Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [alterations of the sympathetic activity, plasma catecholamine content and pulmonary surfactant in neurogenic pulmonary edema in rats]. | neurogenic pulmonary edema (npe) was induced by microinjection of kainic acid into bilateral preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus in rats. sympathetic discharge of the left adrenal branch was recorded, plasma catecholamine (ca) was assayed and the physical properties of pulmonary surfactant (ps) of the lung lavage were measured. the results showed that some physical properties of ps were changed in npe, i.e. maximal surface tension (gamma max) decreased, minimum surface tension (gamma min) in ... | 1990 | 2278007 |
| anatomical segregation of two cortical visual pathways in the macaque monkey. | a number of lines of evidence suggest that, in the macaque monkey, inferior parietal and inferotemporal cortices process different types of visual information. it has been suggested that visual information reaching these two subdivisions follows separate pathways from the striate cortex through the prestriate cortex. we examined directly this possibility by placing injections of the retrograde fluorescent tracers, fast blue and diamidino yellow, in inferior parietal and inferotemporal cortex and ... | 1990 | 2278934 |
| aromatase activity in adult guinea pig brain is androgen dependent. | androgen metabolism in target tissues constitutes an important step for understanding hormone action. the in situ aromatization of androgen represents one of these metabolic events. we characterized aromatase activity (aa) in a microsomal preparation of brain tissue from adult guinea pigs since earlier reports questioned its presence in neural tissues of this species. analyses revealed an apparent substrate affinity (approximately 17 nm) that was equivalent in adult males and females. however, a ... | 1990 | 2289019 |
| [peripheral arterial occlusive disease in old age: the role of leukocytes]. | transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcpo2), the unfractionated leukocyte filterability rate (ulfr), and plasma oxydant activity (poa) were monitored during a standard treadmill exercise test (2 km/h, 12 degrees slope) in two groups of stage-ii peripheral vascular disease patients: one middle-aged group with an average age of 55 +/- 3 s.d. years, the other group elderly (average age 68 +/- 4 s.d. years). the results were compared to a healthy control group of 20 volunteers (average age 52 +/- 4 s.d. ... | 1990 | 2291305 |
| increased gabaergic transmission in medial hypothalamus facilitates lordosis but has the opposite effect in preoptic area. | the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) in mediation of lordosis in the rat has been unclear. we report here that gaba plays a dual role in the mediation of lordosis and has differential effects in the medial hypothalamus (mh) and preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus continuum (poa-ah). bilateral infusion of the gabaa antagonist bicuculline into the mh of cannulated females primed with estradiol benzoate and progesterone (eb + p) resulted in a marked and transient inhibition of ongoing lordosi ... | 1990 | 2302578 |
| growth and reproductive performance of ewe lambs fed corn or soybean meal while grazing pasture. | in a 2-yr study a total of 120 suffolk and suffolk-cross ewe lambs, approximately 3 mo of age, were assigned within weight strata to one of three treatments: 1) control, pasture only (c), 2) .09 kg soybean meal/(hd.d) (sbm) plus pasture or 3) .45 kg whole shelled corn/(hd.) plus pasture to compare growth and reproductive performance and to determine lamb selectivity of forage quality and type. each year, supplements were offered from june through the 3rd wk in november. ewe lambs were managed as ... | 1990 | 2303397 |
| effects of vasocon-a in the allergen challenge model of acute allergic conjunctivitis. | the ophthalmic combination product of 0.05% naphazoline hydrochloride and 0.5% antazoline phosphate (vasocon-a) was evaluated as an antiallergic agent in 100 subjects with a known allergic history to cat dander, ragweed, or bluegrass pollen. three independent study sites were used. the allergen challenge model of acute allergic conjunctivitis was selected to assess the agent as it provided a standardized and precise way to measure drug effectiveness for this indication. in a double-masked random ... | 1990 | 2322153 |
| termination of the hormone-sensitive period for differentiation of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in male and female rats. | the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) in the rat brain is several-fold larger in males than in females. the volume of the sdn-poa can be influenced significantly by the hormone milieu during early postnatal life. the purpose of the present study was to identify when termination of the sensitive period occurs during which exogenous androgen administration influences sdn-poa volume in males gonadectomized on the first day of postnatal life (fales) or intact fe ... | 1990 | 2331785 |
| cloning, characterisation and expression of vitellogenin gene of oreochromis aureus (teleostei, cichlidae). | cdna synthesised from liver poly a+ rna of estradiol-stimulated male oreochromis aureus was ligated to ptz-19r and transformed into e. coli. tg-1 to yield 6 x 10(4) clones/ug dna, of which 6% was vitellogenin positive. restriction maps indicate 4 possible subgroups of vitellogenin cdna, with homology, observed by southern hybridisation, at a fragment flanked by pst 1 sites. when the amino acid sequence derived from the dna sequence of poa vg 62 was aligned with that of s. gairdneri, x. laevis, c ... | 1990 | 2353928 |
| facilitation of sexual receptivity in hamsters by simultaneous progesterone implants into the vmh and ventral mesencephalon. | intracranial implantation experiments have shown that the ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh) is the most sensitive site for the facilitation of female sexual behavior by progesterone in estrogen-primed rats. however, similar implantation techniques have been much less successful in hamsters. several lines of evidence indicate that both hypothalamic and midbrain structures are important for hamster lordosis. therefore we compared the effect of progesterone (p) implants administered simultaneously to ... | 1990 | 2365298 |
| sexually dimorphic areas in the brain of whiptail lizards. | the whiptail lizard species cnemidophorus inornatus exhibits sexually dimorphic mating behaviors. we report that complementary sexual dimorphisms exist in two hypothalamic regions in male and female c. inornatus. the anterior hypothalamus-preoptic area (ah-poa), which is involved in male-typical mounting and intromission behaviors, is larger in males. the ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh), which controls female-typical receptivity, is larger in females. the all-female whiptail lizard cnemidophorus ... | 1990 | 2285854 |
| intracellular recording of rat neuron activity at the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus using triangular wave microelectrode oscillation. | a triangular wave microelectrode oscillating apparatus was constructed to evaluate an intracellular recording of rat neuron activity in the medial preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus. in this apparatus, electrodes passed a current with a frequency of 1.0 to 1.8 khz and a voltage of 2.2 to 3.2 v and produced micro-oscillation of the electrode tip. the electrode was inserted into a neuron of the rat poa in vivo. in vivo recording of the activity of the rat poa neuron was possible. by means of ... | 1990 | 2287122 |
| [the influences of morphine microinjected into preoptic area on electric activities of pain response neurons in parafascicular nucleus of thalamus in rat]. | we have observed the influences of opioid-like substances in preoptic area (poa) on the electric activities of pain response neurons in parafascicular nucleus of thalamus (pf). the results were as follows: 1. morphine 10 micrograms/microliters or 1 micrograms/microliters microinjected into poa could remarkably inhibit the pain discharges of most (20/26, 19/23 respectively) pain excitatory neurons (pen) in pf. the frequency of evoked discharges was decreased nd the duration was shortened. after i ... | 1990 | 2293371 |
| neural responses to antigenic challenges and immunomodulatory factors. | in studies designed to examine the effects of the immune system, recordings of multi-unit electrical activity (mua) in the central nervous system were made in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah) and paraventricular nucleus (pvn) of rats, following sheep red blood cell (srbc) immunization. peak increases in poa/ah mua were observed on the fifth day following srbc sensitization, the day on which serum antibodies were first detected. a significant increase in paraventricular nucleus (p ... | 1990 | 2399739 |
| testosterone regulates progonadotropin-releasing hormone levels in the preoptic area and basal hypothalamus of the male rat. | gnrh is synthesized as part of a larger 92-amino acid prohormone (pro-gnrh). in the present study, we examined the effect of gonadectomy and hormone replacement on the processing of pro-gnrh to gnrh in adult male rats. immunoreactive levels of pro-gnrh and gnrh in acid extracts of preoptic area (poa) and basal hypothalamus (bh) from intact, castrate, and testosterone (t)-treated castrate males were quantified by ria. in addition, we used immunocytochemistry to detect pro-gnrh-and gnrh-positive n ... | 1990 | 2404741 |
| cytosol and nuclear estrogen receptor binding in the preoptic area and hypothalamus of female rats during pregnancy and ovariectomized, nulliparous rats after steroid priming: correlation with maternal behavior. | in a previous study, high nuclear estrogen receptor concentrations in the preoptic area (poa) were found on day 16 of pregnancy to prime females to respond to a subsequent low dose of estradiol benzoate (eb) after hysterectomy-ovariectomy by exhibiting maternal behavior in 48 hr. receptor concentrations in the poa were found to be higher than those in the hypothalamus (hyp). the present study investigated when nuclear estrogen receptors increase during pregnancy in poa and when the difference in ... | 1990 | 2365302 |
| effects of castration and testosterone treatment on the activity of testosterone-metabolizing enzymes in the brain of male and female zebra finches. | recently, we described the distribution of testosterone-metabolizing enzymes (i.e., aromatase, 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductases) in the zebra finch (taeniopygia guttata) brain using a sensitive radioenzyme assay combined to the palkovits punch method. a number of sex-differences in the activity of these enzymes were observed especially in nuclei of the song-control system. the hormonal controls of these differences have now been analyzed by gonadectomizing birds of both sexes and by giving them a ... | 1990 | 2394994 |
| ontogeny of the sexually dimorphic male nucleus in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus of ferrets and its manipulation by gonadal steroids. | a sexually dimorphic nucleus exists in the dorsal region of the ferret preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (poa/ah), and is called the male nucleus of the poa/ah (mn-poa/ah) because it is found only in males. development of the mn-poa/ah was studied in male ferrets, and for comparison a sexually nondimorphic ventral poa/ah nucleus was studied in both sexes. the mn-poa/ah was conspicuous in males as early as embryonic day 37 (e37) of a 41-day gestation, and its volume increased until postnatal da ... | 1990 | 2077101 |
| serum tumor markers for pancreatic carcinoma. | various biochemical substances are being evaluated for use as serum tumor markers of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. the currently established markers, ca 19-9 and poa, have an important but limited role in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. the role could be expanded if the specificity of these tests for pancreatic cancer could be increased, and this may be possible for each of these tests if several recent findings can be confirmed. most of the new tumor markers are blood-group-related sub ... | 1990 | 2100561 |
| two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analyses of kentucky bluegrass and rye grass pollen allergens. detection with a murine monoclonal anti-poa p i antibody and amino terminal amino acid sequence of poa p i allergen. | allergenic extracts of kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) and rye grass (lolium perenne) pollen were shown by 2-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis to consist of several hundred protein components. the pollen extracts of the two related grasses had unique 2-d gel patterns. two major grass pollen allergens, poa p i and lol p i, and their isoforms (i.e. isoallergens) were detected and localized on 2-d gels by immunoblotting with anti-poa p i antibody mab 60. poa p i isoallergens were less acidic ... | 1990 | 2101126 |
| a biophysical study of posttraumatic ectopic ossification. a case report. | sites of ectopic ossification (eo) due to sports injury in a long-distance runner were biopsied and analyzed. the mineral content was compared to that of normal adult bone and to paraosteoarthropathy (poa) using biophysical methods. the degree of mineralization of bone tissue (dmbt) was employed as an evaluation of maturity of calcified tissue. fluoride and carbonate content were determined. the crystal lattice dimensions expressed by the a and c parameters, crystal size, and/or lattice perfecti ... | 1990 | 2112077 |
| circulating estradiol and the activation of male and female copulatory behavior in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | previous experiments using systemic and preoptic area (poa) hormone treatments have shown that aromatization of testosterone (t) to estrogen (e) is essential for activation of male-typical copulatory behavior in castrated male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). two experiments were conducted to determine whether circulating estrogen levels characteristic of normal intact males are high enough to activate male-typical or female-typical copulatory behavior. in experiment 1, blood samples were dra ... | 1990 | 2307345 |
| pyrazinamide and pyrazinoic acid activity against tubercle bacilli in cultured human macrophages and in the bactec system. | pyrazinamide (pza) has become an essential component of current 6-month regimens for therapy of tuberculosis. susceptible strains of tubercle bacilli convert pza to pyrazinoic acid (poa) through pyrazinamidase (pzase), which resistant strains and mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin lack. pza susceptibility results obtained in cultured human macrophages were compared with those in the broth bactec system with 7h12 medium at ph 6.0 for strains known to be pzase-positive or -negative. altho ... | 1990 | 2113074 |
| the induction by testosterone of aromatase activity in the preoptic area and activation of copulatory behavior. | a series of 4 experiments was designed to study the relationships between the activity of the aromatase (aa) in the preoptic area (poa) and the activation by testosterone (t) of copulatory behavior in gonadectomized male and female japanese quail. the induction of aa by t in the poa is dose- and time-dependent. levels of aa seen in sexually mature males are restored in castrated birds by a treatment with 20 to 40 mm silastic t capsules which produce physiological levels of steroid in the plasma. ... | 1990 | 2326347 |
| reduced aminergic synthesis in the hypothalamus of the infertile, genetically diabetic (c57bl/ksj-db/db) male mouse. | diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with reproductive neuroendocrinopathy in both humans and animal models for the disease. diabetes-associated reproductive failure in the male is a result of multilevel dysfunction within the hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular axis. in view of the known effects of diabetes on hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and gonadotropins in chemically-induced animal models for diabetes, we examined hypothalamic aminergic activities (important to the reg ... | 1990 | 2121514 |
| neuromodulation of acute-phase responses to interleukin-6 in guinea pigs. | it is now generally recognized that interleukin-6 (il6) is one of the cytokines that mediate the various nonspecific host defense responses to infectious pathogens. among its now well-demonstrated effects on systemic administration are fever and acute-phase proteinemia. these effects are also activated by the cytokine, il1, and it has been shown that they are modulated in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (poa). this study was undertaken to determine whether this brain region similarly drives t ... | 1990 | 2126980 |
| effect of dietary energy, body condition and calf removal on pituitary gonadotropins, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and hypothalamic opioids in beef cows. | beef cows (n = 64) were slaughtered to evaluate effects of dietary energy and calf removal (cr) on hypothalamic and adenohypophysial endocrine characteristics. from d 190 of gestation until parturition, cows received maintenance (me; n = 32) or low (le; n = 32) energy diets (me = 100%, le = 70% nrc recommendations). after parturition, half (n = 16) of each prepartum diet group received low (le; n = 32) or high (he = 130% nrc; n = 32) energy diets. at 30 d postpartum, cows were slaughtered 0 or 4 ... | 1990 | 2143972 |
| postnatal treatment of rats with the beta 2-adrenergic agonist salbutamol influences the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus in the preoptic area. | sexual differentiation of the brain seems to be influenced by postnatal interaction of gonadal steroids with neurotransmitter systems, in particular the adrenergic system. stimulation or inhibition of adrenergic receptors during early postnatal development had previously been shown to influence steroid-induced sexual differentiation of rat brain function. in the present study newborn male and female rats were treated daily for 5 days with salbutamol, a specific beta 2-receptor agonist, or with a ... | 1990 | 2163726 |
| estradiol induction of proenkephalin messenger rna in hypothalamus: dose-response and relation to reproductive behavior in the female rat. | hormone effects on proenkephalin (pe) mrna allow an opportunity to compare a brain region-specific molecular change with a quantifiable behavior. slot blots were used to measure pe mrna levels in the ventromedial hypothalamus (vmn) and preoptic area (poa) as a function of the dose of estrogen administered to ovariectomized rats. every rat used had been characterized for the ability to display lordosis behavior. estradiol treatment led to a monotonic dose-dependent increase in pe mrna level in vm ... | 1990 | 2166200 |
| macrophage inflammatory protein-1: unique action on the hypothalamus to evoke fever. | macrophage inflammatory protein (mip-1) administered systemically causes a fever not blocked by a prostaglandin (pge) synthesis inhibitor. the purpose of this study was to examine the central mechanism of pyrexic action of this cytokine in the unrestrained rat. after guide cannulae for microinjection were implanted stereotaxically just above the anterior hypothalamic preoptic area (ah/poa), the body temperature of each rat was monitored by a colonic thermistor probe. saline control vehicle or mi ... | 1990 | 2196977 |
| mapping of epitopes on poa p i and lol p i allergens with monoclonal antibodies. | allergen poa p i isolated from the dialysed aqueous extract of kentucky blue grass pollen by affinity chromatography with an anti-lol p i murine monoclonal antibody (mab) 290a-167 was previously shown to consist of a 35.8-kilodalton (kd) component with a pi of 6.4, designated as poa p ia, and a 33-kd component with a pi of 9.1, designated as poa p ib. the present study reports on the comparative antigenic analyses of these two components, using mabs produced separately against poa p i and lol p ... | 1990 | 1693910 |
| involvement of organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis and preoptic area in interleukin 1 beta-induced acth release. | intravenous administration of recombinant human interleukin 1 beta (il-1 beta, 1 micrograms/100 g body wt) resulted in a marked elevation of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) levels, with peak levels at 10 min, in conscious unrestrained rats. one week after the placement of a lesion by radiofrequency or microinjection of kainic acid in the organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (ovlt) but not in subfornical organ, acth response to intravenous il-1 beta was enhanced, whereas both radiofr ... | 1990 | 1967907 |
| ovarian steroid regulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase gene expression in individual hypothalamic nuclei. | abstract the possibility that steroids exert their effects on luteinizing hormone (lh) and prolactin release and female sexual behaviour via altering gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) synthesis within the hypothalamus was investigated. ovariectomized rats were treated with either oil, 5 mug oestradiol benzoate (ob) or 5 mug ob plus 0.5 mg progesterone (p) 48 h later; autopsy was carried out 54 h after the ob injection. at this time, both steroid treatments stimulated prolactin release and lordotic ... | 1990 | 19215370 |
| taxonomy and postembryonic stages of the nematode predator odontopharynx longicaudata de man, 1912 (diplogasterida). | odontopharynx longicaudata (diplogasterida: odontopharyngidae) was found in soil around roots of poa annua l. growing on a golf course in san francisco, california. this is the first record of this species in the united states. populations of o. longicaudata were increased in the laboratory on the free-living nematode ucd acrobeloides no. 1 (rhabditida: cephalobidae). light microscopy was used to compare the morphology of fixed specimens from california and the netherlands. california specimens ... | 1989 | 19287598 |
| central administration of immunomodulatory factors alters neural activity and adrenocortical secretion. | this study was designed to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of a variety of immunomodulatory factors upon cortical eeg, preoptic area/anterior hypothalamic (poa/ah) multiunit activity (mua), and corticosterone secretion in conscious, freely moving rats. the substances tested were alpha-interferon (alpha-inf), thymic humoral factor (thf), histamine, and interleukin-1 (il-1). saline administration did not alter poa/ah mua up to 45 min after injection but increased the ... | 1989 | 2475193 |
| differential involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5ht) in specific hypothalamic areas in the mediation of steroid-induced changes in gonadotrophin release and sexual behaviour in female rats. | ovariectomised rats were treated with either oestradiol benzoate (ob) alone or ob followed by progesterone (p). the effects of the steroid treatments were noted on plasma lh concentration, lordosis quotient and concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5ht) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5hiaa) in microdissected hypothalamic areas, i.e. the preoptic area (poa), arcuate nucleus (arc), median eminence (me), ventromedial nucleus (vmn), suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) and zona incerta (zi). the ratio of ... | 1989 | 2475814 |
| serotonin stimulation of the period of in vitro lhrh release is estradiol dependent. | the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-ht) has well known effects on the release of luteinizing hormone (lh) which may be estrogen and photoperiod dependent. an in vitro superfusion system was used to assess the potential role of 5-ht and photoperiod in modulating the release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh) from the mediobasal-suprachiasmatic-preoptic area (mbh-poa-scn) in the ovariectomized (ovx) and ovx estradiol (e2) implanted rat model of lh release. regularly cycling female holtz ... | 1989 | 2653571 |
| anatomical investigation of projections to the basis pontis from posterior parietal association cortices in rhesus monkey. | the projections to the basis pontis from cytoarchitectonically defined subregions of the superior (spl) and inferior (ipl) parietal lobules were investigated in 14 rhesus monkeys by using the anterograde tracing techniques of autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase histochemistry. the results of our study confirm and complement available information regarding the parietopontine projections. the projections are found in clusters distributed in lamellae approximately concentric to the peduncle. ... | 1989 | 2478597 |
| facilitation of sexual receptivity by hypothalamic and midbrain implants of progesterone in female hamsters. | in the first experiment, ovariectomized female hamsters were stereotaxically implanted with bilateral guide cannulae aimed at the medial preoptic area (poa), ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh), or ventral tegmentum (vta). the following week these females were injected sc with 10 micrograms estradiol benzoate (eb) and then had 27-gauge cannulae containing crystalline progesterone inserted through the guide tubes. sexual receptivity was observed in 3 of 11 animals with vmh implants of progesterone, i ... | 1989 | 2513591 |
| gonadal steroid and chronic morphine treatment do not change the posttranslational processing of beta-endorphin in the rat brain. | the present study examines whether two treatments known to induce refractoriness to exogenous morphine produce this desensitization through a change in the posttranslational processing of brain beta-endorphin (beta-end). the first experiment examined whether an ovarian steroid regimen which produces a transient desensitization of brain opiate receptor mechanisms alters beta-end processing in the preoptic area (poa), medial basal hypothalamus (mbh), and brainstem (bs). the second experiment monit ... | 1989 | 2522578 |
| does pyrazinoic acid as an active moiety of pyrazinamide have specific activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis? | the commonly accepted hypothesis explaining the mechanism of action of pyrazinamide (pza) is based on the assumption that pza-susceptible mycobacterium tuberculosis strains produce pyrazinamidase, which hydrolyzes pza to the antibacterial moiety pyrazinoic acid (poa). it is not clear whether poa has specific antimicrobial activity or the inhibition of growth caused by poa is due to its ability to lower the ph of the environment below the limits of tolerance of m. tuberculosis growth. we confirme ... | 1989 | 2508544 |
| connections of the ventral granular frontal cortex of macaques with perisylvian premotor and somatosensory areas: anatomical evidence for somatic representation in primate frontal association cortex. | in macaque monkeys with injections of tritiated amino acids or horseradish peroxidase in the ventrolateral granular frontal cortex, we observed extensive anterograde and retrograde labeling of the premotor and somatosensory cortex in and around the lateral sulcus. comparable labeling was not present with large and small control injections of the dorsal granular cortex. cytoarchitectonic evaluation of the perisylvian cortex in the three cases examined in detail indicated that labeled areas includ ... | 1989 | 2708598 |
| development of progesterone-facilitated lordosis in female guinea pigs: relationship to neural estrogen and progestin receptors. | ovariectomized (ovx), 20-day-old female guinea pigs did not exhibit lordosis following treatment with estradiol benzoate (eb) and progesterone. behavioral responsiveness to eb and progesterone developed abruptly; by 30 days of age, responses typical of adult females (greater than 9 weeks of age) were observed. in vitro assays of neural steroid receptors were performed to test the hypothesis that a deficiency in the concentration of hypothalamic and/or preoptic area estrogen and/or progestin rece ... | 1989 | 2713679 |
| the lethal principle of poa huecu (coiron blanco): a plant indigenous to argentina. | the lethality of poa huecu, a plant toxic to cattle and sheep, was followed by injection of chromatographic fractions in mice. the lethal aqueous extract was administered i.p. to rockland mice of either sex and produced motor incoordination, transient ataxia, rough hair coat, tremors and muscle contractions and, occasionally, blindness. doses greater than 1.5 g/kg mouse were always lethal. fractionation of this lethal extract included dialysis, column chromatography on sephadex g-25 and fraction ... | 1989 | 2629169 |
| relationship of lychnis ringspot virus to barley stripe mosaic virus and poa semilatent virus. | barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv), poa semilatent virus (pslv), and lychnis ringspot virus (lrsv) have previously been assigned to the hordeivirus group because of similarities in their particle morphology, physicochemical properties and serological analyses. however, the serological relationships of the three viruses have not been determined by direct comparison. the present study evaluated the relatedness of these viruses by western and dot immunoblotting and by nucleic acid hybridizations. se ... | 1989 | 2722469 |
| microdialysis: a system for localized drug delivery into the brain. | to determine why intrahypothalamic microinjections of pyrogen-free saline (pfs) often induce core temperature (tco) rises, guide cannulas were implanted bilaterally into the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (poa) of guinea pigs; 1 week later, injectors were inserted to 1 mm beyond the guides and either no injection or 1 microliter pfs was administered. injector insertion without injection evoked a 0.5 degrees c tco rise within 40 min, culminating in 3.7 hr. pfs microinjection elicited a 0.9 degree ... | 1989 | 2736391 |
| effects of intracranial implantation of dihydrotestosterone on sexual behavior in male cnemidophorus inornatus, a direct sexual ancestor of a parthenogenetic lizard. | dihydrotestosterone was implanted directly into the brain of castrated male cnemidophorus inornatus, a direct sexual ancestor of the parthenogenetic species c. uniparens. only implants located in the anterior hypothalamus--preoptic area (ah-poa) induced male-typical sexual behavior. implants in other brain regions, including the ventromedial hypothalamus, failed to elicit courtship or copulatory behavior. radioimmunoassay revealed no significant difference in the concentrations of circulating an ... | 1989 | 2744738 |
| effects of gonadectomy and treatment with gonadal steroids and luteinizing hormone secretion in hypogonadal male and female mice with preoptic area implants. | the ability of male and female hypogonadal (hpg) mice with preoptic area (poa) grafts to show negative feedback was studied. gnrh neurons within poa grafts send axons into the median eminence of the hpg host (hpg/poa), resulting in increased gonadotropin production and gonadal development in the mice that are genetically unable to produce gnrh. the present studies evaluated whether negative feedback, an aspect of normal reproductive function, is present in male and female hpg/poa mice. in normal ... | 1989 | 2759032 |
| specific binding of naloxone to ovine brain tissue: comparison of brain regions and endocrine states. | binding of [3h]naloxone ([3h]nal) to brain membranes was quantified by scatchard analysis using two methods of separating bound from free [3h]nal. in the centrifugation method, membranes that were soluble at 1,000 x g, but sedimented at 20,000 x g, were incubated with [3h]nal. for filtration, all membranes that sedimented at 20,000 x g were incubated and filtered through glass filter fibers. nonspecific binding was estimated using greater than 500-fold excess of unlabeled naloxone (10(-6) m). sp ... | 1989 | 2768110 |
| pretreatments with 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and the uptake of testosterone by cell nuclei in the brains of male rhesus monkeys. | an in vivo competition method was used in adult male rhesus monkeys to determine if testosterone binds to high affinity binding agents, notably androgen receptors, in brain cell nuclei. castrated males received 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone propionate (dhtp, 20 mg, n = 6), testosterone propionate (tp, 100 mg, n = 3) or oil vehicle (controls, n = 6) followed 3 h later by 5 mci [3h]testosterone [( 3h]t) as an intravenous bolus. brain and peripheral tissue samples were removed after 60 min, homogeniz ... | 1989 | 2779232 |
| apparent digestibility of nitrogen in rumen and whole tract of friesian cattle fed direct-cut and wilted grass silages. | spring grass consisting of lolium perene l. (81%), poa pratensis l. (9%), and annual weeds (5%) was stored as direct-cut or as wilted silage and used in feeding trials to determine the effects of wilting on n utilization. six mature friesian cattle, fitted with rumen and simple duodenal cannulae, were fed the silages for ad libitum intake in a crossover design consisting of two 49-d periods. wilting increased intake of organic matter and decreased ruminal apparent digestibility or organic matter ... | 1989 | 2794170 |
| dissociation of hypothalamic effects on ultrasound production and copulation. | two studies were conducted to compare the brain mechanisms for copulation with those controlling other sexual behaviors, such as the ultrasonic calls that help hamsters and other rodents attract potential mates. specifically, male and female golden hamsters were castrated and hormone-primed prior to being observed for rates of ultrasound production and levels of sex-typical copulatory behavior (mounts, intromissions and ejaculations in males; lordosis in females). such tests were conducted befor ... | 1989 | 2602472 |
| [effect of alcohol on the content of sex steroid receptors in the hypothalamus and hypophysis of male rats]. | in experimental dipsomania model (formation of physical dependence by method of intensive alcoholization) we have studied receptor binding of testosterone (t) and estradiol (e2) in the hypothalamus and pituitary body of mature male rats. administration (at 10 and 16 h) of 25% ethanol-saline solution at a dose of 7.5 g/kg of body weight in the course of 5 days significantly decreased serum t level but did not change serum lh and fsh levels. essential reduction of the nuclear androgen receptors in ... | 1989 | 2493826 |
| modulation of a viscerosomatic reflex by electrical and chemical stimulation of hypothalamic structures in the rat. | ventromedial forebrain structures were stimulated electrically with short (10-ms) trains of pulses to test for effects on a viscerosomatic reflex. stimulation at many hypothalamic sites led to an attenuation or even a complete inhibition of reflex activity. the most sensitive sites, however (i.e. those requiring currents of 50 microa or less to inhibit the reflex), were located in the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (ah/poa) and rostrally in the diagonal band of broca (dbb). at certain sites ... | 1989 | 2605507 |
| activation of sexual behavior by implantation of testosterone propionate and estradiol benzoate into the preoptic area of the male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | intracranial implantation of minute pellets of gonadal steroids was performed to determine neuroanatomical loci at which steroids activate sexual behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). in this species, systemic treatment of castrated males with either testosterone propionate (tp) or estradiol benzoate (eb) restores male-typical copulatory behavior (head grabbing, mounting, and cloacal contact movements). in addition, eb activates female-typical receptive behavior (crouching). adult ... | 1989 | 2744741 |
| steroid control of sexual behavior and brain aromatase in the dove: effects of nonaromatizable androgens, methyltrienolone (r1881), and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. | this study examines the effects of nonaromatizable androgens, methyltrienolone (r1881) and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht) on aggressive courtship and vocal behavior in the male ring dove. since androgens may influence behavior by increasing the formation of estrogen in the brain, the effects of r1881 and dht on brain aromatase activity were also studied using an in vitro microassay. under conditions in which testosterone induced aggressive courtship patterns, the nonaromatizable androgens wer ... | 1989 | 2606467 |
| the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in the human brain: a comparative morphometric study. | the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) in the human hypothalamus is an ovoid, densely packed collection of large cells. the size, shape and cellular morphology of the sdn-poa was examined in relation to sex and age in adult human subjects. in this region the following parameters were measured: length of the rostrocaudal axis, maximum cross-sectional area, volume, numerical cell density, total number of cells, and the diameter of the cell nucleus. the sdn-poa was elongated ... | 1989 | 2606795 |
| lesions of the sdn-poa inhibit sexual behavior of male wistar rats. | discrete bilateral lesions in the sdn-poa of sexually naive adult male rats were found to decrease the number of animals ejaculating and/or to increase latencies to the first mount, intromission and ejaculation. the deleterious effects of the lesions disappeared after 4 tests for sexual behavior but were reinstated when the males were tested under suboptimal conditions, i.e., when they were tested with a marginally receptive female or when they had only limited access to the stimulus female. it ... | 1989 | 2611691 |
| effects of preoptic and hypothalamic lesions in female turkeys during a photoinduced reproductive cycle. | prolactin (prl) is released by electrical stimulation in the turkey hypothalamus and preoptic area (poa). possible trajectories for poa efferents to the median eminence (me) were tested by placing lesions in the poa, the lateral hypothalamus (lhy), or the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (vmn) of reproductively quiescent turkey hens, then subjecting them to long photoperiods while monitoring their blood prl levels and nesting activities. in addition, lesions were made in the vmn of a gro ... | 1989 | 2620072 |
| testosterone implanted in the preoptic area of male japanese quail must be aromatized to activate copulation. | intracranial implantation of minute pellets of gonadal steroids was combined with aromatase inhibitor treatment to determine if aromatization within the preoptic area (poa) is necessary for androgens to activate sexual behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). in this species, implantation of pellets of testosterone propionate (tp) or estradiol benzoate (eb) in the poa of castrated males restores male-typical copulatory behavior. in experiment 1, adult male castrated quail were implant ... | 1989 | 2793083 |
| aging and long-term ovariectomy alter the cytoarchitecture of the hypothalamic-preoptic area of the c57bl/6j mouse. | long-term ovariectomy attenuates several neuroendocrine-dependent changes in reproductive function of aging female rodents, but the sites affected and underlying mechanisms are not known. this study was designed to identify effects of aging on hypothalamic-preoptic neurocytoarchitecture and to determine whether long-term ovariectomy attenuated any of those changes. coronal sections from midportions of the preoptic area (poa), suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) and arcuate nucleus (arc) were examined ... | 1989 | 2628780 |
| decreases in mediobasal hypothalamic and preoptic area opioid ([3h]naloxone) binding are associated with the progesterone-induced luteinizing hormone surge. | in view of evidence implicating hypothalamic opioid systems in the control of lh release, we have examined the binding of [3h]naloxone (nal) to slices of mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) and preoptic area (poa) during the induction of an afternoon lh surge (1630-1700 h) in estradiol benzoate (eb)-primed ovariectomized (ovx; day 0) rats by treatment with progesterone (p; day 2). such a surge was invariably accompanied by a decrease from early morning (1000 h) values in the number of nal-binding site ... | 1989 | 2535804 |
| pancreatic oncofetal antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in sera of patients with cancer of the pancreas. | pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (ca 19-9) were measured in the sera of 23 patients with cancer of the pancreas to determine the true positive rates of these cancer markers. in one group of unselected pancreatic cancer patients (n = 9), both tests showed above-normal results in three patients and both gave values that were within reference limits in three other patients. two of the three remaining patients had increased ca 19-9 but normal poa values, and one patie ... | 1989 | 2537687 |
| effects of ovariectomy on gnrh mrna, prognrh and gnrh levels in the preoptic hypothalamus of the female rat. | experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of ovariectomy on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) messenger rna (mrna), prognrh and gnrh peptide levels in the hypothalamus of female rats. intact proestrous female rats and female rats, which had been ovariectomized for 2 weeks, were sacrificed at 9.00 h and the preoptic area (poa) and basal hypothalamus (bh) were dissected out and frozen on dry ice. one group of tissues from proestrous control and ovariectomized females were extract ... | 1989 | 2469986 |
| alpha-adrenergic regulation of androgen receptor concentration in the preoptic area of the rat. | we examined the effect of the pharmacological disruption of the catecholaminergic system on the concentration of nuclear androgen receptor, as measured by the in vitro binding of methyltrienolone ([3h]r1881) to salt extracts of anterior pituitary (ap), preoptic area (poa) and medial basal hypothalamus (mbh). treatment of gonadectomized male and female rats with the dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor, diethyldithiocarbamate (400 mg/kg b. wt.), 30 min before treatment with dihydrotestosterone (1 ... | 1989 | 2539892 |
| [skin reactivity to grass pollen and the mite dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in the prick-test using 2 types of allergen preparations]. | the reliability of prick testing with allergen preparations produced in yugoslavia was assessed by comparison to the internationally accepted ones (pharmacia diagnostica) of 100,000 bu activity. the following allergens were used: the mite dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in 107 subjects, and grass pollens: dactylis glomerata, poa pratensis, phleum pratense and secale cereale in 39 subjects. the clinical significance of the response was assessed in relation to the skin reaction to the negative cont ... | 1989 | 2638564 |
| distribution of cat-301 immunoreactivity in the frontal and parietal lobes of the macaque monkey. | the distribution of the monoclonal antibody cat-301 was examined in the frontal and parietal cortex of macaque monkeys. in both regions the distribution was uniform within cytoarchitecturally defined areas (or subareas) but varied between them. in all areas, cat-301 labeled the soma and proximal dendrites of a restricted population of neurons. in the frontal lobe, cat-301-positive neurons were intensely immunoreactive and present in large numbers in the motor cortex (area 4), premotor cortex (ar ... | 1989 | 2677066 |
| identification of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) neurons projecting to the median eminence from third ventricular preoptic area grafts in hypogonadal mice. | functional gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) neurosecretory activity can be restored in genetically hypogonadal (hpg) adult mice with grafts of gnrh-containing fetal or neonatal septal-preoptic area (s/poa) tissue. neurons implanted into the third ventricle of the host brain survive and send out axons which innervate one of the normal targets of these neurons, the median eminence (me). fibers terminate near primary portal vessels where gnrh is available for release into the vasculature, and ... | 1989 | 2684346 |
| estradiol stimulates preoptic area-anterior hypothalamic prognrh-gap gene expression in ovariectomized rats. | the decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and the 56-amino acid gnrh-associated peptide (gap) are derived from a common precursor translated from the prognrh-gap mrna. studies using solid-phase hybridization techniques (i.e., northern blot analysis, dot blot analysis, or in situ hybridization autoradiography) have yielded a controversy as to whether estradiol stimulates, inhibits, or has any effect on prognrh-gap gene expression in the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (poa-ah) of ... | 1989 | 2693877 |
| renal denervation alters forebrain hexokinase activity in neurogenic hypertensive rats. | the effect of afferent renal nerve transection (tarn) on the metabolic activity of forebrain structures the activity of which was altered after aortic depressor nerve transection (tadn) was studied using the hexokinase (hk) histochemical method in the rat. in tadn-sham (s) arn rats, increases in hk activity were observed in the medial septum (ms), median preoptic nucleus (mnpo), subfornical organ, supraoptic nucleus, nucleus circularis (nc), magnocellular, and dorsal and medial (mppvh) parvocell ... | 1989 | 2705581 |
| simultaneous catecholamine histofluorescence and thymidine autoradiography of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in the rat. | the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) in the rat represents a morphological substrate in which the influence of gonadal hormones on the process of sexual differentiation of the brain can be seen. since the medial preoptic area (mpo) is a region rich in catecholamine (ca) terminals, it is possible that catecholamines may play a role either in the differentiation of the perinatal sdn-poa or in the function of this nucleus in the adult. it is not known whether catecholamine ... | 1989 | 2721628 |
| neuropeptide y (npy) and vasopressin (avp) in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial axis of salt-loaded or brattleboro rats. | a close anatomical relationship between nerve terminals containing neuropeptide y (npy) and vasopressin (avp) has been demonstrated in the hypothalamic paraventricular (pvn) and supraoptic nuclei (son). furthermore, injections of npy into the son increased plasma concentrations of avp in the rat. these data suggest a potential involvement of hypothalamic npy in fluid homeostasis in the rat. therefore, we have studied the effect of elevated plasma osmolality on the concentration of npy and avp in ... | 1989 | 2731031 |
| [fundamental and clinical evaluation of immunoradiometric assay (irma) for serum pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa)]. | 1989 | 2733181 | |
| prostaglandin formation in the hypothalamus in vivo: effect of pyrogens. | conscious cats were used to study the local release of prostaglandin (pg) e2 and thromboxane (tx) b2 (the stable txa2 by-product) from the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (ah-poa) and the tuberal-posterior hypothalamus (ph-tu) using a modified "push-pull" perfusion procedure. in the absence of fever, pge2 release was steady from the 2nd h of perfusion onward, its rate at either site ranging between 0.08 and 0.12 pg/min. local treatment with probenecid (1 mm) increased pge2 release about threefold ... | 1989 | 2784289 |
| age- and dose-dependent effects of neonatal monosodium glutamate (msg) administration to female rats. | the age- and dose-dependent effects of neonatal msg were evaluated in pre- and postpubertal female rats. the neurotoxic action of msg was assessed by examining monoamine content in microdissected regions of the mediobasal hypothalamus. msg was administered at a dose of 4 mg/g on postnatal days 2 and 4 (msg-lo) or on postnatal days 2, 4, 6 and 8 (msg-hi). msg-hi treatment significantly reduced dopamine (da) content in the arcuate nucleus (anh) and lateral median eminence (lme) on postnatal day 21 ... | 1989 | 2796887 |
| nuclear estrogen receptor binding in the preoptic area and hypothalamus of pregnancy-terminated rats: correlation with the onset of maternal behavior. | terminating the pregnancies of female rats on day 16 (d 16) by hysterectomy and ovariectomy (ho) and administering estradiol benzoate (eb) systemically or centrally into the medial preoptic area (mpoa) stimulates the onset of maternal behavior 48 h later. since estrogen's effects are mediated through its intracellular receptors, the present studies measured nuclear and cytosol estrogen receptor concentrations in the poa and hypothalamus (hyp) of female rats during the 48 h when estrogen is activ ... | 1989 | 2797382 |
| the probable role of histamine in the rostral hypothalamus on the prolactin and luteinizing hormone release induced by estrogen in conscious spayed rats. | the participation of histamine (ha) sensitive sites in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (poa-aha) on prolactin (prl) and luteinizing hormone (lh) surge induced by estrogen was studied in ovariectomized rats. different groups of animals were subjected to the following experimental schedule: on day "0" rats were stereotaxically implanted into the poa-aha with microinjection cannulae. on day "1", rats were injected s.c. with estrogen. on days "2" and "3", animals were microinjected into the ... | 1989 | 2803701 |
| direct hypothalamic control of vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) levels in the developing rat ovary. | we have previously identified the neurotransmitter vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) in nerve fibers of the immature rat ovary and showed that it stimulates steroid release by a mechanism involving increased synthesis of the components of the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme complex. the present experiments were undertaken to study the ontogeny of ovarian vip levels and to determine if they change in relation to the initiation of puberty. vip was already detected in 2-day-old ovaries; le ... | 1989 | 2736390 |
| [fundamental and clinical evaluation of irma for serum pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) in pancreatic cancer]. | 1989 | 2810909 | |
| neuronal death in the developing sexually dimorphic periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area in the female rat: effect of neonatal androgen treatment. | neonatal treatment of female rats with androgen decreases the nuclear volume of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area (avpv-poa). in order to examine the effect of androgen on the neural substrates in the developing avpv-poa which show a sexual dimorphism in nuclear volume, the cell death pattern in the avpv-poa was compared between normal females and androgenized females. wistar female rats were treated with 50 micrograms of testosterone propionate (tp) for 5 days from ... | 1989 | 2812498 |
| actions of ru 38486 on progesterone facilitation and sequential inhibition of rat estrous behavior: correlation with neural progestin receptor levels. | the present study examined the actions of the antiprogestin ru 38486 on progesterone (p)-induced facilitation and sequential inhibition of estrous behavior and on brain cytosol progestin receptor (pr) levels in ovariectomized, estrogen-primed (0.5 micrograms of estradiol benzoate for 3 days) female rats. ru 38486 suppressed p-facilitated receptive and proceptive responses in a dose-dependent fashion when administered 1 hr prior to p. ru 38486 did not, however, block the sequential inhibitory eff ... | 1989 | 2925185 |
| prednisone pretreatment leads to histaminic airway hyporeactivity soon after resolution of the immediate allergic response. | we assessed the effect of prednisone pretreatment (50 mg/day for three days) on the development of the early increase in histamine reactivity that occurs soon after resolution of the immediate response in allergic humans. four allergic subjects who were known to develop only isolated immediate responses upon kentucky bluegrass inhalation, as well as four mild allergic asthmatic subjects known to develop typical dual phase responses, were evaluated. all testing was done more than nine weeks after ... | 1989 | 2914481 |
| vegetation establishment on a deposit of zinc mine wastes. | field trials concerning the establishment of plant cover on a deposit of wastes from the ammeberg zinc mine in central sweden were carried out during 1976-1985. different soil conditioners and manures were applied and plant species cultivars were evaluated with regard to plant biomass, vigour, durability and content of zinc, lead and cadmium. sewage sludge and topsoil led to better establishment of grasses than did municipal waste, straw and hydraulic seeding. after 2 years, festuca rubra and po ... | 1989 | 15092483 |
| photoperiodic adjustments in hypothalamic amines, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and beta-endorphin in the white-footed mouse. | this study was undertaken to examine short photoperiod (sd; 8 h of light, 16 h of darkness)-induced alterations in reproductive endocrine and neuroendocrine parameters in the male white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus. exposure to sd for 8 weeks caused dramatic reductions in testis and seminal vesicle weights, decreased circulating lh and testosterone levels, and lowered the content of lh in the pituitary gland relative to those in mice under long photoperiod (ld; 16 h of light, 8 h of darknes ... | 1988 | 2899500 |
| pancreatic oncofetal antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen in breast and colon carcinoma. | pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) and carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) were determined in plasma of 195 patients with breast cancer and 90 patients with colon carcinoma. increased levels of poa and cea were seen in 19.0 and 25.6% of patients with breast cancer, respectively. some but not all patients showed an increase in both markers. the incidence of abnormal concentrations of poa and cea increased with the progress of the disease. poa appears to be a useful marker in breast cancer, especially ... | 1988 | 3206109 |
| transmitter and peptide actions on hypothalamic neurons in vitro: implications for lordosis. | this article summarizes a series of studies using brain tissue slices of rats to record single-unit activity from the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (vmn) and preoptic area (poa), both of which are crucial for the regulation of the estrogen-dependent feminine mating behavior, lordosis. in these studies the actions of acetylcholine (ach), serotonin (5ht), norepinephrine (ne), luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh), arginine-vasopressin (avp), and oxytocin (oxy) on neuronal activity were ... | 1988 | 2900673 |
| [fundamental and clinical evaluation of irma for serum pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa)]. | 1988 | 3164428 | |
| positive feedback in hypogonadal female mice with preoptic area brain transplants. | when fetal preoptic area (poa) brain grafts that contain gonadotropin-releasing hormone cells are transplanted into the third ventricle of adult female hypogonadal mice, the animals respond with sexual maturation, persistent estrus, and the ability to ovulate reflexively after mating. however, the absence of normal spontaneous ovulatory cyclicity suggests an impairment in positive feedback. we, therefore, studied the effect of administration of progesterone alone or of sequential estradiol benzo ... | 1988 | 3221980 |
| luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) neurons in the male and female rats at peripubertal period. | luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) neurons were immunohistochemically studied in rats of both sexes at peripubertal ages. the number of immunoreactive lhrh neurons (irlhrh neurons) was counted in the brain region from the level of the septum-preoptic area to the level of the rostral part of the infundibulum in colchicine-treated male and female rats at 30 and 60 days of age. at 30 days, irlhrh neurons were more numerous in male rats than females. at 60 days, the number of irlhrh neuron ... | 1988 | 3066237 |
| slice cultures of lhrh neurons in the presence and absence of brainstem and pituitary. | luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh) neurons from the preoptic area (poa)/hypothalamus of the postnatal rat were cultured for up to 7 weeks using a slice explant roller culture technique. the slices thinned to quasi-monolayers, but maintained organotypic distributions of large numbers of immunocytochemically identifiable lhrh, neurotensin, tyrosine hydroxylase, neurophysin and corticotropin releasing hormone-containing neurons. the distribution, survival and morphology of lhrh cells in c ... | 1988 | 3072535 |
| tissue polypeptide antigen, galactosyltransferase isoenzyme ii and pancreatic oncofetal antigen serum determination: role in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. | the clinical usefulness of tissue polypeptide antigen, galactosyltransferase ii and pancreatic oncofetal antigen was evaluated in detecting pancreatic cancer and in differentiating this malignancy from chronic pancreatitis and other diseases (mainly of the liver and biliary tract) which may enter in differential diagnosis. tpa seems to be the most sensitive among these indices in detecting pancreatic cancer and appears to discriminate this malignancy quite satisfactorily from chronic pancreatiti ... | 1988 | 3145303 |
| quantification of naloxone binding sites in brains from suckled beef cows during postpartum anestrus and resumption of estrous cycles. | thirty beef cows, approximately 3 yr of age, were randomly assigned to be slaughtered on d 7, 14, 28, 42 or 56 postpartum. each cow suckled one calf until slaughter. data from cows slaughtered on d 42 and 56 were pooled and further classified as anestrous or cyclic based on the presence of a corpus luteum and elevated serum concentrations of progesterone at slaughter. specific binding of [3h]naloxone (3h-nal) to homogenates of tissue from hypothalamus (hyp), preoptic area (poa) and basal forebra ... | 1988 | 2837449 |
| pituitary receptors for gnrh and estradiol, and pituitary content of gonadotropins in beef cows. ii. changes during the postpartum period. | pregnant beef heifers (n = 24) were assigned randomly to four groups and slaughtered at day 1, 15, 30 or 45 postpartum. the day prior to slaughter blood samples were taken from each cow every 15 min for 8 hr. the anterior pituitary gland, preoptic area (poa) and medial basal hypothalamus (hyp) were collected from each cow. contents of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) in extracts of poa and hyp, and luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) in extracts of anterior pitui ... | 1988 | 2852091 |
| sex differences in nuclear androgen receptors in guinea pig brain and the effects of an alpha 2 noradrenergic blocker on androgen receptors. | the binding of the synthetic androgen, [3h]methyltrienolone (r1881) to nuclear androgen receptors (nar) was studied in various brain areas of gonadectomized male and female guinea pigs treated for 3 days with 2 mg testosterone propionate. the scatchard analysis of salt-extracted nar showed a single, high-affinity receptor with a kd of 0.152 nm and maximum binding sites (bmax) of 161.9 fmol/mg dna. the concentration of nar was highest in the hypothalamus (hypo) and preoptic area (poa) in both mal ... | 1988 | 2905189 |
| in vivo release rates of substance p in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area of ovariectomized and ovariectomized estrogen-primed rats: correlation with luteinizing hormone and prolactin levels. | push-pull cannulae were implanted into the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (poa) of ovariectomized (ovx) rats. after recovery animals were treated with estradiol (e2) or corn oil and they were perfused 3 days later. substance p (sp) concentrations were measured in 15 min perfusate fractions, blood samples were taken at similar intervals. sp concentration in poa perfusates were readily measurable. following estrogen priming sp release increased significantly each afternoon prior to the estrog ... | 1988 | 2454436 |
| androstenedione modulation of monoamine levels and turnover in hypothalamic and vocal control nuclei in the male zebra finch: steroid effects on brain monoamines. | levels of norepinephrine (ne), dopamine (da), serotonin and the latter's primary metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, were measured in two hypothalamic and 6 vocal control areas in the brains of male zebra finches. ne and da turnover in these areas were also estimated using alpha-methylparathyrosine. males were castrated for at least 3 weeks and then received an implant of androstenedione (ae) or a control implant of cholesterol. each male was then housed with a female for at least one week. ... | 1988 | 2460189 |
| age-related changes in secretion of luteinizing hormone and metabolism of hypothalamic amines in bull calves prior to puberty. | effects of age and castration on secretion of luteinizing hormone (lh) and metabolism of hypothalamic monoamines were determined in holstein bulls. calves were assigned to be intact or castrated and killed at 8, 12, or 24 wk of age. animals were castrated and bled every 10 min for 6 h at 96 and 24 h prior to slaughter, respectively. the stalk median eminence (sme), medial basal (mbh), and anterior-preoptic (aha-poa) hypothalamic regions were obtained at slaughter and assayed for norepinephrine ( ... | 1988 | 2461744 |
| basal forebrain cholinergic and noncholinergic projections to the thalamus and brainstem in cats and monkeys. | the projections of basal forebrain neurons to the thalamus and the brainstem were investigated in cats and primates by using retrograde transport techniques and choline acetyltransferase (chat) immunohistochemistry. in a first series of experiments, the lectin wheat germ-agglutinin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) was injected into all major sensory, motor, intralaminar, and reticular (re) thalamic nuclei of cats and into the mediodorsal (md) and pulvinar-lateroposterior thalamic ... | 1988 | 2466060 |
| chronic morphine and testosterone treatment. effects on sexual behavior and dopamine metabolism in male rats. | the effects of sustained delivery of morphine and/or testosterone (t) on male rat copulatory behavior, penile reflexes and dopaminergic metabolism in selected brain regions were examined. castration was followed by (1) a decrease in the number of male rats exhibiting intromissive and ejaculatory behavior in mating tests, (2) decreased erections in ex copula tests, and (3) increases in dopamine and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (dopac) concentrations in the mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) and the preo ... | 1988 | 3173643 |
| [fluctuations in neuronal activity and sexual dimorphism in the medial preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus during postnatal development of the rat]. | the medial preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus of the rat is characterized by a sexual dimorphism of one of its substructures, the "sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa)" (gorski et al. 1980), which becomes light microscopically visible at lower magnification. the sdn-poa, showing up as a concentration of perikarya, is principally larger in males than in females. furthermore, the sexual dimorphism of the medial preoptic nucleus is reflected in temporary significant differenc ... | 1988 | 3183360 |