neighbor recognition and thus a rudimentary social structure within these free-living "solitary" species.	1974	17799055
[inheritance of changes in the activity level of lactate dehydrogenase 2d isozyme in silver fox erythrocytes].		1973	4807120
meiotic study on supernumerary microchromosomes of red fox (vulpes vulpes).		1973	4781372
the reproductive cycle of the red fox in europe.		1973	4522367
further studies of sylvatic rabies in the fox (vulpes vulpes). vaccination by the oral route.		1973	4755271
seasonal changes in the testicular blood flow of seasonally breeding mammals: dormouse, glis glis, ferret, mustella furo, and fox, vulpes vulpes.		1973	4741692
helminth parasites of the fox (vulpes vulpes) in victoria.		1973	4795938
on the carnassial tooth cusps in recent red foxes (vulpes vulpes l.) in finland and denmark.		1972	4506734
echinococcus in the south american red fox (dusicyon culpaeus) and the european hare (lepus europaeus) in the province of neuquén, argentina.		1972	4656449
polymorphism and quinacrine fluorescence karyotypes of red foxes (vulpes vulpes).		1972	4653145
microchromosomes in the american red fox, vulpes fulva.		1972	5049749
[luteal biology in the fox (vulpes vulpes l.). does the hypophysis interfere with the persistance of the corpus luteum after parturition?].		1972	4622035
echinococcus multilocularis leuckart, 1863, in red foxes, vulpes vulpes linn., in moghan, azerbaijan province, northwest of iran.		1971	5090956
[parasitic fauna of the red fox, vulpes vulpes (l.) in austria].		1971	5099562
on pseudorabies in carnivores in denmark. i. the red fox (vulpes vulpes).		1971	5106997
anal gland secretion of the red fox.		1971	4939989
[the "viola" of the red fox (vulpes vulpes l.)].		1971	4998116
[capillary blood flow in the fox (vulpes vulpes) testis during the seasonal genital cycle].		1971	5152263
variations of the chromosome number in the red fox (vulpes vulpes).		1971	5088495
[trichinella spiralis in the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in austria].		1970	5467417
[incidence of e. multilocularis in common fox (vulpes vulpes) in the nord-east of france].		1970	5528309
the occurrence of echinococcus multilocularis leuckart, 1863 and of other helminths in the red fox, vulpes vulpes, in southern manitoba.		1970	5528607
sylvatic rabies studies in the silver fox (vulpes vulpes). susceptibility and immune response.	the trials reported here show that the fox is highly susceptible to rabies virus. vaccination with era rabies vaccine was capable of protecting foxes against challenge with naturally occurring strains of sylvatic rabies.oral immunization against rabies using era rabies vaccine was possible.	1970	4249093
the susceptibility of five species of wild animals to experimental infection with leptospira grippotyphosa.	five species of wild animals including opossums, didelphis marsupialis, striped skunks, mephitis mephitis, red, vulpes vulpes, and gray foxes, urocyon cinereoargenteus and raccoons, procyon lotor, were inoculated intraperitoneally with varying numbers of leptospira grippotyphosa, organisms. clinical signs were not detected, however, leptospiremia, leptospiruria and antibodies for the homologous organism, were demonstrated. lesions attributed to leptospirosis were observed in liver and kidney tis ...	1970	16512129
pantropism of rabies virus in free-ranging rabid red fox vulpes fulva.	the fluorescent antibody and mouse inoculation tests were employed to study the pantropism of rabies virus in tissue from free-ranging red fox (vulpes fulva) submitted for rabies diagnosis. viral antigen was found in various organs and tissues of the body. the distribution of antigen within tissues is discussed in the light of the pathogenesis and potential excretion of the virus.	1970	16512165
cases of pseudorabies in free-living red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and in captive blue foxes (alopex lagopus) in denmark.		1969	5389703
[hip joint studies in dingos (canis dingo), arctic foxes (alopex lagopus) and foxes (vulpes vulpes)].		1969	5396966
trichinella spiralis in the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in ireland.		1969	5796002
[ecology of leishmaniasis in the south of france. 2. selvatic reservoirs. spontaneous infestation of the fox (vulpes vulpes l.)].		1968	5754278
echinococcus multilocularis in peromyscus maniculatus and vulpes vulpes from minnesota.		1968	5757663
dentition and pelage in the juvenile red fox (vulpes vulpes).		1968	5670810
vascular lesions of dirofilaria immitis in the red fox.	dirofilaria immitis was found in the right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and lungs of 2 red foxes (vulpes fulva) in connecticut. the most significant lesions occurred in the pulmonary artery and consisted of focal atheromatous-like intimal plaques, diffuse subintimal accumulations of inflammatory cells, and marked villose endarteritis in the elastic portion of the pulmonary artery. medial hyperplasia of the muscular branches, along with periarteritis, was found in 1 fox. these 2 cases may be a fu ...	1966	22413202
[on the storerooms of the red fox (vulpes vulpes l.)].		1965	5890860
[the effect of living conditions and various kinds of food on the helminthofauna in the red fox-vulpes vulpes l].		1964	14348752
dirofilaria immitis in the red fox (vulpes fulva) in minnesota.		1964	14244819
the toxicity of some chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides to british wild foxes (vulpes vulpes).		1963	14081953
leptospira pomona infection in an eastern red fox (vulpes fulva fulva).		1960	13693849
the fox as a definitive host of echinococcus and its role in the spread of hydatid disease.	in the first part of this discussion of the significance of the fox in the epidemiology of hydatid disease in man, the author reviews the literature on vulpine echinococciasis. he points out that the evidence available from field surveys and laboratory observations suggests that the fox is not a definitive host of echinococcus granulosus-the parasite responsible for the most common form of hydatid disease in man-but is a host of e. multilocularis, which is found in parts of europe and asia, in t ...	1959	13638792
investigations concerning the relationship of silver fox virus encephalitis to infectious canine hepatitis of rubarth.		1959	13649470
chromosome number in the silver fox (vulpes fulvus desm.).		1958	13541480
[experimental q fever infection of fox (vulpes vulpes) and of forest mouse (apodemus flavicolia)].		1958	13608508
examination of commercial silver fox as a possible host for echinococcus granulosus (batsch 1786) rudolphi 1805 in salt lake county, utah.		1953	13084497
[hereditary hyperplastic gingivitis; a histological study on silver fox].		1952	14931314
the genetics of the colour phases of the red fox in the mackenzie river locality.		1947	18919690
a dicrocoeliid trematode, eurytrema vulpis n. sp. provis., from the pancreatic ducts of the red fox.		1947	18903601
distribution and genetics of the color phases of the red fox in canada.		1945	17247144
chromosomes of the red fox.		1942	16578047