Publications

the ynt1 gene encoding the nitrate transporter in the yeast hansenula polymorpha is clustered with genes yni1 and ynr1 encoding nitrite reductase and nitrate reductase, and its disruption causes inability to grow in nitrate.	dna sequencing in the phage lambda ja13 isolated from a lambda embl3 hansenula polymorpha genomic dna library containing the nitrate reductase-(ynr1) and nitrite reductase-(yni1) encoding genes revealed an open reading frame (ynt1) of 1524 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 508 amino acids with great similarity to the nitrate transporters from aspergillus nidulans and chlamydomonas reinhardtii. disruption of the chromosomal ynt1 copy resulted in incapacity to grow in nitrate and a signif ...	1997	9020872
cloning of the glutamine synthetase gene from group b streptococci.	the glna gene from the human pathogen streptococcus agalactiae was cloned from a genomic library prepared with the lambda phage vector lambdadashii. a 4.6-kb dna fragment of one of the recombinant phages was subcloned in puc18. this escherichia coli clone expressed a 52-kda protein encoded by a 1,341-bp open reading frame. the nucleotide sequence of the open reading frame and the deduced amino acid sequence shared a significant degree of homology with the sequences of other glutamine synthetases ...	1997	8975911
a single 13-kilobase divergent locus in the kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) genome contains nine open reading frames that are homologous to or related to cellular proteins.	two small fragments of a novel human gammaherpesvirus genome known as kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) have been shown to be present in virtually all aids and non-aids ks lesions, as well as in body cavity-based lymphomas (bcbl) and in multicentric castleman's disease. we have extended those studies by identifying and sequencing a third fragment of hhv-8 dna encoding a viral thymidylate synthetase (ts) gene. use of this viral ts fragment as a probe led ...	1997	9032328
the bacteroides mobilizable transposon tn4555 integrates by a site-specific recombination mechanism similar to that of the gram-positive bacterial element tn916.	the bacteroides mobilizable transposon tn4555 is a 12.2-kb molecule that encodes resistance to cefoxitin. conjugal transposition is hypothesized to occur via a circular intermediate and is stimulated by coresident tetracycline resistance elements and low levels of tetracycline. in this work, the ends of the transposon were identified and found to consist of 12-bp imperfect inverted repeats, with an extra base at one end. in the circular form, the ends were separated by a 6-bp "coupling sequence" ...	1997	9098073
a method for construction of e. coli strains with multiple dna insertions in the chromosome.	a system for construction of e. coli strains with multiple dna insertions in the chromosome, based on elements of modules for site specific recombination of tn1545 and phage lambda, has been developed. circular non-replicating dna fragments containing the transposon attachment site (atttn), an excisable cassette with a selectable marker, and a gene of interest integrate randomly into the chromosome of a host e. coli strain when provided with transposon integrase, int-tn (the host strain was obta ...	1997	9099886
a novel bacterial vector system for monitoring protein-protein interactions in the camp-dependent protein kinase complex.	a bacterial expression vector is described for investigation of protein-protein interactions. important features of the vector include partition of the ci repressor of bacteriophage lambda into two functional domains separated by a multicloning site, and low level auto-regulated expression of human genes as c-terminal fusions to the dna-binding domain of ci. two different reporter systems have been employed; expression of either a suppressor trna or the alkaline phosphatase gene is dependent in ...	1997	9034306
isolation and characterization of the integration host factor genes of pasteurella haemolytica.	using a bacteriophage lambda complementation system in escherichia coli, we cloned genes encoding subunits of the heterodimeric dna binding/bending protein, integration host factor, from the bovine pathogen, pasteurella haemolytica. complementation of ihfa and ihfb mutations in e. coli demonstrated that the p. haemolytica gene products form functional heterologous heterodimers. the ihfa and ihfb genes encode polypeptides predicted to be 99 and 93 amino acids long, respectively, and are very simi ...	1997	9011038
structure of dna-cationic liposome complexes: dna intercalation in multilamellar membranes in distinct interhelical packing regimes.	cationic liposomes complexed with dna (cl-dna) are promising synthetically based nonviral carriers of dna vectors for gene therapy. the solution structure of cl-dna complexes was probed on length scales from subnanometer to micrometer by synchrotron x-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. the addition of either linear lambda-phage or plasmid dna to cls resulted in an unexpected topological transition from liposomes to optically birefringent liquid-crystalline condensed globules. x-ray diffract ...	1997	9012343
the activation defect of a lambda ci positive control mutant.	"positive control" mutants of the ci protein of bacteriophage lambda (lambda ci) bind dna but, unlike the wild-type protein, fail to activate transcription. according to the original interpretation of ptashne and co-workers, these mutants bear amino acid substitutions that disrupt a stimulatory interaction between lambda ci bound at operator site o(r)2 and rna polymerase bound at promoter p(rm), an idea supported by kinetic analysis in one case. genetic analysis has suggested that one residue in ...	1997	9018040
a new method for straightening dna molecules for optical restriction mapping.	we have developed an improved method of straightening dna molecules for use in optical restriction mapping. the dna was straightened on 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-coated glass slides using surface tension generated by a moving meniscus. in our method the meniscus motion was controlled mechanically, which provides advantages of speed and uniformity of the straightened molecules. variation in the affinity of the silanized surfaces for dna was compensated by precoating the slide with single-stran ...	1997	9023119
efficient epitope mapping by bacteriophage lambda surface display.	a bacteriophage lambda surface expression system, lambda foo, was used for epitope mapping of human galectin-3. we constructed random epitope and peptide libraries and compared their efficiencies in the mapping. the galectin-3 cdna was randomly digested by dnase 1 to make random epitope libraries. the libraries were screened by affinity selection using a microtiter plate coated with monoclonal antibodies. direct dna sequencing of the selected clones defined two distinct epitope sites consisting ...	1997	9035110
cryptic single-stranded-dna binding activities of the phage lambda p and escherichia coli dnac replication initiation proteins facilitate the transfer of e. coli dnab helicase onto dna.	the bacteriophage lambda p and escherichia coli dnac proteins are known to recruit the bacterial dnab replicative helicase to initiator complexes assembled at the phage and bacterial origins, respectively. these specialized nucleoprotein assemblies facilitate the transfer of one or more molecules of dnab helicase onto the chromosome; the transferred dnab, in turn, promotes establishment of a processive replication fork apparatus. to learn more about the mechanism of the dnab transfer reaction, w ...	1997	9037022
on the origin of spontaneous somatic mutations and sectored plaques detected in transgenic mice.	the use of transgenic mice with bacterial genes that can be readily recovered and analysed for mutation has made it possible to measure mutant frequencies in many tissues. the mutations are detected by packaging the murine dna into lambda phage and then growing these phage on a bacterial lawn under conditions such that the mutants are distinguishable from nonmutants. in the laci mouse assay, the mutant plaques are blue whereas the nonmutant plaques are clear. the mutations detected in the laci b ...	1997	9042411
an rna polymerase alpha subunit mutant impairs n-dependent transcriptional antitermination in escherichia coli.	we show that the rpoa341 mutation in the gene encoding the alpha subunit of escherichia coli rna polymerase results in a decreased level of transcripts originating from the lytic promoters pl and pr of infecting lambda phage. however, using lacz fusions we demonstrate that initiation of transcription from both pl and pr is not impaired in the rpoa341 host. rather, it is the level of the longer, antiterminated pl- and pr-derived transcripts which is altered: the activity of beta-galactosidase in ...	1997	9044255
molecular and cytological analysis of a mariner transposon from hessian fly.	degenerate pcr primers for conserved regions of the mariner transposase have been shown to amplify dna sequences from the hessian fly (mayetiola destructor). using one of these sequences as a hybridization probe, a clone from an m. destructor genomic library in phage lambda was recovered and sequenced. a transposable element, desmar 1, with perfect inverted terminal repeats and an open reading frame that encodes a mariner class transposase was found. when compared to mariner sequences in the gen ...	1997	9048446
assembly of a nucleoprotein complex required for dna packaging by bacteriophage lambda.	a critical step in the assembly of bacteriophage lambda is the excision of a single genome from a concatemeric dna precursor and insertion of genomic dna into an empty viral capsid. dna packaging is mediated by the lambda proteins gpnu1 and gpa, which form an enzyme complex known as terminase. initiation of the packaging process requires assembly of the terminase subunits onto cos, the lambda dna packaging sequence, and nicking of the duplex, thus forming the 12-base-pair "sticky" ends of the ma ...	1997	9062101
complexes of n antitermination protein of phage lambda with specific and nonspecific rna target sites on the nascent transcript.	the mechanisms that control n protein dependent antitermination in phage lambda have counterparts in many eukaryotic systems, including specific regulatory interactions of the antitermination protein with the nascent rna transcript. here we describe the specific and nonspecific rna binding modes of antitermination protein n. these modes differ markedly in rna binding affinity and in structure. n protein, either free in solution or as a complex with nonspecific rna, lacks observable secondary and ...	1997	9063900
in vitro mutagenicity of the plasmacytomagenic agent pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane).	pristane is known to induce a distinct type of b-cell-derived malignant lymphoma, plasmacytoma, after administration into the peritoneal cavity of genetically susceptible balb/canpt mice. since the mechanism of pristane-induced plasmacytoma development is poorly understood, we chose to examine the possibility that pristane is mutagenic in rodent cells and decided to use bacteriophage lambda-derived laci/lacz genes as target/reporter to quantitate mutagenesis. here we show that in vitro exposure ...	1997	9065804
modulation of ecoki restriction in vivo: role of the lambda gam protein and plasmid metabolism.	two novel types of alleviation of dna restriction by the ecoki restriction endonuclease are described. the first type depends on the presence of the gam gene product (gam protein) of bacteriophage lambda. the efficiency of plating of unmodified phage lambda is greatly increased when the restricting escherichia coli k-12 host carries a gam+ plasmid. the effect is particularly striking in wild-type strains and, to a lesser extent, in the presence of sbcc and reca mutations. in all cases, gam-depen ...	1997	9068628
cloning and characterization of bacteriophage-like dna from haemophilus somnus homologous to phages p2 and hp1.	in an attempt to identify and characterize components of a heme uptake system of haemophilus somnus, an escherichia coli cosmid library of h. somnus genomic dna was screened for the ability to bind hemin (hmb+). the hmb+ phenotype was associated with a 7,814-bp hindiii fragment of h. somnus dna that was subcloned and sequenced. thirteen open reading frames (orfs) were identified, all transcribed in one direction, and transposon mutagenesis identified orf7 as the gene associated with the hmb+ phe ...	1997	9068631
the oligomeric structure of nucleoid protein h-ns is necessary for recognition of intrinsically curved dna and for dna bending.	escherichia coli hns, encoding the abundant nucleoid protein h-ns, was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis either to delete pro115 or to replace it with alanine. unlike the wild-type protein, hyperproduction of the mutant proteins did not inhibit macromolecular syntheses, was not toxic to cells and caused a less drastic compaction of the nucleoid. gel shift and ligase-mediated circularization tests demonstrated that the mutant proteins retained almost normal affinity for non-curved dna, but l ...	1997	9130723
the hflb protease of escherichia coli degrades its inhibitor lambda ciii.	the ciii protein of bacteriophage lambda is known to protect two regulatory proteins from degradation by the essential escherichia coli protease hflb (also known as ftsh), viz., the lambda cii protein and the host heat shock sigma factor sigma32. lambda ciii, itself an unstable protein, is partially stabilized when the hflb concentration is decreased, and its half-life is decreased when hflb is overproduced, strongly suggesting that it is degraded by hflb in vivo. the in vivo degradation of lamb ...	1997	8990286
analysis of bacteriophage n protein and peptide binding to boxb rna using polyacrylamide gel coelectrophoresis (pace).	the antitermination protein n from bacteriophage lambda (nlambda) interacts with the nut site in its own mrna, as well as host factors, to facilitate formation of a termination-resistant transcription complex. the conserved, amino-terminal arginine-rich domain of nlambda protein is known to interact with a small rna hairpin (boxb) derived from the nut site rna. we have examined the binding of nlambda protein, peptides derived from the amino terminus of nlambda, and the related phage p22 n protei ...	1997	8990399
structure and transcription of the gene for translation elongation factor 1 subunit alpha of zebrafish (danio rerio).	the zebrafish gene for translation elongation factor 1 alpha (ef1 alpha) was isolated from a phage lambda genomic library and sequence and structure determined. one gene copy of ef1 alpha per haploid set of chromosomes was found and no processed pseudogenes. a highly active promoter region was localized to a 277 bp psti/pvuii fragment beginning 240 bp upstream from the tsp, but no transcription enhancing, or silencing activity was observed within 1 kbp upstream, or downstream from the promoter. ...	1997	9003448
gene replacement with linear dna fragments in wild-type escherichia coli: enhancement by chi sites.	during conjugation and transduction of escherichia coli even numbers of recombinational exchanges are required for replacement of a gene on the circular chromosome. we studied gene replacement using a related method of gene transfer (transformation with 6.5-kb linear dna fragments) as an experimental model for conjugation and transduction. two properly situated chi sites, 5' gctggtgg 3', stimulated gene replacement approximately 50-fold, more than the sum of the stimulation by the individual chi ...	1997	9093843
anchoring of bovine chromosomes 4, 6, 7, 10, and 14 linkage group telomeric ends via fish analysis of lambda clones.	we report the placement of 34 new microsatellite (ms) markers, isolated from a lambda phage genomic clone library, on the bovine genetic map by linkage to published markers. five of these markers lie at or near the ends of linkage groups and are used to establish chromosomal coverage and orientation. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) analysis demonstrates that the linkage groups on the u.s. meat animal research center (marc) map extend to the telomeric region of chromosomes (chrs) 7 and ...	1997	9107677
impaired lysogenisation of the escherichia coli rpoa341 mutant by bacteriophage lambda is due to the inability of cii to act as a transcriptional activator.	the c-terminus of the alpha subunit of escherichia coli rna polymerase is known to function in transcriptional activation at certain promoters. this region was previously shown to be necessary for full activation of the pe promoter by the phage lambda cii protein in vitro. in this work we investigated the inability of phage lambda to follow the lysogenic pathway in cells carrying the point mutation rpoa341 (a change of lysine 271 to glutamic acid). we found that neither overexpression of the cii ...	1997	9150265
the t/t common exon of simian virus 40, jc, and bk polyomavirus t antigens can functionally replace the j-domain of the escherichia coli dnaj molecular chaperone.	the n-terminal 70 residue "j-domain" of the escherichia coli dnaj molecular chaperone is the defining and highly conserved feature of a large protein family. based upon limited, yet significant, amino acid sequence homology to the j-domain, the dna encoding the t/t common exon of the simian virus 40 (sv40), jc, or bk polyoma virus t antigen oncoproteins was used to construct j-domain replacement chimeras of the e. coli dnaj chaperone. the virally encoded j-domains successfully substituted for th ...	1997	9108037
changing the mechanism of transcriptional activation by phage lambda repressor.	the first steps of transcription initiation include binding of rna polymerase to a promoter to form an inactive, unstable, closed complex (described by an equilibrium constant, k(b)) and isomerization of the closed complex to an active, stable, open complex (described by a forward rate constant, k(f)). lambda ci protein activates the prm promoter by specifically increasing k(f). a positive control mutant, ci-pc2, is defective for activation because it fails to raise k(f). an arg to his change in ...	1997	9108039
in vivo packaging of bacteriophage lambda monomeric chromosomes.	there is an apparent paradox between the reported requirements for lambda dna packaging in vivo and in vitro. in vivo, dna concatemers are required for packaging. on the other hand, in vitro, packaging extracts can encapsidate either linear or circular monomeric lambda dna. perhaps cellular nucleases restrict the in vivo ability of monomers to package by degrading a free double chain end present as an intermediate in the packaging reaction. consistent with this hypothesis, enhanced packaging of ...	1997	9096208
ligation-mediated pcr amplification of specific fragments from a class-ii restriction endonuclease total digest.	a method is described which permits the ligation- mediated pcr amplification of specific fragments from a class-ii restriction endonuclease total digest. feasibility was tested using bcl i and phage lambda dna as a model enzyme and amplicon system, respectively. bcl i is one of many widely used restriction enzymes which cleave at palindromic recognition sequences and leave 5'-protruding ends of defined sequence. using a single pair of universal primers, a given fragment can be specifically ampli ...	1997	9108171
an aromatic stacking interaction between subunits helps mediate dna sequence specificity: operator site discrimination by phage lambda ci repressor.	sequence specific dna binding by regulatory proteins provides the basis for regulation of initiation of transcription. a great deal of progress has been made toward understanding sequence specific recognition by individual protein subunits. an additional level of control that needs to be understood is that due to coupling between the subunits of oligomeric regulatory proteins. an example is the bacteriophage lambda ci repressor, a dimeric protein that regulates the lysogenic to lytic genetic swi ...	1997	9096234
organic solvent tolerance and antibiotic resistance increased by overexpression of mara in escherichia coli.	we previously reported that overexpression of the soxs or roba gene causes in several escherichia coli strains the acquisition of higher organic solvent tolerance and also increased resistance to a number of antibiotics (h. nakajima, k. kobayashi, m. kobayashi, h. asako, and r. aono, appl. environ. microbiol. 61:2302-2307, 1995). most e. coli strains cannot grow in the presence of cyclohexane. we isolated the marrab genes from a kohara lambda phage clone and cyclohexane-tolerant mutant strain os ...	1997	9097440
mutations in nu1, the gene encoding the small subunit of bacteriophage lambda terminase, suppress the postcleavage dna packaging defect of cosb mutations.	the linear double-stranded dna molecules in lambda virions are generated by nicking of concatemeric intracellular dna by terminase, the lambda dna packaging enzyme. staggered nicks are introduced at cosn to generate the cohesive ends of virion dna. after nicking, the cohesive ends are separated by terminase; terminase bound to the left end of the dna to be packaged then binds the empty protein shell, i.e., the prohead, and translocation of dna into the prohead occurs. cosb, a site adjacent to co ...	1997	9098042
mutational analysis of protein binding sites involved in formation of the bacteriophage lambda attl complex.	bacteriophage lambda site-specific recombination requires the formation of higher-order protein-dna complexes to accomplish synapsis of the partner attachment (att) sites as well as for the regulation of the integration and excision reactions. the att sites are composed of a core region, the actual site of strand exchange, and flanking arm regions. the attl site consists of two core sites (c and c'), an integration host factor (ihf) binding site (h'), and three contiguous int binding arm sites ( ...	1997	9023184
identification and characterization of the dtdp-rhamnose biosynthesis and transfer genes of the lipopolysaccharide-related rfb locus in leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni.	immunity to leptospirosis is principally humorally mediated and involves opsonization of leptospires for phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils. the only protective antigen identified to date is the leptospiral lipopolysaccharide (lps), which biochemically resembles typical gram-negative lps but has greatly reduced endotoxic activity. little is known about the structure of leptospiral lps. a 2.1-kb ecori fragment from the chromosome of serovar copenhageni was cloned in puc18 in escherichia ...	1997	9023210
isolation and characterization of a benomyl-resistant form of beta-tubulin-encoding gene from the phytopathogenic fungus botryotinia fuckeliana.	as an initial step to develop a dna-mediated transformation system using benomyl resistance as a dominant selectable marker in the phytopathogenic fungus botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph, botrytis cinerea), we have constructed a phage lambda genomic dna library of a benomyl-resistant strain 91t-1, and a beta-tubulin-encoding gene bena was isolated, cloned and sequenced. southern blot analysis suggested that a single copy of bena is present in the genome of b. fuckeliana. the bena gene is compose ...	1997	9085273
restriction mapping of genes by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection.	restriction mapping is one of the essential steps in gene analysis and molecular biology studies. slab gel electrophoresis is the traditional way to separate dna fragments for restriction mapping. however, slab gel electrophoresis does not provide sufficient resolution as required in many mapping applications, and the use of radioisotopes in traditional mapping methods creates health hazards. in the present study, capillary electrophoresis coupled with laser-induced fluorescence detection and a ...	1997	9105179
bacteriophage lambda-based expression vectors.		1997	9108510
synergism between hypersensitive sites confers long-range gene activation by the beta-globin locus control region.	the human beta-globin locus control region (lcr) consists of four erythroid-specific dnasei hypersensitive sites (hss) at the 5' end of the beta-globin cluster. the lcr functions over a long distance on chromosome 11 to regulate transcription and replication of the beta-globin genes. to determine whether the hss function independently or as an integrated unit, we analyzed the requirements for long-range transcriptional activation. if the hss function independently, individual hss would be expect ...	1997	9114030
incorporation of trifluoromethionine into a phage lysozyme: implications and a new marker for use in protein 19f nmr.	much interest is currently focused on understanding the detailed contribution that particular amino acid residues make in protein structure and function. although the use of site-directed mutagenesis has greatly contributed to this goal, the approach is limited to the standard repertoire of twenty amino acids. fluorinated amino acids have been utilized successfully to probe protein structure and dynamics as well as point to the importance of specific residues to biological function. in our conti ...	1997	9116020
immunological screening of lambda-phage cdna expression libraries.		1997	9116850
protein interaction cloning by far-western screening of lambda-phage cdna expression libraries.		1997	9116852
a full-length and replication-competent proviral clone of sivagm from tantalus monkeys.	african green monkeys (agm) are classified into four distinct species (commonly termed vervet, grivet, sabaeus, and tantalus monkeys), all of which are known to be infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (sivagm) in the wild. sequence analysis of partial gag and env regions has indicated that each of the four species harbors a phylogenetically distinct sivagm subtype. this species-specific diversity suggests that african green monkeys have been infected with sivagm for an extended period of ...	1997	9123848
genetic analysis of second-site revertants of bacteriophage lambda integrase mutants.	bacteriophage lambda site-specific recombination is catalyzed by the phage-encoded integrase (int) protein. using a collection of 21 recombination-defective int mutants, we performed a second-site reversion analysis. one of the primary mutants contained a valine-to-glutamic acid change at position 175 (v175e), and a pseudorevertant with a lysine change at this site (v175k) was also isolated. relative to the wild-type protein, the v175e protein was defective in its ability to form the attl comple ...	1997	9190821
structure and organization of gabrb3 and gabra5.	the genes encoding the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) type-a receptor subunits beta 3 (gabrb3), alpha 5 (gabra5), and gamma 3 (gabrg3) map to chromosome 15q11-q13. the three genes are contained within roughly 800 kb of the distal part of the imprinted prader-willi and angelman syndrome region. a 570-kb contig encompassing gabrb3 and gabra5 has been constructed in p1, lambda phage, and pac clones. gabrb3 spans 250 kb of dna and is organized into 9 exons that range from 68 to 504 bp, while gabra5 ...	1997	9126483
the molecular basis for cross-reaction of an anti-dystrophin antibody with alpha-actinin.	the epitope recognised by the anti-dystrophin monoclonal antibodies mandys141 and mandys142 has been characterised using a phage display peptide library and a bacteriophage lambda cdna library. using a phage display library of random 15-mer peptides, the epitope recognised by the two antibodies was identified as eexf. a lambda gt11 clone obtained by screening a human muscle cdna library was shown to contain part of the out-of-frame human mitochondrial succinyl coa synthetase (alpha-subunit) cdna ...	1997	9128182
rapid mapping and subcloning of genomic clones in bacteriophage lambda by pcr.		1997	9149854
clone-contig and sts maps of the hereditary hemochromatosis region on human chromosome 6p21.3-p22.	yac-based and bacterial-clone based sts-content maps were constructed that served as the framework physical maps for the positional cloning of a candidate gene for hereditary hemochromatosis. the yac-based map comprises 43 yacs and 86 sts and spans approximately 8 mb of dna between the class i region of the major histocompatibility complex on human chromosome 6p21.3 and d6s276 in 6p22. comparison with published maps revealed a hole in the mit/whitehead and ceph yac maps that includes the immedia ...	1997	9149942
identification of an hd patient with a (cag)180 repeat expansion and the propagation of highly expanded cag repeats in lambda phage.	the huntington's disease mutation has been identified as a cag/polyglutamine repeat expansion in a large gene of unknown function. in order to develop the transgenic systems necessary to uncover the molecular pathology of this disorder, it is necessary to be able to manipulate highly expanded cag repeats in a cloned form. we have identified a patient with an expanded allele of greater than 170 repeat units and have cloned the mutant allele in the lambda zap vector. the recovery of highly expande ...	1997	9150744
kinetic analysis of the endonuclease activity of phage lambda terminase: assembly of a catalytically competent nicking complex is rate-limiting.	the terminase enzyme from bacteriophage lambda is responsible for excision of a single genome from a concatameric dna precursor and its insertion into an empty viral procapsid. the enzyme possesses a site-specific endonuclease activity which is responsible for excision of the viral genome and the formation of the 12 base-pair single-stranded "sticky" ends of mature lambda dna. we have previously reported a kinetic analysis of the endonuclease activity of lambda terminase which showed an enzyme c ...	1997	9153418
mnk1, a new map kinase-activated protein kinase, isolated by a novel expression screening method for identifying protein kinase substrates.	we have developed a novel expression screening method for identifying protein kinase substrates. in this method, a lambda phage cdna expression library is screened by in situ, solid-phase phosphorylation using purified protein kinase and [gamma-32p]atp. screening a hela cdna library with erk1 map kinase yielded cdnas of previously characterized erk substrates, c-myc and p90rsk, demonstrating the utility of this method for identifying physiological protein kinase substrates. a novel clone isolate ...	1997	9155018
the dual role of apl in prophage induction of coliphage 186.	in the present study we show that the apl protein of the temperate coliphage 186 combines, in one protein, the activities of the coliphage lambda proteins cro and xis. we have shown previously that apl represses both the lysogenic promoter, pl, and the major lytic promoter, pr, and is required for excision of the prophage. apl binds at two locations on the phage chromosome, i.e. between pr and pl and at the phage-attachment site. using an in vivo recombination assay, we now show that the role of ...	1997	9157239
replication and amplification of lambda plasmids in escherichia coli during amino acid starvation and limitation.	it was demonstrated previously that replication of plasmids derived from bacteriophage lambda (so-called lambda plasmids) is inhibited in wild-type escherichia coli cells starved for isoleucine and arginine whereas it proceeds under the same conditions in rela mutants. since replication of other replicons during the stringent or relaxed response depends on the nature of the deprived amino acid, we investigated replication of lambda plasmids in e. coli rela+ and rela- strains starved for differen ...	1997	9252584
kinetic and spectroscopic analyses of mutants of a conserved histidine in the metallophosphatases calcineurin and lambda protein phosphatase.	calcineurin belongs to a family of serine/threonine protein phosphatases that contain active site dinuclear metal cofactors. bacteriophage lambda protein phosphatase is also considered to be a member of this family based on sequence comparisons (lohse, d. l., denu, j. m., and dixon, j. e. (1995) structure 3, 987-990). using epr spectroscopy, we demonstrate that lambda protein phosphatase accommodates a dinuclear metal center. calcineurin and lambda protein phosphatase likewise contain a conserve ...	1997	9261141
a 3-mb contig from d11s987 to mlk3, a gene-rich region in 11q13.	we have combined genetic, radiation-reduced somatic cell hybrid (rrh), fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish), and physical mapping methods to generate a contig of overlapping yac, pac, and cosmid clones corresponding to > 3 continuous mb in 11q13. a total of 15 stss [7 genes (gstp1, actn, pc, mlk3, fra1, sea, hnp36), 4 polymorphic loci (d11s807, d11s987, gstp1, d11s913), 3 ests (d11s1956e, d11s951e, and w1-12191), and 1 anonymous sts (d11s703)], mapping to three independent rrh segregation gr ...	1997	9267807
xer recombination in escherichia coli. site-specific dna topoisomerase activity of the xerc and xerd recombinases.	xer site-specific recombination functions in maintaining circular replicons in the monomeric state in escherichia coli. two recombinases of the bacteriophage lambda integrase family, xerc and xerd, are required for recombination at the chromosomal site, dif, and at a range of plasmid-borne sites. xer recombination core sites contain the 11-base pair binding sites for each recombinase separated by a 6 to 8-base pair central region. we report that both xerc and xerd act as site-specific type i top ...	1997	9268326
kinetic characterization of the strand separation ("helicase") activity of the dna packaging enzyme from bacteriophage lambda.	bacteriophage lambda is assembled from preformed viral capsids (proheads), tails, and genomes that are excised from a concatemeric dna precursor. the enzyme responsible for insertion of the genome into the precapsid is known as terminase. this enzyme possesses site-specific endonuclease, atpase, and dna strand separation ("helicase") catalytic activities, which work in concert to excise and package a single viral genome during phage assembly. we have previously characterized the endonuclease [to ...	1997	9271494
chromosomal localization of rat hepatocyte growth factor (hgf) and hgf receptor (met) and characterization of hgf receptor cdna.	the met protooncogene encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor (hgf), a potent mitogen for hepatocytes and other epithelial cells produced by mesenchymal cells. many of the studies on the physiologic and neoplastic growth of the liver, as well as other organs, have been performed in the rat. therefore, chromosomal mapping of the rat hgf gene and the gene of its receptor is of particular value. to achieve this, a probe of the coding part of rat hgf cdna was used to is ...	1997	9271668
the hydrophilic c-terminal part of the lambda s holin is non-essential for intermolecular interactions.	available evidence indicates that oligomerization of the bacteriophage lambda s holin leads to a non-specific lesion in the cytoplasmic membrane which permits transit of the phage encoded transglycosylase to the periplasm. in an attempt to locate an intermolecular interaction domain in s a chimeric protein comprising the n-terminal 32 aa of phage phix174 lysis protein e and the last 75 aa of lambda s has been constructed. we report that the e phi s fusion protein is stable, membrane bound, and i ...	1997	9271868
uvb dna dosimeters analyzed by polymerase chain reactions.	purified bacteriophage lambda dna was dried on a uv-transparent polymer film and served as a uvb dosimeter for personal and ecological applications. bacteriophage lambda dna was chosen because it is commercially available and inexpensive, and its entire sequence is known. each dosimeter contained two sets of dna sandwiched between uv-transparent polymer films, one exposed to solar radiation (experimental) and another protected from uv radiation by black paper (control). the dna dosimeter was the ...	1997	9273549
human fatty acid ethyl ester synthase-iii gene: genomic organization, nucleotide sequencing and chromosomal localization.	the complete gene for human fatty acid ethyl ester synthase-iii (faees-iii) was isolated from a human genomic lambda phage library for functional and structural determination. the gene spans approximately 3.3 kb which includes 791 base pairs of the 5' and 124 base pairs of the 3' flanking regions. the gene is comprised of seven exons and is interrupted by six introns. several transcription regulatory sequences were identified in the promoter region. primer extension experiments demonstrated the ...	1997	9278265
long-range effects in a supercoiled dna domain generated by transcription in vitro.	the translocation of a transcription complex can transiently introduce positive and negative superhelical windings into the template dna. to gain further insight into this dynamic dna supercoiling mechanism and its possible involvement in biological processes, we employed an in vitro system in which site-specific recombination by gammadelta resolvase is topologically coupled to transcription-induced negative supercoiling. our kinetic experiments suggest that recombination is closely linked to th ...	1997	9281422
oriented dna binding by one-armed lambda repressor heterodimers and contacts between repressor and rna polymerase at p(rm).	bacteriophage lambda repressor activates transcription from p(rm) by contacting the sigma subunit of e. coli rna polymerase. although mutations in repressors that are defective in activation affect exposed residues in the repressor-operator co-crystal, the subunit in repressor dimers that is responsible for activation has not been determined experimentally. here, we describe an oriented heterodimer approach using one-armed repressor-leucine zipper fusion proteins to resolve this question. protec ...	1997	9282743
amylase on pecten maximus (mollusca, bivalves): protein and cdna characterization; quantification of the expression in the digestive gland.	the digestive enzyme alpha-amylase in pecten maximus has been purified from the digestive gland, where it is present as two isoforms, in order to gain information on its structure and regulation, a digestive gland cdna library, constructed in lambda phage zap ii (stratagene, la jolla, calif., u.s.a.), was screened with a shrimp alpha-amylase cdna probe. only 0.02% of the clones were positive, and the longest clone, having a size of 1700 bp and identical to that of the mrna, was fully sequenced. ...	1997	9284561
genetic evidence that recognition of cosq, the signal for termination of phage lambda dna packaging, depends on the extent of head filling.	packaging a phage lambda chromosome involves cutting the chromosome from a concatemer and translocating the dna into a prohead. the cutting site, cos, consists of three subsites: cosn, the nicking site; cosb, a site required for packaging initiation; and cosq a site required for termination of packaging. cosb contains three binding sites (r sequences) for gpnu1, the small subunit of terminase. because cosq has sequence identity to the r sequences, it has been proposed that cosq is also recognize ...	1997	9286664
[cooperation of phage and bacterial proteins in bacteriophage lambda dna replication].		1997	9289728
insertion of 2 kb of bacteriophage dna between an immunoglobulin promoter and leader exon stops somatic hypermutation in a kappa transgene.	somatic hypermutation in rearranged immunoglobulin variable genes occurs in a 2kb region of dna that is delimited on the 5' side by the promoter and on the 3' side by intron dna. to identify sequence features that activate the mutation mechanism, we increased the distance between the promoter and the leader region to test whether the spacing of these elements was important. the promoter was separated from the leader sequence by inserting a 2 kb fragment of noncoding bacteriophage lambda dna betw ...	1997	9293769
translational repression by a transcriptional elongation factor.	one of the classical positive regulators of gene expression is bacteriophage lambda n protein. n regulates the transcription of early phage genes by participating in the formation of a highly processive, terminator-resistant transcription complex and thereby stimulates the expression of genes lying downstream of transcriptional terminators. also included in this antiterminating transcription complex are an rna site (nut) and host proteins (nus). here we demonstrate that n has an additional, hith ...	1997	9303536
an rna enhancer in a phage transcriptional antitermination complex functions as a structural switch.	antitermination protein n regulates the transcriptional program of phage lambda through recognition of rna enhancer elements. binding of an arginine-rich peptide to one face of an rna hairpin organizes the other, which in turn binds to the host antitermination complex. the induced rna structure mimics a gnra hairpin, an organizational element of rrna and ribozymes. the two faces of the rna, bridged by a sheared ga base pair, exhibit a specific pattern of base stacking and base flipping. this pat ...	1997	9303537
expression of a streptomycete leaderless mrna encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in escherichia coli.	the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene from streptomyces acrimycini encodes a leaderless mrna. expression of the cat coding sequence as a leaderless mrna from a modified lac promoter resulted in chloramphenicol resistance in escherichia coli. transcript mapping with nuclease s1 confirmed that the 5' end of the cat message initiated at the a of the aug translational start codon. site-directed mutagenesis of the lac promoter or the cat start codon abolished chloramphenicol resistance, in ...	1997	9352935
shigella flexneri type-specific antigen v: cloning, sequencing and characterization of the glucosyl transferase gene of temperate bacteriophage sfv.	with lysogeny by bacteriophage sfv, shigella flexneri serotype y is converted to serotype 5a. the glucosyl transferase gene (gtr) from bacteriophage sfv of s. flexneri, involved in serotype-specific conversion, was cloned and characterized. the dna sequence of a 3.7 kb ecori-bamhi fragment of bacteriophage sfv which includes the gtr gene was determined. this gene, encoding a polypeptide of 417 aa with 47.67 kda molecular mass, caused partial serotype conversion of s. flexneri from serotype y to ...	1997	9305766
diverse fab specific for acetylcholine receptor epitopes from a myasthenia gravis thymus combinatorial library.	the muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis (mg) is caused by heterogeneous high-affinity igg autoantibodies to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (achr), a complex ion channel glycoprotein. these antibodies are clearly responsible for reducing achr numbers at the neuromuscular junction in myasthenia; however, the origins, diversity, specificity and pathogenicity of individual antibodies have not yet been established. we have cloned and characterized four different achr-specific fab from an mg pa ...	1997	9310834
adenovirus type 12 dna firmly associates with mammalian chromosomes early after virus infection or after dna transfer by the addition of dna to the cell culture medium.	human adenovirus type 12 (ad12) infects human cells productively and leads to viral replication, whereas infection of hamster cells remains abortive, with total blocks in viral dna replication and late viral gene transcription. the intranuclear fate of ad12 dna in productively infected human cells and in abortively infected hamster cells was monitored by using the fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) technique. human hela cells, primary human umbilical cord fibroblasts, hamster bhk21 cells, ...	1997	9311883
single-molecule detection of specific nucleic acid sequences in unamplified genomic dna.	a new technique is described for the rapid detection of specific nucleic acid sequences in unamplified dna samples. the method consists of using two nucleic acid probes complementary to different sites on a target dna sequence. the two probes are each labeled with different fluorescent dyes. when mixed with a sample containing the target dna, the two probes hybridize to their respective binding sites on the same target dna molecule. the sample is then analyzed by a laser-based ultrasensitive flu ...	1997	9322430
stability of cii is a key element in the cold stress response of bacteriophage lambda infection.	bacteria are known to adapt to environmental changes such as temperature fluctuations. it was found that temperature affects the lysis-lysogeny decision of lambda such that at body temperature (37 degrees c) the phage can select between the lytic and lysogenic pathways, while at ambient temperature (20 degrees c) the lytic pathway is blocked. this temperature-dependent discriminatory developmental pathway is governed mainly by the phage cii activity as a transcriptional activator. mutations in c ...	1997	9324241
identification of inflammatory mediators by screening for glucocorticoid-attenuated response genes.	we describe an approach for identifying novel inflammatory mediators, based on screening for immediate early/primary response genes whose induction by an inflammatory stimulus is attenuated by glucocorticoids. this procedure can be applied to a wide range of cell types and tissues, using a variety of inducers. in an initial test of this idea, we identified cdnas for 12 lps-induced, glucocorticoid-attenuated response genes (gargs) by differential hybridization screening of a lambda phage cdna lib ...	1997	9330327
molecular cloning and characterization of a cdna encoding a bovine butanediol dehydrogenase.	using a polyclonal antibody against a bovine brain 30-kda protein (p30), we isolated from a lambda gt11 bovine brain expression library a cdna that codifies a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 30 kda. the cdna nucleotide sequence contained a unique open reading frame encoding a 26.7 kda polypeptide. the 257 amino acids deduced sequence showed a significant homology with several dehydrogenases, mainly with a bacterial acetoin reductase (62%). the cloned cdna identity was confirmed by the ...	1997	9332371
topoisomerase iv, not gyrase, decatenates products of site-specific recombination in escherichia coli.	dna replication and recombination generate intertwined dna intermediates that must be decatenated for chromosome segregation to occur. we showed recently that topoisomerase iv (topo iv) is the only important decatenase of dna replication intermediates in bacteria. earlier results, however, indicated that dna gyrase has the primary role in unlinking the catenated products of site-specific recombination. to address this discordance, we constructed a set of isogenic strains that enabled us to inhib ...	1997	9334322
design of thermolabile bacteriophage repressor mutants by comparative molecular modeling.	comparative molecular modeling was performed with repressor protein rro of the temperate lactococcus lactis bacteriophage r1t using the known 3d-structures of related repressors in order to obtain thermolabile derivatives of rro. rro residues presumed to stabilize a nonhomologous but structurally conserved hydrophobic pocket, which was shown to be important for thermostability of the escherichia coli bacteriophage lambda repressor ci, were randomized. of the derivatives that exhibited various te ...	1997	9335049
rna recognition by a bent alpha-helix regulates transcriptional antitermination in phage lambda.	a novel rna recognition motif is characterized in an arginine-rich peptide. the motif, derived from lambda transcriptional antitermination protein n, regulates an rna-directed genetic switch. its characterization by multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) demonstrates specific rna-dependent folding of n- and c-terminal recognition helices separated by a central bend. the biological importance of the bent alpha-helix is demonstrated by mutagenesis: binding is blocked by substitutions in ...	1997	9335528
linkage between operator binding and dimer to octamer self-assembly of bacteriophage lambda ci repressor.	cooperative binding of the bacteriophage lambda ci repressor dimer to specific sites of the phage operators or and ol controls the developmental state of the phage. cooperativity has long been thought to be mediated by self-assembly of repressor dimers to form tetramers which can bind simultaneously to adjacent operators. more recently, we demonstrated that when free repressor dimers self-associate in solution, tetramer is an intermediate in a concerted assembly reaction leading to octamer as th ...	1997	9335560
roles for lambda orf and escherichia coli reco, recr and recf in lambda recombination.	bacteriophage lambda lacking its red recombination functions requires either its own gene product, orf, or the product of escherichia coli's reco, recr and recf genes (recorf) for efficient recombination in recbc sbcb sbcc mutant cells (the recf pathway). phage crosses under conditions of a partial block to dna replication have revealed the following: (1) in the presence of orf, recf pathway recombination is similar to lambda red recombination; (2) orf is necessary for focusing recombination tow ...	1997	9335578
mtc28, a novel 28-kilodalton proline-rich secreted antigen specific for the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.	proteins that are actively secreted by mycobacterium tuberculosis serve as major targets of immune responses in the infected host. to identify and purify novel proteins in the filtrates of m. tuberculosis cultures, a bacteriophage lambda library of m. tuberculosis h37rv dna was immunoscreened by using an anti-culture filtrate rabbit antiserum. of 20 positive clones isolated, 6 were analyzed and found to express the genes for two known components of the early culture filtrate, the secreted 45/47- ...	1997	9393781
the gene coding for the dopa dioxygenase involved in betalain biosynthesis in amanita muscaria and its regulation.	genomic and cdna clones derived from the gene (doda) coding for dopa dioxygenase, a key enzyme in the betalain pathway, were obtained from the basidiomycete amanita muscaria. a cdna library was established in the phage lambda zapii and doda clones were isolated using polyclonal antibodies raised against the purified enzyme. their identity was confirmed by comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with the sequence of several tryptic peptide fragments of dopa dioxygenase. the gene coded for a ...	1997	9341673
elevated mutant frequencies in gene laci in splenic lipopolysaccharide blasts after exposure to activated phagocytes in vitro.	the interaction of b lymphocytes with phagocytes is critical for shaping the humoral immune response, as well as various aspects of normal and malignant b cell development, and has therefore been studied by immunologists in great detail. however, one potential outcome of this confrontation is often neglected, namely the mutagenicity of phagocytes to b lymphocytes. we are interested in phagocyte-induced b cell mutagenesis and have conducted a feasibility study on the utility of a transgenic repor ...	1997	9341754
molding a peptide into an rna site by in vivo peptide evolution.	short peptides corresponding to the arginine-rich domains of several rna-binding proteins are able to bind to their specific rna sites with high affinities and specificities. in the case of the hiv-1 rev-rev response element (rre) complex, the peptide forms a single alpha-helix that binds deeply in a widened, distorted rna major groove and makes a substantial set of base-specific and backbone contacts. using a reporter system based on antitermination by the bacteriophage lambda n protein, it has ...	1997	9342332
mechanical separation of the complementary strands of dna.	we describe the mechanical separation of the two complementary strands of a single molecule of bacteriophage lambda dna. the 3' and 5' extremities on one end of the molecule are pulled progressively apart, and this leads to the opening of the double helix. the typical forces along the opening are in the range of 10-15 pn. the separation force signal is shown to be related to the local gc vs. at content along the molecule. variations of this content on a typical scale of 100-500 bases are present ...	1997	9342340
a folded monomeric intermediate in the formation of lambda cro dimer-dna complexes.	the folding, dimerization and dna binding equilibria of the bacteriophage lambda cro repressor have been characterized. comparison with four engineered variants shows that a folded monomeric species is substantially populated under conditions used for the formation of dimer-dna complexes. although cro dimers are the only dna-bound species observed in electrophoretic mobility shift assays, cooperativity in cro-dna binding isotherms shows that the predominant free protein species is monomeric at n ...	1997	9344748
molecular characterization, expression in escherichia coli, and epitope analysis of a two ef-hand calcium-binding birch pollen allergen, bet v 4.	birch pollen belongs to the most potent elicitors of type i allergic reactions in early spring. using serum ige from a birch pollen allergic patient, two cdna clones (clone 6 and clone 13) were isolated from a birch pollen expression cdna library constructed in phage lambda gt11. clone 6 encoded a 9.3 kd two ef-hand calcium-binding protein, designated bet v 4, with significant end to end sequence homology to ef-hand calcium-binding allergens from weed and grass pollen. recombinant bet v 4, expre ...	1997	9345295
studies on the nusb protein of escherichia coli--expression and determination of secondary-structure elements by multinuclear nmr spectroscopy.	the product of the nusb gene of escherichia coli modulates the efficiency of transcription termination at nut (n utilization) sites of various bacterial and bacteriophage lambda genes. similar control mechanisms operate in eukaryotic viruses (e.g. human immunodeficiency virus). a recombinant strain of e. coli producing relatively large amounts of nusb protein (about 10% of cell protein) was constructed. the protein could be purified with high yield by anion-exchange chromatography followed by ge ...	1997	9346286
chi-star, a chi-related 11-mer sequence partially active in an e. coli recc1004 strain.	chi sequence (5'gctggtgg) of escherichia coli was first identified as a site that increased the plaque size of bacteriophage lambda. subsequent studies showed that this site is responsible for both the attenuation ofrecbcd exonuclease activity and the promotion of reca, recbcd-mediated recombination. it is known that bacteriophage lambda containing the chi site makes very small plaques on a recc* (recc1004) mutant because chi is not recognized by the recbc*d mutant enzyme.	1997	9348042
molecular characterization of the glna gene encoding glutamine synthetase from the edible mushroom agaricus bisporus.	the gene encoding glutamine synthetase (glna) was isolated from an agaricus bisporus h39 recombinant lambda phage library. the deduced a. bisporus glutamine synthetase amino acid sequence contains 354 residues. the amino acid sequence is very similar to that derived from the gene coding for glutamine synthetase of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the open reading frame is interrupted by four introns. northern analysis revealed that transcription of the gene is repressed upon addition of ammon ...	1997	9349709
a complex glutathione transferase gene family in the housefly musca domestica.	in most metazoans, the glutathione s-transferases (gst) are encoded by gene families, and are used to detoxify xenobiotics. we describe the structure of genomic loci coding for the gsts in the housefly that have been implicated, by both genetic and biochemical means, in mediating insecticide resistance. in earlier work, we showed that one of the theta-class enzymes, mdgst-3, is overproduced in resistant flies and degrades certain insecticides. we used a fragment from a cdna clone of mdgst-3 as a ...	1997	9349710
sequential assignments and secondary structure of the rna-binding transcriptional regulator nusb.	the nusb protein is involved in transcriptional regulation in bacteriophage lambda. nusb binds to the rna form of the nut site and along with n, nusa, nuse and nusg, stabilizes the rna polymerase transcription complex and allows stable, persistent antitermination. nusb contains a 10 residue arg-rich rna-binding motif (arm) at the n-terminus but is not sequentially homologous to any other proteins. in contrast to other known arm-containing proteins, nusb forms a stable structure in solution in th ...	1997	9351000
identical megabase transgenes on mouse chromosomes 3 and 4 do not promote ectopic pairing or synapsis at meiosis.	to investigate ectopic interactions at the chromatin level, we examined the meiotic organization of 1-2 mb phage lambda transgenes on mouse chromosomes 3 and 4 by fluorescence in situ hybridization in combination with immunocytology of meiotic chromosomes. at early meiotic prophase, the transgenes are sufficiently dispersed in the nuclear volume to permit potential dna-dna interactions, but no synaptonemal complexes form between the sites of transgenes residing on different chromosomes. at later ...	1997	9352649
functional properties of replication fork assemblies established by the bacteriophage lambda o and p replication proteins.	we have used a set of bacteriophage lambda and escherichia coli replication proteins to establish rolling circle dna replication in vitro to permit characterization of the functional properties of lambda replication forks. we demonstrate that the lambda replication fork assembly synthesizes leading strand dna chains at a physiological rate of 650-750 nucleotides/s at 30 degrees c. this rate is identical to the fork movement rate we obtained using a minimal protein system, composed solely of e. c ...	1997	9353352
analysis of immunoglobulin g kappa antithyroid peroxidase antibodies from different tissues in hashimoto's thyroiditis.	antibodies (ab) to thyroid peroxidase (tpo) are common in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease and may play a role in disease pathogenesis. we have prepared immunoglobulin g kappa (igg kappa) and igg lambda phage display combinatorial libraries from the cervical (thyroid-draining) lymph nodes of 2 hashimoto's thyroiditis patients and from the thyroid of 1 patient. after selection with purified recombinant human tpo, up to 10 high affinity igg kappa clones from each tissue source were analyze ...	1997	9360547
genomic organization, chromosomal localization, and expression of the murine thromboxane synthase gene.	thromboxane synthase (ts) is a membrane-bound cytochrome p450 enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of txa2, a potent modulator of vascular smooth muscle contraction and platelet aggregation. ts plays an important role in hemostasis and may be intimately involved in the etiology of cardiovascular, renal, and immune diseases. restriction enzyme mapping, subcloning, and dna sequencing analysis of recombinant phage lambda and p1 clones revealed that exons encoding the 1.9-kb mouse ts mrna are dispersed o ...	1997	9367676
regulation of the elongation-termination decision at intrinsic terminators by antitermination protein n of phage lambda.	the mechanisms that control n-protein-dependent antitermination in the phage lambda life cycle have counterparts in the regulatory systems of other organisms. here we examine n-dependent antitermination at the intrinsic tr' terminator of lambda to elucidate the regulatory principles involved. the tr' terminator consists of a sequence of six base-pairs along the template at which the transcription complex is sufficiently destabilized to make rna release possible. within this "zone of opportunity" ...	1997	9367773