Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
properties of mutant acetolactate synthases resistant to triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide.triazolopyrimidine sulfanilides are a class of highly active herbicides whose primary target is acetolactate synthase. spontaneous mutants of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) (ks-43) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum) (ps-3 and do-2) resistant to triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide were selected in tissue culture. acetolactate synthase partially purified from the three mutants were 80- to 1000-fold less sensitive to inhibition by the compound compared with the corresponding wild-type enzyme. the mutants al ...199016667692
photosynthetic characterization of photoautotrophic cells cultured in a minimal medium.photosynthetic properties of photoautotrophic suspensions cultured in a minimal growth medium have been evaluated to determine whether changes have occurred in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activity, phosphoenol-pyruvate (pep) carboxylase activity, chlorophyll content, or culture growth. five photoautotrophic lines amaranthus powellii, datura innoxia, glycine max, gossypium hirsutum, and a nicotiana tabacum-nicotiana glutinosa fusion hybrid were grown in a medium with ...199016667897
cottonseed extract versus pharmamedia for the in vitro mould-yeast conversion of blastomyces dermatitidis.a cottonseed medium, based on a 1% aqueous extract of seeds of any of the eight indigenously available varieties of cotton belonging to gossypium hirsutum or gossypium arboreum, was evaluated for the mould-yeast conversion of blastomyces dermatitidis in vitro, and compared with pharmamedia agar as a control. the cottonseed agar was found to be as efficient as pharmamedia agar for the mould-yeast conversion of the 19 b. dermatitidis strains tested. therefore, cottonseeds provide an adequate and i ...19902380881
development and regulation of three glyoxysomal enzymes during cotton seed maturation and growth.the temporal, nonconcerted development of activities of malate synthase (ms), isocitrate lyase (icl), and catalase (cat) was explored in more detail in maturing and germinated cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seeds. rna was extracted at six intervals beginning at 17 days post anthesis (dpa) through 72 hours post imbibition (hpi). in vitro translations revealed that mrnas for each enzyme were translatable at all intervals. enzyme activities and immunoselected proteins also were found at all interva ...19901714313
the degree of susceptibility of nectary-inoculated cotton flowers and bolls to subsequent seed infection by aspergillus flavus is determined at or before anthesis.in greenhouse and field studies, cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) flowers were inoculated with aspergillus flavus at the involucral nectaries. bolls developing from early-season flowers had significantly higher percentages of a. flavus-infected seed than did bolls from flowers formed later in the season. seeds from bolls inoculated 2 weeks after anthesis had the same infection levels as those from flowers inoculated at anthesis. these results indicate that early-season flowers are predisposed to a ...19902119569
characterization of a cdna clone encoding the complete amino acid sequence of cotton isocitrate lyase.a cdna clone encoding the glyoxysomal enzyme isocitrate lyase (icl) (ec 4.1.3.1) was isolated from a library prepared from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledon poly(a)+ rna. the clone is 1893 basepairs (bp) in length and contains a 1728 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 576 residues (mr = 64,741). the deduced amino acid sequence of cotton icl is 85.2%, 90.3% and 41.1% identical to icl from rapeseed, castor bean and e. coli, respectively. cotton icl has a c-terminal tripeptide o ...19902194576
variation among species in the temperature dependence of the reappearance of variable fluorescence following illumination.the relationship between the thermal dependence of the reappearance of chlorophyll variable fluorescence following illumination and temperature dependence of the apparent michaelis constant (k(m)) of nadh hydroxypyruvate reductase for nadh was investigated in cool and warm season plant species. brancker sf-20 and sf-30 fluorometers were used to evaluate induced fluorescence transients from detached leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv tam-101), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv paymaster 145) ...199016667518
site of clomazone action in tolerant-soybean and susceptible-cotton photomixotrophic cell suspension cultures.studies were conducted to determine the herbicidal site of clomazone action in tolerant-soybean (glycine max [l.] merr. cv corsoy) (sb-m) and susceptible-cotton (gossypium hirsutum [l.] cv stoneville 825) (cot-m) photomixotrophic cell suspension cultures. although a 10 micromolar clomazone treatment did not significantly reduce the terpene or mixed terpenoid content (microgram per gram fresh weight) of the sb-m cell line, there was over a 70% reduction in the chlorophyll (chl), carotenoid (car), ...199016667768
a novel metabolic form of the 32 kda-d1 protein in the grana-localized reaction center of photosystem ii.two forms of the 32 kda-d1 reaction center protein of photosystem ii (psii), having slightly different mobilities on denaturing polyacrylamide gels, have been resolved in spirodela oligorrhiza, glycine max l., gossypium hirsutum l., triticum aestivum l., and zea mays l. the protein band with faster mobility is identified as the 32 kda-d1 protein, and the less mobile band as a novel form, designated 32*. the two forms are structurally similar based on immunological and partial proteolytic tests. ...19902203777
a vapor pressure deficit effect on crop canopy photosynthesis.canopy co2-exchange rates (cer), air temperatures, and dew points were measured throughout ten days during the 1987 growing season for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), grain sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l) moench], and five soybean [glycine max (l) merr.] cultivars, and throughout seven days in 1988, on maize (zea maize l.). the objective was to determine if the decline in cer per unit light during the afternoon is associated with a vapor pressure deficit (vpd) increase. some of the soybean and maiz ...199024419762
ovipositional response of threeheliothis species (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to allelochemicals from cultivated and wild host plants.the role of plant allelochemicals on the oviposition behavior ofheliothis virescens (f.),h. subflexa (guenee), andh. zea (boddie) was investigated in the laboratory using a "choice" bioassay system. fresh young leaves of tobacco,desmodium tortuosum (swartz) de candolle, groundcherry (physalis angulata l.), and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) squares (flower buds) were washed in methylene chloride or methanol, concentrated to 1 g equivalent of washed material, and applied to a cloth oviposition su ...199024263986
photosynthetic carbon metabolism in photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures grown at low and high co(2).photosynthetic carbon metabolism was characterized in four photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures. there was no apparent difference between two soybean (glycine max) and one cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cell line which required 5% co(2) for growth, and a unique cotton cell line that grows at ambient co(2) (660 microliters per liter). photosynthetic characteristics in all four lines were more like c(3) mesophyll leaf cells than the cell suspension cultures previously studied. the pattern of (14 ...198916667210
temporal and spatial variation in palatability of soybean and cotton leaves following wounding.leaves of soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) were mechanically damaged with a single hole and offered to spodoptera littoralis boisd (lep., noctuidae) larvae in laboratory bioassays at intervals of between 0 and 7 days from damage. the subsequent within-leaf grazing patterns of damaged and undamaged areas were compared using an image-analysing computer, and estimations were made by eye of percentage, areas grazed at three spatial scales. reduction in palatability ...198928313487
effects of ddt on the growth of crop plants.the effects of ddt on the germination and growth of plants were studied using many crop species. of the species tested, oil-rich seeds of plants, such as peanut (arachis hypogaea) and mustard (brassica juncea), were more prone to ddt induced inhibition of germination and subsequent plant growth than cereals, pulses and fibre crops, like rice (oryza sativa), barley (hordeum vulgare), mung bean vigna radiata), pigeon pea (cajanus cajan) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum). studies with (14)c labelled ...198915092369
phytoparasitic nematode surveys of arkansas cotton fields, 1986-1988.surveys from 1986 to 1988 identified 22 phytoparasitic nematode species in arkansas cotton fields. meloidogyne spp. was found in ca. 15% of the fields sampled. of these samples ca. 33% were found to have a population density of 106/100 cm(3) of soil or more. rotylenchulus reniformis was found in high numbers (5,000 +/100 cm(3) of soil) in 1% of the fields sampled in 1988. heterodera glycines was found in ca. 22% of the samples, presumably because of past cropping to soybean. other common species ...198919287659
influence of environmental factors on the hatch and survival of meloidogyne incognita.the influence of soil temperature and moisture on meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood was examined in relation to hatching and survival of second-stage juveniles (j2). nematodes were cultured on cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. acala sj2) under field conditions to provide populations similar to those found in the field in late autumn. egg masses were placed in a temperature range (9-12 c and 21 c), and hatch was measured over a period equivalent to 20 degree days > 10 c (dd10). ha ...198919287616
progression of root-knot nematode symptoms and infection on resistant and susceptible cottons.progressive development in cotton root morphology of resistant a623 and susceptible m-8 cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) lines following infection by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita was studied in glass front boxes. symptom development and radicle growth were observed; degree of galling, gall and egg mass diameter, and number of eggs per egg mass were recorded; and root segments were examined histologically. small cracks caused by m. incognita appeared in the root epidermis and cortex ...198919287602
crops uncommon to alabama for the management of meloidogyne arenaria in peanut.in a 1987 field study juveniles of meloidogyne arenaria assayed at the time of peanut harvest were almost undetectable in plots planted with american jointvetch (aeschynomene americana), castor bean (ricinus communis), partridge pea (cassia fasiculata), sesame (sesamum indicum), and cotton (gossypium hirsutum), whereas plots with peanut (arachis hypogaea) averaged 120 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. application of aldicarb in peanut resulted in an average of 27 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. in 1988 all pl ...198919287678
light-induced spectral absorbance changes in relation to photosynthesis and the epoxidation state of xanthophyll cycle components in cotton leaves.when cotton (gossypium hirsutum l., cv acaia sjc-1) leaves kept in weak light were suddenly exposed to strong red actinic light a spectral absorbance change took place having the following prominent characteristics. (a) it was irreversible within the first four minute period after darkening. (b) the difference in leaf absorbance between illuminated and predarkened leaves had a major peak at 505 nanometers, a minor peak at 465 nanometers, a shoulder around 515 nanometers, and minor troughs at 455 ...198916667067
alloplasmic male sterility in ad allotetraploid gossypium hirsutum upon replacement of its resident a cytoplasm with that of d species g. harknessii.alloplasmic male sterile (cms) and restoration-of-fertility (rf) lines of the ad allotetraploid gossypium hirsutum were earlier derived from the presumed introgression of the cytoplasm of the d species g. harknessii. to confirm that this happened and address its significance, cytoplasms of the maternal progenitor, backcross intermediates, derived breeding lines, related a, d, and f species, and a synthetic ad tetraploid were examined by agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 140 restr ...198924227025
relationship between efficiency of photosynthetic energy conversion and chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).the relationship between components of non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence yield (qnp) and dissipation of excessive excitation energy was determined in cotton leaves using concurrent measurements of fluorescence and gas-exchange at 2% and 20% o2 under a range of photon flux densities and co2 pressures. a nearly stoichiometric relationship was obtained between dissipation of energy not used in photosynthetic co2 fixation or photorespiration and qnp provided that a component, p ...198924212903
heat shock protein expression in thermotolerant and thermosensitive lines of cotton.the expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) was compared between genetically characterized heat tolerant and heat sensitive lines of cotton (gossypium hirsutum andg. barbadense) using electrophoretic analysis ofin vivo labelled proteins. no differences were observed between the two lines with regard to: the temperature at which hsp synthesis was induced (37°c); the temperature at which hsp synthesis was maximal (45°c); the rates of recovery from hsp synthesis; the duration of hsp synthesis; or ...198924232592
polysaccharides in the culture medium of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) ovules cultured in vitro.polysaccharides secreted into the culture medium (pcm) from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) ovules, culturedin vitro, have been examined. the amount of the polysaccharides increases with the duration of the culture, but except for the galactose content, does not vary markedly with the culture age. analysis shows that the polysaccharide mixture contains mainly pectins, but there is also a significant amount of xyloglucan. the source of the polysaccharides is most likely the callus tissue which dev ...198924232589
maternal effects and generation mean analysis of seed-oil content in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).the nature of gene action and of maternal influence governing cottonseed oil attributes were determined with four lines, two each with high and low seed-oil percentage. for this purpose, p1, p2, f0, f1, f2 and alternative sets of bc1 and bc2 generations were analysed in six cross-combinations and their reciprocals. marginal extents of heterosis for seed-oil percentage were noticeable in f1, with inbreeding depression in f2. data from reciprocal backcrosses provided evidence in favour of maternal ...198924232726
in situ hybridization of biotinylated dna probes to cotton meiotic chromosomes.a modified procedure for in situ hybridization of biotinylated probes to meiotic chromosomes of cotton has been developed with high retention of squashed cells on slides, preservation of acid-fixed chromosome morphology, exceptionally low levels of background precipitate at nonspecific hybridization sites and improved photomicrographic recording. salient features of the techniques include pretreatment of slides before squashing, cold storage of squash preparations, and use of interference filter ...19892741183
changes in amide-linked and ester indole-3-acetic acid in cotton fruiting forms during their development.the concentration of free indoleacetic acid (iaa) is high in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fruiting forms before anthesis, but is low at and for a few days after anthesis. amide-linked and ester iaa were measured in fruiting forms at 9, 6, and 3 days before anthesis; at anthesis; and at 2, 4, 7, and 9 days after anthesis to determine if free iaa decreased because it was converted to a conjugated form. that did not appear to be the case. while the major decrease in free iaa occurred during the 6 ...198916666645
electroantennogram responses ofcampoletis sonorensis (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae) to chemicals in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).combined gas chromatography-electroantennogram (gc-eag) recording ofcampoletis sonorensis (cameron) responses to cotton plant volatile chemicals was performed.c. sonorensis antennal olfactory receptors respond differentially to green leaf, mono-, and sesquiterpene chemicals that have been identified previously in cotton. eag depolarizations to green leaf chemicals were greater than to terpenes.198924271425
relationship between cottonseed malate synthase aggregation behavior and suborganellar location in glyoxysomes and endoplasmic reticulum.malate synthase (ec 4.1.3.2) (ms), an enzyme unique to the glyoxylate cycle, was studied in cotyledons of dark-grown cotton (gossypium hirsutum, l.) seedlings. ms has generally been regarded as a peripheral membrane protein in glyoxysomes and believed by some to be synthesized on rough er. immunocyto-chemical localization of ms in both in situ and isolated cottonseed glyoxysomes, however, showed that ms was located throughout the matrix of glyoxysomes, not specifically associated with their memb ...198916666538
water transport properties of cortical cells in roots of nitrogen- and phosphorus-deficient cotton seedlings.growth-limiting deficiencies of n or p substantially decrease the hydraulic conductance of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) roots. this shift could result from decreased hydraulic conductivity of cells in the radial flow pathway. a pressure microprobe was used to study water relations of cortical cells in roots of cotton seedlings stressed for n or p. during 10 days of seedling growth on a complete nutrient solution, root cell turgor was stable at 0.4 to 0.5 megapascal, the volumetric elastic modu ...198916666523
correlation of stomatal conductance with photosynthetic capacity of cotton only in a co(2)-enriched atmosphere: mediation by abscisic acid?some evidence indicates that photosynthetic rate (a) and stomatal conductance (g) of leaves are correlated across diverse environments. the correlation between a and g has led to the postulation of a "messenger" from the mesophyll that directs stomatal behavior. because a is a function of intercellular co(2) concentration (c(i)), which is in turn a function of g, such a correlation may be partially mediated by c(i) if g is to some degree an independent variable. among individual sunlit leaves in ...198816666421
incorporation of [c]glucose into cell wall polysaccharides of cotton roots: effects of nacl and cacl(2).cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv acala sj-2) seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions with four combinations of nacl (0.1 and 150 millimolar) and cacl(2) (1 and 10 millimolar) for 7 days, and then exposed to [(14)c]glucose for 5 hours. uptake and incorporation of [(14)c]glucose into various cell wall fractions of the root tips were determined. at 1 millimolar ca(2+), treatment with 150 millimolar nacl slightly stimulated uptake but considerably inhibited glucose incorporation into noncellulosi ...198816666336
plant regeneration from somatic embryogenic suspension cultures of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).maintainable, highly embryogenic suspension cultures of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. 'coker 310') have been obtained. callus cultures were initiated from cotyledonary tissues from aseptically-germinated seedlings. to establish the suspension cultures, callus tissue was placed in a liquid medium containing either 0.5 mg/l picloram or 0.1 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. for proliferation of the embryogenic suspension, 5 mg/l of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was used. embryo development ...198824240254
chronology of the differentiation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fiber cells.cotton fibers are single elongated cells that develop from epidermal cells of the ovule. the chronology of fiber differentiation was investigated using cultured ovules. epidermal cells differentiate into fiber cells approx. 3 d before anthesis. when ovules were cultured on a defined medium, fiber growth could be initiated on ovules any time between 2 d preanthesis and the time of anthesis by adding indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid to the medium. in the absence of phytohormones, fibers d ...198824221720
changes in abscisic acid and indoleacetic acid before and after anthesis relative to changes in abscission rates of cotton fruiting forms.cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fruiting forms exhibit pronounced changes, with age, in their probability of abscission. large floral buds rarely abscise, but after anthesis the young fruits (bolls) have a high probability of abscising. abscission rate reaches a peak about 5 to 6 days after anthesis and then gradually decreases. an experiment was conducted to try to determine the reason for the rapid and pronounced increase in probability of abscission just after anthesis. cotton was grown in the ...198816666197
initiation and characterization of a cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) photoautotrophic cell suspension culture.a heterotrophic cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. stoneville 825) cell suspension culture was adapted to grow photoautotrophically. after two years in continuous photoautotrophic culture at 5% co2 (balance air), the maximum growth rate of the photoautotrophic cell line was a 400% fresh weight increase in eight days. the chl concentration was approximately 500 μg per g fresh weight.elevated co2 (1%-5%) was required for culture growth, while the ambient air of the culture room (600 to 700 ul co2 1 ...198824241763
the apoplastic pool of abscisic acid in cotton leaves in relation to stomatal closure.suboptimal nitrogen nutrition, leaf aging, and prior exposure to water stress all increased stomatal closure in excised cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaves supplied abscisic acid (aba) through the transpiration stream. the effects of water stress and n stress were partially reversed by simultaneous application of kinetin (n(6)-furfurylaminopurine) with the aba, but the effect of leaf aging was not. these enhanced responses to aba could have resulted either from altered rates of aba release fro ...198824221474
effects of cotton leaf surface alkalinity on feeding ofspodoptera littoralis larvae.the high leaf surface ph in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) var. acala sj2 was bioassayed againstspodoptera littoralis larvae. weight gain and leaf consumption of the larvae feeding on leaves devoid of alkalinity, due to daily washing, were recorded. untreated cotton, with a leaf surface ph of 9.5-10.0 was used as control. the gland exudates contained potassium and magnesium cations, and the gland surface and intergland leaf areas were rich in calcium and phosphorus and low in k or mg. the role of t ...198824276135
abscisic acid movement into the apoplastic solution of water-stressed cotton leaves: role of apoplastic ph.leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) were subjected to overpressures in a pressure chamber, and the exuded sap was collected and analyzed. the exudate contained low concentrations of solutes that were abundant in total leaf extracts, and photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance were completely unaffected by a cycle of pressurization and rehydration. these criteria and others indicate that the experimental techniques inflicted no damage upon the leaf cells. the ph and abscisic acid (aba) ...198816666007
phosalone applied to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.): its deposition and persistence on foliages, soils and final residues in seeds.phosalone, o,o-diethyl-s-(6-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-2(3h)-onyl)methyl phosphorodithioate, was field-applied by ground equipment to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) at the rates of 1050 and 2100 g a.i./ha, respectively, to determine its dissipation on leaves and soils and the residues in seeds at harvest. the insecticide concentrations on cotton leaves and soils were measured periodically for 14 days following its application. it was found that the half lives of the insecticide on cotton leaves at th ...19883372940
restriction fragment length polymorphisms in diploid and allotetraploid gossypium: assigning the late embryogenesis-abundant (lea) alloalleles in g. hirsutum.we have determined the copy number of 21 genes in an allotetraploid and several diploid species of cotton by gel and dot blot hybridization with cloned cdnas. the legumin a, legumin b, and all 18 unique lea (late embryogenesis-abundant) cdna sequences isolated from the ad allotetraploid gossypium hirsutum are present in one copy in a, d, e, and f diploid species and in two copies in g. hirsutum. gel blot analysis of dnas digested with ecori or bamhi usually detects different sized fragments in a ...19882895416
changes in free and conjugated indole 3-acetic acid and abscisic acid in young cotton fruits and their abscission zones in relation to fruit retention during and after moisture stress.experiments were conducted with field-grown cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) in 1985 and 1986 to determine effects of water deficit on levels of conjugated indole 3-acetic acid (iaa) and abscisic acid (aba) in young fruits (bolls) and their abscission zones in relation to boll retention. tissues were harvested three times during an irrigation cycle in 1985. they were harvested twice during an irrigation cycle and once after irrigation in 1986 to determine extent of recoveries of measured parameter ...198816665881
disruption of the polar auxin transport system in cotton seedlings following treatment with the defoliant thidiazuron.the effect of the defoliant thidiazuron (tdz) on basipetal auxin transport in petiole segments isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv lg102) seedlings was examined using the donor/receiver agar block technique. treatment of intact seedlings with tdz at concentrations of 1 micromolar or greater resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of (14)c-iaa transport in petiole segments isolated 1 or 2 days after treatment. using 100 micromolar tdz, the inhibition was detectable 19 hours after treat ...198816665874
physiological and growth responses of differentially irrigated cotton to ozone.this study was conducted to determine the physiological and growth responses of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) to the interaction of ozonee (o3) and drought stress. cotton (cv sj-2) was grown in open-top chambers in the field at three levels of soil water and exposed to charcoal-filtered air (cf), nonfiltered air (nf), and nf x 1.25, and nf x 1.5 ambient o3 concentrations in riverside, ca, from june to october 1986. ozone reduced carbon fixation an average of 74.6% in optimally watered (ow) plot ...198815092554
correlation between the carbon isotope discrimination in leaf starch and sugars of c(3) plants and the ratio of intercellular and atmospheric partial pressures of carbon dioxide.carbon isotope discrimination (delta) was analyzed in leaf starch and soluble sugars, which represent most of the recently fixed carbon. plants of three c(3) species (populus nigra l. x p. deltoides marsh., gossypium hirsutum l. and phaseolus vulgaris l.) were kept in the dark for 24 hours to decrease contents of starch and sugar in leaves. then gas exchange measurements were made with constant conditions for 8 hours, and subsequently starch and soluble sugars were extracted for analysis of carb ...198816666476
studies on the sites expressing evolutionary changes in the structure of eukaryotic 5s ribosomal rna.we have determined the complete sequences of 5s rrnas from a lamprey (lampetra reissneri), a lancelet (branchiostoma belcheri), silkworms (philosamia cynthia ricini, bombyx mori, antheraea pernyi), and a silkworm hybrid (artificially fertilized hybrid species of philosamia cynthia ricini male x bombyx mori female), as well as those of cotton seeds (gossypium hirsutum l.). having compared more than 170 eukaryotic 5s rrnas of which seven sequences have been determined by our group as mentioned abo ...19883146644
isoosmotic regulation of cotton and peanut at saline concentrations of k and na.peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum) plants were grown for 4 weeks in saline, isoosmotic rooting substrates with different proportions of k and na. isoosmotic media did not affect growth (except at the highest external k concentrations) or estimates of intracellular osmotic pressure in expanding leaves (i.e. osmotic pressure of leaf sap and intracellular osmotic pressure as calculated from pressure-volume curves). in expanded leaves, an increase in the proportion of exter ...198816666244
response of cotton to infection by hoplolaimus columbus.three field experiments were established in 1987 to determine the reaction of five cotton cultivars to infection by hoplolaimus columbus and the efficacy of selected nematicides against this nematode. at two sites in calhoun county, south carolina, early season plant growth and subsequent yields were greater in plots treated with aldicarb, fenamiphos, and 1,3-dichloropropene. hoplolaimus columbus suppressed yields approximately 10% at site 1 and 25% at site 2; however, greater yield suppression ...198819290310
potential of crops uncommon to alabama for management of root-knot and soybean cyst nematodes.vigna unguiculata, cassia fasiculata, and sesamum indicum did not support meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, or heterodera glycines race 4 in greenhouse studies with soils from peanut and soybean fields. fagopyron eseulentum, cyamopsis tetragonoloba, and cucurbita pepo were hosts to the two meloidogyne spp. but were nonhosts to h. glycines. meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita galled but reproduced poorly in the roots of three types of amaranthus cruentus, and low densities of these two meloid ...198819290317
purification and biosynthesis of cottonseed (gossypium hirsutum l.) catalase.as part of our research on peroxisome biogenesis, catalase was purified from cotyledons of dark-grown cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings and monospecific antibodies were raised in rabbits. purified catalase appeared as three distinct electrophoretic forms in non-denaturing gels and as a single protein band (with a subunit mr of 57,000) on silver-stained sds/polyacrylamide gels. western blots of crude extracts and isolated peroxisomes from cotton revealed one immunoreactive polypeptide with ...19883134010
characteristics of five new photoautotrophic suspension cultures including two amaranthus species and a cotton strain growing on ambient co(2) levels.suspension cultures of cotton (gossypium hirsutum), amaranthus cruentus, a. powellii, datura innoxia, and a nicotiana tabacum-n. glutinosa fusion hybrid were adapted to grow photoautotrophically under continuous light. the cotton strain grew with an atmosphere of ambient co(2) (about 0.06 to 0.07% in the culture room) while the other strains required elevated co(2) levels (5%). photoautotrophy was indicated by the requirement for co(2) and for light for growth. the strains grew with doubling tim ...198816666458
modeling the impact of ozone x drought interactions on regional crop yields.the influence of soil moisture stress on crop sensitivity to o3 was evaluated for corn (zea mays l.), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), soybean (glycine max l. merr.), and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in the united states. this assessment was accomplished by using yield forecasting models to estimate the influence of soil moisture deficits on regional yield and a previously developed model to predict moisture stress x o3 interactions. reduced crop sensitivity to o3 was predicted for those re ...198815092561
response of leaf ontogeny and photosynthetic activity to reproductive growth in cotton.this study was conducted to determine if reproductive growth in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) affects concurrent leaf development. apparent photosynthesis (ap), stomatal conductance (cs), soluble protein (sp), ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco), and chlorophyll (chl) were monitored in four main-stem cotton leaves which emerged at approximately 2 week intervals. the leaf which emerged during vegetative growth (48 days after planting) had higher ap, sp, and rubisco levels than that prese ...198816666118
gradients of intercellular co(2) levels across the leaf mesophyll.most current photosynthesis models, and interpretations of many wholeleaf co(2) gas exchange measurements, are based on the often unstated assumption that the partial pressure of co(2) is nearly uniform throughout the airspaces of the leaf mesophyll. here we present measurements of co(2) gradients across amphistomatous leaves allowed to assimilate co(2) through only one surface, thus simulating hypostomatous leaves. we studied five species: eucalyptus pauciflora sieb. ex spreng., brassica chinen ...198816666027
effect of altered sink: source ratio on photosynthetic metabolism of source leaves.when seven crop species were grown under identical environmental conditions, decreased sink:source ratio led to a decreased photosynthetic rate within 1 to 3 days in cucumis sativus l., gossypium hirsutum l., and raphanus sativus l., but not in capsicum annuum l., solanum melongena l., phaseolus vulgaris l., or ricinus communis l. the decrease was not associated with stomatal closure. in cotton and cucumber, sink removal led to an increase in starch and sugar content, in glucose 6-phosphate and ...198716665777
peanut-cotton rotations for the management of meloidogyne arenaria.the efficacy of 'deltapine 90' cotton (gossypium hirsutum) in rotation with 'florunner' peanut (arachis hypogaea) for the management of meloidogyne arenaria was studied for 2 years in a field in southeastern alabama. in 1985, m. arenaria juvenile populations in plots with cotton were 98% lower than in plots with peanut. peanut and cotton yields were increased by treatment with aldicarb (3.3 kg a.i./ha in a 20-cm-band) in 1985 but not in 1986. in 1986, peanut yields were highest and m. arenaria j ...198719290174
effect of combining soil solarization with certain nematicides on target and nontarget organisms and plant growth.field experiments compared pesticidal and plant growth effects of soil solarization, alone and in combination, with overall applications of several nematicides. nematodes, including meloidogyne incognita j2, that were targeted for control were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by solarization, 1,3-dichloropropene (44 and 132 liter/ha), ethoprop (13.5 kg/ha), metham sodium (64 liter/ha), formaldehyde (111 liter/ha), and by solarization-nematicide combinations. control of pythium ultimum also was o ...198719290287
cottonseed malate synthase : biogenesis in maturing and germinated seeds.the activity of malate synthase (ms) (ec 4.1.3.2) appears and increases during cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seed maturation, persists through desiccation and imbibition, then increases again following germination. the research reported herein is a comparative study of the synthesis and acquisition of ms into glyoxysomes as they occur in maturing and germinated seeds. rate-zonal centrifugation of cotyledon extracts revealed that the 5 svedberg unit (s) cytosolic form of ms was the only form pre ...198716665609
udp-glucose: (1-->3)-beta-glucan synthases from mung bean and cotton: differential effects of ca and mg on enzyme properties and on macromolecular structure of the glucan product.a re-examination of the kinetic properties of udp-glucose: (1-->3)-beta-glucan (callose) synthases from mung bean seedlings (vigna radiata) and cotton fibers (gossypium hirsutum) shows that these enzymes have a complex interaction with udp-glucose and various effectors. stimulation of activity by micromolar concentrations of ca(2+) and millimolar concentrations of beta-glucosides or other polyols is highest at low (<100 micromolar) udp-glucose concentrations. these effectors act both by raising ...198716665323
cottonseed malate synthase : purification and immunochemical characterization.malate synthase (ec 4.1.3.2), an enzyme unique to the glyoxylate cycle, was purified to homogeneity from cotyledons of 72-hours, darkgrown cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings. homogeneity of the enzyme was assessed by silver staining sds-page gels. purification was accomplished by using a single buffer medium through six steps involving one ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on three columns (sephacryl s-300, deae sephacel, phenyl sepharose). large-scale preparation of glyoxy ...198716665608
comparative resistance of selected acala 1517 cotton cultivars to meloidogyne incognita race 3.little information is available regarding the levels of meloidogyne incognita race 3 resistance in acala 1517 cotton cultivars compared with cultivars grown outside the southwestern united states. levels of m. incognita egg production were compared among commercial acala cultivars 1517-e2, 1517-sr1, 1517-75, 1517-77br, and sj-5, resistant and susceptible standards auburn 634 and m-8 and breeding lines acala 5701-w and n6072 grown for 45 days in the greenhouse. the acala 1517 cultivars all perfor ...198719290288
replication of cauliflower mosaic virus dna in leaves and suspension culture protoplasts of cotton.cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) replicated in protoplasts and in inoculated leaves of the non-host, cotton (gossypium hirsutum, l.). protoplasts prepared from suspension-cultured cotton cells were infected by incubation with liposome-encapsulated camv virions. during a 1-week culture period the amount of camv nucleic acid as detected by nucleic acid hybridization in the protoplasts increased significantly regardless of whether or not the protoplasts contained vacuoles. in leaves inoculated with ...198716665300
transformation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) by agrobacterium tumefaciens and regeneration of transgenic plants.cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledon tissues have been efficiently transformed and plants have been regenerated. cotyledon pieces from 12-day-old aseptically germinated seedlings were inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strains containing avirulent ti (tumor-inducing) plasmids with a chimeric gene encoding kanamycin resistance. after three days cocultivation, the cotyledon pieces were placed on a callus initiation medium containing kanamycin for selection. high frequencies of transform ...198724277496
translation efficiency of lea mrnas in cotton embryos: minor changes during embryogenesis and germination.in earlier studies, only two major patterns of transcript accumulation were seen for 18 late embryogenesis abundant (lea) gene families in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) during embryogenesis and early germination. each of these gene families probably comprises two active alloalleles. the two polypeptides encoded by seven of the lea families can be distinguished, and analysis of their translation in vitro indicated that regulation of the homeologous transcript abundance was similar in each.in the ...198724277083
cell regeneration and sustained division of protoplasts from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).protoplasts were isolated from 12 day old subcultured phytohormone habituated callus tissue of gossypium hirsutum l. (0.5% cellulysin-calbiochem, 0.6% macerase-calbiochem, 0.7m mannitol, and ph 5.0). after separation and purification (0.35m sucrose floatation medium), the protoplasts were cultured (k3 media of kao et al., 1974 with 0.9 μm bap, 5 μm iaa and 0.35m sucrose) in both liquid and solid medium at a density of 5×10(5) protoplasts/ml. four weeks after isolation, cell regeneration and call ...198724248935
generation of a membrane potential by electron transport in plasmalemma-enriched vesicles of cotton and radish.plasmalemma-enriched vesicles were isolated from cotton roots (gossypium hirsutum l. cv acala san jose 2) and from germinating radish seeds (raphanus sativa l. cv tondo rosso quarantino). when 100 millimolar ascorbate was added to the grinding medium, the addition of ferricyanide to either preparation led to an inside positive membrane potential as measured by the accumulation of thiocyanate. it is suggested that electrons from ascorbate were being transported electrogenically across the membran ...198716665822
regulation of in vivo nitrate reductase activity in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) leaves in light and dark and the possible role of cytokinin. 19873452593
developmental biochemistry of cottonseed embryogenesis and germination. xix. sequences and genomic organization of the α globulin (vicilin) genes of cottonseed.the α globulin storage protein genes of cotton are found to exist as gene tandems that contain a gene from each of the 2 α globulin subfamilies separated by a spacer region of about 2700 or 3400 base pairs. three different tandems have been identified by restriction endonuclease mapping of genomic dna. a cdna that is different from the genes of the tandems in map sites and/or in nucleotide sequence indicates that a fourth tandem probably exists in the cotton genome. since the species of cotton u ...198724277191
accumulation kinetics of cotton late embryogenesis-abundant mrnas and storage protein mrnas: coordinate regulation during embryogenesis and the role of abscisic acid.the accumulation of total rna transcripts of 18 late embryo-abundant (lea) gene families, each encoding two closely related lea mrnas, was measured in cotyledon total rna during embryogenesis and germination of gossypium hirsutum l. by rna dot hybridization. transcript abundance of the three storage protein families was also followed. the lea mrnas belong to only two related groups of commonly regulated mrnas. the transcript level of each of the 6 members of class i has two transient maxima duri ...19872957260
osmotic adjustment in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaves and roots in response to water stress.the relative magnitude of adjustment in osmotic potential (psi(s)) of water-stressed cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaves and roots was studied using plants raised in pots of sand and grown in a growth chamber. one and three water-stress preconditioning cycles were imposed by withholding water, and the subsequent adjustment in solute potential upon relief of the stress and complete rehydration was monitored with thermocouple psychrometers. both leaves and roots exhibited a substantial adjustmen ...198716665577
electron microscopic cytochemistry of cyclopropenoids in cottonseed (gossypium hirsutum l.) tissues.an electron microscopic cytochemical procedure for locating cyclopropenoids (cyp) in oilseeds is proposed. the procedure is based on the fact that metallic silver is produced when agno3 reacts with cyp. since so many other compounds react with agno3, we treated specimens that do and not contain cyp with agno3 and looked for electron-dense stains that were unique to cyp(+) seeds. virtually everything in all seed specimens, regardless of the presence or absence of cyp, was stained. however, cotton ...198727519735
somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).tissue culture methods for improvement of cotton has lagged seriously compared to other major crops. a method for regeneration of cotton which includes a morphogenetically competent cell suspension was needed to facilitate selection of stress-resistant variants and gene manipulation. preliminary screening of eight strains of gossypium hirsutum l. for embryogenic potential resulted in the production of somatic embryos in all strains. coker 312 was selected for use in the development of a model re ...198724248660
correlation studies on yield and fibre traits in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).two diverse parents of upland cotton namely j.34 and i.c. 1926 were crossed. a comparison between biparental intermated progenies and f3 families indicated alteration of correlation coefficient between yield and halo length. the significant negative correlation in f3 population between these two attributes changed to a positive but non significant one in biparental intermated progenies. a change in correlation coefficients was expected due to breakage of linkage upon intermating. an increase in ...198724241577
transmission of duplication-deficiencies from cotton translocations is unrelated to map lengths of the unbalanced segments.adjacent-1 duplication-deficiencies (dp-dfs) are readily recovered from most heterozygous translocations in gossypium hirsutum l., but frequencies of specific cytotypes differ widely in progenies from heterozygote (female symbol) x standard crosses. surprisingly, these frequencies seem to be unrelated to the primary (postmeiotic) frequencies predicted by metaphase i configurations or to the proportion of the chromosome arm that is duplicate or deficient. deficiencies and duplications from differ ...198717246386
genetic analysis of verticillium wilt tolerance in cotton using pedigree data from three crosses.three crosses and descendant generations were used in a field study of the inheritance of tolerance to verticillium wilt, caused by verticillium dahliae kleb., in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the tolerant cultivar 'acala sjc-1' was crossed to more susceptible parents, breeding line s5971 and cultivars 'acala 4-42' and 'deltapine 70'. seven generations were evaluated for each cross: the two parents (p1 and p2), f1; f2, f3, and reciprocal backcrosses (b1 and b2). the genetic control of t ...198724241472
influx of na, k, and ca into roots of salt-stressed cotton seedlings : effects of supplemental ca.high na(+) concentrations may disrupt k(+) and ca(2+) transport and interfere with growth of many plant species, cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) included. elevated ca(2+) levels often counteract these consequences of salinity. the effect of supplemental ca(2+) on influx of ca(2+), k(+), and na(+) in roots of intact, salt-stressed cotton seedlings was therefore investigated. eight-day-old seedlings were exposed to treatments ranging from 0 to 250 millimolar nacl in the presence of nutrient solutio ...198716665280
storage protein accumulation patterns in somatic embryos of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).the storage protein content of somatic embryos of gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 201 was determined using extinction level, antigen/antibody association detection methods. mature storage protein was first detected in early globular-stage somatic embryos at a total concentration of 0.36% of the embryo protein mass. tulip-stage and mature somatic embryos were comprised of 3.0% and 1.3% mature storage protein, respectively. maximum storage protein synthesis was found to occur during early globular ...198724248439
photosynthesis of cotton plants exposed to elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the field.the cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plant responds to a doubling of atmospheric co2 with almost doubled yield. gas exchange of leaves was monitored to discover the photosynthetic basis of this large response. plants were grown in the field in open-top chambers with ambient (nominally 350 μl/l) or enriched (nominally either 500 or 650 μl/l) concentrations of atmospheric co2. during most of the season, in fully-irrigated plants the relationship between assimilation (a) and intercellular co2 concent ...198724435687
concentrations of abscisic acid and indoleacetic acid in cotton fruits and their abscission zones in relation to fruit retention.an experiment was conducted with field-grown cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) to determine the effects of drought and an increase in available photosynthate on the abscisic acid (aba) and indoleacetic acid (iaa) contents of 3-day-old bolls and their abscission zones. photosynthate availability was manipulated by removing about two-thirds of the plants to permit increased irradiance, and thus photosynthesis, in the plant canopy. the demand for photosynthate was decreased by removing all bolls from ...198716665202
somatic embryogenesis from leaf and petiole callus cultures of gossypium hirsutum l.leaf discs from four strains and petioles from six strains of gossypium hirsutum were cultured on a variety of media. callus formed from explants on all media, though embryogenesis was highly specific. embryos formed from only three strain x media combinations. a small percentage of these embryos developed into plantlets. these results demonstrate that cotton plants can be obtained from leaf tissue explants.198624248405
the conditions required to isolate and maintain viable cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) microspores.cultural systems developed for the successful production of haploid plants from anther and microspore culture of a number of species are lethal to cotton microspores. components of these systems were examined individually and in simple combinations to determine their specific effect on cotton microspore viability during isolation and culture. an organically buffered ph of 7.0 was critical for survival. the addition of potassium salts, near standard concentrations used for other species, enhanced ...198624248391
cytokinin-induced ethylene biosynthesis in nonsenescing cotton leaves.the influence of cytokinins on ethylene production was examined using cotton leaf tissues. treatment of intact cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv lg 102) seedlings with both natural and synthetic cytokinins resulted in an increase in ethylene production by excised leaves. the effectiveness of the cytokinins tested was as follows: thidiazuron > ba > isopentyladenine >/= zeatin > kinetin. using 100 micromolar thidiazuron (tdz), an initial increase in ethylene production was observed 7 to 8 hours pos ...198616665168
effects of nacl and cacl(2) on cell enlargement and cell production in cotton roots.in many crop species, supplemental ca(2+) alleviates the inhibition of growth typical of exposure to salt stress. in hydroponically grown cotton seedlings (gossypium hirsutum l. cv acala sj-2), both length and weight of the primary root were enhanced by moderate salinities (25 to 100 millimolar nacl) in the presence of 10 millimolar ca(2+), but the roots became thinner. anatomical analysis showed that the cortical cells of these roots were longer and narrower than those of the control plants, wh ...198616665141
carbon accumulation during photosynthesis in leaves of nitrogen- and phosphorus-stressed cotton.leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) accumulate considerable dry mass per unit area during photosynthesis. the percentage of c in that accumulated dry mass was estimated as the regression coefficient (slope) of a linear regression relating c per unit area to total dry mass per unit area. plants were grown on full nutrients or on n- or p-deficient nutrient solutions. in the fully nourished controls, the mass that accumulated over a 9-hour interval beginning at dawn contained 38.6% c. n and p ...198616665124
effects of water stress on the organic acid and carbohydrate compositions of cotton plants.two photoperiodic cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) strains (t185 and t466) which had been empirically selected because of poor performance and two strains (t25 and t256) selected because of enhanced performance under field water stress were evaluated for stress-induced changes in their organic acids and carbohydrates. profiles and quantitation of organic acids and carbohydrates from aqueous extractions of cotton leaf tissue were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. in all cases, t ...198616665100
canopy photosynthesis and its relationship to plant productivity in near-isogenic cotton lines differing in leaf morphology.a 2-year study was conducted to determine the relationships between plant canopy photosynthesis, canopy light interception, and plant productivity of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) exhibiting differing leaf morphologies. the near-isogenic lines were from a single background (md 65-11) and represented the leaf shapes normal (small leaf lobing), sub-okra (intermediate leaf lobing), okra (large leaf lobing), and super okra (severe leaf lobing). the f(1) of a cross normal x okra (intermediate leaf l ...198616665085
some characteristics of peroxidase secreted by cotton ovule cultures.cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) ovule cultures secreted a soluble peroxidase into the surrounding medium, resulting in a 200-fold increase in this activity during the 30-day growth period. the peroxidase activity was thermostable from 4°c to 60°c and displayed a ph optimum of 5.5 to 6.0. the ovule peroxidase was susceptible to periodate treatment and very resistant to protease digestion. the data suggest that the peroxidase activity is a glycoprotein. interpretation of peroxidase data may be comp ...198624248293
short-term storage of cotton pollen.several methods of storing cotton pollen (gossypium hirsutum l.) were evaluated. a successful pollen storage method that maintains fertility would enhance the crossing of breeding materials. storing pollen at ultra-low temperatures in liquid nitrogen or at 5°c was not successful. no storage method maintained pollen fertility for more than 72 h. cotton pollen did maintain adequate fertility up to 24 h at 10 and 15°c, at both low and high humidity when the pollen was stored in the detached flowers ...198624248291
heterogeneity of catalase in maturing and germinated cotton seeds.to investigate possible charge and size heterogeneity of catalase (ec 1.11.1.6) in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv deltapine 62), extracts of cotyledons from different developmental ages were subjected to nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. special precautions (e.g. fresh homogenates, reducing media) were necessary to prevent artefacts due to enzyme modification during extraction and storage. when the gels were stained for enzyme activity, two distinct ele ...198616664956
studies on h-translocating atpases in plants of varying resistance to salinity : ii. k strongly promotes development of membrane potential in vesicles from cotton roots.mg(2+)-atp-dependent h(+)-translocation has been studied in membrane vesicles derived from the roots of gossypium hirsutum l. var. acala san jose 2. establishment of a positive membrane potential was followed by measuring scn(-) accumulation; establishment of deltaph across the vesicle membranes by measuring quinacrine fluorescence quenching. high specificity for atp was shown, and h(+)-translocation was oligomycin stable. the ph profile for h(+)-translocation showed an optimum at 5.5. the relat ...198616664943
effects of nacl and cacl(2) on ion activities in complex nutrient solutions and root growth of cotton.sodium displaces ca(2+) from membranes (gr cramer, a läuchli, vs polito plant physiol 1985 79: 207-211) and this can be related to the (ca(2+))/(na(+))(2) activity ratio in the external solution (gr cramer, a läuchli 1986 j exp bot 37: 321-330). supplemental ca(2+) is known to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on plant growth. in this report we investigated the effects of nacl (0-250 millimolar) and ca(2+) (0.4 and 10 millimolar) on the ion activities in solution and on root growth of cot ...198616664904
characterization of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).seventeen cultivars of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) were evaluated for callus initiation and maintenance using 3 initiation media and 3 maintenance media. after a series of transfers of a 3% glucose media, calli were placed on a 3% sucrose medium. after several weeks calli were observed for the presence of embryo-like structures. cultivars coker 201 and coker 315 were identified as embryogenic. embryogenic callus has since been routinely obtained within 6 weeks by initiating callus on glucose ...198624248126
a rapid leaf-disc sampler for psychrometric water potential measurements.an instrument was designed which facilitates faster and more accurate sampling of leaf discs for psychrometric water potential measurements. the instrument consists of an aluminum housing, a spring-loaded plunger, and a modified brass-plated cork borer. the leaf-disc sampler was compared with the conventional method of sampling discs for measurement of leaf water potential with thermocouple psychrometers on a range of plant material including gossypium hirsutum l., zea mays l., and begonia rex-c ...198616664879
diurnal fluctuations in cotton leaf carbon export, carbohydrate content, and sucrose synthesizing enzymes.in fully expanded leaves of greenhouse-grown cotton (gossypium hirsutum l., cv coker 100) plants, carbon export, starch accumulation rate, and carbon exchange rate exhibited different behavior during the light period. starch accumulation rates were relatively constant during the light period, whereas carbon export rate was greater in the afternoon than in the morning even though the carbon exchange rate peaked about noon. sucrose levels increased throughout the light period and dropped sharply w ...198616664860
the physiological significance of phenylacetic acid in abscising cotton cotyledons.the physiological role of phenylacetic acid (paa) as an endogenous regulator of cotyledon abscission was examined using cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv lg 102) seedlings. application of 100 micromolar or more paa to leafless cotyledon abscission-zone explants resulted in the retardation of petiole abscission and a decrease in the rise of ethylene evolution that normally accompanies aging of these explants in vitro. the partial inhibition of ethylene evolution in these explants by paa was indire ...198616664834
effect of pollen-style interaction on the pollen tube growth of gossypium hirsutum.all possible crosses among 5 strains of gossypium hirsutum were made, and the pollen tubes were grown in vivo for 4 h before being fixed, stained and measured. temperatures ranging from 18.5 to 40.0 °c were tested for pollen germination and pollen tube growth. the optimal temperature for pollen tube growth was 30.0 °c. relative humidity levels of 0 to 100% were used as a pre-pollination treatment of the pollen. significant differences among the mean pollen tube length of the strains occurred due ...198624247777
recovery of soluble proteins from glanded cotton tissues with amines.a simple soluble protein extraction method was developed for glanded cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) tissues. gossypol, a major component of glands, is known to crosslink and precipitate proteins in cotton tissue homogenates. established phenolic removal reagents were evaluated as gossypol binding agents and found to be less than effective in enhancing cotton leaf-soluble protein recovery. several other amines, including a number of affinity support bound amines, were tested and found relatively ...19863706729
abscisic acid induction of cloned cotton late embryogenesis-abundant (lea) mrnas.earlier studies found that cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledons contain several mrnas which are more abundant during late embryogenesis than in mid-embryogenesis or early germination. they are here termed 'late embryogenesis-abundant' mrnas, encoded by lea loci. complementary dna clones for 18 such mrna sequences, defined at a hybridization criterion of tm-15°c, were identified in a mature embryo cdna library by differential cdna hybridization. at a lower hybridization criterion, some seque ...198624302301
isolation, culture, and cell division in cotyledon protoplasts of cotton (gossypium hirsutum and g. barbadense).protoplasts were isolated from cotyledons and foliage leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum and g. barbadense). cotyledon protoplasts were larger and responded to culture better than leaf protoplasts. cotyledon derived protoplasts regenerated cell walls and formed microcolonies of 2-3 cells in g. hirsutum and 5-8 cells in g. barbadense. however, the microcolonies did not grow beyond this stage. protoplast yield and viability, cell wall regeneration and cell division were influenced by several fac ...198624248051
penetration and postinfection development of meloidogyne incognita on cotton as affected by glomus intraradices and phosphorus.the influence of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices (gi) and superphosphate (p) on penetration, development, and reproduction of meloidogyne incognita (mi) was studied on the mi-susceptible cotton cultivar stoneville 213 in an environmental chamber at 28 c. plants were inoculated with mi eggs at planting or after 28 days and destructively sampled 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after nematode inoculation. mi penetration after 7 days was similar in all treatments at either ino ...198619294207
the response of foliar gas exchange to exogenously applied ethylene.the responsiveness to ethylene of net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to water vapor in intact plants was investigated in 13 herbaceous species representing seven plant families. exposures were conducted in an open, whole-plant exposure system providing controlled levels of irradiance, air temperature, co(2), relative humidity, and ethylene concentration. net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to water vapor in units of moles per square meter per second were measured on recently exp ...198616665086
Refresh
firstprev
...11121314151617181920
nextlast
Displaying items 1601 - 1700 of 1942