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necrotising fasciitis of the extremity.necrotising fasciitis is a rare, life-threatening infection where there is necrosis of fascia, subcutaneous tissues and skin. three adult patients presented with this condition affecting the extremities and all had predisposing medical factors. each one complained of severe pain that seemed disproportionate to the skin affected. they underwent prompt surgical debridement and received antibiotic treatment and supportive therapy. these cases highlight the increasing incidence and differences in pr ...201019815478
antibacterial activities of crude extract of aloe barbadensis to clinically isolated bacterial pathogens.the antibacterial activity of aloe barbadensis was tested on clinically isolated bacterial pathogens i.e. enterococcus bovis, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, morganella morganii, and klebsiella pneumoniae causing infection in human being. ethanolic and aqueous extracts were used for the antibacterial effect, which was measured by the appearance of zone of inhibition. relatively higher mic concentrations were obtained for gram ...201019263248
phenotypic and molecular characterization of two novel ctx-m enzymes carried by klebsiella pneumoniae.two clinical strains (klebsiella pneumoniae 516 and k. pneumoniae 1335) collected in september 2006 from different hospitals in anhui province (china) harboured two novel plasmid-mediated bla(ctx-m) genes, designated bla(ctx-m-80) and bla(ctx-m-81), respectively. both ctx-m-80 with pi of 9.0 and ctx-m-81 with pi of 8.4 were extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls). the results of susceptibility testing demonstrated two enzymes were highly activity against broad spectrum beta-lactams, but the le ...201019294528
[real-time pcr for fast detection of plasmid-mediated qnr genes in extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae].to develop a fast and reliable real time pcr technique for detecting plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnra, qnrb and qnrs.201019375248
[stability: a factor to consider in antibiotic-lock solutions].antibiotic-lock therapy (alt) has been related to a reduction in the need for catheter withdrawal in patients with catheter-related infection. the stability of the antimicrobial solutions used in alt has not been sufficiently investigated. a systematic literature review was performed to identify articles including studies on the stability of alt solutions. nine studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria requiring specific drug determination techniques, and no apparent drug alterations were observe ...201019409671
a recent evaluation of empirical cephalosporin treatment and antibiotic resistance of changing bacterial profiles in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.the aim of this research is to evaluate the recent changes in microorganisms causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients, antibiotic resistance, and response to empirical cephalosporin therapy. a total of 218 patients with ascites secondary to cirrhosis were enrolled. parenteral cefotaxime or cefepime was given to patients who had a neutrophil count of 250/mm(3) or more or a positive bacterial culture of ascitic fluid. antibiotic failure was defined by an absence of clinical ...201019424797
cationic compounds with activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria: interest of a new compound compared with two older antiseptics, hexamidine and chlorhexidine.use of antiseptics and disinfectants is essential in infection control practices in hospital and other healthcare settings. in this study, the in vitro activity of a new promising compound, para-guanidinoethylcalix[4]arene (cx1), has been evaluated in comparison with hexamidine (hx) and chlorhexidine (chx), two older cationic antiseptics. the mics for 69 clinical isolates comprising methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-sensitive s. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (co ...201019456831
detection of ampc beta-lactamases in escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., salmonella spp. and proteus mirabilis in a regional clinical microbiology laboratory.there are currently no standardized diagnostic tests available for the reliable detection of ampc beta-lactamases in klebsiella spp., escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and salmonella spp. a study was designed to evaluate a confirmation disk test using cefotetan (ctt) and cefoxitin (fox) with phenylboronic acid (pba). it also investigated the most suitable screening concentrations of fox, ceftriaxone (cro) and ceftazidime (caz) for the detection of ampc beta-lactamases. a total of 126 control ( ...201019456838
outcomes of malignant external otitis: survival vs mortality.in patients with malignant external otitis (meo), mortality was not related to age, sex, degree of glucose tolerance, duration of diabetes mellitus (dm), microorganism, comorbid disease, or involvement of a single cranial nerve. severe complications such as skull base osteomyelitis, intracranial extension, and involvement of multiple cranial nerves were correlated with mortality.201019466617
factor analysis of microbiological activity data and structural parameters of antibacterial quinolones.factor analysis (fa) was performed on quinolone derivatives with antibacterial activity to model relationships between molecular descriptors and microbiological activities determined on five bacterial cell lines (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae). molecular modeling studies were performed with the use of hyperchem software and mm+ molecular mechanics with the semi-empirical am1 method. factor analysis led to the e ...201019603202
atrazine degradation by a simple consortium of klebsiella sp. a1 and comamonas sp. a2 in nitrogen enriched medium.a simple consortium consisted of two members of klebsiella sp. a1 and comamonas sp. a2 was isolated from the sewage of a pesticide mill in china. one member of klebsiella sp. a1 is a novel strain that could use atrazine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. the consortium showed high atrazine-mineralizing efficiency and about 83.3% of 5 g l(-1) atrazine could be mineralized after 24 h degradation. contrary to many other reported microorganisms, the consortium was insensitive to some nitrogenou ...201019603273
risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae acquisition in a neonatal intensive care unit.this study was made to find the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae in neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and to identify the risk factors associated with the acquisition of these organisms. risk factors associated with esbl-producing e. coli and/or k. pneumoniae acquisition status of neonates were assessed. of 253 neonates admitted, 238 entered the active surveillance system. esbl-producing k. pneumoniae was responsible for ...201019608665
a 7-year surveillance for esbl-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae at a university hospital in taiwan: the increase of ctx-m-15 in the icu.to monitor the changing trend of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing bacteria, a 7-year continuous study was launched in 2001 at the largest tertiary hospital in taiwan. a significant increase over the study period was evident for esbl-producing isolates of escherichia coli (4.8-10.0%) and klebsiella pneumoniae (15.0-23.4%). molecular investigation conducted in three separate periods revealed the prevalent esbl types and their genetic relatedness. ctx-m-producing isolates (73.8%) w ...201019619387
inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by cyanobacterial extracts--indications of novel tumor-promoting cyanotoxins?toxicity and liver tumor promotion of cyanotoxins microcystins have been extensively studied. however, recent studies document that other metabolites present in the complex cyanobacterial water blooms may also have adverse health effects. in this study we used rat liver epithelial stem-like cells (wb-f344) to examine the effects of cyanobacterial extracts on two established markers of tumor promotion, inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication (gjic) and activation of mitogen-activ ...201019619572
identification and utilization of a 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase isoenzyme for production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol in klebsiella pneumoniae.in a previous study, we showed that 1,3-propanediol (1,3-pd) was still produced from glycerol by the klebsiella pneumoniae mutant strain defective in 1,3-pd oxidoreductase (dhat), although the production level was lower compared to the parent strain. as a potential candidate for another putative 1,3-pd oxidoreductase, we identified and characterized a homolog of escherichia coli yqhd (88% homology in amino acid sequence), which encodes an alcohol dehydrogenase and is well known to replace the fu ...201019626321
[comparative activity of ertapenem against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing or plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae].the effect of porin loss and inoculum size on the comparative activity of ertapenem against either extended-spectrum beta lactamase-producing (esbl) or plasmid-mediated ampc beta lactamase-producing (pacbl) klebsiella pneumoniae strains was evaluated.201019631421
klebsiella pneumoniae brain abscess in neonates: a report of 2 cases.brain abscesses are uncommon in neonates. klebsiella pneumoniae is a very uncommon microbial agent to cause brain abscess. we report 2 infants with klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis who developed brain abscesses. one infant was a premature neonate who required mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome and subsequently developed nosocomial sepsis and brain abscess without evidence of preceding meningitis. another infant was a full-term neonate without risk factors for sepsis who develop ...201019574580
manipulation of the microbiota of mass-reared mediterranean fruit flies ceratitis capitata (diptera: tephritidae) improves sterile male sexual performance.the sterile insect technique (sit) is a method of biological control whereby millions of factory reared sterile male insects are released into the field. this technique is commonly used to combat the mediterranean fruit fly (ceratitis capitata, diptera: tephritidae). sterile medfly males are less competent in attracting and mating with wild females, a property commonly linked to the irradiation process responsible for the sterilization. as bacteria are important partners in the fly's life cycle, ...201019617877
pink hypopyon caused by klebsiella pneumonia. 201019648890
endogenous klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis with renal abscess: report of two cases.klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common organisms causing endogenous endophthalmitis in east asia. herein we report the cases of two diabetic patients with k. pneumoniae renal abscess and endophthalmitis. although endogenous endophthalmitis is rare, both internists and ophthalmologists should be alert to the possibility of endogenous endophthalmitis in diabetic patients caused by k. pneumoniae renal abscess. intravitreal ceftazidime, amikacin, and corticosteroid at an appropriate dosage ...201019656711
a rare case of klebsiella pneumoniae myocardial abscess. 201019660317
klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia in a region of canada.the second case of maga+ rmpa+ hypermucoviscosity phenotype klebsiella pneumoniae infection was documented in canada, in an immigrant from algeria. to ascertain whether this represented recent importation of the strain or local transmission within canada, a retrospective study of k. pneumoniae bacteraemia was conducted in the region, from 1997 to 2007, and 411 episodes were identified. no epidemiological evidence for local transmission of this strain was found. however, for the first time, the p ...201019673962
detection and characterization of enterobacteriaceae producing metallo-beta-lactamases in a tertiary-care hospital in spain.carbapenem-resistant or intermediate (mic >or=1 mg/l) clinical isolates (n = 12) of three species of enterobacteriaceae (klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca and escherichia coli) were characterized. the isolates harboured integrons containing the vim-1 metallo-beta-lactamase gene together with other resistance gene cassettes. in particular, the ctx-m-2 gene was detected in four of the k. pneumoniae isolates. the patient population was mostly paediatric and characterized by severe underlyin ...201019624502
growth and gaseous emissions of pure and mixed small intestinal bacterial cultures: effects of bile and vancomycin.simultaneous cultivations in anaerobiosis, aerobiosis and with microaerobic gas mixture were used to clarify the bile (oxgall) effects on the pure and mixed cultures of enterobacterial strains in simulations in portable microbe enrichment unit (pmeu) linked with chempro100i((r)) gas detector. the effects of vancomycin were evaluated in aerobic cultures. growth and metabolic activity of cultures were also followed by measuring sugar consumption, ph alterations, and colony counts on bd chromagar o ...201019682874
diversity in vim-2-encoding class 1 integrons and occasional blashv2a carriage in isolates of a persistent, multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa clone from tunis.from 2002 to 2006, 35 of 73 multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from different wards at charles nicolle hospital of tunis were positive for class b carbapenemase (using the imipenem-edta test), owing to a bla(vim-2) gene cassette in a class 1 integron. twenty-three isolates additionally produced the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase shv2a. dna sequences immediately surrounding bla(shv2a) shared extensive identity with a klebsiella pneumoniae plasmid sequence. despite belonging to ...201019686278
emergence of ctx-m-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in bosnia and herzegovina.fifty-seven nosocomial klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) were collected between february 2007 and november 2007 in different wards of the sarajevo (bosnia-herzegovina) reference hospital. these isolates comprise two major epidemic pulsed-field electrophoresis-defined clones plus two minor clones. in addition to the esbl-mediated resistance, all strains uniformly showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and tobramycin. the beta-lactamases inv ...201019686282
conformational changes associated with cofactor/substrate binding of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae: implications for enzyme mechanism.6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6pgdh), the third enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate, making ribulose 5-phosphate, along with the reduction of nadp(+) to nadph and the release of co(2). here, we report the first apo-form crystal structure of the pathogenic klebsiella pneumoniae 6pgdh (kp6pgdh) and the structures of the highly homologous escherichia coli k12 6pgdh (ec6pgdh) complexed with substrate, substrate/nadph and glucose ...201019686854
intravenous fosfomycin for the treatment of nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae in critically ill patients: a prospective evaluation.intensive care unit (icu)-acquired infections as a result of multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens remain a serious problem in critically ill patients. adult icu patients who received intravenous fosfomycin were prospectively examined to assess its safety and effectiveness as an adjunct to the antimicrobial therapy of life-threatening infections caused by carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae. fosfomycin was administered intravenously in 11 patients for treatment of hospital-acquired ...201019694767
turrealabdane, turreanone and an antisalmonellal agent from turraeanthus africanus.phytochemical investigation of the seeds of turraeanthus africanus (meliaceae), a cameroonian plant species traditionally used in the treatment of typhoid fever, afforded eight compounds, including two labdanes, a c-arabinoside derivative, a sesquiterpene, and several triterpenes, two of which are new: 15',16'-dihydroxy-15(12'),15'(16')-diolidebislabd-8(17),8'(17'),12-trien-16-al ( 1), trivially named turrealabdane and a c-arabinoside derivative ( 2), trivially named turreanone. the other compou ...201019688688
emergence of klebsiella pneumoniae carrying the novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene variants bla(shv-40), bla(tem-116) and the class 1 integron-associated bla(ges-7) in brazil.a clinical klebsiella pneumoniae isolate carrying the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene variants bla(shv-40), bla(tem-116) and bla(ges-7) was recovered. cefoxitin and ceftazidime activity was most affected by the presence of these genes and an additional resistance to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole was observed. the bla(ges-7) gene was found to be inserted into a class 1 integron. these results show the emergence of novel bla(tem) and bla(shv) genes in brazil. moreover, the presence of class ...201019689462
in vitro assessment of the antibiotic efficacy of contrast media and antibiotics and their combinations at various dilutions.discography is a controversial diagnostic procedure involving the injection of radiographic contrast medium (rcm) into the intervertebral disc. iatrogenic bacterial discitis is a rare but serious complication. the intervention has been increasingly performed in our patients here in the united arab emirates. prophylactic intravenous antibiotic administration can reduce post-interventional discitis; however, this may favour the development of bacterial resistance. direct intradiscal injection of a ...201019690074
pleuritis and suppurative pneumonia associated with a hypermucoviscosity phenotype of klebsiella pneumoniae in california sea lions (zalophus californianus).the aim of this study is to document the isolation of a hypermucoviscosity (hmv) phenotype of klebsiella pneumoniae from 25 cases of suppurative pneumonia and pleuritis and two cases of abscesses in california sea lions (zalophus californianus) from the central california coast, representing the first report of this zoonotic pathogen from the marine environment and only the second report in non-humans. animals died 2h to 4 days after first being observed sick on beaches. clinical signs varied fr ...201019709820
the conjunctival bacterial pattern of diabetics undergoing cataract surgery.to ascertain the conjunctival bacterial pattern of diabetics undergoing cataract operation to reduce the risk of postoperative endophthalmitis (pe).201019713978
construction of a novel expression system in klebsiella pneumoniae and its application for 1,3-propanediol production.a novel expression system of klebsiella pneumoniae was developed in order to improve 1,3-propanediol (1,3-pd) production using a k. pneumoniae-escherichia coli shuttle vector pet28a consisting of the kanamycin-resistance gene promoter pkan. the recombinant plasmid petpkan-cat carrying the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene cat as selectable marker was constructed to test the availability of the promoter pkan in k. pneumoniae. the results showed that the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase was ...201019728170
[epidemiology of enterobacteriaceae causing bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care unit patients].an increasing number of neonates require intensive care, and this population has a high risk of developing infections. the enterobacteriaceae most commonly related to healthcare-associated infection in neonatal intensive care units (nicu) are escherichia coli, klebsiella spp and enterobacter cloacae.201019726111
haemopoietic stem cell transplantation induces tolerance to donor antigens but not to foreign fviii peptides.a 22-year-old male with severe haemophilia a and high responding factor viii (fviii) inhibitor underwent sibling haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in an attempt to eradicate the inhibitor. a reduced intensity conditioning regimen was followed by bone marrow infusion and continuous fviii administration during immune reconstitution. although substantial levels of fviii:c (>100 iu dl(-1)) were maintained initially, at day +23 inhibitor titres rose, indicating boosting of recipient memory rep ...201019735311
selection of indicator bacteria based on screening of 16s rdna metagenomic library from a two-stage anoxic-oxic bioreactor system degrading azo dyes.dye degradation has gained attention of late due to indiscriminate disposal from user industries. enhancing efficiency of biological treatment provides a cheaper alternative vis-à-vis other advanced technologies. dye molecules are metabolized biologically via anoxic and oxic treatments. in this study, bacterial community surviving on dye effluent working in anoxic-oxic bioreactor was analyzed using 16s rdna approach. azo-dye decolorizing and degrading bacterial community was enriched in lab-scal ...201019748265
development of ertapenem resistance in a patient with mediastinitis caused by klebsiella pneumoniae producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.the aim was to study the clinical and microbiological features associated with a carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae isolate that had been selected in vivo by an ertapenem-containing regimen in a patient with mediastinitis despite high blood and mediastinal levels of ertapenem. carbapenem resistance was characterized by conjugation, pcr, dna sequencing and analysis of outer-membrane proteins. the isolates susceptible and resistant to the carbapenems were compared by ribotyping and pfge. r ...201019745032
total knee arthroplasty and crigler-najjar syndrome: a case report.crigler-najjar (cn) syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by hyperbilirubinemia due to a deficiency in the hepatic enzyme udp-glucuronosyl-transferase. we describe the first case of total knee arthroplasty in a patient with cn syndrome (type ii). this procedure was complicated by kernicterus 1 week after hospital discharge. he also developed klebsiella bacteremia and sepsis, requiring a brief icu stay. he was discharged in good condition 2 months later. it is evident that physicians i ...201019751978
evaluation of the presence of helicobacter species in the biliary system of turkish patients with cholelithiasis.helicobacter genus and bile-resistant helicobacter pylori are suggested to have a role in gallstone formation and epithelial cell proliferation in the gallbladder. the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of helicobacter species in the gallbladder tissue, bile and gallstones of turkish patients with cholelithiasis.201021331997
the emergence of qnr-mediated quinolone resistance among enterobacteriaceae in jamaica.quinolone resistance is usually caused by various chromosomal mutations, but has been more recently associated with plasmids which carry the qnr determinant. the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of qnr genes in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae in jamaica.201021291099
isolation of pathogenic aerobic bacteria from the blood of septicaemic neonatal calves and the susceptibility of isolates to various antibiotics.an automated blood culture system (bactec 9240) was used for the isolation of aerobic bacteria from the blood of septicaemic neonatal calves. blood samples were collected from 90 clinically septicaemic and 20 healthy neonatal calves and inoculated into blood culture bottles. there were 89 significant isolates from 90 positive blood cultures using the bactec system. escherichia coli was the most common pathogen detected accounting for 56 (63%) out of 89 isolates. the other pathogens were beta-hae ...201021247017
synthesis, antimicrobial and anticancer activity of new thiosemicarbazone derivatives.thiosemicarbazones of p-aminobenzoic acid (paba) were synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial and anticancer activity. hydroxamate derivatives 4a-4l were found to have better antimicrobial and anticancer activity than their acid counterpart. compound 4d was found to have good antimicrobial activity against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, vibrio cholerae, and bacillus subtilis with ic(50) value of about 1 µm. compound 4f showed potent antifungal activity aga ...201021290424
[detection of expanded-espectrum-betalactamases by diramic system: comparison with the double-disk synergy test and e-test].the capacity of the diramic system to detect strains producing extended-spectrum-betalactamase (esbl) was evaluated through the comparison with two phenotypic confirmatory tests: double-disk synergy test and e-test. ninety seven clinical isolates of escherichia coli y klebsiella spp. previously characterized; not repeated and suspected of being esbl producers were studied by the three methods. in comparison with e-test and double-disk synergy test, diramic system showed a sensitivity of 85.7% an ...201021279294
epidemiology and risk factors for esbl-producing klebsiella pneumoniae: a case control study.increased production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) has become an important issue for treatment of severe klebsiella pneumoniae (k. pneumoniae) infections. this study aimed to evaluate risk factors of infection from esbl-producing k. pneumoniae (esbl-kp).201021252449
plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in expanded spectrum beta lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae in morocco.although independently acquired, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance appears to be linked with extended-spectrum or ampc-type beta-lactamases. since no data are available in african countries, the prevalence of qnr genes at the university hospital ibn rochd, casablanca, morocco, was investigated.201021252459
[splenic abscess secondary to a colosplenic fistula as the presenting manifestation of colon cancer]. 201021242902
[research regarding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases produced by enterobacteria strains].to evaluate the susceptiblity of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) producing organisms among escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae, isolated between january-october 2009 from hospital and community.201021243821
antimicrobial activity of some new of 2-(4-ethyl-phenoximethyl) benzoic acid thioureides against planktonic cells.the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of new 2-(4-ethyl-phenoxymethyl) benzoic acid thioureides. the synthesis of the new compounds was done in three steps starting with the synthesis of 2-(4-ethyl-phenoxymethyl) benzoic acid. in the second stage, the 2-(4-ethyl-phenoxymethyl)-benzoyl chloride was prepared and the new thioureides were synthesized in the third step by the reaction of 2-(4-ethyl-phenoxymethyl) benzoyl isothiocyanate with various primary aromatic a ...201021235136
inactivation and surface interactions of ms-2 bacteriophage in a tio2 photoelectrocatalytic reactor.inactivation of ms-2 bacteriophage in a tio(2) photoelectrocatalytic system was evaluated, wherein tio(2) particles were coated onto an indium tin oxide (ito) electrode and an electrical potential was applied under black light blue (blb) irradiation. ms-2 phage inactivation was greatly enhanced by anodic potential, whereas cathodic potential completely inhibited inactivation. experiments performed with radical scavengers showed that inactivation was primarily caused by hydroxyl radicals, both in ...201021216427
septal rhinoscleroma.rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous condition of the nose and other structures of the upper respiratory tract. infection by the bacterium klebsiella rhinoscleromatis is said to be the cause. a female patient aged 45 years, presented with a past history of trauma to the nose and swelling on her nose since last 1 year. there was nasal asymmetry and internal nasal examination showed a septal swelling protruding to the right nasal cavity with hypertrophied nasal mucosa and inferior turbinate. o ...201021217987
antimicrobial activity of α-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-ω-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl) polymethylene from caesalpinia bonducella (l.) flem.the compound, α-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-ω-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)polymethylene, isolated from ethyl acetate leaf extract of caesalpinia bonducella (l.) flem. was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella sp., staphylococcus citrus, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, candida albicans and rhodotorula sp. using agar diffusion method. the compound exerted inhibitory zone at all concentrations and revealed t ...201021218063
role of hydrogen generation by klebsiella pneumoniae in the oral cavity.some gastrointestinal bacteria synthesize hydrogen (h(2)) by fermentation. despite the presence of bactericidal factors in human saliva, a large number of bacteria also live in the oral cavity. it has never been shown that oral bacteria also produce h(2) or what role h(2) might play in the oral cavity. it was found that a significant amount of h(2) is synthesized in the oral cavity of healthy human subjects, and that its generation is enhanced by the presence of glucose but inhibited by either t ...201021221934
public perception about drinking jar water and its bacteriological analysis.the consumption of jar water has been increasing consistently in these days. to improve such water quality and supply, information is needed to assess water contamination in a variety of community, including those that rely primarily on unimproved distributed sources of drinking water. this study was done to assess the public perception on drinking jar water and assessment of drinking jar water distributed in kathmandu valley which was conducted in the department of microbiology, amrit science c ...201021222409
surgical treatment of children with necrotizing pneumonia.to describe the results of the surgical treatment of children with necrotizing pneumonia.201021225174
rhinoscleroma: a case report.rhinoscleroma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which granulation tissue with a typical cell content is found. the paper presents the case of a 77-year-old woman with clinically diagnosed nodule in the nasal cavity. the histopathological examination revealed granulation tissue with plasma cells and mikulicz's cells. the clinical and morphological picture of the case in question is a rare opportunity to bring to mind a disease that used to be common in poland and which clinically can imitate m ...201021225500
[prevalence of nosocomial infections in 27 hospitals in the mediterranean region].a multicentre study was conducted in 27 hospitals in algeria, egypt, italy, morocco and tunisia to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of the nosocomial infections. the study population (4634 patients) was relatively young, mean age 41.1 (standard deviation 23.4) years. the prevalence of nosocomial infections was 10.5%; this was higher in non-teaching centres and moderate-sized hospitals. overall, urinary tract infections were the most common. paediatric departments rated particularly hi ...201021226344
the effectiveness of a health-surveillance program for caisson saturation divers in a tunnel-boring machine: a microbiological survey.the purpose of this field study is to report and evaluate the implementation of a health surveillance program we developed to monitor the microbiological load for saturation divers, including preventive and therapeutic interventions. we extended the dmac protocol for saturation diving chamber hygiene and added some components: ear inspections, swabs and environmental swabs every third day. the implementation was evaluated by analyzing the results of the activities. in a pre-saturation dive check ...201021226394
klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in spain: microbiological and clinical features.extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbl) of the ctx-m, shv, and tem families were recognized in 76 (67%), 31 (27%), and 6 (5%) isolates, respectively, among 162 esbl-producing klebsiella pneumoniae (esbl-kp) strains obtained in a multicenter study in spain. predisposing factors for esbl-kp acquisition included invasive procedures, mechanical ventilation, and previous antimicrobial use.201021191059
early diagnosis and therapeutic choice of klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess.nowadays, pyogenic liver abscess (pla) is still a common and severe intra-abdominal infection, and klebsiella pneumoniae had emerged as the most common pathogenic bacteria worldwide in the past ten years. our study aims to achieve an early pathogenic diagnosis and rational therapy modality for klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess (kla) through clinical data analysis. a total of 197 inpatients in zhongshan hospital, shanghai, diagnosed as having liver abscess between march 2001 and september 2009 ...201021191837
[prevalence of esbl-positive enterobacteriaceae in large moravian hospitals (czech republic)].bacterial infections have become an important issue in current medicine. recently, their frequency and severity have significantly increased as a result of the rising number of resistant bacteria. one of important mechanisms of resistance is production of broad-spectrum beta-lactamases, namely the esbl type. the study aimed at determining the frequency of esbl-positive enterobacteriaceae in three large hospitals in moravia, the eastern part of the czech republic.201021191872
plasmid-mediated carbapenem-hydrolysing β-lactamase kpc-2 in a klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from switzerland. 201021193473
genetic and phenotypic diversity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from sugarcane plants growing in pakistan.bacteria were isolated from roots of sugarcane varieties grown in the fields of punjab. they were identified by using api20e/ne bacterial identification kits and from sequences of 16s rrna and amplicons of the cpn60 gene. the majority of bacteria were found to belong to the genera of enterobacter, pseudomonas, and klebsiella, but members of genera azospirillum, rhizobium, rahnella, delftia, caulobacter, pannonibacter, xanthomonas, and stenotrophomonas were also found. the community, however, was ...201021193815
mutations in the gyrb, parc, and pare genes of quinolone-resistant isolates and mutants of edwardsiella tarda.the full length genes gyrb (2,415 bp), parc (2,277 bp), and pare (1,896 bp) in edwardsiella tarda were cloned by pcr with degenerate primers based on the sequence of the respective quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr), followed by elongation of 5' and 3' ends using cassette ligation-mediated pcr (clmp). analysis of the cloned genes revealed open reading frames (orfs) encoding proteins of 804 (gyrb), 758 (parc), and 631 (pare) amino acids with conserved gyrase/topoisomerase features and ...201021193831
effectiveness of a new decolonisation regimen for eradication of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae.gram-negative bacteria expressing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbl) have emerged worldwide. esbl colonisation can persist for years and may favour esbl transmission. interventions include contact isolation precautions and restriction of antibiotic use, but decolonisation (dc) for esbl is not established. we performed a prospective controlled open-label cohort-study from 1/2000 to 1/2008 to determine the effectiveness of a standardised dc programme. esbl-positive patients routinely underwent ...201021194789
[bacterial flora in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) in kunming, china].chinese recommendations for the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) include antibiotic treatments targeting the most frequently isolated pathogens according to the severity of copd. the study objective was to check the relevance of these recommendations in yunnan, a southern chinese province.201021195565
fever/clinical signs and association with neutropenia in solid cancer patients--bacterial infection as the main cause.neutropenia remains one of the serious side effects of chemotherapeutics drugs making cancer patients face serious risk of infections. fever and clinical signs are considered as important indicators. the objectives of this study were to assess fever and clinical signs with neutropenia onset and/ or severity in solid cancer cases, using culture tests to determine the type of bacteria predominating, whether gram positive or gram negative.201021198276
clostridium difficile colonization in early infancy is accompanied by changes in intestinal microbiota composition.clostridium difficile is a major enteric pathogen responsible for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. host susceptibility to c. difficile infections results partly from inability of the intestinal microbiota to resist c. difficile colonization. during early infancy, asymptomatic colonization by c. difficile is common and the intestinal microbiota shows low complexity. thus, we investigated the potential relationship between the microbiota composition and the implantation of c. difficile in infant gu ...201021177896
dioxygenases in burkholderia ambifaria and yersinia pestis that hydroxylate the outer kdo unit of lipopolysaccharide.several gram-negative pathogens, including yersinia pestis, burkholderia cepacia, and acinetobacter haemolyticus, synthesize an isosteric analog of 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (kdo), known as d-glycero-d-talo-oct-2-ulosonic acid (ko), in which the axial hydrogen atom at the kdo 3-position is replaced with oh. here we report a unique kdo 3-hydroxylase (kdoo) from burkholderia ambifaria and yersinia pestis, encoded by the bamb_0774 (bakdoo) and the y1812 (ypkdoo) genes, respectively. when ...201021178073
asymptomatic bacteriuria among hiv positive pregnant women.the prognostic significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria resides in the observation that the prevalence is, relatively, high in persons with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and pregnancy. this prevalence might, even, be higher in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. hence, this study set out to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among symptom free and newly enrolled hiv infected pregnant women attending pmtct unit of antiretroviral clinic o ...201021178431
comparing in vitro activity of tigecycline by using the disk diffusion test, the manual microdilution method, and the vitek 2 automated system.tigecycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic having activity against multiresistant isolates. in vitro susceptibility testing is difficult to perform with the use of traditional microbiological techniques. the aim of this study was to evaluate the disk diffusion test with three different mueller-hinton agar brands, and the vitek 2 automated system in comparison with the standard broth microdilution method against 200 gram-negative isolates (escherichia coil, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter clo ...201021180392
prevalence of bacteria and parasites in white ibis in egypt.a field survey was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of bacterial infections among free-living white ibis (nipponia nippon) in which 92 bacterial isolates were recovered from 193 different internal organs of 55 apparently healthy ibis. escherichia coli and salmonella spp. were isolated at rates of 43.6% and 14.5%, respectively. the other bacterial pathogens isolated were shigella spp. (34.5%), enterobacter spp. (21.8%) citrobacter spp. (18.1%), klebsiella pneumonia (16.3), staphylococcus aure ...201020857378
[carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae following foreign travel].this is the first report of 3 patients in whom carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae was identified in the netherlands following foreign travel. they were a 55-year-old man who had undergone chemotherapy for lung cancer metastases, a 66-year-old woman and a 30-year-old man. the first patient was transferred from a greek hospital; his isolate belonged to an epidemic clone (multilocus sequence type 258) with a kpc-2 carbapenemase gene. the patient died from pneumonia. the other two patient ...201020858323
in vivo antibacterial activity of nemonoxacin, a novel non-fluorinated quinolone.to evaluate the in vivo antibacterial efficacy of nemonoxacin, a novel c8-methoxy non-fluorinated quinolone in murine systemic and local infection models.201020858687
expansion of the known klebsiella pneumoniae species gene pool by characterization of novel alien dna islands integrated into tmrna gene sites.klebsiella pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen of man that is commonly associated with opportunistic and hospital-associated infections. increasing levels of multiple-antibiotic resistance associated with this species pose a major emerging clinical problem. this organism also occurs naturally in other diverse environments, including the soil. consistent with its varied lifestyle and membership of the enterobacteriaceae family, k. pneumoniae genomes exhibit highly plastic architecture c ...201021182879
proposal of protocols using d-glutamine to optimize the 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenly)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2h-tetrazolium hydroxide (xtt) assay for indirect estimation of microbial loads in biofilms of medical importance.due to technical problems, biofilm biomasses are difficult to be precisely determined. one reliable strategy is based on the colorimetry of formazan compounds derived from tetrazolium salt reduction. xtt presents some desirable properties that make the biofilm measurements easier. however, cells entrapped within the extracellular matrixes normally do not metabolize the tetrazolium equally, leading to underestimation of cell contents. this study evaluated the effectiveness of d-glutamine, a plero ...201021182880
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria causing neonatal sepsis in india in rural and urban settings.extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing gram-negative bacilli (gnb) are of increasing clinical concern in all age groups worldwide. whilst sepsis continues to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in indian neonates in the community, identification of microbiological attributes in this population is lacking. this population-based study enrolled 1738 infants with a diagnosis of clinical sepsis at four participating centres in india. each study site conducted bactec blood culture, ...201021183602
antimicrobial resistance among producers and non-producers of extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary isolates at a tertiary hospital in tanzania.abstract:201021184671
bactericidal oncocin derivatives with superior serum stabilities.the proline-rich antimicrobial peptide oncocin is remarkably active in vitro against a number of important gram-negative bacteria of concern to humans owing to their increasing resistance to antibiotics, i.e. enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae) and non-fermenting species (acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa). degradation of oncocin in mouse serum was investigated in this study. several approaches to stabilise the main cleavage site ...201021185160
n15: the linear phage-plasmid.the lambdoid phage n15 of escherichia coli is very unusual among temperate phages in that its prophage is not integrated into chromosome but is a linear plasmid molecule with covalently closed ends. upon infection the phage dna circularises via cohesive ends, then phage-encoded enzyme, protelomerase, cuts at an inverted repeat site and forms hairpin ends (telomeres) of the linear plasmid prophage. replication of the n15 prophage is initiated at an internally located ori site and proceeds bidirec ...201021185326
clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcome of gram-negative bacterial spinal epidural abscess in adults.gram-negative (g(-)) bacterial spinal epidural abscess (sea) in adults is uncommon. of the 42 adult patients with bacterial sea admitted to the chang gung memorial hospital - kaohsiung, between 2003 and 2007, 12 with g(-) sea were included in this study. of these 12 patients, seven were men and five were women; their ages ranged between 17 years and 81 years (median=72.5 years, mean=62.5 years). the patients were admitted at different stages of symptom onset (four were in the acute stage and fou ...201021185728
efficient production of ethanol from crude glycerol by a klebsiella pneumoniae mutant strain.a mutant strain of klebsiella pneumoniae, termed gem167, was obtained by γ irradiation, in which glycerol metabolism was dramatically affected on exposure to γ rays. levels of metabolites of the glycerol reductive pathway, 1,3-propanediol (1,3-pd) and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-hp), were decreased in the gem167 strain compared to a control strain, whereas the levels of metabolites derived from the oxidative pathway, 2,3-butanediol (2,3-bd), ethanol, lactate, and succinate, were increased. notabl ...201021186120
characterization and cloning of oxygen-tolerant hydrogenase from klebsiella oxytoca hp1.hydrogenase from a hot spring bacterium klebsiella oxytoca hp1 was purified and found to have a specific activity of 199.8 u/mg of protein and a yield of 7.3%. the purified enzyme was determined to consist of six subunits (65, 33, 28, 23, 21 and 18 kda), similar to hydrogenase-3 from escherichia coli, and therefore it was named hyd3. the enzyme displayed remarkable oxygen tolerance. for the purified enzyme, 50% maximal activity was maintained following incubation for 24 h in air at room temperat ...201021187144
medicinal plants used in wound care: a study of prosopis africana (fabaceae) stem bark.the effects of the methanol extract of the stem bark of prosopis africana (guill., perrott. and rich.) taubert (fabaceae) on bleeding/clotting and coagulation time, excision and dead space wounds were studied in rats. also, the extract was subjected to antibacterial, and acute toxicity and lethality (ld(50)) tests. the extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced bleeding/clotting and coagulation time in rats. it also reduced epithelialization period of excision wounds in rats and inhibited the growth ...201021188042
early dissemination of ndm-1- and oxa-181-producing enterobacteriaceae in indian hospitals: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program, 2006-2007.among 39 carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (2.7% overall; escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, and klebsiella pneumoniae strains) isolated in 2006 and 2007 in india, 15 strains carried bla(ndm-1) and 10 harbored a gene encoding a variant of the carbapenemase oxa-48, named bla(oxa-181). one e. cloacae strain harbored bla(vim-6), and one k. pneumoniae strain carrying bla(oxa-181) also possessed bla(vim-5). multiple pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and clonal dissemination within ...201021189345
comparative evaluation of bactericidal potential of four root canal filling materials against microflora of infected non-vital primary teeth.since complete debridement of the root canals of the primary teeth is not practically possible due to the highly variable root canal anatomy, success of the endodontic therapy depends partly on the use ofantibacterial irrigating agents and root canal filling materials. recent literature indicates that anaerobes comprise a majority of the bacteria in necrotic root canals ofprimary teeth. the study determined the antibacterial effectiveness of four root canal filling materials namely calcium hydro ...201021189760
persistence and spread of qnr, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and ampc resistance genes in the digestive tract of chickens.the aim of this assay was to develop an experimental model of digestive colonization of chickens with bacteria harboring qnr, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, or ampc genes. specific pathogen-free chickens were orally inoculated with two escherichia coli strains containing either the plasmid pmg252 bearing bla(fox) and qnra genes, or pmg298 bearing bla(ctx-m) and qnrb genes. analysis of strains isolated from fecal samples showed that the two strains were able to persist for several weeks in the ...201021190475
the non-conventional mhc class i mr1 molecule controls infection by klebsiella pneumoniae in mice.as opposed to the well established role of mhc-linked, polymorphic, class i (mhc-i) genes in adaptive immunity, a universal role for non-conventional mhc-i is unknown, thus requiring a case-by-case study. the mhc unlinked, monomorphic, but β₂microglobulin (β₂m)-associated "mhc class i related" mr1 molecule interacts with a semi-invariant tcr. the pathophysiology of this interaction or more importantly of this peculiar mhc-i remains mostly unknown. recently it was shown that β₂m deficient mice we ...201021190736
neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in south india: bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern.to identify the common bacterial pathogens associated with neonatal sepsis and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.201021165715
synthetic udp-furanoses as potent inhibitors of mycobacterial galactan biogenesis.udp-galactofuranose (udp-galf) is a substrate for two types of enzymes, udp-galactopyranose mutase and galactofuranosyltransferases, which are present in many pathogenic organisms but absent from mammals. in particular, these enzymes are involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall galactan, a polymer essential for the survival of the causative agent of tuberculosis, mycobacterium tuberculosis. we describe here the synthesis of derivatives of udp-galf modified at c-5 and c-6 using a chemoenzymatic ...201021168771
prognostic factors and outcomes in endogenous klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis.to determine risk factors for poor visual acuity outcomes in patients with endogenous klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis.201021168820
pharmacodynamic profiling of intravenous antibiotics against prevalent gram-negative organisms across the globe: the passport program-asia-pacific region.due to escalating antimicrobial resistance amongst gram-negative organisms, the choice of effective empirical antimicrobial regimens has become challenging. monte carlo simulations were conducted for conventional and prolonged infusion regimens of doripenem, imipenem and meropenem using pharmacokinetic data from adult patients with conserved renal function. minimum inhibitory concentration data against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii we ...201021168997
left ventricular assist device vegetation: "cure" without device explantation.infection following the implantation of a left ventricular assist device (lvad) is a life-threatening complication with mortality rates ranging from 15% to 44%. staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis are the most frequently identified pathogens and are responsible for 60% of lvad-related infections, local as well as systemic. in this report we describe the successful therapeutic management of a patient who received a heart mate ii as "bridging-to-recovery", which was complicated by ...201021169190
[risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in neonates and the changes of isolated pathogens.]objective: to study the risk factors for neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) and the changes of isolated pathogens in the last eight years. methods: the clinical data of 230 neonates who were admitted into the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and received mechanical ventilation for equal to or longer than 48 hrs in 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. the isolated pathogens were compared with those of eight years ago. results: the incidence of vap (25.2%) in the year 2008 was lower ...201021172126
first identified case of vim-producing carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae in the republic of ireland associated with fatal outcome. 201021172170
identification of ndm-1-producing enterobacteriaceae in norway. 201021172785
use of a dictyostelium model for isolation of genetic loci associated with phagocytosis and virulence in klebsiella pneumoniae.phagocytosis resistance is an important virulence factor in klebsiella pneumoniae. dictyostelium has been used to study the interaction between phagocytes and bacteria because of its similarity to mammalian macrophages. in this study, we used a dictyostelium model to investigate genes for resistance to phagocytosis in ntuh-k2044, a strain of k. pneumoniae causing pyogenic liver abscess that is highly resistant to phagocytosis. a total of 2,500 transposon mutants were screened by plaque assay, an ...201021173313
the nationwide study of bacterial pathogens associated with urinary tract infections conducted by the japanese society of chemotherapy.this study was conducted by the japanese society of chemotherapy and is the first nationwide study on bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with urinary tract infections at 28 hospitals throughout japan between january 2008 and june 2008. a total of 688 bacterial strains were isolated from adult patients with urinary tract infections. the strains investigated in this study are as follows: enterococcus faecalis (n = 140), escherichia coli (n = 255), klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 93), proteus mi ...201021174142
[rapid infection of bone and soft tissues of the upper extremity--case report].long duration of intravenous drug abuse brings the risk of infectious and surgical complications. the case report of the forearm soft tissue and bone infection followed by rapid progress of compartment syndrome is described. primary bone infection is unusual. it is necessary to think about it if the treatment of soft tissues comes short of the inflammation suppression. especially if an intravenous drug abuser is concerned. the case stresses the necessity of thinking of all the diagnostic possibi ...201021121159
susceptibility of klebsiella spp. to colistin and polymyxin b: results from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (2006-2009). 201021123034
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