Publications

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[proceedings: 351. lateral spread of adaptational signals between the rods in the carp retina (author's transl)]. 20144799912
[reaction of horizontal cells of carp retina during ouabain inhibition of k-na-activated atpase]. 20144247694
[experimental modification of the seasonal sensitivity to adrenalin in a fresh water teleost, the carp, (cyprinus carpio l.). influence of the contribution of hypophyseal extracts]. 20135725948
[action of adrenaine and noradrenaline on the thin heart of the pike esox lucius (l.) and of the carp cyprinus carpio (l.)]. 20135584623
[action of adrenalin on the heart rate of the common carp: effect of the temperature of the medium on the intensity of the reaction]. 20135951228
[parasympathetic role in heart regulation in the common carp]. 20136064161
[demonstration in the carp of the role of the vagus nerve in the genesis of the aero-cardiac phenomenon]. 201314126901
[influence of adrenaline on respiratory mechanics in the common carp]. 201314219856
[poisoning by lead nitrate in the carp (cyprinus carpio l.). localization of the pollutant in the organism]. 20134410423
[intensity of carbon dioxide fixation in the tissues of carp depending on the environmental temperature].according to the level of carbon dioxide fixation at the incubation temperature at 20 degrees c the organs under study are arranged as follows: liver, kidneys, glandular system of gills, spleen, myocardium, gastrointestinal tract, skeletal muscles. 20 degrees c is the most optimal temperature for the processes of carboxylation in the fish.20131021919
effect of colchicine and prednisolone upon the peptidergic neurosecretory product in cyprinus carpio l.after a treatment with physiological doses of colchicine and prednisolone, the rapid transport of the neurosecretory granules in the preoptico-neurohypophyseal tract of cyprinus carpio l. is blocked. this fact is manifested by the accumulation of neurosecretory granules and of hering's bodies at the level of fibres of preoptico-neurohypophyseal tract, and on the contrary, by the significant reduction of neurosecretory product in the nerve fibres of the neurohypophysis. the neurotubules which par ...2013134270
[the ionic permeability of cytoplasmic membranes during early carp (cyprinus carpio l.) embryogenesis].membrane potentials (mp) of the early embiogenesis in cyprinus carpio l. were studied. it is determined that during cleavage of the egg cell mp increases from 8.3 +/- +/- 2.1 mv (non-cleaving fertilized egg cell) to 47.5 +/- 4.1 mv (stage of the microcellular morula). the influence of sodium ions on mp gradually decreases. on the contrary, the influence of potassium ions grown considerably. potassium ions play the main part in formation of embrionic cells mp in the carp.2013945920
[effects of different toxic compounds (pb, cu, formol, nh4) on the carp: histologic changes in excretory and hematopoietic organs].here is a comparative study of the impairments observed on the histological structure of the excretory and hematopoietic organs of carps after acute intoxication (by formol and ammonia) and chronic intoxication (by copper sulfate and lead nitrate). although all these toxic substances induce the same type of impairments, their degree of seriousness vary. the most affected organs are the gills which present with congestive reactions and partial destruction of respiratory lamellae, and the spleen w ...20131204674
[isoenzymes of phosphorylase from skeletal muscles of cyclostomata and raw-boned fish].separation and partial purification of isoenzymes of phosphorylase b from skeletal muscles of lamprey (lampetra) and carp (cyprinus carpio) was carried out. isoenzyme i was adsorbed on deae cellulose and eluted by kcl; isoenzyme ii was not adsorbed on deae cellulose. a number of kinetic characteristics of phosphorylase of the coldblooded were determined, e. g. km values for glucose-1-phosphate, glycogen and amp; ki for glucose-6-phosphate; stability towards denaturation (heating and effect of ur ...20131112
[an anthelmintic for bothriocephaliasis in carp: n--2'-chlor-4'-nitrophenyl-5-chlorsalicylamide]. 20135761133
[corticotropic and melanophorotropic activities of pituitary extracts from 2 teleost fishes (carp and salmon). anatomical dissociation of these 2 activities]. 20134316950
[characteristics of acetylcholine esterase from carp brain]. 20135801330
[seasonal changes in the content of catecholamines and dopa in tissues of the carp cyrpinus carpio]. 20134647994
[atpase activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum of white skeletal muscle of carp]. 20134258221
[reversibility of strontium-90 and metaphos action on cyprinus carpio]. 2013693832
[relationship between the characteristics of the acid stimulus and the impulse activity of medulla oblongata neurons in cyprinus carpio carp].in experiments on immobilized carps, by means of extracellular recordings, studies have been made of the neuronal activity of the facial lobe in the medulla evoked by stimulation of skin chemoreceptors of the mouth opening with hydrochloric and cytric acids. responses of the neurons to these stimuli exhibit both similarities and differences. composing across-neuron patterns, some aspects of coding of quality and intensity of chemical stimulus in fish were elucidated. particularly it was shown th ...201317250
[proteinase activity in the early developmental stages of the carp, cyprinus carpio].embryonic and early postembryonic development of the carp is associated with an increase in the content of soluble proteins and nitrogen of non-protein nitrogenous components. simultaneously, the activity of trypsin-like and chemotrypsin-like peptide hydrolases increases together with the increase in the degree of proteolysis. these data suggest that the development of carp embryos and early larva is accompanied by intensification of two opposite processes--synthesis and catabolism of proteins. ...2013564588
[action of strontium-90 and metaphos on cyprinus carpio]. 2013635143
[isolation of the calcium-binding domain of carp parvalbumin].carp parvalbumin has two calcium-binding domains with a similar three-dimensional structure. using the tryptic hydrolysis at the arginine residue in position 75, it was possible to split off one calcium-binding domain. all lysine residues were protected by maleic groups which were removed at the final stage. the domain (with a peptide thirty-three residues) isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration does not have a secondary structure in a solution and is unable to bind calcium.2013618324
[effect of thyroxin on the functional state of the respiratory chain in liver mitochondria of the carp cyprinus carpio during acclimatization to changes in water temperature].it has been demonstrated that oxidative phosphorylation in liver mitochondria of the carps which were kept within a week at 5 and 25 degrees c remains unaffected by the addition of 0.5 micron thyroxin to the incubation medium. addition of thyroxin (0.5 micron) to mitochondrial suspension prepared from the liver of carps acclimated within a week at 20 and especially 25 degrees c, resulted in uncoupling of respiration and phosphorylation. daily injections of thyroxin within a week (2 mu kg per 1 g ...20133618015
[rhythmic activity of the endbrain in the carp evoked by adequate visual stimulation].in acute experiments on immobilized carps, under dark adaptation conditions, studies have been made on the electrical activity of the telencephalon and midbrain tectum. it was found that in the latter photostimulation evokes local rhythmic activity which includes fast (30-50 hz) phasic (200-300 ms) and slow (8-14 hz) tonic (up to 3-4 s) components. high rhythm of this activity may be observed only in "healthy" preparations, coinciding with on-rhythm in the midbrain tectum. low rhythm does not de ...20133673369
[formation of muscle proteins during freezing].the effect of different conditions on the formation and properties of cryogels prepared by the freezing-thawing procedure from suspensions and solutions of the carp (cyprinus carpio) myofibrillar proteins was studied. the freezing of water solutions and suspensions of the native myofibrillar proteins resulted in the formation of the structures mainly stabilized by non-covalent bonds. when muscle proteins were denatured prior to the freezing they formed the structures stabilized by both non-coval ...20132977439
spontaneous conversion of carp liver acpase i and some properties of its asialo-form.evidence is given for a spontaneous conversion of acpase i to a more basic form due to autolytic loss of sialic acid. to investigate whether the presence of sialic acid in the enzyme molecule is of any physiological significance some physico-chemical properties of an enzymatically obtained asialo-acpase i were studied. it has been shown that the asialo-form retained the properties of the native enzyme in respect to thermostability and ph-stability but modified slightly the hydrolytic activities ...20136537721
organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in commercial fish from the great lakes.fillets from 11 species of commercial fish from the great lakes were analyzed for residues of 39 polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners and 24 other organochlorine compounds. eel and trout contained the highest amount of pcb (753 and 633 ppb wet weight, respectively) and other organochlorines (607 and 1404 ppb, respectively); perch and carp contained the lowest residues. the penta- and hexachlorinated pcbs were the major congeners in all species except whitefish, in which the tetrachlorinated ...20138374320
effects of temperature on carp leukocyte mitogen-induced proliferation and nonspecific cytotoxic activity.the effect of environmental temperature on immune competence was investigated in carp subjected to abrupt changes in water temperature. the activity of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) against p815 target cells and the lymphoproliferation induced by pha and cona were evaluated. low in vivo temperature (12 +/- 0.5 degrees c) enhances ncc activity and decreases the mitogen effect of pha, respectively; by contrast high in vivo temperature (28 +/- 0.5 degrees c) is without effect on these parameter ...20137615141
technical evaluation of oxygen transfer rates of fish gills and artificial gills.an artificial gill, which takes oxygen from water, would enhance the ability of people to function under water for extended periods. increasing oxygen transfer rate, however, would be essential to the realization of compact, commercially viable equipment. fish have evolved a variety of techniques to enable them to breathe under water, and their mechanisms must be clarified before compact, high-performance artificial gills can be developed. a model of the secondary lamellae of fish gills, through ...201310445734
cortisol inhibits apoptosis in carp neutrophilic granulocytes.the direct effect of cortisol treatment on carp neutrophil viability was examined in vitro. cortisol treatment caused an inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis. the effect was blocked by glucocorticoid receptor blocker ru486, showing that rescue from apoptosis was receptor mediated. using binding studies with radioactive cortisol, a single class of glucocorticoid receptors was detected with high affinity (kd = 2.6 nm) and low capacity (497 receptors/cell) for cortisol binding. both in vitro and in v ...20139877437
cortisol induces apoptosis in activated b cells, not in other lymphoid cells of the common carp, cyprinus carpio l..in mammalian t and b cells glucocorticoids (gs) regulate development and selection through induction of apoptosis; more recently gs-induced apoptosis has also been implicated in the removal of circulating, activated t and b cells following an immune response. in an earlier report we have given the first evidence for cortisol-induced apoptosis as an immune regulator in an aquatic vertebrate, the common carp. here we report on subpopulation-specific sensitivity of carp peripheral blood leukocytes ...20139877436
functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery.copper sulfate is one of the most widely used algicides for the control of phytoplankton in lakes, reservoirs, and ponds. it is also used for aquatic weed control. to study the toxic effects of copper on carp (cyprinus carpio l.), toxicity tests were carried out. fish recovery in copper-free water was followed. after a 14-day period of exposure to five concentrations of copper sulfate (0.25-4.0 mg/l cuso4, values ranging from approximately 5 to 70% of the 96-h lc-50) and a recovery period of the ...20139626535
microcalorimetric study of the toxic effect of selenium on the mitochondrial metabolism of cyprinus carpio liver.the metabolic thermograms and heat output of mitochondria isolated from carp liver have been determined by using an lkb bioactivity monitor. the thermogram can be divided into four parts: the lag phase, active recovery phase, stationary phase, and decline phase. the thermokinetic equation was established for the active recovery and decline phase of metabolism as follows: dp/dt = k(m)p (1-sp). the rate constants k1 and k2 of two phases of active recovery and decline phase have been also calculate ...20139404680
two opposite effects of atp on the apparent sensitivity of the cgmp-gated channel of the carp retinal cone.effects of atp on the activity of cgmp-gated channels from carp cone photoreceptors were studied. in 29% of the patches examined (n = 45), atp (1 mm) enhanced a current evoked by cgmp (20 microm, up to about 100%), in 33%. atp suppressed it by up to about 90%, and in the remaining 38%, atp had no effect. atp showed similar effects on a current evoked by 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (2 microm, enhancing in 42% of the patches, suppressing in 25%, no effect in 33%, n = 12), suggestin ...20139278990
effects of n,n-dimethylnitrosamine (dmna) on in vitro oocyte maturation and embryonic development of fertilized eggs of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) kept in eutrophied ponds.toxic effects of n,n-dimethylnitrosamine (dmna) at doses of 100 or 500 micrograms l-1 on in vitro carp oocyte maturation (steroidogenesis), embryonic development and hatching of larvae (obtained as a result of artificial spawning of females kept for four seasons in normal and eutrophicated ponds) were investigated. there were no significant effects of dmna on oocyte maturation and steroidogenesis during 24 h of incubation. the dmna decreased the hatching of fertilized eggs derived from control f ...20138935790
effects and mechanisms of environmental temperature on carp (cyprinus carpio) anti-dnp antibody response and non-specific cytotoxic cell activity: a kinetic study.the effect of environmental temperatures on immune competence was investigated in carp which were subjected to changes in water temperature. the activity of non-specific cytotoxic cells (ncc) against p815 target cells, and the anti-dnp antibody response were evaluated until day 56 after transfer. low environmental temperature (12 +/- 0.5 degrees c) enhanced ncc activity and decreased antibody production. in contrast a high environmental temperature (28 +/- 0.5 degrees c) was without effect on th ...20139016387
different capacities of carp leukocytes to encounter nitric oxide-mediated stress: a role for the intracellular reduced glutathione pool.carp head kidney (hk) phagocytes can be stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (lps) to produce nitric oxide (no). high production of no can suppress the carp immune system. carp peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) are highly susceptible but hk phagocytes are relatively resistant to the immunosuppressive effects of no. this study demonstrates that the antioxidant glutathione plays an important role in the protection against nitrosative stress. carp hk phagocytes, especially the neutrophilic granulocytes ...201312697312
[increase in brain activity of the carp cyprinus carpio during visual deafferentation]. 201311898603
development of a fish in vitro cell culture model to investigate oxidative stress and its modulation by dietary vitamin e.when cultured in dulbecco's minimal essential medium the established epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell line from carp was found to be vitamin e-deficient due to the very low level of vitamin e in the medium and the foetal calf serum used as supplement. the toxicity of oxidative stressors to this cell line was evaluated by means of the neutral red cytotoxicity assay and it was found that an organic hydroperoxide, t-butylhydroperoxide was extremely cytotoxic and that the redox-cycling agents diqu ...201311460747
levels of cellular glutathione and metallothionein affect the toxicity of oxidative stressors in an established carp cell line.the comparative toxicity of a variety of oxidative stressors was studied in the epithelioma papulosum cyprini line from carp using the neutral red cytotoxicity assay. lc50's decreased in the order t-butylhydroperoxide > hydrogen peroxide > diquat > paraquat. the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide was significantly reduced when the cells were grown in l-15 medium rather than mem and this could be attributed to elevated cellular glutathione and metallothionein levels and higher activities of gsh-de ...201311460739
enhanced arbovirus surveillance with deep sequencing: identification of novel rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses in australian mosquitoes.viral metagenomics characterizes known and identifies unknown viruses based on sequence similarities to any previously sequenced viral genomes. a metagenomics approach was used to identify virus sequences in australian mosquitoes causing cytopathic effects in inoculated mammalian cell cultures. sequence comparisons revealed strains of liao ning virus (reovirus, seadornavirus), previously detected only in china, livestock-infecting stretch lagoon virus (reovirus, orbivirus), two novel dimarhabdov ...201324314645
metal-ion binding to parvalbumin. a 113cd-n.m.r. study of the binding of different lanthanide ions.113cd-n.m.r. studies were used to investigate the binding of the lanthanide ions la3+, gd3+, tb3+, yb3+ and lu3+ to parvalbumins. it was shown that lanthanide ions with a smaller ionic radius bind sequentially to cd2+-saturated parvalbumin, whereas those with a larger ionic radius bind with similar affinity to both the cd site and the ef site. the smallest ion, lu3+, does in fact not compete significantly with cd2+ for the cd site in carp parvalbumin, but appears to bind only to the ef site. thi ...20134004793
xenobiotic and endobiotic induction of mixed function monooxygenase in carp cyprinus carpio.3-methylcholanthrene (3-mc) significantly induces aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (ahh) activity in mature and juvenile cyprinus carpio of both sexes. the degree of induction of ahh by 3-mc in mature fish is significantly lower than that in juveniles and induction in mature males is significantly higher than in mature females. pretreatment with sex steroids (testosterone in males and estradiol in females) significantly reduces 3-mc-inducibility of ahh in both mature and juvenile fi ...20134048925
the respiratory function of gill filament muscles in the carp.the activity pattern of the adductor muscles of the gill filaments has been determined with e.m.g. techniques and analysed in relation to the activity of the respiratory pump muscles, the respiratory movements and the hydrostatic pressures in buccal and opercular cavities. the gill filament adductor muscles contract twice during a normal respiratory cycle. first during the transition from the contraction to the expansion phase and for a second time at the end of the expansion phase. these two co ...20134001607
[monoaminergic innervation of the kidney of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.)].by means of fluorescent-histochemical method distribution of monoaminergic structures has been studied in the sympatho-adrenal system of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.) mesonephros. catecholaminergic nervous fibers are revealed in the walls of adrenal and venous vessels and glomerular arterioles. in the glomerular capillaries they are not found. in the walls of the venous vessels, besides catecholamine-containing nervous fibers, chromaffin cells with long processes running along the vessel are obs ...20133741162
morphology and anatomy of the olfactory organs of a silver carp, hypophthalmichthys molitrix (val.). 20133653815
aquaculture in europe.the major aquatic species farmed in europe are atlantic salmon, rainbow trout and carp. eels, flat-fish, mussels, oysters and crayfish are also produced. northern europe, with more temperate climates, centers its production around the salmonidae; further south and east eels and various species of carp are farmed. farm systems vary from extensive fishing lakes to highly intensive tank units. drugs and chemicals appear to be reasonably available in europe to fish farmers. three antimicrobials are ...20133617445
lateral actions at the inner plexiform layer of the carp retina: effects of turning windmill pattern stimulus.lateral action from amacrine to ganglion cells was studied in the isolated carp retina by using a truncated windmill pattern (twp). about 25% of ganglion cells of both "on" and "off" center types were suppressed or enhanced in firing activity in response to twp turning. the suppressed cells were more sensitive to slow turning velocities of twp than the enhanced cells. in the "on-off" type amacrine cells, a steady depolarizing or hyperpolarizing component (less than several mv) was maintained by ...20134071996
a study on genetic variability of pathogenic aeromonas hydrophila strains and the varied responses of the strains towards phyto-extracts.the present study evaluated genetic variation in aeromonas hydrophila strains using pcr-rapd and their varied susceptibility to phyto-extract. four strains of aeromonas hydrophila isolated from skin infections of common freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio were characterized by various biochemical methods, physiological tests and pcr- rapd. antimicrobial activity of the leaf extracts of three medicinal plants, ocimum sanctum, adathoda vasica and calendula officinalis were tested against the four str ...201324511738
cadmium induces liver cell apoptosis through caspase-3a activation in purse red common carp (cyprinus carpio).caspase-3, the essential effector caspase, plays a pivotal role during caspase-dependent apoptosis. in this study, we isolated and characterized caspase-3a gene from common carp. the common carp caspase-3a comprising 273 amino acids showed 71.8% sequence similarity and 59.3% sequence identity to human caspase-3. it exhibited an evolutionarily conserved structure of mammalian caspase-3 genes, including a pro-domain, a large subunit, a small subunit and other motifs such as the pentapeptide active ...201324349509
the il-10 homologue encoded by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 is essential neither for viral replication in vitro nor for virulence in vivo.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), a member of the family alloherpesviridae, is the causative agent of a lethal disease in common and koi carp. cyhv-3 orf134 encodes an interleukin-10 (il-10) homologue. the present study was devoted to this orf. transcriptomic analyses revealed that orf134 is expressed as a spliced gene belonging to the early-late class. proteomic analyses of cyhv-3 infected cell supernatant demonstrated that the orf134 expression product is one of the most abundant proteins of th ...201323865540
effect of dietary supplemented andrographolide on growth, non-specific immune parameters and resistance against aeromonas hydrophila in labeo rohita (hamilton).the present study evaluated the effect of dietary andrographolide (ec 50%) on growth, non-specific immune parameters and disease resistance against aeromonas hydrophila infection in indian major carp, labeo rohita fingerlings. fishes were fed with formulated diet containing andrographolide as t0 (0.00%), t1 (0.05%), t2 (0.10%), t3 (0.20%), t4 (0.40%) and t5 (0.80%) for 42 days. fishes were challenged with a. hydrophila 42 days post feeding and relative percentage survival (rps) was recorded over ...201323973382
characterization and expression analysis of common carp cyprinus carpio tlr5m.tlr5 is responsible for the recognition of bacterial flagellin in vertebrates. in this study, we cloned the tlr5m gene of common carp using the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method. the tlr5m cdna was 3182 bp in length and contained a 2658-bp open reading frame, which encoded a protein of 885 amino acids (aa). the entire coding region of the tlr5m gene was successfully amplified from genomic dna and contained a single exon. the aa sequence of carp tlr5m showed the highest similarity (8 ...201323930591
dietary choline modulates immune responses, and gene expressions of tor and eif4e-binding protein2 in immune organs of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian).the present work evaluates the effects of various levels of dietary choline on immune parameters, immune-related gene expression and protection against aeromonas hydrophila (ah) in juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). fish were fed with six different experimental diets containing graded levels of choline at 165 (choline-deficient control), 310, 607, 896, 1167 and 1820 mg kg(-1) diet for 65 days. at the end of the feeding trail, fish were challenged with ah and mortalities were recorde ...201323774323
effects of dietary isoleucine on the immune response, antioxidant status and gene expression in the head kidney of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian).this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary isoleucine (ile) on the immune response, antioxidant status and gene expression in the head kidney of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). six semi-purified isonitrogenous diets (4.2, 7.0, 9.5, 11.9, 13.9 and 16.9 g ile kg(-1) diet) were fed to jian carp (6.9 ± 0.03 g) for 60 days. the results showed that ile supplementation improved the head kidney index, red and white blood cell counts, anti-hydroxyl radical capacity and th ...201323742869
establishment and characterization of a fin cell line from blunt snout bream, megalobrama amblycephala.this study established and characterized a new cell line (maf) from the fin of blunt snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala), a freshwater fish cultivated in china. maf cells proliferated well in medium 199 supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum at 28 °c and have been subcultured more than 95 times in almost a year. maf cells were revived at 90-95 % viability after 3-6 months of storage in liquid nitrogen. karyotyping indicated that the modal chromosome number of maf cells was 48. the maf cell ...201323532304
effects of mannan oligosaccharide on the physiological responses, hsp70 gene expression and disease resistance of allogynogenetic crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) under aeromonas hydrophila infection.we evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation with mannan oligosaccharide (mos) on the resistance to aeromonas hydrophi1a infection in allogynogenetic crucian carp. the fish were randomly divided into five groups: a control group was fed with basal diet, and four treatment groups fed with basal diet supplemented with 60, 120, 240, 480 mg/kg mos for 10 weeks, respectively. we then challenged the fish with a. hydrophi1a and recorded the mortality and the changes in serum cortisol, t3, t4, lys ...201323481213
evaluation of probiotic bacteria against aeromonads syndrome in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) in simple axenic larviculture.evaluation of probiotics, bacillus firmus and b. coagulans against aeromonas hydrophila in axenic common carp larviculture was conducted. the highest egg hatching rate was obtained from the axenic system + probiotic bacteria (ap) (98.33%), followed by axenic system (a) (96.67%); axenic system + probiotic + a. hydrophila (ac) (93.33%); non-axenic system (na) (93.33%); and axenic system + a. hydrophila (ah) (83.33%). 100% survival rate (sr) was obtained from all treatments, except ah (90%). the hi ...201325141734
draft genome sequence of aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes as03, an atypical strain isolated from crucian carp (carassius carassius) in the republic of korea.we present the draft genome sequence of aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes strain as03, an atypical a. salmonicida strain that causes erythrodermatitis in crucian carp (carassius carassius). this is the first genome sequence report of a. salmonicida subsp. achromogenes, one of the four subspecies of atypical a. salmonicida.201324092786
dietary β-glucan stimulate complement and c-reactive protein acute phase responses in common carp (cyprinus carpio) during an aeromonas salmonicida infection.the effect of β-glucans as feed additive on the profile of c-reactive protein (crp) and complement acute phase responses was studied in common carp cyprinus carpio after exposition to a bacterial infection with aeromonas salmonicida. carp were orally administered with β-glucan (macrogard®) for 14 days with a daily β-glucan intake of 6 mg per kg body weight. fish were then intraperitoneally injected with either pbs or 1 × 10⁸ bacteria per fish and sampled at time 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 ...201323291104
molecular cloning and expression analysis of two β-defensin genes in the blunt snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala).β-defensins are a group of cysteine-rich, cationic antimicrobial peptides that play important roles in innate immune system against pathogenic microbes invading. in this study, the part-length cdna sequences of two β-defensin genes (maβd-1, maβd-2) in blunt snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala) were identified. homology analysis showed that the cdna sequences of maβd-1 and maβd-2 had high similarities to those in common carp and zebrafish. real-time quantitative pcr results exhibited that expre ...201323876385
detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in association with an aeromonas sobria infection of carassius carassius (l.), in italy.sixteen specimens of female crucian carp, carassius carassius (l.), during the breeding season, were investigated for post-mortem and full diagnostic examination during a mortality outbreak in a tributary stream of the arno river in tuscany in 2011. necropsy highlighted the presence of a swollen anus and widespread haemorrhages in the body, fins, gills and eyes. haemorrhages in internal organs and spleen granulomas were also observed. bacteria isolated from the brain, kidney and spleen of affect ...201323488630
effect of coriolus versicolor polysaccharides on the hematological and biochemical parameters and protection against aeromonas hydrophila in allogynogenetic crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio).the effect of dietary intake of coriolus versicolor polysaccharides (cvp) on the hematological and biochemical indices of allogynogenetic crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) was investigated. fish were fed cvp supplemented diets (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 or 4.0 g cvp kg(-1)) for 56 days. the rbc, wbc counts, hemoglobin content, esr in blood and tp, alt, ast, alp, glu, cho, tg, and bun in serum were measured on day 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56. after feeding of 56 days, fish were infected with aeromo ...201322791194
[screening and body correlation analysis of microsatellite markers related to intermuscular bone number in common carp (cyprinus carpio)].in this study, 149 polymorphic markers were screened from 200 microsatellite markers. from a family of mirror carp, which included 107 individuals. all samples were analyzed for body correlation, and intermuscular bone number was tested using the general linear model (glm) single marker regression. determination of the threshold values by 10,000 permutation tests showed that eight markers had significant correlation (p<0.05), in which hlj3086, hlj3642 and hlj3515 had very significant correlation ...201323913892
[comparative study of vasomotor reactions of perfused gills of 2 teleosts: carp and conger]. 20134261496
functional and morphological correlates of amacrine cells in carp retina.experiments were conducted on isolated retinas of adult carp (cyprinus carpio) to investigate correlations between photoresponses and morphological features of amacrine cells. the fluorescence dye lucifer yellow ch was iontophoretically injected into single cells which had been characterized electrophysiologically. photoresponses were classified into two main types (transient on-off and sustained), which were further subgrouped into "fast" and "slow" on-off types and into on-center and off-cente ...20133601068
functional analysis of domain of unknown function (duf) 1943, duf1944 and von willebrand factor type d domain (vwd) in vitellogenin2 in zebrafish.vitellogenin (vg), the precursor of egg-yolk proteins in all oviparous organisms, shares a similar domain structure combination. in most cases, vg contains the vitellogenin_n domain, the domain of unknown function (duf) 1943, and the von willebrand factor type d domain (vwd), which are present in different forms of vg from both vertebrates and invertebrates. occasionally, a duf1944 domain is also present in between duf1943 and vwd in some vg proteins of vertebrates. recent studies have shown tha ...201323867754
the tapeworm atractolytocestus tenuicollis (cestoda: caryophyllidea)--a sister species or ancestor of an invasive a. huronensis?atractolytocestus tenuicollis (li, 1964) xi, wang, wu, gao et nie, 2009 is a monozoic, non-segmented tapeworm of the order caryophyllidea, parasitizing exclusively common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). in the current work, the first molecular data, in particular complete ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit i (cox1) on a. tenuicollis from niushan lake, wuhan, china, are provided. in order to evaluate molecular interrelationships within ...201323832640
novel seadornavirus (family reoviridae) related to banna virus in europe.banna virus, whose genome is composed of 12 segments of double-stranded rna, is a member of the genus seadornavirus in the family reoviridae and is thought to be an emerging mosquito-transmitted human pathogen in southeast asia. a novel phylogenetic relative of banna virus (balaton virus, balv, jx947843-jx947850 and kc522611-kc522612) was identified using viral metagenomics in the intestinal contents of freshwater carp (cyprinus carpio) in hungary. the amino acid sequence identity of balaton vir ...201323624680
laboratory validation of a lateral flow device for the detection of cyhv-3 antigens in gill swabs.cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3) induces the highly contagious koi herpesvirus disease (khvd) and may result in significant economic losses to the ornamental and food-producing carp industry. suspicion of khvd is triggered by clinical signs and confirmed using laboratory techniques. the latter are labour- and time-consuming, require specialised equipment and trained personnel. for rapid, on-site detection of cyhv-3, a lateral flow device (lfd) was developed using two monoclonal antibodies directe ...201323896022
the primary culture of mirror carp snout and caudal fin tissues and the isolation of koi herpesvirus.the explosive koi herpesvirus (khv) epidemic has caused the deaths of a large number of carp and carp variants and has produced serious economic losses. the mirror carp (cyprinus carpio var. specularis) exhibits strong environmental adaptability and its primary cells can be used to isolate khv. this study utilized the tissue explant method to systematically investigate primary cell culture conditions for mirror carp snout and caudal fin tissues. we demonstrated that cells from these two tissue t ...201323893087
cyhv-3: the third cyprinid herpesvirus.common carp (including ornamental koi carp) cyprinus carpio l. are ecologically and economically important freshwater fish in europe and asia. c. carpio have recently been endangered by a third cyprinid herpesvirus, known as cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3), the etiological agent of koi herpesvirus disease (khvd), which causes significant morbidity and mortality in koi and common carp. clinical and pathological signs include epidermal abrasions, excess mucus production, necrosis of gill and inter ...201323872859
epidemiology of cyprinid herpesvirus-3 infection in latently infected carp from aquaculture.cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3, koi herpesvirus, khv) is the causative agent of an economically important disease in carp. the mode of transmission of this virus, especially how the infectious agent is introduced into ponds de novo, is not known in detail. the aim of this study was to investigate the shedding of cyhv-3 from fish with latent infections, under aquaculture conditions. ponds in saxony, germany, with latently infected carp were examined at different times during the production cycle ...201323872854
evidence for two koi herpesvirus (khv) genotypes in south korea.the geographic distribution of koi herpesvirus (khv) has recently been analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr, based on the alleles of 3 domains) and sequence analysis using 3 regions of khv genomic dna (sphi-5, 9/5, and the thymidine kinase gene). in this study, samples from 6 carp showing symptoms of khv infection in 2008 were examined for the presence of khv by using pcr and cell culture isolation methods. khv was detected in 2 (pyeongtaek and buan) of the samples. sequence analysis revea ...201323759557
characterization of a novel cell line from the caudal fin of koi carp cyprinus carpio.a continuous cell line (kf-101) derived from the caudal fin of the koi carp cyprinus carpio was established and characterized. the kf-101 cell line multiplied abundantly in leibovitz's l-15 medium containing 10% foetal bovine serum at 25° c, and was subcultured for >90 passages over a period of 3 years. immunocytochemistry revealed that the kf-101 cells contain keratin, junction proteins connexin-43 and occludin, and ectodermal stem-cell marker pax-6, but not vimentin. furthermore, the kf-101 ce ...201323731143
spring viraemia of carp (svc) in the uk: the road to freedom.spring viraemia of carp (svc) is a disease of international importance that predominantly affects cyprinid fish and can cause significant mortality. in the united kingdom (uk), svc was first detected in 1977 with further cases occurring in fisheries, farms, wholesale and retail establishments throughout england and wales (but not scotland, where few cyprinid populations exist, nor northern ireland where svc has never been detected) over the subsequent 30 years. following a control and eradicatio ...201323597621
identifying the viral genes encoding envelope glycoproteins for differentiation of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 isolates.cyprinid herpes virus 3 (cyhv-3) diseases have been reported around the world and are associated with high mortalities of koi (cyprinus carpio). although little work has been conducted on the molecular analysis of this virus, glycoprotein genes identified in the present study seem to be valuable targets for genetic comparison of this virus. three envelope glycoprotein genes (orf25, 65 and 116) of the cyhv-3 isolates from the usa, israel, japan and korea were compared, and interestingly, sequence ...201323435236
antibody screening identifies 78 putative host proteins involved in cyprinid herpesvirus 3 infection or propagation in common carp, cyprinus carpio l.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is the aetiological agent of a serious and notifiable disease afflicting common and koi carp, cyprinus carpio l., termed koi herpesvirus disease (khvd). significant progress has been achieved in the last 15 years, since the initial reports surfaced from germany, usa and israel of the cyhv-3 virus, in terms of pathology and detection. however, relatively few studies have been carried out in understanding viral replication and propagation. antibody-based affinity ha ...201323347276
intestinal barrier of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) during a cyprinid herpesvirus 3-infection: molecular identification and regulation of the mrna expression of claudin encoding genes.as a major part of tight junctions in the intestinal epithelium of vertebrates, claudin proteins are crucial to develop a selective permeable function and to maintain integrity of the barrier. the intestine has been reported as one of the targeted tissue of the cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) or koi herpesvirus (khv) which causes major disease problems in carp production worldwide. to analyse the impact of the disease on the epithelial barrier of the intestine, carp claudin encoding genes were c ...201323194746
cyprinid herpesvirus 3 infection disrupts the skin barrier of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3) is recognised as a pathogen which causes mass mortality in populations of carp, cyprinus carpio. one of the characteristic symptoms of the disease associated with cyhv-3 infection is the occurrence of skin lesions, sloughing off the epithelium and a lack of mucus. furthermore, fish then seem to be more susceptible to secondary infections by bacterial, parasitic or fungal pathogens which may cause further mortality within the population. the observed pathological a ...201323182910
analysis of koi herpesvirus latency in wild common carp and ornamental koi in oregon, usa.koi herpesvirus (khv) infection is associated with high mortalities in both common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) and koi carp (cyprinus carpio koi) worldwide. although acute infection has been reported in both domestic and wild common carp, the status of khv latent infection is largely unknown in wild common carp. to investigate whether khv latency is present in wild common carp, the distribution of khv latent infection was investigated in two geographically distinct populations of wild common c ...201323174162
emergence of fatal european genotype cyhv-3/khv in mainland china.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (khv), is a highly infectious causative agent to common carp and koi worldwide. the virus is mainly consisted of european and asian genotype isolates. to date, no european genotype cyhv-3 has been found emerging in the east and southeast asian regions. in late march 2011, an outbreak of cyhv-3 disease occurred in guangzhou city, guangdong province, china, resulting in the deaths of approximately 200 large-sized adult koi within four ...201323146169
do wild fish species contribute to the transmission of koi herpesvirus to carp in hatchery ponds?the koi herpesvirus (khv) has spread worldwide since its discovery in 1998 and causes disease and mortality in koi and common carp populations with a high impact on the carp production industry. many investigations have been conducted to examine ways of distribution and to identify possible transmission vectors. the answers, however, raise many new questions. in the present study, different wild fish species taken from carp ponds with a history of khv infection were examined for their susceptibi ...201323121232
adaptive immune response to edwardsiella tarda infection in ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii.edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. although cell-mediated immunity and innate immunity play a major role in protection against intracellular bacterial infection in mammals, their importance in protecting fish against e. tarda infection remain unclear. in this study, we examined cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) after e. tarda infection. innate immunity was observed to be the princip ...201323489657
direct antibacterial activity of cd8+/cd4+ t-cells in ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii.cytotoxic t cells (ctls) constitute an important component of the specific effector mechanism in killing against microbial-infected or transformed cells. in addition to these activities, recent studies in mammals have suggested that ctls can exhibit direct antimicrobial activity. therefore, the present investigation was conducted to find out the microbicidal activity of cd8α(+) t cells of ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. the cd8α(+) t cells from immunised ginbuna exhibited th ...201323089524
inactivation of koi-herpesvirus in water using bacteria isolated from carp intestines and carp habitats.since its first outbreak in japan in 2003, koi-herpesvirus (khv) remains a challenge to the carp cyprinus carpio l. breeding industry. in this study, inactivation of khv in water from carp habitats (carp habitat water) was investigated with the aim of developing a model for rapidly inactivating the pathogen in aquaculture effluent. experiments with live fish showed that, in carp habitat water, khv lost its infectivity within 3 days. indications were that inactivation of khv was caused by the ant ...201324102339
cyprinid herpesvirus 3: an interesting virus for applied and fundamental research.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), a member of the family alloherpesviridae is the causative agent of a lethal, highly contagious and notifiable disease in common and koi carp. the economic importance of common and koi carp industries together with the rapid spread of cyhv-3 worldwide, explain why this virus became soon after its isolation in the 1990s a subject of applied research. in addition to its economic importance, an increasing number of fundamental studies demonstrated that cyhv-3 is an o ...201324073814
detection of novel strains of cyprinid herpesvirus closely related to koi herpesvirus.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) or koi herpesvirus (khv) is a devastating virus of carp. using generic primers for the dna polymerase and the major capsid protein genes of cyprinid herpesviruses, nucleotide sequences divergent from previously described cyhv-3 were obtained. at least 3 novel groups of putative cyhv-3-like viruses were identified, sharing 95 to 98% nucleotide identity with cyhv-3 strains. carp carrying the cyhv-3 variants did not show clinical signs consistent with cyhv-3 infectio ...201324334353
a model to approximate lake temperature from gridded daily air temperature records and its application in risk assessment for the establishment of fish diseases in the uk.ambient water temperature is a key factor controlling the distribution and impact of disease in fish populations, and optimum temperature ranges have been characterised for the establishment of a number important aquatic diseases exotic to the uk. this study presents a simple regression method to approximate daily average surface water temperature in lakes of 0.5-15 ha in size across the uk using 5 km(2) gridded daily average air temperatures provided by the uk meteorological office. a geographi ...201322862828
16s rrna pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of oral lactobacillus casei group and their phenotypic appearances.this study aimed to develop a 16s rrna pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) to identify the species level of lactobacillus casei group and to investigate their characteristics of acid production and inhibitory effect. pcr-dgge has been developed based on the 16s rrna gene, and a set of hda-1-gc and hda-2, designed at v2-v3 region, and another set of carp-1-gc and carp-2, designed at v1 region, have been used. the bacterial strains included l. casei atcc 393, l. paracasei ccug 32212 ...201324191230
pouchitis: what every gastroenterologist needs to know.pouchitis is the most common complication among patients with ulcerative colitis who have undergone restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. pouchitis is actually a spectrum of diseases that vary in etiology, pathogenesis, phenotype, and clinical course. although initial acute episodes typically respond to antibiotic therapy, patients can become dependent on antibiotics or develop refractory disease. many factors contribute to the course of refractory pouchitis, such as the ...201323602818
establishment, characterization and viral susceptibility of two cell lines derived from leopard wrasse macropharyngodon geoffroy.two new fish cell lines were established from skin (lwsk) and fin (lwfn) of leopard wrasse macropharyngodon geoffroy. these cells grew optimally at 25° c in leibovitz-15 medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum. proliferation of m. geoffroy cells remained serum dependent up to cell passage 16, and cell-plating efficiency ranged from 12 to 16%. karyotypic analysis of these new cell lines at cell passage 8 indicated that both cell lines remained diploid with a peak chromosomal count of 144 ...201323991874
fish tapeworm khawia sinensis: an indicator of environmental microcystins?parasites have recently been recognized as accumulation indicators that take up and bio-concentrate substances from environmental pollution. interestingly, helminths of fish are known to accumulate metals from the ambient environment and to contain several orders of magnitude higher concentrations than hosts. while the majority of reports mention inorganic toxin accumulation in parasites, studies concerning effects of organic pollution are infrequent and little is known about the potential of pa ...201324362088
cytocomposition of the vitellarium in khawia sinensis hsü, 1935 (cestoda, caryophyllidea, lytocestidae): another caryophyllidean species with lamellar bodies and lipids.the vitellarium of the invasive caryophyllidean tapeworm khawia sinensis hsü, 1935 from carp cyprinus carpio l. was examined by means of transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining for glycogen with periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate (pa-tsc-sp). a vitellarium consists of numerous follicles of irregular size that are interconnected by a net of vitelline ducts. vitelline follicles are composed of vitelline cells at various stages of development that are interconnecte ...201323749090
anti-platelet-activating factor, antibacterial, and antiradical activities of lipids extract from silver carp brain.epidemiological studies have verified the protective role of fish lipids in cardiovascular diseases. however, the effects of fish lipids on health boost remain undefined. large amounts of by-products, such as fish brain which contains high level of lipids, are produced with silver carp processing. fish brain is rich in bioactive lipids which are overwhelmingly effective in preventing cardiovascular diseases. the aim of this study was to elucidate the pharmacological activities of silver carp bra ...201323805935
sensitivity of common carp, cyprinus carpio l., strains and crossbreeds reared in the czech republic to infection by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3; khv). 201323009156
medaka haploid embryonic stem cells are susceptible to singapore grouper iridovirus as well as to other viruses of aquaculture fish species.viral infection is a challenge in high-density aquaculture, as it leads to various diseases and causes massive or even complete loss. the identification and disruption of host factors that viruses utilize for infection offer a novel approach to generate viral-resistant seed stocks for cost-efficient and sustainable aquaculture. genetic screening in haploid cell cultures represents an ideal tool for host factor identification. we have recently generated haploid embryonic stem (es) cells in the la ...201323828270
effects of a dietary β-(1,3)(1,6)-d-glucan supplementation on intestinal microbial communities and intestinal ultrastructure of mirror carp (cyprinus carpio l.).to assess the effects of dietary saccharomyces cerevisiae β-(1,3)(1,6)-d-glucan supplementation (macrogard(®)) on mirror carp (cyprinus carpio l.) intestinal microbiota and ultrastructure of the enterocyte apical brush border.201323889777
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