Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| how does competition among wild type mosquitoes influence the performance of aedes aegypti and dissemination of wolbachia pipientis? | wolbachia has been deployed in several countries to reduce transmission of dengue, zika and chikungunya viruses. during releases, wolbachia-infected females are likely to lay their eggs in local available breeding sites, which might already be colonized by local aedes sp. mosquitoes. therefore, there is an urgent need to estimate the deleterious effects of intra and interspecific larval competition on mosquito life history traits, especially on the duration of larval development time, larval mor ... | 2017 | 28991902 |
| comparative efficacy of commercial mosquito coils against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in malaysia: a nationwide report. | this study was conducted using the glass chamber method to determine the susceptibility status of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti (l.) from 11 states in malaysia to commercial mosquito coils containing four different active ingredients, namely metofluthrin, d-allethrin, d-trans allethrin, and prallethrin. aedes aegypti exhibited various knockdown rates, ranging from 14.44% to 100.00%, 0.00% to 61.67%, 0.00% to 90.00%, and 0.00% to 13.33% for metofluthrin, d-allethrin, d-trans allethrin, and pra ... | 2017 | 29048583 |
| evaluation of embryotoxic and embryostatic effects of the aqueous extract of rhizophora mangle and tannic acid on eggs and larvae of aedes aegypti. | rhizophora mangle is an abundant plant in mangroves and tannic acid is a polyphenol produced by the secondary metabolism of plants. the aim of the study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and embriostatic effects of the aqueous extract of r. mangle and synthetic tannic acid on eggs and larvae of aedes aegypti. a. aegypti eggs were exposed in duplicate at concentrations of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 µg/ml of extract and tannic acid for a period of 14 days. mineral water was used as a negative control. t ... | 2017 | 29044325 |
| using phage display technology to obtain crybodies active against non-target insects. | the insecticidal cry toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are increasingly important in the biological control of insect pests and vectors of human disease. markets for bt products and transgenic plants expressing their toxins are driven by their specificity, safety and the move away from chemical control agents. however, the high specificity of cry toxins can also prove to be a limitation when there is no known cry toxin active against a particular target. novel activities can be disc ... | 2017 | 29097681 |
| efficiency of two larval diets for mass-rearing of the mosquito aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti is a major vector of arboviruses that may be controlled on an area-wide basis using the sterile insect technique (sit). larval diet is a major factor in mass-rearing for sit programs. we compared dietary effects on immature development and adult fitness-related characteristics for an international atomic energy agency (iaea) diet, developed for rearing ae. albopictus, and a standardized laboratory rodent diet (lrd), under a 14:10 h (light:dark) photoperiod ("light" treatment) or co ... | 2017 | 29095933 |
| incidence of dengue and chikungunya viruses in mosquitoes and human patients in border provinces of vietnam. | dengue virus remains a major threat in vietnam, while chikungunya virus is expected to become one. surveillance was conducted from 2012 to 2014 in vietnam to assess the presence of dengue and chikungunya viruses in patients hospitalized with acute fever in five vietnam provinces neighboring lao pdr and cambodia. surveillance was extended to mosquitoes present in the vicinity of the patients' households. | 2017 | 29121985 |
| the impact of temperature and wolbachia infection on vector competence of potential dengue vectors aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in the transmission of dengue virus serotype 1 in southern taiwan. | we evaluated the impact of temperature and wolbachia infection on vector competence of the local aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus populations of southern taiwan in the laboratory. | 2017 | 29116011 |
| assessment of achyranthes aspera induced toxicity and molecular analysis of rapd-pcr profiles of larval genomic dna of aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | current studies investigated the anti-mosquito potential of achyranthes aspera against the dengue vector, aedes aegypti. the stems and leaves of a. aspera were extracted in hexane and evaluated for their toxicity against early fourth instars of a. aegypti. the larvicidal efficacy of the extract was validated as per who protocol. the mortality counts were made after 24 h and lc values were calculated at different levels. the adverse impact of extracts was also explored on the larval genomic dna. ... | 2017 | 29114143 |
| a blood meal enhances innexin mrna expression in the midgut, malpighian tubules, and ovaries of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. | mosquitoes are vectors of pathogens that cause diseases of medical and veterinary importance. female mosquitoes transmit these pathogens while taking a blood meal, which most species require to produce eggs. the period after a blood meal is a time of extreme physiological change that requires rapid coordination of specific tissues. gap junctions (gj) are intercellular channels that aid in the coordination of cells within tissues via the direct transfer of certain small molecules and ions between ... | 2017 | 29113099 |
| aedes aegypti molecular responses to zika virus: modulation of infection by the toll and jak/stat immune pathways and virus host factors. | zika (zikv) and dengue virus (denv) are transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes. however, the molecular interactions between the vector and zikv remain largely unexplored. in this work, we further investigated the tropism of zikv in two different aedes aegypti strains and show that the virus infection kinetics, tissue migration, and susceptibility to infection differ between mosquito strains. we also compare the vector transcriptome changes upon zikv or denv infection demonstrating that 40% of ... | 2017 | 29109710 |
| surveillance of intensity level and geographical spreading of dengue outbreak among males and females in punjab, pakistan: a case study of 2011. | dengue fever is viral disease which spreads due to the bite of the aedes aegypti mosquito. in recent years, it has affected around 40% population of the world. its endemic flow has led to a large disease burden, in terms of human and financial resources. | 2017 | 29103928 |
| functional analysis of glycosylation of zika virus envelope protein. | zika virus (zikv) infection causes devastating congenital abnormities and guillain-barré syndrome. the zikv envelope (e) protein is responsible for viral entry and represents a major determinant for viral pathogenesis. like other flaviviruses, the zikv e protein is glycosylated at amino acid n154. to study the function of e glycosylation, we generated a recombinant n154q zikv that lacks the e glycosylation and analyzed the mutant virus in mammalian and mosquito hosts. in mouse models, the mutant ... | 2017 | 29091758 |
| darker eggs of mosquitoes resist more to dry conditions: melanin enhances serosal cuticle contribution in egg resistance to desiccation in aedes, anopheles and culex vectors. | mosquito vectors lay their white eggs in the aquatic milieu. during early embryogenesis water passes freely through the transparent eggshell, which at this moment is composed of exochorion and endochorion. within two hours the endochorion darkens via melanization but even so eggs shrink and perish if removed from moisture. however, during mid-embryogenesis, cells of the extraembryonic serosa secrete the serosal cuticle, localized right below the endochorion, becoming the third and innermost eggs ... | 2017 | 29084225 |
| assessing the population at risk of zika virus in asia - is the emergency really over? | on november 18, 2016, the who ended its designation of the zika virus (zikv) epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern (pheic). at the same time, zikv transmission continues in asia, with the number of asian countries reporting zika cases increasing over the last 2 years. applying a method that combines epidemiological theory with data on epidemic size and drivers of transmission, we characterised the population at risk of zikv infection from aedes aegypti mosquitoes in 15 c ... | 2017 | 29082009 |
| culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes do not support replication of zika virus. | the rapid spread of zika virus (zikv) in the americas raised many questions about the role of culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in transmission, in addition to the key role played by the vector aedes aegypti. here we analysed the competence of cx. quinquefasciatus (with or without wolbachia endosymbionts) for a zikv isolate. we also examined the induction of rna interference pathways after viral challenge and the production of small virus-derived rnas. we did not observe any infection nor such s ... | 2017 | 29076805 |
| voltage-sensitive sodium channel mutations s989p + v1016g in aedes aegypti confer variable resistance to pyrethroids, ddt and oxadiazines. | aedes aegypti is a vector of several important human pathogens. control efforts rely primarily on pyrethroid insecticides for adult mosquito control, especially during disease outbreaks. a. aegypti has developed resistance nearly everywhere it occurs and insecticides are used. an important mechanism of resistance is due to mutations in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (vssc) gene. two mutations, in particular, s989p + v1016g, commonly occur together in parts of asia. | 2017 | 29064635 |
| asymmetrical competition between aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) coexisting in breeding sites. | aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus are mosquito vectors for several tropical diseases that represent a current public health problem. the ecological requirements for each species are different, however, both species show high biological adaptability, which promotes their coexistence in the same breeding sites. the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of larval association between ae. aegypti and cx. quinquefasciatus under different laboratory conditions of food supply and tempera ... | 2017 | 29064390 |
| assessment of the insecticidal activity of afoxolaner against aedes aegypti in dogs treated with nexgard®. | twelve healthy dogs were studied in this parallel group, blinded, randomised, and negative controlled efficacy study. on day -1, the 12 dogs included were ranked within sex in descending order of individual pre-treatment (day -5) fed mosquito counts and randomly allocated by blocks of two dogs to the untreated control group or the afoxolaner-treated group. nexgard® (merial, now part of boehringer ingelheim animal health) was administered orally on day 0 in accordance with the european label inst ... | 2017 | 29063828 |
| synthesis and chemometrics of thymol and carvacrol derivatives as larvicides against aedes aegypti. | thymol and carvacrol have previously demonstrated larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). in view of this fact, it was of our interest to obtain synthetic derivatives and evaluate their larvicidal activity on ae. aegypti larvae. | 2017 | 29062856 |
| evaluation of larvicidal activity of essential oil from leaves of coccinia grandis against three mosquito species. | to study the chemical constituents and larvicidal activity of essential oil extracted from the leaves of coccinia grandis against three mosquito species. | 2017 | 29062847 |
| use of a recombinant mosquito densovirus as a gene delivery vector for the functional analysis of genes in mosquito larvae. | in vivo microinjection is the most commonly used gene transfer technique for analyzing the gene functions in individual mosquitoes. however, this method requires a more technically demanding operation and involves complicated procedures, especially when used in larvae due to their small size, relatively thin and fragile cuticle, and high mortality, which limit its application. in contrast, viral vectors for gene delivery have been developed to surmount extracellular and intracellular barriers. t ... | 2017 | 29053694 |
| the diversity, structure, and function of heritable adaptive immunity sequences in the aedes aegypti genome. | the aedes aegypti mosquito transmits arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus. understanding the mechanisms underlying mosquito immunity could provide new tools to control arbovirus spread. insects exploit two different rnai pathways to combat viral and transposon infection: short interfering rnas (sirnas) and piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) [1, 2]. endogenous viral elements (eves) are sequences from non-retroviral viruses that are inserted into the mosquito genome and can act a ... | 2017 | 29129531 |
| biosurfactants produced by scheffersomyces stipitis cultured in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate as new green larvicides for the control of aedes aegypti, a vector of neglected tropical diseases. | biosurfactants are microbial metabolites with possible applications in various industrial sectors that are considered ecofriendly molecules. in recent years, some studies identified these compounds as alternatives for the elimination of vectors of tropical diseases, such as aedes aegypti. the major bottlenecks of biosurfactant industrial production have been the use of conventional raw materials that increase production costs as well as opportunistic or pathogenic bacteria, which restrict the ap ... | 2017 | 29125845 |
| infection of a french population of aedes albopictus and of aedes aegypti (paea strain) with zika virus reveals low transmission rates to these vectors' saliva. | disease caused by the zika virus (zikv) is a public health emergency of international concern. recent epidemics have emerged in different regions of the world and attest to the ability of the virus to spread wherever its vector, aedes species mosquitoes, can be found. we have compared the transmission of zikv by ae. aegypti (paea strain originating from tahiti) and by a french population of ae. albopictus to better assess their competence and the potential risk of the emergence of zikv in europe ... | 2017 | 29125545 |
| evaluation of sticky traps for adult aedes mosquitoes in malaysia: a potential monitoring and surveillance tool for the efficacy of control strategies. | the present study compared the performance of sticky traps in order to identify the most effective and practical trap for capturing aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. three phases were conducted in the study, with phase 1 evaluating the five prototypes (models a, b, c, d, and e) of sticky trap release-and-recapture using two groups of mosquito release numbers (five and 50) that were released in each replicate. similarly, phase 2 compared the performance between model e and the classi ... | 2017 | 29125255 |
| the distribution of mosquitoes across an altitudinal gradient in the galapagos islands. | an avian malaria parasite (genus plasmodium) has been detected consistently in the galapagos penguin (spheniscus mendiculus) and less frequently in some passerines. we sampled three resident mosquito species (aedes taeniorhynchus, culex quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti) using cdc light and gravid traps on three islands in 2012, 2013, and 2014. we sampled along altitudinal gradients to ask whether there are mosquito-free refugia at higher elevations as there are in hawaii. we captured both ae. ... | 2017 | 29125252 |
| ecological characterization of aedes aegypti larval habitats (diptera: culicidae) in artificial water containers in girardot, colombia. | the establishment of habitats for immature ae. aegypti is regulated by biotic and abiotic factors and interactions between these factors. this study aimed to determine the effects of physico-chemical variables and planktonic algae on immature ae. aegypti habitats in 101 water tanks (50 of them containing ae. aegypti pupae and/or larvae) in girardot, colombia. physical data were collected from the water tanks (volume, capacity, material, detritus, and location), along with the physico-chemical va ... | 2017 | 29125250 |
| first record of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in thirteen panhandle region counties of texas, u.s.a. | 2017 | 29125249 | |
| designing ecofriendly bionanocomposite assembly with improved antimicrobial and potent on-site zika virus vector larvicidal activities with its mode of action. | dialyzed natural polymer, fibroin, from bombyx mori was used to synthesize biocompatible silver and gold nanoparticles in-situ in dispersion form. the films of pure fibroin (pf), fibroin-silver nanocomposite (fsnc) and fibroin-gold nanocomposite (fgnc) were fabricated by drop casting method. the characterization of the resultant dispersion and films was performed by visual color change, uv-vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. the dispersions of pf, fsnc and fgnc were tested for antibact ... | 2017 | 29138496 |
| germline cas9 expression yields highly efficient genome engineering in a major worldwide disease vector, aedes aegypti. | the development of crispr/cas9 technologies has dramatically increased the accessibility and efficiency of genome editing in many organisms. in general, in vivo germline expression of cas9 results in substantially higher activity than embryonic injection. however, no transgenic lines expressing cas9 have been developed for the major mosquito disease vector aedes aegypti here, we describe the generation of multiple stable, transgenic ae. aegypti strains expressing cas9 in the germline, resulting ... | 2017 | 29138316 |
| involvement of cecropin b in the formation of the aedes aegypti mosquito cuticle. | in this study, we found a mosquito antimicrobial peptide (amp), aedes aegypti cecropin b (aacec b), was expressed constitutively in pupae. knockdown in the pupae of aacec b using double-stranded rna (dsrna) resulted in high mortality, the emergence of deformed adults and an impairment of pharate adult cuticle formation with fewer lamellae being deposited and the helicoidal pattern of the chitin microfibrils being disorganized. simultaneous injection of aacec b dsrna and aacec b peptide into pupa ... | 2017 | 29180688 |
| a peptide signaling system that rapidly enforces paternity in the aedes aegypti mosquito. | female aedes aegypti mosquitoes typically mate only once with one male in their lifetime, a behavior known as "monandry" [1]. this single mating event provisions the female with sufficient sperm to fertilize the >500 eggs she will produce during her ∼4- to 6-week lifespan in the laboratory [2]. successful mating induces lifetime refractoriness to subsequent insemination by other males, enforcing the paternity of the first male [3-5]. ae. aegypti mate in flight near human hosts [6], and females b ... | 2017 | 29174895 |
| the importance of human population characteristics in modeling aedes aegypti distributions and assessing risk of mosquito-borne infectious diseases. | the mosquito aedes aegypti has long been a vector for human illness in the southeastern united states. in the past, it has been responsible for outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever and, very recently, the zika virus that has been introduced to the region. multiple studies have modeled the geographic distribution of ae. aegypti as a function of climate factors; however, this ignores the importance of humans to the anthropophilic biter. furthermore, ae. aegypti thrives in areas where ... | 2017 | 29167627 |
| determination of the efficiency of diets for larval development in mass rearing aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | larval diet quality and rearing conditions have a direct and irreversible effect on adult traits. therefore, the current study was carried out to optimize the larval diet for mass rearing of aedes aegypti, for sterile insect technique (sit)-based applications in sri lanka. five batches of 750 first instar larvae (l 1) of ae. aegypti were exposed to five different concentrations (2-10%) of international atomic energy agency (iaea) recommended the larval diet. morphological development parameters ... | 2017 | 29166980 |
| biology of two larval morphological phenotypes of aedes aegypti in abidjan, côte d'ivoire. | since 2008, several outbreaks of yellow fever and dengue occurred in abidjan, the economic capital of côte d'ivoire. a better knowledge of the biology of aedes aegypti populations, the main vector of yellow fever and dengue viruses, is necessary to tailor vector control strategies implemented in the city. this study was designed to determine some biological parameters, occurring during the life cycle of two morphological phenotypes of ae. aegypti larvae. mosquitoes were sampled in a suburb of ab ... | 2017 | 29166962 |
| feeding-induced changes in allatostatin-a and short neuropeptide f in the antennal lobes affect odor-mediated host seeking in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti is a model species in which the endogenous regulation of odor-mediated host seeking behavior has received some attention. sugar feeding and host seeking in female a. aegypti are transiently inhibited following a blood meal. this inhibition is partially mediated by short neuropeptide f (snpf). the paired antennal lobes (als), as the first processing centers for olfactory information, has been shown to play a significant role in the neuropeptidergic regulation of odor-mediated behavi ... | 2017 | 29166650 |
| wolbachia infection alters the relative abundance of resident bacteria in adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes, but not larvae. | insect-symbiont interactions are known to play key roles in host functions and fitness. the common insect endosymbiont wolbachia can reduce the ability of several human pathogens, including arboviruses and the malaria parasite, to replicate in insect hosts. wolbachia does not naturally infect aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue virus, but transinfected ae. aegypti have antidengue virus properties and are currently being trialled as a dengue biocontrol strategy. here, we assess the impact ... | 2017 | 29165845 |
| insecticide susceptibility status in mexican populations of stegomyia aegypti (= aedes aegypti): a nationwide assessment. | in mexico, mosquito vector-borne diseases are of public health concern as a result of their impact on human morbidity and mortality. the use of insecticides against adult mosquitoes is one of the most common ways of controlling mosquito population densities. however, the use of these compounds has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance. the aim of this study was to estimate susceptibility to six pyrethroids, two carbamates and two organophosphates in mexican populations of stegomy ... | 2017 | 29165810 |
| larvicidal, histopathological efficacy of penicillium daleae against larvae of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti plus biotoxicity on artemia nauplii a non-target aquatic organism. | mosquitoes can transmit the terrible diseases to human beings. soil-borne fungal products act as potential source for low-cost chemicals, used for developing eco-friendly control agents against mosquito-vector borne diseases. the prime aim of study was to check the larvicidal potential of fungus mycelia (by ethyl acetate solvent) extract from penicillium daleae (kx387370) against culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti and to test the toxicity of brine shrimp artemia nauplii, by observing the p ... | 2017 | 29163159 |
| emergent acoustic order in arrays of mosquitoes. | the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti forms aerial swarms that serve as mating aggregations [1]. despite lacking the remarkable collective order of other animal ensembles, such as fish and birds [2], the kinematic properties of these swarms bear the hallmarks of local interaction and global cohesion [3,4]. however, the mechanisms responsible for collective behaviour in mosquitoes are not well understood. mosquitoes use their antennae as hearing organs to locate and interact with one another vi ... | 2017 | 29161555 |
| dengue virus detection in aedes aegypti larvae and pupae collected in rural areas of anapoima, cundinamarca, colombia. | there is a high incidence and prevalence of dengue in the department of cundinamarca, and recently aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue virus (denv), was detected in some of its rural areas. | 2017 | 29161491 |
| effect of the type and number of washes in the efficacy of long lasting insecticidal nets for aedes aegypti control in girardot, colombia. | the use of long lasting insecticidal materials has shown promising results in the control of aedes aegypti. | 2017 | 29161489 |
| virological surveillance of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti and aedes (stegomyia) albopictus as support for decision making for dengue control in medellín. | dengue represents an important public health problem in colombia. no treatment is available and the vaccine has not been approved in all countries, hence, actions should be strengthened to mitigate its impact through the control of aedes aegypti, the vector mosquito. in colombia, surveillance is done using entomological indexes and case notification, which is usually informed late, leading to untimely interventions. viral detection in urban mosquitoes using molecular techniques provides more acc ... | 2017 | 29161487 |
| aedes albopictus (skuse, 1894) infected with the american-asian genotype of dengue type 2 virus in medellín suggests its possible role as vector of dengue fever in colombia. | aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus are recognized vectors of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika arboviruses in several countries worldwide. in colombia, ae. albopictus geographical distribution has increased to include highly populated cities such as cali and medellín. although this species has been frequently found in urban and semi-urban zones in the country, its role as vector of the dengue fever is poorly known. | 2017 | 29161485 |
| [laboratory susceptibility tests of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus larvae to the entomopathogenic nematode heterorhabditis bacteriophora]. | aedes aegypti is the vector of dengue, yellow fever, zika and chikungunya viruses, and culex quinquefasciatus is the vector of st. louis and west nile encephalitis viruses. | 2017 | 29161479 |
| [spatial distribution of potential and positive aedes aegypti breeding sites]. | the spatial distribution of aedes aegypti is heterogeneous, and the interaction between positive and potential breeding sites located both inside and outside homes is one of the most difficult aspects to characterize in vector control programs. | 2017 | 29161478 |
| [spatial distribution of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in the rural area of two municipalities of cundinamarca, colombia]. | it is difficult to adapt or create new strategies for dengue control in rural areas due to the dispersion of homes and the lack of knowledge about the presence and behavior of the vector in these areas. spatial data analysis could help understand time and space dynamics related to the transmission of vector-borne diseases in rural areas and, thus, contribute to the prevention and control of dengue. | 2017 | 29161476 |
| alternative control of aedes aegypti resistant to pyrethroids: lethal and sublethal effects of monoterpenes bioinsecticides. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is intensely controlled because it is vector of viruses that cause innumerous diseases, especially in tropical regions. due to the indiscriminate use of insecticides, populations from different regions have been resistant to pyrethroids. here, we analyzed the lethal and sublethal effects of essential oil of aristolochia trilobata and its major compounds on a. aegypti from susceptible and pyrethroid resistant populations. | 2017 | 29160036 |
| upregulation of aedes aegypti vago1 by wolbachia and its effect on dengue virus replication. | dengue infection along with its related disease conditions poses a significant threat to human health. the pathogen responsible for this infection is dengue virus (denv) which is primarily transmitted to humans through the bites of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. unavailability of a potent vaccine has recently sparked renewed research endeavours aimed at vector control. to date, wolbachia as an endosymbiotic bacterium has shown promise as a novel biocontrol agent to restrict denv replication in the ve ... | 2017 | 29157676 |
| a call to introduce structured zika surveillance in india. | india has the climatic conditions conducive to year-round transmission of zika virus, and a structured disease surveillance program should be implemented to prevent an outbreak. such a program should (i) start screening before an outbreak arises; (ii) collect baseline data to assess future disease risk and monitor potential birth defects; and (iii) provide new insights into the ecology of the disease and inform public health policy following the one health concept. | 2017 | 29153262 |
| effective population sizes of a major vector of human diseases, aedes aegypti. | the effective population size (ne ) is a fundamental parameter in population genetics that determines the relative strength of selection and random genetic drift, the effect of migration, levels of inbreeding, and linkage disequilibrium. in many cases where it has been estimated in animals, ne is on the order of 10%-20% of the census size. in this study, we use 12 microsatellite markers and 14,888 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) to empirically estimate ne in aedes aegypti, the major vecto ... | 2017 | 29151858 |
| vectors, hosts, and control measures for zika virus in the americas. | we examine zika virus (zikv) from an ecological perspective and with a focus on the americas. we assess (1) the role of wildlife in zikv disease ecology, (2) how mosquito behavior and biology influence disease dynamics, and (3) how nontarget species and ecosystems may be impacted by vector control programs. our review suggests that free-ranging, non-human primates may be involved in zikv transmission in the old world; however, other wildlife species likely play a limited role in maintaining or t ... | 2017 | 29150828 |
| the introduction of dengue follows transportation infrastructure changes in the state of acre, brazil: a network-based analysis. | human mobility, presence and passive transportation of aedes aegypti mosquito, and environmental characteristics are a group of factors which contribute to the success of dengue spread and establishment. to understand this process, we assess data from dengue national and municipal basins regarding population and demographics, transportation network, human mobility, and ae. aegypti monitoring for the brazilian state of acre since the first recorded dengue case in the year 2000 to the year 2015. d ... | 2017 | 29149175 |
| baccharis reticularia dc. and limonene nanoemulsions: promising larvicidal agents for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) control. | baccharis reticularia dc. is a plant species from the asteraceae family that is endemic to brazil. despite the great importance of baccharis genus, no study has been carried out regarding either the phytochemical composition of b. reticularia or the evaluation of its larvicidal potential. considering the intrinsic immiscibility of essential oils, this study shows larvicidal nanoemulsions containing the b. reticularia phytochemically characterized essential oil and its main constituent against ae ... | 2017 | 29149027 |
| [dengue fever : symptoms, epidemiology, entomology, pathogen diagnosis and prevention]. | dengue infections are among the most frequent causes of febrile disease in tropical climates. infections are caused by a flavivirus transmitted by the aedes mosquito. aedes aegypti mosquitos are the main transmitters of dengue viruses. since these insects are both diurnal and container breeders, particular prevention and control measures are required. symptom severity varies and can range from a mild, flu-like clinical picture to severe hemorrhage and shock. the most common symptoms experienced ... | 2017 | 29147722 |
| development and physiological effects of an artificial diet for wolbachia-infected aedes aegypti. | the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia spreads rapidly through populations of aedes aegypti mosquitoes, and strongly inhibits infection with key human pathogens including the dengue and zika viruses. mosquito control programs aimed at limiting transmission of these viruses are ongoing in multiple countries, yet there is a dearth of mass rearing infrastructure specific to wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. one example is the lack of a blood meal substitute, which accounts for the wolbachia-specific ph ... | 2017 | 29146940 |
| behavioral, climatic, and environmental risk factors for zika and chikungunya virus infections in rio de janeiro, brazil, 2015-16. | the burden of arboviruses in the americas is high and may result in long-term sequelae with infants disabled by zika virus infection (zikv) and arthritis caused by infection with chikungunya virus (chikv). we aimed to identify environmental drivers of arbovirus epidemics to predict where the next epidemics will occur and prioritize municipalities for vector control and eventual vaccination. we screened sera and urine samples (n = 10,459) from residents of 48 municipalities in the state of rio de ... | 2017 | 29145452 |
| zika virus: an updated review of competent or naturally infected mosquitoes. | zika virus (zikv) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) that recently caused outbreaks in the americas. over the past 60 years, this virus has been observed circulating among african, asian, and pacific island populations, but little attention has been paid by the scientific community until the discovery that large-scale urban zikv outbreaks were associated with neurological complications such as microcephaly and several other neurological malformations in fetuses and newborns. this paper is a ... | 2017 | 29145400 |
| shifting the paradigm in dirofilaria immitis prevention: blocking transmission from mosquitoes to dogs using repellents/insecticides and macrocyclic lactone prevention as part of a multimodal approach. | this study assessed the influence of a topical ectoparasiticide (dinotefuran-permethrin-pyriproxyfen, dpp, vectra® 3d, ceva animal health) combined with a macrocyclic lactone (milbemycin oxime, mbo, interceptor®, virbac) on transmission of heartworm l3 from mosquitoes to dogs and subsequent development of worms in treated dogs exposed to infected mosquitoes. | 2017 | 29143678 |
| blocking the transmission of heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) to mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) by weekly exposure for one month to microfilaremic dogs treated once topically with dinotefuran-permethrin-pyriproxyfen. | this study assessed the influence of a topical ectoparasiticide (dinotefuran-permethrin-pyriproxyfen, dpp, vectra®3d, ceva animal health) on the acquisition of heartworm microfilariae by mosquitoes exposed to microfilaremic dogs weekly for 1 month. | 2017 | 29143651 |
| corrigendum: rna-seq comparison of larval and adult malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti reveals life stage-specific changes in renal function. | [this corrects the article on p. 283 in vol. 8, pmid: 28536536.]. | 2017 | 29142533 |
| full-genome dengue virus sequencing in mosquito saliva shows lack of convergent positive selection during transmission byaedes aegypti. | like other pathogens with high mutation and replication rates, within-host dengue virus (denv) populations evolve during infection of their main mosquito vector,aedes aegypti. within-host denv evolution during transmission provides opportunities for adaptation and emergence of novel virus variants. recent studies of denv genetic diversity failed to detect convergent evolution of adaptive mutations in mosquito tissues such as midgut and salivary glands, suggesting that convergent positive selecti ... | 2017 | 29497564 |
| evaluation of ecdysteroid antisera for a competitive enzyme immunoassay and extraction procedures for the measurement of mosquito ecdysteroids. | ecdysteroid hormones regulate several aspects of insect development and reproduction. the predominant ecdysteroids produced by insects including mosquitoes are ecdysone (e) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e). the ability to measure e and 20e titers is essential for many studies, but few sensitive, low cost options are currently available for doing so. to address this deficiency, we developed a new enzyme-linked immunoassay (eia). in the first part of the study, we compared the affinity of two new anti ... | 2017 | 28866256 |
| aedes aegypti saliva enhances chikungunya virus replication in human skin fibroblasts via inhibition of the type i interferon signaling pathway. | chikungunya virus (chikv) transmission occurs through the bite of an infected aedes mosquito which injects virus-containing saliva into the skin of the human host during blood feeding. in the present study, we have determined the effect of aedes aegypti saliva on chikv replication in human skin fibroblasts, a major cell type for viral entry, which mimics the events that occur during natural transmission. a significant increase in the expression of viral transcripts and infectious viral particles ... | 2017 | 28866137 |
| presence of a predator image in potential breeding sites and oviposition responses of a dengue vector. | in dengue vector control, attempts to minimize or replace the use of pesticides have mostly involved use of predators, but success has been severely impeded by difficulties associated with financial and environmental costs, predator mass production, and persistence in target habitats. visual deterrents have been used successfully to control animal pests, in some cases in an effort to replace pesticide use. despite evidence that visual signals are crucial in site choice for egg deposition by deng ... | 2017 | 28865898 |
| correction: insecticide resistance to permethrin and malathion and associated mechanisms in aedes aegypti mosquitoes from st. andrew jamaica. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179673.]. | 2017 | 28859159 |
| effect of nozzle orientation on dispersion of aqualuer 20-20 sprayed by a truck-mounted ultra-low volume sprayer against caged aedes aegypti. | inconsistencies in efficacy of ultra-low volume (ulv) ground applications in the literature are linked to the lack of adjustments in sprayer parameters. to investigate the effect of nozzle orientation of a truck-mounted ulv sprayer on application efficacy, a study was conducted at st. johns county fairground, elkton, fl, during the summer of 2014. the efficacy was assessed by mortality of caged adult aedes aegypti, spray deposition, and droplet size spectrum up to 122 m from the spray line. aqua ... | 2017 | 28854107 |
| larvicidal and ovicidal activity of terminalia chebula retz. (family: combretaceae) medicinal plant extracts against anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. | insect-borne diseases remain to this day a major source of illness and death worldwide. the resistance to chemical insecticides among mosquito species has been considered as a setback in vector control. mosquito control programs, botanical origin may have the potential to eliminate eggs and larvae. so, the larvicidal and ovicidal activities of crude benzene, hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol extracts of terminalia chebula were assayed for their toxicity against three important vecto ... | 2017 | 28848262 |
| improving the built environment in urban areas to control aedes aegypti-borne diseases. | 2017 | 28804174 | |
| first report of coelomomyces santabrancae sp. nov. (blastocladiomycetes: blastocladiales) infecting mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae) in central brazil. | a project from 2013 to 2017 sought to discover pathogenic fungi and oomycetes from dipteran species that are vectors of major diseases of humans and animals in central brazil and to begin evaluating the potential of these pathogens as potential biological control agents concentrated on mosquito larvae. some collecting sites proved to be especially productive for pathogens of naturally occurring mosquito species and for placements of healthy sentinel larvae of aedes aegypti in various sorts of co ... | 2017 | 28803981 |
| dinuclear silver(i)-n-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis, characterization and larvicidal activity of bis-imidazolium dinuclear silver(i)-n-heterocyclic carbene complexes. | new synthesized bis-imidazolium salts that are linked by xylyl derivatives moiety, 1-4 was reacted with ag2o to facilitate the formation of dinuclear ag(i)-n-heterocyclic carbene (nhc) complexes, 5-8, respectively. all the synthesized ligand salts and complexes were characterized by 1h and 13c nmr, ftir spectroscopy and elemental analysis. molecular structures of compounds 3, 5, and 7 were elucidated by single crystal x-ray diffraction analyses. larvicidal studies against the aedes aegypti and c ... | 2017 | 28800547 |
| preparation of a nanoemulsion with carapa guianensis aublet (meliaceae) oil by a low-energy/solvent-free method and evaluation of its preliminary residual larvicidal activity. | andiroba (carapa guianensis) seeds are the source of an oil with a wide range of biological activities and ethnopharmacological uses. however, few studies have devoted attention to innovative formulations, including nanoemulsions. the present study aimed to obtain a colloidal system with the andiroba oil using a low-energy and organic-solvent-free method. moreover, the preliminary residual larvicidal activity of the nanoemulsion against aedes aegypti was evaluated. oleic and palmitic acids were ... | 2017 | 28798803 |
| mosquito species occurrence in association with landscape composition in green urban areas. | aedes aegypti prefers densely populated habitats, but has been shown to explore less anthropogenic environments. we investigated composition of the abundance of mosquitoes in forested areas and assessed relationships between species occurrences and different types of land use and land cover at three spatial scales (100m, 500m and 1000m). mosquitoes were collected from october 2012 to march 2013 using oviposition traps. we collected 4,179 mosquitoes in total including at least 10 species. aedes a ... | 2017 | 28793030 |
| insecticide resistance, associated mechanisms and fitness aspects in two brazilian stegomyia aegypti (= aedes aegypti) populations. | in brazil, insecticide resistance in stegomyia aegypti (= aedes aegypti) (diptera: culicidae) populations to pyrethroids and to the organophosphate (op) temephos is disseminated. currently, insect growth regulators (igrs) and the op malathion are employed against larvae and adults, respectively. bioassays with mosquitoes from two northeast municipalities, crato and aracaju, revealed, in both populations, susceptibility to igrs and malathion (rr95 ≤ 2.0), confirming the effectiveness of these co ... | 2017 | 28752548 |
| a mosquito hemolymph odorant-binding protein family member specifically binds juvenile hormone. | juvenile hormone (jh) is a key regulator of insect development and reproduction. in adult mosquitoes, it is essential for maturation of the ovary and normal male reproductive behavior, but how jh distribution and activity is regulated after secretion is unclear. here, we report a new type of specific jh-binding protein, given the name mosquito juvenile hormone-binding protein (mjhbp), which circulates in the hemolymph of pupal and adult aedes aegypti males and females. mjhbp is a member of the o ... | 2017 | 28751377 |
| rhanterium epapposum oliv. essential oil: chemical composition and antimicrobial, insect-repellent and anticholinesterase activities. | the essential oil (eo) of the aerial parts of rhanterium epapposum oliv. (asteraceae), was obtained by hydrodistillation. the oil was subsequently analyzed by both gc-fid and gc-ms, simultaneously. forty-five components representing 99.2% of the oil composition were identified. the most abundant compounds were camphene (38.5%), myrcene (17.5%), limonene (10.1%) and α-pinene (8.7%). referring to the ethnobotanical utilization, an insecticidal assay was performed, where the oil repelled the yellow ... | 2017 | 28725142 |
| effects of rearing salinity on expression and function of ion-motive atpases and ion transport across the gastric caecum of aedes aegypti larvae. | larvae of aedes aegypti, the yellow fever vector, inhabit a variety of aquatic habitats ranging from freshwater to brackish water. this study focuses on the gastric caecum of the larvae, an organ that has not been widely studied. we provide the first measurements of h+, k+ and na+ fluxes at the distal and proximal gastric caecum, and have shown that they differ in the two regions, consistent with previously reported regionalization of ion transporters. moreover, we have shown that the regionaliz ... | 2017 | 28659305 |
| insecticide resistance to permethrin and malathion and associated mechanisms in aedes aegypti mosquitoes from st. andrew jamaica. | the emergence of novel diseases spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito in jamaica and the caribbean, has prompted studies on insecticide resistance towards effective management of the vector. though jamaica has been using the organophosphate insecticide malathion in its vector control program for more than 30 years, resistance to the pesticide has not been tested in over a decade. we analyzed resistance to malathion and the pyrethroid insecticide, permethrin on mosquitoes collected across st. andr ... | 2017 | 28650966 |
| data from salivary gland proteome analysis of female aedes aegypti linn. | salivary gland proteins from female aedes aegypti mosquito were extracted and analyzed on high-resolution mass spectrometry. proteomic data was analysed using two search algorithms sequest and mascot, which results in acquisition of 83,836 spectra which were assigned to 5417 peptides belonging to 1208 proteins.these proteins were then assigned molecular functions and further analysis revealed biological processes they are involved in using gene ontology annotations. several immunity related path ... | 2017 | 28649586 |
| characterization of the zika virus induced small rna response in aedes aegypti cells. | rna interference (rnai) controls arbovirus infections in mosquitoes. two different rnai pathways are involved in antiviral responses: the piwi-interacting rna (pirna) and exogenous short interfering rna (exo-sirna) pathways, which are characterized by the production of virus-derived small rnas of 25-29 and 21 nucleotides, respectively. the exo-sirna pathway is considered to be the key mosquito antiviral response mechanism. in aedes aegypti-derived cells, zika virus (zikv)-specific sirnas were pr ... | 2017 | 29040304 |
| patchy dna forms of the zika virus rna genome are generated following infection in mosquito cell cultures and in mosquitoes. | zika virus (zikv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus and has historically been reported to cause mild symptomatic diseases during human infections. more recently, the explosion of microcephaly among infants born to zikv-infected women has made zikv a global public health concern. while zikv causes acute human diseases, infections of vector mosquitoes are basically non-pathogenic, allowing persistent infections and conferring lifelong ability to transmit the virus. recent studies have revealed that d ... | 2017 | 29039731 |
| lure-and-kill yeast interfering rna larvicides targeting neural genes in the human disease vector mosquito aedes aegypti. | new mosquito control strategies are vitally needed to address established arthropod-borne infectious diseases such as dengue and yellow fever and emerging diseases such as zika and chikungunya, all of which are transmitted by the disease vector mosquito aedes aegypti. in this investigation, saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) was engineered to produce short hairpin rnas (shrnas) corresponding to the aedes aegypti orthologs of fasciculation and elongation protein zeta 2 (fez2) and leukocyte ... | 2017 | 29038510 |
| [zika: probability of establishment of its vector, aedes aegypti, in chile]. | the zika virus has raised world alarm in recent years, representing a major public health problem. in this study we evaluated the potential risk of exposure to zika virus in chile, associated with the probability of establishment of the vector aedes aegypti in the country. niche modelling techniques were used to project the bioclimatic requirements of the vector (global niches), identifying zones of high suitability for the species within the country. then, the potential distribution of the vect ... | 2017 | 29488548 |
| laboratory evaluation of a novel lethal ovitrap for control of aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) are known to flourish in a variety of natural and residential habitats and are competent vectors of at least 22 different arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika. their global distribution, anthropophilic nature, and vector competency make them species of interest for control. a novel durable dual-action lethal ovitrap (ddalo) with combined larviciding and adulticiding effects, as well as a slow-release polymer (isobutyl methacrylate), was des ... | 2017 | 28968892 |
| a large scale biorational approach using bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis (strain am65-52) for managing aedes aegypti populations to prevent dengue, chikungunya and zika transmission. | aedes aegypti is a container-inhabiting mosquito and a vector of dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. in 2009 several cases of autochthonous dengue transmission were reported in key west, florida, usa prompting a comprehensive response to control a. aegypti. in key west, larvae of this mosquito develop in containers around human habitations which can be numerous and labor intensive to find and treat. aerial applications of larvicide covering large areas in a short time can be an efficient and ... | 2017 | 28199323 |
| levels of insecticide resistance to deltamethrin, malathion, and temephos, and associated mechanisms in aedes aegypti mosquitoes from the guadeloupe and saint martin islands (french west indies). | in the guadeloupe and saint martin islands, aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the only recognized vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. for around 40 years, malathion was used as a mosquito adulticide and temephos as a larvicide. since the european union banned the use of these two insecticide molecules in the first decade of the 21st century, deltamethrin and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis are the remaining adulticide and larvicide, respectively, used in guadeloupe. in order to ... | 2017 | 28187780 |
| response of three cyprinid fish species to the scavenger deterrent factor produced by the mutualistic bacteria associated with entomopathogenic nematodes. | the symbiotic bacteria, photorhabdus and xenorhabdus associated with entomopathogenic nematodes (epns) in the genera heterorhabditis and steinernema, respectively, produce a compound(s) called the scavenging deterrent factor (sdf). sdf deters a number of terrestrial insect scavengers and predators and one bird species from feeding on host insects killed by the nematode-bacterium complex but has not been tested against aquatic vertebrates. moreover, the heterorhabditis-photorhabdus association is ... | 2017 | 27908637 |
| entomological investigations during early stages of a chikungunya outbreak in the united states virgin islands, 2014. | during the 2014 chikungunya (chik) outbreak in the caribbean, we performed entomological surveys on 3 united states virgin islands (usvi): st. croix, st. thomas, and st. john. we aimed to evaluate the potential for chikungunya virus (chikv) transmission in the usvi. the surveys took place between june 19, 2014, and june 29, 2014, during the dry season in usvi. a total of 1,929 adult mosquitoes belonging to 4 species- culex quinquefasciatus (68.4%), aedes aegypti (29.7%), ae. mediovittatus (1.3%) ... | 2017 | 28388320 |
| potential of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus populations in the central african republic to transmit enzootic chikungunya virus strains. | major chikungunya outbreaks have affected several central african countries during the past decade. the chikungunya virus (chikv) was isolated from humans and sylvan mosquitoes in the central african republic (car) during the 1970 and 1980s but has not been found recently, despite the presence of aedes albopictus since 2010. the risk of a massive chikungunya epidemic is therefore potentially high, as the human populations are immunologically naïve and because of the presence of the mosquito vect ... | 2017 | 28347325 |
| computer-aided structure based drug design approaches for the discovery of new anti-chikv agents. | chikungunya is a viral infection caused by chikungunya virus (chikv), an arbovirus transmitted through mosquito (aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus) bite. the virus from sylvatic cycle in africa mutated to new vector adaptation and became one of the major emerging and re-emerging viral infections in the past decade, affecting more than 40 countries. efforts are being made by many researches to develop means to prevent and control the infection through vaccines and vector control strategy. on the ... | 2017 | 28294048 |
| chikungunya infection: a global public health menace. | chikungunya virus (chikv) has been involved in epidemics in african and asian subcontinents and, of late, has transcended to affect the americas. aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are the major vectors for chikv infection, which results in dissemination of virus to various vital organs. entry of virus into these tissues causes infiltration of innate immune cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and adaptive immune cells. macrophages bearing the replicating virus, in t ... | 2017 | 28233156 |
| aedes-borne virus-mosquito interactions: mass spectrometry strategies and findings. | aedes-borne viruses are responsible for high-impact neglected tropical diseases and unpredictable outbreaks such as the ongoing zika epidemics. aedes mosquitoes spread different arboviruses such as dengue virus (denv), chikungunya virus (chikv), and zika virus, among others, and are responsible for the continuous emergence and reemergence of these pathogens. these viruses have complex transmission cycles that include two hosts, namely the aedes mosquito as a vector and susceptible vertebrate hos ... | 2017 | 28192064 |
| environmental and social change drive the explosive emergence of zika virus in the americas. | since zika virus (zikv) was detected in brazil in 2015, it has spread explosively across the americas and has been linked to increased incidence of microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). in one year, it has infected over 500,000 people (suspected and confirmed cases) in 40 countries and territories in the americas. along with recent epidemics of dengue (denv) and chikungunya virus (chikv), which are also transmitted by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes, the emergence of zikv s ... | 2017 | 28182667 |
| severe chikungunya infection in northern mozambique: a case report. | although chikungunya virus has rapidly expanded to several countries in sub-saharan africa, little attention has been paid to its control and management. until recently, chikungunya has been regarded as a benign and self-limiting disease. in this report we describe the first case of severe chikungunya disease in an adult patient in pemba, mozambique. | 2017 | 28179029 |
| transcriptome analysis of aedes aegypti in response to mono-infections and co-infections of dengue virus-2 and chikungunya virus. | chikungunya virus (chikv) and dengue virus (denv) spread via the bite of infected aedes mosquitoes. both these viruses exist as co-infections in the host as well as the vector and are known to exploit their cellular machinery for their replication. while there are studies reporting the changes in aedes transcriptome when infected with denv and chikv individually, the effect both these viruses have on the mosquitoes when present as co-infections is not clearly understood. in the present study, we ... | 2017 | 28161634 |
| chikungunya virus: an update on the biology and pathogenesis of this emerging pathogen. | re-emergence of chikungunya virus, a mosquito-transmitted pathogen, is of serious public health concern. in the past 15 years, after decades of infrequent, sporadic outbreaks, the virus has caused major epidemic outbreaks in africa, asia, the indian ocean, and more recently the caribbean and the americas. chikungunya virus is mainly transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions, but the potential exists for further spread because of genetic adaptation of the virus t ... | 2017 | 28159534 |
| engineered aedes aegypti jak/stat pathway-mediated immunity to dengue virus. | we have developed genetically modified ae. aegypti mosquitoes that activate the conserved antiviral jak/stat pathway in the fat body tissue, by overexpressing either the receptor dome or the janus kinase hop by the blood feeding-induced vitellogenin (vg) promoter. transgene expression inhibits infection with several dengue virus (denv) serotypes in the midgut as well as systemically and in the salivary glands. the impact of the transgenes dome and hop on mosquito longevity was minimal, but it re ... | 2017 | 28081143 |
| identification and initial characterization of matrix metalloproteinases in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti is a major vector for arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses. during acquisition of a viremic bloodmeal, an arbovirus infects mosquito midgut cells before disseminating to secondary tissues, including the salivary glands. once virus is released into the salivary ducts it can be transmitted to another vertebrate host. the midgut is surrounded by a basal lamina (bl) in the extracellular matrix, consisting of a proteinaceous mesh composed of collagen iv and laminin. ... | 2017 | 28054419 |
| [technical guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chikungunya fever]. | chikungunya fever is an emerging disease caused by an alphavirus belonging to the togaviridae family, transmitted by the bite of aedes genus species: aedesaegypti and aedesalbopictus. in 2013, paho/who received confirmation of the first cases of indigenous transmission of chikungunya in the americas. this disease may be acute, subacute and chronic, affecting all age groups. following an incubation period from three to seven days, the patient usually begins with a high fever (greater than 39 °c), ... | 2017 | 25680650 |
| [chikungunya, an emerging viral disease. proposal of an algorithm for its clinical management]. | chikungunya fever (chik) is an emerging viral disease. it is caused by the chikungunya virus, an alphavirus from the togaviridae family. it is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes, mainly aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. they are also involved in the transmission of dengue, malaria, etc. chik is now endemic in any region of africa and southeast-asia. cases of chik have been reported in america, the caribbean, and europe (france, italy and spain). there are reservoirs of th ... | 2017 | 25440971 |