Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| proteins of the glycine decarboxylase complex in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a unicellular eukaryote that lacks mitochondria and contains a specialized organelle, the hydrogenosome, involved in carbohydrate metabolism and iron-sulfur cluster assembly. we report the identification of two glycine cleavage h proteins and a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (l protein) of the glycine decarboxylase complex in t. vaginalis with predicted n-terminal hydrogenosomal presequences. immunofluorescence analyses reveal that both h and l proteins are localized in ... | 2006 | 17158739 |
| identification and biochemical characterization of serine hydroxymethyl transferase in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis. | serine hydroxymethyl transferase (shmt) is a pyridoxal phosphate (plp)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and methylenetetrahydrofolate. we have identified a single gene encoding shmt in the genome of trichomonas vaginalis, an amitochondriate, deep-branching unicellular protist. the protein possesses a putative n-terminal hydrogenosomal presequence and was shown to localize to hydrogensomes by immunofluorescence analysis, providing ... | 2006 | 16980404 |
| failure to detect urethral trichomonas vaginalis in japanese men with or without urethritis. | trichomonas vaginalis may cause symptomatic or asymptomatic urethritis in men. there are few recent studies on the prevalence of t. vaginalis infection in japanese men, and quantification of the number of cases of urethritis attributable to this pathogen has not been performed in japan. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and morbidity of t. vaginalis infection in japanese men. | 2006 | 17083395 |
| [investigation of the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis in women with complaints of vaginal discharge and itching]. | trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) is the most common pathogen that is sexually spread in women. in this study, the presence of trichomonas vaginalis was investigated in patients with vaginal discharge and itching who presented at the polyclinic of the mustafa kemal university medical faculty department of gynecology. these women were between 20-40 years of age. during gynecologic examination of patients, vaginal fluid samples were collected with swaps from the speculum and fornics to two tube ... | 2006 | 17106847 |
| genotyping trichomonas vaginalis. | a genotyping method has been developed to distinguish each trichomonas vaginalis isolate and has provided the first genome mapping studies of this protist with an estimated 180mb genome. the technique was developed using high molecular weight dna prepared from five laboratory isolates from australia and usa and 20 clinical isolates from south africa. inhibition of the notorious t. vaginalis endogenous nucleases by addition of potent inhibitors was essential to the success of this study. chromoso ... | 2006 | 16698025 |
| a community-based study of risk factors for trichomonas vaginalis infection among women and their male partners in moshi urban district, northern tanzania. | the objective of this study was to determine predictors of trichomonas vaginalis among women and their partners in moshi, tanzania. | 2006 | 16755271 |
| synthesis of benzenepropanamine analogues as non-detergent spermicides with antitrichomonas and anticandida activities. | fifteen analogues of benzenepropanamine were synthesized and evaluated for their spermicidal as well as microbicidal activities against trichomonas vaginalis and candida spp. several compounds showed appreciable dual activities. compound 12 exhibited good spermicidal (mec=0.1%) along with substantial anticandidal (mic=0.05%) activities, while compounds 3 and 6 showed significant microbicidal activities with moderate spermicidal effect. the sar of these structures is being discussed here in this ... | 2006 | 16793275 |
| cross-reactivity of trichomonas in cervical p16ink4a immunocytochemistry is dependent on antibody, not antigen. | 2006 | 16783782 | |
| predicting antitrichomonal activity: a computational screening using atom-based bilinear indices and experimental proofs. | existing trichomonas vaginalis therapies are out of reach for most trichomoniasis people in developing countries and, where available, they are limited by their toxicity (mainly in pregnant women) and their cost. new antitrichomonal agents are needed to combat emerging metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis and reduce the side effects associated with currently available drugs. toward this end, atom-based bilinear indices, a new tomocomd-cardd molecular descriptor, and linear discriminant analysi ... | 2006 | 16875830 |
| the laboratory diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoa that causes the sexually transmitted infection trichomoniasis, is the sexually transmitted infection with the largest annual incidence, exceeding 170 million cases per year. the disease can be difficult to diagnose due to its heterogeneous presentation and problems with diagnostic testing. all diagnostic tests are fraught with imperfections, but the old, reliable wet mount examination (in trained hands), and the newer inpouch method may be advantageous ... | 2005 | 18159526 |
| screening for sexually transmitted infection pathogens in semen samples. | the transmission of sexually transmitted infection (sti) pathogens from an infected donor to the recipient of a semen donation in assisted conception may result not only in acute infection but also in long-term reproductive complications or adverse outcomes of pregnancy, including infection of the offspring. screening for bacterial sti pathogens, chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae is strongly recommended because these pathogens can cause serious reproductive complications in the rec ... | 2005 | 18159531 |
| [evaluation of an agglutination method with latex particles sensitised for the diagnosis of vaginal trichomoniasis]. | a latex agglutination method for the detection of vaginal trichomoniasis, designed at the parasitology department of the national center of farming and stockbreeding health (cnsa, in spanish), was evaluated. 240 samples of vaginal exudates from women that visited the microbiology department of "10 de octubre" maternal and children's hospital, were analysed. this method was compared to the conventional direct examination used in the laboratories, taking the culture in diamond medium as an accurat ... | 2005 | 17966583 |
| [vulvovaginitis: vaginal ph changes and associated microflora]. | to establish a correlation between ph vaginal and the microflora associated in carriers of vulvovaginites. | 2005 | 17768818 |
| premature with trichomoniasis: report of one case. | we report a case of an extremely-low-birth-weight premature infant with trichomonas vaginalis infection of the vagina and urinary tract. her mother is also infected with trichomonas vaginalis but is asymptomatic. the patient's illness started as an asymptomatic pyuria and later on at early infancy developed profuse malodorous vaginal discharge. her vaginal discharge was positive for trichomonas vaginalis, both on wet mount and papanicolaou smear, and the infection responded well to treatment wit ... | 2005 | 16381336 |
| detection of bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginalis infection, and vaginal candida infection: a comparative study of methods of extracting exudates, with and without a speculum, during pregnancy. | to compare the collection of vaginal exudates with and without the use of a speculum to diagnose vaginal infections. | 2005 | 16205190 |
| comparison of conventional testing to polymerase chain reaction in detection of trichomonas vaginalis in indigenous women living in remote areas. | there are high rates of trichomonas vaginalis in remote areas of central australia. conventional tests for t. vaginalis have low sensitivity in this setting. aims of the study were to estimate the prevalence of t. vaginalis, to assess the presence of clinical signs and symptoms, to compare a t. vaginalis polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test with conventional methods of diagnosis, and to compare the pcr from different samples, including self-collected swabs (scs). of 205 women recruited, the prev ... | 2005 | 16336764 |
| characterization of specific trichomonas vaginalis target antigens from different isolates by immunoblotting against hyperimmune rabbit serum. | the sds-page and immunoblot methods were used to identify trichomonas vaginalis specific target antigen(s). ten t. vaginalis isolates, cultured on tym media, were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), revealed 34 distinct bands. immunoblotting against a hyperimmune rabbit serum, showed 20 reactive bands ranging from 14-205 kda. there was isolate to isolate variability among 8 isolates, while 2 isolates (6,7) showed a similar antigenic patterns. imuno ... | 2005 | 16333897 |
| [incidence in manisa of trichomonas vaginalis in women with a vaginal discharge.] | vaginal discharge caused by trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most frequently encountered sexually transmitted infections in women. this study was planned to investigate the frequency of t. vaginalis in patients with a vaginal discharge. vaginal specimens were collected from 233 women with a vaginal discharge and from 100 women without any discharge as a control group. materials were taken with a speculum and sterile cotton swabs from the posterior fornix of the vagina; and inoculated into try ... | 2005 | 17167734 |
| structure of citrobacter freundii l-methionine gamma-lyase. | l-methionine gamma-lyase (mgl) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) dependent enzyme that catalyzes gamma-elimination of l-methionine. the crystal structure of mgl from citrobacter freundii has been determined at 1.9 a resolution. the spatial fold of the protein is similar to those of mgls from pseudomonas putida and trichomonas vaginalis. the comparison of these structures revealed that there are differences in plp-binding residues and positioning of the surrounding flexible loops. | 2005 | 16511092 |
| a high-throughput colorimetric and fluorometric microassay for the evaluation of nitroimidazole derivatives anti-trichomonas activity. | several nitroimidazole derivatives were synthesized and tested as possible trichomonicidal agents. a fast, simple, practical and reliable in vitro colorimetric method was applied to the screening of the nitroimidazole derivatives anti-trichomonas activity. the colorimetric technique was based on the use of alamar blue as a redox-indicator. the test was carried out both qualitatively (minimal inhibitory concentration determined by naked eye observation) and quantitatively (fluorometric determinat ... | 2005 | 15963680 |
| rubrerythrin and peroxiredoxin: two novel putative peroxidases in the hydrogenosomes of the microaerophilic protozoon trichomonas vaginalis. | the parasitic flagellate trichomonas vaginalis contains hydrogenosomes, anaerobic organelles related to mitochondria, that generate atp from the fermentative conversion of pyruvate to acetate, co2 and molecular hydrogen. although an essentially anaerobic organism, trichomonas encounters low oxygen concentrations in its natural habitat and has to protect itself, and especially the oxygen-sensitve enzymes of hydrogenosomal metabolism, from oxidative damage. we have identified two novel proteins in ... | 2005 | 15904985 |
| phylogenetic positions of several amitochondriate protozoa--evidence from phylogenetic analysis of dna topoisomerase ii. | several groups of parasitic protozoa, as represented by giardia, trichomonas, entamoeba and microsporida, were once widely considered to be the most primitive extant eukaryotic group--archezoa. the main evidence for this is their 'lacking mitochondria' and possessing some other primitive features between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and being basal to all eukaryotes with mitochondria in phylogenies inferred from many molecules. some authors even proposed that these organisms diverged before the e ... | 2005 | 16483135 |
| [exogenous and endogenous infections of genital tract]. | the paper is an overview of etiological factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostics and treatment of genital tract infections. infections caused by trichomonas vaginalis, fungi candida, saccharomyces and geotrichum are discussed as well as syphilis, gonorrhea and infections with chlamydia, mycoplasms and ureaplasms. the problem of vaginal dysbacteriosis and mixed infections is pointed out. | 2005 | 16463706 |
| microbicidal spermicide or spermicidal microbicide? | vaginal contraception, the oldest method of fertility regulation that remained virtually forgotten for a few decades has recently come under focal review due to an increase in stds and hiv infections worldwide. today it is being considered very strongly that a conceptual microbicidal spermicide can tender protection against pregnancy as well as stds (including aids), simultaneously. however the two activities (spermicidal and microbicidal) need to be integrated in vaginal preparations, as many w ... | 2005 | 16448947 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: paradigm of a successful sexually transmitted organism. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) is one of the most successful protozoan pathogens and one of the most common sexually transmitted organism in females, yet it is also one of the most poorly investigated. by producing a wide array of glycosidases and cysteine proteinase enzymes, the organism can easily adapt to the environment, harvesting host proteins and dna for metabolism. with the ability to cause lesions, vaginitis and acute inflammatory disease of the genital mucosa, tv acts as a potential cataly ... | 2005 | 16411380 |
| [the implication of trichomoniasis and giardiasis in the development of inflammatory diseases of small pelvic organs]. | 2005 | 16445233 | |
| trichomonas vaginalis: intrastrain polymorphisms within the ribosomal intergenic spacer do not correlate with clinical presentation. | trichomoniasis presents a broad spectrum of clinical patterns ranging from asymptomatic to severe vaginitis and cervicitis. despite its importance, very little is known about the genetic relatedness of its causative agent, trichomonas vaginalis, and the clinical phenotypes. to address this question, analysis of restriction length polymorphism (rflp) within the intergenic spacer of the ribosomal dna (igs) from 60 clinically defined isolates of t. vaginalis was performed. this is the first descrip ... | 2005 | 15888292 |
| n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase from trichomonas vaginalis: substrate specificity and activity of inhibitors. | among chitinolytic activities previously described in trichomonas vaginalis, n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase (nahase) was the enzyme system expressing the highest level of specific activity. we report here some biochemical characteristics of nahase purified from t. vaginalis. we found at first that the use of 4-methylumbellifferyl-substrate was responsible for a substrate affinity for the enzyme, about 1000-fold higher than those when using p-nitrophenyl-substrates (pnp). whereas the optimum ph w ... | 2005 | 15890491 |
| sexually transmitted infections, blood-borne viruses and risk behaviour in an australian senior high school population--the shlirp study. | to determine the feasibility and acceptability of screening for sexually transmitted infections and blood-borne viruses and to study the profile of sexual activity and other risk behaviours in a senior high school population. | 2005 | 16402670 |
| bacterial vaginosis in female sex workers in chennai, india. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) causes obstetric and gynaecological complications and non-chlamydial/non-gonococcal pelvic inflammatory disease and has been shown to be associated with the risk of acquiring hiv and herpes simplex (hsv)-2 infections. this study investigated both the prevalence of bv and its association with stds among 582 female sex workers living in chennai, south india. blood, vaginal and endocervical swabs were tested for hsv-2, hiv, treponema pallidum, bv, chlamydia trachomatis, nei ... | 2005 | 16402677 |
| the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis in liquid-based pap tests: correlation with pcr. | the conventional papanicolaou smear (cps) is not considered accurate for the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis), and women noted to carry the organism on cps are recommended to undergo confirmatory testing. liquid-based preparations have been shown to facilitate the diagnosis of squamous lesions and may also facilitate the diagnosis of t. vaginalis. we used polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to investigate the accuracy of the diagnosis of t. vaginalis by the liquid-based pap test (lb ... | 2005 | 15880709 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection in and around surat. | trichomonas culture method was used for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis along with gram staining and wet mount preparation. we selected 51 urban women and 51 rural women in this study. samples were taken from both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. out of 102 samples 35 samples were positive for trichomonas vaginalis by culture method. 20 women were positive for trichomonas vaginalis by wet mount and 15 by gram staining technique. so it is a fact that culture of trichomonas vaginalis is a ... | 2005 | 16366122 |
| sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in yunnan, china. | a cross-sectional prevalence survey of sexually transmitted infections (stis) was conducted among female sex workers (fsws) in kunming, yunnan province, china. a total of 505 fsws participated in the survey. all eligible participants gave informed consent. demographic, behavioral, and clinical information of the participants was gathered by direct structured interviews. tampon swabs were collected to test for chlamydia trachomatis, nesseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis and serum specim ... | 2005 | 16375618 |
| alternative pathway of metronidazole activation in trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomes. | metronidazole and related 5-nitroimidazoles are the only available drugs in the treatment of human urogenital trichomoniasis caused by the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. the drugs are activated to cytotoxic anion radicals by their reduction within the hydrogenosomes. it has been established that electrons required for metronidazole activation are released from pyruvate by the activity of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and transferred to the drug by a low-redox-potential carrier, f ... | 2005 | 16304169 |
| identification of trichomonas vaginalis cysteine proteases that induce apoptosis in human vaginal epithelial cells. | a secreted cysteine protease (cp) fraction from trichomonas vaginalis is shown here to induce apoptosis in human vaginal epithelial cells (hvec) and is analyzed by mass spectrometry. the trichomonad parasite t. vaginalis causes one of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection in humans, trichomoniasis. the parasite as well as a secreted cysteine protease (cp) fraction, isolated by affinity chromatography followed by bio-gel p-60 column chromatography, are shown to induce hvec apop ... | 2005 | 15843376 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: identification of soluble and membrane-associated phospholipase a1 and a2 activities with direct and indirect hemolytic effects. | a direct hemolytic activity, dependent on phospholipase a (pla) activity, was located in the particulate subcellular fraction (p30) of trichomonas vaginalis. we identified soluble direct and indirect hemolytic activities in the spent medium and soluble fraction (s30) of t. vaginalis strain gt-13. spent medium showed the highest specific indirect hemolytic activity (siha) at ph 6.0 (91 indirect hemolytic units [hu]/mg/hr). spent medium and p30, but not s30, showed direct hemolytic activity. pla a ... | 2005 | 15856864 |
| reducing risk exposures to zero and not having multiple partners: findings that inform evidence-based practices designed to prevent std acquisition. | our objective was to assess prospectively the relative contribution of reducing penile-vaginal risk exposure to zero and limiting the number of sex partners to one, on the acquisition of biologically confirmed sexually transmitted disease (std) among african american women adolescents. data from a prospective cohort of 522 african american women adolescents enrolled in an hiv prevention trial were used. baseline std testing and single-dose directly observable treatment provided an infection-free ... | 2005 | 16336765 |
| laboratory diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections in estonia in 2001-2002: shortcomings with impact on diagnostic quality and surveillance. | the objectives of this study were to comprehensively characterize the range, content, and performance of sexually transmitted infection (sti) testing services in estonia during the period 2001 to 2002 and to determine if the observed diagnostic laboratory practices and methods adhered to international evidence-based recommendations. | 2005 | 16314773 |
| aetiology of sexually transmitted infections and response to syndromic treatment in southwest uganda. | to determine the aetiology of genital ulcers and discharges in rural south western uganda and to assess response to syndromic treatment. | 2005 | 16326853 |
| clinical presentation and management of alleged sexually assaulted females at mulago hospital, kampala, uganda. | to determine the presentation and treatment offered to sexually assaulted females attending emergency gynaecological ward in mulago hospital, kampala, uganda. | 2005 | 15843131 |
| trichomoniasis among women with vaginal discharge in jeddah city, saudi arabia. | during the year of 2003, vaginal discharge specimens were collected from 1767 women aged (15-50) in 6 cardinal hospitals in jeddah city of saudi arabia. the samples were examined for trichomonas vaginalis, a prevalence rate of 12 (0.7%) were positive. demographic characters did not show significant relation to the infection rate. all accompanied symptoms were insignificant (p>0.05) except the vaginal consistency which was significant (p<0.05). the studied risk factors were insignificant to the t ... | 2005 | 16333911 |
| [the correlation of inflammation and epithelial changes in the pap smears of cervix uteri]. | a modification of the bethesda system classification of cytologic findings of uterine cervix named zagreb 1990 has been accepted in croatia as a unique classification, the use of which has begun after the publication and printing of the new, uniform method of cytologic examination. aim: the aim of this study was to assess the number and type of cytologic abnormalities of uterine cervix classified according to zagreb 1990, on routinely examined pap smears during the 6-year period, and to investig ... | 2005 | 16334735 |
| microbial isolates and hiv infection in couples attending fertility clinics in sagamu, nigeria. | this observational study was designed to determine the prevalence of hiv infection and the microbial isolates from the genital tracts of couples attending the fertility clinics of olabisi onabanjo university teaching hospital, sagamu, ogun state, nigeria between january 2001 and december 2002. a total of 110 women and 49 of their male partners were recruited into the study. the majority of the patients were between 25 and 34 years (women: 71.8%; partners: 65.3%), though the men were significantl ... | 2005 | 16263544 |
| the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis in liquid-based pap tests: morphological characteristics. | we investigated the morphological features of trichomonas vaginalis in liquid-based papanicolaou (pap) (lbp) tests, in order to assess the impact of this new slide preparation system on recognition of t. vaginalis organisms. we reviewed 88 lbp test slides previously interpreted as showing t. vaginalis and assessed morphological characteristics of the organisms and the presence of secondary features. eighty-six of 88 slides showed, at least focally, organisms with cytoplasmic granules, nuclei, an ... | 2005 | 15830365 |
| prevalence, incidence, natural history, and response to treatment of trichomonas vaginalis infection among adolescent women. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is a sexually transmitted infection (sti) linked with reproductive health complications. however, few data exist concerning the epidemiologic profile of this pathogen in adolescent women, a group at high risk for other stis. | 2005 | 16288365 |
| kinetics of immunoglobulin g, m, a and igg subclass responses in experimental intravaginal trichomoniasis: prominence of igg1 response. | trichomoniasis, the most common nonviral sexually transmitted disease, is caused by infection with the protist trichomonas vaginalis. the clinical spectrum varies from an asymptomatic state to mild, moderate or severe symptoms. however, the exact factors leading to varied symptomatology have not been well elucidated. the mouse is a useful experimental model for intravaginal trichomoniasis, for understanding the role of local immune responses in the pathogenesis and varied symptomatology of this ... | 2005 | 16255745 |
| frequency of infectious agents for vaginitis in non- and hysterectomized women. | the frequency of infectious agents for vaginitis has shown varying results. bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis are infections related to vaginal ph alteration. vaginal ph is related to endocervical ph in pre- and post-menopaused women, and vaginal ph in hysterectomized women is more acidic than in non-hysterectomized women. the aim of this paper is to verify differences in papanicolaou smear diagnoses of infectious agents in hysterectomized women. a retrospective study was conducted at faculdad ... | 2005 | 16021494 |
| an ancient spliceosomal intron in the ribosomal protein l7a gene (rpl7a) of giardia lamblia. | only one spliceosomal-type intron has previously been identified in the unicellular eukaryotic parasite, giardia lamblia (a diplomonad). this intron is only 35 nucleotides in length and is unusual in possessing a non-canonical 5' intron boundary sequence, ct, instead of gt. | 2005 | 16109161 |
| "shotgun" versus sequential testing. cost-effectiveness of diagnostic strategies for vaginitis. | although vaginitis is a common outpatient problem, only 60% of patients can be diagnosed at the initial office visit of a primary care provider using the office procedures of ph testing, whiff tests, normal saline, and potassium hydroxide preps. | 2005 | 16117745 |
| association of chlamydia trachomatis with persistence of high-risk types of human papillomavirus in a cohort of female adolescents. | human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is a necessary but not sufficient cause of cervical cancer. while chlamydia infection has been associated with cervical cancer, the meaning of this association remains unclear. the authors' objective was to investigate this association by evaluating whether concurrent genital tract infections are associated with hpv persistence, a precursor to cervical cancer. interview data and biologic samples for hpv, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomon ... | 2005 | 16120706 |
| risk factors for bacterial vaginosis among bar and hotel workers in northern tanzania. | to determine risk factors for bacterial vaginosis (bv) among women working in the bars and hotels in moshi, northern tanzania. | 2005 | 16122097 |
| real-time pcr improves detection of trichomonas vaginalis infection compared with culture using self-collected vaginal swabs. | to compare a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay with broth culture for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis using self-collected vaginal swabs. | 2005 | 16126499 |
| endometrial microbial colonization and plasma cell endometritis after spontaneous or indicated preterm versus term delivery. | this study was undertaken to determine whether endometrial microbial colonization or plasma cell endometritis is increased after spontaneous versus indicated preterm delivery or a spontaneous term delivery. | 2005 | 16150268 |
| qualitatively distinct patterns of cytokines are released by human dendritic cells in response to different pathogens. | dendritic cells produce cytokines that regulate the class of the adaptive immune response. microbial recognition is mediated, at least in part, by pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like receptors, which influence dendritic cell maturation. in humans it is not yet clear how intact pathogens modulate the developing immune response. to address the effects of intact pathogens on the maturation and effector functions of human dendritic cells, we investigated their responses to a number of mi ... | 2005 | 16162273 |
| adherence to human vaginal epithelial cells signals for increased expression of trichomonas vaginalis genes. | host parasitism by trichomonas vaginalis is complex, and the adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells (vecs) by trichomonads is preparatory to colonization of the vagina. since we showed increased synthesis of adhesins after contact with vecs (a. f. garcia, et al., mol. microbiol. 47:1207-1224, 2003) and more recently demonstrated up-regulated gene expression in vecs after parasite attachment (a. s. kucknoor, et al., cell. microbiol. 7:887-897, 2005), we hypothesized that enhanced expression of adhe ... | 2005 | 16177319 |
| the incidence of sexually transmitted infections among frequently screened sex workers in a decriminalised and regulated system in melbourne. | to determine the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) among decriminalised and regulated sex workers in victoria. | 2005 | 16199747 |
| synthesis and biological properties of new 5-nitroindazole derivatives. | a series of new 3-alkoxy- or 3-hydroxy-1-[omega-(dialkylamino)alkyl]-5-nitroindazoles have been synthesized and their trichomonacidal, antichagasic and antineoplastic properties studied. five derivatives (5, 6, 8, 9 and 17) showed remarkable trichomonacidal activity against trichomonas vaginalis at 10 microg/ml concentration. three compounds (8, 10, 11) exhibited interesting antichagasic activity and these same compounds moderate antineoplastic activity against tk-10 and ht-29 cell lines. unspec ... | 2005 | 15809155 |
| seroepidemiology of trichomonas vaginalis in rural women in zimbabwe and patterns of association with hiv infection. | serological assays using dried blood spots from 5221 women in rural areas of eastern zimbabwe were used to assess the epidemiology of trichomonas vaginalis infection, and its association with hiv. antibodies to t. vaginalis and to hiv were detected by enzyme immunoassays. behavioural and demographic data were collected by confidential questionnaires. in total, 516 (9.9%) women were seropositive for t. vaginalis and seroprevalence increased with age among younger women. divorced, widowed and sing ... | 2005 | 15816157 |
| the prevalence of trichomoniasis in young adults in the united states. | the prevalence of trichomoniasis in the general population of the united states is unknown. this study provides the first population-based prevalence estimates of trichomoniasis among young adults in the united states. | 2005 | 16205299 |
| [comparative assessment of the diagnostic value of the laboratory diagnostic methods for trichomoniasis]. | the authors compared the sensitivity and specificity of currently available methods for laboratory diagnosis of trichomoniasis, by examining 971 persons. the highest frequency of t. vaginalis was detected by studies of a stained smear (37.4%), culture tests (19.0%); polymerase chain reaction (pcr) (17.1%), immunofluorescence tests (12.7%), wet smear test (2.7%). enzyme immunoassay yielded positive results in 36.2% of cases. the use of pcr and culture tests frequently provided similar results (92 ... | 2005 | 16212090 |
| trichomonas vaginalis p16 immunoreactivity in cervicovaginal pap tests: a diagnostic pitfall. | detection of p16 is emerging as a useful biomarker for human papillomavirus (hpv)-related dysplastic and malignant lesions of the cervix, and as such has potential application to cervicovaginal papanicolaou (pap) specimens. while evaluating p16 immunocytochemistry in our laboratory we observed one pap test in which trichomonas vaginalis stained positively for p16. we therefore proceeded to determine the frequency of t. vaginalis immunoreactivity for p16 in 10 consecutive, satisfactory, liquid-ba ... | 2005 | 16078255 |
| the clinical outcome of 137 rape victims in hong kong. | from 1 august 2001 to 31 july 2004, 137 patients were referred from the association concerning sexual violence against women to the accident and emergency department at the kwong wah hospital for alleged rape. approximately half of the patients presented within 3 days of the alleged assault. fifty-one patients were prescribed emergency contraception: one patient remained pregnant despite treatment and was referred with a further six patients to the gynaecology department for termination of pregn ... | 2005 | 16219959 |
| sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism in parasitic protozoa. | sulfur-containing amino acids play indispensable roles in a wide variety of biological activities including protein synthesis, methylation, and biosynthesis of polyamines and glutathione. biosynthesis and catabolism of these amino acids need to be carefully regulated to achieve the requirement of the above-mentioned activities and also to eliminate toxicity attributable to the amino acids. genome-wide analyses of enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of sulfur-containing amino acids, includ ... | 2005 | 16230102 |
| effect of piroxicam, metamizol, and s-adenosylmethionine in a murine model of experimental trichomoniasis. | biological effects of piroxicam, metamizol, and s-adenosylmethionine (s-amet) have been tested in nmri mice infected intraperitoneally with trichomonas vaginalis. an intraperitoneal treatment during ten preinfection days with piroxicam (10 mg/kg/day), or metamizol (275 mg/kg/day), but not with s-amet (117 mg/kg/day) induced a significant decrease of abdominal lesions and mortality, assessed by means of a pathogenicity index. the trichomonicidal activity of piroxicam, metamizol, and s-amet was te ... | 2005 | 15828587 |
| heterogeneity in extracellular nucleotide hydrolysis among clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protozoan that causes trichomonosis, a sexually-transmitted disease, with serious sequelae to women and men. as the host-parasite relationship is complex, it is important to investigate biochemical aspects of the parasite that contribute to our understanding of trichomonal biology and pathogenesis. nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ntpdase 1), which hydrolyses extracellular atp and adp, and ecto-5'-nucleotidase, which hyrolyses amp, have been char ... | 2005 | 16038398 |
| nonoxynol 9 as an additive therapy in metronidazole-resistant cases of vaginal trichomoniasis. | the present study was conducted on 30 female patients with metronidazole resistant vaginal trichomoniasis to investigate the efficacy of nonoxynol 9 (n-9), a non hormonal contraceptive with spermicidal effect, as an additive therapy to metronidazole (mnz). study population were randomly divided into 3 groups according to treatment regimen: g.i: patients received high dose mnz (2 g daily for 7 days) n = 10; g. ii: patients received (100 mg n-9 vaginal suppository daily for 7 days) n = 10; g. iii: ... | 2005 | 16083067 |
| management of metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis--a new approach. | metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis is an infrequent but challenging problem with no universally successful treatment. since 1994, we have been using a combination regimen consisting of high-dose tinidazole plus a broad-spectrum antibiotic, i.e. doxycycline or ampicillin, and clotrimazole pessaries, for 7--14 days in this condition. a retrospective case review identified 11 cases of resistant trichomonas between 1994 and 2002. in the absence of resistance testing, resistance was defined clini ... | 2005 | 16004628 |
| cytologic findings in pap smears with actinomyces-like organisms. | to detect whether there is a relationship between the presence ofactinomyces-like organisms (alos) and cytologic findings. | 2005 | 15966286 |
| association between trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis: examination of 600 cervicovaginal smears. | to determine whether there is a relationship between trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis (bv), cervicovaginal smears obtained from 600 women were stained with the papanicolaou technique and examined cytologically. thirty-six (6%) of 600 women were diagnosed as having trichomonas vaginalis [tv(+)]. sixteen (44.4%) of 36 tv(+) cases were observed as having bv [bv(+)]. thirty-one of 564 tv(-) vaginal smears were also positive for bv (5.5%). there was a statistically significant correlation betwe ... | 2005 | 15969458 |
| [rna interference to the expression of peroxiredoxin-related genes in trichomonas vaginalis]. | to inhibit the expression of the target genes of peroxiredoxin (prx) and thioredoxin reductase (trxr) by rna interference and evaluate its effect on the growth of trichomonas vaginalis. | 2005 | 16566216 |
| appearance of virus-like particles in tritrichomonas foetus after drug treatment. | tritrichomonas foetus is a parasitic protist that infects the urogenital tract of cattle causing bovine trichomonosis. virus-like particles (vlps) in protozoa have been reported in several parasites including trichomonas vaginalis, a human flagellate, but viruses were never described in t. foetus so far. herein we show for the first time the presence of vlps in t. foetus after several drug treatments. they were detected by electron microscopy and were confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy u ... | 2005 | 15979116 |
| trichomonas vaginalis-induced epithelial monolayer disruption and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) replication: implications for the sexual transmission of hiv-1. | the objective of this study was to evaluate potential mechanisms of trichomonas vaginalis involvement in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) transmission. polarized monolayer integrity of primary cervical and prostate epithelial cells or cell lines cultured with t. vaginalis was measured by monitoring transepithelium resistance. the effect of t. vaginalis isolates on hiv-1 passage through polarized epithelial cell monolayers was evaluated for hiv-1 p24gag in the basolateral supernatants. ... | 2005 | 15972505 |
| sti/hiv co-infections in uch, ibadan, nigeria. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are poorly recognised and inadequately treated in nigeria in spite of the fact that it constitutes a major risk for hiv transmission. this study was carried out to ascertain sti/hiv co-infection rate and to obtain relevant socio-demographic and reproductive health data associated with stis. this information is urgently needed for designing sti/hiv control strategies. all consenting patients with history suggestive of sti, who attended sti clinic at the univ ... | 2005 | 16104654 |
| trichomonas vaginalis in a sheffield genitourinary medicine department. | the case-notes of all patients who were diagnosed with a first episode of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) between 1 october 2002 and 30 september 2003 were reviewed. a total of 78 patients were suitable for inclusion in the study. analysis of their notes revealed that, although the majority of patients presented with symptoms, 15% (n=12) of cases were asymptomatic. a raised vaginal ph was found in 94% (n=47) of the patients in whom it was measured. in all, 97% (n=76) of patients received treatment in ... | 2005 | 16004629 |
| a linear discrimination analysis based virtual screening of trichomonacidal lead-like compounds: outcomes of in silico studies supported by experimental results. | a computational (virtual) screening test to identify potential trichomonacidals has been developed. molecular structures of trichomonacidal and non-trichomonacidal drugs were represented using stochastic and non-stochastic atom-based quadratic indices and a linear discrimination analysis (lda) was trained to classify molecules regarding their antiprotozoan activity. validation tests revealed that our lda-qsar models recognize at least 88.24% of trichomonacidal lead-like compounds and suggest usi ... | 2005 | 16005626 |
| intranasal immunisation with a 62 kda proteinase combined with cholera toxin or cpg adjuvant protects against trichomonas vaginalis genital tract infections in mice. | trichomonosis, caused by the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis, is one of the most frequent sexually transmitted diseases and is widely spread in all continents. trichomonas vaginalis as well as other protozoan organisms have high levels of proteolitic activity mainly of the cysteine-proteinase type. this activity is necessary for recognition and adhesion of the parasite to the superficial epithelial cells of the host. in the present study, we show that intranasal immunisation with a 62 k ... | 2005 | 16202417 |
| trichomonas vaginalis perturbs the junctional complex in epithelial cells. | trichomonas vaginalis, a protist parasite of the urogenital tract in humans, is the causative agent of trichomonosis, which in recent years have been associated with the cervical cancer development. in the present study we analyzed the modifications at the junctional complex level of caco-2 cells after interaction with two isolates of t. vaginalis and the influence of the iron concentration present in the parasite's culture medium on the interaction effects. our results show that t. vaginalis ad ... | 2005 | 16212877 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: identification of a triacylglycerol acylhydrolase. | this work describes the identification of a triacylglycerol lipase named tvlip directly onto blood-lb-agar plates by hemolytic screening of a trichomonas vaginalis cdna expression library. sharing significant similarity in the primary sequence with other lipases, the theoretical 3d structure of the tvlip was resolved. the structure reveals the predictive conserved characteristics of other lipases from ec3.1.1.3 group, although presenting one amino acid change in the catalytic triad ser-his-asp. ... | 2005 | 16236283 |
| trichomonas vaginalis lipophosphoglycan mutants have reduced adherence and cytotoxicity to human ectocervical cells. | the extracellular human pathogen trichomonas vaginalis is covered by a dense glycocalyx thought to play a role in host-parasite interactions. the main component of the glycocalyx is lipophosphoglycan (lpg), a polysaccharide anchored in the plasma membrane by inositol phosphoceramide. to study the role of lpg in trichomonads, we produced t. vaginalis lpg mutants by chemical mutagenesis and lectin selection and characterized them using morphological, biochemical, and functional assays. two indepen ... | 2005 | 16278462 |
| hela cell nucleus, a source of thymidine for trichomonas vaginalis growing in vitro. | trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protist incapable of de novo purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis. the lack of these de novo syntheses of nucleotides is supplemented with purine and pyrimidine salvage pathways. likewise, t. vaginalis is incapable of converting its ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. therefore, the parasite must rely on the salvage of exogenous deoxyribonucleosides for dna synthesis. it has been demonstrated that the parasite can incorporate external adenine and guanine i ... | 2005 | 15381159 |
| a potentially functional mariner transposable element in the protist trichomonas vaginalis. | mariner transposable elements encoding a d,d34d motif-bearing transposase are characterized by their pervasiveness among, and exclusivity to, animal phyla. to date, several hundred sequences have been obtained from taxa ranging from cnidarians to humans, only two of which are known to be functional. related transposons have been identified in plants and fungi, but their absence among protists is noticeable. here, we identify and characterize tvmar1, the first representative of the mariner family ... | 2005 | 15371525 |
| evaluation of a cognitive-behavioral, group, randomized controlled intervention trial to prevent sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies in young women. | few cognitive-behavioral interventions have focused on preventing sexually transmitted infections (stis) and unintended pregnancies (ups) in young, sexually active women in a single study. military recruit training provides a well-defined, national, nonclinic sample in which to evaluate such an intervention. | 2005 | 15530594 |
| prevalence and determinants of genital shedding of herpes simplex virus among women attending italian colposcopy clinics. | to determine the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) shedding among women attending italian colposcopy clinics and describe their lifestyle, demographic characteristics, genital symptoms and signs. | 2005 | 15596279 |
| a trichomonas vaginalis 120 kda protein with identity to hydrogenosome pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase is a surface adhesin induced by iron. | trichomonas vaginalis, a human sexually transmitted protozoan, relies on adherence to the vaginal epithelium for colonization and maintenance of infection in the host. thus, adherence molecules play a fundamental role in the trichomonal infection. here, we show the identification and characterization of a 120 kda surface glycoprotein (ap120) induced by iron, which participates in cytoadherence. ap120 is synthesized by the parasite when grown in 250 microm iron medium. antibodies to ap120 and the ... | 2005 | 15659068 |
| long-term survival and intracellular replication of mycoplasma hominis in trichomonas vaginalis cells: potential role of the protozoon in transmitting bacterial infection. | the existence of a symbiotic relationship between trichomonas vaginalis and mycoplasma hominis, which is the first reported example of symbiosis between two obligate human pathogens, has been recently reported by our research group. in this work, we examined the cellular location of m. hominis in respect to t. vaginalis. by using gentamicin protection assays, double immunofluorescence, and confocal microscopy, we obtained strong evidence that m. hominis is located within protozoan cells. 5-bromo ... | 2005 | 15664961 |
| the appropriateness of core group interventions using presumptive periodic treatment among rural zimbabwean women who exchange sex for gifts or money. | to map the characteristics of rural based sex workers in zimbabwe with regard to demographics, mobility, behavior, hiv and sexually transmitted infection (sti) prevalence, to explore the appropriateness and feasibility of presumptive periodic treatment (ppt) for bacterial stis as an hiv prevention intervention among these women, and to compare tolerability of 2 ppt regimens (1 g of azithromycin and 2 g of metronidazole+/-500 mg of ciprofloxacin). five commercial farms and 2 mines in mashonaland ... | 2005 | 15671806 |
| synthesis and antiparasitic properties of new 4-n-benzylamino-4-hetarylbut-1-enes. | new derivatives of 4-n-benzylamino-4-hetarylbut-1-ene containing a pyridyl nucleus were synthesized from benzylamines and pyridine aldehydes. n-oxide derivatives were obtained from these homoallylamines. study of the antiparasitic properties of obtained pyridine derivatives as well as of four related benzazepines previously described, was carried out using cytotoxicity assays against trichomonas vaginalis and epimastigote form of trypanosoma cruzi protozoa. compounds showing activity against epi ... | 2005 | 15674802 |
| screening injecting drug users for sexually transmitted infections and blood borne viruses using street outreach and self collected sampling. | injecting drug users (idus) are a marginalised population, who infrequently access health services for screening for sexually transmitted infections (stis) and blood borne viruses (bbvs), and are at high risk of these infections. | 2005 | 15681724 |
| mycoplasma genitalium: an organism commonly associated with cervicitis among west african sex workers. | to identify the contribution of mycoplasma genitalium to the aetiology of cervicitis in sub-saharan africa and its relative importance in the overall burden of sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers (fsw). | 2005 | 15681727 |
| [emergency care for women following sexual assault: characteristics of women and six-month post-aggression follow-up]. | this study evaluated the process and results of treatment for women at a university hospital after sexual violence. a prospective study of 166 women (> or = 12 years of age) treated from october 1999 to february 2002 included six months follow-up after aggression. half of the women were under 20 years of age, two were illiterate, 70.0% unmarried, 20.0% used contraceptives, and 80.0% received treatment within the first 24 hours post-aggression. nearly 80.0% of aggressors were unknown to victims a ... | 2005 | 15692652 |
| use of an immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal specimens. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is estimated to be the most widely prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection in the world. wet-mount microscopy is the most common diagnostic method, although it is less sensitive than culture. the osom trichomonas rapid test (genzyme diagnostics, cambridge, mass.) (referred to here as osom) is a new point-of-care diagnostic assay for t. vaginalis that uses an immunochromatographic capillary flow (dipstick) assay and provides results in 10 min. the purpose ... | 2005 | 15695664 |
| [analysis on the relative factors of trichomonal vaginitis in married childbearing age women in rural impoverished area]. | to investigate the status and relative factors of trichomonal vaginitis among married childbearing age women in rural impoverished area of the northwestern part of china and hence identify the risk factors and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of trichomonal vaginitis. | 2005 | 15702794 |
| sexually transmitted infections among brothel-based sex workers in bangladesh: high prevalence of asymptomatic infection. | objective and goal: the goal of this study was to study the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis)/reproductive tract infections (rtis) among brothel-based sex workers (sws) in bangladesh. | 2005 | 15614116 |
| [clinical relevance of antibiotic resistance in obstetrics and gynecology]. | antibiotic resistance of microorganisms that cause infections of the urogenital tract is a clinically relevant problem in obstetrics and gynecology. due to methodological difficulties, resistance testing is rarely used for the management of these infections. therefore, solid epidemiological data on resistance rates of most involved pathogens are scarce. antibiotic resistance of several microorganisms appears to be increasing in various areas of the world, mainly trichomonas vaginalis and gardner ... | 2005 | 15644637 |
| sexually transmitted infections in rural madagascar at an early stage of the hiv epidemic: a 6-month community-based follow-up study. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) in madagascar have primarily been monitored in selected groups of patients attending sti clinics in major cities as part of the hiv surveillance program in madagascar. | 2005 | 15729151 |
| the genome of the protist parasite entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica is an intestinal parasite and the causative agent of amoebiasis, which is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. here we present the genome of e. histolytica, which reveals a variety of metabolic adaptations shared with two other amitochondrial protist pathogens: giardia lamblia and trichomonas vaginalis. these adaptations include reduction or elimination of most mitochondrial metabolic pathways and the use of oxidative stress enzymes gener ... | 2005 | 15729342 |
| nematocidal and trichomonacidal activities of 2-substituted quinolines. | several quinolines were synthesized and evaluated in vitro and in vivo against the nematodes caenorhabditis elegans, heligmosomoides polygyrus and the protozoa trichomonas vaginalis. if some of them have shown in vitro nematocide activity (at 10 microm), however, their trichomonacidal activity reached 50% reduction at only 100 microm. the in vivo activity on trichinella spiralis model was evaluated for some of the most in vitro active quinolines. | 2005 | 15784240 |
| vaginal swabs versus lavage for detection of trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis among hiv-positive women. | cervicovaginal lavage (cvl) is often used for research and may be easier and more accurate than vaginal swabs as a specimen collection method. | 2005 | 15788920 |
| the prevalence of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomonas in sexual partnerships: implications for partner notification and treatment. | treatment of sex partners by patient-delivered partner therapy (pdpt) may prove to be an effective strategy in reducing reinfection and preventing the sequelae of sexually transmitted infections (stis). however, limited data exists regarding stis within sexual partnerships (dyads). | 2005 | 15788928 |
| clinically resistant trichomoniasis. | 2005 | 15800103 |