Publications

a theoretical approach to school-based hiv prevention.	to develop effective school-based programs to prevent the spread of aids, programmers must apply principles related to learning and behavior change. due to the complexity of influencing contemporary adolescent sexual behavior, a multidisciplinary approach using multiple intervention strategies is essential. health promotion efforts should include policy mandates, direct intervention, instruction, environmental support, media, role modeling, and social support. consistent, continuous messages thr ...	1989	2648068
oral and pharyngeal candidiasis. topical agents for management and prevention.	about half of the general population harbors candida species in oral flora, and oral candidal infections are common. however, in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients, candidiasis may progress to life-threatening systemic disease. patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, hiv disease, diabetes, or leukemia are particularly prone to serious systemic infection. chemotherapy for cancer and bone marrow and organ transplantation also provide physio ...	1989	2648372
alteration of proteins reacting with antibody to toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 by endogenous proteases of staphylococcus aureus.	many cases of toxic shock syndrome (tss) have been associated with staphylococcus aureus strains that produce in vitro a 22,000-dalton protein called toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1). tsst-1 has been shown to be linked phenotypically to the production of the type ii (thiol) staphylococcal protease; however, some strains clearly associated with tss do not produce tsst-1. with the use of a variety of antibodies to tsst-1, representatives of both tsst-1-positive and tsst-1-negative tss-associa ...	1989	2648536
bacterial growth and toxin production in ileostomy effluents.	escherichia coli (2), vibrio cholerae (2) and aeromonas sobria (1) strains were examined for their ability to grow and produce toxins in samples of ileostomy fluid. three categories of response were observed: no detectable growth, growth without detectable toxin, and growth with detectable toxin. clear differences were apparent between samples of ileostomy fluid obtained from different individuals and between samples obtained from the same individual at different times. the patterns of response ...	1989	2649680
glycosylation is not required for the fusion activity of the g protein of vesicular stomatitis virus in insect cells.	the gene encoding the complete glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv, indiana serotype g protein) with potential asparagine-linked glycans at amino acid residues 179 and 338 was inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector pacym1, derived from the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of autographa californica (acnpv). the gene was placed under the control of the acnpv polyhedrin promotor and expressed by the derived recombinant viruses to high levels in spodoptera frugiperda cell lines. the princ ...	1989	2650461
relevance of hepatitis b viral dna in assessment of potential liver allograft recipients.		1989	2652828
amino acid sequence of a 15 kilodalton actin-binding fragment of turkey gizzard caldesmon: similarity with dystrophin, tropomyosin and the tropomyosin-binding region of troponin t.	we have determined the amino acid sequence of a 15 kda actin-binding fragment of turkey gizzard caldesmon. the 96-residue fragment contains 29 acidic and 29 basic residues, and is predicted to have an extended helical conformation stabilized by numerous internal salt bridges. cad15 bears some resemblance to dystrophin, tropomyosin and several other proteins, but is most strikingly similar to the tropomyosin-binding segment of troponin t.	1989	2653315
campylobacter jejuni chromosomal sequences that hybridize to vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli lt enterotoxin genes.	campylobacter jejuni is one of the main etiologic agents of gastrointestinal illness in developing and developed areas throughout the world. isolation of enterotoxin-producing c. jejuni has been associated with clinical symptoms of a watery-secretory type of diarrhea. although physiological and immunological relatedness has been demonstrated between the c. jejuni enterotoxin (cjt), the vibrio cholerae enterotoxin (ct), and the heat-labile cholera-like escherichia coli enterotoxin (lt), nucleotid ...	1989	2653963
chromosomal transfer and in vivo cloning of genes in vibrio cholerae using rp4::mini-mu.	the rp4::mini-mu replicon has been used to transfer chromosomal genes by conjugation and to clone in vivo metabolic, toxin and flagellar genes of vibrio cholerae. rp4::mini-mu was introduced into several strains of v. cholerae and these strains were mated with v. cholerae or escherichia coli k-12 recipients. r'-episomes carrying the respective genes were maintained in reca recipients and were detected by complementation of auxotrophic, nontoxinogenic and aflagellate mutations in v. cholerae.	1989	2653964
heterogeneity of the exocrine pancreas.	the exocrine pancreas is generally considered to be a homogeneous organ at the morphological and functional levels. recent work, reviewed here, has provided multiple reasons to question this. morphologically, differences have been found in cell size and digestive enzyme content in "peri-" vs. "teleinsular" acini by methods including acinar separation, enzyme assay, and both light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. detection of several blood group antigens in human acinar tissue showed ...	1989	2655473
in situ survival of vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli in a tropical rain forest watershed.	for 12 months, vibrio cholerae and fecal coliform densities were monitored along with nine other water quality parameters at 12 sites in a rain forest watershed in puerto rico. densities of v. cholerae and fecal coliforms were not significantly correlated, even though the highest densities of both bacteria were found at a sewage outfall. high densities of v. cholerae were also found at pristine sites at the highest point in the watershed. the density of escherichia coli and v. cholerae in membra ...	1989	2655536
control of diarrheal diseases.	the tremendous advances made in the control of diarrheal diseases in the past few years indicate what more can be achieved. even though the lives of an estimated three quarters of a million children are being saved each year, over three million children are still dying from readily preventable diarrheal disease. the challenge is to build on the successes thus far, to learn from experience, to promote changes in health habits that will prevent diarrhea, and to make all of these activities sustain ...	1989	2655632
1h-nmr studies of synthetic polypeptide models of plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein tandemly repeated sequence.	the major immunodominant region of the coating protein of plasmodium falciparum sporozoites contains multiple tandem copies of the sequence asn-ala-asn-pro (nanp). current efforts for the development of an antisporozoite vaccine are focused on the synthesis of polypeptides reproducing part of the circumsporozoite protein repeat sequence and, in an attempt to relate conformational properties and biological response, 1h-nmr one- and two-dimensional studies of the synthetic models (nanp)2na and (na ...	1989	2655733
effects of peptidases on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory responses of tracheal smooth muscle: a comparison with effects on vip- and phi-induced relaxation.	1. the effects of peptidase enzymes on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (nanc) inhibitory responses of guinea-pig trachea to electrical field stimulation (efs), and on relaxations induced by vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) and peptide histidine isoleucine (phi) have been examined. 2. alpha-chymotrypsin reduced both the magnitude and, particularly, the duration of the inhibitory response to efs, whereas papain reduced only the magnitude. aprotinin, a peptidase inhibitor prevented the effects o ...	1989	2655804
detection of antigens from gram-negative bacilli in urine of children with urinary tract infections. i. common antigen of enterobacteriaceae.	enterobacterial common antigen (eca) has attracted considerable interest since the original publication by kunin in 1962. in the present study we demonstrated this antigen directly in the urine from patients with urinary tract infections (uti) elicited by enterobacteria. sheep erythrocytes were incubated with uti urine; this resulted in their coating with eca, which was studied by means of hemagglutination by anti-eca serum. test tube hemagglutination and the more simple slide hemagglutination w ...	1989	2656534
asymmetric dna bending induced by the yeast multifunctional factor tuf.	tuf is a yeast regulatory factor that binds to conserved dna sequence elements involved in gene activation or silencing as well as in telomere function. using gel electrophoresis analyses, we show here that tuf induces dna bending at a site located upstream of the recognition sequence (rpg box). several point mutations in the rpg box reduced tuf binding strength without affecting the extent of bending. selective proteolysis of tuf.dna complexes further suggested the existence of two separate pro ...	1989	2656680
[survey on overseas traveller's diarrhea at narita airport quarantine station--the species of bacteria isolated and the suspected countries for infection].		1989	2657132
[clinical features of overseas travellers' infectious enteritis admitted in the hospitals for infectious diseases].		1989	2657133
hormonal regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression is mediated through modulation of an already disrupted chromatin structure.	we used indirect end labeling to identify a series of five hypersensitive (hs) sites in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) gene in h4iie rat hepatoma cells. these sites were found at -4800 base pairs (bp) (site a), at -1300 bp (site b), over a broad domain between -400 and -30 bp (site c), at +4650 bp (site d), and at +6200 bp (site e). sites a to d were detected only in cells capable of expressing the pepck gene, whereas site e was present in all of the cells examined thus far. the h ...	1989	2657389
pro-sequence of subtilisin can guide the refolding of denatured subtilisin in an intermolecular process.	subtilisin e, an alkaline serine protease consisting of a single polypeptide chain of 275 amino acids is produced from a pre-pro-protein. the pre-sequence functions as the signal peptide for protein secretion across the membrane. deletion of the pro-sequence yields mature but inactive subtilisin: the 77-amino acid pro-sequence must precede the mature subtilisin to guide the latter into an active conformation. pro-subtilisin denatured in 6 m guanidine-hcl can be self-processed to the active enzym ...	1989	2657436
a role for hemispheric asymmetry in human behavioral variability.	a model is presented in which functional lateral specialization and selective hemisphere priming combine to provide a mechanism for behavioral variability. the model is tested and supported by two experiments in which lateral attentional priming produces significant reductions in between-subject and within-subject variability. these findings help us to understand the source of behavioral variability, broaden our knowledge of the gross structures and functions of the brain, provide information ab ...	1989	2657608
amoxicillin in the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy: a single dose of 3 g amoxicillin versus a 4-day course of 3 doses 750 mg amoxicillin.	a prospective, randomized, controlled comparative clinical trial was carried out with the aim of investigating the efficacy and tolerance of two different dosage regimens of amoxicillin in the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy. patients in group a received a single dose of 3 g amoxicillin, which was compared to a 4-day course of 3 x 750 mg amoxicillin tablets taken every 8 h (group b). significant bacteriuria (cfu greater than or equal to 10(5)/ml clean catch midstream urine ...	1989	2659442
lack of correlation between congo red binding and enteroinvasiveness in escherichia coli.		1989	2659682
cytoskeletal proteins including myofilaments in human tumors.		1989	2660368
[effect of bacterial toxins on the mitogen-induced increase of the ca2+ concentration in the cytoplasm of rat thymocytes. the role of n proteins].	the effect of bacterial toxins, modifying the activity of regulatory n proteins of adenylate cyclase and probably other systems, on the mitogen-induced changes of cytosolic free ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]i) has been studied using ca2+ fluorescent probe quin-2. it is shown that treatment of thymocytes with cholera toxin, e. coli heat-labile (hl) toxin or pertussis toxin abolishes the concanavalin a (con a)-induced rise of [ca2+]i. the inhibitory effect of cholera and hl toxins can be explained by ...	1989	2660922
[campylobacter pylori and pathology of the gastro-duodenal mucosa. critical review of clinico-experimental and therapeutic contributions].	over the past five years, a series of important contributions have appeared in the medical literature on the role of infective agents in the pathogenesis of gastric and duodenal inflammation. the analysis of the available data confirms the possible role of campylobacter pylori in causing acute inflammation of the type b antral gastritis, although its role in the pathogenesis of gastric and duodenal ulcer and of the socalled non ulcer dyspepsia is still doubtful. not even the results of therapeut ...	1989	2661960
what lies ahead in infant nutrition.	factors in human milk serve as stimuli for present and future investigation as supplements for infants. these substances involve macronutrients and micronutrients. some substances such as minerals may serve as guidelines for minima and maxima for infant nutrition. while nutritional studies are needed for the prevention of disease, simultaneous nutritional studies for low birth weight and ill infants will bring major alterations in understanding of nutritional needs and types of feedings to becom ...	1989	2662411
picosecond tryptophan fluorescence of thioredoxin: evidence for discrete species in slow exchange.	the steady-state tryptophan fluorescence and time-resolved tryptophan fluorescence of escherichia coli thioredoxin, calf thymus thioredoxin, and yeast thioredoxin have been studied. in all proteins, the tryptophan residues undergo strong static and dynamic quenching, probably due to charge-transfer interactions with the nearby sulfur atoms of the active cysteines. the use of a high-resolution photon counting instrument, with a time response of 60 ps full width at half-maximum, allowed the detect ...	1989	2663070
clinical trial of clonidine hydrochloride as an antisecretory agent in cholera.	clonidine hydrochloride (an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist) was tested for antisecretory effects in patients with cholera in a randomized controlled trial. nineteen adults with diarrhea due to vibrio cholerae were treated with clonidine (0.9 mg/24 h orally for 72 h) and 18 served as controls. during the first 24 h of treatment and for 24 h afterwards, the mean +/- sd concentrations of sodium (in millimoles per liter) in the stools of clonidine-treated patients were 120.6 +/- 10.9 and 112.3 +/- 11. ...	1989	2663610
the post-antibiotic effect defined by bacterial morphology.	three strains of escherichia coli were incubated with either ciprofloxacin or ampicillin. filamentation of bacteria was observed after 1-2 h. after 5 h of contact with either drug the percentage of filaments exceeded 90%. the organisms were washed and incubated on drug free medium. antibiotics when bound to an enzyme render that enzyme inactive; upon removal of the organisms from the antibiotic, the synthesis of enzymes resumes. the period of time encompassing the inactive enzymatic state of the ...	1989	2663811
alcoholism and other drug dependencies.	the disease of addiction is upon us and it is obvious that the elderly are not immune. there is every reason to believe from early reports that the elderly respond favorably to treatment, perhaps more so than their younger counterparts. it is believed that treating chemical dependency as a primary disease rather than as a symptom of something else has been a great boon in terms of improving recovery rates. furthermore, group therapy is the main component of treatment in rehabilitation, as it aff ...	1989	2664840
oral cholera vaccines containing b-subunit-killed whole cells and killed whole cells only. ii. field evaluation of cross-protection against other members of the vibrionaceae family.	because of demonstrable cross-reactivity of cellular antigens contained in b subunit-killed whole-cell (bs-wc) and killed whole-cell-only (wc) oral cholera vaccines with antigens of various non-cholera species of the family vibrionaceae (ncv), the protection conferred by the vaccines against diarrhoea associated with ncv was evaluated during a randomized, double-blind field trial in bangladesh. children aged 2-15 years and women aged greater than 15 years (62,285 in number) received three doses ...	1989	2665350
high-resolution structure of the temperature-sensitive mutant of phage lysozyme, arg 96----his.	the structure of the temperature-sensitive mutant lysozyme of bacteriophage t4 in which arginine 96 is replaced by histidine has been determined crystallographically and refined to a residual of 17.6% at 1.9-a resolution. overall, the three-dimensional structure of the mutant protein is extremely similar to that of wild type. there are local distortions in the mutant structure suggesting that the substituted his 96 residue is under strain. this appears to be one of the major reasons for the decr ...	1989	2665808
high-resolution structure of the temperature-sensitive mutant of phage lysozyme, arg 96----his.	the structure of the temperature-sensitive mutant lysozyme of bacteriophage t4 in which arginine 96 is replaced by histidine has been determined crystallographically and refined to a residual of 17.6% at 1.9-a resolution. overall, the three-dimensional structure of the mutant protein is extremely similar to that of wild type. there are local distortions in the mutant structure suggesting that the substituted his 96 residue is under strain. this appears to be one of the major reasons for the decr ...	1989	2665808
binding of vibrio cholera toxin and the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli to gm1, derivatives of gm1, and nonlipid oligosaccharide polyvalent ligands.	vibrio cholera toxin and the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli have been shown to differ somewhat in their ligand specificity and in the antigenicity of their binding sites. therefore, the components of the oligosaccharide portion of gm1 bound by cholera toxin and the heat-labile enterotoxin of e. coli were identified by determining the concentration of gm1, derivatives of gm1, oligosaccharide isolated from gm1, or clustered oligosaccharide needed to inhibit toxin binding to gm1-coated ...	1989	2666416
purification and characterization of a protease produced by vibrio cholerae non-o1 and comparison with a protease of v. cholerae o1.	a protease produced by a clinical isolate of vibrio cholerae non-o1 was purified to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation and successive column chromatography on deae-sephadex a25, sephadex g100, mono q, and phenyl superose. like the hemagglutinin-protease of v. cholerae o1, the purified protease had both hemagglutinating and proteolytic activities. the protease was heat labile, and in contrast to crude preparations, no arrhenius effect was observed with the purified protein. im ...	1989	2668188
sulfonylurea binding to adipocyte membranes and potentiation of insulin-stimulated hexose transport.	we have previously shown that the sulfonylureas increase insulin-stimulated glucose transport in adipocytes mainly by enhancing the insulin-induced recruitment of glucose transporter from its intracellular storage pool to the plasma membrane (jacobs, d. b., and jung, c. y. (1985) j. biol. chem. 260, 2593-2596). in order to determine if this sulfonylurea effect is mediated by a specific membrane-associated sulfonylurea-binding protein, in the present report we measured exact dose dependence of th ...	1989	2668270
purification, crystallization, and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of the flavoenzyme mercuric ion reductase from bacillus sp. strain rc607.	the flavoenzyme mercuric ion reductase from bacillus sp. strain rc607 was purified by dye-ligand affinity chromatography. the protein was crystallized from solutions of high ionic strength, and one of the two crystal forms obtained has proven suitable for x-ray diffraction studies. preliminary analysis showed that these crystals belong to the tetragonal space group 1422. the unit cell dimensions are a = b = 180.7 a; c = 127.9 a. the diffraction pattern extends to better than 3 a resolution. crys ...	1989	2668287
use of lymphokine-activated killer cells to prevent bone marrow graft rejection and lethal graft-vs-host disease.	prompted by our recent finding that lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells mediate both veto and natural suppression, we tested the ability of adoptively transferred lak cells to block two in vivo alloreactions which complicate bone marrow transplantation: resistance to transplanted allogeneic bone marrow cells, and lethal graft-vs-host disease. adoptive transfer of either donor type b6d2 or recipient-type b6 lymphokine-activated bone marrow cells, cells found to have strong lak activity, abrog ...	1989	2668409
a new tool for the serodiagnosis of acute plasmodium falciparum malaria in individuals with primary infection.	we have developed an elisa which detects, with high specificity, antibodies against a major surface protein of p. falciparum merozoites which is a processing product of the precursor glycoprotein gp190. this assay can be used in the diagnosis of acute malaria in individuals with primary infection. two partial sequences of gp190 were expressed in e. coli as beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) fusion proteins. the same sequences fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) or mouse dihydrofolate red ...	1989	2668417
quantitative histologic study of the influence of spinal instrumentation on lumbar fusions: a canine model.	histomorphometric and microradiographic studies were performed on 28 beagle hounds 1 year of age, followed up for 6 months after an l5-l6 anterior and posterior spinal destabilization procedure--group i (n = 7), destabilized surgical controls; group ii (n = 7), posterolateral bone grafting after destabilization; group iii (n = 7), harrington rod instrumentation and posterolateral bone grafting after destabilization; and group iv (n = 7), luque instrumentation, and bone grafting after destabiliza ...	1989	2668473
white-footed mice: tick burdens and role in the epizootiology of potomac horse fever in maryland.	one hundred ten white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were captured on horse farms in south-central maryland, examined for ticks, and tested for specific antibodies to ehrlichia risticii, the causative agent of potomac horse fever. peromyscus leucopus were consistently infested with immature american dog ticks (dermacentor variabilis), with monthly prevalences as high as 80%. sera from all 97 p. leucopus tested for antibodies to e. risticii were negative. this indicates that p. leucopus is not ...	1989	2668569
kex2 mutations suppress rna polymerase ii mutants and alter the temperature range of yeast cell growth.	suppressors of a temperature-sensitive rna polymerase ii mutation were isolated to identify proteins that interact with rna polymerase ii in yeast cells. ten independently isolated extragenic mutations that suppressed the temperature-sensitive mutation rpb1-1 and produced a cold-sensitive phenotype were all found to be alleles of a single gene, srb1. an srb1 partial deletion mutant was further investigated and found to exhibit several pleiotropic phenotypes. these included suppression of numerou ...	1989	2668732
kex2 mutations suppress rna polymerase ii mutants and alter the temperature range of yeast cell growth.	suppressors of a temperature-sensitive rna polymerase ii mutation were isolated to identify proteins that interact with rna polymerase ii in yeast cells. ten independently isolated extragenic mutations that suppressed the temperature-sensitive mutation rpb1-1 and produced a cold-sensitive phenotype were all found to be alleles of a single gene, srb1. an srb1 partial deletion mutant was further investigated and found to exhibit several pleiotropic phenotypes. these included suppression of numerou ...	1989	2668732
fungistatic activity of miconazole against candida albicans in relation to ph and concentration of nonprotonated drug.	at less than 10(-5) m, miconazole (mcz) exerts a fungistatic effect on candida albicans, presumably by interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis. the imidazole moiety of mcz is subject to protonation (pka approximately 6.5). based on pka and greater water solubility of protonated (mczh+) versus nonprotonated (mczo) drug, fungistatic action ought to be markedly affected by environmental ph, but apparently it is not. in this report growth phase, ph, and concentrations of mcz and mczo have been stud ...	1989	2668754
vibrio cholerae vaccines.	several approaches to the development of a safe and effective vaccine against vibrio cholerae are currently being pursued. these candidate vaccines include (1) live v. cholerae strains attenuated by recombinant dna techniques; (2) killed whole v. cholerae organisms plus purified cholera enterotoxin b subunit; and (3) cloned v. cholerae antigens in a salmonella carrier strain. the first two approaches have been the most extensively studied in clinical trials, and all three types of vaccines are a ...	1989	2669100
infectious and toxic syndromes from fish and shellfish consumption. a review.	primary care physicians care for large numbers of patients presenting with "food poisoning" or gastroenteritis. when a patient who presents with acute gastrointestinal illness, especially in conjunction with neurologic or cutaneous symptoms, is evaluated, the history should focus on past seafood consumption (particularly raw or undercooked seafood). the infectious syndromes are generally self-limited and respond to supportive care; exceptions are those caused by vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnif ...	1989	2669661
binding specificities of heat-labile enterotoxins isolated from porcine and human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli for different gangliosides.	the binding specificities of heat-labile enterotoxins (ltp and lth) isolated from porcine and human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli on human erythrocytes were studied by competitive binding assays using different gangliosides as inhibitors. the binding of 125i-labeled ltp to neuraminidase-treated human type a erythrocytes was most effectively inhibited by ganglioside gm1. ganglioside gm1 was 11 and 105 times more potent than gangliosides gd1b and gm2, respectively. gangliosides gd1a, gt1b, and ...	1989	2670153
a novel urinary sialoglycoprotein as the inhibitor of interleukin-1.	an inhibitor of interleukin-1 (il-1) was purified to homogeneity from febrile human urine by using a sequence of ammonium sulphate fractionation, deae-cellulose chromatography and gel filtration on a column of aca 54. the inhibitor was a sialoglycoprotein and its molecular weight, examined by sds-page, was found to be 30 kd. it was acidic in nature and its isoelectric point, determined by electrofocusing on thin-layer polyacrylamide gels, was found to be 3.5-3.6. the inhibitor was sensitive to t ...	1989	2670348
cloning, nucleotide sequence, and hybridization studies of the type iib heat-labile enterotoxin gene of escherichia coli.	type iib heat-labile enterotoxin (lt-iib) is produced by escherichia coli 41. restriction fragments of total cell dna from strain 41 were cloned into a cosmid vector, and one cosmid clone that encoded lt-iib was identified. the genes for lt-iib were subcloned into a variety of plasmids, expressed in minicells, sequenced, and compared with the structural genes for other members of the vibrio cholerae-e. coli enterotoxin family. the a subunits of these toxins all have similar adp-ribosyltransferas ...	1989	2670900
a monoclonal antibody to a 48 k antigen in oestrogen-dependent human breast cancer cells.	a mouse was immunised with an antigen(s) purified by oestradiol-sepharose affinity chromatography of pooled oestrogen-receptor positive cytosols from human breast cancer tissue. one antibody secreting clone was identified which precipitated labelled antigen and which also stained mcf-7 cells. culture supernatant and ascites fluid were used for immunofluorescence, sds-page-western blotting, photoaffinity labelling and binding studies. the antibody staining of mcf-7 cells was inhibited by preincub ...	1989	2671504
structure and regulation of the multigene family controlling maltose fermentation in budding yeast.		1989	2672110
the expression of enterotoxin a-b+ gene of v. cholerae in e. coli.	the cloning in e. coli of a cholerae toxin gene that is a-b+ has been successfully constructed by using dna recombinant techniques. e. coli cells carrying the recombinant plasmid pmm-ctb have been shown to produce a large amount of ctb subunits which are secreted as extracellular proteins.	1989	2673288
investigation of the structure of the capsular polysaccharide of escherichia coli k55 using klebsiella bacteriophage phi 5.	the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from escherichia coli o9:k55 (n 24c) has been studied, using methylation analysis, degradation by bacteriophage, and n.m.r. spectroscopy. depolymerisation of the k55 polysaccharide, using the lyase enzyme borne by klebsiella phi 5, yielded a tri- and a hexa-saccharide, analysis of which indicated the following repeating unit. (formula; see text) this structure differs from that for the repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide of klebsiella k5 onl ...	1989	2673507
a risk assessment process for allergic contact sensitization.	this review describes an approach that has been used to assess the skin sensitization risk of new chemicals and product formulations prior to launching the new chemical or product on the market. the risk assessment process utilizes a comparative toxicological approach, in which data on the inherent toxicity of a material, and the exposure to it through manufacturing or consumer use or foreseeable misuse, are integrated and compared with data generated by 'benchmark' materials of similar chemistr ...	1989	2673957
a risk assessment process for allergic contact sensitization.	this review describes an approach that has been used to assess the skin sensitization risk of new chemicals and product formulations prior to launching the new chemical or product on the market. the risk assessment process utilizes a comparative toxicological approach, in which data on the inherent toxicity of a material, and the exposure to it through manufacturing or consumer use or foreseeable misuse, are integrated and compared with data generated by 'benchmark' materials of similar chemistr ...	1989	2673957
expression and detection of different biotype-associated cell-bound haemagglutinins of vibrio cholerae o1.	the expression of two cell-bound haemagglutinins, one sensitive to l-fucose (fsha) and the other to d-mannose (msha), on vibrio cholerae o1 strains of both the classical and the el tor biotypes was studied by (i) agglutination of chicken and human group o erythrocytes in the presence of l-fucose or d-mannose, (ii) binding of the bacteria to l-fucose- and d-mannose-coated agarose beads, and (iii) agglutination of the bacteria by 'biotype-specific' antisera. all of the 12 classical strains studied ...	1989	2674322
modeling of palmitate transport in the heart.	transport of palmitate from the albumin-palmitate complex in the plasma to inside mitochondria where it undergoes beta-oxidation is a multistep process. albumin's large size prevents permeation via interendothelial clefts. palmitate dissociation from albumin in solution is too slow to provide an adequate supply of the unbound palmitate. the discovery that the dissociation occurs upon albumin binding to an endothelial surface receptor resolves the conundrum. palmitate transport across the luminal ...	1989	2674667
modeling of palmitate transport in the heart.	transport of palmitate from the albumin-palmitate complex in the plasma to inside mitochondria where it undergoes beta-oxidation is a multistep process. albumin's large size prevents permeation via interendothelial clefts. palmitate dissociation from albumin in solution is too slow to provide an adequate supply of the unbound palmitate. the discovery that the dissociation occurs upon albumin binding to an endothelial surface receptor resolves the conundrum. palmitate transport across the luminal ...	1989	2674667
up-regulation of prostaglandin e2 binding and of prostanoid release in rabbits producing antibodies against prostaglandin e2.	german giant rabbits successfully immunized against prostaglandin (pg) e2 as shown by a rise in antibody titers developed gastric mucosal lesions. enzymatically dispersed gastric mucosal cells of these animals had a significantly enhanced production of pg e2 and pg i2 as measured by specific radioimmunoassays. this may be explained by an increased supply with endogenous arachidonic acid (as indicated by an enhanced phospholipase a2/lat ratio) and by a higher activity of the subsequent pg forming ...	1989	2675196
a biotin-streptavidin amplified enzymeimmunoassay for 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-pgf2 alpha.	as an alternative for radioimmunoassays a new enzyme immunoassay (eia) for the determination of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto pgf2 alpha (pgfm) has been developed. biocytin was linked to pgfm by the n-hydroxysuccinimide method and the product (biocytinyl-pgfm) purified by reversed phase column chromatography. biocytinyl-pgfm was used in the eia as a bridge between the immobilized pgfm-antibody and streptavidin-peroxidase. the absolute sensitivity of the assay was about 160 amol (92% rel. binding) and re ...	1989	2675197
[primary malignant melanoma of the bladder. apropos of a case].	the authors report about a case of a primitive melanoma of the bladder that a man aged 77 years suffered of. the diagnosis was carried-out with certain difficulty on fragments of endoscopic resection and was discussed from the clinical facts as well as from the anatomo-pathological results and, more particularly, from the immuno-histochemical results. this study makes it possible that a comparison be made with those rare cases observed on a world-scale basis which are described in the literature ...	1989	2677153
[antibacterial and bactericidal activities of japanese green tea].	we found that extracts of japanese green tea leaves inhibited the growth of various bacteria causing diarrheal diseases. all tea samples tested showed antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, vibrio cholerae o1, v. cholerae non o1. v. parahaemolyticus, v. mimicus, campylobacter jejuni and plesiomonas shigelloides. none of the tea samples had any effect on the growth of v. fluvialis, aeromonas sobria, a. hydrophila, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enteritidis, ente ...	1989	2677434
[a case of chronic bronchitis with pasteurella multocida possibly resulting from infection from a bird].	a 60-year-old woman was admitted to our division for further evaluation of fever and purulent sputa. in sputum cultures performed when the patient had complained of an increase in symptoms on three occasions during the previous 6 months, pasteurella multicoida was usually detected. based on the fact that the bacteria had been detected from the patient's sputa after feeding a macaw, but was not detected after treatment of the bird with oflx, a diagnosis of respiratory tract infection by p. multoc ...	1989	2677461
effect of hyperglycemia on hepatic extraction of insulin in totally pancreatectomized dogs.	using the glucose clamp technique, we investigated the effect of blood glucose levels on hepatic extraction of insulin in pancreatectomized dogs. a primed continuous infusion of regular insulin was administered at a rate 1.5 mu/kg body wt./min into the portal or peripheral vein and the blood glucose level was clamped at hyperglycemia (over 200 mg/dl) or euglycemia (below 100 mg/dl) by a variable infusion of glucose through the saphenous or portal vein. plasma insulin concentrations were measured ...	1989	2677518
establishment and characterization of human glioblastoma cell lines in vitro and their xenografts in nude mice.	human gliomas were grown as permanent tissue cultures and xenografts in nude mice. growth kinetics, immunohistology and karyotypes were established. one tumor showed a distinct change in its karyotype after only two passages in nude mice; by contrast, no change of immunophenotype occurred during and after in vivo passaging. treatment of this glioma as xenograft in nude mice revealed a high sensitivity towards single agent treatment with bcnu. in view of the cytologic aberrations, however, this r ...	1989	2677876
rapid colony screening of yac libraries by using alginate as matrix support.		1989	2678011
abnormal insulin metabolism by specific organs from rats with spontaneous hypertension.	spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) have been shown to be both insulin resistant and hyperinsulinemic after oral glucose administration or infusion of exogenous insulin during an insulin suppression test. to determine if this hyperinsulinemia may be due to decreased removal of insulin, the metabolic clearance (k) of insulin was measured in isolated perfused liver, kidney, and hindlimb skeletal muscle from shr and wistar-kyoto (wky) control rats. the data indicate that the k for insulin removal ...	1989	2679128
detection of intracellular canine distemper virus antigen in mink inoculated with an attenuated or a virulent strain of canine distemper virus.	using an indirect immunofluorescence technique, the distribution of viral antigen in various tissues and blood mononuclear leukocytes was studied in wild mink, either vaccinated with an attenuated vaccine strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) or experimentally inoculated with the virulent snyder-hill strain of cdv. viral antigen was detected in cells of the lymphoid system 6 to 12 days after vaccination. from 2 to 3 days after inoculation with the virulent strain, cdv antigen was demonstrated i ...	1989	2679253
induction of acantholysis in organ explant culture by penicillamine and captopril.	pemphigus is an autoimmune disease proved to be mediated by igg autoantibodies. skin lesions clinically and histologically identical to pemphigus may occur in patients receiving penicillamine and captopril, but some of these patients lack circulating or tissue-bound autoantibodies. therefore, we examined the ability of these drugs to produce acantholysis directly in organ explant culture. human skin explants were prepared from split-thickness graft skin from adults and from neonatal foreskins. e ...	1989	2679399
[regional strategy of surveillance of pathogenic agents of infectious diarrhea having epidemic potential].	the authors expose the strategy put into effect to identify quickly, and fight against the pathogenic agents responsible for epidemic outbreak in rural areas, which, until now--were not properly controlled.	1989	2680134
use of hybridoma immunoglobulin switch variants in the analysis of the protective properties of anti-lipopolysaccharide antibodies in escherichia coli k1 infection.	functional properties of rat immunoglobulins obtained from hybridoma isotype switch variants were studied in vivo in a rat model for neonatal bacterial sepsis. escherichia coli 018:k1, a common cause of human neonatal sepsis and meningitis, was injected intravenously into 6-day-old rats after incubation with 018-specific antibodies igm, igg1, igg2a, igg2b, igg2c, ige and iga. the clearance of bacteria treated with saline or ige was low, whereas monoclonal antibodies of other isotypes triggered h ...	1989	2680911
digit-muscle responses evoked from multiple intracortical foci in monkey precentral motor cortex.	1. the precentral motor cortex, including the anterior bank of the central sulcus of monkey (macaca fuscata), was systemically penetrated with microelectrodes to determine the spatial organization of the microexcitable cortical elements that can produce responses in digit muscles. 2. at 200-microns intervals on each electrode track, low-current intracortical microstimuli were delivered and the muscle responses evoked from four digit muscles were recorded. the responses, obtained with 5, 8, 15, a ...	1989	2681562
gnrh peptides and regulation of the corpus luteum.		1989	2681738
mechanism of action of gnrh-induced oocyte maturation.		1989	2681744
comparison of direct immunofluorescent staining and an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay for identifying chlamydia trachomatis in cervical and urethral specimens.	a direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) stain (microtrak, syva) and an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (chlamydiazyme, abbott) were used to detect chlamydial infection in 179 cervical specimens and 56 specimens obtained from the female urethra. chlamydiazyme, when compared with the dfa technique, revealed a high degree of correlation in these specimens (22 and 21 positive cervical specimens, respectively, and 7 each positive urethral specimens). since both techniques are readily available, inexp ...	1989	2681749
the failure of intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy in refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.	eleven patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy refractory to treatment with corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents were treated with monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide (0.75-1.357 g/m2). six patients completed a full course of 7 infusions at which point only one patient met predefined criteria for improvement in both strength and function. five had modest improvement in strength but did not meet the criteria for improvement. all patients have subsequently required treatment ...	1989	2681763
acute gluteal abscesses: injectable chloroquine as a cause.	one hundred and seven patients admitted to the casualty department with acute gluteal abscesses and surgically drained were studied. in 91 patients (85%) the abscess was a result of an intramuscular injection, of whom 71 patients (66%) had the abscess following a chloroquine injection (antimalarial). of those patients with an abscess following an intramuscular injection, in 64 patients (70%) a disposable syringe was used for injection of the drug and in 18% a boiled disposable was used. the inje ...	1989	2681814
[reca-independence of the process of amplification caused by the rs-1 sequence of vibrio cholerae].	the processes of amplification and deamplification of a plasmid dna segment flanked by direct repeats of rsi-sequence of vibrio cholerae and carrying the structural genes of cholera toxin inside the recombinant plasmid in e. coli cells have been studied. these processes determined by rsi-sequences are shown to take place independent of the reca-system of e. coli cells.	1989	2682220
vibrio cholerae non-o1 infection presenting as localized cellulitis.	vibrio cholerae non-o1 characteristically causes gastrointestinal illness but can occasionally be responsible for extra-intestinal infections. the authors report an unusual case of a man presenting with extensive cellulitis that did not improve with conventional antimicrobial therapy. vibrio cholerae non-o1 was later isolated from a cutaneous bulla. although he had severe hepatic cirrhosis, the infection remained confined to the cutaneous tissues and he was never bacteremic. he improved dramatic ...	1989	2683771
single-dose treatment of cholera with furazolidone or tetracycline in a double-blind randomized trial.	to evaluate single doses of 400 mg of furazolidone and 1 g of tetracycline given orally to patients with diarrhea due to vibrio cholerae, we studied 87 adults in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. all patients received intravenous fluids for rehydration and no other drugs. the total volumes of stool (mean +/- standard deviation) during a 6-day period after treatment were significantly smaller in the tetracycline group (10.5 +/- 8.6 liters) than in the furazolidone group (20.9 ...	1989	2684006
detection with synthetic oligonucleotide probes of nucleotide sequence variations in the genes encoding enterotoxins of escherichia coli.	we examined variations in the genes encoding heat-stable enterotoxin (st) and heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) in 88 strains of escherichia coli isolated from individuals with traveler's diarrhea to find suitable sequences for use as oligonucleotide probes. four oligonucleotide probes of the gene encoding st of human origin (stib or sth), one oligonucleotide probe of the gene encoding st of porcine origin (stia or stp), and three oligonucleotide probes of the gene encoding lt of human origin (ltih) ...	1989	2685027
[clinical significance of immunoscintigraphy for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal malignant tumors].	eighty-one immunoscintigraphy (is) studies in 80 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies were re-evaluated retrospectively to analyze accuracy and clinical impact of the is findings. selection of patients was based upon complete diagnostic records and a clinical follow-up of at least 6 months. the 3 antibody preparations used (99m-tc labelled complete anti-cea antibodies (bw 431/26), 111-in labelled f(ab')2-fragments against cea (bw 431/31), and a mixture of 131-i labelled f(ab')2-fragments ...	1989	2685690
[the development of a quantitative method for the in vivo determination of the adhesive activity of vibrio cholerae].	the dynamics of the distribution and adhesion of v. cholerae in the intestine of suckling rabbits has been studied. the quantitative method for the in vivo determination of the adhesive activity of v. cholerae has been developed with the use of suckling rabbits as an experimental model. the method may be used for the determination of v. cholerae virulence and the pathogenesis of cholera.	1989	2686301
[quantitative evaluation of the adhesive activity of vibrio cholerae with various degrees of virulence].	in the studies on the evaluation of v. cholerae adhesion on suckling rabbits by our method, the adhesive activity of the vibrios has been found to be directly related to their virulence. this method may be used as an additional test for the differentiation of virulent and avirulent v. cholerae.	1989	2686311
mechanisms of resistance in anaerobes and new developments in testing.	anaerobic bacteria currently demonstrate increased resistance to antimicrobial agents, primarily by the production of beta-lactamase. a number of species of bacteroides, most notably those in the bacteroides fragilis group, produce these enzymes. a few species of fusobacterium and clostridium produce beta-lactamase as well. fortunately, this mechanism of resistance is readily overcome by administering beta-lactamase inhibitors coupled with a beta-lactam antibiotic that would otherwise be inactiv ...	1989	2686914
methyl-directed repair of frameshift heteroduplexes in cell extracts from escherichia coli.	the methyl-directed dna repair efficiency of a series of m13mp9 frameshift heteroduplexes 1, 2, or 3 unpaired bases was determined by using an in vitro dna mismatch repair assay. repair of hemimethylated frameshift heteroduplexes in vitro was directed to the unmethylated strand; was dependent on muth, mutl, and muts; and was equally efficient on base insertions and deletions. however, fully methylated frameshift heteroduplexes were resistant to repair, while totally unmethylated substrates were ...	1989	2687237
regulator and enzyme specificities of the tol plasmid-encoded upper pathway for degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons and expansion of the substrate range of the pathway.	the tol plasmid upper pathway operon encodes enzymes involved in the catabolism of aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylenes. the regulator of the gene pathway, the xylr protein, exhibits a very broad effector specificity, being able to recognize as effectors not only pathway substrates but also a wide variety of mono- and disubstituted methyl-, ethyl-, and chlorotoluenes, benzyl alcohols, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde. benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase and benzaldehyde dehydrogenase, two upper pa ...	1989	2687253
sodium-transport nadh-quinone reductase of a marine vibrio alginolyticus.	the respiratory chain of a marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, required na+ for maximum activity, and the site of na+ -dependent activation was localized on the nadh-quinone reductase segment. the na+ -dependent nadh-quinone reductase extruded na+ as a direct result of redox reaction. it was composed of three subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, with apparent mr of 52, 46, and 32 kda, respectively. the reduction of ubiquinone-1 to ubiquinol proceeded via ubisemiquinone radicals. the former reac ...	1989	2687259
expression of the catalytic subunit of camp-dependent protein kinase in escherichia coli.	a cdna clone for the catalytic subunit of murine camp-dependent protein kinase was placed into two expression vectors, plws-3 and plsw-4. for plws-3, the entire coding region of the catalytic subunit was inserted into the ndei site of pt7-7 under the control of the t7 promoter. plws-4 contains a polycistronic transcript under control of the lac uv5 promoter encoding for the type i regulatory subunit followed by the catalytic subunit. significant expression was achieved with plws-4 in escherichia ...	1989	2687267
complement component c1q enhances invasion of human mononuclear phagocytes and fibroblasts by trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes.	internalization and infectivity of trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes by macrophages is enhanced by prior treatment of parasites with normal human serum. heating serum or removing c1q from serum abrogates the enhancement, but augmentation of attachment and infectivity is restored by addition of purified c1q to either serum source. although both noninfective epimastigotes (epi) and vertebrate-stage tissue culture trypomastigotes (tct) bind c1q in saturable fashion at 4 degrees c, internalization b ...	1989	2687332
a mutation in the dam gene of vibrio cholerae: 2-aminopurine sensitivity with intact gatc methylase activity.	vibrio cholerae mutants sensitive to 2-aminopurine (2ap) but with dna adenine methylase activity similar to parental cells have been isolated. the mutant strains were sensitive to ultraviolet light (uv), methyl methane sulphonate (mms) and 9-aminoacridine. the spontaneous mutation frequency of the mutants were not significantly affected. attempts to isolate dam v. cholerae cells by screening 2ap sensitive cells have not been successful. all the mutant phenotypes could be suppressed by introducin ...	1989	2688642
assay for sialidase using erythrocytes and peroxidase-labeled peanut lectin.	a rapid and sensitive sialidase assay method based on peroxidase-labeled peanut lectin (pna) binding to desialylated erythrocyte is described. formalinized sheep erythrocytes were used both as a stable substrate for sialidase and as a target for the lectin. in the case of sialidases from vibrio cholerae and arthrobacter ureafaciens, a linear relationship was observed between the amount of peroxidase-labeled pna bound to erythrocytes and the enzyme amount. binding of the lectin to sialidase-treat ...	1989	2688936
cholera on the louisiana gulf coast: historical notes and case report.	a 67-year old woman was brought by ambulance to the hospital because of syncope and collapse. forty-eight hours prior to the admission she ate some crabs with her husband. the morning of admission she awakened with massive, watery diarrhea followed by vomiting and shock. she was admitted to the intensive care unit with hypotension and bradycardia. she was resuscitated after a large volume of fluid was administered. approximately 22 liters of fluids were administered in 24 hours. stool cultures g ...	1989	2689545
antibiotic resistance in the tropics. 1. the genetics of bacterial ampicillin resistance in tropical areas.	ampicillin and its derivatives are the most widely used beta-lactam antibiotics throughout the world. ampicillin resistance in gram-negative bacteria is usually manifested by plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases, which hydrolyse the beta-lactam ring of the antibiotic. there are at least 30 different plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases but almost all of them are found very infrequently. the one exception is the tem-1 beta-lactamase which is found wherever transferable ampicillin resistance emerges and acc ...	1989	2690414
characterization of toxigenic vibrios isolated from the freshwater environment of hiroshima, japan.	the occurrence and characterization of toxigenic vibrios in surface water and sediment samples of the fresh water environment of the ohta river were studied. the membrane filter, pad preenrichment technique, followed by the placement of membranes onto thiosulfate citrate-bile salt-sucrose agar, was used for the enumeration of total vibrios. qualitative examination of pathogenic vibrios was also attempted. in addition, a survey was conducted to determine the incidence of clostridium botulinum in ...	1989	2690736
[principle, method, and application for the production of peptide hormones using genetic engineering].		1989	2691727
exercise training produces changes in free and conjugated catecholamines.	in dogs the concentrations of conjugated dopamine in plasma have previously been shown to increase after exercise training. this study was done to determine whether conjugated norepinephrine and epinephrine also increase. fifteen dogs were randomly divided into training (n = 8) or sedentary (n = 7) groups. all dogs were exercised acutely for 5 min at 4 mph with a 12% grade, following a 3-min warm-up, before and after either a 12-wk training or a 12-wk sedentary period. free and conjugated catech ...	1989	2691817
ontogeny and regulation of drug metabolism in humans. phase i: monooxygenases.	most data concerning the development and regulation of cytochrome p-450-dependent monooxygenases were obtained in experimental animals, especially rats, by two successive approaches: first, the assay of total liver cytochrome p-450 and of related monooxygenase activities; then, more recently, the immunoquantification of molecular forms of cytochrome p-450, and the estimation of corresponding mrnas with nucleic acid probes. results were compared, before and after birth, in untreated animals, and ...	1989	2693005
falciparum malaria--present day problems. an experience with 425 cases.	clinical details and present day problems encountered in 425 cases of falciparum malaria (pf) are reported. 10.11% had taken chloroquine prior to reporting to us. parasitic count done in 23.05% cases lacked correlation with severity of disease. pattern of fever varied markedly but 5.4% were afebrile throughout and presented only with bodyache and malaise. apyrexial spell was noted in 5.64%. 28.70% had typical facial looks of anaemia and sallow complexion. cerebral symptoms were noted in 3.05%. o ...	1989	2693436