Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| recombinant cholera toxin b subunit in escherichia coli: high-level secretion, purification, and characterization. | the gene coding for cholera toxin subunit b (ct-b) was fused to a modified ompa signal sequence and subsequently cloned into a high expression vector based on the regulatory signals of the arabinose operon of salmonella typhimurium. upon induction of gene expression in escherichia coli, a product of the expected size for ct-b monomer was detected at a level of approximately 60% of total periplasmic protein. at pilot scale, batch cultivation in a 20-liter bioreactor allowed a production level of ... | 1994 | 7827509 |
| [seroepidemiological survey of el tor cholera in an endemic region of algeria]. | between the 26th of april and the 8th of july 1987 a seroepidemiological survey was conducted in the district of chlef located in an endemic cholera area of algeria. the purpose of this work was to evaluate the seroprevalence of vibriocidal antibodies and to study some epidemiological characteristics of cholera. this survey concerns the representative samples of patients and asymptomatic carriers such as they were declared during the epidemic periods of 1982 and 1986 and a sample of contacts of ... | 1994 | 7827512 |
| binding of serum autoantibodies to sialidase-treated tracheal epithelial cells. determination of autoantibodies isotypes in normal and influenza virus infected guinea pig sera. | cultured epithelial cells isolated from guinea pig trachea were treated with vibrio cholerae sialidase. the treatment was not cytotoxic and resulted in membrane desialylation as assessed by measurement of sialic acids released, along with an increased fixation of the galactose-specific lectin peanut agglutinin. after incubation in serum from normal guinea pigs, membrane-bound immunoglobulins were detected using peroxidase-labelled antibodies. sialidase-treated cells bound significantly more igm ... | 1994 | 7829132 |
| epidemic of vibrio cholerae 0139 in calcutta. | as one of large outbreaks of cholera-like illness in the indian subcontinent, calcutta and its neighbouring areas experienced an unprecedented epidemic due to a new strain of v. cholerae non-01, designated as v. cholerae 0139 bengal, since january 1993. this epidemic predominantly affected the adult population of calcutta as evidenced by the hospitalization of more adults at the infectious disease hospital, calcutta (idh), which bore the main brunt of the epidemic in and around calcutta. during ... | 1994 | 7829152 |
| outbreak of cholera due to vibrio cholerae 01 in orissa state. | during may-june 1993, an outbreak of acute diarrhoea resulting in deaths primarily in adults was reported in two districts of orissa state. epidemiological and microbiological investigations revealed that this outbreak was caused by v. cholerae 01 biotype eitor. v. cholerae 01 strains were uniformly resistant to furazolidone. | 1994 | 7829153 |
| evaluation of potency of inactivated cholera vaccine by mouse protection assay & antibody induction method. | twenty one batches of whole cell inactivated cholera vaccine manufactured at central research institute, kasauli were evaluated for potency by mouse protection assay (mpa) and antibody induction method. in the antibody induction method the sera of immunized mice were screened for the presence of antibodies against vibrio cholerae by microagglutination (ma) test and igg elisa. the number of organisms estimated by mpa were correlated with agglutinating and neutralizing antibodies against individua ... | 1994 | 7829163 |
| [bacterial adherence and infections in the human intestines: histological and bacteriological basis for oral vaccine development]. | 1994 | 7830311 | |
| transcriptional control of toxt, a regulatory gene in the toxr regulon of vibrio cholerae. | co-ordinate expression of many virulence genes in vibrio cholerae is under the control of the toxr and toxt proteins. these proteins function in a regulatory cascade in which toxr is required to activate toxt, and toxt activates virulence genes. the precise mechanism for toxr activation of toxt is unknown, but data presented in this report suggest a direct involvement of toxr. primer extension and gene fusion analyses identified a toxr-regulated promoter directly upstream of toxt, immediately fo ... | 1994 | 7830555 |
| recombinant microbial adp-ribosylating toxins of bordetella pertussis, vibrio cholerae, and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli: structure, function, and toxoid vaccine development. | 1994 | 7764758 | |
| live bacterial vaccines: environmental aspects. | recombinant dna technology has greatly accelerated the development of live attenuated bacterial vaccines for cholera, typhoid, and shigellosis. significant attenuation has been achieved by deleting genes for various virulence determinants, biosynthetic genes, and regulatory genes. as these vaccine candidates move from closed-ward clinical studies to outpatient and field trials, a variety of concerns needs to be addressed about the safety of these vaccines, not only for the vaccinee, but also for ... | 1994 | 7765009 |
| vibrio cholerae o1 vibriocidal and anti-cholera toxin antibodies in o139 bengal cholera patients. | 1994 | 7806891 | |
| vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal in hong kong. | 1994 | 7811886 | |
| epidemiology and spectrum of vibrio diarrheas in the lower cross river basin of nigeria. | in 1991 a cholera epidemic occurred in nigeria. the features of this cholera outbreak in a single hospital in cross river, nigeria, were examined. microbiologic techniques included the use of thiosulphate citrate bile-salts sucrose (tcbs) medium for culture of all stool specimens. vibrio isolates from diarrheic patients included v. cholerae-o1 (75), v. cholerae non-o1 (10) and v. parahaemolyticus (21). the illnesses were diverse, ranging from mild to severe, and in most instances requiring hospi ... | 1994 | 7812244 |
| cholera epidemic in goa. | two hundred and fifty stool samples were studied during an outbreak of cholera in goa during the months of july to september, 1988. 80 strains of vibrio were isolated with an isolation rate of 32%. 72.5% of those affected were adults. all strains of vibrio cholerae isolated belonged to eltor biotype, fifty three (66.25%) of them being ogawa serotype while 21 (26.25%) were inaba. nag vibrios accounted for 6 (7.5%) strains. antimicrobial sensitivity pattern showed high degree of sensitivity to chl ... | 1994 | 7814060 |
| vibrio cholerae o139 bengal. | 1994 | 7814463 | |
| morphologic evaluation of the pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections. | current advances in the understanding of the pathogenicity of the agents of diarrheal infections, vibrio cholerae, diarrheagenic e. coli, shigella, salmonella, and enteropathogenic yersinia, have, to a great extent, become possible due to morphological studies of host-pathogen interactions in natural and experimental infections. despite a multigenic nature and a diversity of pathogenic features in the bacterial species and even in serogroups of the same species, it is now possible to delineate f ... | 1994 | 7802956 |
| septicemia due to non-o:1 vibrio cholerae in a patient with aids. | 1994 | 7803670 | |
| identification and characterization of the sda beta 1,4,n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from pig large intestine. | the high occurrence in large intestine epithelial cells from pig of a beta-n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase with a substrate specificity very similar to that of the sda beta 1,4-n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from other tissues is reported. the enzyme strictly recognized the neuac alpha 2,3gal beta terminal sequence of n- and o-linked oligosaccharides bound to glycoproteins. the transferase activity required mn2+ and an optimum ph of 7.4. in contrast to the kidney sda-enzyme from humans and ... | 1994 | 7804011 |
| an improved method for the measurement of total lipid-bound sialic acids after cleavage of alpha 2,8 sialic acid linkage with vibrio cholerae sialidase in the presence of cholic acid, sds and ca2+. | in the measurement of total lipid-bound sialic acids involving periodic acid oxidation, as in the periodate-resorcinol assay, the inner sialic acids of disialoglycolipids (such as gd3 and gd2) are not involved because their alpha 2,8 ketosidic linkages are resistant to periodic acid oxidation, even after acid/enzyme hydrolysis or alkali pretreatment. however, the sialic acids from these glycolipids can be recovered completely after cleavage of alpha 2,8 linkages by v. cholerae sialidase in the p ... | 1994 | 7804012 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae septicaemia: a case report. | non-o1 vibrio cholerae infections are associated with sporadic cases of gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections. septicaemia due to non-o1 vibrio cholerae is rare and are mainly reported in adults, particularly in immunocompromised patients. we report a case of non-o1 vibrio cholerae septicaemia and gastroenteritis in an 8-year-old child. the patient presented with bloody diarrhoea, fever and severe dehydration. non-o1 vibrio cholerae were isolated from blood and stool cultures. the clini ... | 1994 | 7761898 |
| non 0-1 vibrio cholerae septicemia and culture negative neutrocytic ascites in a patient with chronic liver disease. | non 0-1 vibrio cholerae infection is often associated with ingestion of contaminated seafood and its common presentation is gastroenteritis. septicemia may be found in immunocompromised hosts resulting in mortality approaching 50%. a case is reported of non 0-1 vibrio cholerae infection presenting with septicemia in a patient with neutrocytic ascites suggestive of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. | 1994 | 7798872 |
| probable role of blue-green algae in maintaining endemicity and seasonality of cholera in bangladesh: a hypothesis. | 1994 | 7751564 | |
| [non-production of indole: an epidemiological marker for vibrio cholerae]. | 1994 | 7746117 | |
| [diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, new frontiers?]. | 1994 | 7746137 | |
| construction of an engineered bivalent vaccine strain consisting of vibrio cholerae ct-b and lps-o antigens. | in this study, the engineered e. coli strain 1046 containing v. cholerae lps-o and ctb bivalent antigen genes has been successfully obtained by using dna recombinant techniques. e. coli 1046 (pmg305) could not only express ct-b antigen but also secret ctb into medium as shown by gm1-elisa. meanwhile, whole cell o-antigen-elisa, bacterial agglutination test and hemagglutination inhibition assay demonstrated that lps-o antigen could be expressed on the cell surface by e. coli 1046 (pmg305) and sho ... | 1994 | 7780018 |
| characterization of ganglioside associated with the thyrotrophin receptor. | the receptor protein for thyrotrophin (thyroid-stimulating hormone; tsh) is associated with a glycosphingolipid moiety. the protein belongs to the family of receptors that couple to guanine nucleotide binding proteins; the glycosphingolipid contains sialic acid and belongs to the family of gangliosides. this report defines the structure of the receptor ganglioside in the fisher rat thyroid cell line (frtl-5). receptor protein was purified by tsh affinity chromatography from frtl-5 cells, biosynt ... | 1994 | 7734842 |
| first isolation of vibrio cholerae 0139 (bengal strain) from a sri lankan patient. | 1994 | 7728923 | |
| expression and mutagenesis of recombinant cholera toxin a subunit. | adp-ribosylating protein exotoxins from vibrio cholerae (ct) and escherichia coli (lt-i) share two short regions of sequence similarity with bordetella pertussis toxin (pt). previous studies have indicated that substitution of arginine for lysine 7 within the first region of ct drastically decreases adp ribosyltransferase activity. we have more closely defined the role of other amino acids in this region by generating modified proteins in which arginine 7 was replaced with lysine (r7k), aspartat ... | 1994 | 7723660 |
| [environmental isolation of vibrio cholerae 01 in continental waters of the province of seville]. | many bibliographical references suggest reserves of vibrio cholerae in the aquatic world, strains of both the serovariety no 01 and 01 having been isolated in different parts of the globe in fresh and extensive salt waters. | 1994 | 7716408 |
| epidemic cholera during refugee resettlement in malawi. | in june 1988 a cholera epidemic occurred in a mozambican refugee population resettling in southern malawi. | 1994 | 7721533 |
| diarrheal disease. established pathogens, new pathogens, and progress in vaccine development. | although much progress has been made in reducing the morbidity and mortality of infectious diarrhea through the use of oral rehydration, progress in preventive measures, such as vaccine development, has been slow. despite the plethora of candidate vaccines developed, there has not been an effective vaccine ready for general use, particularly in developing countries, during the past decade, perhaps in part because of the as-yet-undefined pathophysiology of many of these pathogens, as well as the ... | 1994 | 7698825 |
| susceptibility of the bacterium vibrio cholerae to acid ph in salad vegetables: an ultrastructural view. | 1994 | 7701087 | |
| [phenotypic and genotypic characterization of vibrio cholerae o1]. | we made 52180 tests for isolation and identification of toxigenic v. cholerae o1 from rectal swabs and reference strains. we isolated 17.6% v. cholerae o1 strains in 1991, 43.5% in 1992 and 38.9% in 1993. the main serovar in 1991 was inaba, whereas in 1993 a similar percentage was serovar ogawa. the phenotype of v. cholerae strains was determined by hemolysis test, voges-proskauer test, polymyxin b resistance and phages 4 and 5 resistance. all of the mexican strains were el tor. there were 2.9-0 ... | 1994 | 7701133 |
| [seroepidemiology of cholera in mexico]. | antibodies against vibrio cholerae were determined in 2352 serum samples obtained from patients with clinical diagnosis of cholera. samples from their contacts and from healthy people living in the same communities were also analyzed. vibriocidal antibodies with titers 1:160 or higher were observed in 25% of the samples. an increase of vibriocidal and antitoxin antibody titers were observed in 56 to 60% of the patients in which paired samples were available, one obtained in the acute phase of th ... | 1994 | 7701134 |
| [antibiotic resistance pattern of 24, 526 strains of vibrio cholerae o1 isolated in mexico from 1991 to 1993]. | profile of antimicrobial resistance by kirby-bauer method was performed on 24526 vibrio cholerae o1 strains isolated in méxico (1991-1993) from fecal swabs in cholera cases and from asymptomatic carriers. minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) tests for tetracycline (te) and doxycycline (d) were done on selected strains. single antibiotic discs were used at concentrations of: te, 30 micrograms; d, 30 micrograms; erythromycin (e), 15 micrograms; chloramphenicol (cm), 30 micrograms; ampicillin (am ... | 1994 | 7701135 |
| [cytotonic and cytotoxic effect of cholera toxin on vero cells and its relation to pcr]. | we studied 40 vibrio cholerae strains: 16 from stool, 16 from sewage and 8 from food. the serotypes were inaba in 21 strains, 8 ogawa strains and 11 v. cholerae non-o1. pcr was made with ctx2 and ctx3 primers with 25 cycles of temperature: 1 min at 94 degrees c, 1 min at 60 degrees c and 1 min at 72 degrees c. 24 v. cholerae strains were positive: 18/24 inaba y 6/24 ogawa. pcr was negative for 16 strains: 3 inaba serotype, 2 ogawa y 11 v. cholerae non-o1. in vero culture cells 18 strains were cy ... | 1994 | 7701136 |
| [evaluation of the elisa method for cholera toxin determination in vibrio cholerae cultures]. | elisa test was evaluated in 503 cultures of vibrio cholerae o1 y 303 non-o1. the cultures were isolated from sewage from different states of méxico between june 1991 and october 1992. the sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 96%. only 12 strains of v. cholerae non-o1 were positive for ct toxin. when these cultures were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for cholera toxin, the results were negative. elisa test is a good alternative to be used for toxin production in cultures of v. c ... | 1994 | 7701137 |
| [cytotoxic effect of vibrio cholerae non-o1 on vero cells]. | at the present time there is still in mexico a diarrhoeal outbreak due to vibrio cholerae o1. in indre we have isolated from the same outbreak last year (jan-apr), 70 strains of vibrio cholerae non-o1. these were isolated from patients with a diarrhoeal illness different from cholera. patients were of different ages and sex, and from various geographic areas. the isolated strains were confirmed by serological agglutination test with polyclonal antisera, and they neither belong to o1 serogroup or ... | 1994 | 7701138 |
| [identification of vibrio cholerae o1 by flow cytometry]. | a total of 72 peptonated water samples suspected of carrying vibrio cholerae were assessed by laser flow cytometry (lfc) and compared with positive culture. we used a direct fluorescence technique using polyclonal (polab) and monoclonal antibodies (moab) conjugated to fluorescein. the polab were able to detect 33 positive samples. a clear difference among the 20 positive samples was found with only three v. cholerae o1 false negatives when moab were used whereas all 13 v. cholerae non o1 samples ... | 1994 | 7701139 |
| [polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the identification of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 in oysters]. | pcr was made with ctx2 (cgg gca gat tct aga cct cct g) y ctx3 (cga tga tct tgg agc att ccc ac) primers for subunit a of cholera toxin, 30 cycles of temperature on samples of 50 g of oysters added in 450 ml of peptone alcaline water that were inoculated with 15 x 10(6), 0.75 x 10(6) and 0.15 x 10(6) cfu/ml of toxigenic 6707 v. cholerae o1 reference strain. the samples were tested by three microbiological methods: indre's method uses 1 x 10(-1) dilution of sample, two fold pass to peptone alcaline ... | 1994 | 7701140 |
| a monoclonal antibody-based dot-blot elisa diagnostic kit for the detection of vibrio cholerae 01 in stools of diarrheic patients and household contacts. | a "cholera diagnostic kit" was developed for sensitive, specific, rapid, and inexpensive detection of vibrio cholerae 01. the monoclonal antibody specific to antigen a of vibrio cholerae 01 was used as an antigen detection reagent and the principle of dot-blot elisa was adopted. the kits were used in seven regional medical sciences centres, ministry of public health, located at various regions of thailand where diarrhea occurs frequently. diagnostic efficiency of the kits in the detection of vib ... | 1994 | 7612110 |
| [vibrio cholerae strains resistant to vibriostatic factor 0/129 isolated from a patient with cholera in poland]. | the vibrio cholerae strain of biotype el tor and serotype ol ogawa was isolated from a 45-year old man after his return from india, hospitalized in głogów (wsse legnica) with symptoms of food poisoning and considerable dehydration. from culture on alkaline agar, the vibrio cholerae strain was isolated and manifested typical biochemical and serological properties except for resistance to the vibriostatic factor 0/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropyl-pteridine). in addition, the strain was resistant t ... | 1994 | 7603133 |
| isolation and structural analysis of oligosaccharide phosphates containing the complete carbohydrate chain of the lipopolysaccharide from vibrio cholerae strain h11 (non-o1). | for the first time, an oligosaccharide has been prepared comprising the lipid a backbone, the core oligosaccharide and one repeating unit of the o-specific polysaccharide (o-chain) of a lipopolysaccharide. lipopolysaccharide from vibrio cholerae strain h11 (non-o1) was deacylated and the products were separated by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. major fractions were a hexadecasaccharide trisphosphate 1, representing the core-lipid a oligosaccharide substituted by one modified rep ... | 1994 | 7525284 |
| insertion of a hiv-1-neutralizing epitope in a surface-exposed internal region of the cholera toxin b-subunit. | the non-toxic b-subunit of cholera toxin (ctb) is a powerful immunogen and has been investigated as a carrier for foreign peptide epitopes, with peptides genetically fused to either the n- or c terminus of ctb. in the present study, we have constructed a plasmid encoding a novel intrachain ctb fusion protein with a peptide epitope inserted into an internal region of ctb: eight amino acids (aa) in ctb (56-63) were substituted with a 10-aa peptide from the third variable (v3) loop of the hiv-1 env ... | 1994 | 7525413 |
| delineation and comparison of ganglioside-binding epitopes for the toxins of vibrio cholerae, escherichia coli, and clostridium tetani: evidence for overlapping epitopes. | binding studies of various glycolipids, mainly belonging to the ganglio series, to the toxins isolated from vibrio cholerae, escherichia coli, and clostridium tetani have been performed, using the microtiter well assay. by using the found binding preferences in conjunction with minimum-energy conformations obtained from molecular modeling of the various ligands, binding epitopes on the natural receptor glycolipids for the toxins have been defined. the binding preferences for the cholera toxin an ... | 1994 | 7527546 |
| production of vibrio cholerae ghosts (vcg) by expression of a cloned phage lysis gene: potential for vaccine development. | the protein e-specific lysis mechanism of the escherichia coli-specific bacteriophage phix174 was employed to produce vibrio cholerae ghosts (vcg). vcg consist of both rounded and collapsed cells that have lost their cytoplasmic contents through an e-specific hole in the cell envelope. these ghosts are proposed as non-living material for immunization against cholera. a specific membrane anchor sequence was used to insert the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) reverse transcriptase (rt) ... | 1994 | 7530888 |
| cholera: current epidemiology. | cholera remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. its epidemiology has changed in the 1990s, with the spread of the seventh pandemic to the western hemisphere and the emergence of a new serogroup, vibrio cholerae o139. the spread of cholera may be rapid and unpredictable because of aeroplane travel, international shipping, and the migration of people due to war or political unrest. increasing amounts of largely untreated faeces from growing human populations favour cholera ... | 1994 | 7531564 |
| bivalent vaccines against bacterial enteropathogens: construction of live attenuated vaccine strains with two o-serotype specificities. | a considerable interest exists worldwide in the development of live attenuated oral vaccines against diarrhoeal diseases. in addition to vaccination against the corresponding pathogens, such vaccine strains can be used as carriers for the expression of protective antigens from other organisms. the antigenic repertoire of a given vaccine strain may thereby be extended, potentially leading to a bivalent vaccine. the lipopolysaccharide is known to be a major antigenic surface component of bacterial ... | 1994 | 7540016 |
| [characterization of a multiresistant strain of vibrio cholerae o1, isolated from a case of cholera in chile]. | this report characterizes a multiresistant vibrio cholerae o1 strain, isolated from a patient with cholera, and investigates the mechanism of resistance. the analyzed strain was resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. the resistance was mediated by a 101 megadalton plasmid that was transferred to the resultant of a conjugation assay between the multiresistant v. cholerae strain and e. coli c-600 used as receptor strain, that acquired the triple resistance of ... | 1994 | 7597345 |
| specificity of cholera screen test during an epidemic of cholera-like disease due to vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal. | 1994 | 7570828 | |
| the clinical pattern of diarrhoeal illness caused by the new epidemic variant of non-o1 vibrio cholerae. | 1994 | 7570835 | |
| studies of infection with vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal in family contacts of index cases. | 1994 | 7570836 | |
| modified camp test for biogrouping vibrio cholerae o1 strains and distinguishing them from strains of v. cholerae non-o1. | a modified camp test was used to identify 973 vibrio cholerae isolates by phenotype. eltor and non-o1 strains were camp positive; classical strains were camp negative. sausage-shaped zones of hemolysis of eltor strains were easily distinguished from narrower bands of non-o1 isolates. for o1 isolates, there was 100% agreement between the camp test and inhibition by polymyxin b. | 1994 | 7510310 |
| comparison of vibrio cholerae o139 with v. cholerae o1 classical and el tor biotypes. | vibrio cholerae o139 is a recently identified non-o1 v. cholerae strain responsible for outbreaks of epidemic cholera in india, bangladesh, and thailand in the past 2 years. other workers have demonstrated the presence of the cholera toxin genetic element in v. cholerae o139, unlike the situation for other non-o1 v. cholerae strains. we sought to compare further this strain with strains of v. cholerae o1, classical and el tor biotypes, by classic microbiologic methods, southern blot analysis for ... | 1994 | 7510671 |
| a microplate assay for sialidase activity using plant lectin binding to n-acetyllactosamine. | this paper presents a sensitive assay for sialidase activity based on the specific binding of lecting to n-acetyllactosamine. the substrate used for sialidase assay is fetuin (30-100 ng/50 microliters) with sialylated oligosaccharides, which was then coated on a 96-well microtiterplate. after removing sialic acids from the terminal positions of the glycoconjugate glycans by sialidase, it was subjected to biotin-labeled lectin (ricinus communis agglutinin 120), which binds specifically to n-acety ... | 1994 | 7511958 |
| induction of adaptive response by nitrofurantoin against oxidative dna damage in some bacterial cells. | pretreatment with a sublethal dose of nitrofurantoin did not give any protection to vibrio cholerae ogawa 154 (wild-type) cells against subsequent treatment with challenging doses of mnng and vice versa. however, pretreatment with a sublethal dose of nitrofurantoin offered significant protection to the bacterial cells against subsequent treatment with challenging doses of h2o2 and vice versa. further, sublethal doses of nitrofurantoin or h2o2 produced almost the same degree of protection against ... | 1994 | 7513062 |
| neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to an extracellular pseudomonas cepacia protease. | pseudomonas cepacia produces at least two extracellular proteases with apparent molecular masses of 36,000 and 40,000 da. the 36-kda protease has high proteolytic activity and the 40-kda protease has low proteolytic activity with hide powder azure as a substrate. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were raised against the purified 36- and 40-kda proteases. several mabs directed against the 36-kda protease were found to recognize the 40-kda protease by western immunoblot analysis. similarly, a mab direc ... | 1994 | 7516312 |
| involvement of the galactosyl-1-phosphate transferase encoded by the salmonella enterica rfbp gene in o-antigen subunit processing. | rfbt of salmonella enterica lt2 was previously thought, together with rfal, to be involved in the ligation of polymerized o antigen to core-lipid a, and three mutants were known. we report the mapping of the mutations to rfbp, the galactosyl-1-phosphate transferase gene, which is now shown to encode a bifunctional protein. the mutations which have the former rfbt phenotype are referred to as rfbp(t). we also show that rfbp(t) mutants are not blocked in the ligation step as previously believed bu ... | 1994 | 7517393 |
| molecular analysis of rrna and cholera toxin genes carried by the new epidemic strain of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal. | vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal recently caused large epidemics of cholera-like disease in bangladesh and india. we compared the restriction fragment length polymorphisms of ctxa and rrna genes (ribotypes) in 27 isolates of v. cholerae o139 from patients in bangladesh and india with those of 48 isolates of v. cholerae o1 from patients and 21 v. cholerae isolates from surface waters in bangladesh, which included 2 o139 and 19 other non-o1 isolates. ribotyping of the isolates with bgli reveale ... | 1994 | 7517950 |
| improved synthesis and the crystal structure of methyl 4,6-dideoxy-4-(3-deoxy-l-glycero-tetronamido)-alpha-d-mannopyrano side, the methyl alpha-glycoside of the intracatenary repeating unit of the o-polysaccharide of vibrio cholerae o:1. | the crude product of deamination of the commercially available l-homoserine was acetylated and the 2-o-acetyl-3-deoxy-l-glycero-tetronolactone (18) formed was used to n-acylate methyl perosaminide (methyl 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-d-mannopyranoside, 12) and its 2,3-o-isopropylidene derivative. the major product isolated from the reaction was the crystalline methyl 4-(4-o-acetyl-3-deoxy-l-glycero-tetronamido)-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-d-+ ++mannopyranoside (1, 70-75%) resulting from acetyl group migratio ... | 1994 | 7520833 |
| unusual in vivo turnover of transfer rna in vibrio cholerae. | two lines of evidence suggest that, unlike in other organisms, the transfer rnas of vibrio cholerae undergo rapid turnover in vivo. firstly, the trna content of v. cholerae cells treated with rifampicin (an inhibitor of initiation of rna synthesis) decreased rapidly and continuously. secondly, the newly synthesized trnas were rapidly degraded even under normal conditions of growth; the average half life of trna was 11.8 min. the degradation is mediated by an enzyme(s), present in v. cholerae cyt ... | 1994 | 7521249 |
| identification of a toxr-activated gene, tage, that lies within the accessory colonization factor gene cluster of vibrio cholerae o395. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence has been determined for a vibrio cholerae toxr-activated gene designated tage that is located within a cluster of genes required for efficient intestinal colonization. the tage gene encompasses 909 nt and is predicted to encode a 303-amino-acid (aa) protein with an estimated molecular mass of 34,468 da. computer-assisted similarity searches revealed that tage possesses aa sequence similarity with escherichia coli orfu and staphylococcus simulans lysostaphin, two prot ... | 1994 | 7523253 |
| identification of a vibrio cholerae toxr-activated gene (tagd) that is physically linked to the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp) gene cluster. | the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp)-encoding gene cluster (tcp) specifies a type-iv pilus that is a major colonization determinant of vibrio cholerae. we have identified a gene 200 bp upstream from the tcp cluster that requires toxr for expression. we have designated this gene tagd (toxr-activated gene) and have shown that tagd is encoded on a 600-nt transcript. the deduced tagd product is a 164-amino-acid polypeptide (20 kda). interestingly, tagd shares a high degree of similarity to a protein of ... | 1994 | 7523254 |
| production, characterization, and application of monoclonal antibodies to vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal. | mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were derived against acetone-treated whole cells of the newly recognized vibrio cholerae o139 serogroup which is causing epidemics of cholera-like disease in india and bangladesh. four mabs specifically recognized the lipopolysaccharide antigens of v. cholerae o139. mabs icl9 and icl13 were of the immunoglobulin m (igm) isotype, icl11 was of the igg3 isotype, and icl12 was of the ig2b isotype. a fifth mab, icl10, of the igg2b isotype cross-reacted with v. chole ... | 1994 | 7496922 |
| extinction of vibrio cholerae in acidic substrata: contaminated fish marinated with lime juice (ceviche). | millions of vibrio cholerae o1 el tor were rapidly eliminated when added to commercial ceviche prepared by marination of mahi-mahi fish in lime juice. likewise, large masses of viable vibrios present in laboratory contaminated fish, were readily eliminated after immersion in lime juice, during the preparation of ceviche. the killing effect was evident within 5 min of exposure of vibrios to lime juice, with reductions of more than 99.9% of the initial bacterial mass. after 2 h of marination of fi ... | 1994 | 7501869 |
| extinction of vibrio cholerae in acidic substrata: contaminated cabbage and lettuce treated with lime juice. | lime juice killed millions of vibrio cholerae o1, el tor, inaba, present on cabbage and lettuce contaminated in the laboratory. the lethal effect was evident within 5 min of exposure to lime juice. no vibrios could be recovered at dilution 1:10 using alkaline peptone water (apw) and thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-saccharose agar (tcbs). more than 99.9% of the initial inoculum was effectively destroyed. the number of vibrios killed by lime juice was 2 to 6 logarithms greater than the maximum infe ... | 1994 | 7501870 |
| identification of a novel sugar, 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-2-o-methylmannose in the lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae o1 serotype ogawa. | a novel sugar in the lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae o1 serotype ogawa has been identified. the sugar was liberated from the lipopolysaccharide when hydrolyzed in 10 m hcl at 90 degrees c for 15 min. the sugar was purified and identified as 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-2-o-methylmannose (2-o-methylperosamine). since it was found only in the lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae o1 serotype ogawa, it seems that the sugar is one of the specific constituents determining ogawa serotype specificity. | 1994 | 8194067 |
| characterization of the vibrio cholerae outer membrane heme transport protein huta: sequence of the gene, regulation of expression, and homology to the family of tonb-dependent proteins. | the regulation of huta, the vibrio cholerae gene encoding a 77-kda iron-regulated outer membrane protein required for heme iron utilization, was characterized, and the dna sequence of the gene was determined. a huta::tn5 lac fusion generated previously (d. p. henderson and s. m. payne, mol. microbiol. 7:461-469, 1993) was transformed into fur- and fur+ strains of escherichia coli and v. cholerae. the results of beta-galactosidase assays on the transformed strains demonstrated that transcription ... | 1994 | 8195082 |
| rapid detection of vibrio cholerae o1 in stools of peruvian cholera patients by using monoclonal immunodiagnostic kits. loyaza cholera working group in peru. | we compared stool culture with two commercial vibrio cholerae o1 rapid diagnostic kits which detect antigen in 100 adults with cholera in peru. serum vibriocidal-antibody titer was used as an external reference. both rapid diagnostic kits appeared to detect cholera more frequently than did culture and were highly specific. | 1994 | 8195409 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae o139 bengal is genetically related to v. cholerae o1 el tor ogawa isolated in mexico. | 1994 | 8195632 | |
| cutaneous manifestations of non-01 vibrio cholerae septicemia with gastroenteritis and meningitis. | a 58-year-old man with diabetes had fever and chills 5 days after ingestion of raw seafood. nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea, bilateral calf pain, and neck stiffness subsequently developed. generalized edema and ecchymotic patches with a vesiculobullous eruption appeared on the extremities. four blood cultures were positive for vibrio cholerae non-01. the patient was successfully treated with antibiotics. this is the first documented case of v. cholerae non-01 septicemia with cutaneous lesions ... | 1994 | 8157789 |
| lack of cross-protection against diarrhea due to vibrio cholerae o139 (bengal strain) after oral immunization of rabbits with v. cholerae o1 vaccine strain cvd103-hgr. | 1994 | 8277193 | |
| a study of the aetiological agents of childhood diarrhoea in lagos, nigeria. | from december 1989 to may 1990, 315 faecal samples from children under 5 years old with diarrhoea (215) and without diarrhoea (100) seen at paediatric clinics were investigated for bacterial, viral and parasitic enteropathogens. standard and recently described methods were used for the investigations, which revealed that 74.9% of children with diarrhoea were infected with enteropathogens compared with 28% of controls. in the diarrhoeal group, 59.1% had a bacterial, 26.5% a viral and 2.3% a paras ... | 1994 | 8289209 |
| the use of gene probes, immunoassays and tissue culture for the detection of toxin in vibrio cholerae non-o1. | vibrio cholerae non-o1 strains were screened for the presence of cholera enterotoxin (ct) genes by means of digoxigenin-labelled polynucleotide cta and ctb probes. in-vitro production of ct was investigated by the y1 mouse adrenal cell assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and a commercial, reversed passive latex agglutination (rpla) kit. only two (0.25%) of 790 strains tested gave positive results with the cta and ctb probes. the production of other bacterial cytotoxin(s) made it imp ... | 1994 | 8289212 |
| comparative study of two transport systems for vibrio cholerae. | 1994 | 8134943 | |
| selective regulation of chemotactic lymphokine production by monocytes and macrophage cell line cells. | effects of lipopolysaccharides (lps) on the production of chemotactic lymphokines for eosinophils and monocytes (ecf and mcf) from antigen- or mitogen-stimulated t cells were examined. supernatants from monocytes stimulated with various lps regulated concanavalin a (con a)- and purified protein derivative (ppd)-induced ecf or mcf production. the regulation varied with lps used for monocyte stimulation. the supernatant from monocytes stimulated with lps from escherichia coli, j-5 strain, selectiv ... | 1994 | 8155994 |
| the etiology of early childhood diarrhea: a community study from guinea-bissau. | a potential enteropathogen was found in 50% of 1219 diarrheal episodes and 48% of 511 asymptomatic controls in a 1-year community study of childhood diarrhea. rotavirus (3% of episodes), cryptosporidium species (6%), and enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) with epec adherence factor (4%) were more prevalent in cases than controls. giardia lamblia (19%) was the most prevalent organism but was not associated with diarrhea. enterotoxigenic e. coli (12%), strongyloides stercoralis (5%), shigell ... | 1994 | 8158030 |
| lack of cross-protection against diarrhea due to vibrio cholerae o1 after oral immunization of rabbits with v. cholerae o139 bengal. | 1994 | 8158063 | |
| multiple regulatory systems in vibrio cholerae pathogenesis. | 1994 | 8162438 | |
| vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal is closely related to vibrio cholerae el tor but has important differences. | although vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal strains, from the current epidemics in india and bangladesh, are closely related to seventh-pandemic strains, as shown by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, bengal strains are encapsulated and portions of the o1 antigen biosynthetic complex genes found in o1 strains are altered or lacking. encapsulated bengal strains showed resistance to killing by normal human serum. the presence of the capsule suggests the potential for bloodstream invasion in susce ... | 1994 | 8168977 |
| spread of vibrio cholerae o139 bengal in india. | vibrio cholerae serogroup o139 bengal, a novel strain with epidemic potential, completely displaced v. cholerae serogroup 01 in calcutta in january 1993, which was followed by an epidemic caused by v. cholerae o139 in march-may 1993. from november 1992 to july 1993, 95.6% of 916 v. cholerae isolates submitted to the national institute of cholera and enteric diseases from 28 locations in india were confirmed as serogroup o139. as of july 1993, v. cholerae o139 had been isolated from 13 indian sta ... | 1994 | 8169387 |
| seawater effects on various vibrio species. | this study compared the effects of sea water on vibrio cholerae and six other vibrio spp. survival in seawater microcosms as well as uptake of a carbonated substrate in marine or non-marine conditions were investigated. except for v. vulnificus becoming non-culturable, all the other selected species survived in sea water for at least 15 days at 20 degrees c. depending on the species tested, the substrate was better transported in a high salt medium (v. cholerae, v. fluvialis and v. metschnikovii ... | 1994 | 8170408 |
| expression of pna-binding sites on specific glycoproteins by human melanoma cells is associated with a high metastatic potential. | lectin-binding patterns of seven human melanoma clones and variants selected from the same parental cell line and differing in their spontaneous metastatic potential in an animal model were compared by flow cytometry and scatchard analysis. human melanoma clones and variants with high and low metastatic potential could be distinguished by their peanut agglutinin (pna)-binding patterns, but not by their wheat germ agglutinin (wga)-, ulex europaeus agglutinin i (uea i)-, and soybean agglutinin (sb ... | 1994 | 8175891 |
| recombinant derivative of a naturally occurring non-toxinogenic vibrio cholerae 01 expressing the b subunit of cholera toxin: a potential oral vaccine strain. | a clinical isolate of vibrio cholerae 01 was identified which did not possess the heat-labile (ct), the heat-stable (st) or the zonula occludens (zot) toxin genes. rabbit ileal loop assays showed that no other ct-like toxin was produced by this strain. the partly deleted cholera toxin gene which carries the intact gene for the b subunit was cloned and the recombinant plasmid, purd110, was introduced into this non-toxinogenic natural human isolate. the transformed cells (strain urd2) secreted the ... | 1994 | 8178559 |
| structure and arrangement of the cholera toxin genes in vibrio cholerae o139. | the sequence of the ctxb gene encoding the b subunit of cholera toxin has been determined for a strain of vibrio cholerae of the novel o139 serotype associated with recent outbreaks of severe cholera throughout south-east asia and found to be identical to the ctxb gene in v. cholerae o1 of the el tor biotype. analyses by southern hybridization and pcr showed that all strains of the o139 serotype v. cholerae tested carried cholera toxin genes and other genes associated with a virulence cassette d ... | 1994 | 8181723 |
| [mapping a genetic determinant determining the increased synthesis of cholera toxin by the dakka 35 strain of vibrio cholerae]. | a new mutation tox-2 defining the increased level of cholera exotoxin production by the strain vibrio cholerae dakka 35 isolated from nature has been mapped by conjugational crosses of donor and recipient strains differing by toxin production and serovar. the mutation has been localized on the chromosomal fragment containing the ilv, pur, ura, rfb genes adjacent to ura-94 locus. the linkage of the tox-2 mutation with the rfb locus coding for the synthesis of somatic ol-antigen has been also esta ... | 1994 | 8183304 |
| [2 dutch travelers returning from thailand with cholera]. | cholera is a disease rarely imported in the netherlands. recently a 34-year-old woman who had returned from a trip through thailand was admitted to our hospital with complaints of vomiting, watery stools and moderate dehydration. vibrio cholerae oi serotype ogawa biotype el tor was isolated from the faeces. she recovered after antimicrobial and fluid therapy. her 29-year-old travelling companion had only mild symptoms of diarrhoea, but the bacterium was isolated from her stool also. cholera shou ... | 1994 | 8183399 |
| [sepsis caused by non-o1-vibrio cholerae: a patient in the netherlands]. | in a 84-year-old woman extraintestinal infection by non-oi vibrio cholerae was diagnosed. she had septicaemia with cholangitis and cholecysto- and choledocholithiasis. until now 26 patients with non-oi v. cholerae septicaemia have been reported. most had an underlying disease, usually a chronic liver disease or haematological malignancy. these disorders were not present in our patient. she was treated with co-trimoxazole and afterwards she underwent a cholecystectomy and common bile duct explora ... | 1994 | 8183400 |
| sequence determination of rrna genes of pathogenic vibrio species and whole-cell identification of vibrio vulnificus with rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes. | a comparative analysis of seven new 16s rrna gene sequences of pathogenic vibrio species with previously published vibrio sequences confirmed that vibrio vulnificus represents a group that is not closely related to the core organisms of the genus vibrio. in addition, we found that v. vulnificus, listonella (vibrio) anguillarum and vibrio diazotrophicus branch off separately from the core group. a comparison of the 16s rrna gene sequences of v. vulnificus strains belonging to biotypes 1 and 2 rev ... | 1994 | 8186099 |
| the light organ symbiont vibrio fischeri possesses a homolog of the vibrio cholerae transmembrane transcriptional activator toxr. | a cross-hybridizing dna fragment to vibrio cholerae toxr was cloned from the nonpathogenic light organ symbiont vibrio fischeri, and three proteins homologous to v. cholerae toxr, toxs, and htpg were deduced from its dna sequence. v. fischeri toxr was found to activate a v. cholerae toxr-regulated promoter, and an antiserum raised against the amino-terminal domain of v. cholerae toxr cross-reacts v. fischeri toxr. | 1994 | 8188612 |
| [epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of the new strain vibrio cholerae 0139]. | 1994 | 8196532 | |
| epidemic cholera in trujillo, peru 1992: utility of a clinical case definition and shift in vibrio cholerae o1 serotype. | epidemic cholera continues in peru. since 1991, cholera surveillance in peru has been based mainly on clinical recognition. to determine the proportion of reported cholera patients who actually have cholera and to evaluate the clinical case definition used in surveillance, we cultured rectal swabs from patients presenting with acute diarrhea in march 1992 in trujillo, peru. of 197 patients meeting the clinical case definition, 174 (88%) had confirmed vibrio cholerae o1 infection. in this epidemi ... | 1994 | 8203704 |
| escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae strains deficient in an enzyme involved in disulphide bond formation (dsba) show an increase in sensitivity to dithiothreitol. | 1994 | 8206309 | |
| gtp-binding proteins associated with the human placental syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane. | the nature of gtp-binding components associated with isolated human term placental syncytiotrophoblast microvillous plasma membrane vesicles (spmv) was determined; these are relevant to elucidation of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms. four proteins were identified, with molecular weights of 29, 27, 23 and 21 kda, which specifically bound [alpha-32p]gtp in the presence of mg2+. studies employing anti-p21c-ras monoclonal antibodies indicated these four gtp-binding components were ras-r ... | 1994 | 8208666 |
| cholera and severe toxigenic diarrhoeas. | 1994 | 8307461 | |
| thermal stability of an oral killed-cholera-whole-cell vaccine containing recombinant b-subunit of cholera toxin. | an oral killed cholera vaccine containing 1 x 10(11) cells of vibrio cholerae o1 (heat- or formalin-killed) representing the ogawa and inaba biotypes and containing 1 mg of b-subunit of cholera toxin (ctb) produced by recombinant dna technology (the wc/rctb vaccine) was subjected to temperatures of 4 c, 30 c or 42 c for up to 6 months time. lipopolysaccharide antigen (lps) and ctb content of the vaccine samples determined at various times remained unchanged during the study except for the ctb co ... | 1994 | 7898381 |
| vibrio cholerae o139 el tor biotype. | 1994 | 7907691 | |
| purification and characterization of vibrio cholerae o139 fimbriae. | a vibrio cholerae o139 (strain al-1841) isolated from a patient with a cholera-like disease in bangladesh predominantly produced new curved, wavy fimbriae (al-1841 fimbriae) and small numbers of previously reported v. cholerae non-o1 s7-like pili. the former was purified and characterized. the molecular mass of the al-1841 fimbrial subunit was less than 2.5 kda, and it was immunologically different from that of v. cholerae non-o1 s7 pili. this novel fimbrial antigen was detected in all 182 gram- ... | 1994 | 7908003 |
| genome size and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of vibrio cholerae strains belonging to different serovars and biotypes. | the genome size of vibrio cholerae has been determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis following digestion of chromosomal dna with endonucleases. the genome size of all the classical strains examined was about 3000 kb and that of el tor biotype was 2500 kb. the noti and sfii digestion patterns of the genomes of several v. cholerae strains belonging to different serovars and biotypes showed distinct restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). rflp analysis together with the genome size c ... | 1994 | 7908004 |
| acute acalculous cholecystitis due to vibrio cholerae. | 1994 | 7910242 |