Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [modulation of immune system cells by lactobacilli]. | the influence of lactobacilli on the proliferative potential of immune system cells after the intragastral administration of viable microbial cells and their native filtrates to mice cba is evaluated. the data have been obtained on the modulating influence of lactobacilli on the formation of t- and b-cell immune response--their role in maintaining homeostatsis and specific features of cell mediated immune reactions after the intragastral administration of virulent shigella dysenteriae for modeli ... | 2004 | 15636142 |
| fluoroquinolone-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 in northeastern bangladesh. | 2004 | 15451486 | |
| up-regulation of cd80-cd86 and iga on mouse peritoneal b-1 cells by porin of shigella dysenteriae is toll-like receptors 2 and 6 dependent. | porin of shigella dysenteriae type 1 increased the mrna levels for toll-like receptor (tlr) 2 and tlr6 by 1.5- and 2.9-fold respectively, of peritoneal cavity b-1a and b-1b cells, implicating that coexpression of tlr2 and tlr6 is essential as a combinatorial repertoire for recognition of porin by the b-1 cells. among the two key tlrs, tlr2 and tlr4, which are primarily responsible for recognizing majority of the bacterial products, tlr2 and not tlr4, participates in porin recognition. tlr2 got i ... | 2004 | 15482852 |
| antibody therapy in the management of shiga toxin-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome. | hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) is a disease that can lead to acute renal failure and often to other serious sequelae, including death. the majority of cases are attributed to infections with escherichia coli, serotype o157:h7 strains in particular, which cause bloody diarrhea and liberate one or two toxins known as shiga toxins 1 and 2. these toxins are thought to directly be responsible for the manifestations of hus. currently, supportive nonspecific treatment is the only available option for ... | 2004 | 15489355 |
| shiga toxin-encoding bacteriophages--genomes in motion. | shiga toxins (stx) represent a group of bacterial toxins that are involved in human and animal disease. stx are mainly produced by escherichia coli isolated from human and non-human sources, shigella dysenteriae type 1, and sporadically, by citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae and shigella flexneri. the genes encoding stx are encoded in the genome of heterogeneous lambdoid prophages (stx-converting bacteriophages; stx-phages). they are located in a similar position in the late region of th ... | 2004 | 15493821 |
| role of anti-cd3 in modulation of th1-type immune response in shigella dysenteriae infection. | a murine model was used to evaluate the role of anti-cd3 in modulating a th1-type response by restimulation of t-cells after immunization with the 57 kda immunodominant antigen of shigella dysenteriae 1 outer-membrane proteins (omps), followed by shigella infection after immunization. to observe the effect of anti-cd3, other t-cell cultures were also established following anti-cd1, anti-il2 and phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. anti-cd3 stimulation of reconstituted t-cells showed 'mean' levels of ... | 2004 | 15496383 |
| two-stage anaerobic digestion process for complete inactivation of enteric bacterial pathogens in human night soil. | anaerobic digestion offers a good alternative for human waste treatment. however, the fate of enteric bacterial pathogens present in human night soil (hns) remains a major concern for hygienic safety of the process. a two-stage anaerobic digestion process, consisting of separate acidogenic and methanogenic digesters, was designed and its efficacy in the inactivation of salmonella typhi was compared to a single-stage digestion process. in a single-stage digestion, complete pathogen inactivation w ... | 2004 | 15536996 |
| hemophilia--a challenge for the nurse anesthetist. | 2004 | 525232 | |
| [analysis of the structure of the sinus rhythm in the diagnosis of a rheumatic heart lesion in children]. | 2004 | 524779 | |
| prenatal and intrapartum high-risk screening. ii. risk factors reassessed. | a method of identifying the high-risk pregnancy by a quantitative assessment of prenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal factors is presented. calculating the probabilities of neonatal risk can be done with a hand-held calculator. the technique described provides a method of assessing the importance of perinatal variables and determining the effect of the process of health care on outcome. | 2004 | 517589 |
| [risk involved in decision to change genital gender, illustrated by a case report]. | 2004 | 515256 | |
| [diagnostic measures in nuclear medicine. 1. diagnosis of kidney diseases]. | 2004 | 511058 | |
| [international day of the child]. | 2004 | 427841 | |
| sickle cell screening. | 2004 | 419344 | |
| presentation of the 1977 henry baldwin ward medal. | 2004 | 368303 | |
| [achievements in gastric surgery in ukraine during 60 years of the soviet rule]. | 2004 | 342803 | |
| medico-legal aspects of private practice. | 2004 | 523561 | |
| regeneration of cervical epithelium following laser destruction of intraepithelial neoplasia. | 2004 | 523042 | |
| [effectiveness of psychotherapy in the treatment of adolescents]. | 2004 | 515252 | |
| [interaction between plasma glycoproteins and concanavalin a: significance of the blastic transformation test. (i)]. | 2004 | 415751 | |
| thombocyte function in relation to the long term application of medroxyprogesterone acetate as a female contraceptive agent. | 2004 | 529167 | |
| gorham's syndrome (massive osteolysis): a case report. | 2004 | 2213318 | |
| [patellectomy: indications and long-term results (author's transl)]. | 2004 | 532010 | |
| physical studies of cell surface and cell membrane structure. deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of deuterium-labelled n-hexadeconoylgalactosylceramides (cerebrosides). | 1. deuterium fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of a series of n-palmitoylgalactosylceramides (cerebrosides) specifically labelled with deuterium at one of positions 2', 6', 10' and 16' of the acyl chain, or in the c-6 hydroxymethyl group of the galactose residue, have been obtained using a spin-echo technique at 34.1 mhz with a homebuilt superconducting magnet spectrometer. 2. the effects of temperature and cholesterol on the deuterium spectra have been investigated. the resul ... | 2004 | 534624 |
| against the tide. | 2004 | 523565 | |
| microelectrode artifacts and frog skin potentials. | 2004 | 522131 | |
| malignant melanoma arising in an unstable burn scar. | 2004 | 444775 | |
| cryosectioning of undecalcified tissues for immunofluorescence. | the present report describes a procedure for preparing 4--6 micrometers cryostat sections of undecalcified fresh frozen tissue which contain hard tissue, for immunofluorescence. the apparatus used is a cryomicrotome originally designed for cutting sections for whole body autoradiography. to obtain cryostat sections suitable for tissue immunofluorescence the standard procedure was modified with respect to the hardness and edges of the microtome knife, the temperature of the cryostat and the carbo ... | 2004 | 387879 |
| a schiff base complex of chromium(iii): an efficient inhibitor for the pathogenic and invasive potential of shigella dysenteriae. | a schiff base complex of chromium(iii), transdiaqua[n,n'ethylenebis (salicylideneimine)chromium(iii)]perchlorate, [cr(salen)(oh(2))(2)](+), was found to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of shigella dysenteriae. the chromium(iii) complex was found to cure (remove) the invasive plasmid and thereby render the microbe more sensitive to the tested antibiotics. the loss in the catalytic activity of the isolated endo-alpha-n-acetyl galactosaminidase on mucin as a substrate was also observed in t ... | 2004 | 14729320 |
| clonal multidrug-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains associated with epidemic and sporadic dysenteries in eastern india. | multidrug-resistant strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1 were implicated in three outbreaks and sporadic cases of dysentery in eastern india in 2002 and 2003. after a hiatus of 14 years, this pathogen reemerged with an altered antibiotic resistance pattern. in addition to ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and nalidixic acid, all the recent strains were resistant to norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, pefloxacin, and ofloxacin and showed reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. ... | 2004 | 14742238 |
| batch process solar disinfection is an efficient means of disinfecting drinking water contaminated with shigella dysenteriae type i. | the mortality and morbidity rate caused by shigella dysenteriae type i infection is increasing in the developing world each year. in this paper, the possibility of using batch process solar disinfection (sodis) as an effective means of disinfecting drinking water contaminated with sh. dysenteriae type i is investigated. | 2004 | 15059213 |
| structure of shiga toxin type 2 (stx2) from escherichia coli o157:h7. | several serotypes of escherichia coli produce protein toxins closely related to shiga toxin (stx) from shigella dysenteriae serotype 1. these stx-producing e. coli cause outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans, with the latter being more likely if the e. coli produce stx2 than if they only produce stx1. to investigate the differences among the stxs, which are all ab(5) toxins, the crystal structure of stx2 from e. coli o157:h7 was determined at 1.8-a resolution a ... | 2004 | 15075327 |
| regulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression by shiga toxin 1 and/or lipopolysaccharides in the human monocytic cell line thp-1. | infection with shiga toxin (stx)-producing bacteria and the subsequent release of stxs and endotoxins into the bloodstream may damage blood vessels in the colon, kidneys, and central nervous system, leading to bloody diarrhea, acute renal failure, and neurological complications. the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) may contribute to the pathogenesis of stx-induced vascular lesions by up-regulating toxin receptor expression on endo ... | 2004 | 15102770 |
| in vitro adhesion and invasion inhibition of shigella dysenteriae, shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei clinical strains by human milk proteins. | shigella is the etiological agent of shigellosis, a disease responsible for more than 500,000 deaths of children per year, in developing countries. these pathogens colonize the intestinal colon, invade, spreading to the other enterocytes. breastfeeding plays a very important role in protecting infants from intestinal infections. amongst milk compounds, glycosylated proteins prevent the adhesion of many enteropathogens in vitro. the aim of this work was to determine the effect of human milk prote ... | 2004 | 15115555 |
| a pediatric cluster of shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 diarrhea with hemolytic uremic syndrome in 2 families from france. | we report a cluster of pediatric diarrhea due to shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 involving 11 children in france, including the index case, who had returned from senegal. child-to-child transmission was documented by ribotyping. five children developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus). on the basis of our findings, the choice of antimicrobial treatment for infections with s. dysenteriae serotype 1 should take into account widespread drug resistance and the risk of hus. | 2004 | 15127361 |
| laboratory-confirmed shigellosis in the united states, 1989-2002: epidemiologic trends and patterns. | during 1989-2002, a total of 208,368 laboratory-confirmed shigella infections were reported to the centers for disease control and prevention. shigella sonnei accounted for 71.7%, shigella flexneri accounted for 18.4%, shigella boydii accounted for 1.6%, and shigella dysenteriae accounted for 0.7% of infections; for 7.6%, no serogroup was reported. national incidence rates ranged from 7.6 cases per 100,000 persons in 1993 to 3.7 cases per 100,000 persons in 1999. incidence rates for s. boydii, s ... | 2004 | 15156473 |
| molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of enteroinvasive escherichia coli using the flic gene sequence. | non-motile enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) is serotyped based only on o antigen polymorphism, since h antigen epitopes, present on the flagellins, cannot be characterised in these bacteria. in this study, we demonstrate the presence of the flagellin-coding flic gene in non-motile eiec strains. moreover, we were able to group the 11 most common non-motile eiec serotypes into six different rflp patterns of the flic gene. amplicons representing each rflp pattern were sequenced. sequencing da ... | 2004 | 15183872 |
| an outbreak of bacillary dysentery caused by quinolone-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 in a northeastern state of india. | 2004 | 15190817 | |
| variation in the shiga toxin region of 20th-century epidemic and endemic shigella dysenteriae 1 strains. | the shiga toxin (stx) region of shigella dysenteriae 1 lies on a defective prophage homologous to lambdoid bacteriophages in stx-producing escherichia coli. s. dysenteriae 1 strains obtained in locations throughout the world over the course of the past 60 years were assessed for variations in the stx region by use of polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis. the defective prophage was present in all strains examined, suggesting that all s. dysenteriae 1 isolates derive from a clone that r ... | 2004 | 15216469 |
| involvement of the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing hormone in an animal model of shigella-related seizures. | convulsions are common complications of shigellosis in children. corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh), a stress neurohormone, has been implicated in the susceptibility of young children to seizures. we investigated the role of crh in shigella-related seizures. pretreatment with shigella dysenteriae sonicate enhanced mice response to pentylenetetrazole (ptz)-induced seizures. preinjection of antalarmin, a crh-receptor 1 antagonist, decreased both the mean convulsion score (mcs: 1.6 vs. 1.1, p<0. ... | 2004 | 15265661 |
| perceptions of shigella and of shigella vaccine among rural chinese: compatibility with western models of behavioral change. | shigella remain a major source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including china. in response, national and international researchers are actively working to develop vaccines that will be effective against dysentery and diarrhea caused by shigella dysentariae. with the growing recognition of the problems associated with sustained vaccine acceptance and usage, researchers and policy makers recognize the importance of conducting theory-based qualitative research to inform vaccine ... | 2004 | 15272751 |
| application of oligonucleotide array technology for the rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria of foodborne infections. | a rapid and accurate method for detection for common pathogenic bacteria in foodborne infections was established by using oligonucleotide array technology. nylon membrane was used as the array support. a mutation region of the 23s rrna gene was selected as the discrimination target from 14 species (genera) of bacteria causing foodborne infections and two unrelated bacterial species. a pair of universal primers was designed for pcr amplification of the 23s rrna gene. twenty-one species (genera)-s ... | 2004 | 15279944 |
| investigating the antimicrobial activity of natural honey and its effects on the pathogenic bacterial infections of surgical wounds and conjunctiva. | antimicrobial activities of 10-100% (wt/vol) concentrations of new honey, stored honey, heated honey, ultraviolet-exposed honey, and heated stored honey were tested against common human pathogens, including escherichia coli, entrobacter cloacae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, shigella dysenteriae, klebsiella sp., haemophilus influenzae, proteus sp., staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus hemolyticus group b, and candida albicans. antimicrobial activity of honey was tested in acidic, neutral, or alkaline ... | 2004 | 15298770 |
| genetic relatedness of ciprofloxacin-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains isolated in south asia. | the aim of the present study was to determine the clonal relationships of ciprofloxacin-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains isolated from south asia, and s. dysenteriae 1 strains associated with epidemics in 1978, 1984 and 1994. | 2004 | 15347639 |
| case management of a multidrug-resistant shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 outbreak in a crisis context in sierra leone, 1999-2000. | from december 1999 to the end of february 2000, 4218 cases of dysentery were reported in kenema district, southeastern sierra leone, by a médecins sans frontières team operating in this region. shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 was isolated from the early cases. the overall attack rate was 7.5% but higher among children under 5 years (11.2%) compared to the rest of the population (6.8%) (rr = 1.6; 95% ci 1.5-1.8). the case fatality ratio was 3.1%, and higher for children under 5 years (6.1% vs. 2. ... | 2004 | 15363643 |
| polymicrobial infections in children with diarrhoea in a rural area of jordan. | polymicrobial infections associated with diarrhoea are common in developing countries. stool specimens were collected from 220 patient children and 100 controls. potential pathogenic agents isolated from 143 (65%) children were identified by molecular and standard microbiological methods. co-infections with two or more agents were detected in 50 (35%) cases. escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae, giardia and entamoeba histolytica were found to be predominant. the etiologic agents could not be d ... | 2004 | 15364112 |
| structure of the shigella dysenteriae 7 o antigen gene cluster and identification of its antigen specific genes. | shigella strains are human pathogens. the o antigen gene cluster of shigella dysenteriae o7 was sequenced and analyzed. it contains genes for synthesis of nucleotide sugars including udp-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galacturonamide, udp-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galacturonic acid and dtdp-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose. also found in the gene cluster are genes encoding o unit flippase, o antigen polymerase and sugar transferases. the escherichia coli o121 o antigen, which is present in an important shiga to ... | 2004 | 14687563 |
| detection of campylobacter and shigella species in food samples using an array biosensor. | campylobacter and shigella bacteria are common causes of food- and water-borne illness worldwide. there is a current need in food, medical, environmental, and military markets for a rapid and user-friendly method of detecting such pathogens. the array biosensor developed at the nrl encompasses these qualities. in this study, 25-min, sandwich immunoassays were developed for the detection of campylobacter and shigella species in both buffer and a variety of food and beverage samples. the limit of ... | 2004 | 14719894 |
| the conformations of the o-specific polysaccharides of shigella dysenteriae type 4 and escherichia coli o159 studied with molecular mechanics (mm3) filtered systematic search. | the branched o-antigens of escherichia coli o159 and shigella dysenteriae type 4 are structurally related and are known to show cross-reactivity with antibodies. in the present study, conformational analyses were performed on these two o-antigens using molecular mechanics mm3(96) with filtered systematic search. the results show very strong steric restrictions for the trisaccharide at the branch point of the e. coli o159 antigen, especially for the beta-d-glcnac-(1-->3)-beta-d-glcnac linkage of ... | 2004 | 15010303 |
| characterization of the lipopolysaccharide o-antigen of francisella novicida (u112). | francisella novicida (u112), a close relative of the highly virulent bacterium f. tularensis, was shown to produce a lipopolysaccharide in which the antigenic o-polysaccharide component was found by chemical, 1h and 13c nmr and ms analyses to be an unbranched neutral linear polymer of a repeating tetrasaccharide unit composed of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galacturonamide (d-galnacan) and 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-d-glucose (d-qui2nac4nac, di-n-acetylbacillosamine) residues (3:1) and had the stru ... | 2004 | 15013402 |
| [comparative study on antibacterial effects of huangqin-tang and its metabolites produced by intestinal flora]. | to compare the antibacterial effects of huangqin-tang with its metabolites produced by intestinal flora. | 2003 | 15015311 |
| sanitary and bacteriological aspects of sewage treatment. | a study into the removal of contamination load and indicator bacteria was carried out in 1992-1996 in the mechanical, biological and chemical waste-water treatment plant wtp in lezany, in the county of reszel, in the province of warmia and mazury in poland. the results of chemical analyses found a high efficiency of removal of carbon compounds, cod (90%) and bod (98%), in the process of purification of household sewage. in addition, a high effectiveness of total nitrogen, on average 71%, and uns ... | 2003 | 15058814 |
| antibacterial potential of an antispasmodic drug dicyclomine hydrochloride. | several compounds are known to possess antimicrobial activity in addition to their predesignated pharmacological actions. in the present study, dicyclomine hydrochloride, an antispasmodic drug, was tested for possible antimicrobial property in vitro and in vivo. | 2003 | 14723484 |
| shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, kolkata, india. | since july 2002, bacteriologically confirmed shigellosis cases have increased, and multidrug-resistant shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 strains have reemerged in patients hospitalized with diarrhea in kolkata, india. the isolated strains of s. dysenteriae 1 showed resistance to chloramphenicol (80%), ampicillin (100%), tetracycline (100%), co-trimoxazole (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), norfloxacin (100%), and ciprofloxacin (100%). emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in s. dysenteriae 1 strains ... | 2003 | 14718096 |
| the role of bacterial and non-bacterial toxins in the induction of changes in membrane transport: implications for diarrhea. | bacterial toxins induce changes in membrane transport which underlie the loss of electrolyte homeostasis associated with diarrhea. bacterial- and their secreted toxin-types which have been linked with diarrhea include: (a) vibrio cholerae (cholera toxin, e1 tor hemolysin and accessory cholera enterotoxin); (b) escherichia coli (heat stable enterotoxin, heat-labile enterotoxin and colicins); (c) shigella dysenteriae (shiga-toxin); (d) clostridium perfringens (c. perfringens enterotoxin, alpha-tox ... | 2003 | 14757199 |
| acute lymphangitis treated by moxibustion with garlic in 118 cases. | tcm holds that acute lymphangitis is pathogenically caused by the accumulated internal fire and toxicity, and the external skin injury-induced infection, leading to toxicity going upward along the meridians. the treatment should be given to clear away heat and toxin. blood letting by a three-edged needle may promote qi and blood circulation and remove the toxic heat. garlic has the function of antagonizing staphylococcus aureus, bacillus dysenteriae and various kinds of bacteria. since the volat ... | 2003 | 14535186 |
| antimicrobial interactions of microbial species involved in the fermentation of cassava dough into agbelima with particular reference to the inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria on enteric pathogens. | lactic acid bacteria, bacillus species and yeasts are involved in the fermentation of cassava dough into agbelima. microbial interactions within and between these groups of microorganisms were investigated in addition to the survival of five enteric pathogens inoculated into agbelima under various conditions. nine out of 10 cultures of lactic acid bacteria isolated at the end of agbelima fermentation showed inhibitory effect against 10 cultures of lactic acid bacteria isolated at the start of fe ... | 2003 | 14580972 |
| temporal shifts in the dominance of serotypes of shigella dysenteriae from 1999 to 2002 in dhaka, bangladesh. | a total of 358 shigella dysenteriae strains isolated from patients attending the dhaka treatment center of the international centre for diarrheal disease research, bangladesh, between the years 1999 and 2002 were included in this study. s. dysenteriae type 1, the dominant serotype in 1999 (76.4%), declined to 6.5% in 2002. on the other hand, s. dysenteriae types 2 to 12 were isolated with increasing frequencies of 19, 67, 73.5, and 87% in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. of these, types ... | 2003 | 14605138 |
| shiga toxins and apoptosis. | the enteric pathogens shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) cause bloody diarrheal diseases that may progress to life-threatening extraintestinal complications. although the s. dysenteriae and stec differ in the expression of a number of virulence determinants, they share the capacity to produce one or more potent cytotoxins, called shiga toxins (stxs). following the ingestion of the organisms, the expression of stxs is critical for the development of ... | 2003 | 14638419 |
| porin of shigella dysenteriae enhances mrna levels for toll-like receptor 2 and myd88, up-regulates cd80 of murine macrophage, and induces the release of interleukin-12. | sera of patients convalescing from shigellosis reacted strongly and specifically with the 38,000 da monomer of porin of shigella dysenteriae type 1. since human, the only natural host of s. dysenteriae type 1, recognized the protein through humoral immune response, it is of great significance to study the surface-exposed outer membrane antigen as an adjuvant. porin treatment of cd11b+ peritoneal cavity (perc) mphi of balb/c mouse was found to up-regulate cd80 on cell surface and had no effect on ... | 2003 | 14642305 |
| identification and characterization of simple sequence repeats in the genomes of shigella species. | a variety of simple sequence repeats (ssrs) have been identified in the genome of shigella flexneri serotype 2a (strain sf301), an enteric pathogen that causes bacillary dysentery in man. the distribution of ssrs, with unit length ranging from 1 to 9 nucleotides, was biased in different regions of the genome. the tri-, tetra- and hexanucleotide ssrs prevailed in the coding regions while the mono- and dinucleotide ssrs were more common in the noncoding regions. many intergenic ssrs are less than ... | 2003 | 14644500 |
| antimicrobial activity of extracts of local cough mixtures on upper respiratory tract bacterial pathogens. | the punched-hole and the paper disc diffusion methods were used in screening for the antimicrobial activity of six common ingredients used locally in cough mixtures, against the following bacteria: klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus. enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, salmonella spp, salmonella paratyphi, shigella dysenteria, shigella sonnei and candida albicans. the results, evaluated as the diameter of zone of inhibition of microbial growth, showed that ... | 2003 | 14649097 |
| multidrug-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 in south asia. | 2003 | 14652200 | |
| shigella dysenteriae type 1-specific bacteriophage from environmental waters in bangladesh. | shigella dysenteriae type 1 is the causative agent of the most severe form of bacillary dysentery, which occurs as epidemics in many developing countries. we isolated a bacteriophage from surface water samples from bangladesh that specifically lyses strains of s. dysenteriae type 1. this phage, designated sf-9, belongs to the podoviridae family and has a 41-kb double-stranded dna genome. further screening of water samples for the prevalence of the phage revealed 9 of 71 (12.6%) water samples whi ... | 2003 | 14660345 |
| newly emerged multiple-antibiotic-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains in and around kolkata, india, are clonal. | 2003 | 14662996 | |
| subunit interaction of monomeric alanine racemases from four shigella species in catalytic reaction. | bacterial alanine racemases are classified into two types of subunit structure (monomer and homodimer). to clarify the catalytic unit of monomeric alanine racemases, we examined the apparent molecular mass of the monomeric alanine racemases from shigella dysenteriae, shigella boydii, shigella flexneri, and shigella sonnei by gel filtration in the presence of the substrate and inhibitor. the enzymes were eluted on gel filtration as a monomer of about 39,000 da at low protein concentration and in ... | 2003 | 12725937 |
| antibacterial efficacy of rumex nepalensis spreng. roots. | the antibacterial property of rumex nepalensis spreng. was evaluated against some strains of bacteria. the methanol extract of the roots (tested at 200-1000 micro g/disc) showed significant concentration-dependent antibacterial activity. | 2003 | 12748999 |
| aetiology of shigellosis in northern pakistan. | people of northern pakistan face health hazards because of poor sanitation practices. bacterial gastrointestinal infections are very common, and sometimes outbreaks occur. the present study was aimed at evaluating and analyzing infestation of shigella spp. in patients with suspected gastroenteritis and ascertaining the status of antibiotic therapy. five hundred and eighty-five faecal samples of patients with suspected gastroenteritis, referred to the district headquarter hospital gilgit, were in ... | 2003 | 12751672 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 causing sporadic outbreak in and around kolkata, india. | 2003 | 12751679 | |
| protective efficacy of oral immunization with heat-killed shigella flexneri 2a in animal model: study of cross protection, immune response and antigenic recognition. | oral immunization of rabbits with four doses of 10(11) heat-killed shigella flexneri 2a showed 100% protection against challenge with virulent s. flexneri 2a. after orally immunizing guinea pigs with four doses of heat-killed s. flexneri 2a 100% protection could be shown against ocular challenge with the same virulent s. flexneri 2a strain but this conferred no protection against challenge with shigella dysenteriae type 1. in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunoblot experiments b ... | 2003 | 12798648 |
| antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens associated with diarrheal patients in indonesia. | the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for 2,812 bacterial pathogens isolated from diarrheal patients admitted to hospitals in several provinces in the cities of jakarta, padang, medan, denpasar, pontianak, makassar, and batam, indonesia were analyzed from 1995 to 2001 to determine their changing trends in response to eight antibiotics: ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, cephalothin, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. vibrio cholerae o1 (37.1%) ... | 2003 | 12887025 |
| thermodynamic analysis of the structural stability of the shiga toxin b-subunit. | the conformational stability of shiga toxin b-subunit (stxb), a pentameric protein from shigella dysenteriae has been characterized by high sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry and circular dichroism spectroscopy under different solvent conditions. it is shown that the thermal folding/unfolding of stxb is a reversible process involving a highly cooperative transition between folded pentamer and unfolded monomers. the conformational stability of stxb is ph dependent and because of its pe ... | 2003 | 12899637 |
| human microvascular endothelial cells resist shiga toxins by ifn-gamma treatment in vitro. | shiga toxins (stxs) produced by enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli or shigella dysenteriae damage human endothelial cells predominantly in cooperation with pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tnf-alpha. however, in this study, in vitro ifn-gamma pre-treatment resulted in human lung microvascular endothelial cells becoming over 10,000-fold less sensitive to stxs. in contrast, in their basal condition, they were extremely sensitive to stxs. interestingly, tnf-alpha addition to ifn-gamma reverted ... | 2003 | 12949184 |
| gasp phenotype: presence in enterobacteria and independence of sigmas in its acquisition. | the appearance of growth advantage in stationary phase or gasp was originally detected in escherichia coli. the presence of this phenotype in other enterobacteria such as enterobacter cloacae, salmonella typhimurium, providencia stuartii and shigella dysenteriae is described in this work. e. cloacae gasp strains presented lower levels of rpos than the parental strain, although no mutation in the gene or its promoter was detected. this work offers evidence of gasp rpos-independent pathways as gas ... | 2003 | 12951242 |
| shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 in west africa: intervention strategy for an outbreak in sierra leone. | in november 1999, a médecins sans frontières team based in the southeastern part of sierra leone reported an increased number of cases of bloody diarrhoea. shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 (sd1) was isolated in the early cases. a total of 4218 cases of dysentery were reported in kenema district from december, 1999, to march, 2000. the overall attack rate was 7.5%. the attack rate was higher among children younger than 5 years than in the rest of the population (11.2% vs 6.8%; relative risk=1.6; 9 ... | 2003 | 12957094 |
| morphological, host range, and genetic characterization of two coliphages. | two coliphages, ar1 and lg1, were characterized based on their morphological, host range, and genetic properties. transmission electron microscopy showed that both phages belonged to the myoviridae; phage particles of lg1 were smaller than those of ar1 and had an isometric head 68 nm in diameter and a complex contractile tail 111 nm in length. transmission electron micrographs of ar1 showed phage particles consisting of an elongated isometric head of 103 by 74 nm and a complex contractile tail 1 ... | 2003 | 12957924 |
| histopathological study of rabbit intestinal mucosa infected with a hybrid strain of shigella dysenteriae 1 carrying lps biosynthesis genes of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the rfb gene cluster and the rfc gene of salmonella enterica were introduced earlier into an invasive shigella dysenteriae 1 strain by triparental cross. antiserum was raised in rabbit against lipopolysaccharide isolated from the hybrid strain. both the hybrid and the invasive s. dysenteriae 1 strain were found to have a titer of 1:2560 while for s. enterica, it was 1:640. ligated ileal loops were prepared in rabbit, which were inoculated with 10(8) cfu ml(-1) each of the hybrid strain, and inva ... | 2003 | 12620623 |
| shigella dysenteriae type 1 with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. | 2003 | 12620764 | |
| stx1c is the most common shiga toxin 1 subtype among shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolates from sheep but not among isolates from cattle. | unlike shiga toxin 2 (stx(2)) genes, most nucleotide sequences of shiga toxin 1 (stx(1)) genes from shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), shigella dysenteriae, and several bacteriophages (h19b, 933j, and h30) are highly conserved. consequently, there has been little incentive to investigate variants of stx(1) among stec isolates derived from human or animal sources. however stx(1ox3), originally identified in an ox3:h8 isolate from a healthy sheep in germany, differs from other stx(1) s ... | 2003 | 12624011 |
| multidrug-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1: forerunners of a new epidemic strain in eastern india? | 2003 | 12643845 | |
| synthesis of the pentasaccharide related to the repeating unit of the antigen from shigella dysenteriae type 4 in the form of its methyl ester 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl glycoside. | starting from d-mannose, d-glucose and l-fucose, the pentasaccharide derivative methyl 2,3,4-tri-o-benzyl-alpha-l-fucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-2-o-acetyl-4,6-o-benzylidene-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl-(1-->3)-2-o-acetyl-6-o-benzyl-4-o-(2,3,4-tri-o-benzyl-alpha-l-fucopyranosyl)-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl 2,3-di-o-benzyl-beta-d-glucopyranosid]uronate was synthesized. this compound with two alpha-mannopyranosyl units was transformed, via walden inversion and subsequent deprotection, ... | 2003 | 12644371 |
| bidirectional concentration-dependent effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha in shigella dysenteriae-related seizures. | we have previously demonstrated that pretreatment of mice with shigella dysenteriae sonicate enhanced their susceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures and that tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) was proconvulsive in this respect. the present study shows that tnf-alpha, at high concentrations, may also exert a suppressive effect on shigella-mediated seizures. this implies that high levels of tnf-alpha may play a protective role in neurologic complications of s. dysenteriae infecti ... | 2003 | 12654859 |
| [identification of the public health nurse within the public health work force in the regional health department-6 of ribeirão preto, sp, (brazil)]. | the general purpose of this study was the identification of the nurse within the public health work force in the regional health department of ribeirão preto of the state health secretariat of s. paulo. a questionnaire the options of which included: identification, level of training, progress in career, function, future professional expectations and membership of professional associations, was the chief data source. of the group studies 35 were female, 40% of whom were between 20 and 39 years ol ... | 2003 | 2094953 |
| [primary chest wall neoplasms of a connective-tissue type: case reports]. | 2003 | 262501 | |
| [cadmium in food (its distribution, toxicology and sanitary hygiene inspection)]. | 2003 | 219609 | |
| ventriculography with water-soluble contrast media. | ventriculography with water-soluble contrast media is described. the advantage of subtraction and tomography is discussed. the incidence of side effects and complications of ventriculography with air and dimer-x are given and compared with data about conray 60. | 2003 | 207118 |
| diphenylhydantoin: direct inhibition of the vitamin d3-mediated calcium absorptive mechanism in organ-cultured duodenum. | 2003 | 181008 | |
| multiple hormone producing islet cell carcinomas of the pancreas. a morphological and biochemical investigation. | biochemical, light, and electron microscopic studies of two multiple hormone producing metastic islet cell carcinomas of the pancreas are presented. both tumors initially produced symptoms referable to a single hormone and over a period of years produced two other endocrine active polypeptides. the tumor in case 1 had been studied electron microscopically six years previously and had demonstrated no significant ultrastructural changes since then. the tumor in case 2 contained secretory granules ... | 2003 | 166033 |
| [the cooperativity of the co2 hb binding: measurement by 13c-nmr spectrometry (author's transl)]. | 2003 | 161834 | |
| growth hormone and prolactin secretion in huntington's disease. | 2003 | 155768 | |
| chronic systemic dacron and teflon embolization of a beall model 103 mitral valve prosthesis. | a case is presented of chronic systemic dacron and teflon embolism arising from a beall model 103 mitral valve prosthesis installed 11 years earlier. the emboli induced intense foreign body reaction resulting in numerous microgranulomas throughout the body. multiple microinfarctions in the brain accounted for repeated episodes of transient ischemic attacks. wearing of the prosthesis with consequent embolic complications seems to be the inevitable terminal fate of such early models of the beall v ... | 2003 | 155758 |
| neuroendocrine effects of diazepam in normal subjects following brief painful stress. | the neuroendocrine effects of 5 and 10 mg of oral diazepam were assessed in 10 normal subjects under baseline (prestress) and laboratory-controlled stressful conditions. although the 10-mg diazepam dose had no effect on cortisol at baseline, it significantly reduced the increase in cortisol produced by 15 minutes of exposure to a painful electrical stimulus. there were no significant effects on growth hormone, beta-endorphin or acth, either at baseline or after painful stimulation. | 2003 | 2972756 |
| [the rheumatoid knee. surgical synovectomy (proceedings)]. | 2003 | 154704 | |
| [tibia lengthening in children. results and complications]. | 2003 | 154697 | |
| huntington's disease--growth of fibroblast cultures in lipid-deficient medium: a preliminary report. | when skin fibroblast cultures derived from subjects with huntington's disease (hd) were grown in medium supplemented with lipid-deficient serum (lds), growth rates were less than those of control cultures. the mean percentage increase in generation times for nine control cultures incurred by using lds rather than fetal calf serum (fcs) was 8.0%. four cultures from 2 patients with hd failed to grow in lds but grew well in medium supplemented with fcs. in nine other cultures derived from 7 patient ... | 2003 | 152597 |
| hypersensitivity reactions to food colours with special reference to the natural colour annatto extract (butter colour). | it is well known that synthetic food colours especially some azo dyes can provoke hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria, angioneurotic oedema, and astma (michaëlsson and juhlin, 1973, granholt and thune, 1975). natural food colours are scarcely investigated with respect to potential allergic properties. annatto extract, a commonly used food colour in edible fats e.g. butter, has been tested in patients. among 61 consecutive patients suffereing from chornic urticaria and/or angioneurotic o ... | 2003 | 150265 |
| morphologic and histochemical characteristics of cell lines derived from hamster peripheral lung tumors. | 2003 | 145368 | |
| a search on karyotypic mosaicism in mongoloid patients and their parents. | the frequency of chromosomal mosaicism among patients with clinical diagnosis of mongolism was determined. among 50 patients with at least 32 cells studied, 2 (or 4%) were found to be mosaics of the 46/47, +g type. among 350 patients with at least 5 cells studied, 2 (or 0.57%) 46/47, +g mosaic cases were detected. taking in account the probability of detecting mosaicism when 5 cells are analysed, a frequency of 0.58% of mosaic cases was estimated for this sample. the mosaic patients were submitt ... | 2003 | 143677 |
| blood chemistry and lipid profiles of elite distance runners. | in summary, we conclude that the analysis of the blood profiles of elite runners offers no explanation for their superior fitness of physical ability when compared to the good runners. selected enzymes related to cellular or tissue damage may be elevated in distance runners and could be classified as abnormal on routine clinical evaluation if unaware of their physical lifestyles. it is also important to note that certain blood profile parameters, especially the hematocrit, could be classified as ... | 2003 | 201207 |
| the effect of oxygen on the oh-radical-induced scission of the glycosidic linkage of cellobiose. | 2003 | 309876 |