Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| hepatitis e virus and the kidney in solid-organ transplant patients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is an emerging disease in industrialized countries. few data regarding genotype 3 hev extrahepatic manifestations exist. | 2012 | 22298032 |
| prevalence of antibodies and rna genome of hepatitis e virus in a cohort of french immunocompromised. | recently, cases of chronic hepatitis e have been identified in immunocompromised patients. | 2012 | 22293627 |
| systematic screening for novel, serologically reactive hepatitis e virus epitopes. | the national institutes of health classified hepatitis e as an emerging disease since hepatitis e virus (hev) is the major cause of acute hepatitis in developing countries. interestingly, an increasing number of sporadic cases of hev infections are described in industrialized countries as zoonosis from domestic livestock. despite the increasing relevance of this pathogen in clinical virology, commercial antibody assays are mainly based on fragments of hev open reading frame (orf) 2 and orf3. the ... | 2012 | 22269698 |
| hepatitis e virus in norway rats (rattus norvegicus) captured around a pig farm. | hepatitis e virus (hev) transmitted via the oral route through the consumption of contaminated water or uncooked or undercooked contaminated meat has been implicated in major outbreaks. rats may play a critical role in hev outbreaks, considering their negative effects on environmental hygiene and food sanitation. although the serological evidence of hev infection in wild rodents has been reported worldwide, the infectivity and propagation of hev in wild rats remain unknown. to investigate if rat ... | 2012 | 22217009 |
| enteric hepatitis viruses. | hepatitis viruses are infectious agents that can infect liver and cause inflammation. the infection triggers immune response against infected cells that leads to the destruction of hepatic cells. this destruction has two consequences: leaking alt and ast liver enzymes which increases during the course of disease and accumulation of bilirubin- a red pigmented compound released from dead red cells- which causes the yellow coloration of eyes and skin. these viruses transmit through diverse routes i ... | 2012 | 24834192 |
| [severe decompensation of hepatitis e in a patient with autoimmune hepatitis: a case report]. | we report the case of a patient who initially made the diagnosis of acute hepatitis e virus with a clinical picture of jaundice with elevated liver enzymes and hev igm (+), but chronic evolution (more than 6 months) without being an immunosuppressed patient, forced us to exclude different causes that may produce chronic liver disease. and hypergammaglobulinemia was detected in liver biopsy: interface hepatitis, mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of lymphocytes, and presence of porta ... | 2012 | 23023183 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence among adults, germany. | we assessed hepatitis e virus (hev) antibody seroprevalence in a sample of the adult population in germany. overall hev igg prevalence was 16.8% (95% ci 15.6%-17.9%) and increased with age, leveling off at >60 years of age. hev is endemic in germany, and the lifetime risk for exposure is high. | 2012 | 23018055 |
| icteric acute hepatitis e with no response of immunoglobulin m class anti-hepatitis e virus antibody. | a 68-year-old japanese man developed icteric acute hepatitis during periodic care after undergoing gastrectomy due to early gastric cancer. the routine serological markers for hepatitis a, b and c viruses were all negative. although the liver enzymes spontaneously recovered without any specific therapy, cholestasis was relatively prolonged and successfully treated with prednisolone. determination of serum hepatitis e virus (hev) rna revealed the transient infection of hev, and both immunoglobuli ... | 2012 | 23094855 |
| molecular analysis of hepatitis e virus from farm rabbits in inner mongolia, china and its successful propagation in a549 and plc/prf/5 cells. | rabbit hepatitis e virus (hev) strains have recently been isolated in several areas of china and in the us and france. however, the host range, distribution and zoonotic potential of these hev strains remain unknown and their propagation in cultured cells has not yet been reported. a total of 211 4-month-old rabbits raised on a farm in inner mongolia were tested for the presence of anti-hev antibodies and hev rna. overall, 121 rabbits (57.3%) tested positive for anti-hev antibodies, and 151 (71. ... | 2012 | 23041252 |
| chronic hepatitis e virus infection in a patient with leukemia and elevated transaminases: a case report. | acute hepatitis e virus infection may cause mild, self-limiting hepatitis, either as epidemic outbreaks or sporadic cases, the latter of which have been reported in industrialized countries. chronic infections are uncommon and have been reported in immunosuppressed patients, patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, and patients with hematological malignancies. | 2012 | 23031738 |
| hepatitis e seroprevalence in east and west flanders, belgium. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is increasingly recognized as a cause of hepatitis in developed countries. the goal of this study is to provide an estimate of the seroprevalence of hev in belgium, more precisely in east and west flanders, since data for this country are currently lacking. | 2012 | 23082702 |
| detection and phylogenetic characterization of hepatitis e virus genotype 3 in a captive wild boar in thailand. | hepatitis e virus (hev) was studied in different types of wild boar captive settings in thailand, including a wildlife breeding research station, zoo, and commercial wild boar farm, which were located in different locations of thailand. fifty-one fecal samples were collected and screened for hev rna and then analyzed. one sample obtained from a wildlife breeding research station in ratchaburi province was hev positive. phylogenetic characterization revealed that the virus was hev genotype 3 and ... | 2012 | 23082533 |
| estimating the burden of maternal and neonatal deaths associated with jaundice in bangladesh: possible role of hepatitis e infection. | we estimated the population-based incidence of maternal and neonatal mortality associated with hepatitis e virus (hev) in bangladesh. | 2012 | 23078501 |
| seroprevalence of fecal-oral transmitted hepatitis a and e virus antibodies in burkina faso. | hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) infections occur chiefly as a result of unhygienic conditions. the purpose of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of antibodies to both viruses in central burkina faso in the absence of a recorded hepatitis epidemic. serum samples from 178 blood donors (131 males and 47 females) and from 189 pregnant women were collected from november 2010 to march 2012, at blood banks and medical centers in burkina faso. an immunochromatography test wa ... | 2012 | 23110187 |
| phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus in northwest india. | genotyping and subtyping are important to understand epidemiology of the hepatitis e virus so as to improve control measures to prevent transmission of virus in the community. hence, the aim of the current study was to identify the prevalent hev genotypes in rajasthan in acute sporadic hepatitis e cases with varying degree of liver failure. we studied hepatitis e virus (hev) isolates from hospitalized patients in rajasthan, western india. in a total of seventeen hev sequences, six acute viral he ... | 2012 | 23150814 |
| hepatitis e virus in liver and bile samples from slaughtered pigs of brazil. | the objective of this study was to detect and identify hepatitis e virus (hev) strains in liver and bile samples from slaughtered pigs in the state of paraná, brazil. liver and bile samples were collected from 118 asymptomatic adult pigs at a slaughterhouse in a major brazilian pork production area. the samples were assayed using a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction protocol with primer sets targeting open reading frames (orf)1 and 2 of the hev genome. hev rna was detected in ... | 2012 | 23147152 |
| determination of the full-genome sequence of hepatitis e virus (hev) saas-fx17 and use as a reference to identify putative hev genotype 4 virulence determinants. | four major genotypes of hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, have so far been recognized. while genotypes 3 and 4 are both zoonotic, the disease symptoms caused by the latter tend to be more severe. to examine if specific nucleotide/amino acid variations between genotypes 3 and 4 play a role in determining the severity of hepatitis e disease, the complete genome of one swine hev genotype 4 isolate, saas-fx17, was determined and compared with other genotype 4 and genotype ... | 2012 | 23134633 |
| complete genome sequence of hepatitis e virus from rabbits in the united states. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a single-strand positive-sense rna virus in the family hepeviridae. the disease caused by hev, hepatitis e, is an important public health problem in developing countries of asia and africa and is also endemic in many industrialized countries, including the united states. hev has been identified from several other animal species in addition to humans, including the pig, chicken, mongoose, deer, rabbit, ferret, bat, and fish. here we report the complete genome sequence o ... | 2012 | 23118454 |
| acute risk for hepatitis e virus infection among hiv-1-positive pregnant women in central africa. | hepatitis e virus (hev), an enterically transmitted pathogen, is highly endemic in several african countries. pregnant women are at particularly high risk for acute or severe hepatitis e. in gabon, a central african country, the prevalence of antibodies to hev among pregnant women is 14.1%. recent studies have demonstrated unusual patterns of hepatitis e (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis) among immunodeficient patients. | 2012 | 23114258 |
| hepatitis e virus genotype 3 in shellfish, united kingdom. | 2012 | 23171845 | |
| hepatitis e virus outbreak in monkey facility, japan. | an outbreak of hepatitis e virus occurred in an outdoor monkey breeding facility in japan during 2004-2006. phylogenetic analysis indicated that this virus was genotype 3. this virus was experimentally transmitted to a cynomolgus monkey. precautions should be taken by facility personnel who work with monkeys to prevent infection. | 2012 | 23171579 |
| [clinical analysis of 134 cases of hev-related liver failure]. | to study the clinical features of hepatitis e virus-related liver failure. | 2012 | 23189851 |
| [analysis of genotype iv distribution of hepatitis e virus infections in wuhan by sequencing the open reading frame 3 gene]. | to determine the distribution of genotype iv among hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in wuhan by sequencing the open reading frame (orf) 3 gene of hev clinical isolates. | 2012 | 23207338 |
| [autochthonous hepatitis e: an emerging and still unrecognized disease]. | in developed countries, hev infection was still recently considered as rare, and as an imported disease from endemic areas by travellers. hepatitis e virus is now mainly recognized as an autochthonous disease in these countries. although the sources and the routes of contamination remain uncertain, several cases of foodborne (zoonotic transmission) and blood borne transmission have been recently reported. hev infection may evolve towards a chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients (mostly ... | 2012 | 23236856 |
| factors influencing occurrence of postpartum haemorrhage in pregnant women with hepatitis e infection and deranged coagulation profile. | coagulopathy is an important complication associated with hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in pregnant women. postpartum haemorrhage (pph) remains a serious risk while managing the labour of these women. the aim of this paper is to study the factors influencing the occurrence of pph in pregnant women with hepatitis e infection with coagulopathy. the labours of 38 pregnant women with hepatitis e and deranged coagulation profile were followed. factors that may predict postpartum bleeding complica ... | 2011 | 27579103 |
| 36 prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection among pregnant women in rajasthan. | 2011 | 25755367 | |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a and e viruses based on the third korea national health and nutrition survey in korea. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) in korea during 2005. | 2011 | 24159450 |
| detecting hepatitis e virus with a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | this study aimed to develop a specific and sensitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (rt-pcr-elisa) for detecting hepatitis e virus (hev). eight sets of primers and biotinylated probes designed in the orf2-orf3 overlapping region of hev were tested for sensitivity. the ability of nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rt-pcr-elisa to detect hev was compared. rt-pcr-elisa was 10-100 times more sensitive than nested rt- ... | 2011 | 23412763 |
| work-related health effects among wastewater treatment plants workers. | raw sewage contains various pathogenic organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungus, worms and protozoa. workers at wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) are exposed to these organisms as well as to h2s gas causing many health hazards. | 2011 | 23022842 |
| [hepatitis c viruses infection situation in the human population of six provinces in china]. | to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis c viruse infection in the human population in six regions of beijing, heilongjiang, shandong, ningxia, gansu and sichuan in china. | 2011 | 22734232 |
| [genetic analysis of echovirus 30 isolated from acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome cases in linyi city of shandong province, china]. | to investigate the pathogen spectrum constitution of hev related to acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome (ames) and to analyze the genetic characterization of the echovirus 30 (echo30) isolates. | 2011 | 22734221 |
| hepatitis e virus enters liver cells through receptor-dependent clathrin-mediated endocytosis. | we investigated the virus-host interaction for hepatitis e virus (hev) by performing competitive binding assays using in vitro assembled virus-like particles (vlps). we used escherichia coli expressed native capsid protein (porf2) and its mutants with an attached gly((5))-ala (linker) reporter [enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp)/firefly luciferase (fluc)]. transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking showed near uniform particles of approximately 30-35 nm in diameter for por ... | 2011 | 22571906 |
| acute pancreatitis in acute viral hepatitis. | the association of acute viral hepatitis and acute pancreatitis is well described. this study was conducted to find out the frequency of pancreatic involvement in acute viral hepatitis in the nepalese population. | 2011 | 22335088 |
| coinfection of hepatitis a virus genotype ia and iiia complicated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, prolonged cholestasis, and false-positive immunoglobulin m anti-hepatitis e virus: a case report. | a 37-year-old male presented with fever and jaundice was diagnosed as hepatitis a complicated with progressive cholestasis and severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia. he was treated with high-dose prednisolone (1.5 mg/kg), and eventually recovered. his initial serum contained genotype ia hepatitis a virus (hav), which was subsequently replaced by genotype iiia hav. moreover, at the time of development of hemolytic anemia, he became positive for immunoglobulin m (igm) anti-hepatitis e virus (hev). we ... | 2011 | 22310798 |
| author's reply: hepatitis e virus infection in iranian kidney-transplant patients. | 2011 | 22308160 | |
| hepatitis e virus infection in iranian kidney-transplant patients. | 2011 | 22308159 | |
| hev-capsid protein interacts with cytochrome p4502c8 and retinol-binding protein 4. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major causative agent of acute clinical hepatitis in adults throughout much of asia, the middle east, and africa. the lack of an efficient cell culture system for hev has greatly limited our understanding of the mechanisms of infection, replication, and pathogenicity of this virus. the yeast two-hybridization system is considered to be an efficient method for determining protein-protein interactions and screening interactive proteins associated with host cells. | 2011 | 22308156 |
| hepatitis e virus infection: more common than previously realized? | 2011 | 22298973 | |
| pleconaril revisited: clinical course of chronic enteroviral meningoencephalitis after treatment correlates with in vitro susceptibility. | human enteroviruses (hevs) can cause severe infections, especially in patients with a deficient humoral immune response, such as x-linked agammaglobulinemia. in this patient group, chronic enteroviral meningitis (cema) is feared because of extensive morbidity and high fatality rate. treatment options consist of intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig), with various outcomes. pleconaril is an antiviral agent with in vitro activity against hevs that has been used in the treatment of hev infections. | 2011 | 22293148 |
| immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of hepatitis e virus infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging pathogen and the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis all over the world. we describe here an immunohistochemical method for the detection of hev antigens (porf2 and porf3) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver tissues using monoclonal antibodies raised against two of the virus proteins (porf2 and porf3). we analysed their specificity and sensitivity in comparison with serology and nucleic acid detection in cases of acute liver failure (alf). we ... | 2011 | 22239516 |
| seroepidemiology and molecular characterization of hepatitis e virus in macaca mulatta from a village in yunnan, china, where infection with this virus is endemic. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a significant public health concern and has been identified as a zoonotic infection. | 2011 | 22235219 |
| hepatitis e: epidemiology and prevention. | hepatitis e is caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev), the major etiologic agent of enterically transmitted non-a hepatitis worldwide. hev is responsible for major outbreaks of acute hepatitis in developing countries, especially in many parts of africa and asia. the hev is a spherical, non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive sense rna virus that is approximately 32 nm to 34 nm in diameter and is the only member in the family hepeviridae and genus hepevirus. there are four distinct genotypes of h ... | 2011 | 22216368 |
| prevalence of anti-hev igm among blood donors in egypt. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a common cause of acute viral hepatitis (avh) in developing countries. in egypt; where up to 80% of the inhabitants of rural villages have anti-hev antibodies denoting past infection, most of these infections are asymptomatic with little evidence that the infection causes avh. there are accumulating reports which suggest potential risk of hev transmission by blood transfusion. however, detection of serological markers for hev infection or hev rna in egyptian blood bank ... | 2011 | 23082470 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus antibodies in pigs in northern italy. | the prevalence of the hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in pigs in northern italy was serologically examined. the survey was carried out on 39 farms: 17 farrow-to-feeder, 10 farrow-to-finish, and 12 fattening enterprises. there were 1,422 sera that were tested using commercial indirect elisa. this method originally developed for testing human sera was adapted for the analysis of pig sera. all farms except one (97.43%) and 714 sera samples (50.21%) resulted positive for anti-hev igg antibodies. t ... | 2011 | 22957120 |
| hepatitis e virus: an underdiagnosed cause of chronic hepatitis in renal transplant recipients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection can evolve to chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients leading to rapidly progressive cirrhosis. proper diagnosis is therefore important, as reducing immunosuppressive therapy can allow clearance of the virus. we report a case of chronic hev infection in a renal transplant recipient that went undiagnosed for many years, discuss the therapeutic options, and review the current available literature. | 2011 | 22093456 |
| Acute hepatitis E infection accounts for some cases of suspected drug-induced liver injury. | The diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury relies on exclusion of other causes, including viral hepatitis A, B, and C. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has been proposed as another cause of suspected drug-induced liver disease. We assessed the frequency of HEV infection among patients with drug-induced liver injury in the United States. | 2011 | 21855518 |
| [virological characteristics of hepatitis e virus]. | 2011 | 22096983 | |
| Hepatitis e virus in rats, los angeles, california, USA. | The role of rats in human hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections remains controversial. A genetically distinct HEV was recently isolated from rats in Germany, and its genome was sequenced. We have isolated a genetically similar HEV from urban rats in Los Angeles, California, USA, and characterized its ability to infect laboratory rats and nonhuman primates. Two strains of HEV were isolated from serum samples of 134 wild rats that had a seroprevalence of antibodies against HEV of ˜80%. Virus was tran ... | 2011 | 22172320 |
| hepatitis e virus orf2 protein activates the pro-apoptotic gene chop and anti-apoptotic heat shock proteins. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a non-enveloped plus-strand rna virus that causes acute hepatitis. the capsid protein open reading frame 2 (orf2) is known to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in orf2 expressing cells. | 2011 | 21966512 |
| adaptation of genotype 3 hepatitis e virus in eastern china and inverse correlation with genotype 4 hepatitis e virus. | we studied the distribution and development of hepatitis e virus (hev) genotypes 3 and 4 in pig farms located within the shanghai metropolitan area. a total of 1,487 swine fecal samples were collected from 39 pig farms during 2009-2010. the average incidence rates for genotype 3 and genotype 4 hev were 10.6 and 9.3%, respectively. the frequencies of genotype 3 and genotype 4 hev among the farms were inversely related (r = -0.7423), suggesting that the two genotypes competed within the environmen ... | 2011 | 22156659 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e among iranian renal transplant recipients. | renal transplant recipients are known to be susceptible to viral infections, with more severe clinical presentations compared to healthy persons. hepatitis e is generally a self-limited disease, which is caused by hepatitis e virus. recently, hepatitis e has become more important in organ transplant recipients, because of new findings regarding the potential for chronic infections in this patient group. | 2011 | 22140389 |
| optimisation of a triplex real time rt-pcr for detection of hepatitis e virus rna and validation on biological samples. | the aim of this study was to optimise a two-tube reverse transcription triplex quantitative real time pcr (qrt-pcr) combining amplification of two loci with an internal amplification control (iac) for detection and quantitation of hepatitis e virus (hev) rna and to validate its performance on a pool of biological samples. optimisation was performed on serially diluted "home-made" rna standards. the limit of detection was determined experimentally as 10copies/μl of the rna standard for both ampli ... | 2011 | 22207081 |
| enteric viruses in new zealand drinking-water sources. | this study determined whether human pathogenic viruses are present in two new zealand surface waters that are used as drinking-water sources. enteric viruses were concentrated using hollow-fibre ultrafiltration and detected using pcr for adenovirus (adv), and reverse transcription pcr for norovirus (nov) genogroups i-iii, enterovirus, rotavirus (rov) and hepatitis e virus (hev). target viruses were detected in 106/109 (97%) samples, with 67/109 (61%) samples positive for three or more viral type ... | 2011 | 21866776 |
| Rapid virological diagnosis of central nervous system infections by use of a multiplex reverse transcription-PCR DNA microarray. | Viruses are the main etiological cause of central nervous system (CNS) infections. A rapid molecular diagnosis is recommended to improve the therapeutic management of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of a DNA microarray, the Clart Entherpex kit (Genomica, Coslada, Spain), allowing the rapid and simultaneous detection of 9 DNA and RNA neurotropic viruses: herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus ... | 2011 | 21918017 |
| Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E: Is screening warranted? | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging infectious threat to blood safety. In recent years, there have been a number of publications delineating this threat by providing evidence of the transmissibility of this virus through transfusions. The extent of transmission and its clinical relevance are issues under debate at present. HEV usually causes a self-limiting illness which subsides in a few weeks barring a few cases where fulminant hepatic failure occurs. The virus poses a risk of higher morbid ... | 2011 | 22120793 |
| A naturally-occurring human/hepatitis E recombinant virus predominates in serum but not in feces of a chronic hepatitis E patient and has a growth advantage in cell culture. | Summary. Hepatitis E virus is the etiological agent of acute hepatitis E, a self-limiting disease prevalent in developing countries. Molecular analysis of viral genomic RNA from a chronically-infected patient confirmed the recent discovery that chronic infection correlated with extensive diversification of the virus quasispecies: the hypervariable region of some virus genomes in this USA patient contained large continuous deletions and a minor portion of genomes in feces and serum had acquired a ... | 2011 | 22113007 |
| Hepatitis E: are psychiatric patients on special risk? | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is largely confined to travelers returning from endemic areas, but the number of autochthonous cases of acute HEV infections in developed countries is increasing. Reservoirs for HEV are surface water, wild boar meat, and raw or undercooked pork meat. Usually, hepatitis E is a self-limiting disease presenting with acute hepatitis as a major clinical symptom. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV-IgG was investigated in 833 serum samples routinely collected from patients admitted ... | 2011 | 22006172 |
| restricted enzooticity of hepatitis e virus genotypes 1 to 4 in the united states. | hepatitis e is recognized as a zoonosis, and swine are known reservoirs, but how broadly enzootic its causative agent, hepatitis e virus (hev), is remains controversial. to determine the prevalence of hev infection in animals, a serological assay with capability to detect anti-hev-antibody across a wide variety of animal species was devised. recombinant antigens comprising truncated capsid proteins generated from hev-subgenomic constructs that represent all four viral genotypes were used to capt ... | 2011 | 21998412 |
| fatal course of an autochthonous hepatitis e virus infection in a patient with leukemia in germany. | an acute infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 subtype c was diagnosed in a patient with chronic lymphatic b-cell leukemia 6 weeks after the infusion of donor lymphocytes. despite intensive care the patient died 39 days after admission due to pericardial effusion that was related to acute liver failure. we suggest that diagnostic procedures for detection of hev infection should be seriously considered for the immunocompromised patient with elevated liver enzymes in the absence of a t ... | 2011 | 22086667 |
| [Molecular typing of enteroviruses from healthy children in the border areas of Yunnan Province and Myanmar and the genetic characteristics of ECHO7 and ECHO13 in 2009]. | To explore the enteroviruses surveillance among healthy children under 15 years old in the border areas of Yunnan Province and Myanmar in 2009. The stool samples were collected from the healthy children under 15 years old who came from the border areas of Myanmar and Yunnan Province, virus isolation and sequencing were conducted for all the 271 samples. 6 strains of polioviruses (PVs) were detected from 271 stools with an isolation rate of 2.8%, which belonged to vaccine strains and 24 non-polio ... | 2011 | 21874903 |
| hepatitis e: an emerging infectious disease in germany? | increased frequencies of hev infections have been reported in several industrialized countries. we suggest that this finding might be explained by a better awareness of the disease and not by an increased incidence. although reported hev infections increased more than 6-fold in germany in recent years, the seroprevalence remained unchanged (2 %). | 2011 | 21887661 |
| identifying hendra virus diversity in pteropid bats. | hendra virus (hev) causes a zoonotic disease with high mortality that is transmitted to humans from bats of the genus pteropus (flying foxes) via an intermediary equine host. factors promoting spillover from bats to horses are uncertain at this time, but plausibly encompass host and/or agent and/or environmental factors. there is a lack of hev sequence information derived from the natural bat host, as previously sequences have only been obtained from horses or humans following spillover events. ... | 2011 | 21980413 |
| Seroprevalence of subclinical HEV infection in asymptomatic, apparently healthy, pregnant women in Dakahlya Governorate, Egypt. | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major public health problem in the developing countries. HEV infection in pregnant women is more common and fatal in the third trimester. The present study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of subclinical HEV infection in asymptomatic pregnant women. | 2011 | 21897591 |
| Molecular detection and sequence analysis of hepatitis E virus in patients with viral hepatitis from North India. | Viral hepatitis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for both sporadic and epidemic outbreaks of viral hepatitis in India. Here a total of 843 samples were collected: 685 from patients with acute viral hepatitis (AVH), 70 from patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), 53 from patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), 11 from patients with antituberculosis therapy (ATT)-induced jaundice, and 24 from pregnant women. When ... | 2011 | 21868185 |
| Epidemiology of Hepatitis E Virus in Indoor-Captive Cynomolgus Monkey Colony. | A serological survey of hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibody was conducted using 202 adult captive cynomolgus monkeys, who did not show any clinical signs of acute hepatitis. Out of these, 44 monkeys were sero-positive for anti-HEV IgG and all monkeys were negative for anti-HEV IgM. All positive monkeys came from either Vietnam or China, but none from the Philippines, Indonesia, or our facility. Selected 12 monkeys out of positive monkeys from Vietnum, including 9 positive and 3 negative, revealed m ... | 2011 | 21997233 |
| structure of hepatitis e viral particle. | hepatitis e is acute hepatitis caused by infection of hepatitis e virus (hev) via a fecal-to-oral or zoonotic route. hev is a small, non-enveloped virus containing positive strand rna as a genome. recently, the three-dimensional structures of the hev-like particles and spike domain protruded from the surface of the particle expressed by recombinant baculovirus or bacteria have been revealed. based on these reports, the structural features of the hev capsid subunit and viral particle are reviewed ... | 2011 | 21440590 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in developed countries. | hepatitis e was considered to be endemic infectious disease in developing countries in tropical or subtropical regions with poor sanitary conditions. large, previously reported outbreaks were mainly due to contaminated water or heavy flooding. prototype hepatitis e viruses of genotypes i and ii were obtained from such endemic cases. in developed countries, in contrast, hepatitis e was rare and diagnosed only in travelers or imported cases. however, the development of accurate diagnostic tests, m ... | 2011 | 21443914 |
| three amino acid mutations (f51l, t59a, and s390l) in the capsid protein of the hepatitis e virus collectively contribute to virus attenuation. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important but extremely understudied human pathogen, and the mechanisms of hev replication and pathogenesis are largely unknown. we previously identified an attenuated genotype 3 hev mutant (pshev-1) containing three unique amino acid mutations (f51l, t59a, and s390l) in the capsid protein. to determine the role of each of these mutations, we constructed three hev single mutants (rf51l, rt59a, and rs390l) which were all found to be replication competent in huh7 live ... | 2011 | 21450834 |
| clinical characteristics and risk factors of sporadic hepatitis e in central china. | epidemiological investigations, detections and vaccines of hepatitis e (he) have been paid a focus of attention in prior studies, while studies on clinical features and risk factors with a large number of sporadic he patients are scarce. | 2011 | 21453549 |
| a novel member of the family hepeviridae from cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii). | beginning in 1988, the chinook salmon embryo (chse-214) cell line was used to isolate a novel virus from spawning adult trout in the state of california, usa. termed the cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii) virus (ctv), the small, round virus was not associated with disease, but was subsequently found to be present in an increasing number of trout populations in the western usa, likely by a combination of improved surveillance activities and the shipment of infected eggs to new locations. here ... | 2011 | 21458509 |
| clinical presentation of hepatitis e. | hepatitis e is a form of acute hepatitis, which is caused by infection with hepatitis e virus. the infection is transmitted primarily through fecal-oral route and the disease is highly endemic in several developing countries with opportunities for contamination of drinking water. in these areas with high endemicity, it occurs as outbreaks and as sporadic cases of acute hepatitis. the illness often resembles that associated with other hepatotropic viruses and is usually self-limiting; in some cas ... | 2011 | 21458513 |
| [chronic hepatitis e.] | the hepatitis e virus is an rna virus with 4 genotypes. genotypes 1 and 2 only affect humans and produce epidemic acute hepatitis in endemic regions (asia and africa). genotypes 3 and 4 are considered a zoonosis and produce episodic acute hepatitis in non-endemic areas (america and europe). however, in the last 3years there have been cases of chronic hev hepatitis, mainly in immunosuppressed patients. here we review the known data of chronic hepatitis e in terms of evolution and treatment. | 2011 | 21458830 |
| hepatitis e virus infections in swine and swine handlers in vellore, southern india. | hepatitis e virus (hev) in industrialized countries is zoonotically transmitted, and swine act as a major reservoir of hev. serum samples from 102 swine and plasma from 34 swine handlers in vellore, india were tested by using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to detect and genotype hev. we measured levels of igg against hev in swine handlers and in age and geographically matched controls from rural and urban populations in vellore. hev was amplified from two pigs and both viruses ... | 2011 | 21460025 |
| detection and molecular characterization of sporadic cases of acute human hepatitis e virus infection in uruguay. | in developing countries, hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a public-health concern because it causes epidemics and waterborne outbreaks. in south america, few hev strains have been characterized at the molecular level. we report the detection and molecular analysis of the first set of sporadic cases of autochthonous human genotype 3 hev infection in uruguay. | 2011 | 21465084 |
| both swine and human cells are capable to support the replication of swine hepatitis e virus type 4 in vitro. | using swine anal swab or liver as inocula, cell-culture systems were developed for swine hepatitis e virus (hev) in swine cells (ibrs-2) and human cells (a549). both positive and negative strand of swine hev rna were detected continuously. cytopathic effect appeared from passage 8 in ibrs-2 and passage 22 in a549. viral antigen was detected by indirect immunofluorescent assay in infected cells. progenies harbored mutations in the third nucleotide of codon. amino acid changes occurred in passage ... | 2011 | 21470567 |
| hepatitis e virus in italy: molecular analysis of travel-related and autochthonous cases. | human hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. the aim of the present study was to contribute to the body of knowledge available on the molecular epidemiology of acute hepatitis e in italy. three sets of hev-specific primers targeting the orf1 and orf2 were used to examine serum samples collected from acute hepatitis patients positive for anti-hev igg and/or igm, between 2007 and 2010. seventeen patients (39.5%) tested hev rna-positive: 12 infection ... | 2011 | 21471314 |
| a nationwide survey of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in wild boars in japan: identification of boar hev strains of genotypes 3 and 4 and unrecognized genotypes. | to investigate the nationwide prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection and to characterize hev genomes among japanese wild boars (sus scrofa leucomystax), 578 boars captured in 25 prefectures from 2003 to 2010 were studied. anti-hev igg was detected in 8.1%, and hev rna in 3.3% of boars. among the 19 boar hev isolates obtained from infected boars, 14 isolates (74%) were classified as genotype 3, 4 isolates (21%) as genotype 4, and the remaining isolate (wbjoy_06) was distantly related to ... | 2011 | 21475985 |
| hepatitis e virus orf2 protein over-expressed by baculovirus in hepatoma cells, efficiently encapsidates and transmits the viral rna to naïve cells. | abstract: a recombinant baculovirus(vbacorf2) that expressed the full-length orf2 capsid protein of a genotype 1 strain of hepatitis e virus(hev) was constructed. transduction of s10-3 human hepatoma cells with this baculovirus led to large amounts of orf2 protein production in ~50% of the cells as determined by immune fluorescence microscopy. the majority of the orf2 protein detected by western blot was 72 kda, the size expected for the full-length protein. to determine if the exogenously-suppl ... | 2011 | 21477278 |
| clinical and epidemiological aspects of a hepatitis e outbreak in bangui, central african republic. | abstract: | 2011 | 21492477 |
| a sporadic case of genotype 3f acute hepatitis e in mayotte. | 2011 | 21493025 | |
| microbiological safety of porcine islets: comparison with source pig. | pig islet donors intended for clinical xenotransplantation for the treatment of diabetes must meet stringent conditions. among others, viruses with the potential to cross the species barrier should be excluded from the herd: this list includes encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv), hepatitis e virus (hev), porcine cytomegalovirus (pcmv) and porcine γ-lymphotropic herpesvirus (plhv). as an islet product is isolated from the pancreas and then subjected to culture before implantation, the question is r ... | 2011 | 21496116 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in hiv-infected patients with elevated serum transaminases levels. | abstract: increases in aminotransferases levels are frequently encountered in hiv-positive patients and often remain unexplained. the role in this setting and natural history of hepatitis e in hiv-infected patients are unknown. the aim of the study was to assess hev infection in hiv-infected patients attending a parisian hospital, with a current or previous cryptogenic hepatitis.191 plasma samples collected from 108 hiv-infected patients with elevated aminotransferases levels were retrospectivel ... | 2011 | 21496215 |
| modes of paramyxovirus fusion: a henipavirus perspective. | henipavirus is a new genus of paramyxoviridae that uses protein-based receptors (ephrinb2 and ephrinb3) for virus entry. paramyxovirus entry requires the coordinated action of the fusion (f) and attachment viral envelope glycoproteins. receptor binding to the attachment protein triggers f to undergo a conformational cascade that results in membrane fusion. the accumulation of structural and functional studies on many paramyxoviral fusion and attachment proteins, including the recent elucidation ... | 2011 | 21511478 |
| sustained virologic response with ribavirin in chronic hepatitis e virus infection in heart transplantation. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging problem amongst transplant recipients. we report a patient with chronic hev hepatitis after a heart transplant. the patient received a 3-month course of oral ribavirin (17 mg/kg/day). hev rna became undetectable in the serum after 1 month of treatment and remained undetectable in serum and stool samples until the last follow-up, 2 months after completion of ribavirin therapy. the values of liver function indicators returned to normal reference ranges. the m ... | 2011 | 21515077 |
| ammonia disinfection of hatchery waste for elimination of single-stranded rna viruses. | hatchery waste, an animal by-product of the poultry industry, needs sanitation treatment before further use as fertiliser or as substrate in biogas or composting plants, owing to the potential presence of opportunistic pathogens, including zoonotic viruses. effective sanitation is also important in viral epizootic outbreaks and as a routine, ensuring high hygiene standards on farms. this study examined the use of ammonia at different concentrations and temperatures to disinfect hatchery waste. i ... | 2011 | 21515734 |
| detection and phylogenetic characterization of human hepatitis e virus strains, czech republic. | to determine the origin of hepatitis e virus in the czech republic, we analyzed patient clinical samples. five isolates of genotypes 3e, 3f, and 3g were obtained. their genetic relatedness with czech strains from domestic pigs and wild boars and patient recollections suggest an autochthonous source likely linked to consumption of contaminated pork. | 2011 | 21529412 |
| prior infection of pigs with a genotype 3 swine hepatitis e virus (hev) protects against subsequent challenges with homologous and heterologous genotypes 3 and 4 human hev. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important human pathogen. at least four recognized and two putative genotypes of mammalian hev have been reported: genotypes 1 and 2 are restricted to humans whereas genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic. the current experimental vaccines are all based on a single strain of hev, even though multiple genotypes of hev are co-circulating in some countries and thus an individual may be exposed to more than one genotype. genotypes 3 and 4 swine hev is widespread in pigs and kno ... | 2011 | 21536085 |
| design and evaluation of a recombinant multi-epitope-based elisa for the serological surveillance of hev infection in northern china. | in this study, seven recombinant epitope peptides from within the orf2 protein of the local genotype 4 swine hepatitis e virus (hev) dq strain were designed and analyzed. then, a new multi-epitope-based elisa was established. in comparison with a commercial kit, this test exhibited good specificity and sensitivity for anti-hev genotype 4. subsequently, this test was applied for analyzing serum samples from either swine herds or human populations in northern china. the overall seroprevalence rate ... | 2011 | 21544544 |
| severe hepatotoxicity and probable hepatorenal syndrome associated with sulfadiazine. | purpose the case of a patient who developed hepatorenal syndrome during treatment with sulfadiazine for toxoplasmosis retinitis is reported. summary a 20-year-old caucasian woman weighing 59 kg was admitted to the infectious diseases ward of a hospital in may 2009 with nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. in march 2009, she was diagnosed with toxoplasmosis retinitis and received sulfadiazine 3 g daily, pyrimethamine 50 mg daily, leucovorin 15 mg daily, and prednisolone 75 mg daily; she continued thes ... | 2011 | 21546639 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in macaca mulatta. | 2011 | 22224088 | |
| cross-species infections of cultured cells by hepatitis e virus and discovery of an infectious virus-host recombinant. | the rna virus, hepatitis e virus (hev) is the most or second-most important cause of acute clinical hepatitis in adults throughout much of asia, the middle east, and africa. in these regions it is an important cause of acute liver failure, especially in pregnant women who have a mortality rate of 20-30%. until recently, hepatitis e was rarely identified in industrialized countries, but hepatitis e now is reported increasingly throughout western europe, some eastern european countries, and japan. ... | 2011 | 21262830 |
| ephrin-b2 and ephrin-b3 as functional henipavirus receptors. | members of the ephrin cell-surface protein family interact with the eph receptors, the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases, mediating bi-directional signaling during tumorogenesis and various developmental events. surprisingly, ephrin-b2 and -b3 were recently identified as entry receptors for henipaviruses, emerging zoonotic paramyxoviruses responsible for repeated outbreaks in humans and animals in australia, southeast asia, india and bangladesh. nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev) ... | 2011 | 22227101 |
| hepatitis e in three immunocompromized children in southeastern france. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes an emerging autochthonous disease in developed countries where links with a viral porcine reservoir have been evidenced. moreover, chronic hev infection and associated-cirrhosis have been described in severely immunocompromized patients. nonetheless, only few studies have focused on pediatric hev infections worldwide and only four autochthonous cases have been reported in children in developed countries. we describe here acute hepatitis e in three immunocompromized ... | 2011 | 22177988 |
| [Role of hepatitis A and E viruses in the development of autoimmune diseases]. | The mechanisms of development of autoimmune diseases may be associated with a complex of genetic, immune, hormonal, and infectious factors. Autoimmune diseases include a wide range of systemic and organ-specific diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). It is currently assumed that the pathogenesis of AIH is due to compromised immune regulation in the presence of an exogenous triggering factor. Exogenous factors, such as viruses, may be triggers of AIH. There may be different ways of initi ... | 2011 | 21899066 |
| genotype 3 diversity and quantification of hepatitis e virus rna. | genotype 3 hepatitis e viruses (hev) are distributed across the world and are now considered to be an emerging public health concern in industrialized countries. at least 10 genotype 3 subtypes have been identified in humans and animals worldwide. it was recently reported that the sensitivities of hev rna assays differ greatly. we have assessed the influence of genotype 3 diversity on the performance of two hev rna assays: one targeting the orf3 gene and the other targeting the orf2 gene. we tes ... | 2011 | 22205792 |
| Treatment of chronic hepatitis E in a patient with HIV infection. | BACKGROUND: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in immunosuppressed patients can result in chronic hepatitis that rapidly progresses to cirrhosis (1, 2). When immunosuppressed transplant recipients are treated with pegylated -interferon and ribavirin, HEV clears and liver histology improves (2). However, we are not aware of reports about how this therapy works in patients with HIV infection. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and laboratory response to antiviral therapy for chronic HEV infection ... | 2011 | 21969351 |
| Identification of genotype 4 Hepatitis E virus binding proteins on swine liver cells. | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animal were reported as reservoirs. Swine stands out as the major reservoir for HEV infection in humans, as suggested by the close genetic relationship of swine and human virus and cross-species infection of HEV. Up to now, the mechanism of cross-species infection of HEV from swine to humans is still unclear. This study sought to identify receptor element for genotype 4 HEV on swine liver cells using the viral overlay pro ... | 2011 | 22029540 |
| Close similarity between sequences of hepatitis E virus recovered from humans and swine, France, 2008-2009. | Frequent zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been suspected, but data supporting the animal origin of autochthonous cases are still sparse. We assessed the genetic identity of HEV strains found in humans and swine during an 18-month period in France. HEV sequences identified in patients with autochthonous hepatitis E infection (n = 106) were compared with sequences amplified from swine livers collected in slaughterhouses (n = 43). Phylogenetic analysis showed the same proportion ... | 2011 | 22099089 |
| chronic hepatitis e infection in children with liver transplantation. | objectivechronic hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has been described in immunosuppressed adult patients. a study was undertaken to establish the presence of hev infection in children after orthotopic liver transplantation (olt).methodschildren undergoing liver transplantation between 1992 and 2010 with available serum were classified into two groups: group 1 (control group, n=66) with normal serum aminotransferases and group 2 (n=14) with persistently increased serum aminotransferases and histo ... | 2011 | 22115826 |
| suppression of alpha interferon signaling by hepatitis e virus. | the interferon (ifn) system is integral to the host response against viruses to which many viruses have developed strategies to overcome its antiviral effects. the effects of hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, on ifn signaling have not been investigated primarily because of the non-availability of an efficient in vitro culture system or small animal models of infection. herein, we report the generation of a549 cell lines persistently infected with genotype 3 hev, design ... | 2011 | 22183878 |