Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| rapid clearance of herpes simplex virus type 2 by cd8+ t cells requires high level expression of effector t cell functions. | cd8(+) t cells are important for resolution of hsv-2 lesions from the female genital epithelium. it is uncertain whether optimal clearance of viruses such as hsv-2 that cause a limited, non-systemic infection solely requires expression of effector functions by infiltrating cd8(+) t lymphocytes, or if the clearance rate is reflective of the expression level of critical effector functions. to address this, cd8(+) t cells from normal ot-i mice or ot-i mice deficient in ifn? (ifn?(-/-)) or the ifn? ... | 2011 | 21444117 |
| the effect of the vaginal diaphragm and lubricant gel on acquisition of hsv-2. | in the context of a multisite hiv prevention trial in southern african women, we examined the effectiveness of the ortho all-flex diaphragm, lubricant gel (replens) and condoms compared to condoms alone on the incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections. | 2011 | 21447515 |
| virucidal activity of the dendrimer microbicide spl7013 against hiv-1. | topical microbicides for use by women to prevent the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and other sexually transmitted infections are urgently required. dendrimers are highly branched nanoparticles being developed as microbicides. spl7013 is a dendrimer with broad-spectrum activity against hiv type i (hiv-1) and -2 (hiv-2), herpes simplex viruses type-1 (hsv-1) and -2 (hsv-2) and human papillomavirus. spl7013 [3% (w/w)] has been formulated in a mucoadhesive carbopol gel (vivagel® ... | 2011 | 21459115 |
| genital herpes testing among persons living with hiv. | this cross-sectional survey explored the frequency of genital herpes testing among 110 people living with hiv (plwh) and reported barriers and facilitators related to testing. forty-four percent of the respondents had not been tested for genital herpes since receiving an hiv diagnosis, 34% had been tested, and 22% preferred not to say. respondents' most frequently cited factors affecting a decision to not be tested were: (a) testing not being recommended by a provider, (b) not having herpes symp ... | 2011 | 21459624 |
| high prevalent and incident hiv-1 and herpes simplex virus 2 infection among male migrant and non-migrant sugar farm workers in zambia. | more insight is needed regarding risk factors for prevalent and incident hiv-1 infection among male farm workers in sub-saharan africa to control the hiv-1 epidemic. | 2011 | 21459898 |
| single tube multiplex real-time pcr for the rapid detection of herpesvirus infections of the central nervous system. | human herpesvirus infection of immunocompromised hosts may lead to central nervous system (cns) infection and diseases. in this study, a single tube multiplex real-time pcr was developed for the detection of five herpesviruses (hsv-1, hsv-2, vzv, ebv and cmv) in clinical cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens. two primer pairs specific for the herpesvirus polymerase gene and five hybridization probe pairs for the specific identification of the herpesvirus types were used in a lightcycler multiplex ... | 2011 | 21466846 |
| effects of electrolytes on virus inactivation by acidic solutions. | acidic ph is frequently used to inactivate viruses. we have previously shown that arginine synergizes with low ph in enhancing virus inactivation. considering a potential application of the acid inactivation of viruses for the prevention and treatment of superficial virus infection at body surfaces and fixtures, herein we have examined the effects of various electrolytes on the acid-induced inactivation of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), the influenza a virus (iav) an ... | 2011 | 21468540 |
| generation of neutralising aptamers against hsv-2: potential components of multivalent microbicides. | the prophylactic use of topical antiviral agents has recently been validated by the reduction in hiv-1 infection incidence seen using tonofovir-containing microbicides. in order to develop a wide-spectrum microbicide to prevent infection with a wide range of sexually transmitted viruses, we have previously reported the development of hiv-neutralizing aptamers, and here report the isolation and characterization of aptamers that neutralize herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). these aptamers bind t ... | 2011 | 21471320 |
| impact of herpes simplex virus type 2 on hiv-1 acquisition and progression in an hiv vaccine trial (the step study). | introduction:: extensive observational data suggest that hsv-2 infection may facilitate hiv acquisition, increase hiv viral load, and accelerate hiv progression and onward transmission. to explore these relationships, we examined the impact of pre-existing hsv-2 infection in an international hiv vaccine trial. methods:: we analyzed the associations between prevalent hsv-2 infection and hiv-1 acquisition and progression among 1836 men who have sex with men (msm). we used cox proportional hazards ... | 2011 | 21471819 |
| nk cells require type i ifn receptor for antiviral responses during genital hsv-2 infection. | type i interferon (ifn) signalling, nk cells and nk cell-derived ifn-γ are critical in the early control of genital hsv-2 infection. we have recently reported that nk cells are the source of early ifn-γ in the genital tract in response to hsv-2. however, the response of nk cells to genital hsv-2 infection is not well defined in the context of type i ifn signalling. here we show that hsv-2 replication was significantly higher in mice deficient in the type i ifn receptor or nk cells compared to wi ... | 2011 | 21477795 |
| herpes simplex virus encephalitis: new infection or reactivation? | this review describes the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, course, and therapy of herpes simplex encephalitis (hse), the most fatal viral encephalitis, in which prognosis is dependent on early diagnosis and effective therapy. | 2011 | 21483260 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection increases human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry into human primary macrophages. | abstract: epidemiological and clinical data indicate that genital ulcer disease (gud) pathogens are associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) acquisition and/or transmission. among them, genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) seems to play a relevant role. indeed, the ability of hsv-2 to induce massive infiltration at the genital level of cells which are potential targets for hiv-1 infection may represent one of the mechanisms involved in this process. ... | 2011 | 21486479 |
| genital shedding of herpes simplex virus among symptomatic and asymptomatic persons with hsv-2 infection. | since herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antibody tests have become commercially available, an increasing number of persons have learned that they have genital herpes through serologic testing. the course of natural history of hsv-2 in asymptomatic, seropositive persons is uncertain. | 2011 | 21486977 |
| natalizumab and hsv meningitis. | natalizumab (tysabri, biogen idec and elan pharmaceuticals) is a monoclonal antibody approved for use in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (ms) as well as moderate to severe crohn's disease. we report the first case of a patient with a history of ms, on monthly natalizumab, who developed hsv-2 meningitis. we discuss the mechanism of action of natalizumab and review what is known about the reactivation of herpes infection in association with this medication. the question of herpes simple ... | 2011 | 21487835 |
| herpes simplex encephalitis : from virus to therapy. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is the cause of herpes simplex encephalitis (hse), a devastating human disease which occurs in 2-4 cases per million/year. hse results either from a primary infection or virus reactivation, in accordance with the common pattern of hsv infection which is a chronic lifelong process. however its pathophysiology remains largely unknown and its poor prognosis is in contrast with the usually good tolerance of most clinical herpetic manifestations. hse is due to hsv type 1 (h ... | 2011 | 21488834 |
| supporting adolescent orphan girls to stay in school as hiv risk prevention: evidence from a randomized controlled trial in zimbabwe. | using a randomized controlled trial in rural eastern zimbabwe, we tested whether comprehensive support to keep orphan adolescent girls in school could reduce hiv risk. | 2011 | 21493943 |
| genital herpes. | genital herpes is an infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2), and is among the most common sexually transmitted diseases. methods and outcomes: we conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: what are the effects of interventions to prevent sexual transmission of herpes simplex virus? what are the effects of interventions to prevent transmission of herpes simplex virus from mother to neonate? what are the effects of antiviral tr ... | 2011 | 21496359 |
| evidence for differences in immunologic and pathogenesis properties of herpes simplex virus 2 strains from the united states and south africa. | genital infection with herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) is linked to an increased risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in areas such as sub-saharan africa. thus, an effective genital herpes vaccine would be an important weapon in the fight against hiv/aids. | 2011 | 21498376 |
| identification of herpesvirus types 1-8 in oral cavity of children/adolescents with chronic renal failure. | j oral pathol med (2011) the aim of this investigation was to identify the prevalence of herpesvirus types 1-8 in the oral cavity of subjects with chronic renal failure (crf) and healthy subjects and compare the two groups, and also correlate the presence of the virus with some characteristics of crf disease (the type of treatment, drugs administered for crf and the presence of oral manifestations). the sample was made up of 60 subjects (aged 4-20) divided into the renal group (rg) and healthy g ... | 2011 | 21501230 |
| phase 1 randomized trial of the vaginal safety and acceptability of spl7013 gel (vivagel) in sexually active young women (mtn-004). | objectives:: the study was designed to assess the safety, adherence, acceptability, and effect on vaginal microflora of 3% spl7013 gel (vivagel), a novel dendrimer topical microbicide that inhibits hiv, herpes simplex virus-2, and human papillomavirus in vitro and in animal models. design:: phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on sexually active women. methods:: sixty-one sexually active women aged 18-24 years were recruited from three sites in the united states. participa ... | 2011 | 21505316 |
| a5-positive primary sensory neurons are non-permissive for productive infection with herpes simplex virus 1 in vitro. | herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) establish latency and express the latency-associated transcript (lat) preferentially in different murine sensory neuron populations, with most hsv-1 lat expression in a5+ neurons and hsv-2 lat in kh10+ neurons. to study mechanisms regulating establishment of hsv latency in specific subtypes of neurons, cultured dissociated adult murine trigeminal (tg) neurons were assessed for relative permissiveness for productive infection. unlike neonatal tg, the ... | 2011 | 21507969 |
| comparative study of immune status to infectious agents in elderly patients with multiple myeloma, waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. | whereas patients with multiple myeloma (mm) have a well-documented susceptibility to infections, this has been less studied in other b-cell disorders, such as waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (wm) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (mgus). we investigated the humoral immunity to 24 different pathogens in elderly patients with mm (n = 25), wm (n = 16), and mgus (n = 18) and in age-matched controls (n = 20). antibody titers against pneumococci, staphylococcal alpha-toxin, tetanu ... | 2011 | 21508164 |
| the relative contribution of viral and bacterial sexually transmitted infections on hiv acquisition in southern african women in the methods for improving reproductive health in africa study. | we assess the relative contribution of viral and bacterial sexually transmitted infections (stis) on hiv acquisition among southern african women in a nested case-control study within the methods for improving reproductive health in africa (mira) trial. cases were women with incident hiv infection; controls were hiv-uninfected at the time of case seroconversion selected in a 1 to 3 case to control ratio (risk-set sampling), matched on study site and time of follow-up. conditional logistic regres ... | 2011 | 21515755 |
| [meta-analysis on the incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection.] | objective: to determine the global incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). methods: meta-analysis was performed to systematically and quantitatively review all the original research papers and reports that were published in 1990 - 2010 on the global incidence of hsv-2. pooled incidence, pooled hazard ratios, publication bias, heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis for those studies were calculated or conducted using stata 10.0. results: hsv-2 incidence varied considera ... | 2011 | 21518628 |
| conservation of multifunctional ribosomal protein metallopanstimulin-1 (rps27) through complex evolution demonstrates its key role in growth regulation in archaea, eukaryotic cells, dna repair, translation and viral replication. | when the functions of a protein serve a useful survival and unique purpose, the selective pressures of evolutionary laws of nature conserve the dna sequences encoding such proteins. in many instances, the conservation of these sequences has occurred since the inception of life on earth to the present in phylogenetically related species. the unique function(s) of metallopanstimulin (mps-1/rps27) ribosomal protein (rp) and a limited number of other rps, in growth regulation, and viral infection is ... | 2011 | 21518817 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 and cancer: a medical geography approach. | herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) has been identified as a possible aetiological agent of cancer in humans, especially prostate cancer, but results remain controversial. here, we have addressed this question using a medical geography approach based on the national incidence of various cancers and seroprevalence of hsv-2 in 64 countries worldwide. we corrected reports of cancer incidence for national gross domestic product (gdp) because living in a wealthy nation likely increases the probabilit ... | 2011 | 21524717 |
| genital hsv detection among hiv-1-infected pregnant women in labor. | objective. to compare genital hsv shedding among hiv-positive and hiv-negative women. methods. women with and without known hiv infection who delivered at the university of washington medical center between 1989-1996 had hsv serologies done as part of clinical care. genital swabs from hsv-2-seropositive women were evaluated by real-time quantitative hsv dna pcr. results. hsv-2 seroprevalence was 71% and 30% among 75 hiv-positive and 3051 hiv-negative women, respectively, (p < .001). hsv was dete ... | 2011 | 21527986 |
| refractory pemphigus vulgaris associated with herpes infection: case report and review. | pemphigus vulgaris (pv) is an autoimmune disease characterized by blistering of the skin and mucosa, which develops due to the interaction between predisposing genetic and environmental factors. infections caused by members of the herpesviridae family have been suggested as a possible triggering factor for pv. | 2011 | 21537760 |
| a dual reporter cell assay for identifying serotype and drug susceptibility of herpes simplex virus. | a dual reporter cell assay (drca) that allows real-time detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection was developed. this was achieved by stable transfection of cells with an expression cassette that contains the dual reporter genes, secreted alkaline phosphatase (seap) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp), under the control of an hsv early gene promoter. baby hamster kidney (bhk) and chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell lines were used as parental cell lines because the former is permi ... | 2011 | 21549682 |
| identification of a novel marine fish virus, singapore grouper iridovirus-encoded micrornas expressed in grouper cells by solexa sequencing. | micrornas (mirnas) are ubiquitous non-coding rnas that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. an increasing number of studies has revealed that viruses can also encode mirnas, which are proposed to be involved in viral replication and persistence, cell-mediated antiviral immune response, angiogenesis, and cell cycle regulation. singapore grouper iridovirus (sgiv) is a pathogenic iridovirus that has severely affected grouper aquaculture in china and southeast asia. comprehens ... | 2011 | 21559453 |
| performance of the bioplextm 2200 multiplexing immunoassay platform for the detection to herpes simplex virus type 2 specific antibodies in african settings. | the bioplex™ platform was evaluated for the detection of herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) antibodies in sub-saharan africa individuals with clinico-virological standards and compared to herpeselect®. the sensitivity and specificity were respectively 88.9% and 93.5% for bioplex™ and 89.9% and 92.7% for herpeselect®. the agreement between both assays was 95.7%. | 2011 | 21562116 |
| associations between herpes simplex virus type 2 and hcv with hiv among injecting drug users in new york city. | objectives. we examined relationships between herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), a biomarker for sexual risk, and hcv, a biomarker for injecting risk, with hiv among injecting drug users (idus) who began injecting after large-scale expansion of syringe exchange programs in new york city. methods. we recruited 337 heroin and cocaine users who began injecting in 1995 or later from persons entering drug detoxification. we administered a structured interview covering drug use and hiv risk behavior ... | 2011 | 21566021 |
| safety and efficacy of the hvtn 503/phambili study of a clade-b-based hiv-1 vaccine in south africa: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled test-of-concept phase 2b study. | background: the mrkad5 hiv-1 gag/pol/nef subtype b vaccine was designed to elicit t-cell-mediated immune responses capable of providing complete or partial protection from hiv-1 infection or a decrease in viral load after acquisition. we aim to assess the safety and efficacy of the vaccine in south africa, where the major circulating clade is subtype c. methods: we did a phase 2b double-blind, randomised test-of-concept study in sexually active hiv-1 seronegative participants at five sites in so ... | 2011 | 21570355 |
| quantitative and qualitative correlates of cervicovaginal herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding among hiv-infected women in the women's interagency hiv study. | we identified demographic, clinical and biological determinants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) shedding among hiv-infected participants in the women's hiv interagency study (wihs). cervicovaginal lavage (cvl) specimens from 369 hiv-infected hsv seropositive women were tested with taqman polymerase chain reaction (prc) for detection hsv-2 dna. seven percent of women tested positive for hsv-2 dna in cvl. significant correlates of the presence of hsv-2 dna in cvl were being younger, african ... | 2011 | 21571975 |
| hsv neutralization by the microbicidal candidate c5a. | genital herpes is a major risk factor in acquiring human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1) infection and is caused by both herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2. the amphipathic peptide c5a, derived from the non-structural hepatitis c virus (hcv) protein 5a, was shown to prevent hiv-1 infection but neither influenza nor vesicular stomatitis virus infections. here we investigated the antiviral function of c5a on hsv infections. c5a efficiently inhibited both hsv-1 and hsv-2 infection ... | 2011 | 21573158 |
| design and evaluation of a multi-epitope assembly peptide (meap) against herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in balb/c mice. | abstract: background: human herpes simplex virus (hsv) 1 and 2 causes oral, ocular, or genital infections, which remains a significant health problem worldwide. hsv-1 and -2 infections in humans range from localized skin infections of the oral, ocular, and genital regions to severe and often disseminated infections in immunocompromised hosts. epitope based vaccination is a promising mean to achieve protective immunity and to avoid infections with human herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). method ... | 2011 | 21575169 |
| inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 infection by peptide-derivatized dendrimers. | in response to the need for new antiviral agents, dendrimer-based molecules have been recognized as having a large number of potential therapeutic applications. they include peptide derivatized-dendrimers: hyperbranched synthetic well-defined molecules which consist of a peptidyl branching core and covalently attached surface functional peptides. however, few studies have addressed their applications as direct-acting antiviral agents. here, we report on the ability of the peptide dendrimer sb105 ... | 2011 | 21576438 |
| inhibition of hiv transmission in human cervicovaginal explants and humanized mice using cd4 aptamer-sirna chimeras. | the continued spread of the hiv epidemic underscores the need to interrupt transmission. one attractive strategy is a topical vaginal microbicide. sexual transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in mice can be inhibited by intravaginal sirna application. to overcome the challenges of knocking down gene expression in immune cells susceptible to hiv infection, we used chimeric rnas composed of an aptamer fused to an sirna for targeted gene knockdown in cells bearing an aptamer-binding r ... | 2011 | 21576818 |
| association of low-risk human papillomavirus infection with male circumcision in young men: results from a longitudinal study conducted in orange farm (south africa). | background. low-risk human papillomavirus (lr-hpv) genotypes 6 and 11 cause genital warts. this study investigated the association of lr-hpv infection with male circumcision (mc). methods. we used data from the south african mc trial conducted among young men. urethral swabs, collected among intervention (circumcised) and control (uncircumcised) groups, were analyzed using hpv linear array. adjusted lr-hpv prevalence rate ratio (appr) and poisson mean ratio (apmr) of number of lr-hpv genotypes w ... | 2011 | 21584275 |
| prevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex infection among patients at high risk for hiv infection in brazil. | background herpes simplex infection is responsible for substantial morbidity in patients with hiv infection. data from less-developed countries analyzing risk factors within this population are largely unavailable. aims investigate the incidence and seroprevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 infection in populations at high and low risk for hiv infection. materials and methods a prospective cohort study was performed in a population at high risk for stds composed of 170 hiv seronegative male homosexua ... | 2011 | 21595666 |
| hsv serologic testing for pregnant women: willingness to be tested and factors affecting testing. | objective. this prospective study was undertaken to evaluate pregnant women's willingness to undergo hsv type-specific serologic testing and factors affecting willingness in an obstetrics/gynecology ambulatory unit. methods. at prenatal visit 1, pregnant women (n = 303) with no history of hsv-2 were tested for hsv-1/hsv-2 before and after they received counseling on genital and neonatal herpes. results. in both the unwilling subgroup and the group that changed from being willing to being unwilli ... | 2011 | 21603233 |
| antiviral activity of lactobacillus brevis towards herpes simplex virus type 2: role of cell wall associated components. | the aim of this research was to study the mechanisms of lactobacillus brevis antiviral activity towards hsv-2 and to identify the bacterial components responsible for the inhibiting effect. bacterial extract and cell walls were prepared by lysozyme digestion of l. brevis cells untreated or treated with licl to remove s-layer proteins. bacterial extract and cell wall fragments showed a dose dependent inhibitory effect on hsv-2 multiplication. in order to characterize the inhibitory activity of l. ... | 2011 | 21621625 |
| notoginsenoside st-4 inhibits virus penetration of herpes simplex virus in vitro. | further study on steam-treated notoginseng, the roots of panax notoginseng (burk.) f.h. chen (araliaceae), which is a famous traditional chinese medicine that is used both in raw and treated forms for a long time, led to the isolation of a new dammarane-type saponin, namely notoginsenoside st-4. its structure was elucidated to be 3β,12β,20(s)-tri-hydroxydammar-24-ene-3-o-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glu-copyranoside, based on the detailed analyses of the 1d and 2d nmr ... | 2011 | 21623512 |
| seroprevalence, predictors and estimated incidence of maternal and neonatal herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in semi-urban women in kilifi, kenya. | abstract: background: herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) has public health importance as a leading cause of genital ulcers, a co-factor in hiv-1 acquisition and transmission and as a cause of neonatal herpes infections. little is known of its epidemiology and burden in coastal kenya. methods: we screened plasma samples for hsv-2 infection from 826 women aged 15-34 years who participated in an hiv-1 survey in kilifi in 2004. the sample comprised 563 women selected randomly from a demographic sur ... | 2011 | 21627803 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 virion host shutoff protein suppresses innate dsrna anti-viral pathways in human vaginal epithelial cells. | viruses that establish persistent infections have evolved numerous strategies to evade host innate antiviral responses. we functionally assessed the role of hsv-2 virion host shutoff (vhs) protein on innate immune sensing pathways in human vaginal epithelial (vk2) cells. infection of cells with wt hsv-2 significantly decreased expression of tlr2, tlr3, rig-i and mda-5 relative to cells infected with a mutant that lacks vhs (vhsb) or mock. transfection with hsv-2 vhs similarly decreased expressio ... | 2011 | 21632561 |
| the role of co-infections in hiv epidemic trajectory and positive prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | objectives:: recurrent or persistent co-infections may increase hiv viral load (vl) and, consequently, risk of hiv transmission, thus increasing hiv incidence. we evaluated the association between malaria, hsv-2 and tb co-infections and their treatment on hiv vl. design:: systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of malaria, hsv-2 and tuberculosis co-infections and their treatment on hiv vl. methods:: punmed and embase databases were searched to february 10 2010 for studies in adult ... | 2011 | 21633287 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2, genital ulcers and hiv-1 disease progression in postpartum women. | co-infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) has been associated with increased hiv-1 rna levels and immune activation, two predictors of hiv-1 progression. the impact of hsv-2 on clinical outcomes among hiv-1 infected pregnant women is unclear. | 2011 | 21637835 |
| herpes simplex encephalitis in patients with cancer. | case reports and animal models suggest that chemotherapy, corticosteroids and radiotherapy (rt) may increase the risk of herpes simplex encephalitis (hse). we retrospectively examined cases of hse at an academic hospital devoted to cancer care. patients were identified by positive herpes simplex virus (hsv) polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) or by brain pathology. there were seven patients with hse over a 12 year period, four of whom had received cranial rt. during this ... | 2011 | 21637964 |
| patterns of herpes simplex virus shedding over 1 month and the impact of acyclovir and hiv in hsv-2-seropositive women in tanzania. | few studies have examined the frequency and duration of genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) shedding in sub-saharan africa. this study describes hsv shedding patterns among a sample of hsv-2-seropositive women enrolled in a placebo-controlled trial of hsv suppressive therapy (acyclovir 400 mg twice a day) in tanzania. | 2011 | 21653932 |
| comparison of a conventional polymerase chain reaction with real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of neurotropic viruses in cerebrospinal fluid samples. | to compare a conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and real-time pcr for the detection of neurotropic dna viruses. | 2011 | 21654102 |
| determinants of differential hiv incidence among women in three southern african locations. | introduction:: we explored factors associated with differential hiv incidence among women participating in a hiv prevention trial in harare, durban, and johannesburg. the trial had shown no effect of the intervention (diaphragm and lubricant gel) on hiv incidence. methods:: a prospective cohort analysis was conducted of trial participants followed for 12-24 months. sociodemographic, biological, and behavioral data were collected at baseline and at quarterly visits. factors associated with hiv in ... | 2011 | 21654502 |
| characterization of herpes simplex virus clinical isolate y3369 as a glycoprotein g variant and its bearing on virus typing. | herpes simplex viruses exist as two major serotypes, type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2). determination of type, either hsv-1 or hsv-2, is important in accurate diagnosis and clinical control of transmission. several tests are available for typing hsv, including a monoclonal antibody specific for glycoprotein g and several pcr assays. | 2011 | 21658271 |
| synthesis of enantiomerically pure d- and l-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenyl carbanucleosides and their antiviral evaluation. | based upon the fact that l-nucleosides have been generally known to be less cytotoxic than d-counterparts, l-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenyl carbanucleoside derivatives with a fixed north conformation were designed and synthesized by employing a novel synthetic strategy starting from (r)-epichlorohydrin in order to search for new anti-hiv agents with high potency and less cytotoxicity. a tandem alkylation, ╬│-lactonization, a chemoselective reduction of ester in the presence of ╬│-lactone functional group ... | 2011 | 21658957 |
| prevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex virus type 2 infections in east croatia. | the aim of the study was to establish the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) among sexually active adults from east croatia and to evaluate its correlates with demographic and behavioural risk factors. this cross-sectional study was conducted from the 1st june until the 30th september 2005 at the department of transfusion medicine, osijek university hospital center. the study included 423 blood donors composed of 366 (86.5%) men and 57 (13.5%) women. demographic data and data ... | 2011 | 21661348 |
| microarray profiling analysis uncovers common molecular mechanisms of rubella virus, human cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus type 2 infections in ecv304 cells. | to study the common molecular mechanisms of various viruses infections that might result in congential cardiovascular diseases in perinatal period, changes in mrna expression levels of ecv304 cells infected by rubella virus (rubv), human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) were analyzed using a microarray system representing 18,716 human genes. 99 genes were found to exhibit differential expression (80 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated). biological process analysis s ... | 2011 | 21663589 |
| meta-analysis of randomized trials on the association of prophylactic acyclovir and hiv-1 viral load in individuals coinfected with herpes simplex virus-2. | to summarize the randomized evidence regarding the association between acyclovir use and hiv-1 replication as measured by plasma hiv-1 rna viral load among individuals coinfected with herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2. | 2011 | 21666542 |
| topical cream-based oxyresveratrol in the treatment of cutaneous hsv-1 infection in mice. | anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) activities of oxyresveratrol in vitro and topical administration in cutaneous hsv-1 infection in mice were examined. the inhibitory concentrations for 50% plaque formation (ic(50)) of oxyresveratrol against hsv-1 clinical isolates and hsv-2 clinical isolates were 20.9-29.5 and 22.2-27.5 ╬╝g/ml, respectively. in topical administration in cutaneous hsv-1 infection in mice, 2.5%, 5%, 10% and 20% oxyresveratrol in cream vehicle applied three times daily for 7 days aft ... | 2011 | 21669230 |
| seroepidemiological survey of transmissible infectious diseases in a portuguese prison establishment. | a cross-sectional study was conducted in 151 (71.6%) of 211 male inmates of a regional portuguese prison in order to establish the seroprevalence for viral hepatitis (hav, hbv, hcv), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), syphilis and herpes simplex virus (hsv-1 and hsv-2) and to analyze some psychosocial and criminal characteristics. mean age was 34 years. anti-hav was positive in 69.5% (n = 105) and in 34.4% (n = 52) for anti-hcv. one (0.7%) person had hbsag and 29 (19.2%) had laboratory markers ... | 2011 | 21670930 |
| endometrial epithelial cell responses to coinfecting viral and bacterial pathogens in the genital tract can activate the hiv-1 ltr in an nf{kappa}b-and ap-1-dependent manner. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are associated with increased human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) susceptibility and viral shedding in the genital tract, but the mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. | 2011 | 21673042 |
| genital herpes in children under 11 years and investigations for sexual abuse. | the implications for sexual abuse investigation of genital herpes in a child are uncertain because of a lack of good quality research evidence. the incidence, presenting features, history of exposure, indicators of child maltreatment and outcomes of child protection investigations in children with genital herpes are described. | 2011 | 21673184 |
| hsv-2 glycoprotein c subunit immunization combined with glycoprotein d improves the protection of dorsal root ganglia in mice and reduces the frequency of recurrent vaginal shedding of hsv-2 dna in guinea pigs compared with glycoprotein d alone. | attempts to develop a vaccine to prevent genital hsv-2 disease have been only marginally successful, suggesting that novel strategies are needed. immunization with hsv-2 glycoproteins c (gc-2) and d (gd-2) was evaluated in mice and guinea pigs to determine whether adding gc-2 to a gd-2 subunit vaccine improves protection by producing antibodies that block gc-2 immune evasion from complement. antibodies produced by gc-2 immunization blocked the interaction between gc-2 and complement c3b, and pas ... | 2011 | 21813597 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 1,3,4-thiadiazine derivatives. | a series of novel 1,3,4-thiadiazine derivatives were synthesized via chemical optimization on phthiobuzone. their anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) activities in vitro were also tested. several compounds exhibited more highly potent anti-hsv activity and much higher selectivity index (si) values than those of phthiobuzone. the most potent anti-hsv compound was 4f, which showed marked inhibition against hsv-1 (ic(50)=77.04 µg/ml) and hsv-2 (ic(50)=30.00 µg/ml). meanwhile it had low cytotoxicity (cc ... | 2011 | 21804247 |
| evaluation of a new multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay stdfinder for the simultaneous detection of 7 sexually transmitted disease pathogens. | we evaluated a new multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr), "stdfinder assay", a novel multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (mlpa) assay for the simultaneous detection of 7 clinically relevant pathogens of stds, i.e., neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, mycoplasma genitalium, treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2). an internal amplification control was included in the mpcr reaction. the limits of detection for t ... | 2011 | 21798683 |
| synthesis, antiviral and cytotoxic investigation of 2-phenyl-3-substituted quinazolin-4(3h)-ones. | a series of 3(benzylideneamino)-2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3h)-ones was synthesized by reaction of 3-amino-2-phenyl-3h-quinazoline-4-one with various carbonyl compounds. | 2011 | 21796872 |
| expression of hsv-1 encoded mirnas in human trigeminal ganglia and their relation to local t-cell infiltrates. | herpes simplex type-1 (hsv-1) is a neurotropic virus which establishes lifelong latency in human trigeminal ganglia (tg). currently, two non-exclusive control mechanisms of hsv-1 latency are discussed: anti-viral cd8(+) t cells and viral micro rnas (mirna) encoded by the latency associated transcript (lat). here we investigate to what extent these mechanisms may contribute to the maintenance of hsv-1 latency. in the current study we show, that only a small proportion of lat(+) neurons is surroun ... | 2011 | 21795359 |
| hvem and nectin-1 mediate hsv-1 infection of the murine cornea. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is a ubiquitous human pathogen that enters cells by receptor mediated fusion of the viral envelope with a host cell membrane. the envelope glycoprotein gd of hsv must bind to one of its receptors for entry to take place. recent studies using knock-out mice demonstrated that the gd receptors, herpes virus entry mediator (hvem) and nectin-1, are the primary entry receptors for hsv-2 in the mouse vagina and brain. nectin-1 was most crucial for neuronal spread of ... | 2011 | 21795335 |
| the kinetics of mucosal herpes simplex virus-2 infection in humans: evidence for rapid viral-host interactions. | (see the editorial commentary by quinn, on pages 495-8.) background. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) reactivations in the genital tract are responsible for mucocutaneous lesions and transmission and manifest as discrete shedding episodes. methods. we analyzed duration, peak copy number, and expansion and decay rates of 1020 shedding episodes in 531 immunocompetent hsv-2-seropositive persons from whom daily swabs of genital secretions were collected. results. viral quantity varied by as much ... | 2011 | 21791657 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 ul14 tegument protein regulates intracellular compartmentalization of major tegument protein vp16. | abstract: background: herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has a complicated life-cycle, and its genome encodes many components that can modify the cellular environment to facilitate efficient viral replication. the protein ul14 is likely involved in viral maturation and egress (cunningham c. et al), and it facilitates the nuclear translocation of viral capsids and the tegument protein vp16 during the immediate-early phase of infection (yamauchi y. et al, 2008). ul14 of herpes simplex virus type ... | 2011 | 21791071 |
| antiherpetic activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from agaricus brasiliensis mycelia. | sulfated polysaccharides are good candidates for drug discovery in the treatment of herpetic infections. agaricus brasiliensis (syn a. subrufescens, a. blazei) is a basidiomycete fungus native to the atlantic forest region of southeastern brazil. herein we report the chemical modification of a polysaccharide extracted from a. brasiliensis mycelia to obtain its sulfated derivative (mi-s), which presented a promising inhibitory activity against hsv-1 [kos and 29r (acyclovir-resistant) strains] and ... | 2011 | 21787804 |
| the association between infection burden in iranian patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. | aim: to evaluate the association of ischemic heart disease (ihd) with the number of pathogens (infection burden) among individuals with infection. methods: a total of 120 patients with ihd as the acute myocardial infarction (ami; n=60) or unstable angina (ua; n=60) group and 60 healthy subjects with sex- and age-matched as control group were enrolled in this study. serum samples of all participants were tested for the presence of antibodies to helicobacter pylori (h. pylori), cytomegalovirus (cm ... | 2011 | 21785173 |
| benzylidene-bis-(4-hydroxycoumarin) and benzopyrano-coumarin derivatives: synthesis, 1h/13c-nmr conformational and x-ray crystal structure studies and in vitro antiviral activity evaluations. | we report on the synthesis of 4-hydroxycoumarin dimers 1-15 bearing an aryl substituent on the central linker and fused benzopyranocoumarin derivatives 16-20 and on their in vitro broad anti-dna and rna virus activity evaluations. the chemical identities and structure of compounds 1-20 were deduced from their homo- and heteronuclear nmr measurements whereas the conformational properties of 5, 14 and 20 were assessed by the use of 1d difference noe enhancements. unequivocal proof of the stereostr ... | 2011 | 21772234 |
| a heat shock protein based polyvalent vaccine targeting hsv-2: cd4(+) and cd8(+) cellular immunity and protective efficacy. | efforts to develop a subunit vaccine against genital herpes have been hampered by lack of knowledge of the protective antigens of hsv-2, the causative agent of the disease. vaccines based either on selected antigens or attenuated live virus approaches have not demonstrated meaningful clinical activity. we present here results of a therapeutic vaccine candidate, herpv (formerly called ag-707), consisting of 32 hsv-2 peptides derived from 22 hsv-2 proteins, complexed non-covalently to the hsp70 ch ... | 2011 | 21767588 |
| [antiviral activity of 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride-modified ovalbumin against herpes simplex virus 2 in vitro]. | to investigate the antiviral activity of 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride-modified ovalbumin (hp-ova) against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) in vitro. | 2011 | 21764688 |
| antiherpes activity of glucoevatromonoside, a cardenolide isolated from a brazilian cultivar of digitalis lanata. | cardiac glycosides, known ligands of the sodium pump, are widely used in the treatment of heart failure, such as digoxin and digitoxin. besides this important activity, other biological activities, such as the antiviral activity, have been described for this group. hsv are responsible for many infections of oral, ocular and genital regions. treatment with nucleoside analogs such as acyclovir is effective in most cases; however drug-resistance may arise due to prolonged treatment mainly in immuno ... | 2011 | 21763352 |
| pathologic and virologic characterization of neuroinvasion by hsv-2 in a mouse encephalitis model. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), a ubiquitous human pathogenassociated with genital infections, is neurotropic. it establishes latent infections in local dorsal root ganglia from which it reactivates causing recurrent lesions and frequent episodes of viral shedding. herpes simplex virus type 2 can also be transmitted from mother to child during birth, causing major neonatal complications including encephalitis. animal models of hsv-2 genital infection are well described and used for testing ... | 2011 | 21760533 |
| cmv and hsv-2 myeloradiculitis in an hiv infected patient. | while cmv myeloradiculitis is a known complication in aids patients with severe immunosuppression, hsv-2 necrotizing myeloradiculitis is rare and often associated with disabling a fatal outcome. we hereby describe a 46 year-old hiv infected patient with profound and sustained immunosuppression who presented with an acute ascending paraparesis and urinary retention. lumbar spine mri showed contrast enhancement at the conus medullaris and cauda equine, and both cmv and hsv-2 csf pcr were positive. ... | 2011 | 21755241 |
| acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity. | series of novel acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (anps) with various nucleobases and 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl (pee) chain bearing various substituents in ß-position to the phosphonate moiety were prepared. the influence of structural alternations on antiviral activity was studied. several derivatives exhibit antiviral activity against hiv and vaccinia virus (middle micromolar range), hsv-1 and hsv-2 (lower micromolar range) and vzv and cmv (nanomolar range), although the parent unbranched pee-a ... | 2011 | 21745746 |
| human herpesvirus 8 seropositivity among sexually active adults in uganda. | sexual transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) has been implicated among homosexual men, but the evidence for sexual transmission among heterosexual individuals is controversial. we investigated the role of sexual transmission of hhv8 in a nationally representative sample in uganda, where hhv8 infection is endemic and transmitted mostly during childhood. | 2011 | 21712983 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among female sex workers in shanghai, china. | a study with two cross-sectional surveys in two consecutive years was conducted in shanghai, china to examine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), syphilis and hiv among female sex workers (fsw). a total of 793 fsw participated in the survey, 382 in 2008 only, 382 in 2009 only, and 29 in both 2008 and 2009. the majority of them were less than 30 years and two-thirds were married. all were migrants and a half was from rural areas. some of them have stayed in shanghai and eng ... | 2011 | 21660749 |
| mollaret's meningitis and herpes simplex virus type 2 infections. | benign recurrent aseptic meningitis is a rare disorder described by mollaret in 1944. when initially described, this form of aseptic meningitis had no identifiable infecting agent. new sophisticated diagnostic tools have now identified herpes simplex type 2 virus as the most commonly isolated agent. antiviral treatment has been used successfully for prophylaxis and treatment. | 2011 | 21680663 |
| the risk factor profile of women with secondary infertility: an unmatched case-control study in kigali, rwanda. | secondary infertility is a common, preventable but neglected reproductive health problem in resource-poor countries. this study examines the association of past sexually transmitted infections (stis) including hiv, bacterial vaginosis (bv) and factors in the obstetric history with secondary infertility and their relative contributions to secondary infertility. | 2011 | 21702916 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 seroprevalence and incidence in acute and chronic hiv-1 infection. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) hiv co-infection is common and associated with increased risk of hiv transmission. hsv-2 seroprevalence was assessed on stored samples from baseline and one year follow-up from 81 patients identified with acute hiv infection and 81 age-matched chronically infected men. hsv-2 seroprevalence at baseline was lower for those with acute rather than chronic hiv-infection, 51.9 versus 71.6% (p = 0.01); relative risk 0.72 (95% confidence interval [ci] 0.57-0.92). sinc ... | 2011 | 21742810 |
| clinician and patient recognition of anogenital herpes disease in hiv positive men who have sex with men. | anogenital ulcers caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) are associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission. when compared with clinician examination, hiv/hsv-2 coinfected men who have sex with men are frequently unaware of anogenital ulcers. these data highlight the importance of condom use and the need for new hsv-2 prevention strategies. | 2011 | 21844739 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the diagnosis of retinitis caused by herpes simplex virus-1. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed for the detection of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1). the specificity of the assay was tested using dna extracted from hsv-1-infected rabbit corneal epithelium cultures, hsv-2 grown on vero cell line, cytomegalovirus (cmv) (ad-169), varicella zoster virus (vzv) (oka-vaccine), adenovirus, aspergillus flavus and staphylococcus aureus. the specificity of lamp was confirmed by bidirectional sequencing of the amplicons. the sensitivit ... | 2011 | 20298270 |
| seroprevalence of torch infections in women of childbearing age in croatia. | during 2005-2009, a seroepidemiological study was carried out in croatia to define the population susceptible to common torch agents among pregnant and non-pregnant women of childbearing age. the igg seroprevalence was 29.1% fort. gondii, 94.6% for rubella, 75.3% for cytomegalovirus (cmv), 78.7% for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), and 6.8% for hsv-2. acute toxoplasmosis and cmv infection (positive igm antibodies with low igg avidity) were documented in 0.25% and 0.09% women, respectively. i ... | 2011 | 20476874 |
| performance of commercial herpes simplex virus type-2 antibody tests using serum samples from sub-saharan africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | several commercial type-specific serologic tests are available for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). poor specificity of some tests has been reported on samples from sub-saharan africa. | 2011 | 20706175 |
| herpes simplex vegetans presenting as an eyelid mass. | a 16-year-old girl with congenital t-cell immunodeficiency presented with a 2-month history of an enlarging lower eyelid mass. after complete excision of the mass, the lesion was noted to recur. histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of the excised mass revealed infection with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with exuberant inflammatory reaction and granulation tissue consistent with the diagnosis of herpes simplex vegetans. treatment with valacyclovir resulted in complete resolution of t ... | 2011 | 20829726 |
| potent virucidal effect of pheophorbide a and pyropheophorbide a on enveloped viruses. | in this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of ethanol and aqueous extracts from a stem of opuntia ficus indica on replication of three kinds of viruses: two enveloped viruses [herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), influenza a virus (ifv-a)], and one non-enveloped virus [poliovirus type 1 (pv-1)]. only ethanol extract from the cactus stem showed significant antiviral activity in vitro. two chlorophyll derivatives, pheophorbide a and pyropheophorbide a, were isolated as active substances exh ... | 2011 | 20835849 |
| epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in rural and urban burkina faso. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection enhances human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) susceptibility and may increase sexual transmission, but few data on hsv-2 prevalence are available from west africa. the main objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and determinants of hsv-2 among adults in urban and rural burkina faso. | 2011 | 20838363 |
| the ribonucleotide reductase r1 subunits of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 protect cells against tnfα- and fasl-induced apoptosis by interacting with caspase-8. | we previously reported that hsv-2 r1, the r1 subunit (icp10; ul39) of herpes simplex virus type-2 ribonucleotide reductase, protects cells against apoptosis induced by the death receptor (dr) ligands tumor necrosis factor-alpha- (tnfα) and fas ligand (fasl) by interrupting dr-mediated signaling at, or upstream of, caspase-8 activation. further investigation of the molecular mechanism underlying hsv-2 r1 protection showed that extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (erk1/2), phosphatidylinositol 3-ki ... | 2011 | 21107701 |
| spectrum bias and loss of statistical power in discordant couple studies of sexually transmitted infections. | discordant couple studies are frequently used to evaluate preventive interventions for sexually transmitted infections (sti). this study design may be vulnerable to spectrum bias when transmission risk is heterogeneous. | 2011 | 20693935 |
| blood donors in kenya: a comparison of voluntary and family replacement donors based on a population-based survey. | blood safety and sufficiency are major challenges in kenya and other sub-saharan african countries forcing many countries to rely on family replacement donors (frd). we analysed data from a national aids indicator survey to describe blood donors in kenya and potential risks of transfusion transmissible infections (tti) comparing voluntary donors and frd. | 2011 | 20738836 |
| male circumcision and risk of hiv acquisition among msm. | to assess the association between male circumcision, insertive anal sex practices, and hiv acquisition in a cohort of msm. | 2011 | 21099672 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 suppressive therapy with acyclovir or valacyclovir does not select for specific hiv-1 resistance in hiv-1/hsv-2 dually infected persons. | recent in vitro studies suggest that acyclovir may directly inhibit hiv-1 replication and can select for a specific hiv-1 reverse transcriptase mutation (v75i) with concomitant loss of an anti-hiv-1 effect. we tested for hiv-1 genotypic resistance at reverse transcriptase codon 75 in plasma from 168 hiv-1-infected persons from botswana, kenya, peru, and the united states taking daily acyclovir or valacyclovir for between 8 weeks and 24 months. no v75i cases were detected (95% confidence interval ... | 2011 | 21148504 |
| recrudescent herpes labialis mimicking primary herpes labialis in pregnancy. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is prevalent worldwide. herpes labialis is caused predominantly by hsv-1, and herpes vulvo-vaginitis is caused predominantly by hsv-2. hsv-2 may result in significant morbidity and mortality for infected neonates exposed during delivery. due to this fact, a large amount of literature exists for hsv-2 but data for hsv -1 is scanty. | 2010 | 22558555 |
| population levels of psychological stress, herpesvirus reactivation and hiv. | nearly 40,000 americans are newly infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) each year. recently, studies have demonstrated associations between group-level characteristics and the prevalence and incidence of hiv/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and other sexually transmitted diseases. two mechanisms previously posited to explain these associations are neighborhood effects on risk behaviors and social or institutional policies. in this paper, we hypothesize that adversity at the ... | 2010 | 18264753 |
| prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection by penile site in uncircumcised kenyan men. | human papillomavirus (hpv) prevalence was estimated from 2,705 sexually active, uncircumcised, human immunodeficiency virus seronegative men aged 17-28 years in kisumu, kenya. hpv prevalence was 51.1% (95% confidence interval: 49.2-53.0%) in penile cells from the glans/coronal sulcus and/or shaft. hpv prevalence varied by anatomical site, with 46.5% positivity in the glans/coronal sulcus compared with 19.1% in the shaft (p < 0.0001). high-risk hpv was detected in 31.2% of glans and 12.3% of shaf ... | 2010 | 19626601 |
| chromatin assembly on herpes simplex virus genomes during lytic infection. | the human herpes simplex viruses hsv-1 and hsv-2 infect a significant portion of the human population. both viruses can undergo lytic infection in epithelial cells and establish lifelong latency in neuronal cells. the large hsv-1 dna genomes have long been considered to be devoid of histones both inside the virion particle and inside the cell during lytic infection, but to be packaged in repressive chromatin during latency. however, recent reports indicate that many histone and non-histone chrom ... | 2010 | 19682614 |
| perceptions of couple hiv counseling and testing in botswana: a stakeholder analysis. | to explore stakeholder's perceptions of couples hiv counseling and testing (chct) as opposed to individual testing and potential couples' preferences for chct promotion and service provision. | 2010 | 19682831 |
| mechanism of herpes simplex virus type 2 suppression by propolis extracts. | genital herpes caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a chronic, persistent infection spreading efficiently and silently as sexually transmitted disease through the population. antiviral agents currently applied for the treatment of herpesvirus infections include acyclovir and derivatives. aqueous and ethanolic extracts of propolis were phytochemically analysed, different polyphenols, flavonoids and phenylcarboxylic acids were identified as major constituents. the aqueous propolis extr ... | 2010 | 19682876 |