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persistence of mycoplasma hominis after therapy: importance of tetracycline resistance and of coexisting vaginal flora.in past studies mycoplasma hominis has persisted after treatment with placebo, penicillins, or rifampin in 88-97% of women and 49-77% of men with infections of the lower genital tract. among women with nonspecific vaginitis, m. hominis persisted in only a third of those treated with metronidazole as compared with at least 70% of those treated with ampicillin (p = 0.01), even though m. hominis is resistant in vitro to metronidazole and to its acid and hydroxy metabolites. persistence of m. homini ...19836229892
incidence of genital mycoplasmas in women at the time of diagnostic laparoscopy.the cervicovaginal and endometrial isolation rates of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis and relevant demographic data were obtained at the time of laparoscopy in 193 women from infertile marriage. for comparative purposes, fertile women undergoing laparoscopy for tubal ligation (n = 56) or other purposes (n = 64) were also cultured. blacks were more likely than caucasians to be infected with either organism in all population types (p less than or equal to .05); however, no difference ...19836236618
etiology of recurrent pregnancy losses and outcome of subsequent pregnancies.prospective evaluation of 155 couples with two or more consecutive pregnancy losses disclosed uterine morphologic abnormalities in 27%, chromosomal abnormalities in 21 individuals (7.7%, or 15.4% of the couples), and at least one abnormal diagnostic test suggestive of a cause for recurrent pregnancy losses in 106 (68%). a positive test for antinuclear antibody was found in 7.5% of the women, whereas the expected rate in a population of this age is less than 2%. cervical cultures for ureaplasma u ...19836604890
antigens of mycoplasma hominis.the antigens of mycoplasma hominis have previously been defined by means of functional assays with rabbit antisera and have been found to be predominantly protein. in this study, sera from humans as well as those from rabbits were shown to recognize protein antigens of m. hominis in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) that depended on antigen-binding capacity rather than biologic function. although the elisa was more independent of the strain of m. hominis used as antigen than was the m ...19836607544
the activity of miokamycin (mom) against chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmas in vitro.the activity of miokamycin, a new macrolide, was investigated against chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis, in vitro. miokamycin was found to be similar in activity to doxycycline and erythromycin against chlam. trachomatis and u. urealyticum. against mycopl. hominis, miokamycin had an activity clearly superior to erythromycin.19836608516
nonspecific vaginitis and other genital infections in three clinic populations.nonspecific vaginitis was present in 37% of 40 patients attending the special urology (sexually transmitted disease) clinic at the victoria general hospital, in 23% of 75 patients attending the family planning clinic, and in 23% of 13 patients attending the prenatal clinic at the grace maternity hospital in halifax, nova scotia. the mean prevalence was 27%. subjective complaints of vaginal odor were significantly associated with nonspecific vaginitis (p less than .001), but symptoms of vaginal d ...19836648745
symposia: mycoplasma hominis--a human pathogen. 19836648751
scalp abscess associated with mycoplasma hominis infection complicating intrapartum monitoring. 19836657503
the prevalence of genital chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmal infections during pregnancy in an american indian population.the epidemiology of cervical infection with chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum among a group of pregnant american indian women was investigated. the prevalences of these microorganisms were 24-30% for c. trachomatis, 50% for m. hominis, and 80% for u. urealyticum. these rates are unusually high for an unselected sample. infection with c. trachomatis was correlated with younger age but not with primigravidity or educational level. neither m. hominis nor u. ureal ...19836665663
chemical composition and ultrastructure of mycoplasma hominis.mycoplasma hominis belongs to the family mycoplasmataceae, which includes the smallest free-living organisms known to exist. despite the small size of the organism, its chemical composition and cell structure are almost as complex as in other bacteria. the cytoplasm contains typical 70s bacterial ribosomes and a circular double-stranded dna molecule. both of these structures have been well characterized. like other mycoplasmas, m. hominis lacks a cell wall. the cytoplasmic membrane is the outer ...19836665666
biochemistry of mycoplasma hominis.the growth of mycoplasma hominis is stimulated by arginine. a possible mechanism for degradation of this amino acid is the arginine dihydrolase pathway. the first enzyme of the pathway, arginine deiminase, is inducible in m. hominis. evidence exists that the dihydrolase pathway is not the major pathway to production of adenosine triphosphate in the organism. m. hominis does not take up nucleosides from the growth medium, although the metabolic processes required for the transformation of precurs ...19836665667
evaluation of culture media for the recovery of mycoplasma hominis from the human urogenital tract.specimens from the cervix or posterior vaginal fornix of 50 women attending a venereal disease clinic and from the urethra of 50 men with nongonococcal urethritis were cultured for mycoplasma hominis. recovery of the organism in two conventional mycoplasma culture media containing horse serum was compared with that in sp-4 broth medium (which is used for the culture of fastidious mycoplasmas). m. hominis was isolated from approximately 63% of the specimens from women by means of either of the ho ...19836665668
epidemiology of mycoplasma hominis.mycoplasma hominis colonizes the vagina of women and the urethra of men. the organism is also isolated from beneath the foreskin of uncircumcised men. it is sexually transmitted. m. hominis is isolated from a small proportion of children and sexually inexperienced adults. among sexually experienced adults, rates of colonization rise in relation to the lifetime number of sexual partners. even with sexual experience taken into account, the organism is more prevalent among young individuals and amo ...19836665669
the role of mycoplasmas in the upper genital tract of women.mycoplasma hominis is isolated from the cervix of 10-20% of healthy, fertile women. in contrast, the organism is recovered from the lower genital tract of 50-70% of women with pelvic inflammatory disease. moreover, a significant antibody response to m. hominis is found in one-fourth of all patients with clinical and/or laparoscopic signs of pelvic inflammatory disease. these results suggest that m. hominis is etiologically involved in inflammation in approximately 25% of patients with acute pelv ...19836665670
isolation of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum from amniotic fluid at 16-20 weeks of gestation: potential effect on outcome of pregnancy.samples from 61 amniotic fluids (33 discolored and 28 clear) collected by amniocentesis between 16 and 20 weeks gestation were cultured for microorganisms. two of the discolored fluids were positive for mycoplasma hominis, and two were positive for ureaplasma urealyticum. neither organism was isolated from samples of clear amniotic fluids. no other bacteria, viruses, or chlamydiae were isolated from fluids of any patient. the results prove that both m. hominis and u. urealyticum can infect the a ...19836665671
mycoplasma hominis and intrauterine infection in late pregnancy.amniotic fluid was collected via a transcervical intrauterine catheter from patients with clinical evidence of intrauterine infection and from uninfected comparison patients. the amniotic fluid was cultured for mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum, as well as for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. two series of patients are reported. in the first, there were 52 patients with intraamniotic infection and 52 matched controls. eighteen patients (35%) with intraamniotic infection and four contr ...19836665672
mycoplasma hominis: a placental pathogen?current information on the role played by mycoplasma hominis in placental inflammation was reviewed. m. hominis is associated with chorioamnionitis and funisitis, but the clinical significance of this association in not clear. further research on the role of the organism in perinatal disease is needed. meanwhile, in a gravely ill infant with a history of prolonged rupture of the placental membranes, chorioamnionitis, and funisitis, m. hominis should probably be considered a potential pathogen, c ...19836665673
prospective studies of mycoplasma hominis infection in pregnancy.the prevalence of mycoplasma hominis infection in ten different studies of pregnant women ranged from 7.3% to 50%. it is unclear, however to what extent m. hominis is a pathogen to the mother or fetus. prospective studies have attempted to investigate the role of m. hominis in complications of pregnancy. several have indicated a role for the agent in postpartum fever and endometritis, but only one so far has demonstrated the association in a large-scale sample independent of other suspected path ...19836665674
etiologic role of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in women with the acute urethral syndrome.in an assessment of the possible etiologic role of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in the acute urethral syndrome (aus) in women, 79 women with aus, 35 women with acute bacterial cystitis, and 66 asymptomatic volunteers were studied. evidence against an etiologic role for m. hominis in aus included: (1) a similar prevalence of the organism among women with aus (18%), women with cystitis (29%), and asymptomatic women (15%); (2) a lack of association of m. hominis with aus cases for ...19836665675
mycoplasma hominis and interstitial cystitis.antibodies to mycoplasma hominis were detected by indirect hemagglutination in nine (56%) of 16 patients with chronic interstitial cystitis. in seven patients (44%), titers of greater than or equal to 160 were found. antibodies to ureaplasma urealyticum were detected in three (19%) of these patients; in only one patient was a high titer, i.e., greater than or equal to 160, found. m. hominis was isolated from voided urine of two patients, and u. urealyticum was recovered from the urine of three p ...19836665676
mycoplasma hominis infection of the central nervous system in newborn infants.the incidence of infections of the central nervous system caused by mycoplasma hominis in newborn infants is not known. however, such infections occur in both full-term and premature infants, either with or without malformations such as myelomeningocele. m. hominis has also been recovered from brain abscesses. infected infants usually present with signs of meningitis or meningoencephalitis. hydrocephalus may develop. the cerebrospinal fluid characteristically has a reduced glucose content and an ...19836665677
mycoplasma hominis: a review of its role as a respiratory tract pathogen of humans.mycoplasma hominis seldom colonizes the human respiratory tract and only rarely causes acute respiratory infection. it can be recovered from the respiratory secretions of 1-3% of healthy persons and of less than or equal to 8% of persons with chronic respiratory disease, but it has not been implicated definitely in the etiology of this disease or in the exacerbations that characterize its course. m. hominis has been isolated from less than or equal to 6% of persons with acute pharyngitis or acut ...19836665678
organ culture studies with mycoplasma hominis.organ cultures have been a valuable aid in the study of the interaction of pathogenic microorganisms with differentiated cells in vitro. most studies of mycoplasma hominis in tracheal and fallopian tube organ cultures using conventional light microscopic techniques have been unable to detect any clear cytopathic effects. more recent work, using sophisticated methods to examine the epithelial surface of fallopian tubes in culture, have now revealed alterations in the morphology and function of th ...19836665679
monkey animal model for study of mycoplasmal infections of the urogenital tract.various experimental monkey models have been used for the study of mycoplasmal infections of the urogenital tract. direct inoculation of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum into the urethra of male monkeys resulted in successful reisolation of the organisms from the urethra without giving rise to signs of urethritis during the observation period. the organisms were inoculated into the posterior fornix of the vagina of female grivet monkeys. during the ten-week observation period, there ...19836665680
studies on ciliated epithelia of the human genital tract. iv. mucociliary wave activity in organ cultures of human fallopian tubes challenged with mycoplasma hominis.ciliary activity was studied in specimens of fallopian tube mucosa that were maintained as organ cultures and experimentally infected with mycoplasma hominis. this activity was quantitated by an established method for recording of the light reflexes from the ridges and troughs in the mucous layer in which the cilia are beating. in organ cultures infected with m. hominis, a ciliostatic effect was observed; the proportion of organ cultures with no detectable ciliary activity was higher and the num ...19836665681
tetracycline resistance in mycoplasma hominis.the composition of the cytoplasmic membrane of a clinical isolate of mycoplasma hominis that was resistant to tetracycline (minimal inhibitory concentration, 30 micrograms/ml) was compared with that of a susceptible strain (minimal inhibitory concentration, less than 1 microgram/ml). neither differences in passive permeability of the lipid portion of the membrane to the drug nor modulation of active transport by membrane lipids explained the resistance to tetracycline. polyacrylamide gel electro ...19836665682
treatment of extragenital infections caused by mycoplasma hominis.extragenital infections caused by mycoplasma hominis and the indications for antibiotic treatment of such infections were reviewed. invasion of the bloodstream in conjunction with urologic disease or trauma and metastatic spread of m. hominis to the central nervous system or the joints must be treated with effective drugs. in contrast, m. hominis bacteremia in women with febrile abortion and postpartum fever is often transient and self-limiting and does not generally require treatment. a tetracy ...19836665683
role of mycoplasmas in chronic prostatitis.in 17 out of 102 patients with clinically diagnosed chronic prostatitis the disease could be attributed to known urogenital tract pathogens. of the remaining 85 patients, ureaplasma urealyticum was isolated from 38, chlamydia trachomatis from five, and both organisms together from two. the results of antimicrobial treatment of the patients suggest an etiological relationship between ureaplasma urealyticum and certain cases of chronic prostatitis. in these cases urethritis seems to be an accompan ...19836679148
role of genital mycoplasmas in nongonococcal urethritis and prostatitis.the roles of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in the pathogenesis of nongonococcal urethritis (ngu) remain controversial. isolation and serologic studies and results of antibiotic therapy do not provide good evidence that m. hominis causes ngu. the results of some studies of therapy and of some experiments in which humans were inoculated with u. urealyticum indicate that this organism may cause some cases of ngu. however, u. urealyticum is ubiquitous and apparently nonpathogenic at ...19836689378
mycoplasma hominis in nonspecific vaginitis.the prevalence of nonspecific vaginitis was 24% among 98 randomly selected women examined at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases and 32% among 135 women with suspected cervicitis at the same clinic. mycoplasma hominis was isolated more often and serum antibody levels to m. hominis were higher in women with nonspecific vaginitis than in women without nonspecific vaginitis. similarly, the rate of isolation of gardnerella vaginalis and the quantitative growth of g. vaginalis were higher for ...19836689379
mycoplasma hominis in cervicitis and endometritis.the presence of serum igg antibody to mycoplasma hominis was studied by enzyme immunoassay in 150 women with suspected cervicitis at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. positive levels of antibody were associated with gravidity and parity but not with age, method of birth control, or sexual behavior. women from whom m. hominis was isolated had higher antibody levels than those from whom m. hominis was not isolated, regardless of the presence or absence of mucopurulent cervicitis. in wome ...19836689380
isolation of mycoplasma hominis from genital ulcerations of patients in eastern and southern africa.in three separate surveys involving 413 patients in mbabane (swaziland), nairobi (kenya), and carletonville (south africa), mycoplasma hominis was isolated from the base of ulcers in 41 (16%) of 251 men with genital ulcer disease. antibodies to m. hominis were detected by indirect hemagglutination in 89 (51%) of 176 such patients. of these male patients, 15% and 6% had indirect hemagglutinating antibodies at titers of greater than or equal to 160 and greater than or equal to 640, respectively. t ...19836689381
the association of mycoplasma hominis with arthritis.the facts that mycoplasmal arthritis occurs naturally in various animal species and can be induced experimentally have been the main reasons for searching for evidence of mycoplasmal infection in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. there is, however, no evidence that mycoplasma hominis is involved in this disease. on the other hand, m. hominis and other mycoplasmas, including ureaplasma urealyticum, have been isolated from the arthritic joints of several hypogammaglobulinemic patie ...19836689382
association of genital mycoplasmas with exudative vaginitis in a 10 year old: a case of misdiagnosis.a 10-year-old girl with a 1-year history of lower genitourinary tract symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection but with numerous negative urine cultures was referred to the university of alabama urology clinic after empirical treatment with multiple antibiotics failed to resolve her symptoms. an extensive urologic evaluation revealed no structural or physiologic abnormalities, but an exudative vaginitis was noted and large numbers of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis were isolated ...19836823429
a controlled study of genital mycoplasmas in amniotic fluid from patients with intra-amniotic infection.amniotic fluid (af) was collected via a transcervical, intrauterine catheter from 52 patients with clinical intra-amniotic infection (iai) and from 52 matched, uninfected controls. the af was cultured for mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum as well as for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. eighteen (35%) patients with iai and four (8%) controls had m. hominis in af (p less than 0.001). twenty-six (50%) patients with iai and 26 (50%) control patients had u. urealyticum in af (difference no ...19836842005
studies on the role of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in prostatitis.it has definitely been demonstrated that ureaplasma urealyticum is one etiologic agent of nongonococcal urethritis, a sexually transmitted disease. for this reason it seemed possible that the organisms might cause ascending inflammatory reactions of the prostate. quantitative determinations of ureaplasmas and mycoplasma hominis, together with localization studies, were therefore performed to elucidate the importance of these microorganisms in patients with chronic prostatitis. u. urealyticum was ...19836842018
septicemia due to mycoplasma hominis.mycoplasma hominis was recovered from the blood of 7 patients with various underlying disorders. one patient had a legal abortion, another a caesarian section, both followed by septicemia. three patients had genital infections in pregnancy, followed by septicemia and spontaneous abortion. m. hominis was also recovered from cervix and urethra in 2 of these women. high serum antibody levels against m. hominis were demonstrated in 3 women. one female developed septicemia after cancer surgery, one m ...19836844881
serologic evidence of ureaplasma urealyticum infection in women with spontaneous pregnancy loss.among 71 couples with histories of pregnancy wastage, 84.5% were colonized with ureaplasma urealyticum and/or mycoplasma hominis; whereas in couples with successful deliveries the incidence was 25.4%. the distribution of u. urealyticum and m. hominis was comparable in the fertile and infertile populations. of women with positive cultures, 96% aborted, compared with an expected rate of 19% to 45%. serologic studies revealed that, at delivery, 42.9% of infants of mothers with pregnancy losses had ...19836849359
mycoplasma hominis infection of the central nervous system in a neonate.a newborn infant with group b streptococcal sepsis responded to the intravenous administration of antibiotics within 3 days, but then began to show signs of central nervous system infection. routine cultures of cerebrospinal fluid samples were negative, but others done for mycoplasma hominis yielded that organism. after 3 more days of antibiotic therapy, cultures for m. hominis were negative, and the child's recovery was uneventful.19836871803
septic arthritis due to mycoplasma hominis. 19836882481
cervical chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmal infections in pregnancy. epidemiology and outcomes.in a prospective study of chlamydial and mycoplasmal infections in pregnancy, chlamydia trachomatis occurred in 8.0%, mycoplasma hominis in 23.5%, and ureaplasma urealyticum in 72.3% of 1,365 enrollees. by multivariate analysis, c trachomatis was correlated with lower socioeconomic status, age 23 years or younger, and 12 years or less of schooling. ureaplasma urealyticum was correlated with age 23 years or younger and lower socioeconomic status. mycoplasma hominis was correlated with more than o ...19836887487
aetiology and management of non-specific vaginitis.in a study of 100 women with non-specific vaginitis, characterised by a vaginal discharge which was malodorous and pruritic in most cases and caused dyspareunia and dysuria in some, gardnerella vaginalis was isolated in 46% of patients. when present, g vaginalis was significantly associated with mycoplasma hominis and bacteroides species. isolation of g vaginalis was unrelated to the presenting symptoms. treatment with povidone-iodine pessaries for two weeks produced no pronounced benefit, eithe ...19827034858
isolation of mycoplasma hominis from the blood of men with multiple trauma and fever. 19827053444
massive pericardial effusion due to mycoplasma hominis in a newborn. 19827064954
late spontaneous abortion associated with mycoplasma hominis infection of the fetus.a 35-year-old gravida 4 was admitted in pregnancy week 25 because of premature rupture of the fetal membranes. two days later an intra-uterine infection developed. treatment with clindamycin and ampicillin was started. however, she aborted within a few hours. the fetus was of normal size and without malformations. mycoplasma hominis could be isolated from the placenta, cerebrospinal fluid and lungs of the fetus during sterile autopsy, and also from the genital tract of the patient, who had a hig ...19827071530
evidence for an association between chlamydia trachomatis and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.attempts were made to isolate chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum from women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin), from those with microinvasive or invasive cervical cancer, and from a control group of similar women with other gynaecological problems. c. trachomatis was found in a significantly greater proportion of women with cin (8%) or cervical cancer (18%) than in the control group (1%), whereas m. hominis and u. urealyticum were approximately as com ...19827082604
isolation and preliminary characterisation of mycoplasmavirus 20-p.a mycoplasmavirus, mv 20-p, was isolated from the fastidious, slow-growing human mycoplasma 20-p, previously identified by the growth inhibition test as mycoplasma hominis type 2. its broth culture was ultracentrifuged into 35% saccharose, the pellet was resuspensed in buffer, and the suspension was dropped onto laws of the virus indicator acholeplasma laidlawii bcl-13. the virus was washed off the plaque areas by buffer. mv 20-p appeared in electron microscopy as spherical, enveloped particles ...19827098542
[etiological role of mycoplasma hominis in inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract in pregnant and nonpregnant women]. 19827102971
[studies on the aetiology of non-gonococcal urethritis (author's transl)].tests performed on urethral secretion and morning urine specimen identified the causative micro-organism in 143 of 164 males with non-gonococcal urethritis. in 59 patients (36%) there was an infection with chlamydia trachomatis, in 48 (29.2%) with ureaplasma urealyticum in significantly high bacterial counts (greater than or equal to 10(4) kbu/ml) urethral secretion (greater than or equal to 10(3) kbu/ml first urine sample), and in a further 18 patients (11%) double infections with chlamydia tra ...19827106003
mycoplasma hominis septicemia.we report a case of mycoplasma hominis septicemia in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and prostatic obstruction. signs of sepsis followed urinary catheterization, and m. hominis was recovered repeatedly from blood, urine, and pleural fluid. detection in blood was accomplished by routine subculture from grossly negative blood culture bottles.19827130369
attempts to detect by physicochemical methods plasmid dna in mycoplasmas of human origin before and after transformation to tetracycline resistance.physicochemical methods have been used to compare mycoplasma dna capable of the genetic transformation of tetracycline resistance with dna from tetracycline-sensitive mycoplasmas and their transformants. these mycoplasmas were isolated from human patients. the dna extracted from mycoplasma hominis tetr resistant to 100 microgram/ml tetracycline transforms tetracycline resistance to sensitive strains of mycoplasma salivarium tets and mycoplasma hominis tets but not mycoplasma fermentans tets. bul ...19827139411
comparison of two methods for enumeration of mycoplasmas.two methods of viable cell counts were evaluated for mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum: color change unit50 and colony-forming unit. the color change unit50 method gave higher estimates of cell numbers; furthermore, the color change unit50 values correlated better with the dna content of the cell pellet and the published genome sizes.19827153345
[mycoplasma hominis and spontaneous abortion]. 19827168470
infectious disease and perinatal morbidity.excess perinatal morbidity and mortality continue to be major problems in developed and developing nations. most perinatal deaths occur in infants born weighing less than 2500 g. large expenditures of time, equipment, and personnel have led to striking reductions in neonatal mortality. however, rates of prematurity have not declined. exploration of proven causes of prematurity and low birth weight suggests a role for infection that has hitherto not received sufficient attention. women with sympt ...19827180023
treatment of acute salpingitis--with special reference to chlamydia trachomatis.conservative treatment of acute salpingitis should be the rule, surgery the exception. neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and mycoplasma hominis, are common etiological agents in pelvic inflammatory disease, particularly in women below the age of 25 years. in women above that age as well as in those with two or more episodes of acute salpingitis, there is a higher proportion of tubal infections caused by aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. apart from some resistant strains, ...19826958017
vaginitis in sexually active women: relationship to nine sexually transmitted organisms.women seen for symptoms suggestive of vulvovaginitis were studied for the detection of mycoplasma hominis. ureaplasma urealyticum, yeast, neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, gardnerella vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, group b beta-hemolytic streptococci, aerobes, anaerobes, and trichomonas vaginalis. asymptomatic women who reported to be sexually active and agreed to undergo comprehensive genital cultures were used as controls. there was a significant association of vulvovaginitis wit ...19826280502
polymicrobial nature of vaginitis in young women: a microbiological and therapeutic study.thirty-six young females attending the student health service with vaginitis were investigated by serial semiquantitative aerobic, anaerobic, fungal, mycoplasma and viral cultures over a 10 day period and results were correlated with signs and symptoms. antifungal therapy (econazole pessaries and cream) resulted in clearance of candida from 13 out of 16 patients where there was no increase in the anaerobic flora. in the four subjects where candida was isolated along with gardnerella vaginalis pl ...19826283441
peritonitis due to mycoplasma hominis in a renal transplant recipient. 19826752300
a comparative evaluation of vaginal, cervical and peritoneal flora in normal, healthy women: a preliminary report.twelve healthy women undergoing laparoscopic tubal sterilization were studied. specimens were obtained for culture of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and chlamydia trachomatis. the sites cultured included cul-de-sac (through a laparoscope), cul-de-sac (by transvaginal culdocentesis), the vaginal wall, and the endocervical canal. anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the peritoneal cavity of three (25%) of the subjects. these isolates included b. melani ...198210328022
[mycoplasmas and fertility (author's transl)].this article investigates the pathogenic role of mycoplasmas, especially ureaplasma urealyticum, and mycoplasma hominis, on female and male sterility, on pregnancy evolution, and on perinatal infections. many studies attest to the presence of mycoplasmas in cervical and tubal infections, and in cases of purperal fever, and relate on the possible influence of mycoplasmas on spontaneous abortions, infections in utero, and infections in the new born. the diagnosis of mycoplasmatic infections is e ...198112262383
sexually transmitted conditions among women college students.we studied 500 unselected young women who consulted a gynecologist in a student health service. most participants were symptom-free and had normal physical examinations. few sexually transmitted infections were encountered. neisseria gonorrhoeae was recovered from two and trichomonas vaginalis was obtained from 14 of 500 women. chlamydia trachomatis was recovered from 20 (4.6%) of 439 participants. genital warts, genital herpes, and molluscum contagiosum, respectively, were noted in seven, four, ...19816779634
antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis, and neisseria gonorrhoeae in sera from patients with acute salpingitis.paired sera from 60 consecutive patients with acute salpingitis, confirmed by laparoscopy, were examined for serum antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis, and neisseria gonorrhoeae. by a microimmunofluorescence (mif) test igm or igg antibodies to c trachomatis or both were present in sera from 80% of the patients' by indirect haemagglutination (iha) tests antibodies to m hominis and n gonorrhoeae pilar antigens were present in 40% and 18% respectively. in a control group of 50 p ...19816783261
attachment of mycoplasma hominis and m. orale to human diploid lung fibroblasts.the process of attachment of mycoplasma hominis and m. orale to hain-55 cells, derived from normal embryonic human lung, was investigated quantitatively. the attachment reached its maximum within about 2-4 hr at 37 degrees c and increased linearly as a function of the number of organisms present in the system. the relative attachment efficiency of m. hominis was approximately 1% under our experimental conditions. trypsin and edta were effective in detaching particles of m. hominis and m. orale f ...19816793814
premature labor. ii. bacterial sources of phospholipase.human term labor is thought to be initiated by amniotic and chorionic phospholipase a2, an enzyme that liberates arachidonic acid esters from the phospholipids of these membranes, leading to the synthesis of prostaglandins by the placental membranes. the striking association of premature labor with intrauterine infection or contamination, urinary tract infection, and early neonatal sepsis led us to study the microorganisms present in these infections for phospholipase a2 activity. activity was f ...19817017516
comparison of serological tests for detection of mycoplasma hominis antibodies in female grivet monkeys with experimentally induced salpingitis.four serological tests, viz. indirect hemagglutination (iha), metabolism inhibition (mi), immunofluorescence (imf), and a modification of the growth-inhibition (gi) test have been compared for the detection of antibodies against mycoplasma hominis in female grivet monkeys with experimentally induced pelvic inflammatory disease. moreover, cold hemagglutinins (cha), and immunoglobulins, m, g, and a have been determined. the iha test was found to be superior to the other methods used. the antibodie ...19817020337
clinical and microbiological study of non-gonococcal urethritis with particular reference to non-chlamydial disease.a double-blind placebo-controlled study of minocycline in 221 men with non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) was undertaken. techniques were used which enabled diagnoses of chlamydial and mycoplasmal infections to be made within 24 hours of a patient attending a clinic. all patients from whom chlamydia trachomatis was isolated were treated with minocycline, while patients from whom ureaplasma urealyticum or mycoplasma hominis was isolated, or from whom no micro-organisms were isolated, were treated on ...19817028208
mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and corynebacterium genitalium recovered from the lower genital tracts of adolescent women.the lower genital tracts of 137 adolescent women were examined for the presence of mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and corynebacterium genitalium in relation to sexual activity, previous pregnancy, presence of vaginal discharge and oral contraceptive use. none of the sexually inactive and 10% of the sexually active adolescent females were colonized with u. urealyticum. none of the sexually inactive and 4% of the sexually active adolescent females were colonized with c. genitalium. ni ...19816121728
the prevalence of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in the cervix and anal canal of women. 19817185968
follicular cervicitis--colposcopic appearances and association with chlamydia trachomatis.follicular cervicitis was recognised in 15 (44 per cent) of 34 women who were examined colposcopically and who were sexual partners of men with non-gonococcal urethritis. valid results of culture for chlamydia trachomatis were obtained in 26 cases: the organism was isolated from the cervix of five of 11 women in whom follicular cervicitis had been diagnosed, but from only one of 15 whose cervices did not have this change. a similar correlation was not found for infection with mycoplasma hominis ...19816893939
three years' experience of sexually transmitted diseases in seville, spain.at present there are no reliable statistics on the relative prevalences of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in spain. in a report of the first three years' experience in an std diagnostic centre between 1977 and 1979 a total of 879 patients (534 men adn 345 women) were seen. they mainly consisted of university students and the mean age was 22 years in 1977 and 23 years in the following two years. all the patients were examined for syphilis and all women for gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis. inv ...19816894560
ureaplasma urealyticum incriminated in perinatal morbidity and mortality.perinatal morbidity and mortality are associated with colonization of the chorionic surface of the placenta by ureaplasma urealyticum or mycoplasma hominis or both. these organisms are more strongly associated with unfavourable gestational outcome than group b streptococci. chlamydia trachomatis does not appear to be important in the etiology of reproductive casualties. the mechanisms linking the mycoplasmas to perinatal disorders and death are not clear but merit investigation.19817244646
the effect of genital mycoplasmas on human fetal growth.the relation between maternal genital colonization by mycoplasmas and fetal growth was examined in a study of 195 women. swabs were taken from the endocervix on three occasions during pregnancy and once post partum. ureaplasma urealyticum organisms (ureaplasmas) were recovered from 42.7 per cent of caucasian women and from 34.6 per cent of asian women at their first antenatal visit. these isolation rates remained similar throughout pregnancy, although there was a decrease in isolation after deli ...19817248235
acute salpingitis with chlamydia trachomatis isolated from the fallopian tubes: clinical, cultural, and serologic findings.chlamydia trachomatis was recovered from the fallopian tubes of ten women with acute salpingitis. the median age of the patients was 19 years. the duration of pelvic pain before consulting a physician ranged from three to 27 days (median, seven days). half of the patients complained of irregular bleeding, and nine reported increased vaginal discharge. one patient had a rectal temperature of greater than 38 c, and one had an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of less than 15 mm/hr. at laparoscopy, mi ...19817256492
behavior of mycoplasma hominis in a human diploid cell culture system.the behavior of mycoplasma hominis in normal human embryonic lung fibroblast (hain-55) cell cultures was investigated. multiplication patterns of cell-associated mycoplasmas and of extracellular mycoplasmas in the hain-55 cultures depended upon the size of the inoculum. this relationship did not vary with the number of days the cells had been cultured, nor with the number of hain-55 cell passages. the maximum mycoplasmal growth was obtained with inoculum sizes of 10(5) to 10(6) colony-forming un ...19817278706
[mycoplasma hominis as a possible cause of spontaneous abortions and premature labor]. 19817283069
urogenital mycoplasma infections of man: a review with observations on a recently discovered mycoplasma.ureaplasma urealyticum organisms (ureaplasmas), mycoplasma hominis, m. fermentans, m. primatum, m. salivarium and m. pneumoniae have been isolated from the genitourinary tract. the first two of these microorganisms are found most frequently. m. hominis is a cause of some cases of postpartum and postabortal fever, acute pyelonephritis and pelvic inflammatory disease. ureaplasmas have been associated with chorioamnionitis, habitual spontaneous abortion, low birthweight, the urethral syndrome in wo ...19817287395
infection with chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis and neisseria gonorrhoeae in patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease.of 166 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease, mycoplasma hominis was isolated from the cervix of 91 (54.8%), chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 37 (22.3%), and neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from nine (5.4%). of the 91 women from whom m. hominis was recovered, 39 developed a significant change in titer of serum antibodies to the organism within one month after admission. of the 85 patients from whose cervix m. hominis was not isolated, 11 displayed a significant change in titer o ...19817292212
mycoplasma hominis septicemia in a burned infant. 19817299550
infection of a brain abscess of mycoplasma hominis.persistent fever in a young man after evacuation of a subdural hematoma caused by a depressed skull fracture made it necessary to carry out a computerized tomographic exam of the head that demonstrated a left frontal lobe brain abscess. mycoplasma hominis was recovered from this abscess as the sole infecting organism. serial computerized tomographic scans showed resolution after aspiration and antibiotic therapy.19817309852
preliminary study of the flora in the lower genital tracts of sexually active adolescent females in relation to symptoms and inflammatory response.the lower genital tracts of 20 sexually active adolescent females were examined for the presence of mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, corynebacterium genitalium, and corynebacterium pseudogenitalium. fifty percent of the asymptomatic adolescent females and 50% of the symptomatic adolescent females were colonized with m. hominis, which is higher than the percentage reported in adult females. none of the asymptomatic adolescent females and only 10% of the symptomatic adolescent females w ...19817333925
colony morphology, ultrastructure and morphogenesis in mycoplasma hominis, acholeplasma laidlawii and ureaplasma urealyticum.colonies of mycoplasma hominis, acholeplasma laidlawii (three strains) and ureaplasma urealyticum were examined by light and electron microscopy and their characteristic morphology, ultrastructure and morphogenesis are described. mycoplasma hominis and a. laidlawii, pg8 and oral strains, developed typical 'fried-egg' colonies which were remarkably heterogeneous in size. the colonies of a. laidlawii strain nctc 10116 were more homogeneous and grew mainly on the surface of the agar showing a fine ...19807373281
meningitis in a newborn infant caused by mycoplasma hominis.when 10 days old an infant born after 34-35 weeks of gestation developed meningitis with pleocytosis and a low glucose concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid. mycoplasma hominis was recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid and treatment with doxycycline was given. the strain was later found to be resistant to tetracycline. after institution of lincomycin, cultures for mycoplasmas were negative. the infant, who during the course of the meningitis had developed a transient increase in intracranial ...19807376869
the killing of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis by povidone-iodine. 19807380768
[mycoplasma-induced urethritis].abacterial urethritis and colpitis in man and woman is frequently produced by ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis. these agents are transmitted by sexual intercourse and they have to be classified as facultative pathogenic. the clinical value and the therapeutical necessity depend on the clinical picture as well as on an exactly follow up microbiological and immunological diagnosis. as in all sexually transmitted diseases the sex-partner too should be examined and given a corresponding ...19807399916
placental infection with mycoplasma homonis and ureaplasma urealyticum: clinical correlation.placentas from a clinical study group of 446 high-risk pregnancies and 108 normal pregnancies were cultured for mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum and examined histologically. results were compared and correlated with the clinical history. the recovery rate of u urealyticum, but not of m hominis, was significantly higher in the clinical study than in the control group. isolation of both mycoplasmas was associated with polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration of placental membranes, fe ...19807422192
the preparation of transforming dna from mycoplasma hominis strain sprott tetr and quantitative studies of the factors affecting the genetic transformation of mycoplasma salivarium strain s9 tets to tetracycline resistance.dna extracted by a standard method from mycoplasma hominis sprott, resistant to 100 micrograms tetracycline, permitted the quantitative genetic transformation of tetracycline-sensitive mycoplasma salivarium to resistance. the yield was 1 microgram dna/10(9) cells. this dna enabled determination of the optimum conditions for making m. salivarium competent with cacl2 and for studying some factors affecting transformation. mycoplasma salivarium was transformed to resistance to 10, 20, and 30 microg ...19807459727
experimental pelvic inflammatory disease provoked by chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma hominis in grivet monkeys.pelvic inflammatory disease was produced by inoculation with mycoplasma hominis and chlamydia trachomatis directly into the fallopian tubes of grivet monkeys. the effects of various routes of infection were examined. the method of inoculation with the infecting agent influenced the resulting clinical spectrum. in these monkeys significant changes in humoral antibodies occurred with inflammation caused by both m. hominis and c. trachomatis. development of cellular antibodies against m. hominis co ...19807468686
[serological types of mycoplasma hominis isolated from humans]. 19807206901
microbiology of specimens obtained by laparoscopy from controls and from patients with pelvic inflammatory disease or infertility with tubal obstruction: chlamydia trachomatis and ureaplasma urealyticum.we cultured for chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and mycoplasma hominis and performed chlamydial serologic studies in 99 women undergoing laparoscopy. these women included patients with acute salpingitis, infertile women with and without mild pelvic inflammatory disease, and controls. c. trachomatis infection was significantly more common in patients than in controls. we also identified low-grade "silent" pid among women with infertility resulting from tubal obstruction and suggest ...19806451177
the microbiology and therapy of acute pelvic inflammatory disease in hospitalized patients.we examined microbial isolates from the endocervical and peritoneal cavity of 30 women hospitalized with acute pid. patients were randomly assigned to one of two antibiotic regimens: amoxicillin, 6 gm by mouth every 24 hours, or aqueous penicillin g, 30 million units and gentamicin, 180 to 240 mg intravenously every 24 hours. we measured response by quantifying physical examination findings. neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from the cervix of 24 patients (80%) and from the peritoneal cavity of ...19806766274
an antigenic analysis for membranes of mycoplasma hominis by cross-absorption.antigenic components at the outer surface membranes of seven serotypes of mycoplasma hominis were analysed by the mycoplasmacidal reaction and the agglutination during growth reaction. antibody absorbing capacities of the mycoplasma cells were compared with absorbing capacities of membranes. it was shown that serologically active membrane antigens were mainly heat-labile proteins. no major antigens common to all seven serotypes were detected and each strain had its own specific antigens at the c ...19806154118
cell-mediated immune responses of synovial mononuclear cells in reiter's syndrome against ureaplasmal and chlamydial antigens.cell-mediated immune responses of cultured synovial mononuclear cells against ureaplasmal, chlamydial, mycoplasma hominis and mumps antigens were measured by the 3h-thymidine uptake method. specific responses against ureaplasmal or chlamydial antigens were found in 3 of 4 patients with venereally-acquired reiter's syndrome, but not in 3 patients with arthritis after episodes of diarrhea and 4 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.19806160248
infection with mycoplasma hominis in postpartum fever.a follow-up of 535 patients after vaginal delivery showed that 9% had a fever of 37.7 degrees c or greater, and 2% had a fever of 38 degrees c or more, on two days. the commonest cause of both categories of fever was mycoplasma hominis infection as defined by a fourfold or greater rise in mycoplasmacidal antibody titre. among women for whom sera were available this agent caused 50% (14/28) of all fevers and 71% (5/7) of the higher fevers. absence or low titre (< 1:8) of antibody against m. homin ...19806108394
orogenital contact and the isolation of neisseria gonorrhoeae, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum from the pharynx.men and women who came to clinics in boston underwent pharyngeal examinations, and pharyngeal specimens were obtained for cultures for neisseria gonorrhoeae, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum. fifty-one (4.9%) of 1,037 participants had gonococcal pharyngeal infection. m. hominis and u. urealyticum were recovered from the pharynges of 149 (14.3%) and 154 (14.8%) of 1,044 participants, respectively. the history of ever having performed fellatio was associated with pharyngeal infection ...1979115097
experimental infection of the genital tract of female grivet monkeys by mycoplasma hominis: effects of different routes of infection.in a previous study we produced acute salpingitis and parametritis in grivet monkeys by inoculation of mycoplasma hominis directly into the uterine tubes. with the purpose of examining in the same animal model the effect of more natural routes of infection, six female grivet monkeys were inoculated, two by two, with m. hominis by the following methods: (experiment a) into the uterine cavity through the cervical canal; (experiment b) into the uterine cavity by the same route, but after ligature o ...1979118928
ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in chlamydial and non-chlamydial nongonococcal urethritis.urethral specimens from 726 patients with nongonococcal urethritis (ngu) were examined for chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and mycoplasma hominis. chlamydiae were isolated from 35.9% of ureaplasma-positive patients and from 36.5% of ureaplasma-negative patients. ureaplasmas were isolated from 52.5% of chlamydia-positive patients and from 53.1% of chlamydia-negative patients, an observation which contrasts with that of some workers who have suggested that ureaplasmas are significan ...1979427513
mycoplasma infection and infertility.attempts were made to isolate mycoplasmas from the uterine cervix of infertile women and normal pregnant and nonpregnant women to investigate the relationship of genital mycoplasma infection to infertility. ureaplasma urealyticum was demonstrated in 63% of patients with infertility, 68% of normal pregnant women, and 62% of normal nonpregnant women. the incidence of mycoplasma hominis infection was found to be noticeably lower, with corresponding isolation rates of 10%, 11%, and 6%, respectively. ...1979428582
mycoplasma hominis. a cause of neonatal meningitis.two cases of mycoplasma hominis meningitis in the newborn are described. these infants demonstrate the need to consider m. hominis as a cause of neonatal meningitis, especially if the gram stain is negative, conventional cultures yield no growth, and there is a history of maternal infection. csf cultures on appropriate medium can quickly confirm the diagnosis.1979434911
preparation of competent single-cell suspensions of mycoplasma hominis tets and mycoplasma salivarium tets for genetic transformation to tetracycline resistance by dna extracted from mycoplamsa hominis tetr.dna extracted from mycomplasma hominis (sprott strain), resistant to 100 micrograms of tetracycline/ml transformed m. hominis strain h29 and mycoplasma salivarium strain s9, which are sensitive to 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms of tetracycline/ml, respectively, to resistance. the transformants were selected on agar medium containing 10 micrograms of tetracycline/ml. some transformants were resistant also to 20 micrograms of tetracycline/ml, a finding confirming that transformation occurred between homol ...1979438545
submandibular adenitis in a newborn caused by mycoplasma hominis. 1979440904
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