Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| evidence of synergism between african cassava mosaic virus and a new double-recombinant geminivirus infecting cassava in cameroon. | stem cuttings were collected in cameroon from cassava plants displaying cassava mosaic disease (cmd) symptoms. the nature of the viruses present was determined by using the pcr with primers specific for the coat protein (cp) genes of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv). all samples were infected by acmv and eight of the 50 samples were infected by both acmv and an eacmv-like virus. the complete nucleotide sequences of dna-a and -b of representative a ... | 2000 | 10640569 |
| plant cyanogenic glycosides. | the cyanogenic glycosides belong to the products of secondary metabolism, to the natural products of plants. these compounds are composed of an alpha-hydroxynitrile type aglycone and of a sugar moiety (mostly d-glucose). the distribution of the cyanogenic glycosides (cgs) in the plant kingdom is relatively wide, the number of cg-containing taxa is at least 2500, and a lot of such taxa belong to families fabaceae, rosaceae, linaceae, compositae and others. different methods of determination are d ... | 2000 | 10669009 |
| expression of functional recombinant antibody molecules in insect cell expression systems. | recombinant single-chain variable-fragment molecules (scfv) were constructed from a cell line expressing a monoclonal antibody against african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and expressed in escherichia coli. dna sequences that encoded the scfv were manipulated to allow scfv expression in insect cell lines. a recombinant baculovirus containing the scfv cdna was constructed and large amounts of scfv were produced in each of three insect cell lines infected with the baculovirus. however, the scfv wer ... | 2000 | 10686153 |
| reproduction and mortality in a colony of captive greater cane rats, thryonomys swinderianus, temminck. | the reproductive performance and mortalities in a colony of captive greater cane rats, thryonomys swinderianus, were monitored from 1992 to 1998 at the grasscutter domestication centre, achimota, ghana. the animals were kept in cages and exposed to constant lighting from a 100 w electric light bulb during the night. the diet consisted mainly of freshly cut panicum maximum (guinea grass) fed ad libitum, with occasional supplements of cassava and cane sugar. the results indicate that the mean litt ... | 2000 | 10717939 |
| design and evaluation of a lactobacillus manihotivorans species-specific rrna-targeted hybridization probe and its application to the study of sour cassava fermentation. | based on 16s rrna sequence comparison, we have designed a 20-mer oligonucleotide that targets a region specific to the species lactobacillus manihotivorans recently isolated from sour cassava fermentation. the probe recognized the rrna obtained from all the l. manihotivorans strains tested but did not recognize 56 strains of microorganisms from culture collections or directly isolated from sour cassava, including 29 species of lactic acid bacteria. this probe was then successfully used in quanti ... | 2000 | 10788405 |
| characterization and genomic analysis of tobacco vein clearing virus, a plant pararetrovirus that is transmitted vertically and related to sequences integrated in the host genome. | a previously undescribed caulimo-like virus was identified in the hybrid tobacco species nicotiana edwardsonii, and was named tobacco vein clearing virus (tvcv) after the symptoms associated with its occurrence in this plant. the virions of tvcv are 50 nm in diameter and are composed of a 45 kda capsid protein and a 7767 bp dsdna genome. each strand of the genome is interrupted by a site-specific discontinuity. in genome sequence and arrangement of orfs tvcv was most similar to cassava vein mosa ... | 2000 | 10811941 |
| dietary cyanide from insufficiently processed cassava and growth retardation in children in the democratic republic of congo (formerly zaire). | dietary cyanide exposure from cyanogenic glucosides in insufficiently processed cassava has been advanced as a contributing factor in child growth retardation. whether cyanide exposure aggravates children's growth retardation was studied by comparing two populations of children from the northern and the southern zones of the bandundu region, democratic republic of congo (former zaire), using dietary interviews, anthropometry and urine analyses. both populations consumed cassava as their staple d ... | 2000 | 10824211 |
| characterization of a granulovirus from the cassava hornworm (erinnyis ello: sphingidae). | a colombian isolate of erinnyis ello granulovirus (eegv) was characterized by electron microscopy, restriction endonuclease digestion, and sds-page. electron microscopy showed the occlusion bodies to have a morphology typical of granuloviruses. the restriction patterns of dna from eegv and the granuloviruses of trichoplusia ni (tngv) and pieris rapae (prgv) show little or no similarity, indicating little relatedness among these viruses. eegv was estimated to possess a relatively small genome of ... | 2000 | 10843834 |
| study of biocatalyst to produce ethanol from starch. coimmobilization of glucoamylase and yeast in gel. | this article presents a detailed study on the conditions for achieving a stable biocatalyst to be used in the production of ethanol from starch. different pellets were used depending on which characteristic of the biocatalyst was being studied: (a) saccharomyces cerevisiae entrapped in pectin or calcium alginate gel particles; (b) silica containing immobilized glucoamylase entrapped in pectin gel particles; or (c) pectin gel particles, with the silica-enzyme derivative and yeast coimmobilized. t ... | 2000 | 10849824 |
| anaerobic digestion from residue of industrial cassava industrialization with acidogenic and methanogenic physical separation phases. | a trial was carried out in a continuous regimen, using a completely stirred tank reactor, at acidogenic phase, and a hybrid reactor (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket + fixed bed) at methanogenic phase at room temperature. the residue to be treated came from a flour and cassava meal industry, and the reactors operated for 300 d with affluent chemical oxygen demand (cod) concentrations of 7500, 9000, 11,000, and 14,000 mg/l. the final results showed a biogas production with a content of 80% methane ... | 2000 | 10849839 |
| enhancement of selectivity for producing gamma-cyclodextrin. | the production of cyclodextrins (cds) by cyclodextrin-glycosyl-transferase (cgtase) from bacillus firmus was studied, with respect to the effect of the source of starch upon cd yield and on the selectivity for producing gamma-cd. cyclodextrin production tests were run for 24 h at 50 degrees c, ph 8.0, and 1 mg/l of cgtase, and substrates were maltodextrin or the starches of rice, potato, cassava, and corn hydrolyzed up to d.e. 10. cornstarch was the best substrate for producing gamma-cd. later, ... | 2000 | 10849849 |
| the use of a starter culture in the fermentation of cassava for the production of "kivunde", a traditional tanzanian food product. | three cassava fermentation methods (spontaneous fermentation, back-slopping and the use of starter culture) for the production of kivunde, executed in three trials at 30 degrees c, were compared in terms of cyanide level reduction, microbiology and product quality improvement. among the isolates from spontaneously fermented cassava batches, four strains were selected on the basis of their enzymatic activities and acid production. all were identified as lactobacillus plantarum and were used as st ... | 2000 | 10857544 |
| comparisons of effects of raw and gelatinized sago and tapioca starches on serum and liver lipid concentrations in rats. | effects of raw and gelatinized sago and tapioca starches on serum and liver lipid concentrations were compared in rats fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. total serum cholesterol and the atherogenic index in the rats fed raw sago starch showed a statistically significant decrease and tendency to decrease, respectively, when compared with those of rats fed raw tapioca starch. both the serum total cholesterol and atherogenic index in the rats fed gelatinized sago starch showed a tendency to decrease ... | 2000 | 10868347 |
| effect of wainan rogo on body weight and plasma glucose in wistar rats. | wainan rogo (wr) is a deep-fat fried dough made from grated fresh cassava. it was found in a cross sectional case-control study to have a risk factor 3.2 times higher in diabetic than non diabetic indigenes of borno state of nigeria. this study examines the chemical composition, and effects of wr on body weight and blood glucose in wistar rats. the study found a higher fat and lower protein composition of the wr diet, and found a higher plasma glucose in the wr fed rats and a more significant we ... | 2000 | 10904938 |
| optimization of the production of aroma compounds by kluyveromyces marxianus in solid-state fermentation using factorial design and response surface methodology. | studies were carried out for the production of aroma compounds in solid-state fermentation using factorial design and response surface methodology (rsm) experiments. five agro-industrial residues were evaluated as substrate for cultivating a strain of kluyveromyces marxianus. the results proved the feasibility of using cassava bagasse and giant palm bran (opuntia ficus indica) as substrates to produce fruity aroma compounds by the yeast culture. in order to test the influence of the process para ... | 2000 | 10908866 |
| sale of street food in latin america. the mexican case: joy or jeopardy? | have you ever visited a public market in mexico, guatemala, panama, colombia, venezuela, peru or brazil? have you ever stopped to eat delicious mayan-style pork tacos, turnovers filled with corn fungus or squash flower, octopus stuffed crepes, crab, cassava, 'alcapurrias' or grasshoppers with lime juice and chili, agave worms or a 'come back to life' seafood cocktail? if you have not, you have been missing a large part of the mexican, guatemalan, panamanian, colombian, venezuelan, peruvian and b ... | 2000 | 10912387 |
| molecular diversity of lactic acid bacteria from cassava sour starch (colombia). | lactic acid bacteria and more particularly lactobacilli and leuconostoc, are widely found in a wide variety of traditional fermented foods of tropical countries, made with cereals, tubers, meat or fish. these products represent a source of bacterial diversity that cannot be accurately analysed using classical phenotypic and biochemical tests. in the present work, the identification and the molecular diversity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from cassava sour starch fermentation were assessed by ... | 2000 | 10930082 |
| long-term ingestion of cassava (tapioca) does not produce diabetes or pancreatitis in the rat model. | cassava (tapioca, manihot) is consumed as a staple food in some developing countries. the intake of cassava has been linked to several diseases including fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (tropical calcific pancreatitis). there are few long-term studies on the effect of cassava ingestion on the pancreas in animal models. this article reports on the long-term (up to 1 yr) effects of cassava in the rat model. we found that cassava did not produce diabetes in the rat even after a year of cassava f ... | 2000 | 10952402 |
| effect of cassava consumption on open-field behavior and brain neurotransmitters in albino rats. | diet exerts a critical influence on human biology and thus studies on the interrelationship of nutrition and behavior continues to be a major and important focus of research in the natural experimental sciences. cassava is known to cause metabolic and neurological derangement on long-term consumption as a staple diet in the tropics. in this article we present the effects of cassava consumption on open-field behavior and catecholamine levels in the hypothalamus of albino rats. cassava consumption ... | 2000 | 10978482 |
| assessment of genetic variability in a traditional cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) farming system, using aflp markers. | despite the urgent need to conserve domesticated plant genetic resources, and developing 'on farm' strategies of conservation, the impact of traditional farming practices and of their interaction with ecological factors on the structure and evolutionary dynamics of the genetic variability of crop populations has been little documented. we assessed the genetic variability of 31 varieties of cassava (m. esculenta crantz) traditionally grown by makushi amerindians from guyana, using aflp markers. w ... | 2000 | 11012725 |
| the effects of calcium benzoate in diets with or without organic acids on dietary buffering capacity, apparent digestibility, retention of nutrients, and manure characteristics in swine. | eight barrows (yorkshire x [finnish landrace x dutch landrace]), initially 30 kg bw, were fitted with ileal cannulas to evaluate the effects of supplementing ca benzoate (2.4%) and organic acids (oa) in the amount of 300 meq acid/kg feed on dietary buffering capacity (bc), apparent digestibility and retention of nutrients, and manure characteristics. swine were allotted in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments according to a cyclic (8 x 5) changeover design. two tapioca-corn-soybean meal-b ... | 2000 | 11048928 |
| starch grains reveal early root crop horticulture in the panamanian tropical forest. | native american populations are known to have cultivated a large number of plants and domesticated them for their starch-rich underground organs. suggestions that the likely source of many of these crops, the tropical forest, was an early and influential centre of plant husbandry have long been controversial because the organic remains of roots and tubers are poorly preserved in archaeological sediments from the humid tropics. here we report the occurrence of starch grains identifiable as manioc ... | 2000 | 11057665 |
| neurochemical and behavioural correlates in cassava-induced neurotoxicity in rats. | chronic cyanide intoxication from cassava has been implicated as the cause for a degenerative neuropathy known widely as tropical ataxic neuropathy. an attempt has been made in this study to identify the specific cause for neuropathy caused by cassava using wistar strain albino rats as the experimental animal model. the results of cassava fed animals were compared with control animals, animals given cyanide, malnourished animals and malnourished animals fed cyanide, to identify the causative fac ... | 2000 | 15545004 |
| monosaccharide composition of sweetpotato fiber and cell wall polysaccharides from sweetpotato, cassava, and potato analyzed by the high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection method. | the cell wall materials (cwms) from sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas cv. kokei 14), cassava (manihot esculenta), and potato (solanum tuberosum cv. danshaku) and commercial sweetpotato fiber as well as their polysaccharide fractions were analyzed for sugar composition by the high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (hpaec-pad) method. the separation of arabinose and rhamnose, and xylose and mannose, by this method has been improved using a carbopac pa 10 colum ... | 2000 | 10956132 |
| enzyme modification of starch granules: formation and retention of cyclomaltodextrins inside starch granules by reaction of cyclomaltodextrin glucanosyltransferase with solid granules. | cyclomaltodextrin glucanosyltransferase (cgtase) was adsorbed into starch granules and allowed to react at 37 degrees c. the reaction was conducted with the granules removed from an aqueous environment, but containing 50% w/w water inside the granule. reaction for 20 h gave a maximum of 1.4%, w/w of cyclodextrins (cds) inside the granule. waxy maize and maize starches gave the highest amounts of cds (1.3 and 1.4%, respectively), with tapioca and amylomaize-7 starches giving about 50% less (0.9 a ... | 2000 | 11093706 |
| hydrogen peroxide and flavan-3-ols in storage roots of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) during postharvest deterioration. | cassava storage roots are an important staple food throughout the lowland humid tropics. however, cassava suffers from a poorly understood storage disorder, known as postharvest physiological deterioration (ppd), which constrains its exploitation. in an attempt to broaden the understanding of ppd, nine different cassava cultivars were analyzed for specific compounds accumulating during the process. the production of hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) is involved in the early stages of ppd in cassava r ... | 2000 | 11087513 |
| cross-species amplification of cassava (manihot esculenta) (euphorbiaceae) microsatellites: allelic polymorphism and degree of relationship. | microsatellite amplification was performed on cassava (manihot esculenta) and six other different species (all wild) of the manihot genus. we used ten pairs of microsatellite primers previously developed from cassava, detecting 124 alleles in a sample of 121 accessions of the seven species. the number of alleles per locus ranged from four to 21 alleles, and allelic diversity was greater in the wild species than in cassava. seventy-nine alleles, including unique ones, were detected in the wild sp ... | 2000 | 11080115 |
| a convenient synthesis of optically active 5,5-disubstituted 4-amino- and 4-hydroxy-2(5h)-furanones from (s)-ketone cyanohydrins. | (s)-ketone cyanohydrins (s)-2 are accessible by enantioselective hcn addition to ketones 1 by using hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta ((s)-mehnl) as a biocatalyst. acylation of (s)-2 gave the corresponding (s)-acyloxynitriles (s)-3, which can be cyclized by lhmds to give 5,5-disubstituted (s)-4-amino-2(5h)-furanones (s)-4 and (s)-5. different substituents (h. me, obn, oh) in the 3-position of the furanones were introduced by selecting the appropriate acylating agent, which in the case ... | 2000 | 10961401 |
| effect of some fat replacers on the release of volatile aroma compounds from low-fat meat products. | the effect of fat content and carbohydrate fat-replacers on the release of volatile odor compounds from beefburger, salami, and frankfurter has been investigated. the reduction in fat content in any of the three meat products studied resulted in a tendency toward an increase in the quantities of volatiles released in the headspace. tapioca starch and maltodextrin appear to delay the release of certain classes of compounds selectively; for instance, tapioca starch appears to slow the release of s ... | 2000 | 10956136 |
| developing expressed sequence tags (ests) from polymorphic transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | we applied the cdna-aflp (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique to mrna from the parents of a cassava (manihot esculenta) genetic mapping population, and obtained more than 500 transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) that were unique in either parent. a subset of 50 tdfs were cloned and sequenced. sequence alignment of the expressed sequence tags (ests) revealed mostly genes of unknown function. six of the tdfs were mapped on to the cassava genetic map. we also demonstrated by genetic ma ... | 2000 | 10701114 |
| molecular characterization and expression of a cdna encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from cultured cells of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | a cdna, msod1, encoding cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cuznsod) was cloned and characterized from cell cultures of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) which produce a high yield of sod. msod1 encodes a 152-amino acid polypeptide with a pi value of 5.84. southern analysis using an msod1-specific probe indicated that a single copy of the msod1 gene is present in the cassava genome. the msod1 gene is highly expressed in cultured cells, as well as in intact stems and tuberous roots. it i ... | 1999 | 10628864 |
| tapioca melanomas of the iris: immunohistology and report on two cases. | tapioca-like tumors are rare, and their benign or malignant nature is obscure without histological work-up. we report on the clinical and histological features of different types of tumors in two patients. | 1999 | 10333110 |
| evidence on the origin of cassava: phylogeography of manihot esculenta. | cassava (manihot esculenta subsp. esculenta) is a staple crop with great economic importance worldwide, yet its evolutionary and geographical origins have remained unresolved and controversial. we have investigated this crop's domestication in a phylogeographic study based on the single-copy nuclear gene glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (g3pdh). the g3pdh locus provides high levels of noncoding sequence variation in cassava and its wild relatives, with 28 haplotypes identified among 212 ... | 1999 | 10318928 |
| purification, partial amino acid sequence and structure of the product of raucaffricine-o-beta-d-glucosidase from plant cell cultures of rauwolfia serpentina. | plant cell suspension cultures of rauwolfia produce within 1 week approximately 250 nkat/l of raucaffricine-o-beta-d-glucosidase. a five step procedure using anion exchange chromatography, chromatography on hydroxylapatite, gel filtration and fplc-chromatography on mono q and mono p delivered in a yield of 0.9% approximately 1200-fold enriched glucosidase. a short protocol employing deae sepharose, tsk 55 s gel chromatography and purification on mono q gave a 5% recovery of glucosidase which was ... | 1999 | 10234858 |
| culture of cells at perfluorocarbon-aqueous interfaces. | protoplasts (wall-less cells) isolated enzymatically from leaf tissues of manihot esculenta, passiflora edulis and petunia parodii, and from cell suspensions of oryza sativa, passiflora giberti, petunia hybrida and salpiglossis sinuata, were cultured for up to 35 d at an interface between the inert, oxygen-gassed perfluorocarbon (pfc) liquid, perfluorodecalin, overlaid with liquid or semi-solidified aqueous media. the maximum increase in mitotic division, as assessed by initial plating efficienc ... | 1999 | 10226688 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of hydroxynitrile lyase from cassava (manihot esculenta). | hydroxynitrile lyase from m. esculenta (cassava) was crystallized in two different crystal forms by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. crystals of form i were obtained from a mixture of polyethylene glycol 8000 and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, and belong to the tetragonal space group p41212 or its enantiomorph p43212, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 105.9, c = 188.9 a and with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. these crystals diffract to 2.9 a with conventional x-ray sources and beyond ... | 1999 | 10089330 |
| adenoma of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium mimicking a malignant melanoma of the iris. | adenomas of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium are rare tumors and are difficult to differentiate from amelanotic malignant melanomas of the ciliary body. we describe a 62-year-old woman with a nonpigmented, vascularized iris tumor with small satellites involving the anterior chamber angle. clinically, an amelanotic, tapioca, malignant melanoma of the iris was suggested although the blood-aqueous barrier was intact. a block excision of 7.5 mm, a tectonic corneoscleral graft, and a simultaneous ... | 1999 | 9930172 |
| the influence of added whey protein/carrageenan gels and tapioca starch on the textural properties of low fat pork sausages. | response surface methodology (rsm) was used for simultaneous analysis of the effects of added high gelling 35% whey protein concentrate, (0-12%)/carrageenan (0-3%) preformed gels with dry addition of tapioca starch (0-3%), on the physical, textural and sensory characteristics of low-fat fresh pork sausages. experimental design allowed for evaluation of potential interactive effects between these ingredients. sausages were evaluated for cookloss, water holding capacity (whc), mechanical texture a ... | 1999 | 22061535 |
| comparative effects of scopoletin and cyanide on rat brain, 1: histopathology. | four week old male wistar rats were used to study the effects of scopoletin and cyanide on the histopathology of rat brain. the rats were divided into a control and three experimental groups (2-4) and fed rations containing 0.07 microg scopoletin/100 g, 0.07 microg scopoletin + 1.8 mg cyanide/100 g and 1.8 mg cyanide/100 g, respectively. these levels of scopoletin and cyanide corresponded to levels found in a processed cassava diet. the first group was fed the same ration as the others but witho ... | 1999 | 10540987 |
| a nanovirus-like dna component associated with yellow vein disease of ageratum conyzoides: evidence for interfamilial recombination between plant dna viruses. | yellow vein disease of ageratum conyzoides, a weed species that is widely distributed throughout asia, has been attributed to infection by the geminivirus ageratum yellow vein virus (ayvv). in addition to a single ayvv genomic component (dna a), we have previously demonstrated that infected plants contain chimeric defective viral components, comprising dna a and nongeminiviral sequences, that act as defective interfering dnas. a database search has revealed that the nongeminiviral sequences of o ... | 1999 | 10544139 |
| [spastic paraparesis due to long term consumption of wild cassava (manihot esculenta): a neurotoxic model of motor neuron disease]. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is the basic foodstuff of more than 500 million persons in developing countries. its edible root contains a glucoside with a high cyanogenic content, linamarina, which is hydrolysed in the human intestinal tract by the resident microbial flora, with liberation of hcn. inadequate preparation and cooking followed by consumption whilst half-raw, especially in diets based almost exclusively on cassava for a long period of time, may lead to a neurological syndrome of damag ... | 1999 | 10599107 |
| degradation of cyanogenic glycosides by lactobacillus plantarum strains from spontaneous cassava fermentation and other microorganisms. | strains of lactobacillus plantarum, leuconostoc mesenteroides, candida tropicalis and penicillium sclerotiorum were screened for 19 enzymatic activities using the commercial kit api zym (bio mérieux). this activity was compared to the ability of degrading the toxic cyanogenic glycosides amygdalin, linamarin, and linseed cyanogens (a mixture of linustatin and neolinustatin). good correlation between the beta-glucosidase activity found in the api zym screening and the ability to degrade the cyanog ... | 1999 | 10634708 |
| bonnet monkey model for pancreatic changes in induced malnutrition. | pancreatic degenerative lesions of identical nature could be induced in bonnet monkeys (macaca radiata) fed protein-deficient tapioca or cassava starch-based and corn-starch-based diets for 3 or 5 months. marked to severe lobular and acinar cell atrophy in animals fed low-protein diets resembled human pancreatic atrophy resulting from protein deficiency. animals fed low-protein, high-carbohydrate diets showed lesions akin to tropical chronic calculus pancreatopathy with diabetes mellitus. the pa ... | 1999 | 9888664 |
| screening of medicinal plants from trinidad and tobago for antimicrobial and insecticidal properties. | antibacterial activity in 51 extracts from 29 plant species currently used in traditional medicine in trinidad and the neighbouring caribbean islands was tested for by the agar dilution streak method using six bacteria: escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa. salmonella tophimurium, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis and enterococcus faecalis. the extracts from eight of the plants tested showed significant activity against one or more micro-organisms and the most susceptible bac ... | 1999 | 10363843 |
| secretion of lysine in a broth medium by lactic bacteria and yeasts associated with garri production using a synthetic gene. | although cassava is an important food in the tropics, it has two major deficiencies which are carried over into those foods made from it: its content of toxic cyanogenic glucosides and its low content of protein and amino acids. garri, a fermented cassava food, has previously been ameliorated using organisms which simultaneously secrete linamarase (to reduce the residual cyanide in the food), amylase (to contribute to the growth of fermenting organisms and increase the flavour) and lysine (to im ... | 1999 | 10389256 |
| performance of laying pullets fed on cereal-free diets based on maize offal, cassava peel and reject cashew nut meal. | 1. a 70-d experiment was conducted to determine the response of 26-week-old laying pullets to cereal-free diets based on maize offal, cassava peel and full-fat cashew nut meal (cnm) in comparison with a standard 550 g maize/kg reference diet. the 4 test diets all contained 315 g cnm/kg 232.5, 155.0, 77.5 and 0.0 g/kg of maize offal in combination with 77.5, 155.0, 232.5 and 315.0 g/kg of cassava peel, respectively. 2. pullets fed on the 4 cnm-based diets consumed (p<0.05) less food than those fe ... | 1999 | 10405040 |
| food toxins, ampa receptors, and motor neuron diseases. | environmental chemicals involved in the etiology of human neurodegenerative disorders are challenging to identify. described here is research designed to determine the etiology and molecular pathogenesis of nerve cell degeneration in two little known corticomotoneuronal diseases with established environmental triggers. both conditions are toxic-nutritional disorders dominated by persistent spastic weakness of the legs and degeneration of corresponding corticospinal pathways. lathyrism, a disease ... | 1999 | 10461541 |
| effect of varied fermentation periods on the diabetogenic potential of toasted cassava granules. | the effects of exclusive gari diets prepared using varied fermentation periods on the fasting blood glucose levels (fbgl) and glucose tolerance (gt) of rats were studied. thirty growing male albino rats divided randomly into 5 groups of 6 rats each were used. the 5 groups were each fed gari diets fermented for 0, 24, 48, 72 hours; and a standard rat diet, respectively, for 8 weeks. data on the total cyanogen content and % crude protein of the diets; fbgl, gt, body weight, water:feed consumption ... | 1999 | 10472793 |
| bioactivation of cyanide to cyanate in sulfur amino acid deficiency: relevance to neurological disease in humans subsisting on cassava. | neurological disorders have been reported from parts of africa with protein-deficient populations and attributed to cyanide (cn-) exposure from prolonged dietary use of cassava, a cyanophoric plant. cyanide is normally metabolized to thiocyanate (scn-) by the sulfur-dependent enzyme rhodanese. however, in protein-deficient subjects where sulfur amino acids (saa) are low, cn may conceivably be converted to cyanate (ocn-), which is known to cause neurodegenerative disease in humans and animals. th ... | 1999 | 10478859 |
| [xanthan production by xanthomonas campestris in a non-conventional culture medium]. | among 3 varieties of xanthomonas campestris, the variety ocumo (x. campestris pv. ocumo), showed the greatest capacity for producing xanthan. this bacteria grows appropriately and produces this polysaccharide in a wide diversity of carbohydrate sources. however, this strain does not produce xanthan when the carbohydrate comes from lignocellulosic materials. the glucose syrup favepro was the carbon source that showed the best yield (23 g/l) with the greatest viscosity (7000 cps) of xanthan. the o ... | 1999 | 10974710 |
| [study on factors influencing agrobacterium-mediated cassava transformation]. | factors influencing agrobacterium-mediated cassava transformation were investigated. among the four agrobacterium strains tested, lba 4404 (ptok 233) and lba 4404 (pbin9gusint) gave higher transient expression than c 58 c1 (pig121hm) and eha 105 (pbin9husint). pretreatment of explants by bombardment or vaccum had no significant effect on transient expression while preinduction of agrobacterium with acetosyringone showed better effects, and preculture of explants showed worse effects. all the cul ... | 1999 | 12548867 |
| recent advances in cassava pest management. | cassava (manihot esculenta) occupies a uniquely important position as a food security crop for smallholder farmers in ares of the tropics where climate, soils, or societal stresses constrain production. given its reliability and productivity, cassava is the most important locally produced food in a third of the world's low-income, food-deficit countries. it is the fourth most important source of carbohydrates for human consumption in the tropics, after rice, sugar, and maize. world production of ... | 1999 | 9990720 |
| sodium cyanate alters glutathione homeostasis in rodent brain: relationship to neurodegenerative diseases in protein-deficient malnourished populations in africa. | sodium cyanate, a neurotoxic chemical in rodents, primates and humans, is implicated in neurodegenerative disorders in protein-deficient populations subsisting in parts of africa on the cyanogenic plant cassava. the molecular and cellular mechanisms of cyanate neurotoxicity are not understood. this study investigates the effect of sodium cyanate on glutathione (gsh) homeostasis in rodent brain and liver in vitro and in vivo. gsh levels in mouse brain were rapidly, time- and dose-dependently decr ... | 1999 | 10023026 |
| effect of cassava on motor co-ordination and neurotransmitter level in the albino rat. | the root of cassava, a tropical plant, is consumed in the tropics and has been attributed as the cause for various tropical neuropathies. this study aims to discover the neurotoxic effects of chronic cassava consumption of indian origin and the effect of malnutrition. the assessment is based on the motor co-ordination and brain neurotransmitters in rats. cassava consumption reduced the motor co-ordination, but the changes in neurotransmitter levels due to cassava consumption (except for 5ht in c ... | 1999 | 10069482 |
| modified starch enhances absorption and accelerates recovery in experimental diarrhea in rats. | rice gruels have been used as home remedies to treat dehydration associated with diarrheal illness in developing countries. these preparations have produced conflicting results, most likely due to the heterogeneity of starch used. we investigated whether the modified tapioca starch, textra (tx), at 5.0 or 10.0 g/l added to a 90 mmol/l na+-111 mmol glucose oral rehydration solution (ors) enhanced water and electrolyte absorption in two models of diarrhea. to induce a secretory state (model a), th ... | 1999 | 10088661 |
| aflp fingerprinting: an efficient technique for detecting genetic variation of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. | xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam) is the causative agent of cassava bacterial blight (cbb), a worldwide disease that is particularly destructive in south america and africa. cbb is controlled essentially through the use of resistant varieties. to develop an appropriate disease management strategy, the genetic diversity of the pathogen's populations must be assessed. until now, the genetic diversity of xam was characterized by rflp analyses using ribotyping, and plasmid and genomic xam p ... | 1999 | 10206688 |
| aflp assessment of genetic variability in cassava accessions (manihot esculenta) resistant and susceptible to the cassava bacterial blight (cbb). | cassava bacterial blight (cbb) is caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam). resistance is found in manihot esculenta and, in addition, has been introgressed from a wild relative, m. glaziovii. the resistance is thought to be polygenic and additively inherited. ninety-three varieties of m. esculenta (crantz) were assessed by aflps for genetic diversity and for resistance to cbb. aflp analysis was performed using two primer combinations and a 79.2% level of polymorphism was found. the ... | 1999 | 10231955 |
| identification of genes directly and indirectly involved in the insect transmission of african cassava mosaic geminivirus by bemisia tabaci. | the inability to transmit progeny virus resulting from the cloned components of an isolate of african cassava mosaic virus originating from kenya (acmv-k) has been shown to be due to defects in both genomic components. this was achieved by the production of infectious pseudorecombinants between acmv-k and the cloned components of a whitefly-transmissible acmv isolate originating from nigeria (acmv-nog). the exchange of gene fragments between acmv-k and acmv-nog has been used to demonstrate that ... | 1999 | 10334034 |
| purification and properties of a novel raw starch degrading cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase from bacillus firmus. | a novel raw starch degrading cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase; e.c. 2.4.1.19), produced by bacillus firmus, was purified to homogeneity by ultrafiltration, affinity and gel filtration chromatography. the molecular weight of the pure protein was estimated to be 78,000 and 82,000 da, by sds-page and gel filtration, respectively. the pure enzyme had a ph optimum in the range 5.5-8.5. it was stable over the ph range 7-11 at 10 degrees c, and at ph 7.0 at 60 degrees c. the optimum tempera ... | 1999 | 10341434 |
| development of a new semiselective medium for isolating xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis from plant material and soil. | abstract an effective control for bacterial blight of cassava (manihot esculenta), caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis, requires the use of non-contaminated cuttings and seeds. using classical agar plating techniques for screening planting material for contamination has not been very successful because of the lack of a reliable semiselective agar medium. the pathogen grows slowly on general plating media and is easily overgrown by saprophytic bacteria during isolation from diseased pl ... | 1999 | 18944695 |
| an enzymatic assay for the total cyanide content of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | 1999 | 96301 | |
| chemical, physical and morphometric properties of peruvian carrot (arracacia xanthorrhiza b.) starch. | starch was isolated from peruvian carrot (pc)--or arracacha--(arraccacia xanthorrhiza b.) roots. its chemical, physical, physicochemical and granular structural properties were compared to those of commercial cassava starch. scanning electron microscopy revealed a granular size for pc starch ranging between 4 and 26 microns in diameter, with spherical and truncated-egg shapes. pc and cassava starches were similar regarding gross chemical composition and basic physical characteristics but differe ... | 1999 | 10974715 |
| [alternative foods: a critical analysis of a proposal for nutritional intervention] | the nationwide use of a 'multimixture' a formula based on alternative foods such as rice and/or wheat bran, sesame and squash seeds, cassava, beet and carrot leaves, several indigenous leafy vegetables, and ground egg shells has been proposed by the national institute of food and nutrition (inan) as an official solution to fight hunger among poor brazilians. the fragile nutritional state of the target population may make technical or ethical questions appear purely academic, yet nutritional, tox ... | 1998 | 9592227 |
| cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv), type species for a new genus of plant double stranded dna viruses? | the complete sequence of 8159 nucleotides of the double stranded dna genome of cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) was determined (# u59751) and revealed a significant difference in genome organization when compared with a previous report (# u20341). when transferred to cassava plants by microbombardment, the full length csvmv clone was infectious, confirming the genome organization here described. sequence comparisons between csvmv and members of the genera caulimovirus and badnavirus revealed hi ... | 1998 | 9645200 |
| effect of dietary vitamin e supplementation on pork quality. | the purpose of this experiment was to examine the effect of dietary vitamin e supplementation on pork quality, and in particular on colour stability. crossbred pigs (n = 72) at a mean weight of 44 kg were assigned to one of two treatments. one group received, during a period of 84 days prior to slaughter, a tapioca based diet, which contained 8 mg vitamin e per kg feed. the other group received during this period the same diet, except it was supplemented with 200 mg vitamin e per kg feed. muscle ... | 1998 | 22063309 |
| [nutritional evaluation of protein quality of cassava leaf combined with casein by plastein reaction]. | the present work was conducted to obtain a proteic product and to evaluate its biological value in order to be used for human and/or domestic animal consumption. thus, it were used cassava leaves as a non conventional source of protein. it was produced a freeze-dried, fat-free and colourless proteic isolated from those leaves (clpi). this was mixed with casein and after the mixture as enzymatically hydrolyzed and resynthesized (plastein reaction) to obtain a precipitated (pp) and a soluble plast ... | 1998 | 10347695 |
| nucleotide sequence and intergeminiviral homologies of the dna-a of papaya leaf curl geminivirus from india. | coat protein gene, rep protein gene and intergenic region of the genome of a whitefly transmitted geminivirus (wtg) causing severe leaf curl in papaya plants were pcr amplified, cloned and sequenced. comparison of the amino acid sequence of the putative coat protein product of papaya leaf curl virus (plcv) with some other mono and bipartite wtgs revealed a maximum of 89.8% homology with indian cassava mosaic virus. the genomic organization of plcv-india is similar to other wtgs with bipartite ge ... | 1998 | 9635134 |
| the defense-related rice gene pir7b encodes an alpha/beta hydrolase fold protein exhibiting esterase activity towards naphthol as-esters. | acquired resistance of rice to pyricularia oryzae, the causing agent of rice blast, can be induced by inoculation with the non-host pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. we have previously cloned a cdna and a corresponding gene (pir7b) whose transcripts accumulate upon infiltration with the resistance-inducing bacteria. the putative encoded product pir7b exhibits significant sequence similarity to two recently cloned hydroxynitrile lyases from manihot esculenta (cassava) and hevea brasisli ... | 1998 | 9652390 |
| influence of dietary habits on thyroid status of a nomadic people, the bororo shepherds, roaming a central african region affected by severe iodine deficiency. | in contrast with the endemic goiter reported in several african countries, the nomadic bororos of the central african republic have an unexpectedly low prevalence of goiter. this study was conducted to elucidate this puzzling observation. | 1998 | 9678536 |
| functional organization of the cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) promoter. | cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) is a pararetrovirus that infects cassava plants in brazil. a promoter fragment isolated from csvmv, comprising nucleotides -443 to +72, was previously shown to direct strong constitutive gene expression in transgenic plants. here we report the functional architecture of the csvmv promoter fragment. a series of promoter deletion mutants were fused to the coding sequence of uida reporter gene and the chimeric genes were introduced into transgenic tobacco plants. p ... | 1998 | 9700077 |
| hyperglycemic effect of low protein cassava diet. | hyperglycemic effect of cassava diet in presence of varying amounts of protein has been carried out. the rats fed a low protein high cyanide diet showed an increase in the blood glucose and a decrease in the liver glycogen. the activity of glycogen phosphorylase, glucose 6-phosphatase and phosphoglucomutase showed higher levels in the liver of low protein high cyanide group compared to the control group. also, the activity of hexokinase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in the liver of high ... | 1998 | 9754064 |
| types of variation in dna-a among isolates of east african cassava mosaic virus from kenya, malawi and tanzania. | complete nucleotide sequences of the dna-a-like molecules of three east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv) isolates from kenya (-k, 2801 nt) and malawi (-mh and -mk, both 2804 nt) were determined. these sequences were compared with that published for a tanzanian isolate (-t, 2801 nt) and the partial sequence of a third malawian isolate. intergenic region sequences of all isolates, and deduced amino acid sequences of their ac1 (rep) proteins, each formed a tightly related cluster that was disti ... | 1998 | 9820161 |
| lactobacillus manihotivorans sp. nov., a new starch-hydrolysing lactic acid bacterium isolated during cassava sour starch fermentation. | two lactobacillus strains were isolated from sour cassava starch fermentation. the cells were gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile rods. they produced only l(+)lactate and were homofermentative. growth occurred at ph values of 5.0-7.0 and optimum growth occurred at ph 6.0. growth was positive at 15 and 45 degrees c. the dna g + c content was 48.4 +/- 0.2 mol%. sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene revealed that strains ond 32t and yam 1 clustered with, but were separa ... | 1998 | 9828412 |
| physicochemical properties and garification (gari yield) of selected cassava cultivars in rivers state, nigeria. | gari was processed from six different cassava cultivars tms 3575, tms 3044, hormone treated variety (htv), tms 30555, tms 40944 and tms 30572. chemical analyses of the gari samples showed ph values of: 4.0, 4.0, 3.9, 3.6, 3.4, 3.6 and total titratable acidity of 0.99, 0.99, 0.98, 0.85, 0.96, 0.85 (% lactic acid) for tms 3575, 3044, htv, 30555, 30572, and 40944 respectively. physical characteristics of the samples showed the swelling index of 264.5%, 223.5%, 364.0%, 321.3%, 241.3% and 232.7%, wat ... | 1998 | 9839812 |
| sorghum for human food--a review. | a brief review of literature on sorghum for human foods and on the relationship among some kernel characteristics and food quality is presented. the chief foods prepared with sorghum, such as tortilla, porridge, couscous and baked goods are described. tortillas, prepared with 75% of whole sorghum and 25% of yellow maize, are better than those prepared with whole sorghum alone. a porridge formulation with a 30:40:30 mix of sorghum, maize and cassava respectively, has been shown to be the most acc ... | 1998 | 9839838 |
| molecular characterisation of a distinct south african cassava infecting geminivirus. | african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv) are whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (wtgs) which are widespread in cassava in africa and cause serious yield losses. recently, a new geminivirus affecting cassava in south africa (sacmv) has been reported. in this work sacmv was found to have dna-a and dna-b components. comparisons of amino acid sequences of the putative coat protein, and nucleotide sequences of the common region and a 687-bp dna b fragment of s ... | 1998 | 9856107 |
| dietary deficiency of cystine and methionine in rats alters thiol homeostasis required for cyanide detoxification. | nutritional status is an important factor in modulating the metabolic fate of xenobiotics. sulfur amino acid (saa) deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for human neurological diseases among protein-poor populations subsisting on the cyanophoric plant cassava. female sprague-dawley rats were used to develop and define a model of saa deficiency for use in future studies examining cassava-related neurotoxicity. rats were kept in metabolic cages for 7-21 d and fed a balanced diet (bd) of kn ... | 1998 | 9885999 |
| lipid content and essential fatty acid (efa) composition of mature congolese breast milk are influenced by mothers' nutritional status: impact on infants' efa supply. | to measure the lipid content and the fatty acid (fa) composition of breast milk as part of a nutritional survey of the essential fatty acid (efa) status of 5 months old congolese infants. design: cross sectional nutrition survey. | 1998 | 9537300 |
| thermal and rheological properties and textural attributes of reduced-fat turkey batters. | currently, modified potato and tapioca starches are used as functional additives in formulating reduced- and low-fat frankfurters. however, cornstarches may serve as alternative sources for comminuted meat systems. meat batters formulated with ground turkey, 2% sodium chloride, 25% distilled-deionized water (ice), and 4% starch, including acid-thinned dent corn (atdc), cross-linked waxy maize (xlwm), cross-linked dent corn (xldc), modified potato (mp), acid-thinned dent corn with xanthan gum (at ... | 1998 | 9565249 |
| influence of dietary factors on the ph and ammonia emission of slurry from growing-finishing pigs. | we investigated the effects of dietary factors on the ph and the ammonia emission from slurry of growing-finishing pigs. sixteen male hybrid pigs (80 to 90 kg bw) were allotted to one of four diets based on barley-wheat, tapioca, barley-tapioca, and sugar beet pulp. diets were formulated to have similar ne and cp contents and a similar lysine:ne ratio. diets differed in nonstarch polysaccharide content (nsp) and dietary electrolyte balance (deb). urine and feces were daily collected quantitative ... | 1998 | 9581936 |
| improvement of garri quality by the inoculation of microorganisms into cassava mash. | lactobacillus delbruckii, lactobacillus coryneformis, and a saccharomyces sp., previously found among 214 isolates to be the highest producers of linamarase, amylase, and lysine were inoculated separately or mixed into cassava mash and fermented with, or without dewatering, for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h. at the end of the fermentation period, the mash was converted to garri by heating over a gas burner. the mash and the garri resulting from it were assessed for lysine and residual cyanide, while ... | 1998 | 9600609 |
| recombination between viral dna and the transgenic coat protein gene of african cassava mosaic geminivirus. | nicotiana benthamiana was transformed with three different constructs (pcra1, pcra2 and pjc1) containing the coat protein coding sequence of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv). transformed plants were inoculated with a coat protein deletion mutant of acmv that induces mild systemic symptoms in control plants. several inoculated plants of transgenic lines cra1/3, cra1/4, cra2/1 and cra2/2 developed severe systemic symptoms typical of acmv. dna analysis revealed that, in these plants, recombinati ... | 1998 | 9603342 |
| beta-cyclodextrin production by simultaneous fermentation and cyclization. | production of beta-cyclodextrin (cd) with high-dextrose equivalent (de) starch hydrolysates by simultaneous fermentation and cyclization (sfc) gives higher yields than using only the enzyme cgtase, because fermentation eliminates glucose and maltose that inhibit cd production, while at the same time, produces ethanol that increases yield. a 10% (w/v) solution of cassava starch, liquefied with alpha-amylase, was incubated with cgtase using: only the enzyme, added ethanol (from 1 to 5%), and added ... | 1998 | 9627399 |
| proabsorptive effects of modified tapioca starch as an additive of oral rehydration solutions. | partially hydrolyzed starches from staple cereals, obtained by heat or by enzymatic treatment, are often used in the formulation of homemade or extemporaneously used oral rehydration solutions used in developing countries. conflicting or anecdotal results obtained thus far could be clarified with a standardized preparation tested under well-controlled laboratory conditions. | 1998 | 9669721 |
| parameters of thyroid function in the endemic goitre of akungba and oke-agbe villages of akoko area of southwestern nigeria. | the parameters of thyroid function were determined in akungba and oke-agbe communities of akoko area, where goiter is endemic and compared to a control population of erinmo and ifewara in ijesha area, both areas being in southwestern nigeria. the two study areas have similar physical and geological settings. however, while the main carbohydrate source of the control population are yam and/or bread-fruit, the akoko population derives her carbohydrates mainly from cassava which could lead to incre ... | 1998 | 10497657 |
| lipid content and fatty acid composition in foods commonly consumed by nursing congolese women: incidences on their essential fatty acid intakes and breast milk fatty acids. | the fat content and fatty acid (fa) composition of nearly 40 foods, currently consumed by 102 nursing congolese mothers living in brazzaville, were determined to assess their impact on mothers' essential fatty acid (efa) intakes and breast milk fa. data on mothers' milk fa and dietary habits which allowed food selection were recently published (rocquelin et al., 1998). most foods were locally produced. food samples were collected at local markets, bleached if necessary to avoid microbial degrada ... | 1998 | 10367004 |
| the energetic value of nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to physical activity in group-housed, growing pigs. | the dose response effect of dietary nonstarch polysaccharide (nsp) content on physical activity in relation to metabolic rate in pigs was studied. twelve clusters of 14 pigs (50-kg castrated males) were fed one of four diets, similar in composition, except for the starch and nsp content. the difference in starch and nsp ratio was created by exchanging sugar beet pulp silage (sbps) for tapioca. on a dm basis, diets contained 0, 5, 10, or 15% sbps. pigs were housed in groups and fed at 2.5 times t ... | 1998 | 9928606 |
| infectivity of african cassava mosaic virus clones to cassava by biolistic inoculation. | clones of an african cassava mosaic virus isolate originating from nigeria (acmv-nog) were shown to be infectious to cassava by biolistic inoculation. the production of pseudorecombinants between acmv-nog and clones of an acmv isolate originating from kenya (acmv-k) indicated that the lack of infectivity of acmv-k to cassava was due to defect(s) in the dna b genomic component; this component encodes two proteins involved in cell-to-cell movement. this is the first demonstration of infectivity of ... | 1998 | 9930204 |
| dietary composition and ovarian function among lese horticulturalist women of the ituri forest, democratic republic of congo. | to assess dietary composition in relation to energetic status and ovarian function. | 1998 | 9578338 |
| cyanogenesis in cassava. the role of hydroxynitrile lyase in root cyanide production | in the cyanogenic crop cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz), the final step in cyanide production is the conversion of acetone cyanohydrin, the deglycosylation product of linamarin, to cyanide plus acetone. this process occurs spontaneously at ph greater than 5. 0 or enzymatically and is catalyzed by hydroxynitrile lyase (hnl). recently, it has been demonstrated that acetone cyanohydrin is present in poorly processed cassava root food products. since it has generally been assumed that hnl is pres ... | 1998 | 9536038 |
| treatment of cyanide-containing wastewater from the food industry in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed methanogenic reactor. | during the process of producing cassava starch from manihot esculenta roots, large amounts of cyanoglycosides were released, which rapidly decayed to cn- following enzymatic hydrolysis. depending on the varying cyanoglycoside content of the cassava varieties, the cyanide concentration in the wastewater was as high as 200 mg/l. to simulate anaerobic stabilization, a wastewater with a chemical oxygen demand (cod) of about 20 g/l was prepared from cassava roots and was fermented in a fixed-bed meth ... | 1998 | 9534260 |
| effects of fat level, tapioca starch and whey protein on frankfurters formulated with 5% and 12% fat. | the effects of fat level (5% and 12%), tapioca starch and whey protein on the hydration/ binding properties, colour, textural and sensory characteristics of frankfurters were investigated. decreasing the fat content increased cook loss and decreased emulsion stability and product lightness. fat reduction increased smoke, spice and salt intensities and increased overall flavour intensity and juiciness. texture profile analysis (tpa) indicated that fat reduction decreased gumminess and cohesivenes ... | 1998 | 22062889 |
| genomic organization and structure of alpha-hydroxynitrile lyase in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | two clones with homology to the alpha-hydroxynitrile lyase (hnl) cdna clone, mehnl10, were isolatedfrom a lambdaembl3 cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) genomic library. analysis of the sequences showed that both genomic clones contain hnl genes (mehnl4, mehnl24) which are interrupted by two introns. rt-pcr analysis of mehnl4 shows that it is expressed at high levels in seedling roots and at lower levels in cotyledons and young leaves. the deduced amino acid sequences of mehnl4, mehnl10, and meh ... | 1998 | 9705200 |
| brief communication: first evidence of lsamat in non-native americans: historic senegalese from west africa. | to date, the distinctive dental wear pattern known as lsamat, or "lingual surface attrition of the maxillary anterior teeth," has been documented in prehistoric samples from brazil, panama, and puerto rico only. however, new data from a historic senegalese sample reveals the first example of this wear pattern outside the americas. the senegal lsamat is present in 45% of 22 adult crania, and is associated with a caries rate of 40% in 38 adults (6.7% of 534 permanent teeth). a correlation between ... | 1997 | 9034045 |
| geographical differentiation of the population of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in colombia. | analyses of dna polymorphism and virulence variation were used to evaluate the population structure of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, the pathogen causing cassava bacterial blight in colombia. we collected strains from the major cassava-growing regions which can be grouped into different edaphoclimatic zones (eczs) according to environmental conditions, production constraints, and economic parameters. dna polymorphism was assessed by a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, us ... | 1997 | 16535731 |
| [the use of a multimix as a dietary supplement: study in rats]. | a multimistura (mm)--sweet cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) leaf flour, wheat bran (tritium aestivum l.), egg shell powder, pumpkin (cucurbita spp) and sunflower (heliantus annus) seed flours--was added to a mixture of beans, 7% (phaseolus vulgaris) and rice, 3% (oryza sativa) and its effects, were assessed in weanling, male albino (wistar) rats (n = 60). animals were divided into 6 groups: groups 1, 2 and 3 were fed beans + rice + multimixture (b + r + mm), beans + rice (b + r) and 10% casein ... | 1997 | 9673680 |
| [production of cassava whole meal (n. esculenta crantz) to prepare a feed for growing chicks. i. chemical and nutritive characterization of leaves, roots and cassava whole meal]. | cassava roots are frequently used as a energy source in feeds. the leaves due to their high fiber content, are not used in animal feeds despite they have a good content of protein and a balanced level of essential amino acids. the purpose of this research was to produce a cassava whole meal (cwf) with low content of fiber for using in chick feed. leaves and roots of cassava by separated, were dried at 60 degrees c for 20 h, ground in a hammermill and passed through a 60 mesh sieve. by this proce ... | 1997 | 9673702 |
| [production of cassava whole meal (n. esculenta crantz) to prepare a feed for growing chicks. ii. evaluation of cassava whole meal in growing chicks]. | about 50% of the raw materials used for poultry feeds are constituted of sorghum as a energy source. the purpose of this work was to evaluate the nutritional quality of a cassava whole meal (cwf: 61.2% and 38.8% of root and leaf flours, respectively) for growing chicks. the sorghum was partially substituted from a basal diet by 15, 30 and 45% of cwf. four diets based of sorghum, soybean meal and cwf were formulated. levels of 0.0, 8.6, 16.4 and 23.7% of cwf were included in the diets. white vant ... | 1997 | 9673703 |
| soluble and insoluble fiber contents of some cameroonian foodstuffs. | as a result of the lack of reliable data on the fiber content of african foodstuffs, a study to determine the dietary fiber contents (soluble, insoluble and total) on a dry weight basis of a selected variety of major cameroonian foods was conducted. the influence of processing and preparation methods on the fiber content was also assessed. vegetables were found to be the richest source of total dietary fiber (57%), followed by legumes and seeds (30%) and fruits (16.5%). okro (hibiscus esculenta) ... | 1997 | 9629860 |
| dietary secondary amines and liver hepatoma in port harcourt, nigeria. | dietary secondary amines of some nigerian foodstuffs were analyzed by soxhlet extraction, using petroleum ether (b.p. 60-80 degrees c); followed by thin layer chromatography developed in a solvent system; n-butanol: 95% ethanol: water (4:2:1) for the qualitative test. each uv fluorescent band in the test chromatogram was scraped and eluted with distilled water, filtered and assayed for secondary amine content for the quantitative test. quantitative estimations were by the colorimetric methods. t ... | 1997 | 9629865 |