Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. i: hexamita salmonis. | various drugs were evaluated as regards efficacy for the treatment of hexamita salmonis infection in rainbow trout. the results confirm the efficacy of nitroimidazoles: infection was completely eradicated not only by metronidazole (which has been recommended previously for the treatment of hexamitosis), but also by benznidazole, ronidazole and secnidazole, which have not been assayed previously. the non-nitroimidazoles albendazole, aminosidine, diethylcarbamazine and nitroscanate also completely ... | 1998 | 9653458 |
| isolation and characterization of rhamnose-binding lectins from eggs of steelhead trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) homologous to low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily. | two l-rhamnose-binding lectins named stl1 and stl2 were isolated from eggs of steelhead trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. the apparent molecular masses of purified stl1 and stl2 were estimated to be 84 and 68 kda, respectively, by gel filtration chromatography. sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry of these lectins revealed that stl1 was compo ... | 1998 | 9668106 |
| binding and lethal effect of complement from oncorhynchus mykiss on gyrodactylus derjavini (platyhelminthes: monogenea). | a lethal effect of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss plasma containing intact complement factors on gyrodactylus derjavini was demonstrated. it was associated with binding of complement factor c3 to certain carbohydrate-rich parasite structures. parasites were exposed in vitro to plasma from rainbow trout. untreated plasma from infected and uninfected fish showed lethal effects on the parasites within 1 h, whereas prior heat inactivation of complement prevented any parasite killing. inhibition o ... | 1998 | 9676245 |
| electron microscope studies of the in vitro phagocytosis of mycobacterium spp. by rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss head kidney macrophages. | the cytological response of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss head kidney macrophages to ingested mycobacterium spp. was examined in vitro. mycobacterium marinum or mycobacterium sp. tb267 isolated from snakehead fish channa striata bloch were opsonised with either fresh rainbow trout serum, serum which had been heat-inactivated, or rainbow trout antiserum against the extracellular products (ecp) of the 2 mycobacterium spp. a monoclonal antibody against the ecp was also used as an opsonin. suspe ... | 1998 | 9676251 |
| identification and modulation of a growth hormone-binding protein in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) plasma during seawater adaptation. | a soluble protein that specifically bound 125i-human growth hormone (hgh) was identified in rainbow trout plasma, using hplc-gel filtration. the binding affinity of the protein for hgh was 1.2 x 10(9)m-1. 125i-rainbow trout gh (tgh) was also able to bind to the protein albeit with a lower affinity (6.6 x 10(7)m-1) than hgh. crosslinking experiments using 125i-hgh revealed two specific bands of 150 and 130 kda. the complex 125i-hgh-bp could be precipitated by a monoclonal anti-gh receptor antibod ... | 1998 | 9679093 |
| detection of humoral antibodies to renibacterium salmoninarum in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and atlantic salmon salmo salar challenged by immersion and in naturally infected populations. | humoral antibodies to heat-stable antigens of renibacterium salmoninarum (rs) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and in atlantic salmon salmo salar challenged by immersion. a slow antibody response was found: 3% (1/30) was positive 4 wk after immersion and 72% (26/36) was positive after 8 wk. all 30 fish sampled after 4 wk were found to be infected, as determined by bacterial culture and/or the presence of soluble antigens in the kidne ... | 1998 | 9684315 |
| expression of rat gene for l-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase, the key enzyme of l-ascorbic acid biosynthesis, in guinea pig cells and in teleost fish rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the ability of rainbow trout liver and kidney preparations to produce l-ascorbic acid with an added source of l-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase (glo) and the absence of their own glo activity suggested that the reason for the absence of l-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in fish and in guinea pig, a scurvy-prone mammal, can be similar. nevertheless, results of rat glo cdna expression in guinea pig cells and in rainbow trout proved different. in guinea pig cells, rat glo was expressed in a functional form ... | 1998 | 9685663 |
| isolation and functional analysis of the histone h3 promoter from atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.). | the histone h3 (sh3) promoter of atlantic salmon (salmo salar) was cloned via polymerase chain reaction using primers designed from the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) promoter sequence. a comparison of the nucleotide sequence with the equivalent sequences from rainbow trout and sockeye salmon (oncorhynchus nerka) revealed a high degree of conservation. in vivo expression analysis of the sh3 promoter was carried out in both rainbow trout and zebrafish (danio rerio) embryos. a direct comparis ... | 1998 | 9701610 |
| indicative and pathogenic microbiological quality of aquacultured finfish grown in different production systems. | the nature and number of indicator and pathogenic microbes in fish reared using recirculating and nonrecirculating water systems were compared. for each system, 20 samples of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), tilapia (oreochromis spp.), hybrid striped bass (morone saxatilis x m. chrysops), and pacu (piaractus mesopotamicus) were randomly selected and gutted, and microbial analyses were performed using aoac procedures. five fish were subsampled and analyzed for indicative microbial quality wit ... | 1998 | 9708283 |
| growth of inoculated psychrotrophic pathogens on refrigerated fillets of aquacultured rainbow trout and channel catfish. | aquacultured rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) fillets were inoculated with the psychrotrophic pathogens listeria monocytogenes and aeromonas hydrophila: cell populations were monitored during refrigerated storage at 2 to 4 degrees c. fillets of both species were placed individually in sterile plastic bags and inoculated with cell suspensions (10(4.7) cfu/100 g of fish) of either a. hydrophila or l monocytogenes or of both a. hydrophila and l. monocyto ... | 1998 | 9708302 |
| isolation of the first piscine transforming growth factor beta gene: analysis reveals tissue specific expression and a potential regulatory sequence in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the nucleotide sequence of a rainbow trout transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta) peptide is presented, which translates into a 382 amino acid precursor molecule containing a 20 amino acid leader and a mature peptide of 112 amino acids. the mature peptide has nine conserved cysteines and a conserved proline (position 36) and glycine (position 46), all characteristics of tgf-beta superfamily molecules. within the precursor region are three glycosylation sites, two in common with known tgf-bet ... | 1998 | 9722928 |
| route of vaccine administration: effects on the specific humoral response in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | the specific humoral response of teleost fish to extracellular bacteria was examined using a rainbow trout-vibrio anguillarum model. treatment groups were immunized by oral, immersion, and injection routes. all 3 delivery methods conferred full protection in controlled laboratory challenges (p < 0.01). prior to boosting, serum antibody titers did not correlate with protection in the orally and immersion-vaccinated groups, but, contrary to previous studies, titers measured 10 and 17 d after boost ... | 1998 | 9745714 |
| oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. ii. gyrodactylus sp. | a total of 24 drugs were evaluated as regards their efficacy for oral treatment of gyrodactylosis in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. in preliminary trials, all drugs were supplied to infected fish at 40 g per kg of feed for 10 d. twenty-two of the drugs tested (aminosidine, amprolium, benznidazole, bithionol, chloroquine, diethylcarbamazine, flubendazole, levamisole, mebendazole, metronidazole, niclosamide, nitroxynil, oxibendazole, parbendazole, piperazine, praziquantel, ronidazole, secnidaz ... | 1998 | 9745715 |
| oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. iii. ichthyobodo necator. | a total of 32 drugs were evaluated as regards their efficacy for oral treatment of ichthyobodo necator infestation of rainbow trout. in preliminary trials, all drugs were supplied to infected fish at 40 g per kg of feed for 10 d. the majority of the drugs tested (1,3-di-6-quinolylurea, aminosidine, amprolium, benznidazole, bithionol, chloroquine, diethylcarbamazine, dimetridazole, diminazene aceturate, febantel, flubendazole, ketoconazole, levamisole, mebendazole, netobimin, niclosamide, niridaz ... | 1998 | 9745716 |
| competitive binding of xenobiotic oestrogens to rat alpha-fetoprotein and to sex steroid binding proteins in human and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) plasma. | the ability of a variety of "environmental oestrogens" to compete with radiolabelled steroids to rat alpha-fetoprotein (afp) and to sex steroid binding proteins was investigated in human and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) plasma. for [3h]oestradiol binding to afp, diethylstilbestrol and 4-nonylphenoxyacetic acid showed significant competition at concentrations about 100-fold greater than oestradiol (relative binding affinities approximately 1% c.f. oestradiol). all other compounds (phytooes ... | 1998 | 9748407 |
| impact assessment of a wastewater treatment plant effluent using the fish biomarker ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase: field and on-site experiments. | the impact of a wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) effluent was assessed with the fish biomarker ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) using field and on-site laboratory experiments. erod activity was measured in chub (leuciscus cephalus) and stone loach (noemacheilus barbatulus) caught at three sites of the chalaronne river (southeast france). liver somatic index (lsi) and organochloride bioaccumulation in muscle were estimated for chub only. in september, erod activity and lsi of chub increased s ... | 1998 | 9756685 |
| effect of cryopreservation on the fine structure of spermatozoa of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (salmo trutta f. fario) | freeze-fracture electron microscopy has revealed that changes are induced in the organization of the plasma membranes of spermatozoa of rainbow and brown trout when they are cryopreserved. electron-micrographic images of spermatozoa that had not been exposed to cryopreservation showed a protoplasmic surface with particles homogeneously distributed. the concentration of the particles was low. in the median portion of the tail the authors observed longitudinal strips, consisting of particles locat ... | 1998 | 9787071 |
| plasma proteins of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) isolated by binding to lipopolysaccharide from aeromonas salmonicida. | in an attempt to find plasma proteins that might be involved in the constitutive resistance of rainbow trout to furunculosis, a disease caused by aeromonas salmonicida (as), we purified serum and plasma proteins based on their calcium- and carbohydrate-dependent affinity for a. salmonicida lipopolysaccharide (lps) coupled to an epoxy-activated synthetic matrix (toyopearl af epoxy 650m). a multimeric family of high molecular weight (96 to 200-kda) lps-binding proteins exhibiting both calcium and ... | 1998 | 9787816 |
| evolution of oogenesis: the receptor for vitellogenin from the rainbow trout. | receptors that transport vitellogenin (vtg) into oocytes are of vital importance to egg-laying species because they mediate a key step in oocyte development. here we describe the cloning of the first piscine oocyte-specific receptor cdna, i.e., that encoding the vtg receptor from the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the receptor, a 826-residue type-i membrane protein, is a member of the low density lipoprotein receptor (ldlr) superfamily. it closely resembles the mammalian so-called very low ... | 1998 | 9788239 |
| cryptosporidium parvum: an attempt at experimental infection in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | a study was carried out on rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss fed with a commercial feed contaminated with bovine-isolated cryptosporidium parvum oocysts whose viability and infectivity were previously tested by inoculation of oocysts to neonatal swiss cd-1 mice. histological examination of hematoxylin-eosin-stained gastrointestinal sections from control and c. parvum-exposed fish revealed no life-cycle stages of cryptosporidium in any part of the apical border of the digestive tract. however, se ... | 1998 | 9794634 |
| ectoparasitic species of the genus trichodina (ciliophora: peritrichida) parasitising british freshwater fish. | seven species of the genus trichodina ehrenberg, 1838 were identified during a sampling programme of twenty freshwater fish species from approximately sixty sites in scotland, england and wales. species found include: trichodina acuta lom, 1961 from cyprinus carpio l., carassius auratus l., oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), salmo trutta l. and phoxinus phoxinus l.; trichodina domerguei wallengren, 1897 from gasterosteus aculeatus l.; trichodina tenuidens faure-fremiet, 1944 from gasterosteus aculea ... | 1998 | 9805782 |
| cloning, sequencing, and tissue expression of cyp3a27, a new member of the cyp3a subfamily from embryonic and adult rainbow trout livers. | screening of lambdagt11 and lambdagt22a cdna libraries of livers from adult females and embryos of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), respectively, using rabbit anti-rainbow trout cytochrome p450 lmc5 polyclonal antibodies showed that there were identical cdnas of 1802-bp nucleotides with open reading frames coding for proteins containing 518 amino acids (59,206 da, pi = 6.39). the cdna was assigned cyp3a27 by the p450 nomenclature committee to represent the first cyp3a subfamily member report ... | 1998 | 9826429 |
| studies on the eosinophilic granule cells in the gills of the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | eosinophilic granule cells (egcs) found in the gills, skin and alimentary canals of fish have been likened to mammalian mast cells in terms of their structure and function. to investigate this situation further, gill explant cultures from the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, were set-up and incubated with either lipopolysaccharide (lps; 5 micrograms ml-1) or human recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha; 25 iu ml-1) alone or in combination for 7 days. examination of histological s ... | 1998 | 9827047 |
| sulfation of thyroid hormones by liver of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | we studied hepatic sulfation of thyroid hormones (th) in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. sulfation of thyroxine (t4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (t3) was detected in the cytosolic (63-67%), microsomal (12-16%), nuclear (12-14%) and mitochondrial/lysosomal (7-8%) fractions. using 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (paps) as a sulfate donor, sulfation of t4 and t3 by the cytosolic fraction depended on protein concentration and time. the ph profiles for t4- and t3-sulfation were broad and ov ... | 1998 | 9827058 |
| a nested polymerase chain reaction for the detection of genomic dna of myxobolus cerebralis in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test was developed to amplify a segment of the 18s rrna gene from myxobolus cerebralis, the agent causing whirling disease in salmonid fish. the pcr amplifies a 415 bp amplicon that was identified by dideoxynucleotide terminated sequencing to be identical to the known 18s rdna sequence of m. cerebralis. there was no amplification of genomic dna from 4 other myxosporean parasites of salmonid fish from the genus myxobolus including m. arcticus, m. insidiosu ... | 1998 | 9828408 |
| organochlorine pesticide residues in muscle tissue of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, taken from four fish farms in león, spain. | levels of nine organochlorine pesticides (lindane, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, o,p'-tde, p,p'-tde, p,p'-dde and p,p'-ddt) were determined in muscle samples of rainbow trout, onchorhynchus mykiss, collected from four fish farms in the province of león, in the north-west of spain (europe). the highest incidence percentage was for lindane (67.5%) and heptachlor epoxide (55.0%). organochlorine residue levels detected contributed slightly to acceptable daily intakes (adis) establish ... | 1998 | 9829032 |
| environmental effects on transmission of discocotyle sagittata (monogenea): egg production and development. | egg production by the freshwater gill monogenean discocotyle sagittata infecting rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) was monitored at 5, 13 and 18 degrees c; eggs were incubated at 6, 10, 13, 15, 16, 18, 22 and 26 degrees c and the hatching times determined. mean per capita output at 13 degrees c ranged from 0.8 eggs/worm/day (e/w/d) to 18.3 e/w/d for 25 hosts (burdens 1-17 worms/host). average egg production rates for worms in single burdens varied from 3 e/d to 14.6 e/d at 13 degrees c, mean 7 ... | 1998 | 9836315 |
| identification of a fibroblast growth factor 6 (fgf6) gene in a non-mammalian vertebrate: continuous expression of fgf6 accompanies muscle fiber hyperplasia. | fgf6, a member of the fibroblast growth factor (fgf) family, is specifically expressed in developing skeletal muscle and may participate in muscle maintenance and regeneration. until now, no convincing evidence for the existence of an fgf6 gene in non-mammalian vertebrates has been put forward. only a hybrid growth factor containing features characteristic of both fgf4 and fgf6 has been identified in frogs and chickens, suggesting that the step of duplication which created fgf4 and fgf6 took pla ... | 1998 | 9878802 |
| relationships between boron concentrations and trout in the firehole river, wyoming: historical information and preliminary results of a field study. | the firehole river (fhr) in yellowstone national park (ynp) is a world-renowned recreational fishery that predominantly includes rainbow trout (rbt, oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (bnt, salmo trutta). the trout populations apparently are closed to immigration and have been self-sustaining since 1955. inputs from hot springs and geysers increase the temperature and mineral content of the water, including elevating the boron (b) concentrations to a maximum of approximately 1 mg b/l. both rbt ... | 1998 | 10050918 |
| occurrence of loma cf. salmonae in brook, brown and rainbow trout from buford trout hatchery, georgia, usa. | during a 6 mo study of moribund trout from buford hatchery, buford, georgia, usa, a loma cf. salmonae microsporidian parasite was studied in the gills of brook trout salvelinus fontinalis, brown trout salmo trutta, and rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. this parasite was morphologically similar to l. salmonae and l. fontinalis but differed in spore size. scanning and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that xenomas were embedded in gill filaments. transmission electron micrographs prep ... | 1998 | 9891735 |
| rainbow trout cytokine and cytokine receptor genes. | transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta) and interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) have been cloned from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) in our laboratory. the trout tgf-beta is typical of members of the cysteine knot cytokine family, and has highest homology to tgf-beta 1, tgf-beta 4 and tgf-beta 5. the gene organisation is different to other tgf-beta genes despite the presence of seven exons. trout il-1 beta has less homology to known il-1 beta s (49-56% amino acid similarity) but shows clear c ... | 1998 | 9914923 |
| on a new species of hysterothylacium (nematoda: anisakidae) from cauque mauleanum (pisces: atherinidae) by brightfield and scanning electron microscopy. | hysterothylacium geschei n. sp. (nematoda, anisakidae) is described from the intestine of cauque mauleanum (steindachner) (pisces: atherinidae) from lake panguipulli (39 degrees-43's; 72 degrees-13'w), chile. eleven (78.6%) out of 14 fish were infected, with a mean intensity (range) of 14.4 (1-55) worms. the new species can be differentiated from the two previously described species of freshwater fishes from south america by the presence of lateral alae, the number of caudal papillae, and the le ... | 1998 | 9921297 |
| molecular cloning, sequence analysis and expression distribution of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) cystatin c. | cystatin c is one of a family of proteinase inhibitors of cathepsins and other cysteine proteinases. among warm-blooded vertebrates, small functional regions of cystatin amino acid sequences are well conserved among species, but major portions of cystatin amino acid sequences vary evolutionarily. although considerable attention has been given to mammalian and avian cystatins, little data exist on cystatins from other vertebrates. a cdna clone for trout cystatin c was isolated from a lambda gt11 ... | 1998 | 9972289 |
| rainbow trout cytochrome p450s: purification, molecular aspects, metabolic activity, induction and role in environmental monitoring. | cytochromes p450 (p450s or cyps) constitute a superfamily of heme-thiolate proteins that play important roles in oxidative metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds. this review provides some limited history but addresses mainly the research progress on the cytochrome p450s in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), their purification, structures at the primary level, role in metabolism, responses to chemicals and environmental pollutants, application to biomonitoring and the effect of vario ... | 1998 | 9972454 |
| immunochemical investigations of cytochrome p450 forms/epitopes (cyp1a, 2b, 2e, 3a and 4a) in digestive gland of mytilus sp. | western blot analysis of microsomes and partially purified cytochrome p450 (cyp) from digestive gland of mytilus edulis was carried out using polyclonal antibodies to hepatic perca fluviatilis cyp1a, oncorhynchus mykiss cyp3a and rat cyp2b, cyp2e and cyp4a isoforms. multiple cyp bands were detected in partially purified cyp compared to single bands for microsomes for anti-cyp1a, anti-cyp2b, anti-cyp2e and anti-cyp3a. in contrast, anti-cyp4a showed two distinct bands for both. the apparent molecu ... | 1998 | 9972478 |
| dietary fish oil and digestible protein modify susceptibility to lipid peroxidation in the muscle of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax). | the effects of dietary fish oil and digestible protein (dp) levels on muscle fatty acid composition and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation were studied in two representative fish species for human nutrition, from fresh and seawater, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax). in rainbow trout, higher concentrations of dietary fat and dp led to higher weight gain (g/d) (p = 0.001 and p = 0.043 respectively). additionally, an interaction effect was observed ... | 1998 | 9875068 |
| a role for scavenger receptors in phagocytosis of protein-coated particles in rainbow trout head kidney macrophages. | in macrophages of higher vertebrates, fc receptors and receptors for complement and other serum factors, are generally known to enhance the phagocytic process. in lower vertebrates like salmonid fishes, none of these or other phagocytic receptors have been thoroughly characterized. the purpose of this study was to elucidate to what extent these and other receptors are involved in the process of phagocytosis in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) head kidney macrophages. we used tosyl activated, ... | 1998 | 9877435 |
| long-term, quantitative analysis of gametogenesis in autotriploid rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | a long-term, quantitative analysis was conducted on the gametogenesis of autotriploid rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) to quantify their degree of germline development and reproductive potential. triploid and diploid (control) trout siblings were raised separately under identical conditions and sampled randomly for histological analysis. triploid males underwent testicular development and proliferation of germ cells by mitosis and meiosis, progressing through initial phases of spermatogenesis ... | 1998 | 9861160 |
| expression of a cysteine-rich protein (crp) encoding gene during early development of the trout. | members of the cysteine-rich protein (crp) define a subclass of lim-only proteins implicated mainly in muscle differentiation. until now, very little is known concerning the expression of crp encoding genes during vertebrate development. we describe here the isolation of a trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) gene encoding a cysteine-rich protein (tcrp) and the pattern of its mrna accumulation during embryogenesis, focusing on somitogenesis. tcrp encodes a putative protein with two lim domains linked to ... | 1998 | 9867350 |
| neutrophil and macrophage responses to inflammation in the peritoneal cavity of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. a light and electron microscopic cytochemical study. | the neutrophil and macrophage responses that accompany inflammation were studied in the peritoneal cavity of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss using light and electron microscopic cytochemistry. neutrophils of inflammatory peritoneal exudates were alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase-negative, peroxidase-positive and rich in cytoplasmic glycogen granules. macrophages were poor in glycogen, esterase-positive and usually peroxidase-negative. some peroxidase-positive macrophages were due to the transfe ... | 1998 | 9867437 |
| boron stimulates embryonic trout growth. | boron is present in our soil, water and air. cyanobacteria require it for nitrogen fixation, and vascular plants require it for the formation of cell walls and membranes. i report here how boron affects the growth of embryonic rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). fertilized ovum from the mt. whitney rainbow trout strain were incubated at (12.5 degreesc) in type 1 astm ultrapure grade water supplemented with boric acid (99.5% purity) during the 1995 and 1997 spawning seasons. boron concentrations ... | 1998 | 9868197 |
| histochemical characteristics of gyrodactylus derjavini parasitizing the fins of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | histochemical studies of enzyme activities and structural elements in gyrodactylus derjavini mikailov, 1975 parasitizing fins of oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum were conducted. marked activities of non-specific esterase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and amino-peptidase were found in the intestinal caeca of the parasite. a strong activity of acetylcholinesterase was seen in the nervous system. extraintestinal non-specific and eserine-sulphate resistant esterase was localized in the distal p ... | 1998 | 9868792 |
| passive and active transport properties of a gill model, the cultured branchial epithelium of the freshwater rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | branchial epithelia of freshwater rainbow trout were cultured on permeable supports, polyethylene terephthalate membranes ("filter inserts"), starting from dispersed gill epithelial cells in primary culture. leibowitz l-15 media plus foetal bovine serum and glutamine, with an ionic composition similar to trout extracellular fluid, was used. after 6 days of growth on the filter insert with l-15 present on both apical and basolateral surfaces, the cultured preparations exhibited stable transepithe ... | 1998 | 11253822 |
| partial purification and characterization of six transglutaminases from ordinary muscles of various fishes and marine invertebrates. | six transglutaminases were prepared from ordinary muscles of scallop (patinopecten yessoensis), botan shrimp (pandalus nipponensis), squid (todarodes pacificus), carp (cyprinus carpio), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), and atka mackerel (pleurogrammus azonus), and their physicochemical and enzymatic properties were compared with each other. the km value of carp transglutaminase for monodansyl cadaverine, a kind of primary amines, was 0.33 mm, while the other enzymes had km values of 0.01-0.0 ... | 1997 | 9440224 |
| the regiospecific hydroxylation of lauric acid by rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) cytochrome p450s. | we have reexamined the hydroxylation of [1-14c]-lauric acid by trout liver microsomes and reconstituted trout p450s using a new hplc system that gave an improved separation of hydroxylauric acids. under these conditions, hepatic microsomes from yearling juvenile trout were shown to form omega-, (omega-1)-, (omega-2)-, (omega-3)-, (omega-4)-, (omega-5)-, and (omega-6)-oh lauric acid oxidation products (12-oh, 11-oh, 10-oh, 9-oh, 8-oh, 7-oh, and 6-oh lauric acid, respectively) as verified by gc/ms ... | 1997 | 9321521 |
| structure of a fish (oncorhynchus mykiss) vitellogenin gene and its evolutionary implication. | in this paper we describe the first complete structure of a fish vitellogenin gene. a 22 kb genomic region from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) was cloned and analysed. this region was shown to contain two tandemly arranged vitellogenin genes. both genes are 98.7% similar, indicating that they result from a recent local duplication. the complete sequence encoding one of the two genes was determined and the gene organization was established. the gene is 10.3 kb long and has 34 exons, it lacks ... | 1997 | 9332360 |
| production of putative virulence factors by renibacterium salmoninarum grown in cell culture. | a cell culture system, employing the fish cell line epithelioma papillosum cyprini (epc), was developed to study the synthesis of intracellular antigen and the expression of putative virulence factors by renibacterium salmoninarum. epc cultures infected with r. salmoninarum could be maintained for 7 weeks, during which the pathogen multiplied intracellularly. immunohistochemical examination of infected cultures revealed the production of the p57 antigen, haemolysin and cytolysin. the intracellul ... | 1997 | 9353936 |
| cortisol inhibits glycosaminoglycan synthesis in cultured rainbow trout cartilage. | in vitro actions of corticosteroids (cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone) as well as interaction between cortisol and triiodothyronine (t3) or recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-i (rhigf-i) on cartilage glycosaminoglycan (gag) synthesis in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined. uptake of [35s]sulfate by isolated branchial cartilage was measured as a marker for gag synthesis. in vitro exposure of cartilage to cortisol at concentrations of 10, 100, and 1 ... | 1997 | 9378276 |
| inhibitory guanine-nucleotide-binding-regulatory protein alpha subunits in medaka (oryzias latipes) oocytes--cdna cloning and decreased expression of proteins during oocyte maturation. | we have previously shown that pertussis-toxin-sensitive inhibitory guanine-nucleotide-binding-regulatory proteins (g proteins) are involved in the signal transduction of steroidal maturation-inducing hormone (mih) of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) oocytes, 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17alpha,20beta-dp) [yoshikuni, m. & nagahama, y. (1994) dev. biol. 166, 615-622]. in this study, we obtained five different cdna fragments of g protein alpha subunits from medaka (oryzias latipes) ... | 1997 | 9395335 |
| adrenocortical and adrenomedullary homologs in eight species of adult and developing teleosts: morphology, histology, and immunohistochemistry. | morphology, histology, and immunohistochemistry of the adrenocortical and adrenomedullary homologs (adrenal glands) of the following developing and adult teleosts were examined: salmoniformes-oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), salmo trutta fario (brown trout), coregonus lavaretus (white fish); cyprinodontiformes-gambusia affinis (mosquito fish). perciformes-dicentrarchus labrax (sea bass), sparus aurata (sea bream), diplodus sargus (white bream), oblada melanura (saddled bream). the anatomical ... | 1997 | 9405124 |
| molecular characterisation of ovarian cathepsin d in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | in fish, cathepsin d, an aspartyl protease, is believed to mediate the processing of yolk proteins in the oocyte. cathepsin d, therefore, is vital for the production of a viable egg. this study set out to isolate and sequence the cdna encoding cathepsin d, and to determine the developmental expression of the message in the ovary and subsequently during embryogenesis in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. the full-length trout cathepsin d cdna is 1847 base pairs (bp) long, encoding a protein ... | 1997 | 9409770 |
| production of triploid transgenic zebrafish, brachydanio rerio (hamilton). | eggs of zebrafish brachydanio rerio were heat-shocked just after fertilisation to induce triploidy and subsequently subjected to microinjection with the linear recombinant plasmid containing the rous sarcoma virus-long terminal repeat (rsv-ltr) promoter linked to the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) growth hormone (gh)cdna(prsvrtgh). slot and southern analyses showed the extra chromosomal transfer of prsvrtgh. expression of prsvrtgh was detected in the triploid transformants by rna slot, nort ... | 1997 | 9567756 |
| calcium oscillations in a subpopulation of s-antigen-immunoreactive pinealocytes of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | by means of the fura-2 technique and image analysis the intracellular concentration of free calcium ions [ca2+]i was examined in isolated rainbow trout pinealocytes identified by s-antigen immunocytochemistry. approximately 30% of the pinealocytes exhibited spontaneous [ca2+]i oscillations whose frequency differed from cell to cell. neither illumination with bright light nor dark adaptation of the cells had an apparent effect on the oscillations. removal of extracellular ca2+ or application of 1 ... | 1997 | 9030414 |
| effect of gonadal steroid hormones on plasma growth hormone concentrations in sexually immature rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | in the present study we investigated the effects of gonadal steroid hormones on plasma growth hormone (gh), triiodothyronine (t3), and thyroxine (t4) levels in steroid-primed sexually immature rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, in order to determine whether changes in plasma gh and thyroid hormone levels during sexual maturation are a result of elevated gonadal steroid levels or are an altered condition associated with reproduction (as proposed by sumpter et al., 1991b). we found no significant ... | 1997 | 9038257 |
| effects of extracellular calcium concentrations and calcium antagonists on vitellogenin induction by estradiol-17 beta in primary hepatocyte culture in the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | the involvement of calcium in vitellogenin (vg) synthesis in response to estradiol-17 beta (e2, 2 x 10(-6) m) was electrophoretically examined in primary hepatocyte culture in the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. the relative rate of vg synthesis was evaluated by measuring the integrated optical density of the vg band after sds-page and expressed as a percentage of vg to total proteins. the induction of vg by e2 did not occur at 0 meq ca/liter, while some proteins other than vg (main subunit) ... | 1997 | 9073491 |
| the toxic and accumulative effects of short-term exposure to cadmium in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | groups of 20 trout (oncorynchus mykiss) were exposed for 3-w periods to different subacute oral doses of cl2cd (0.01, 0.025 or 0.05 microgram cd/ml). cadmium toxicity and accumulation were studied in kidney, liver, gills, muscle and brain weekly. cadmium determination was carried out using atomic absorption spectrocopy (aas) with graphite furnace. after 21 d exposure, cadmium concentrations increased significantly. in all tissues studied except muscle and brain. cadmium storage presented the fol ... | 1997 | 9080631 |
| organochlorine pesticide residues in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, taken from four fish farms in león, spain. | 1997 | 9115143 | |
| biochemical characterization of microcystin toxicity in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the kinetics and biochemical effects of microcystins in rainbow trout were studied with freeze-dried toxic cells of microcystis aeruginosa, strain pcc 7806. following in vivo exposure the changes in liver histology were observed over a 72 hr period and the absorption of microcystins from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood and liver, as well as the inhibition of hepatic protein phosphatase 1 and 2a activities, were recorded using the protein phosphatase inhibition assay. the interaction be ... | 1997 | 9133713 |
| the neuronal system of the saccus vasculosus of trout (salmo trutta fario and oncorhynchus mykiss): an immunocytochemical and nerve tracing study. | the neuronal system of the saccus vasculosus of two species of trout was studied with immunocytochemical methods and carboindocyanine-dye (dii) tract-tracing. the cerebrospinal-fluid-contacting neurons of the saccus were immunoreactive for gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba), glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad), and neuropeptide y (npy). immunostaining of alternate sections of the saccus vasculosus of fry with anti-gad and anti-npy indicated that these substances were colocalized. the tractus sacci vas ... | 1997 | 9134862 |
| cloning of the p53 tumor suppressor gene from the japanese medaka (oryzias latipes) and evaluation of mutational hotspots in mnng-exposed fish. | a full-length cdna clone of the medaka (oryzias latipes) p53 tumor suppressor gene was isolated from a cdna library from adult liver tissue, sequenced and characterized. sequence analysis revealed a high degree of homology between putative functional domains of medaka p53 and p53 genes from other vertebrate taxa including rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), frog (xenopus laevis), chicken (gallus gallus), rat (rattus norvegicus), mouse (mus musculus), hamster (mesocricetus auratus), green monkey ... | 1997 | 9161419 |
| immunohistochemical detection of vhs virus in paraffin-embedded specimens of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss): the influence of primary antibody, fixative, and antigen unmasking on method sensitivity. | the influence of the primary antibody, the fixative, and the antigen unmasking technique on the method sensitivity of immunohistochemistry as a method for the identification of viral hemorrhagic septicemia (vhs) virus in paraffin-embedded specimens of naturally infected rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) was examined. fish (200-300 g) were collected during an outbreak of vhs. parallel specimens from liver, spleen, kidney, and brain were fixed by immersion in 10% phosphate-buffered formalin, per ... | 1997 | 9163887 |
| development of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (tr-fia) for testosterone: measurement of serum testosterone concentrations after testosterone treatment in the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | a sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (tr-fia) for testosterone was developed, and the assay system was used for measuring serum testosterone concentrations in rainbow trout. testosterone-3-(o-carboxymethyl)oxime-bovine serum albumin (t-3-cmo-bsa) was immobilized by physical adsorption to the wells of microtiter plates. a competitive assay using two antibodies was performed among t-3-cmo-bsa in the solid-phase, unknown amounts of testosterone, testosterone antibodies, and europium labeled ... | 1997 | 9169114 |
| cloning of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) mx2 and mx3 cdnas and characterization of trout mx protein expression in salmon cells. | two rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) mx cdnas were cloned by using race (rapid amplification of cdna ends) pcr and were designated rbtmx2 and rbtmx3. the deduced rbtmx2 and rbtmx3 proteins were 636 and 623 amino acids in length with molecular masses of 72 and 70.8 kda, respectively. these proteins, along with the previously described rbtmx1 protein (g. d. trobridge and j. a. leong, j. interferon cytokine res. 15:691-702, 1995), have between 88.7 and 96.6% identity at the amino acid level. all ... | 1997 | 9188599 |
| individual diurnal plasma profiles of thyroid hormones in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) in relation to cortisol, growth hormone, and growth rate. | in order to characterize the individual diurnal plasma profiles of triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), blood samples from 41 fish were taken every hour during a 24-hr period, through a catheter inserted into the dorsal aorta. the possible influences of day-night alternation, sex, and diet (feed intake, time of meals) on thyroid hormone (th) profiles were analyzed. the existence of relations between diurnal plasma profiles of t3, t4, t3/t4 ratio, and t ... | 1997 | 9208307 |
| glucuronidation of thyroxine and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine by hepatic microsomes in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | we studied the glucuronidation of thyroxine (t4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (t3) in the hepatic microsomal fraction of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase (udpgt) activity toward t4 depended on both protein concentration (linear up to about 0.75 mg/ml) and time (linear up to 60 min). the optimal ph for glucuronidation was 6.8-7.8 units for t4 and > or = 8.5 units for t3. at a common ph of 7.8, the apparent km and vmax values were, respectively, 6.0 mum ... | 1997 | 9214721 |
| cyp4t1--a cytochrome p450 expressed in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) liver. | total rna isolated from a rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) liver was subjected to rt/pcr using degenerate primers designed from homologous regions amongst cytochrome p450 cyp4 proteins. pcr amplification resulted in a single electrophoretic band which was excised, purified and sequenced directly, using cycle sequencing. the deduced protein sequence demonstrated the closest amino acid identity to rabbit cyp4b1 (54.6%) and rat cyp4b2 (55.4%). phylogenic analysis of this sequence was found to be ... | 1997 | 9240430 |
| effects of 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one on cortisol production by rainbow trout interrenal tissue in vitro. | physiological levels of 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17, 20-p) stimulated time- and dose-dependent increases in cortisol production by rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) interrenal tissue cultured in vitro. significant stimulation occurred in response to 100, 300, and 1000 ng/ml of 17,20-p. lower doses were ineffective. elevated cortisol levels were observed 1 hr after addition of 300 ng/ml 17,20-p. no additive or synergistic interaction was evident between human adrenocorticotropi ... | 1997 | 9245525 |
| oral immunization of rainbow trout with antigen microencapsulated in poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles. | the model protein antigen, human gamma globulin (hgg) was microencapsulated in poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles and administered orally to rainbow trout. oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum, 1792). using a western blotting technique it was demonstrated that the dynamics of passage through the gut were different for the microencapsulated and soluble antigen. the association of hgg with microparticles increased the retention time of the antigen in the stomach and delayed its entry into the in ... | 1997 | 9269049 |
| immunization with viral antigens: infectious pancreatic necrosis. | clinical ipn has traditionally been observed in brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). however, during the past 10 years outbreaks of ipn have been reported frequently in farmed atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) in norway. acute ipn with high mortality is observed in fry at start feeding and in smolt in the first six months after transfer to seawater. today ipn is the most important infectious disease in norway in farmed fish, giving economic losses of about ... | 1997 | 9270848 |
| vibrio damsela associated with diseased fish in denmark. | a total of 26 vibrio damsela strains were isolated in denmark. fifteen strains were isolated from the head kidney of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) in aquaculture, eight were from organs of two stingrays (dasyatis pastinaca) held in captivity, two were from organs and pathological material of a nurse shark (orectolobus ornatus) held in captivity, and one was from the water in the aquarium where the rays and shark were kept. this is the first report on the isolation of v. damsela in denmark ... | 1997 | 9293023 |
| a new natriuretic peptide isolated from cardiac atria of trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (anp and bnp, respectively) are two cardiac natriuretic peptides (nps) found in tetrapods from amphibians to mammals, whereas anp and ventricular np (vnp) have been identified in eel hearts. because vnp has also been found in the rainbow trout ventricle, we attempted to isolate np from trout cardiac atria in order to determine whether anp and vnp are common cardiac nps in teleosts. in the present experiments, we isolated vnp and a novel atrial np consisting ... | 1997 | 9315723 |
| analysis of vh gene diversity in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss): both nonsynonymous and synonymous nucleotide changes are more frequent in cdrs than in frs. | forty-six immunoglobulin vh gene sequences of rainbow trout were compiled to analyze the extent of variations and the frequency of nucleotide changes in cdrs and frs. the results show that the frequency of nonsynonymous (amino acid replacing) changes (ka) are on average 4.9 times higher in complementarity determining regions (cdrs) than in frs, thus contributing more diversity in cdrs. unexpectedly, however, the frequency of synonymous (silent) changes (ks) show the same tendency: it was 5.3 tim ... | 1997 | 8995187 |
| extracellular carbonic anhydrase and an acid-base disequilibrium in the blood of the dogfish squalus acanthias | the electrometric [delta]ph method and an in vitro radioisotopic hco3- dehydration assay were used to demonstrate the presence of true extracellular carbonic anhydrase (ca) activity in the blood of the pacific spiny dogfish squalus acanthias. an extracorporeal circulation and stopflow technique were then used to characterise the acid­base disequilibrium in the arterial (postbranchial) blood. during the stopflow period, arterial ph (pha) decreased by 0.028±0.003 units (mean ± s. ... | 1997 | 9317577 |
| purification and partial characterization of 76 kda transglutaminase in the egg envelope (chorion) of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | transglutaminase (tgase), responsible for crosslinking between proteins, is known to be localized exclusively in the egg envelope (chorion) of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, and probably participates in the post-fertilization chorion hardening. we purified the tgase from unfertilized egg chorions by sequential chromatography using sp-sepharose, q-sepharose, and tsk-gel g3000swxl columns. the purified enzyme was a monomeric protein having the molecular mass of 76 kda. it promoted incorporati ... | 1997 | 9443809 |
| rodlet cells in the epidermis of fish exposed to stressors. | rodlet cells (rc) were detected in the epidermis of carp (cyprinus carpio) and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to stressors (e.g. acid water, heavy metals, thermal elevation, polluted water of the rhine river, water loaded with organic manure, and distilled water), as well as after wounding. these cells were not found in the epidermis of fish kept under control conditions, thus suggesting that the appearance of rc in the epidermis is stressor-related. immature rc, resembling mucous cells, we ... | 1997 | 18627825 |
| cardiovascular effects of arginine vasotocin in the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | the physiological functions of the neurohypophyseal hormone arginine vasotocin (avt) in teleosts are not clear. in the present studies, the sites and mechanisms of action of avt on the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss cardiovascular system were examined in unanesthetized instrumented fish, perfused organs and isolated vessels. injection of avt (1, 10 or 100 pmol kg-1 body mass) into trout with dorsal aortic cannulas produced a modest, but dose-dependent, increase in dorsal aortic pressure (pda) ... | 1997 | 9344967 |
| cloning and characterization of transferrin cdna and rapid detection of transferrin gene polymorphism in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | a cdna clone of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) transferrin was obtained from a liver cdna library. the 2537-bp cdna sequence contained an open reading frame encoding 691 amino acids and the 5' and 3' noncoding regions. the amino acid sequences at the iron-binding sites and the two n-linked glycosylation sites, and the cysteine residues were consistent with known, conserved vertebrate transferrin cdna sequences. single n-linked glycosylation sites existed on the n- and c-lobe. the deduced am ... | 1997 | 9418291 |
| vasoconstrictive effects of native tachykinins in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | the role of trout substance p (tsp) and neurokinin a (tnka) in cardiovascular regulation was investigated in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, in vivo and in vitro. in vivo, the coeliac arterial and ventral aortic relative blood flows were measured with doppler flow probes, and blood pressure was measured via a cannula inserted into the dorsal aorta. tsp (0.1 and 1 nmol kg-1) and tnka (1 nmol kg-1) increased both systemic and coeliac vascular resistances, leading to hypertension and bradyc ... | 1996 | 8822508 |
| immunochemical relationships of cytochrome p4503a-like proteins in teleost fish. | multiple p450 proteins have been purified from several teleost species, including rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), scup (stenotomus chrysops) and atlantic cod (gadus morhua). identity, relationships and/or functions have been established in these fish species for the cytochrome p4501 as. information about the structure, function, regulation and relationships of other piscine cytochrome p450 (cyp) proteins is sparse. in the present study we have focused on constitutively expressed cyp forms, ... | 1996 | 24194251 |
| cardiovascular actions of trout urotensin ii in the conscious trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | the central and peripheral cardiovascular effects of synthetic trout urotensin ii (uii) were investigated in the conscious rainbow trout. intracerebroventricular injection of 50 pmol uii produced a slight (3%) but significant (p < 0.05) increase in heart rate but had no effect on mean arterial blood pressure. injection of 500 pmol uii icv produced a significant (p < 0.05) rise (8%) in blood pressure with no change in heart rate. in contrast to the weak pressor effect of centrally administered ui ... | 1996 | 8945972 |
| modulation of catecholamine storage and release by the pituitary-interrenal axis in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | this study examined the effects of pituitary-interrenal hormones on catecholamine storage and release in the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. an extract of trout pituitary elicited the release of adrenaline, but not noradrenaline, using an in situ perfusion preparation. a variety of doses of adrenocorticotropic hormone (2-2000 mu) caused the release of both catecholamines in situ which was unaffected by pre-treatment with the ganglion blocker, hexamethonium, or the serotonergic receptor antago ... | 1996 | 8882512 |
| isolation and cardiovascular activity of a second bradykinin-related peptide ([arg0, trp5, leu8]bradykinin) from trout. | previous work has shown that incubation of heat-denatured plasma from the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss with porcine pancreatic kallikrein generates [lys0, trp5, leu8]bradykinin (trout [lys0]bk). we have now isolated a second bk-related peptide from kallikrein-treated trout plasma with the primary structure: arg-arg-pro-gly-trp-ser-pro-leu-arg (trout [arg0]bk). bolus injections of both trout [arg0]bk and [lys0]bk (> 100 pmol/kg) into the dorsal aorta of conscious trout produced multiphasic e ... | 1996 | 8735984 |
| effect of growth hormone on muscle protein synthesis in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and atlantic salmon (salmo salar). | this paper reports on the effect of administration of mammalian growth hormone (gh) on muscle protein synthesis as measured in white muscle using the phenylalanine flooding technique. the effect of exogenous gh was compared with that of insulin and prolactin, and with endogenous gh.the rate of protein synthesis in white muscle of rainbow trout 6 h after the injection of bovine gh or bovine insulin was twice (2.6 and 2.9% d(-1)) that of the control saline-injected fish (1.2% d(-1)). a metabolic e ... | 1996 | 24193988 |
| effect of chemical anoxia on protein kinase c and na+, k+-atpase in hepatocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) | protein kinase c (pkc) and na+/k+-atpase in hepatocytes from the anoxia-tolerant goldfish (carassius auratus) and the anoxia-intolerant rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were studied to determine their role in the anoxic response of these cells. pkc and na+/k+-atpase activities were measured for up to 90 min in the absence (normoxia) and presence (chemical anoxia) of 2 mmol l-1 sodium cyanide. pkc activity of normoxic cells from both species remained constant for the entire experimental period ... | 1996 | 9319415 |
| endogenous antioxidant systems of two teleost fish, the rainbow trout and the black bullhead, and the effect of age. | antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione status were determined in different tissues of two teleost species, the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and the black bullhead (ameiurus melas) to establish whether age-related changes exist between mature and immature individuals. glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly lower in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues of 3+ year than 1+ year trout and bullheads. activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glu ... | 1996 | 24194254 |
| the erythrocyte na+/h+ exchangers of eel (anguilla anguilla) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss): a comparative study | trout and eel red blood cell na+/h+ exchangers show widely different regulatory properties. catecholamines, cyclic amp and phorbol esters, which activate the trout red cell antiporter, do not affect the eel exchanger. unlike the trout red cell exchanger, the eel red cell exchanger is strongly activated by cell shrinkage, allowing a remarkable cell volume recovery. these different regulatory properties probably indicate the existence of different isoforms of the exchangers in nucleated erythrocyt ... | 1996 | 9318046 |
| [new details of the life cycle of myxobolus cerebralis according to the literature]. | the article comprises new details of the life cycle of myxobolus cerebralis, the parasite of the skeleton of salmonids. although this species has been known since 1903, its complete life cycle has remained unknown till now or it has comprised mistaken details. recently el matbouli et al. (1995) have described the life cycle of this parasite with numerous new data. m. cerebralis provokes in salmonids (especially in rainbow trouts) the whirling disease and heavy economical losses. therefore the ar ... | 1996 | 9012131 |
| immunisation of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss with a multiple antigen peptide system (maps). | to test the effectiveness of a multiple antigen peptide system (maps) as a method of vaccinating fish against peptides, rainbow trout were immunised with two maps containing the decapeptide gnrh. the first (maps 1) was homologous for gnrh, whereas the second (maps 2) was heterologous and contained alternating sequences of gnrh and a measles virus t cell epitope. following vaccination with varying concentrations of the maps, serum antibody titres were monitored for 10 weeks. only maps administere ... | 1996 | 9014321 |
| production of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-ii in the development of a radioimmunoassay in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) insulin-like growth factor-ii (igf-ii) cdna was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cloned into an expression vector (parhs3) for production by escherichia coli. recombinant rainbow trout igf-ii (rtigf-ii) was recovered from bacterial inclusion bodies, solubilized, and purified by gel filtration chromatography under reducing conditions. after refolding of the peptide by dialysis at basic ph, we obtained a final yield of 820 microgr ... | 1996 | 8930606 |
| isolation and expression of cdnas from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) that encode two novel basic helix-loop-helix/per-arnt-sim (bhlh/pas) proteins with distinct functions in the presence of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. evidence for alternative mrna splicing and dominant negative activity in the bhlh/pas family. | cdnas encoding two distinct basic helix-loop-helix/per-arnt-sim (bhlh/pas) proteins with similarity to the mammalian aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator (arnt) protein were isolated from rtg-2 rainbow trout gonad cells. the deduced proteins, termed rtarnta and rtarntb, are identical over the first 533 amino acids and contain a basic helix-loop-helix domain that is 100% identical to human arnt. rtarnta and rtarntb differ in their cooh-terminal domains due to the presence of an additional 373 ba ... | 1996 | 8940073 |
| antigenic characterization of the salmonid pathogen piscirickettsia salmonis. | piscirickettsia salmonis, the etiological agent of salmonid rickettsial septicemia, was purified from infected immortal chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha) embryo cells by a combination of differential and percoll density gradient centrifugation. immune sera from rabbits immunized with purified whole cells of p. salmonis reacted with four protein antigens and two carbohydrate antigens with relative molecular sizes of 65, 60, 54, 51, 16, and approximately 11 kda, respectively. the carbohydr ... | 1996 | 8945567 |
| in vitro studies on the regulation of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) macrophage respiratory burst activity. | modulation of the respiratory burst activity of head kidney macrophages isolated from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) was observed following treatment with several biologically active substances. macrophage-activating factor (maf) induced the highest increment if respiratory burst activity relative to treatment with lipopolysaccharide (lps), tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha) or beta-glucans from saccharomyces cerevisiae. increased responses were more evident when these molecules were c ... | 1996 | 8955595 |
| in the trout, crh and avt synergize to stimulate acth release. | anterior pituitaries of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were incubated with graded concentrations of arginine vasotocin (avt) or synthetic rat corticotrophin-releasing hormone (rcrh-41), alone or in combination, and the acth secreted into the medium was measured by a sensitive cytochemical bioassay. the aim was to determine the relative potencies of the two secretogogues and whether, in this fish species, they act synergistically. rat crf-41 and avt both produced concentration-dependent ... | 1996 | 8988522 |
| transmission experiments to determine the relationship between sphaerospora sp. from atlantic salmon, salmo salar, and sphaerospora truttae: a revised species description for s. truttae. | extrasporogonic stages of sphaerospora sp. from the kidneys of atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) were successfully transmitted via intra-peritoneal injection to naive atlantic salmon and brown trout (salmo trutta l.). rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum) could not be infected in this way. transmitted extrasporogonic stages continued their development to form sporogonic stages and mature spores in the kidney tubules. extrasporogonic stages, sporogonic stages and mature spores of the parasit ... | 1996 | 8991868 |
| the thromboxane mimetic, u-46619, induces the aggregation of fish thrombocytes. | fish blood contains nucleated cells termed thrombocytes which are thought to be functionally analogous to mammalian platelets. the present study was undertaken to assess the aggregatory response of peripheral blood thrombocytes from the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. incubation of percoll density gradient purified thrombocytes with the thromboxane a2 mimetic, u-46619 (0.03-10 microm), alone or in the presence of human or trout fibrinogen, elicited a dose-dependent aggregatory response. a gr ... | 1996 | 8562396 |
| immunolocalization of na+, k+-atpase in the gill epithelium of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | the na+,k+-atpase (the sodium pump) plays a crucial role in ion transport in the fish gill. an immunocytochemical method has been optimized, using the mouse monoclonal antibody igg alpha5, raised against the alpha subunit of the avian sodium pump, to localize na+,k+-atpase in fish gill cells. the method appears to be successful for the immunolocalization of na+,k+-atpase in both paraffin-embedded gill tissue sections and primary cultures of fish gill epithelial cells. the immunostaining has demo ... | 1996 | 8593675 |
| identification of four ovarian receptor proteins that bind vitellogenin but not other homologous plasma lipoproteins in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | membrane proteins from ovarian follicles, testis and somatic tissues of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, were extracted by ultracentrifugation, separated on sodium dodecyl sulphate gels and isolated on polyvinyl difluoride membranes. vitellogenin receptor proteins were visualized using protein staining and hybridisation with 125i-vitellogenin. four follicle-membrane proteins, with molecular masses of 220, 210, 110 and 100 kda, showed a strong affinity for vitellogenin and were specific to the ... | 1996 | 8621837 |
| assignment of the tp53 orthologue to a new linkage group (lg xiv) in fish of the genus xiphophorus (teleostei: poeciliidae). | using a p53 encoding cdna fragment of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) as probe, a lambda clone from a platyfish (xiphophorus maculatus) genomic library was isolated. dna sequencing of the insert from this clone revealed that it contained the highly conserved domains iv and v of the p53 polypeptide. to map the xiphophorus p53 gene, joint segregation analysis of the inheritance of a psti-generated dna restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and the inheritance of 36 polymorphic protein ... | 1996 | 8640724 |
| effects of flavonoids on aromatase activity, an in vitro study. | in the study, the inhibitory effect of flavonoids, including isoflavonic phytoestrogens, on the ovarian aromatase enzyme complex from the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, was assessed in vitro. some of the compounds tested on fish were also tested on human placental aromatase activity as a comparison between the two sources of enzyme. it was found that flavone, dl-aminoglutethimide, apigenin, quercetin, 7,4'- dihydroxyflavone, alpha-naphthoflavone and equol were potent inhibitors of the ovari ... | 1996 | 8645631 |
| prevalence of listeria monocytogenes and other listeria spp.in smoked and 'gravad' fish. | altogether 150 samples of vacuum-packed fish were examined for the presence of listeria species. listeria monocytogenes were isolated from 12 of 58 'gravad' fish samples, 3 of 26 cold-smoked and one of 66 hot-smoked fish samples. ten of these 16 positive samples harboured more than 100 l. monocytogenes cfu/g. the highest level (132,000) was found in a sample of hot-smoked rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). serogroup 1/2 was most frequently found, followed by 4 and 3. one sample of gravad rainb ... | 1996 | 8659342 |