Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| effects of newcastle disease vaccines and newcastle disease/infectious bronchitis combination vaccines on the head-associated lymphoid tissues of the chicken. | ten newcastle disease virus (ndv) and 10 ndv and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) combination vaccines (ndv/ibv) were evaluated for their effect on the head-associated lymphoid tissue (halt) of 2-wk-old chicks. after vaccination, the chicks were subjected to an in vivo assay that measures the ability of the gland of harder (gh) to respond to killed brucella abortus antigen given in the eye by titering b. abortus antibodies in the tears. following this, several sites in the halt and trachea were ... | 1997 | 9201406 |
| a novel protein polymorphism differentiates the california serotype of infectious bronchitis from other serotypes common to california. | the california (cal) serotype of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was isolated from layer flocks in southern california in the early 1980s. since then, it has spread to the broiler-producing regions of central california, where it has been implicated in respiratory disease outbreaks in vaccinated flocks. lack of a procedure for quickly identifying ibv serotypes in commercial chicken flocks has prevented the causal association of the ibv cal serotype with respiratory disease outbreaks. a protein ... | 1997 | 9211233 |
| experimental confirmation of recombination upstream of the s1 hypervariable region of infectious bronchitis virus. | chimeric infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genomes with cross-over sites in the s1 gene were generated by co-infection with two distinct ibv strains. recombinant viruses were collected from chicken embryos, embryonic cultured cells and chickens co-infected with ark99 and mass41 strains and purified by differential centrifugation. the recombinant s1 genes were identified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) using heterologous primers and confirmed by nucleotide sequencing. t ... | 1997 | 9213388 |
| expression of a coronavirus ribosomal frameshift signal in escherichia coli: influence of trna anticodon modification on frameshifting. | eukaryotic ribosomal frameshift signals generally contain two elements, a heptanucleotide slippery sequence (xxxyyyn) and an rna secondary structure, often an rna pseudoknot, located downstream. frameshifting takes place at the slippery sequence by simultaneous slippage of two ribosome-bound trnas. all of the trnas that are predicted to decode frameshift sites in the ribosomal a-site (xxxyyyn) possess a hypermodified base in the anticodon-loop and it is conceivable that these modifications play ... | 1997 | 9237903 |
| towards the routine application of nucleic acid technology for avian disease diagnosis. | the use of nucleic acid technology (polymerase chain reaction, probing, restriction fragment analysis and nucleotide sequencing) in the study of avian diseases has largely been confined to fundamental analysis and retrospective studies. more recently these approaches have been applied to diagnosis and what one might call real-time epidemiological studies on chickens and turkeys. at the heart of these approaches is the identification and characterisation of pathogens based on their genetic materi ... | 1997 | 9276989 |
| the carboxyl-terminal 120-residue polypeptide of infectious bronchitis virus nucleocapsid induces cytotoxic t lymphocytes and protects chickens from acute infection. | specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) responses to nucleocapsid of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were identified by using target cells infected with a semliki forest virus (sfv) vector. effector cells for ctl assays were collected from chickens infected with the gray strain of ibv or inoculated with a dna plasmid encoding nucleocapsid proteins. ibv-specific ctl epitopes were mapped within the carboxyl-terminal 120 amino acids of the nucleocapsid protein. ctl lysis of target cells infected wi ... | 1997 | 9311878 |
| dietary fish oil alters specific and inflammatory immune responses in chicks. | two experiments were designed to determine the effects of dietary (n-3) fatty acids and grain source on the growth-suppressive effects of the inflammatory response and indices of specific immunity. in experiment 1, chicks were fed diets containing 0.5, 1, or 2 g/100 g of either corn oil or fish oil. in experiment 2, chicks were fed diets containing up to 2 g/100 g of either fish oil, linseed oil or corn oil as the source of dietary fat, in either cereal grain- or corn-based diets. in each experi ... | 1997 | 9311962 |
| effect of dietary fatty acids on humoral immune response of turkeys. | 1. this study examined the effect of increasing amounts of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on the fatty acid composition in serum and antibody production following a standard vaccination programme in growing turkeys. turkey poults were fed on 5 diets containing 75g/kg added fat made up of different proportions of palm and soyabean oils, and were vaccinated against newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and necrotic enteritis according to a standard vaccination programme. blood samples were ... | 1997 | 9347140 |
| effect of cytoxan-induced heteropenia on the response of specific-pathogen-free chickens to infectious bronchitis. | epithelial damage in infectious bronchitis occurs early in the disease process. heterophil infiltration into the tracheal mucosa is greatest at that time. to determine the contribution of heterophils to tracheal epithelial damage of infectious bronchitis, eight 3-wk-old specific-pathogen-free chickens were made heteropenic by four daily intramuscular injections of cyclophosphamide at 75 mg/kg body weight. infection with massachusetts 41 infectious bronchitis virus was timed to coordinate heterop ... | 1997 | 9356694 |
| systemic and local antibody responses to infectious bronchitis virus in chickens inoculated with infectious bursal disease virus and control chickens. | serum and local (respiratory) antibody responses to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were studied in 5-wk-old white leghorn-type control chickens and chickens inoculated with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 1 day of age. of the chickens inoculated with ibv alone, 93% had detectable levels of ibv antibodies in the sera and 87% had detectable antibodies in the respiratory lavage fluids. compared to this group, only 73% and 65% of ibdv-ibv inoculated chickens had serum and respiratory an ... | 1997 | 9356695 |
| antigenic characterization of a turkey coronavirus identified in poult enteritis- and mortality syndrome-affected turkeys. | a turkey coronavirus (tcv [nc95]) was characterized by antigenic comparison with other avian and mammalian coronaviruses using immunofluorescence (fa) and immunoperoxidase (ip) procedures. based on fa and ip procedures, tcv (nc95) was determined to be antigenically indistinguishable from turkey enteric (bluecomb) coronavirus (tecv). in addition, tcv (nc95) and tecv were found to be closely related to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv); a one-way antigenic relationship was demonstrated. polyclonal ... | 1997 | 9356703 |
| pathogenicity of attenuated infectious bronchitis viruses for oviducts of chickens exposed in ovo. | a fixed effects, completely randomized factorial design was used to study the effect of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) inoculation at two different exposure ages and three postinoculation (pi) durations on chick oviduct pathology. maternal antibody-positive chicken embryos at 18 days of embryonation (ed) and newly hatched chicks were inoculated with an ibv vaccine (v-ibv) or with an ibv vaccine that had been serially passaged 21 times in chick kidney tissue culture (p-ibv). hatchability of eg ... | 1997 | 9356705 |
| antigenic and s-1 genomic characterization of the delaware variant serotype of infectious bronchitis virus. | a previously unrecognized infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) serotype, referred to hereafter as the delaware variant (de var), was isolated from commercial broiler chickens during a severe, widespread respiratory disease epornitic in the delmarva peninsula region of the united states in january-march 1992. the de var serotype was found to be antigenically unrelated by virus-neutralization (vn) test to nine reference ibv serotypes from north america. additional vn tests indicated that the de var i ... | 1997 | 9356713 |
| cytotoxic activity of cells recovered from the respiratory tracts of chickens inoculated with infectious bronchitis virus. | previously uninoculated control chickens and chickens exposed to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 1 day of age were intranasally exposed to the m41 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) at 5 wk of age. between 7 and 13 days after inoculation with ibv, cells were collected from the respiratory tracts of both groups of chickens and assayed for in vitro cytotoxic activity against a lymphoblastoid lscc-rp9 target cell line using a 4-hr 51chromium-release assay (cra). compared to thymo ... | 1997 | 9356717 |
| ceramide accumulation uncovers a cycling pathway for the cis-golgi network marker, infectious bronchitis virus m protein. | the m glycoprotein from the avian coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), contains information for localization to the cis-golgi network in its first transmembrane domain. we hypothesize that localization to the golgi complex may depend in part on specific interactions between protein transmembrane domains and membrane lipids. because the site of sphingolipid synthesis overlaps the localization of ibv m, we asked whether perturbation of sphingolipids affected localization of ibv m. short ... | 1997 | 9396747 |
| identification of amino acids involved in a serotype and neutralization specific epitope within the s1 subunit of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | localization of neutralizing, serotype specific epitopes of infectious bronchitis virus has been difficult because these epitopes are conformationally dependent. we identified amino acids involved in a serotype specific, conformationally dependent epitope by analysis of the s1 gene of 13 monoclonal antibody-neutralization-resistant mutants. substitutions in the predicted amino acid sequence of these mutants were located at residues 304 and/or 386. most of the substitutions at residue 304 were fr ... | 1997 | 9672590 |
| relationship between sequence variation in the s1 spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus and the extent of cross-protection in vivo. | the notion that the s1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein (s) of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the major inducer of protective immunity has been examined. groups of 10 1-day-old chicks were vaccinated with isolate uk/6/82 and challenged in-tranasally 3 or 6 weeks later with strains whose s1 protein differed from that of uk/6/82 to different extents: nl/d207/79, uk/142/86 and uk/167/84 (2%), uk/123/82 (4%), uk/918/67 (19%), usa/m41/41 and portugal/322/82 (20%; both of the massachusetts sero ... | 1997 | 18484262 |
| sensitivity and specificity of serological tests for infectious bronchitis virus antibodies in broilers. | broilers with maternally-derived immunity (mdi) to infectious bronchitis (ib) were either spray-vaccinated with h120 at 1 day old, or not vaccinated, then challenged at 28 days with one of four different ibv serotypes. birds were bled frequently and the sera tested by agar gel precipitation (agp), haemagglutination inhibition (hi), 2 commercial elisas, and virus neutralization (vn) to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the assays. the agp detected a transient response to challenge with a ... | 1997 | 18483894 |
| the expression of gicerin, a cell adhesion molecule, in regenerating process of collecting ducts and ureters of the chicken kidney following infection with a nephrotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | gicerin is a novel cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin super-family. in this study, we examined the relationship between the expression of gicerin, and the regenerating process of collecting ducts and ureters of chickens with interstitial nephritis caused by a nephrotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). immunohistochemical analysis showed that gicerin expression was found on the epithelial cells of collecting ducts and ureters in the embryonic kidneys, but was un ... | 1997 | 18483905 |
| effect of t-cell suppression by cyclosporin on primary and persistent infections of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens. | two-week-old white leghorn (wl) chickens were inoculated intra-nasally with 4.51ogio median ciliostatic doses (cd50) of ibv strain m41. cyclosporin (csp) (100 mg/kg body weight) was injected intra-muscularly 3 days before virus infection and every 3 days till day 15 post-infection (p.i.). significant reduction in proliferation responses of whole blood lymphocytes to a t-cell mitogen, concanavalin a were induced, but not to a b and t-cell mitogen, pokeweed mitogen. mortality in the ibv + csp grou ... | 1997 | 18483906 |
| effect of heterophil depletion by 5-fluorouracil on infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens. | an anti-tumour drug, 5-fluorouracil (5 fu) was used to deplete heterophils in 11-day-old white leghorn chickens. the reduction in heterophil numbers was monitored by total and differential white cell counts in the peripheral blood. three days after injection of 5 fu, when the heterophil numbers were significantly reduced, chickens were infected with the massachusetts strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). following infection, although the numbers of birds exhibiting clinical signs (nasal e ... | 1997 | 18483918 |
| susceptibility of organ cultures from chicken tissues for strains of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from the intestine. | organ cultures were prepared from various levels of intestine and kidney of 2 to 4-week old specific-pathogen-free chickens, and their susceptibility to ten strains of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from the chicken intestine and the massachusetts strain m41 was investigated. the ability of a virus to grow depended on the strain of virus and size of the inoculum. while proventriculus, bursa and kidney were found to be universally susceptible to all viruses tested, some strains did not grow ... | 1997 | 18483928 |
| histopathology and immunohistochemistry of renal lesions due to avian infectious bronchitis virus in chicks uninoculated and previously inoculated with highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | a nephropathogenic strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was inoculated intra-tracheally into 14-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks or ones previously inoculated with highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 7 days of age. the renal lesions were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemi-cally at intervals up to 30 days post-inoculation. the mortality was 20% in the ibdv + ibv-inoculated group, but not in the ibv-inoculated one. swollen and pale kidneys due to ib ... | 1997 | 18483931 |
| molecular analysis of the 793/b serotype of infectious bronchitis virus in great britain. | since the winter of 1990/91 respiratory disease of poultry in great britain has commonly been associated with the 793/b (or 4/91) serotype of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). we have sequenced a variable part of the s1 region of the spike protein (5) gene. comparison of up to 270 nucleotides of 12 british 793/b isolates, obtained in 1991 and 1993, revealed 94 to 100% nucleotide identity with each other. eleven of them fell into one of two subgroups, a and b, one isolate forming subgroup c. ide ... | 1997 | 18483932 |
| cross-reactive cellular immune responses in chickens vaccinated with live infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | two-week-old chickens were vaccinated intra-nasally with a live infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine (h120). on days 4, 7, 11 and 14 post-vaccination (p.v.) spleen mononuclear cells (mnc) prepared from control and vaccinated chickens were stimulated in vitro with homologous (strain m41) and heterologous (strains 7 and 793/b) virus antigens. antigen-specific lymphoproliferation and interleukin-2 (il-2) and interferon-y (ifn) production were used to measure cross-reactive cell mediated immune ... | 1997 | 18483933 |
| infectious bronchitis virus: immunopathogenesis of infection in the chicken. | the immunopathogenesis of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection in the chicken is reviewed. while infectious bronchitis (ib) is considered primarily a disease of the respiratory system, different ibv strains may show variable tissue tropisms and also affect the oviduct and the kidneys, with serious consequences. some strains replicate in the intestine but apparently without pathological changes. pectoral myopathy has been associated with an important recent variant. several factors can inf ... | 1997 | 18483939 |
| the infectious bronchitis virus nucleocapsid protein binds rna sequences in the 3' terminus of the genome. | the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) nucleocapsid protein was expressed as a bacterial fusion protein which differed from the native protein only in the addition of six amino terminus histidine residues. using rna overlay protein blot assays, the recombinant protein was shown to bind to rna fragments specific for the positive sense 3' noncoding end of the ibv genome. at greater concentrations of sodium chloride, the native and fusion nucleocapsid proteins similarly bound to g rna, representing ... | 1996 | 8599203 |
| sequence analysis of the s1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis viruses: identification of a novel genotypic group in australia. | sequencing of the s1 genes of nine australian strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) identified two genotypically distinct groups of strains. the strains vic s, v5/90, n1/62, n3/62, n9/74, and n2/75 comprised group i, sharing 80.7-98.3% identity in their deduced amino acid sequences. all group i strains were able to replicate in the trachea and kidney but only four strains, vic s, n1/62, n9/74, and n2/75, were nephropathogenic, the latter three causing mortalities ranging from 32 to 96%. g ... | 1996 | 8601775 |
| characterization in vitro of an autocatalytic processing activity associated with the predicted 3c-like proteinase domain of the coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus. | a region of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genome between nucleotide positions 8693 and 10927 which encodes the predicted 3c-like proteinase (3clp) domain and several potential cleavage sites has been clones into a t7 transcription vector. in vitro translation of synthetic transcripts generated from this plasmid was not accompanied by detectable processing activity of the nascent polypeptide unless the translation was carried out in the presence of microsomal membrane preparations. the pr ... | 1996 | 8627718 |
| a survey of the presence of a new infectious bronchitis virus designated 4/91 (793b). | on the basis of virus isolation and the demonstration of specific neutralising antibody in sera, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) 4/91 (commonly called 793b) has been shown to be present in broiler, breeder and layer flocks of chickens in many parts of western europe and also in thailand and mexico. these flocks had all been vaccinated against infectious bronchitis and the need for improved methods to control this new virus, still prevalent at least four years after it was first isolated, is di ... | 1996 | 8677618 |
| isolation and identification of infectious bronchitis virus from pheasants. | 1996 | 8686155 | |
| z-membranes: artificial organelles for overexpressing recombinant integral membrane proteins. | we have expressed a fusion protein formed between the avian infectious bronchitis virus m protein and the bacterial enzyme beta-glucuronidase in transgenic tobacco cells. electron microscope images of such cells demonstrate that overexpression of this fusion protein gives rise to a type of endoplasmic reticulum membrane domain in which adjacent membranes become zippered together apparently as a consequence of the oligomerizing action of beta-glucuronidase. these zippered (z-) membranes lack mark ... | 1996 | 8700911 |
| avian infectious bronchitis: viral persistence in the harderian gland and histological changes after eyedrop vaccination. | the histological changes in the harderian gland (hg) induced by the attenuated h-120 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine strain and the persistence of this virus in the stroma of the gland was evaluated in chickens after eyedrop vaccination. virus replication induced an increase in ibv-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody levels from marginal levels at vaccination (26 days of age) to significantly higher levels 10 days after exposure. ibv antigen was detected in the hg by bo ... | 1996 | 8713024 |
| experimental reproduction of severe hypoglycemia and spiking mortality syndrome using field-derived and embryo-passaged preparations. | the clinical signs, enteritis, weight depression, and hypoglycemia of spiking mortality syndrome were experimentally reproduced in broiler breeders and broiler chicks. inocula included 1) virus-like particles from intestines of chicks with spiking mortality syndrome that had been banded in a discontinuous renograffin gradient, 2) homogenized darkling beetles collected from litter of farms where spiking mortality syndrome had occurred repeatedly, and 3) homogenized embryos which had been inoculat ... | 1996 | 8713030 |
| concomitant ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and newcastle disease infection in broilers in south africa. | ornithobacterium rhinotracheale was first isolated from broilers in south africa in 1991. the importance of o. rhinotracheale infections has been established, with growth suppression, respiratory symptoms, and arthritis commonly seen as complications. dual infection with newcastle disease and o. rhinotracheale in 28-day-old broilers led to more severe respiratory lesions and higher mortality rates than in birds with only newcastle disease. it was concluded that the pathogenicity of newcastle dis ... | 1996 | 8790906 |
| analysis of the serotype-specific epitopes of avian infectious bronchitis virus strains ark99 and mass41. | the ark and mass serotype-specific epitopes of infectious bronchitis virus were studied by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation of mutant and recombinant spike glycoproteins (s protein) expressed in mouse l cells. serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies could bind to the recombinant proteins of ark99 and mass41 expressed from the chimeras in which the n-terminal thirds of the s1 sequences were reciprocally exchanged. therefore, it appears that the respective serotype-specific epitopes of b ... | 1996 | 8794378 |
| detection of contamination of vaccines with the reticuloendotheliosis virus by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). | the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was applied to detect contamination of marek's disease (md) vaccine with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). the env primers were used for the 1st rt-pcr to amplify the dna fragments of rev-a and -t. the rel and env primers were used for nested-pcr to confirm the sites deleted from rev-t and rev-a. specific amplification products were detected in the 1st rt-pcr with these primers. by nested pcr with the env and the rel primer pairs, the ... | 1996 | 8725107 |
| comparison of the effects of infectious bronchitis and infectious laryngotracheitis on the chicken respiratory tract. | in infectious bronchitis (ib) virus infection of the chicken the upper and lower respiratory tracts were damaged, but infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt) virus caused lesions only in the upper respiratory tract. secondary infection with escherichia coli was apparent in the trachea of birds inoculated with either virus but was more striking in those given ib virus. serum alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, an acute-phase protein, occurred in higher concentrations in chickens inoculated with ib virus than i ... | 1996 | 8729076 |
| serological survey for avian viruses in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). | 1996 | 8883351 | |
| attenuation of lentogenic newcastle disease virus strain b-1 by cold adaptation. | the hitchner b-1 strain of newcastle disease virus was plaque-cloned and then serially passaged 36 times in specific-pathogen-free (spf) chicken embryos incubated at two different temperatures. virus passaged at a reduced temperature (29 c) was identified as cold-adapted (ca) and virus passaged at the normal temperature (37 c) was designated non-cold-adapted (non-ca). the ca and non-ca b-1 viruses were compared with the parent b-1 and a commercial b-1 vaccine. in vitro ca b-1 characteristics inc ... | 1996 | 8883791 |
| isolation, pathogenicity, and h120 protection efficacy of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in taiwan. | seven isolates of infectious bronchitis (ib) virus (ibv) were isolated from two breeder farms and five broiler farms in taiwan in 1992. the cardinal signs of disease in breeders were egg production drops and watery albumen, and those in broilers were respiratory distress and renal urate deposition or death. all diseased chickens had been vaccinated with ib vaccines (mostly h120). the viruses were isolated and identified by chicken embryo inoculation and electron microscopy. the genomes of the is ... | 1996 | 8883793 |
| divergent antibody responses to vaccines and divergent body weights of chicken lines selected for high and low humoral responsiveness to sheep red blood cells. | primary and secondary antibody responses to intramuscularly administered proteins of eschericia coli (f11), newcastle disease virus (ncd), infectious bronchitis virus (ib), and infectious bursal disease virus (ibd), respectively, were measured at weekly intervals in two chicken lines. the latter had been divergently selected for high and low antibody responses to sheep red blood cells (srbc), and in a random-bred control line. an oil-based adjuvant was required to induce primary and secondary an ... | 1996 | 8883795 |
| genetic grouping for the isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus in taiwan. | in order to differentiate recent isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in taiwan, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), and direct sequencing methods were used to type 25 ibv taiwan isolates. two conserved sequences that flank the hypervariable region i (hvr i) in the n-terminus of s1 protein gene were chosen as primers. sequences of 228-231 base pairs (bp) were amplified by pcr from 25 taiwan isolates and 4 reference strains (h120, conn, ... | 1996 | 8893790 |
| local and systemic specific antibody response of different chicken lines after ocular vaccination against infectious bronchitis. | the specific lacrimal fluid iga levels and the specific serum igg levels of broiler chicks (meat type hybrids (mt)), brown-egg layer chicks (heavy layer (hl)), and white leghorn chicks (light layer (ll)) were compared after infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) ocular vaccination at 1 day of age. all birds were maintained as a mixed population throughout the experiment of 45 days. the class specific antibody levels were determined at regular intervals by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. all birds ... | 1996 | 8921732 |
| local antibody production in the oviduct and gut of hens infected with a variant strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | following infection of 16-week old specific pathogen-free (spf) female chickens with an enterotropic variant of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain g, ibv-specific immunoglobulin g (igg) and iga were detected in tears, tracheal washes, oviduct washes, duodenal and caecal contents using class-specific monoclonal antibodies in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). igg antibody content was highest in tears on day 7 post-infection (p.i.) and was still detectable on day 23 p.i. significant ... | 1996 | 8941976 |
| novel variation in the n protein of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the nucleocapsid protein of coronaviruses has been considered highly conserved, showing greater than 94% conservation within strains of a given species. we determined the nucleotide sequence of the n gene and the 3' untranslated region (utr) of eight naturally occurring strains of ibv which differed in pathogenicity and tissue tropism. in pairwise comparisons, the deduced amino acid sequences of n of five strains vic s, n1/62, n9/74, n2/75, and v5/90 (group i) shared 92.3-98.8% identity. the thr ... | 1996 | 8955062 |
| involvement of gicerin, a cell adhesion molecule, in tracheal development and regeneration. | gicerin is a novel cell adhesion protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. gicerin protein adheres to neurite outgrowth factor, an extracellular matrix protein in the laminin family, and also exhibits homophilic adhesion. in the present study, we investigated the involvement of gicerin and neurite outgrowth factor in tracheal development and regeneration. in an early embryonic stage, gicerin protein was highly expressed in tracheal epithelial cells, but not in loosely arranged mese ... | 1996 | 8959345 |
| isolation of 'variant' strains of infectious bronchitis virus from vaccinated chickens in great britain. | 1996 | 8961529 | |
| replication and packaging of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus defective rnas lacking a long open reading frame. | the construction of a full-length clone of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) defective rna (d-rna), cd-91 (9,080 nucleotides [z. penzes et al., virology 203:286-293]), downstream of the bacteriophage t7 promoter is described. electroporation of in vitro t7-transcribed cd-91 rna into ibv helper virus-infected primary chick kidney cells resulted in the production of cd-91 rna as a replicating d-rna in subsequent passages. three cd-91 deletion mutants were constructed--cd-44, ... | 1996 | 8970992 |
| experimental infection in turkeys and chickens with ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. | ornithobacterium rhinotracheale was found to cause growth retardation in both turkeys and chickens after experimental intra-air sac administration and to cause growth retardation together with airsacculitis and pneumonia after aerosol administration. both turkey and chicken isolates of o. rhinotracheale were able to induce the same kind of respiratory inflammations and weight-gain losses in chickens as well as turkeys. turkey rhinotracheitis virus was found to have a triggering effect on the o. ... | 1996 | 8980818 |
| protectotypic differentiation of avian infectious bronchitis viruses using an in vitro challenge model. | two vaccine and three virulent strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were used to infect day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. precocious development of oviducts was induced in young female chicks by oestrogen injections. tracheal and oviduct organ cultures prepared from immunised chickens were challenged in vitro with homologous and heterologous viruses to assess tracheal and oviduct cross-protection. tracheal cross-protection was seen between serologically related and unrelated virus ... | 1996 | 9008335 |
| outbreak of infectious bursal disease associated with acute septicaemic colibacillosis in adult prelayer hens. | an outbreak of infectious bursal disease (ibd) occurred concurrently with acute septicaemic colibacillosis in 15 week old prelayer hens. the septicaemia was preceded by a subclinical ibd. mortality in the outbreak began with lesions of septicaemia and escherichia coli was isolated from the heart blood of the birds. after antibiotic treatment of the bacteraemia, mortality continued, spiked, declined and then ceased. ibd was confirmed by bursal lesions characterized by severe lymphocytolysis and c ... | 1996 | 9008959 |
| epithelial cell proliferation of collecting ducts and ureters in the regenerating process of interstitial nephritis caused by infectious bronchitis virus. | the time course of cell proliferation of collecting ducts and ureter epithelium in the regenerating process were investigated in 3-week-old chickens inoculated intravenously with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). histopathologically, collecting ducts and ureter epithelia showed severe degenerative changes from 3 to 4 days post-inoculation (p.i.), hyperplasia and hypertrophy by day 8 and had returned to normal by day 10. a labelling index using bromodeoxyuridine showed that the ... | 1996 | 18645840 |
| histopathology and immunohistochemistry of renal lesions due to infectious bronchitis virus in chicks. | two-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks were inoculated intranasally with the ma-87 strain of infectious bronchitis virus, and trachea and kidney lesions studied histologically and immunohistochemically. lesions and viral antigen were first detected in the trachea; severe damage was then observed in the kidney. viral antigen appeared prior to the development of renal lesions and was detected in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells by 4 days post-inoculation (p.i.). the epithelial cells of the col ... | 1996 | 18645858 |
| immunopathogenesis of infection in spf chicks and commercial broiler chickens of a variant infectious bronchitis virus of economic importance. | the immunopathogenesis of an economically important variant of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been studied in day-old specific pathogen-free and 6-week-old broiler chickens. experimental infection caused very mild respiratory disease and no mortalities. diarrhoea was seen in the broilers. virus distribution and titre in respiratory, urinary and enteric tissues were assessed. in spf chicks, maximum virus isolations were from oesophagus, followed by trachea, kidney, lung and rectum. in cont ... | 1996 | 18645874 |
| sequence of the spike protein of the belgian b164s isolate of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus. | the sequence of the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein (s) of the 1984 belgian nephropathogenic isolate b1648 has been determined and shown to encode a protein of 1171 amino acids. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the s1 (amino-terminal half) of s, which induces virus-neutralizing antibodies, with that of vaccinal strains d274, h120 and d1466 revealed that it differed from them by 21, 25 and 49%, respectively, and by 24 to 25% from the north american nephropathogenic isolates g ... | 1996 | 18645882 |
| an in vitro comparison of the virulence of seven strains of infectious bronchitis virus using tracheal and oviduct organ cultures. | the virulence of seven infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains for tracheal and oviduct ciliated epithelium was assessed using an in vitro tracheal organ culture (toc) and oviduct organ culture (ooc) system. the ooc were prepared using oviducts obtained from oestrogen-treated chicks. all strains tested stopped ciliary beating in the oviduct by day 5 post-inoculation (p.i.) and in the trachea by day 3 p.i. this corresponded with the absence of immunofluorescent-stained cells in the epithelium a ... | 1996 | 18645889 |
| cytopathology of chick renal epithelial cells experimentally infected with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the renal ducto-tubular epithelial cells of chicks infected with the ma-87 strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were examined ultrastructurally. infected epithelial cells containing ibv particles were more numerous in the collecting ducts, collecting tubules, distal convoluted tubules and henle's loops than in the proximal convoluted tubules. virus particles invaded host cells through endocytotic vesicles. cytopathologic changes in the infected epithelial cells were manifested by a ... | 1996 | 18645891 |
| detection and differentiation of avian infectious bronchitis viruses using a monoclonal antibody-based. | a sandwich elisa (selisa) employing four monoclonal antibodies as capture and igg from egg yolk of hyperimmune hens as detecting antibodies was developed for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antigen in both allantoic fluid and tissues from experimental and field infections. between 10(2) and 10(3) median ciliostatic dose (cd50) of virus was required for the detection of the majority of ibv strains in allantoic fluid. in chicks infected with 10(4 ... | 1996 | 18645894 |
| universal oligonucleotides for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus by the polymerase chain reaction. | the universality of seven pairs of oligonucleotides for detection of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was examined using 41 isolates of ibv collected over five decades from europe, japan and the usa. oligonucleotides specific for sequences within the s2 region of the spike (s) gene (lin et al., 1991a) and nucleocapsid (n) gene (zwaagstra et al., 1992) gave the appropriate products with all 41 isolates. oligonu-cleotide ... | 1996 | 18645901 |
| antimicrobial activity of chicken and turkey heterophil peptides chp1, chp2, thp1, and thp3. | four avian heterophil antimicrobial cationic peptides (chicken heterophil peptides 1 and 2, and turkey heterophil peptides 1 and 3) were evaluated for in vitro microbicidal activity against selected avian pathogens and human pathogens which are harbored by birds. at concentrations of 16-2 micrograms/ml, all four avian peptides effected a greater than 90% reduction in the survival of candida albicans, salmonella enteriditis, and campylobacter jejuni. none of the peptides, including the known anti ... | 1995 | 8748545 |
| recent isolates of newcastle disease virus in australia. | forty-five recently isolated strains of newcastle disease virus and the v4 vaccine strain of newcastle disease virus were used to infect experimental chickens. neither v4 nor any of the new strains produced detectable clinical disease. all the viruses produced an antibody response and spread by contact. some of the newly isolated viruses produced a more rapid serological response than v4 virus did. dual or multiple infections with one of the new strains of newcastle disease virus, infectious bro ... | 1995 | 8545958 |
| a highly conserved epitope on the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus. | the predicted amino acid sequence and secondary structures of s1 of the spike protein (s) of infectious bronchitis viral (ibv) strains from europe, the u.s.a., and japan were compared. an antigenic determinant that was highly conserved in both the primary amino acid sequence and secondary structure of all strains was identified between amino acid positions 240 to 255. a synthesized peptide corresponding to this region was found to react with all polyclonal antisera examined from various ibv stra ... | 1995 | 8572941 |
| turkey rhinotracheitis virus isolated from broiler chicken with swollen head syndrome in japan. | turkey rhinotracheitis (trt) virus was first isolated from a commercial broiler chicken with swollen head syndrome (shs) in japan. at the same time, newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian reovirus (arv), escherichia coli (e.coli), morganella morganii, and proteus mirabilis were also isolated from the same broiler chicken. the presence of antibodies to trt virus was confirmed in the sera of 34-day-old chickens of the flock with shs, however the antibodies to trt v ... | 1995 | 8593307 |
| production and immunogenicity of multiple antigenic peptide (map) constructs derived from the s1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). | synthetic peptides were prepared as multiple antigenic peptide (map) constructs to the s1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the map system has been used in the production of anti-peptide and anti-protein antibodies. it has an advantage over linking peptides to a highly immunogenic carrier molecule because antibodies are not produced to the map core matrix of lysine residues. two 25-residue peptides were synthesized to the arkansas serotype and two were synthesized to the massach ... | 1995 | 8830482 |
| identification of a trypsin-like serine proteinase domain encoded by orf 1a of the coronavirus ibv. | 1995 | 8830516 | |
| involvement of viral and cellular factors in processing of polyprotein encoded by orf1a of the coronavirus ibv. | 1995 | 8830517 | |
| interactions between the ibv nucleocapsid protein and rna sequences specific for the 3' end of the genome. | the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) nucleocapsid protein was expressed as a fusion protein in bacteria. the coding sequence differed from the native protein only in the addition of six histidine residues at the amino terminus which were used for enrichment with a nickel affinity column. in gel shift assays, the mobility of labelled g rna was decreased with increasing concentrations of the fusion protein. competitive gel shift assays with labelled g rna indicated that the protein interacted wit ... | 1995 | 8830535 |
| first experimental evidence of recombination in infectious bronchitis virus. recombination in ibv. | a high frequency of recombination has been shown to occur during replication of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) in vitro as well as in vivo. although sequencing of field strains of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has indicated that ibv strains also undergo recombination, there has been no experimental evidence to support this deduction. to investigate whether recombination occurs in ibv, embryonated eggs were coinfected with ibv-beaudette and ibv-m41. potential recombin ... | 1995 | 8830540 |
| generation of a defective rna of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). defective rna of coronavirus ibv. | the beaudette strain of ibv was passaged 16 times in chick kidney (ck) cells. total cellular rna was analyzed by northern hybridization and was probed with 32p-labeled cdna probes corresponding to the first 2 kb of the 5' end of the genome, but excluding the leader, and to the last 1.8 kb of the 3' end of the genome. a new, defective ibv rna species (cd-91) was detected at passage six. the defective rna, present in total cell extract rna and in oligo-(dt)30-selected rna from passage 15, was ampl ... | 1995 | 8830542 |
| a region of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus 1a polyprotein encoding the 3c-like protease domain is subject to rapid turnover when expressed in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. | in order to investigate the mechanisms involved in the processing of infectious bronchitis virus polyproteins, several candidate regions of the genome have been cloned and expressed in vitro. during these studies it was observed that the translation product encoded by one of these clones (pkt205) was poorly expressed. biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that the basis for the poor expression was a post-translational event involving ubiquitination of the protein and degradation by an atp-de ... | 1995 | 8847511 |
| embryo vaccination of chickens with infectious bronchitis virus: histologic and ultrastructural lesion response and immunologic response to vaccination. | chicken embryos 18 days of age and newly hatched chicks were vaccinated with an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine (v-ibv) or with an ibv vaccine that had been serially passaged 40 times in chick kidney tissue culture (p-ibv). immunologic and pathologic changes in the chicks were compared at selected intervals until the 35th day. pathologic changes were evaluated by light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy. immunologic changes were assayed by a constant virus-diluting serum p ... | 1995 | 8719209 |
| identification, expression, and processing of an 87-kda polypeptide encoded by orf 1a of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | nucleotide sequence analysis has shown previously that the genomic-length mrna (mrna1) of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) contains two large open reading frames (orfs), 1a and 1b, with the potential to encode polyproteins of approximately 441 and 300 kda, respectively. we have characterized the specificity of a set of region-specific antisera raised against the 5'-portion of orf 1a by immunoprecipitation of in vitro-synthesized, c-terminally truncated 1a polypeptides and used t ... | 1995 | 11831730 |
| molecular cloning and sequence comparison of the s1 glycoprotein of the gray and jmk strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the nucleotide sequences of s1 glycoprotein genes of the gray and jmk strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were determined and compared with published sequences for ibv. the ibv gray and jmk strains had 99% nucleotide sequence similarity. the overall nucleotide sequence similarity of the gray and jmk strains compared with other ibv strains was between 82.0% and 87.4%. the similarity of the predicted amino acid sequence for the s1 glycoproteins of the gray and jmk strains was 98.8%. ... | 1995 | 7597801 |
| comparison of immunity and resistance to diseases in male and female poultry breeders in lebanon. | the immune responses following vaccination and resistance to diseases were compared in male and female meat poultry breeders of the same flock. female poultry breeders maintained antibody titres to newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus up to the fifty-fifth day following vaccination, whereas those of the males declined significantly over the same period of time (p < 0.05). in the same flock, outbreaks of gumboro disease (60 to 62 days of age), coccidiosis (68 to 74 days of age) ... | 1995 | 7652940 |
| avian infectious bronchitis virus: differences between 793/b and other strains. | 1995 | 7660563 | |
| bordetella avium: an opportunistic pathogen in leghorn chickens. | experiments were conducted in order to produce bordetellosis in specific-pathogen-free (spf) leghorn chickens. in the first and second of three experiments, young turkeys and chickens, respectively, were allotted into groups and challenged at 2 weeks of age with one of seven different isolates of bordetella avium and two isolates of b. avium-like bacteria. isolates of b. avium with the smooth colony type were pathogenic in turkeys but not in chickens. the b. avium-like bacteria and b. avium isol ... | 1995 | 7677659 |
| complete sequence (20 kilobases) of the polyprotein-encoding gene 1 of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | the entire nucleotide sequence of cloned cdnas containing the 5'-untranslated region and gene 1 of purdue-115 strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was determined. this completes the sequence of the tgev genome, which is 28,579 nucleotides long. the gene 1 is composed of two large open reading frames, orf1a and orf1b, which contain 4017 and 2698 codons, respectively (stop excluded). a brief, three-codon-long orf is present upstream of orf1a. orf1b overlaps orf1a by 43 bases in the ... | 1995 | 7856095 |
| experimental evidence of recombination in coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | embryonated eggs were coinfected with two strains of the coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), ibv-beaudette and ibv-m41, to investigate whether recombination between the two strains would occur. virions were isolated from the allantoic fluid of the coinfected eggs and putative hybrid rnas were detected by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), using strain-specific oligonucleotides. pcr products, of the expected sizes, were obtained as predicted from potential recombination events betw ... | 1995 | 7491781 |
| a novel variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus resulting from recombination among three different strains. | an antigenic variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a coronavirus, was isolated and characterized. this strain, cu-t2, possesses a number of unusual features, which have not been previously observed in ibv. the s1 glycoprotein of cu-t2 carries virus-neutralizing and serotype-specific epitopes of two ibv serotypes, arkansas (ark) and massachusetts (mass). sequence analysis revealed that the virus, originally an ark serotype, has acquired the mass-specific epitope by mutation(s). this ... | 1995 | 7710354 |
| characterisation and mutational analysis of an orf 1a-encoding proteinase domain responsible for proteolytic processing of the infectious bronchitis virus 1a/1b polyprotein. | coronavirus gene expression involves proteolytic processing of the mrna 1-encoded polyproteins by viral and cellular proteinases. recently, we have demonstrated that an orf 1b-encoded 100-kda protein is proteolytically cleaved from the 1a/1b fusion polyprotein by a viral-specific proteinase of the picornavirus 3c proteinase group (3c-like proteinase). in this report, the 3c-like proteinase has been further analysed by internal deletion of a 2.3-kb fragment between the 3c-like proteinase-encoding ... | 1995 | 7778277 |
| immune responses to structural proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | chickens were vaccinated with live and inactivated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and antibody responses to the individual structural proteins, s1, s2, m and n, followed by elisa and western blotting. all four structural proteins elicited an antibody response in chicks vaccinated with either live or inactivated ibv. the s1, s2 and n proteins elicited similar titres of antibodies following vaccination with live ibv, whereas the m glycoprotein elicited significantly lower titres. time of appea ... | 1995 | 18645789 |
| re-excretion of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens induced by cyclosporin. | following inoculation of day-old chicks with moroccan strain 'g' of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) which has a predilection for the gut, virus was recovered from the trachea up to day 7 and from the cloaca up to day 35. after this no virus could be detected, even following the natural stress of re-housing with unfamiliar birds at 9 weeks. when the birds were 12.5 weeks old, they were injected with cyclosporin, a selective t-cell suppressor. four of the five birds re-excreted virus very errati ... | 1995 | 18645800 |
| detection by immunofluorescent assay of serotype-specific and group-specific antigens of infectious bronchitis virus in tracheas of broilers with respiratory problems. | the performances of seven immunofluorescent assays (ifas) for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were examined on 115 trachea samples collected from 60 broiler flocks with clinical respiratory distress. whether ibv strains could be serotyped directly on trachea sections by ifas was examined using four different serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs). two group-specific ifas using two different group-specific mabs, were compared with a conventional ifa using a chicken hyperimmune anti-ibv ... | 1995 | 18645803 |
| the effect of microaerosolized hydrogen peroxide on bacterial and viral poultry pathogens. | the effect of microaerosolized h2o2 on bacterial and viral poultry pathogens was investigated. bacterial cultures and viruses were dried on sterile glass petri dishes and subjected to direct and indirect 5% (h2o2) microaerosol mist. in the trials using escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, there was complete inactivation following exposure to h2o2. using salmonella typhimurium, indirect exposure resulted in only partial inactivation whereas direct exposure to h2o2 gave complete inactivatio ... | 1994 | 7816725 |
| in vivo evaluation of the pathogenicity of field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus. | the pathogenicity of 13 field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolated from georgia broiler farms from 1989 to 1992 was evaluated using the ibv and escherichia coli mixed-infection model. based on the clinical signs, mortality, and lesions, the isolates were classified as high, intermediate, and low in pathogenicity. the in vivo classification was compared with the serotype classification results obtained by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengt ... | 1994 | 7832713 |
| a serosurvey using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against poultry pathogens in ostriches (struthio camelus) from zimbabwe. | horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-ostrich igg was raised and used in commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits to detect antibodies reactive with 11 poultry pathogens in sera from 149 ostriches from nine farms around zimbabwe. antibodies were detected to turkey rhinotracheitis virus (99%), newcastle disease virus (23%), avian reovirus (19%), infectious bursal disease virus (15%), avian encephalomyelitis virus (15%), mycoplasma gallisepticum and/or m. synoviae (11%), reticuloend ... | 1994 | 7832718 |
| diseases and management of backyard chicken flocks in chitungwiza, zimbabwe. | to gather information on backyard chicken flocks in chitungwiza, an urban center in zimbabwe, 85 flock owners were interviewed. the mean flock size was 53 birds (range 1-650), and most birds were kept for meat, for either domestic consumption or local sale. mean age at slaughter was 12.4 weeks (range 8-24). none of the owners vaccinated their birds, and reported mortality rates were high (mean 25%), most commonly being associated with diseases causing eye and respiratory problems. most owners co ... | 1994 | 7832719 |
| differential diagnosis of infectious laryngotracheitis from other avian respiratory diseases by a simplified pcr procedure. | a simple polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based procedure was developed for the detection of avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) in chicken trachea, chorio-allantoic membrane (cam), infected hepatoma cells and infectious cell culture supernatant. samples were prepared by dilution in distilled water. after boiling and low speed centrifugation, samples were used for pcr analysis with two primers without special labeling. the pcr analysis for ilt virus could be completed in less than 8 h ... | 1994 | 7714054 |
| molecular mimicry between fc receptors and viral antigens. | molecular mimicry has been characterized as the presence of common epitopes, either linear or conformational, shared by host and microbial determinants. such cross-reactivity may lead to an autoimmune disease. on the other hand molecular mimicry between certain viral proteins and host determinant may protect invading virus to be eliminated by immune system and may promote persistence. in this mini-review i discuss the molecular mimicry of s peplomer protein of mouse hepatitis virus, strain jhm ( ... | 1994 | 7503651 |
| distinct structural elements and internal entry of ribosomes in mrna3 encoded by infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) mrna3 encodes three small proteins, 3a, 3b, and 3c, at its 5' end. recently, it was demonstrated that initiation of protein 3c is dependent on the upstream sequence. monte carlo simulations of rna folding in this tricistronic mrna3 indicate that a highly significant folding region occurs prior to the initiator aug of 3c. the unusual folding region (ufr) of 265 nucleotides (nt) contains the coding sequences of proteins 3a and 3b. details of the structural analyse ... | 1994 | 8259681 |
| evolutionary implications of genetic variations in the s1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus. | the large number of phenotypically distinct strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) provide a broad genetic background for examining naturally occurring coronavirus variation. comparisons of the published nucleotide sequence of s1 genes of strains isolated in europe, japan and the usa and four additional american strains described in this report identified 4 genetically distinct groups. the dutch group was the most divergent sharing only about 60% identity with the american, mass and europe ... | 1994 | 7856318 |
| experimental infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus (kagoshima-34 strain) in chicks at different ages. | chicks at 2, 4 or 6 weeks of age were experimentally infected individually with a nephrosis/nephritis-causing avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain kagoshima-34. the susceptibility of chicks in each group to the infection was compared, based on the clinical signs, excretion of virus in the faeces and antibody titres in the serum. the results showed that although all chicks appeared to be susceptible to ibv infection, the most severe clinical response was observed following infection at ... | 1994 | 7948370 |
| comparison of the susceptibility of chicks of different ages to infection with nephrosis/nephritis-causing strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | two- and 6-week-old chicks were inoculated with the kagoshima-34 strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus. serum, bile, harderian gland, lachrymal fluid, saliva and tracheal washings were collected and their antibody content determined using neutralisation tests. the neutralising antibody (na) in the serum and bile was detected earlier and in slightly higher concentration in the 6-week-old chicks. although there was no marked difference in the levels of na in other body fluids, it was detecte ... | 1994 | 7948371 |
| effect of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis viruses on renal function in young male broiler chickens. | 1. the acute effects of challenge with australian t-strain infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) on renal function were evaluated, following primary vaccination in 1-d-old male broilers. 2. challenge with t-strain ibv decreased body weight and induced kidney hypertrophy and kidney asymmetry. 3. haematocrit was reduced in birds challenged with the australian t-strain ibv and plasma uric acid was elevated in unvaccinated birds exposed to the ibv challenge. 4. challenge with t-strain ibv caused signifi ... | 1994 | 7953788 |
| effect of mixed live vaccine (newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis) and mycoplasma gallisepticum on the chicken respiratory tract and on escherichia coli infection. | interaction between mixed live vaccine (newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and escherichia coli (ec) was studied in specific-pathogen-free chickens, aged 7 days, inoculated intranasally. in the tracheas of chickens inoculated with vaccine, mg and ec, profuse multiplication of ec occurred together with severe and persisent histological lesions, and some birds died from ec infection. similar though less dramatic effects occurred in birds that received vacci ... | 1994 | 7962725 |
| the s1 glycoprotein but not the n or m proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus induces protection in vaccinated chickens. | the s1, n and m proteins, obtained from the nephropathogenic n1/62 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by immunoaffinity purification with monoclonal antibodies, were used for immunization of chickens. for all three antigens multiple immunizations were necessary for induction of an antibody response. protection of chickens vaccinated with the s1 glycoprotein against virulent challenge was demonstrated by the complete absence of virus in tracheas and kidneys of vaccinated chickens. follow ... | 1994 | 7980002 |
| a 'novel' infectious bronchitis strain infecting broiler chickens in italy. | an outbreak of severe respiratory disease in flocks of broiler chickens was associated with the isolation of a 'novel' strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the isolate, designated 624/i, was isolated from 9 of the 11 flocks sampled. the results of cross neutralisation and haemagglutination-inhibition tests showed isolate 624/i to be antigenically distinct from several european and american strains. in a serological survey carried out on affected flocks, specific antibodies to ibv strain ... | 1994 | 7985434 |
| mouse hepatitis virus gene 5b protein is a new virion envelope protein. | highly purified radiolabeled mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) a59 contained a previously overlooked protein which coelectrophoreses with the gene 5b product immunoprecipitated from infected cells. the gene 5b protein is post-translationally acylated. rabbit antibody raised against a recombinant gene 5b protein expressed in escherichia coli neutralized viral infectivity in the presence of complement, although not in the absence of complement. immunofluorescent staining of mhv-infected cells with two a ... | 1994 | 8030202 |
| coronavirus polyprotein processing. | mhv gene 1 contains two orfs in different reading frames. translation proceeds through orf 1a into orf 1b via a translational frame-shift. orf 1a potentially encodes three protease activities, two papain-like activities and one poliovirus 3c-like activity. of the three predicted activities, only the more amino terminal papain-like domain has been demonstrated to have protease activity. orf 1a polypeptides have been detected in infected cells by the use of antibodies. the order of polypeptides en ... | 1994 | 8032266 |