Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| role of siderophore biosynthesis in virulence of staphylococcus aureus: identification and characterization of genes involved in production of a siderophore. | molecular determinants underlying the production of siderophores in the human and animal pathogen staphylococcus aureus and the contribution of siderophore production to the virulence of this bacterium have, until now, remained undefined. here, we show that s. aureus strains rn6390 and newman produce siderophore when the cells are starved for iron. we further identified and characterized a nine-gene, iron-regulated operon, designated sbn and situated between sirabc and gale on the s. aureus chro ... | 2004 | 14688077 |
| detection of the bacillus anthracis gyra gene by using a minor groove binder probe. | identification of chromosomal markers for rapid detection of bacillus anthracis is difficult because significant chromosomal homology exists among b. anthracis, bacillus cereus, and bacillus thuringiensis. we evaluated the bacterial gyra gene as a potential chromosomal marker for b. anthracis. a real-time pcr assay was developed for the detection of b. anthracis. after analysis of the unique nucleotide sequence of the b. anthracis gyra gene, a fluorescent 3' minor groove binding probe was tested ... | 2004 | 14715750 |
| rhur, an extracytoplasmic function sigma factor activator, is essential for heme-dependent expression of the outer membrane heme and hemoprotein receptor of bordetella avium. | genes involved in iron (fe) acquisition often are regulated in response to the local availability of fe. in many bacteria, fe-dependent responsiveness is mediated by fur, a global fe-dependent transcriptional repressor. tighter regulatory control of fur-responsive genes is afforded by incorporating additional regulators into fur-dependent regulatory cascades. rhui, a fur-dependent extracytoplasmic function sigma factor of bordetella avium, in response to the dual stimulation of fe starvation and ... | 2004 | 14742534 |
| integration of environmental signals controls expression of bordetella heme utilization genes. | the bordetella pertussis heme utilization gene cluster hurir bhurstuv encodes regulatory and transport functions required for assimilation of iron from heme and hemoproteins. expression of the bhu genes is iron regulated and heme inducible. the putative extracytoplasmic function (ecf) sigma factor, huri, is required for heme-responsive bhu gene expression. in this study, transcriptional activation of b. pertussis bhu genes in response to heme compounds was shown to be dose dependent and specific ... | 2004 | 14761988 |
| smallpox and pan-orthopox virus detection by real-time 3'-minor groove binder taqman assays on the roche lightcycler and the cepheid smart cycler platforms. | we designed, optimized, and extensively tested several sensitive and specific real-time pcr assays for rapid detection of both smallpox and pan-orthopox virus dnas. the assays are based on taqman 3'-minor groove binder chemistry and were performed on both the rapid-cycling roche lightcycler and the cepheid smart cycler platforms. the hemagglutinin (ha) j7r, b9r, and b10r genes were used as targets for the variola virus-specific assays, and the ha and dna polymerase-e9l genes were used as targets ... | 2004 | 14766823 |
| bordetella pertussis infection of primary human monocytes alters hla-dr expression. | bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough, a potentially lethal respiratory disease in children. in immunocompetent individuals, b. pertussis infection elicits an effective adaptive immune response driven by activated cd4(+) t cells. however, live b. pertussis persists in the host for 3 to 4 weeks prior to clearance. thus, b. pertussis appears to have evolved short-term mechanisms for immune system evasion. we investigated the effects of b. pertussis wild-type strain bp338 on ... | 2004 | 14977950 |
| real-time multiplex pcr assay for detection of brucella spp., b. abortus, and b. melitensis. | the identification of brucella can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive process that places personnel at risk for laboratory-acquired infection. here, we describe a real-time pcr assay for confirmation of presumptive brucella isolates. the assay was designed in a multiplex format that will allow the rapid identification of brucella spp., b. abortus, and b. melitensis in a single test. | 2004 | 15004098 |
| antibacterial screening of plants used in iranian folkloric medicine. | fifty methanolic plant extracts belonging to 44 plant species of 33 families finding use in iranian folkloric medicine were screened for antibacterial activity. thirty samples, including 28 species in 20 families, had antibacterial activity against at least on one of the bacteria. among the active plants, 32.6% were active against g(-), 62% against g(+), and 47.3% against both g(-) and g(+) bacteria. dianthus coryophyllus was active against all tested g(-) and g(+) bacteria except micrococcus lu ... | 2004 | 15030933 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of cgt, the brucella abortus cyclic beta-1,2-glucan transporter gene, and its role in virulence. | the animal pathogen brucella abortus contains a gene cgt, which complemented sinorhizobium meliloti nodule development (ndva) and agrobacterium tumefaciens chromosomal virulence (chva) mutants. complemented strains recovered the presence of anionic cyclic beta-1,2-glucan, motility, tumor induction in a. tumefaciens, and nodule occupancy in s. meliloti, all traits strictly associated with the presence of cyclic beta-1,2-glucan in the periplasm. nucleotide sequencing revealed that b. abortus cgt c ... | 2004 | 15039351 |
| a 12-base-pair deletion in the flagellar master control gene flhc causes nonmotility of the pathogenic german sorbitol-fermenting escherichia coli o157:h- strains. | an atypical, stx2-producing, pathogenic escherichia coli o157:h(-) strain has been isolated with increasing frequency from hemolytic uremic syndrome patients in germany. the lack of the h7 antigen coupled with the strain's ability to ferment sorbitol and express beta-glucuronidase have complicated its detection and identification. in this study, we have determined that the loss of motility in these german sorbitol-fermenting (sf) o157 strains is due to a 12-bp in-frame deletion in flhc that is r ... | 2004 | 15060034 |
| urease-encoding genes in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. | many but not all ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (aob) produce urease (urea amidohydrolase, ec 3.5.1.5) and are capable of using urea for chemolithotrophic growth. we sequenced the urease operons from two aob, the beta-proteobacterium nitrosospira sp. strain npav and the gamma-proteobacterium nitrosococcus oceani. in both organisms, all seven urease genes were contiguous: the three structural urease genes ureabc were preceded and succeeded by the accessory genes ured and ureefg, respectively. green f ... | 2004 | 15066830 |
| rapid and sensitive method using multiplex real-time pcr for diagnosis of infections by influenza a and influenza b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4. | laboratory diagnosis of viral respiratory infections is generally performed by virus isolation in cell culture and immunofluorescent assays. reverse transcriptase pcr is now recognized as a sensitive and specific alternative for detection of respiratory rna viruses. a rapid real-time multiplex pcr assay was developed for the detection of influenza a and influenza b viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus 1 (piv1), piv2, piv3, and piv4 in a two-tube multiplex reactio ... | 2004 | 15071005 |
| lower respiratory tract infections in cats: 21 cases (1995-2000). | twenty-one lower respiratory tract infections diagnosed in cats at university of sydney veterinary centre between 1995 and 2000 were identified retrospectively. patient records were analysed to determine historical, clinical, clinicopathologic and radiographic features of lower respiratory tract infections. response to therapy was also assessed. infectious agents identified were mycoplasma spp., pasteurella spp., bordetella bronchiseptica, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas sp., mycobacterium t ... | 2004 | 15135354 |
| a retrospective analysis of feline bronchoalveolar lavage cytology and microbiology (1995-2000). | a retrospective study of 88 bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from 80 cats presenting to the university of sydney veterinary centre between 1995 and 2000 was performed. bronchoalveolar lavage cytology and microbiology in conjunction with other diagnostic aids and patient records were used to classify cases as lower respiratory tract infections (ltris), lrti revisits, feline bronchial disease, cardiac disease, neoplastic disease and multisystemic disease. cases for which a definitive diagnosis cou ... | 2004 | 15135356 |
| cloning and functional analysis by gene disruption of a gene encoding a gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptor from kitasatospora setae. | gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptors of the genus streptomyces have a common activity as dna-binding transcriptional repressors, controlling secondary metabolism and/or morphological differentiation. a gene encoding a gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptor was cloned from a bafilomycin b1 producer, kitasatospora setae, for the first time from a non-streptomyces genus of actinomycetes, and its function was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo analyses. the gene fragment was initially clon ... | 2004 | 15150228 |
| a signal-arrest-release sequence mediates export and control of the phage p1 endolysin. | the lyz endolysin of bacteriophage p1 was found to cause lysis of the host without a holin. induction of a plasmid-cloned lyz resulted in lysis, and the lytic event could be triggered prematurely by treatments that dissipate the proton-motive force. instead of requiring a holin, export was mediated by an n-terminal transmembrane domain (tmd) and required host sec function. exported lyz of identical sds/page mobility was found in both the membrane and periplasmic compartments, indicating that per ... | 2004 | 15090650 |
| canine distemper and related diseases: report of a severe outbreak in a kennel. | an outbreak of canine distemper in a kennel of german shepherds in the province of bari is reported. six 42-day-old pups developed typical signs of canine distemper (fever, conjunctivitis, respiratory distress and enteritis) and died within 7-10 days. neurological symptoms were observed only in one pup. four additional pups, which had shown no sign of illness, were separated and vaccinated, but two of these developed a severe, fatal nervous form 15 days later. post-mortem examination, carried ou ... | 2004 | 15164629 |
| the type iii secreted protein bopd in bordetella bronchiseptica is complexed with bopb for pore formation on the host plasma membrane. | the cytotoxicity of bordetella bronchiseptica to infected cells is known to be dependent on a b. bronchiseptica type iii secretion system. although bopb, bopn, bopd, and bsp22 have been identified as type iii secreted proteins, these proteins remain to be characterized. in this study, in order to clarify the function of bopd during bordetella infection, a bopd mutant was generated. although secretion of bopd into the culture supernatant was completely abolished by the bopd mutation, the secretio ... | 2004 | 15175294 |
| the louse-borne human pathogen bartonella quintana is a genomic derivative of the zoonotic agent bartonella henselae. | we present the complete genomes of two human pathogens, bartonella quintana (1,581,384 bp) and bartonella henselae (1,931,047 bp). the two pathogens maintain several similarities in being transmitted by insect vectors, using mammalian reservoirs, infecting similar cell types (endothelial cells and erythrocytes) and causing vasculoproliferative changes in immunocompromised hosts. a primary difference between the two pathogens is their reservoir ecology. whereas b. quintana is a specialist, using ... | 2004 | 15210978 |
| identification of burkholderia cenocepacia genes required for bacterial survival in vivo. | burkholderia cenocepacia (formerly burkholderia cepacia complex genomovar iii) causes chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. in this work, we used a modified signature-tagged mutagenesis (stm) strategy for the isolation of b. cenocepacia mutants that cannot survive in vivo. thirty-seven specialized plasposons, each carrying a unique oligonucleotide tag signature, were constructed and used to examine the survival of 2,627 b. cenocepacia transposon mutants, arranged in pools of ... | 2004 | 15213146 |
| evidence that the algi/algj gene cassette, required for o acetylation of pseudomonas aeruginosa alginate, evolved by lateral gene transfer. | pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, isolated from chronically infected patients with cystic fibrosis, produce the o-acetylated extracellular polysaccharide, alginate, giving these strains a mucoid phenotype. o acetylation of alginate plays an important role in the ability of mucoid p. aeruginosa to form biofilms and to resist complement-mediated phagocytosis. the o-acetylation process is complex, requiring a protein with seven transmembrane domains (algi), a type ii membrane protein (algj), and a pe ... | 2004 | 15231808 |
| the homogentisate pathway: a central catabolic pathway involved in the degradation of l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetate in pseudomonas putida. | pseudomonas putida metabolizes phe and tyr through a peripheral pathway involving hydroxylation of phe to tyr (phhab), conversion of tyr into 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (tyrb), and formation of homogentisate (hpd) as the central intermediate. homogentisate is then catabolized by a central catabolic pathway that involves three enzymes, homogentisate dioxygenase (hmga), fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (hmgb), and maleylacetoacetate isomerase (hmgc), finally yielding fumarate and acetoacetate. whereas t ... | 2004 | 15262943 |
| icm/dot-independent entry of legionella pneumophila into amoeba and macrophage hosts. | legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of legionnaires' disease, expresses a type ivb secretion apparatus that translocates bacterial proteins into amoeba and macrophage hosts. when stationary-phase cultures are used to infect hosts, the type ivb apparatus encoded by the icm/dot genes is required for entry, delay of phagosome-lysosome fusion, and intracellular multiplication within host cells. null mutants with mutations in icm/dot genes are defective in these phenotypes. here a new model i ... | 2004 | 15271914 |
| interactions of pulmonary collectins with bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide elucidate the structural basis of their antimicrobial activities. | surfactant proteins a (sp-a) and d (sp-d) play an important role in the innate immune defenses of the respiratory tract. sp-a binds to the lipid a region of lipopolysaccharide (lps), and sp-d binds to the core oligosaccharide region. both proteins induce aggregation, act as opsonins for neutrophils and macrophages, and have direct antimicrobial activity. bordetella pertussis lps has a branched core structure and a nonrepeating terminal trisaccharide. bordetella bronchiseptica lps has the same st ... | 2004 | 15557636 |
| mitochondrial cytochrome c1 is a collapsed di-heme cytochrome. | cytochrome c(1) from mitochondrial complex iii and the di-heme cytochromes c in the corresponding enzyme from epsilon-proteobacteria have so far been considered to represent unrelated cytochromes. a missing link protein discovered in the genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium aquifex aeolicus, however, provides evidence for a close evolutionary relationship between these two cytochromes. the mono-heme cytochrome c(1) from a. aeolicus contains stretches of strong sequence homology toward the e ... | 2004 | 15591339 |
| toll-like receptor 4-dependent early elicited tumor necrosis factor alpha expression is critical for innate host defense against bordetella bronchiseptica. | toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) mediates the response to lipopolysaccharide, and its activation induces the expression of a large number of inflammatory genes, many of which are also induced by other pathogen-associated molecular patterns. interestingly, the subset of genes that are dependent on tlr4 for optimal expression during gram-negative bacterial infection has not been determined. we have previously shown that tlr4-deficient mice rapidly develop acute pneumonia after inoculation with bordetel ... | 2004 | 15501798 |
| the bfer regulator mediates enterobactin-inducible expression of bordetella enterobactin utilization genes. | utilization of the enterobactin siderophore by the respiratory pathogens bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica is dependent on the bfea outer membrane receptor. this study determined that production of bfea was increased significantly in iron-starved bacteria upon supplementation of cultures with enterobactin. a 1.01-kb open reading frame, designated bfer, encoding a predicted positive transcriptional regulator of the arac family was identified upstream and divergently oriented from ... | 2004 | 15489442 |
| intranasal immunisation against tetanus with an attenuated bordetella bronchiseptica vector expressing frgc: improved immunogenicity using a bvg-regulated promoter to express frgc. | mice were immunised intranasally with live bordetella bronchiseptica aroa strains possessing plasmids encoding fragment c (frgc) of tetanus toxin. frgc was expressed either from a constitutive tac promoter (strain gvb120) or the bvg-dependent fhab promoter (strain gvb1543). serum anti-frgc antibody titres were detected in all mice immunised with gvb1543 and gvb120 but the average titres were higher and the responses to frgc were more consistent in gvb1543 immunised animals. this was reflected in ... | 2004 | 15474722 |
| a hydrocarbon ruler measures palmitate in the enzymatic acylation of endotoxin. | the ability of enzymes to distinguish between fatty acyl groups can involve molecular measuring devices termed hydrocarbon rulers, but the molecular basis for acyl-chain recognition in any membrane-bound enzyme remains to be defined. pagp is an outer membrane acyltransferase that helps pathogenic bacteria to evade the host immune response by transferring a palmitate chain from a phospholipid to lipid a (endotoxin). pagp can distinguish lipid acyl chains that differ by a single methylene unit, in ... | 2004 | 15272304 |
| enteric pathogens as vaccine vectors for foreign antigen delivery. | 2004 | 15385450 | |
| microarray-based identification of bacteria in clinical samples by solid-phase pcr amplification of 23s ribosomal dna sequences. | the rapid identification of the bacteria in clinical samples is important for patient management and antimicrobial therapy. we describe a dna microarray-based pcr approach for the quick detection and identification of bacteria from cervical swab specimens from mares. this on-chip pcr method combines the amplification of a variable region of bacterial 23s ribosomal dna and the simultaneous sequence-specific detection on a solid phase. the solid phase contains bacterial species-specific primers co ... | 2004 | 15004052 |
| conjugative plasmid transfer in gram-positive bacteria. | conjugative transfer of bacterial plasmids is the most efficient way of horizontal gene spread, and it is therefore considered one of the major reasons for the increase in the number of bacteria exhibiting multiple-antibiotic resistance. thus, conjugation and spread of antibiotic resistance represents a severe problem in antibiotic treatment, especially of immunosuppressed patients and in intensive care units. while conjugation in gram-negative bacteria has been studied in great detail over the ... | 2003 | 12794193 |
| bugging the bugs. genomics and proteomics may provide new ways of making the lives of bacteria more miserable. | 2003 | 12671675 | |
| microbial genome jambalaya. | 2003 | 12702204 | |
| a golden age for microbial genomics. | 2003 | 14611656 | |
| ancient origin of the tryptophan operon and the dynamics of evolutionary change. | the seven conserved enzymatic domains required for tryptophan (trp) biosynthesis are encoded in seven genetic regions that are organized differently (whole-pathway operons, multiple partial-pathway operons, and dispersed genes) in prokaryotes. a comparative bioinformatics evaluation of the conservation and organization of the genes of trp biosynthesis in prokaryotic operons should serve as an excellent model for assessing the feasibility of predicting the evolutionary histories of genes and oper ... | 2003 | 12966138 |
| molecular and antigenic characterization of bordetella bronchiseptica isolated from a wild southern sea otter (enhydra lutris nereis) with severe suppurative bronchopneumonia. | bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated in pure culture from the lung, abdomen, and intestine of a wild free-ranging southern sea otter (enhydra lutris nereis) with severe, suppurative bronchopneumonia. immunohistochemistry, using antiserum raised to b. bronchiseptica, revealed strong positive staining of bacteria attached to bronchial ciliated epithelia as well as scattered positive staining in affected alveoli. western blot analysis demonstrated that virulence factors, filamentous hemagglutinin ... | 2003 | 14667021 |
| pertussis toxin plays an early role in respiratory tract colonization by bordetella pertussis. | in this study, we sought to determine whether pertussis toxin (pt), an exotoxin virulence factor produced exclusively by bordetella pertussis, is important for colonization of the respiratory tract by this pathogen by using a mouse intranasal infection model. by comparing a wild-type tohama i strain to a mutant strain with an in-frame deletion of the ptx genes encoding pt (deltapt), we found that the lack of pt confers a significant peak (day 7) colonization defect (1 to 2 log(10) units) over a ... | 2003 | 14573656 |
| humoral immunity against bordetella pertussis: antibodies or b cells? | 2003 | 14573698 | |
| functional bvgas virulence control system in bordetella bronchiseptica is necessary for induction of ca2+ transients in ciliated tracheal epithelial cells. | to study initial bordetella bronchiseptica-tracheal epithelial cell interactions, we coincubated b. bronchiseptica with rabbit tracheal explant cultures and assayed bacterial adherence and host cell ca(2+) signaling. wild-type b. bronchiseptica (rb50) preferentially adhered to cilia and induced ciliated host cell ca(2+) transients within 2 min of coincubation, whereas coincubation with an avirulent strain (rb57) resulted in limited binding and ca(2+) signaling. the described cell system allows f ... | 2003 | 14638818 |
| serum acute phase proteins and swine health status. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between swine health status and the concentration of the serum acute phase proteins, haptoglobin (hp), and c-reactive protein (crp). a total of 378 clinically healthy pigs from farms a and b, plus 20 pigs culled from farm a due to poor growth, were used in this experiment. each pig was examined and blood samples were collected during slaughter. the hp concentration was measured by using an hp-hemoglobin binding assay. the crp concentr ... | 2003 | 14620865 |
| retrospective analysis of etiologic agents associated with respiratory diseases in pigs. | twenty-eight hundred and seventy-two cases of respiratory disease in pigs were analyzed for their etiologic agents. two or more pathogens were detected from 88.2% of the cases, indicating that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) or swine influenza virus (siv) combined with other bacterial agents was a common cause for porcine respiratory diseases in the mid-western usa. | 2003 | 14524628 |
| identification and characterization of a unique adenosine kinase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | adenosine kinase (ak) is a purine salvage enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of adenosine to amp. in mycobacterium tuberculosis, ak can also catalyze the phosphorylation of the adenosine analog 2-methyladenosine (methyl-ado), the first step in the metabolism of this compound to an active form. purification of ak from m. tuberculosis yielded a 35-kda protein that existed as a dimer in its native form. adenosine (ado) was preferred as a substrate at least 30-fold (km = 0.8 +/- 0.08 microm) ... | 2003 | 14594827 |
| pfge and pertactin gene sequencing suggest limited genetic variability within the finnish bordetella parapertussis population. | the outer-membrane protein pertactin (prn) of bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica is believed to function as an adhesin and is an important immunogen. the emergence of b. pertussis and b. bronchiseptica prn variants has been reported. the aim of this study was to determine whether similar variation is found in b. parapertussis prn and to characterize finnish clinical b. parapertussis isolates that were collected in 1982-2000. of 76 b. parapertussis isolat ... | 2003 | 14614063 |
| analysis of bvgr expression in bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, produces a wide array of factors that are associated with its ability to cause disease. the expression and regulation of these virulence factors are dependent upon the bvg locus, which encodes three proteins: bvga, a 23-kda cytoplasmic protein; bvgs, a 135-kda transmembrane protein; and bvgr, a 32-kda protein. it is hypothesized that bvgs responds to environmental signals and interacts with bvga, a transcriptional regulator, which upon ... | 2003 | 14617654 |
| evaluation of a multiplex pcr test for simultaneous identification and serotyping of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 2, 5, and 6. | serotype-specific dna regions involved in the biosynthesis of capsular polysaccharides (cps region) were used to develop a multiplex pcr test for the simultaneous species identification and serotyping of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 2, 5, and 6. primers specific for serotypes 2, 5, and 6 were combined with the already existing species-specific primers used in a pcr test based on the omla gene. the pcr test was evaluated with serotype reference strains of a. pleuropneumoniae as well ... | 2003 | 12958231 |
| bordetella pertussis acquires resistance to complement-mediated killing in vivo. | in order to initially colonize a host, bacteria must avoid various components of the innate immune system, one of which is complement. the genus bordetella includes three closely related species that differ in their ability to resist complement-mediated killing. bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica resist killing in naïve serum, a characteristic that may aid in efficient respiratory tract colonization and has been attributed to expression of o antigen. bordetella pertussis lack ... | 2003 | 12933835 |
| comparative analysis of the genome sequences of bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. | bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica are closely related gram-negative beta-proteobacteria that colonize the respiratory tracts of mammals. b. pertussis is a strict human pathogen of recent evolutionary origin and is the primary etiologic agent of whooping cough. b. parapertussis can also cause whooping cough, and b. bronchiseptica causes chronic respiratory infections in a wide range of animals. we sequenced the genomes of b. bronchiseptica rb50 (5,338,40 ... | 2003 | 12910271 |
| expression of a truncated pasteurella multocida toxin antigen in bordetella bronchiseptica. | mild or subclinical respiratory infections caused by bordetella bronchiseptica are widespread in pigs despite multiple control efforts. infection with virulent b. bronchiseptica strains is a common risk factor in the establishment of toxin-producing strains of pasteurella multocida in the nasal cavity of pigs leading to the disease, atrophic rhinitis (ar). this study was designed to explore the possibility of expressing a protective epitope of p. multocida toxin (pmt) in b. bronchiseptica to cre ... | 2003 | 12829385 |
| mac-1-mediated uptake and killing of bordetella bronchiseptica by porcine alveolar macrophages. | the role of mac-1 as a receptor for bordetella bronchiseptica infection of alveolar macrophages (amphi) was examined using 6 strains (2 atcc and 4 pathogenic field isolates) to assess b. bronchiseptica binding, uptake and replication in primary porcine amphi. all b. bronchiseptica strains were rapidly killed by porcine serum in a dose- and time-dependent manner. however, heat-inactivated porcine serum (his) did not demonstrate any bacterial-killing activity, suggesting that complement may have a ... | 2003 | 12819364 |
| species-wide variation in the escherichia coli flagellin (h-antigen) gene. | escherichia coli is a clonal species. the best-understood components of its clonal variation are the flagellar (h) and polysaccharide (o) antigens, both well documented since the mid-1930s because of their use in serotyping. flagellin is the protein subunit of the flagellum that carries h-antigen specificity. we show that 43 of the 54 h-antigen specificities of e. coli map to the flagellin gene at flic and sequenced all 43 forms and confirmed specificity of each by cloning and expression. this i ... | 2003 | 12700273 |
| comparison of bipa alleles within and across bordetella species. | the bordetella bvgas signal transduction system controls the expression of at least three phenotypic phases, the bvg(+) or virulent phase, the bvg(-) or avirulent phase, and the bvg(i) or bvg intermediate phase, which has been hypothesized to be important for transmission. bipa, the first identified bvg(i)-phase gene, encodes a protein with similarity to the well-characterized bacterial adhesins intimin and invasin. proteins encoded by the bipa genes present in bordetella pertussis tohama i and ... | 2003 | 12761081 |
| comparison of ribotyping and restriction enzyme analysis for inter- and intraspecies discrimination of bordetella avium and bordetella hinzii. | bordetella avium is an avian respiratory disease pathogen responsible for substantial economic losses to the turkey industry. the inability to distinguish isolates has hampered outbreak investigations and prevents a complete understanding of transmission mechanisms. isolates of bordetella hinzii, often referred to as b. avium-like or as alcaligenes faecalis type ii prior to 1995, have also been acquired from the respiratory tracts of diseased poultry but are not believed to be pathogenic for bir ... | 2003 | 12682138 |
| in vitro activities of telithromycin and 10 oral agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis. | a study of the comparative in vitro activity of telithromycin, a new ketolide, against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic antral sinus puncture isolates showed it to be active against a broad range of sinus pathogens. all pneumococci, including erythromycin-resistant strains, were susceptible to telithromycin at < or = 0.5 microg/ml; all haemophilus influenzae and eikenella corrodens strains were inhibited by < or = 4 microg of telithromycin/ml; all moraxella spp. and beta-lactamase-producing prevote ... | 2003 | 12760875 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica pagp is a bvg-regulated lipid a palmitoyl transferase that is required for persistent colonization of the mouse respiratory tract. | bordetella bronchiseptica lipopolysaccharide (lps) expression varies depending on growth conditions, regulated by the bvg system. a b. bronchiseptica pagp homologue was identified that is required for bvg-mediated modification of the lipid a core region of lps that occurs on switching from the bvg- to the bvg+ phase. structural analysis demonstrated that the lipid a of a b. bronchiseptica pagp mutant differed from wild-type lipid a by the absence of a palmitate group in secondary acylation at th ... | 2003 | 12694617 |
| respiratory disease in kennelled dogs: serological responses to bordetella bronchiseptica lipopolysaccharide do not correlate with bacterial isolation or clinical respiratory symptoms. | the role of bordetella bronchiseptica in a natural outbreak of canine infectious respiratory disease was investigated both by culture and serological analysis. b. bronchiseptica was found in the lungs of a large proportion of clinically healthy dogs and in a greater proportion of dogs with respiratory disease. using a lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we analyzed the serological responses of a large number of dogs. dogs with high antibody levels showed no ... | 2003 | 12738630 |
| [biotyping and molecular phenotypic characterization of bordetella bronchiseptica]. | in the present study biochemical tests and outer membrane protein profile (omp) capacity for typing bordetella bronchiseptica field isolates were evaluated. the biochemical tests were performed by api 20ne system. omp enriched fractions were obtained from cultures under virulent and modulated conditions and were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). we have identified five patterns by differences in the bands in the 85-95 kda region (alpha, beta, gamma ... | 2003 | 14587371 |
| real-time pcr assay targets the 23s-5s spacer for direct detection and differentiation of legionella spp. and legionella pneumophila. | a real-time pcr for the abi prism 7000 system targeting the 23s-5s spacer of legionella spp. was developed. simultaneous detection and differentiation of legionella spp. and legionella pneumophila within 90 min and without post-pcr melting-curve analysis was achieved using two taqman probes. in sputum samples from 23 controls and 17 patients with legionellosis, defined by positive culture, urinary antigen testing, or seroconversion, 94% sensitivity and 100% specificity were observed. | 2003 | 14532229 |
| identification of quorum-sensing-regulated genes of burkholderia cepacia. | quorum sensing is a regulatory mechanism (operating in response to cell density) which in gram-negative bacteria usually involves the production of n-acyl homoserine lactones (hsl). quorum sensing in burkholderia cepacia has been associated with the regulation of expression of extracellular proteins and siderophores and also with the regulation of swarming and biofilm formation. in the present study, several quorum-sensing-controlled gene promoters of b. cepacia atcc 25416 were identified and ch ... | 2003 | 14563881 |
| role of bordetella o antigen in respiratory tract infection. | lipopolysaccharide (lps), as the major surface molecule of gram-negative bacteria, interacts with the host in complex ways, both inducing and protecting against aspects of inflammatory and adaptive immunity. the membrane-distal repeated carbohydrate structure of lps, the o antigen, can prevent antibody functions and may vary as a mechanism of immune evasion. genes of the wbm locus are required for the assembly of o antigen on the animal pathogen bordetella bronchiseptica and the human pathogen b ... | 2003 | 12496152 |
| reduced glutathione is required for pertussis toxin secretion by bordetella pertussis. | the abilities of cysteine-containing compounds to support growth of bordetella pertussis and influence pertussis toxin transcription, assembly, and secretion were examined. cysteine is an essential amino acid for b. pertussis and must be present for protein synthesis and bacterial growth. however, cysteine can be metabolized to sulfate, and high concentrations of sulfate can selectively inhibit transcription of the virulence factors, including pertussis toxin, via the bvgas two-component regulat ... | 2003 | 12595447 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica infection of rats and mice. | bordetella bronchiseptica has long been associated with respiratory tract infections in laboratory research, food-producing, companion, and wildlife animal species. its range of distribution also may include humans and contaminated inanimate environmental sources. natural diseases due to b. bronchiseptica infections in laboratory rats and mice were described before many of the major pathogens of these hosts were discovered. to our knowledge, there are no recent reports of natural disease due to ... | 2003 | 12625502 |
| seroepidemiological survey of bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza-2 virus in dogs in sweden. | the prevalence of antibodies against bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza-2 virus (cpiv-2) was investigated in a population of 302 pet dogs in sweden. sera were analysed for b bronchiseptica-specific immunoglobulin g by means of an elisa, and for cpiv-2 specific neutralising antibody by means of a haemagglutination inhibition test. b bronchiseptica had a seroprevalence of 22 per cent and cpiv-2 had a seroprevalence of 28 per cent. the two pathogens did not appear to circulate toget ... | 2003 | 12638909 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica persists in the nasal cavities of mice and triggers early delivery of dendritic cells in the lymph nodes draining the lower and upper respiratory tract. | early after the intranasal instillation of bordetella bronchiseptica into mice, not only are mature dendritic leukocytes recovered from lung parenchyma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid but their numbers are also increased in the mediastinal lymph nodes and the nasal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. later during the infectious process, the bacteria persist mainly in the nasal cavity. | 2003 | 12819105 |
| comparison of lightcycler pcr, rapid antigen immunoassay, and culture for detection of group a streptococci from throat swabs. | we compared the performance characteristics of a real-time pcr method, the lightcycler strep-a assay (roche applied science, indianapolis, ind.), to those of a rapid antigen immunoassay, the directigen 1-2-3 group a strep test kit (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md.), and a standard culture method for detection of group a streptococci (gas) from 384 throat swabs. the lightcycler pcr produced more positive results (n = 58) than either culture (n = 55) or the directigen immunoassay (n = 31). the r ... | 2003 | 12517855 |
| insertion sequence isecp1b is involved in expression and mobilization of a bla(ctx-m) beta-lactamase gene. | the genetic structures (ca. 10-kb dna fragment) surrounding the plasmid-borne extended-spectrum beta-lactamase bla(ctx-m-19) gene in a klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate were determined. this beta-lactamase gene was part of a 4,797-bp transposon inserted inside orf1 of tn1721. inside this transposon, bla(ctx-m-19) was bracketed upstream and downstream by insertion sequences ise cp1b and is903d, respectively, and further downstream by a truncated gene encoding an outer membrane protein for ir ... | 2003 | 12936998 |
| in vitro activities of abt-492, a new fluoroquinolone, against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral sinus puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis. | abt-492 exhibited excellent in vitro activities against all 326 aerobic and anaerobic antral puncture sinus isolates tested with mics (in micrograms per milliliter) at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited as follows: haemophilus influenzae, 0.001; moraxella catarrhalis, 0.008; and streptococcus pneumoniae, 0.015. it was four- to sixfold more active than other fluoroquinolones, including against levofloxacin-resistant strains of s. pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureu ... | 2003 | 12937015 |
| evaluation of real-time pcr for detection of and discrimination between bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and bordetella holmesii for clinical diagnosis. | pcr is increasingly being used as a diagnostic test for the detection of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis dna, as it has improved sensitivity and specificity in comparison to conventional techniques. the assay described here uses the two insertion sequences is481 and is1001 for b. pertussis and b. parapertussis, respectively, with detection by molecular beacons. the real-time pcr for is481 detects both b. pertussis and bordetella holmesii, and the real-time pcr for is1001 detect ... | 2003 | 12958235 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica infection in pediatric lung transplant recipients. | bordetella bronchiseptica are small, pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacilli which are commensal organisms in the upper respiratory tract of many wild and domestic animals ('kennel cough' in dogs). while it is common for health care providers to ask about exposure to ill family/friends, most do not routinely inquire about the health or immunization status of household pets. we report two cases of b. bronchiseptica pneumonia in lung transplant recipients [cystic fibrosis (cf); ages 10 and 15 yr; o ... | 2003 | 14738306 |
| bopb is a type iii secreted protein in bordetella bronchiseptica and is required for cytotoxicity against cultured mammalian cells. | the cytotoxicity of bordetella bronchiseptica to infected cells is known to be dependent on a b. bronchiseptica type iii secretion system. although the precise mechanism of the type iii secretion system is unknown, bopn, bopd and bsp22 have been identified as type iii secreted proteins. in order to identify other proteins secreted via the type iii secretion machinery in bordetella, a type iii mutant was generated, and its secretion profile was compared with that of the wild-type strain. the resu ... | 2003 | 14641181 |
| flagella and motility in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae has been considered nonmotile and nonflagellate. in this work, it is demonstrated that a. pleuropneumoniae produces flagella composed of a 65-kda protein with an n-terminal amino acid sequence that shows 100% identity with those of escherichia coli, salmonella, and shigella flagellins. the dna sequence obtained through pcr of the flic gene in a. pleuropneumoniae showed considerable identity (93%) in its 5' and 3' ends with the dna sequences of corresponding genes ... | 2003 | 12511514 |
| molecular host-pathogen interaction in brucellosis: current understanding and future approaches to vaccine development for mice and humans. | brucellosis caused by brucella spp. is a major zoonotic disease. control of brucellosis in agricultural animals is a prerequisite for the prevention of this disease in human beings. recently, brucella melitensis was declared by the centers for disease control and prevention to be one of three major bioterrorist agents due to the expense required for the treatment of human brucellosis patients. also, the economic agricultural loss due to bovine brucellosis emphasizes the financial impact of bruce ... | 2003 | 12525425 |
| heme-responsive transcriptional activation of bordetella bhu genes. | bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica, gram-negative respiratory pathogens of mammals, possess a heme iron utilization system encoded by the bhurstuv genes. preliminary evidence suggested that expression of the bhur heme receptor was stimulated by the presence of heme under iron-limiting conditions. the hurir (heme uptake regulator) genes were previously identified upstream of the bhurstuv gene cluster and are predicted to encode homologs of members of the iron starvation subfamily ... | 2003 | 12533466 |
| pyoverdine-mediated regulation of fpva synthesis in pseudomonas aeruginosa: involvement of a probable extracytoplasmic-function sigma factor, fpvi. | a search of the pvd pyoverdine biosynthesis locus of pseudomonas aeruginosa identified an open reading frame, pa2387, whose product exhibited a sequence similar to those of a number of so-called extracytoplasmic- function sigma factors responsible for siderophore-dependent expression of iron-siderophore receptors in escherichia coli and pseudomonas putida. deletion of this gene, dubbed fpvi, compromised pyoverdine-dependent fpva ferric pyoverdine receptor production and fpva gene expression, whi ... | 2003 | 12562796 |
| overrepresentation of a gene family encoding extracytoplasmic solute receptors in bordetella. | a family of genes that are likely to encode extracytoplasmic solute receptors is strongly overrepresented in several beta-proteobacteria, including bordetella pertussis. this gene family, of which members have been called bug genes, contains some examples that are contained within polycistronic operons coding for tripartite uptake transporters of the ttt family, while the vast majority are "orphan" genes. proteomic and functional analyses demonstrated that several of these genes are expressed in ... | 2003 | 12562821 |
| evaluation of broiler litter with reference to the microbial composition as assessed by using 16s rrna and functional gene markers. | very little is known about the microbial composition of animal bedding wastes, including poultry litter, and what is known has been deduced from standard culture methods, by which some fastidious organisms that exist in the environment may not be detected. we evaluated the bacterial composition of poultry litter by using a combination of culture and molecular detection. total aerobic bacteria in poultry litter were detected by culture at 10(9) cfu/g of material. enteric bacteria such as enteroco ... | 2003 | 12571010 |
| bordetella type iii secretion induces caspase 1-independent necrosis. | the bordetella bronchiseptica type iii (tiii) secretion system induces cytotoxicity in infected macrophages and epithelial cells. in this report we characterize the cell death phenotype and compare it to the tiii-dependent cytotoxicity induced by yersinia enterocolitica and shigella flexneri. bordetella bronchiseptica strain rb58 was able to induce cell death in j774a.1 macrophages with the same efficiency as shigella and yersinia, but only b. bronchiseptica was able to kill epithelial cells in ... | 2003 | 12580948 |
| unexpected similarities between bordetella avium and other pathogenic bordetellae. | bordetella avium causes an upper respiratory tract disease (bordetellosis) in avian species. commercially raised turkeys are particularly susceptible. like other pathogenic members of the genus bordetella (b. pertussis and b. bronchiseptica) that infect mammals, b. avium binds preferentially to ciliated tracheal epithelial cells and produces similar signs of disease. these similarities prompted us to study bordetellosis in turkeys as a possible nonmammalian model for whooping cough, the exclusiv ... | 2003 | 12704133 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of rhodococcus equi and other common equine pathogens to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and 20 other antimicrobials. | the objective of this study was to determine in vitro activities of azithromycin (azm), clarithromycin (clr), and 20 other antimicrobial agents against rhodococcus equi and other common equine bacterial pathogens. a total of 201 bacterial isolates from various equine clinical samples were examined. clr was more active than azm against r. equi, with mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited of 0.12 and 1.0 micro g/ml, respectively. other antimicrobial agents highly active against at least ... | 2003 | 12709351 |
| postsurgical meningitis caused by bordetella bronchiseptica. | 2003 | 12712975 | |
| an iron-regulated gene required for utilization of aerobactin as an exogenous siderophore in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | a previous investigation using the fur titration assay system showed that vibrio parahaemolyticus possesses a gene encoding a protein homologous to iuta, the outer-membrane receptor for ferric aerobactin in escherichia coli. in this study, a 5.6 kb dna region from the v. parahaemolyticus wp1 genome was cloned and two entire genes, iuta and alcd homologues, were identified which are absent from vibrio cholerae genomic sequences. the v. parahaemolyticus iuta and alcd proteins share 43 % identity w ... | 2003 | 12724383 |
| attenuated virulence of a burkholderia cepacia type iii secretion mutant in a murine model of infection. | type iii secretion systems are utilized by a number of gram-negative bacterial pathogens to deliver virulence-associated proteins into host cells. using a pcr-based approach, we identified homologs of type iii secretion genes in the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia cepacia, an important pulmonary pathogen in immunocompromised patients and patients with cystic fibrosis. one of the genes, designated bscn, encodes a member of a family of atp-binding proteins believed to generate energy driving ... | 2003 | 12595458 |
| an aromatic amino acid auxotrophic mutant of bordetella bronchiseptica is attenuated and immunogenic in a mouse model of infection. | we have constructed an aromatic amino acid auxotrophic mutant of bordetella bronchiseptica, harbouring mutations in aroa and trpe to investigate the use of such a strain as a live-attenuated vaccine. b. bronchiseptica aroa trpe was unable to grow in minimal medium without aromatic supplementation. compared to the parental wild-type strain, the mutant displayed significantly reduced abilities to invade and survive within the mouse macrophage-like cell line j774a.1 in vitro and in the murine respi ... | 2003 | 12694904 |
| use of bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella pertussis as live vaccines and vectors for heterologous antigens. | bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica are respiratory pathogens of humans and animals respectively. unlike many bacteria, they are able to efficiently colonise healthy ciliated respiratory mucosa. this characteristic of bordetella spp. can potentially be exploited to develop efficient live vaccines and vectors for delivery of heterologous antigens to the respiratory tract. here we review the progress in this area. | 2003 | 12832115 |
| the association of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus with canine infectious respiratory disease. | canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) is a multi-factorial infection that affects many kennelled dogs despite the wide use of vaccination. current vaccines aim to protect against viral agents and a single bacterial agent, bordetella bronchiseptica. we sought to examine the role of streptococcal species in cird. the isolation and identification of streptococci in the lower respiratory tract of clinically healthy dogs and those with cird were used to correlate the presence of specific strep ... | 2003 | 12860084 |
| in vitro activities of florfenicol against bovine and porcine respiratory tract pathogens. | florfenicol in vitro activities for a total of 756 bacterial isolates from respiratory tract infections of cattle and swine were comparatively investigated by the agar diffusion method and the microdilution broth method. florfenicol showed high in vitro activity against pasteurella multocida, mannheimia haemolytica, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, and streptococcus suis, with all of the isolates inhibited by </=2 micro g of florfenicol per ml. | 2003 | 12878547 |
| comparison of experimental models for streptococcus suis infection of conventional pigs. | four different experimental models for streptococcus suis-induced disease were compared to find a model that closely mimics naturally occurring disease in conventional pigs. fourteen, 2-week old pigs free of s. suis type 2 were used in 2 experiments. in experiment 1, 3 pigs were inoculated intravenously (iv) and 3 pigs intranasally (in) with s. suis. two out of 3 of the iv-inoculated pigs exhibited signs of severe central nervous system disease (cns) and were euthanized. streptococcus suis type ... | 2003 | 12889730 |
| real-time pcr detection of brucella abortus: a comparative study of sybr green i, 5'-exonuclease, and hybridization probe assays. | real-time pcr provides a means of detecting and quantifying dna targets by monitoring pcr product accumulation during cycling as indicated by increased fluorescence. a number of different approaches can be used to generate the fluorescence signal. three approaches-sybr green i (a double-stranded dna intercalating dye), 5'-exonuclease (enzymatically released fluors), and hybridization probes (fluorescence resonance energy transfer)-were evaluated for use in a real-time pcr assay to detect brucell ... | 2003 | 12902268 |
| pneumonia due to bordetella bronchiseptica in a cystic fibrosis patient: 16s rrna sequencing for diagnosis confirmation. | bordetella bronchiseptica was identified as an unusual etiologic agent of pulmonary recurrent exacerbations and pneumonia in a cystic fibrosis (cf) patient by utilizing a 16s rrna molecular kit in our hospital's clinical laboratory. this method appears to be a useful approach for identifying new emerging cf pathogens when discrepancies exist between phenotypical tests. | 2002 | 12037116 |
| cavitary pneumonia in an aids patient caused by an unusual bordetella bronchiseptica variant producing reduced amounts of pertactin and other major antigens. | although bordetella bronchiseptica can infect and colonize immunocompromised humans, its role as a primary pathogen in pneumonia and other respiratory processes affecting those patients remains controversial. a case of cavitary pneumonia caused by b. bronchiseptica in an aids patient is presented, and the basis of the seemingly enhanced pathogenic potential of this isolate (designated 814) is investigated. b. bronchiseptica was the only microorganism recovered from sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage ... | 2002 | 12202545 |
| real-time lightcycler pcr for detection and discrimination of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. | real-time pcr assays based on the lightcycler technology were developed for individual (simplex pcr) and simultaneous (duplex pcr) detection and discrimination of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis in clinical samples. the assays were evaluated with 113 specimens from patients with and without symptoms of pertussis. results were compared to those from conventional culture and taqman real-time pcr. the analytical sensitivity ranged from 0.1 to 10 cfu for b. pertussis and b. paraper ... | 2002 | 11980949 |
| base-specific fragmentation of amplified 16s rrna genes analyzed by mass spectrometry: a tool for rapid bacterial identification. | a rapid approach to the 16s rrna gene (16s rdna)-based bacterial identification has been developed that combines uracil-dna-glycosylase (udg)-mediated base-specific fragmentation of pcr products with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). 16s rdna signature sequences were pcr-amplified from both cultured and as-yet-uncultured bacteria in the presence of dutp instead of dttp. these pcr products then were immobilized onto a streptavidin-coated ... | 2002 | 11983869 |
| use of a rationally attenuated bordetella bronchiseptica as a live mucosal vaccine and vector for heterologous antigens. | inactivation of the aroa gene of bordetella bronchiseptica severely impaired its ability to colonise the respiratory tract of mice. the b. bronchiseptica aroa mutant was investigated as a live vaccine and vector for heterologous antigens. the b. bronchiseptica aroa mutant expressing the non-toxic fragment c (frgc) of tetanus toxin (strain gvb120) was used to immunise mice intranasally. immunised mice produced a strong serum and mucosal antibody response to b. bronchiseptica and serum anti-frgc a ... | 2002 | 12009288 |
| a repressor protein, phar, regulates polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthesis via its direct interaction with pha. | phasins (phap) are predominantly polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) granule-associated proteins that positively affect pha synthesis. recently, we reported that the phar gene, which is located downstream of phap in paracoccus denitrificans, codes for a negative regulator involved in phap expression. in this study, dnase i footprinting revealed that phar specifically binds to two regions located upstream of phap and phar, suggesting that phar plays a role in the regulation of phap expression as well as a ... | 2002 | 12081972 |
| identification and genomic organization of gene loci negatively controlled by the virulence regulatory bvgas two-component system in bordetella bronchiseptica. | the two-component system bvgas positively controls transcription of the virulence genes of bordetella pertussis and b. bronchiseptica, which include several genes for toxins and adhesins. on the other hand, the bvgas system negatively controls the expression of a poorly characterized set of genes, the so-called virulence repressed ( vrg) genes. to investigate the function of this group of genes and their relationship to virulence, we identified several novel vrg genes of b. bronchiseptica via th ... | 2002 | 12111560 |
| low-volume jet injection for intradermal immunization in rabbits. | this study tested a low-volume (20-30 microl/20-30 microg dna) jet injection method for intradermal delivery of a dna vaccine. jet injection offers the advantages of a needle-less system, low-cost, rapid preparation of the injected dna solution, and a simple delivery system. more than one construct can be injected simultaneously and the method may be combined with adjuvants. | 2002 | 12028591 |
| distribution of fim3 and flaa ttge sequence types amongst isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica from different host animals. | isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica associated with different animal hosts were analysed by fim3 and flaa genotyping by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (ttge). all the isolates from cats (n = 138), dogs (n = 42) and pigs (n = 13) could be assigned to one of two fim3 and one of three flaa ttge sequence types, respectively. two avian isolates and a marmoset isolate exhibited novel fim3 sequence types. dominant but different ttge sequence types were apparent in isolates from dog ... | 2002 | 12132771 |
| bordetella interspecies allelic variation in alcr inducer requirements: identification of a critical determinant of alcr inducer responsiveness and construction of an alcr(con) mutant allele. | previous studies established the critical roles of alcr and alcaligin inducer in positive regulation of alcaligin siderophore biosynthesis and transport genes in bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. transcriptional analyses using plasmid-borne alcr genes of b. pertussis ut25 and b. bronchiseptica b013n to complement the alcr defect of b. bronchiseptica strain brm13 (delta alcr1 alca::mini-tn5 lacz1) revealed interspecies differences in alcr inducer requirements for activation of a ... | 2002 | 11872703 |
| relaxed acyl chain specificity of bordetella udp-n-acetylglucosamine acyltransferases. | lipid a (endotoxin) is a major structural component of gram-negative outer membranes. it also serves as the hydrophobic anchor of lipopolysaccharide and is a potent activator of the innate immune response. lipid a molecules from the genus bordetella are reported to exhibit unusual structural asymmetry with respect to the acyl chains at the 3- and 3'-positions. these acyl chains are attached by udp-n-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase (lpxa). to determine the origin of the acyl variability, the si ... | 2002 | 11889134 |
| comparative efficacy of an injectable vaccine and an intranasal vaccine in stimulating bordetella bronchiseptica-reactive antibody responses in seropositive dogs. | to compare antibody responses to intranasal and sc bordetella bronchiseptica vaccines in seropositive dogs. | 2002 | 12680446 |