Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| an oligonucleotide probe derived from kdna minirepeats is specific for leishmania (viannia). | sequence analysis of leishmania (viannia) kdna minicircles and analysis of multiple sequence alignments of the conserved region (minirepeats) of five distinct minicircles from l. (v.) braziliensis species with corresponding sequences derived from other dermotropic leishmanias indicated the presence of a sub-genus specific sequence. an oligonucleotide bearing this sequence was designed and used as a molecular probe, being able to recognize solely the sub-genus viannia species in hybridization exp ... | 1996 | 9040846 |
| the inflammatory response promotes cutaneous metastasis in hamsters infected with leishmania (viannia) panamensis. | the influence of nonspecific and immunologically elicited inflammatory responses on the development of metastatic lesions was examined in the hamster model of leishmania (viannia) panamensis infection. delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) responses were induced using the contact sensitizing agent dnfb (2, 4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene) and infection with l. panamensis followed by intradermal application of leishmanin. nonspecific inflammatory response was achieved by the surgical excision of toes. th ... | 1996 | 8636852 |
| plants used in the treatment of leishmanial ulcers due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in an endemic area of bahia, brazil. | this paper records the plants used in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (l(v)b) among the rural population of a cocoa-producing coastal area of bahia state, brazil. an enquiry conducted among a hundred patients identified 49 plants species used to treat skin ulceration caused by this leishmania species. the principal plants used are caju-branco (anacardium occidentale, anacardiaceae), used by 65% of the population, folha-fogo (clidemia hirta,melast ... | 1996 | 8701041 |
| delayed skin healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis after clinical cure of mucosal surfaces. | 1996 | 8701051 | |
| genetic similarity among central and south american populations of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | four populations of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis from central america, colombia, peru and brazil were analyzed and compared for up to 20 enzyme loci. each of the 180 isolates could be identified as l. braziliensis using combined data from glucose phosphate isomerase and mannose phosphate isomerase. when the most common enzyme band was present at a frequency of < or = 0.95, the populations were polymorphic (more than a single allomorph for an enzyme) for more than 50% of the loci. included w ... | 1996 | 8702013 |
| appraisal of various random amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction primers for leishmania identification. | pathogenic leishmania can cause a variety of symptoms ranging from asymptomatic or mild infections to severe mucocutaneous disease, partly according to the species of leishmania involved. genomic and kinetoplast-derived dna probes as well as species complex-specific kinetoplast-derived polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers have been successful for parasite identification in epidemiologic and taxonomic studies. however, the lack of a species dna probe or pcr primer set, their relatively poor av ... | 1996 | 8702030 |
| [evaluation of direct agglutination tests in the detection of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in possible reservoirs of cutaneous american leishmaniasis in the state of ceará]. | in order to evaluate the aplicability of the direct agglutination test (dat) as a method of detection of the natural canine infection for leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, it was realized a study involving the serum of naive dogs from serra de baturite, ceara state, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and others from curitiba, parana state, a non endemic area. the results indicate the possibility of using this sorologic test to the epidemiologic research of the infection in the reservoi ... | 1996 | 8713609 |
| [aminosidine in the treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis]. | 1996 | 8713613 | |
| leishmania (viannia) panamensis-induced cutaneous leishmaniasis in susceptible and resistant mouse strains. | we studied the susceptibility to leishmania (viannia) panamensis in strains of mice. the c57bl/6 strain was resistant and showed self-controlled lesion at the injected foot pad. the balb/c and dba/2j strains were susceptible and showed a foot swelling that started day 20 post-infection and progressed to a tumour-like lesion in later period of observation. the cba/hj strain was found to be of intermediary resistance. in contrast to other known cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice, the lesion in l. (v. ... | 1995 | 8731258 |
| [an evolutionary study of mucosal leishmaniasis (a 7- to 17-year follow-up) due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in tres braços, bahia]. | seventy seven (68%) patients with mucosal leishmaniasis recorded during the period 1976-1986 in the region of três braços, bahia were traced and re-evaluated clinically, diagnostically and therapeutically. sixty-five patients were alive. the families of 12 dead patients were interviewed about probable cause of death. the 65 patients had a fresh clinical examination supplemented when necessary by a skilled ent examination. all had a titre of circulating immunofluorescent antibodies estimated at t ... | 1995 | 8668831 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis of humans due to leishmania (viannia) naiffi outside brazil. | 1995 | 8560512 | |
| new world tegumentar leishmaniasis: chemotherapeutic activity of rifampicin in humans and experimental murine model. | daily doses of 0.5 mg of rifampicin given intraperitoneally to mice after a challenge dose of 104 amastigotes of l. amazonensis led to a significant reduction of the size of local lesions. on the other hand, daily doses of 20 mg/kg to children or 1200 mg to adult patients infected with l. braziliensis did not bring any sign of improvement after 30 days of treatment. our results formally contradict rifampicin as an alternative drug in leishmania braziliensis infections. | 1995 | 8570267 |
| intergenic region typing (irt): a rapid molecular approach to the characterization and evolution of leishmania. | in the new world, leishmania of the viannia subgenus cause both cutaneous and mucocutaneous disease. these parasites show considerable intra-species genetic diversity and variation, which complicates taxonomic classification and epidemiology. we have used the variability of the transcribed noncoding regions between the small and large subunit rrna genes to examine relationships in this group. in a method termed intergenic region typing (irt), pcr amplification products were obtained for the rapi ... | 1995 | 8577322 |
| leishmania braziliensis: isolation of carbohydrate-containing antigen and possibility of its use in the immunodiagnosis of american cutaneous leishmaniasis. | leishmania braziliensis is a causative agent of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl). the 034-jcg strain, isolated from a patient from the northern region of paraná state, brazil, was cultivated in blood agar base medium, lyophilized and submitted to phenol-water extraction. the extract was treated with rnase i. the carbohydrate containing-antigen (ag-cho) was immunogenic to rabbits and showed at least a fraction with some negative charge at ph 8.2. this antigen showed cross-reactivity with th ... | 1995 | 8525271 |
| [leishmania braziliensis: isolation from lesions by inoculation of hamsters with and without addition of salivary gland lysate from lutzomyia youngi]. | homogenized biopsy tissue from the cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions of 50 patients from trujillo, venezuela, were inoculated subcutaneously into the tarsi of male hamsters. homogenized tissue either alone or mixed with salivary gland lysates of lutzomyia youngi were used for inoculation. homogenized tissue alone yielded 58.5% of infections with a mean of twelve weeks for prepatency, while those mixed with sandfly lysate resulted in 92% of infections with a mean prepatency of three weeks. | 1995 | 8525308 |
| visceral leishmaniasis due to a leishmania variant that shares kinetoplast dna sequences with leishmania braziliensis and leishmania mexicana in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus: identification of the leishmania species with use of the polymerase chain reaction. | 1995 | 8527582 | |
| putative leishmania hybrids in the eastern andean valley of huanuco, peru. | during an outbreak of tegumentary leishmaniasis that developed in the 1990s in the eastern andean valley of huanuco, peru, the coexistence of andean (uta) and sylvatic leishmaniases was suspected for ecological and geographical reasons, and sympatric sampling was carried out. seven human isolates of leishmania were characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, random amplification of polymorphic dna and molecular karyotyping. the three methods identified 3 isolates as l. braziliensis, and ... | 1995 | 8533665 |
| the development of species of leishmania ross, 1903 in lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912). | the development of four isolates of leishmania from foci of american cutaneous leishmaniasis was studied in lutzomyia longipalpis. the suggestion that the differences in the development of the leishmania in the invertebrate host are of great taxonomic significance was confirmed. the pattern of development of three strains was typical of parasites of the subgenus leishmania, the other was similar to leishmania of the subgenus viannia. the identification of the strains using other criteria is in a ... | 1995 | 8544741 |
| from population to genome: ecogenetics of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and l. (v.) peruviana. | the size polymorphism of nine chromosomes, recognized by specific probes, was analysed in populations of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and l. (v.) peruviana from various peruvian biogeographical units. interpretation of the polymorphism, by statistical and phenetic methods, led to the identification of five consensus (alpha- and beta-tubulin) and four variable chromosomes. the dynamics of the variable chromosomes were studied. the promoter role of the environment on their polymorphism was in ... | 1995 | 8745927 |
| peritrophic envelopes of lutzomyia spinicrassa (diptera: psychodidae). | the secretion, morphology, and chemical composition of the peritrophic envelope were studied in the phlebotomine sand fly, lutzomyia spinicrassa morales, osornomesa, osorno & hoyos, a suspected vector of leishmania braziliensis in colombia and venezuela. viewed under light microscopy, the envelope matured rapidly and could be dissected from the blood bolus as early as 12 h and until 36 h after feeding; subsequently it began to degrade. the envelope was initially a closed sac around the blood mea ... | 1995 | 7473627 |
| [epidemiologic study on tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipality of corguinho, mato grosso do sul -- studies in the human population]. | a study on the resident population of 150 inhabitants of boa sorte in the municipality of corguinho, mato grosso do sul state, brazil was made, from march 1991 to march 1994, to establish the prevalence of south american cutaneous leishmaniasis (sacl), and to characterize the affected population, in an area of recent transmission. twelve of the inhabitants showed lesions suspected to be sacl, and in 8 cases it was possible to confirm this by biopsy and parasitology. the mucosal form was found in ... | 1995 | 7480911 |
| human genetic susceptibility and infection with leishmania peruviana. | racial differences, familial clustering, and murine studies are suggestive of host genetic control of leishmania infections. complex segregation analysis has been carried out by use of the programs pointer and comds and data from a total population survey, comprising 636 nuclear families, from an l. peruviana endemic area. the data support genetic components controlling susceptibility to clinical leishmaniasis, influencing severity of disease and resistance to disease among healthy individuals. ... | 1995 | 7485168 |
| bubonic leishmaniasis: a common manifestation of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis infection in ceara, brazil. | enlarged regional lymph nodes have been reported to accompany the cutaneous lesions of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (= l. braziliensis). a survey in ceara state, brazil indicated that 77% of persons (456 of 595) with parasitologically confirmed cutaneous leishmaniasis reported lymphadenopathy in addition to skin lesions. a group of 169 persons with recently diagnosed leishmaniasis and lymph nodes measuring > or = 2 cm in diameter (mean = 3.6 cm, maximum = 10.5 cm) underwent detailed clinica ... | 1995 | 7485690 |
| phlebotomine sandflies associated with a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in valle del cauca, colombia. | a survey was made of the phlebotomine sandfly fauna of la guaira, a village with coffee plantations near cali, colombia, from which cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis had been reported due to leishmania (viannia) panamensis and le. (v.) braziliensis. among six species of sandfly collected on human bait, lutzomyia youngi was most important in terms of biting nuisance. lu.columbiana, lu.lichyi and lu.scorzai as well as lu.youngi adults occurred throughout the year. sandfly man-biting activi ... | 1995 | 7548944 |
| immune responses of leishmaniasis patients to heat shock proteins of leishmania species and humans. | the course of human infection with leishmania braziliensis is variable, ranging from self-healing infection to chronic disease. it is therefore a useful system in which to study immunoregulatory aspects of leishmaniasis, including the effects of parasite antigens on host responses. in the present study, we report on the cloning of, expression of, and comparative analyses of patient immune response to two different l. braziliensis genes homologous to the genes for the eukaryotic 83- and 70-kda he ... | 1995 | 7558326 |
| plasticity of gp63 gene organization in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (viannia) peruviana. | the genomic organization of gp63 genes in 4 and 7 isolates of leishmania braziliensis and l. peruviana, respectively was studied by rflp analysis with 3 restriction enzymes (bgl i, sal i and apa i). our results showed a marked polymorphism among isolates. some characters were specific to l. braziliensis or to l. peruviana, and others specific to the respective biogeographical populations of l. peruviana. the average minimum copy number of gp63 genes was found to be higher in l. braziliensis (71) ... | 1995 | 7567095 |
| french guiana must be recognized as an endemic area of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in south america. | 1995 | 7570865 | |
| transforming growth factor-beta in human cutaneous leishmaniasis. | transforming growth factor (tgf)-beta has several downregulatory functions on the immune system: inhibition of interleukin-2 receptor induction, decrease of interferon-gamma-induced class ii antigen expression, inhibition of macrophage activation, as well as cytotoxic and lymphokine-activated killer cell generation. tgf-beta has also been recognized as an important immunoregulator in murine leishmaniasis, for which it increases susceptibility to disease. in the present study we evaluate the invo ... | 1995 | 7573370 |
| lymphadenopathy as the first sign of human cutaneous infection by leishmania braziliensis. | this paper describes the presence of transitory lymphadenopathy as an initial sign of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and sometimes the only manifestation of leishmania braziliensis infection. ten patients with lymphadenopathy living in an area of l. braziliensis transmission had leishmania cultivated from their lymph nodes previous to any other manifestation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. seven of the 10 developed leishmanial ulcers later in the course of infection, whereas lymphadenopathy regressed in t ... | 1995 | 7573708 |
| characterization of the immune response in subjects with self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis. | in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in areas of leishmania braziliensis transmission, ulcers may heal without therapy. in the present study, we evaluated the t cell responses of 10 subjects who two years earlier had a rapidly (less than three months) self-healing cutaneous disease. the immunologic responses of these cases were determined by intradermal skin test, measurements of antibodies, lymphocyte proliferative responses, and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) production in cultures stimulate ... | 1995 | 7573712 |
| intracellular localization of lrv1 in infected leishmania cells and epitope conservation of the coat protein. | polyclonal antibodies were raised against a recombinant fragment of the coat protein of lrv1-1 to determine the epitope conservation of the coat protein among lrv1 isolates, and the intracellular localization of lrv1 particles in promastigote cells of leishmania braziliensis. western blot analysis showed that specific epitopes of the coat protein are highly conserved among isolates from different geographic areas. using indirect immunofluorescence assays lrv1 viral particles were observed as flu ... | 1995 | 7581331 |
| the sensitivity of leishmania species to aminosidine. | the aminoglycoside, aminosidine exhibited ed50s of between 1 and 5 microm against the amastigotes of leishmania major and leishmania tropica in mouse peritoneal macrophages whereas other strains causing new world cutaneous leishmaniasis such as leishmania braziliensis were more refractory. aminosidine was also active against all but one of the leishmania donovani strains tested and when combined with sodium stibogluconate, the drug showed marked potentiation against the amastigotes of l. donovan ... | 1995 | 7592170 |
| polymorphism in tumor necrosis factor genes associated with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. | recent studies have shown that mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (mcl), a severe and debilitating form of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) caused by leishmania braziliensis infection, is accompanied by high circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha. analysis of tnf polymorphisms in venezuelan acl patients and endemic unaffected controls demonstrates a high relative risk (rr) of 7.5 (p < 0.001) of mcl disease in homozygotes for allele 2 of a polymorphism in intron 2 of the tnf-beta ... | 1995 | 7595196 |
| small extrachromosomal nucleic acid segments in protozoan parasites. | viruses have been described in the following protozoa: babesia spp., trichomonas vaginalis, giardia lamblia, leishmania braziliensis and eimeria spp. in order to study the babesia bovis virus, merozoites have been prepared from the blood of infected cattle. agarose gel electrophoresis of nucleic extracts from the bovine protozoa b. bovis and babesia bigemina were separated into genomic dna and at least two additional nucleic acids. one molecule with a relative mobility of 5.5 kilobase pairs (kbp ... | 1995 | 7597793 |
| case in point. cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 1995 | 7601889 | |
| the rflp analysis of the beta-tubulin gene region in new world leishmania. | we have examined the similarities and differences in the organization of tubulin genes in new world leishmania by restriction endonuclease digestion of genomic dna and southern blot analysis, using heterologous and homologous tubulin gene probes. as judged by the hybridization pattern and the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), there were large differences in both the restriction and hybridization patterns of the beta-tubulin sequences between stocks of the mexicana and braziliensis ... | 1995 | 7609983 |
| phylogenetic analysis of leishmania rna virus and leishmania suggests ancient virus-parasite association. | some strains of the protozoan parasite leishmania belonging to the new world species guyanensis and braziliensis are infected with persistent, single-segmented, non-enveloped dsrna viruses termed lrv1. a single old world strain classified as l. major was recently found to harbor a similar virus, designated lrv2-1. the genomic nucleotide sequences of two lrv1 types (1-1 and 1-4) isolated from two l. guyanensis strains have been determined and found to be highly conserved. in contrast, lrv1-specif ... | 1995 | 7610059 |
| comparison of new and old world leishmanins in an endemic region of brazil. | the control of leishmaniasis depends on a knowledge of the magnitude of the disease and of exposure to it. delayed-type hypersensitivity testing can detect prior exposure to the parasite, but there is little agreement regarding the choice of an antigen for such testing. new and old world leishmanins were tested in a study of patients with confirmed prior cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), patients with confirmed prior american visceral leishmaniasis (avl), and controls from areas in espírito santo, b ... | 1995 | 7620013 |
| glucantime susceptibility of leishmania promastigotes under variable growth conditions. | growth inhibition of leishmania promastigotes by glucantime was compared in three different media. glucantime inhibited the growth of leishmania cultured in complex medium but did not affect parasite growth when added to cells cultured in defined or semi-defined media. supplementation of the complex medium with biopterin partially reversed the glucantime effect in sensitive strains, although the addition of folic acid or oleic acid did not alter the activity of glucantime. differences in fatty a ... | 1995 | 7624285 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in the peruvian andes: an epidemiological study of infection and immunity. | a prospective longitudinal survey of cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmania peruviana) was carried out in peru on a study population of 4716 persons living in 38 villages (departments of lima, ancash and piura). demographic and clinical data were collected from all individuals, and a montenegro skin test (mst) was carried out on 72% (3418) of the study population. each household was revisited at 3-monthly intervals for up to 2 years to detect new leishmaniasis cases; 497 people received a second ms ... | 1995 | 7705493 |
| successful treatment of new world cutaneous leishmaniasis with a combination of topical paromomycin/methylbenzethonium chloride and injectable meglumine antimonate. | colombian patients with new world cutaneous leishmaniasis were treated with a combination of a topical formulation (15% paromomycin sulfate/5% methylbenzethonium chloride, twice a day) and parenteral meglumine antimonate (20 mg of antimony [sb]/kg.d]). cohort 1 received topical therapy for 10 days and sb for 7 days; 18 (90%) of the 20 patients were cured (follow-up, 12 months). other clinical data suggested that neither the topical formulation alone nor the 7-day regimen of sb alone would have c ... | 1995 | 7727669 |
| visceral leishmaniasis with cutaneous and rectal dissemination due to leishmania braziliensis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1995 | 7737768 | |
| concomitant cutaneous leishmaniasis and leprosy in venezuela. | 1995 | 7747312 | |
| leishmania (viannia) braziliensis: genetic relationships between strains isolated from different areas of brazil as revealed by dna fingerprinting and rapd. | leishmania (viannia) braziliensis isolates from two different geographic areas in brazil were studied by dna fingerprinting with the 33.15 multilocal probe and pcr with arbitrary primers (random amplification of polymorphic dna-rapd). the genetic distance of strains was measured by band sharing. the results showed that the strains isolated in minas gerais, southeastern brazil, are very different from those isolated in pará, northern brazil. strains from minas gerais constituted a relatively homo ... | 1995 | 7758549 |
| genotypic polymorphisms in experimental metastatic dermal leishmaniasis. | molecular karyotype and kdna restriction analyses were utilized to examine the genetic heterogeneity and plasticity of the leishmania (viannia) guyanensis strain whi/br/78/m5313, composed of metastatic and non-metastatic populations. cloning revealed that the strain was constituted by multiple closely related populations that were distinguishable by restriction fragment polymorphisms in kdna. size polymorphisms in molecular karyotype were not detected. passage of clones in hamsters and recovery ... | 1995 | 7770084 |
| leishmania (viannia) lainsoni occupies a unique niche within the subgenus viannia. | leishmania lainsoni has recently been recognized as a new peripylarian species belonging to the subgenus viannia and the l. braziliensis complex. it has been isolated from its sandfly vector, reservoir host and cutaneous lesions of human patients. microscopical examination has shown characteristics which are different from those of other members of the l. braziliensis complex. nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) hybridization patterns with a beta tubulin probe and kinetoplast dna buoyant density ... | 1995 | 7778160 |
| a recombinant leishmania antigen that stimulates human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to express a th1-type cytokine profile and to produce interleukin 12. | leishmania braziliensis causes cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in humans. most patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis heal spontaneously and may therefore have developed protective immunity. there appears to be a mixed cytokine profile associated with active cutaneous or mucosal disease, and a dominant t helper (th)1-type response associated with healing. leishmanial antigens that elicit these potent proliferative and cytokine responses from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) are now b ... | 1995 | 7699334 |
| [non-healing tropical ulcers]. | 1995 | 7700401 | |
| karyotype plasticity in neotropical leishmania: an index for measuring genomic distance among l. (v.) peruviana and l. (v.) braziliensis populations. | a method for phenetic analysis of karyotype data has been developed for leishmania populations. measurement of size difference between chromosomes recognized by a given dna probe in different isolates led to the formulation of a chromosome size difference index (csdi). the method was applied to phenetic analysis of 4 sets of chromosomes--each set being recognized by a different probe--in 37 l. (viannia) peruviana isolates sampled along a north-south transect through the peruvian andes and, in 11 ... | 1995 | 7845708 |
| leishmaniasis disseminated by leishmania braziliensis in a mare (equus cabalus) immunotherapy and chemotherapy assays. | cutaneous disseminated lesions caused by leishmania sp. were found in a pregnant mare (equus cabalus) from a rural city in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. before delivering, treatment was undertaken by immunotherapy followed by chemotherapy. histopatology and serology were performed during treatment, as well as the biochemical characterization of the parasite (l. braziliensis) that was isolated from one of the lesions. | 1994 | 7885248 |
| aminosidine (paromomycin) versus sodium stibogluconate for the treatment of american cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the efficacy of aminosidine was compared with sodium stibogluconate in an open, randomized study of parasitologically-proven cutaneous leishmaniasis in belize. aminosidine, 14 mg/kg/d (max. 1 g daily) for 20 d, healed 10 of 17 lesions and sodium stibogluconate, 20 mg/kg/d for 20 d, healed 15 of 17 lesions. lesions caused by leishmania braziliensis were relatively unresponsive to aminosidine. aminosidine was well tolerated and toxicity was not observed. sodium stibogluconate was not well tolerate ... | 1994 | 7886779 |
| [histopathology of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (vianna) braziliensis]. | a histopathological study of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis was carried out on 28 cutaneous and 114 mucosal biopsies, taken from bolivian and peruvian patients. this study showed similar histopathological findings in cutaneous and mucosal lesions. the cutaneous biopsies showed a strong epidermal hyperplasia occasionnally budding in the dermis. in the ulcerative area, the epidermis was totally necrosed and replaced by a fibrino-leucocytic edge. in the dermis, ... | 1994 | 7702263 |
| cultivation of leishmania braziliensis in an economical serum-free medium containing human urine. | leishmania braziliensis cells are difficult to culture in vitro and usually require media supplemented with serum for sustained cell division. fresh, sterile urine is an inexpensive substitute for serum in the culture of 2 strains of l. braziliensis, 1 infected with leishmania rna virus 1, and 1 uninfected. in the presence of urine, both the infected and the uninfected strains grew to the same final cell density as the same strains grown in the presence of serum. one strain of leishmania major w ... | 1994 | 7799145 |
| a putative leishmania panamensis/leishmania braziliensis hybrid is a causative agent of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in nicaragua. | as part of a survey of human leishmaniasis in nicaragua we examined phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 40 leishmania isolates. we identified 3 distinct parasites associated with cutaneous disease in this area; leishmania panamensis (40% of cases), leishmania braziliensis (33%), and a strain which exhibits the heterozygous isoenzyme and dna fingerprinting patterns expected of a l. panamensis/l. braziliensis hybrid (27%). there was complete correlation between the isoenzyme and dna data f ... | 1994 | 7800411 |
| a clinico-pathological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in british troops from belize. | thirty-four cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis contracted by british soldiers in belize were studied. pre- and post-treatment biopsies were taken from all patients. the range of histological appearances is described and the value of histological examination (including giemsa staining and immunohistochemistry), cytological preparations and microbiological culture in diagnosis and clinical management assessed. histology and culture were found to be complementary techniques in reaching a positive dia ... | 1994 | 7533953 |
| size polymorphism of chromosomes bearing gp63 genes in leishmania of the braziliensis complex: indication of a rearrangement of the gp63 genes in l. braziliensis and l. peruviana. | 1994 | 7545964 | |
| the dermal leishmaniases of brazil, with special reference to the eco-epidemiology of the disease in amazonia. | six species of leishmania are at present known to cause cutaneous and/or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil, and they are all to be found in the amazon region of this country. the eco-epidemiology of each is discussed, with the observation that the amazonian leishmaniases are all zoonoses, with their source in silvatic mammals and phlebotomine sandfly vectors. with man's destruction of the natural forest in southern brazil, some sandfly species have survived by adapting to a peridomestic or d ... | 1994 | 7476229 |
| exploitation of parasite derived antigen in therapeutic success of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil. | in a complete study in 25 patients with american cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by leishmania braziliensis complex, immunotherapeutic efficacy of parasite derived antigen (94-67 kd) has been compared to antimonial therapy. additionally, to delineate the mechanism of therapeutic success, microscopical features of immune response in active lesions and healed or non-healed lesions following therapy were analyzed. the results showed that cure rates in immunotherapy and chemotherapy were equal (> 83 ... | 1994 | 7476236 |
| personal experience with diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of human leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in três braços. | diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of human infection with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis found in the littoral forest of the state of bahia are reviewed. there is pressing need for alternative cheap oral drug therapy. | 1994 | 7476237 |
| immunohistochemical analysis of the mucosal lesion in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. | using antibodies against surface antigens of inflammatory cells and against extra-cellular matrix components, immunocytochemical studies permit the investigation of the in situ cellular immune response and the associated fibrosis, in mucosal lesions. 57 paraffin embedded skin biopsies of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis originating from bolivia, and due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, were studied. memory t cells predominate within a non-organized granulomatous reaction, in which were observed ... | 1994 | 9235205 |
| presence of leishmania braziliensis in blood samples from cured patients or at different stages of immunotherapy. | by using a pcr assay specific for leishmania braziliensis in blood samples, we detected this parasite in patients cured by immunotherapy or at different stages of treatment. we also found the parasite in subjects who had never suffered leishmaniasis but who had lived in endemic areas and migrated to nonendemic ones many years ago. these results suggest that l. braziliensis infections are difficult to eradicate and that a clinical cure but rarely a complete elimination of the parasite is generall ... | 1994 | 8556473 |
| a general classification of new world leishmania using numerical zymotaxonomy. | more than 250 strains of leishmania isolated from different localities and hosts in the new world were analyzed by enzyme electrophoresis, and their electromorphic profiles were compared with 19 reference strains representing most of the described species of this parasite. the 18 enzymic loci analyzed were very polymorphic, and the strains were classified into 44 zymodemes, each grouping strains with the same enzyme profiles. each zymodeme was considered as an elementary taxon and the phenetic a ... | 1994 | 8147488 |
| vector competence of some neotropical sandflies for the leishmania (viannia) braziliensis complex. | to evaluate the vector competence of some lutzomyia spp. (diptera: psychodidae) for leishmania (viannia) spp. (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae), experimental infections of anthropophilic sandflies from the colombian pacific coast were performed, through membrane feeding and xenodiagnosis on hamsters infected with le. (v.)braziliensis or le. (v.)panamensis. wild-caught or f1 generation females of lutzomyia gomezi, lu. hartmanni, lu.panamensis and lu.trapidoi were allowed to feed on hamster lesio ... | 1994 | 8161835 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in tachira state, venezuela. | cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniases are widely spread in the mountainous andean regions of south america. in venezuela, these regions consist of the coffee-growing states of trujillo, merida and tachira. entomological and parasitological investigations in three geographically different climatic zones (lomas bajas, delicias and la grita) in tachira state have shown a predominance of the sandfly species lutzomyia spinicrassa (verrucarum group) and two leishmania species, leishmania mexicana ... | 1994 | 8192512 |
| human monocyte infection by leishmania (viannia) panamensis. role of complement receptors and correlation of susceptibility in vitro with clinical phenotype. | peripheral blood monocytes (pbms) from healthy individuals who had experienced distinctive clinical outcomes after natural infection with leishmania (viannia) were evaluated in vitro with respect to susceptibility to infection by stationary phase promastigotes of l. (v). panamensis. concomitantly, the role of complement receptors (cr) cr1 and cr3 in the attachment and entry of l. (v). panamensis into human monocytes was analyzed using mabs to cr1 (cd35) and cr3 (cd11b) to inhibit competitively t ... | 1994 | 8301130 |
| leishmania-reactive cd4+ and cd8+ t cells associated with cure of human cutaneous leishmaniasis. | fourteen patients suffering from american cutaneous leishmaniasis were studied. assays of the lymphocyte proliferative response induced in vitro by leishmania braziliensis antigens were performed. after 5 days in culture, l. braziliensis-stimulated blast t cells were harvested for cd4+ and cd8+ phenotype analysis. when results before and at the end of therapy were compared, leishmaniasis patients showed an increase in the percentage of cd8+ blast t cells and a decline in the proportion of cd4+ b ... | 1994 | 7910596 |
| chemical analysis of a putative sex pheromone from lutzomyia pessoai (diptera: psychodidae). | lutzomyia pessoai has been named as a probable vector of leishmania braziliensis in southern brazil. males of this species have recently been shown to have pheromone-disseminating structures on their abdomen. chemical analysis of extracts from the glands associated with these structures has revealed the presence of a possible sex pheromone. although this compound has been partially characterized as a monocyclic diterpene with the same molecular weight as the lu. longipalpis diterpene sex pheromo ... | 1994 | 7979628 |
| leishmania (viannia) lainsoni: first isolation in peru. | surveys were conducted from 1986 through 1992 to define the etiology and geographic distribution of human leishmaniasis in peru. lesion aspirates and skin biopsies were obtained from clinically diagnosed cases of leishmaniasis and tested for promastigotes by standard culture techniques. the isozyme profile of the isolates was determined by the cellulose acetate electrophoresis technique. data indicated that the isozyme profiles for leishmania isolates from six patients were similar to that of re ... | 1994 | 7985744 |
| coexistence of two species of leishmania in the digestive tract of the vector lutzomyia ovallesi. | leishmania isolated from the digestive tract of a naturally infected lutzomyia ovallesi sand fly were cultured in blood agar for rapid growth, cloning, and subsequent identification through schizodeme analysis, dot-blot hybridization, use of monoclonal antibodies with various specificities and absorbed polyclonal antibodies. twenty-three clones isolated from the primary culture were identified. the results showed that parasites belonging to some clones corresponded to the l. mexicana complex, wh ... | 1994 | 7985760 |
| isolation of bis-indole alkaloids with antileishmanial and antibacterial activities from peschiera van heurkii (syn. tabernaemontana van heurkii). | extracts from leaves and stem bark of peschiera van heurkii (muell. arg.) l. allorge (syn. tabernaemontana van heurkii muell. arg., apocynaceae) have been assayed for antileishmanial and antibacterial activities. the activities were concentrated in the alkaloid fractions which yielded 20 indole and bisindole alkaloids. the strongest leishmanicidal and antibacterial activities were observed with the dimeric alkaloids conodurine (1), n-demethylconodurine (= gabunine) (2), and conoduramine (3). wea ... | 1994 | 7997477 |
| cd23 and ige expression during the human immune response to cutaneous leishmaniasis: possible role in monocyte activation. | leishmania brasiliensis causes cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in humans. during this infection, a variety of inflammatory mediators are produced by t cells and monocytes/macrophages. in the present study, we analysed serum ige levels and their correlation with in situ expression of the low affinity receptor for ige (fc epsilon rii/cd23) in patients infected with l. brasiliensis before and following therapy. these analyses were compared to in situ expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alp ... | 1994 | 8008965 |
| efficacy of a short course (10 days) of high-dose meglumine antimonate with or without interferon-gamma in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis in guatemala. | sixty-six guatemalan men with parasitologically confirmed cutaneous leishmaniasis, due most commonly to leishmania braziliensis, were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatment regimens: meglumine antimonate (meglumine) for 20 days; meglumine for 10 days; and meglumine for 10 days plus alternate-day injections of interferon-gamma. in each group, meglumine was given intravenously as 20 mg of antimony/(kg of body weight.d). all treatment regimens were associated with similar response rate ... | 1994 | 8011819 |
| clinical and immunopathological aspects of disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the clinico-pathological and immunological findings in eight patients from bahia, brazil with disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis are described. this condition differs from anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (dcl) and from classical american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl). the number of lesions in these patients ranged from 75 to 800 and were characterized by papules and an acneiform type of lesion with a few ulcers rather than nodules that are the main characteristic of dcl. on the other h ... | 1994 | 8023755 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in ceara state in northeastern brazil: incrimination of lutzomyia whitmani (diptera: psychodidae) as a vector of leishmania braziliensis in baturite municipality. | baturite is an important endemic zone of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of ceara, where an entomologic survey has been carried out to obtain information about transmission of the disease. from october 1989 through august 1991, natural infections with flagellates were detected in 34 of 3,000 lutzomyia whitmani, five of 1,667 lu. migonei, three of 5,278 lu. wellcomei, one of 646 lu. shannoni, and one of 21 lu. evandroi. thirty-five infections were peripylarian (i.e., behind the pylo ... | 1994 | 8024061 |
| american cutaneous leishmaniasis: in situ characterization of the cellular immune response with time. | the cellular nature of the infiltrate in the skin of patients with american cutaneous leishmaniasis was characterized by immunohistochemistry. the study population consisted of patients in ceara, brazil, an area where leishmania braziliensis is endemic. biopsies were taken from lesions present for 0.5-4 months duration and sections were stained with antibodies to t cells, t cell subsets, b cells, and macrophage markers to quantitate these cell types. the t cells accounted for 37.0 +/- 7.6% (mean ... | 1994 | 8024068 |
| natural leishmania infection of lutzomyia spp. in peru. | natural infection of lutzomyia spp. with leishmania was studied with the aid of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in chaute, lima, perú, a locality endemic for andean cutaneous leishmaniasis (uta). the pcr, with primers specific for the l. braziliensis complex, was applied to sandfly pools. sandflies were sampled from april 1990 to may 1991 with cdc light traps in homes, and from near homes with a shannon trap using protected human bait. lu. verrucarum (4 pools) and lu. peruenis (2 pools) from ... | 1994 | 8036658 |
| eustachian tube blockage with consequent middle ear infection in mucosal leishmaniasis. | 1994 | 8073152 | |
| mucosal leishmaniasis due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis l(v)b in três braços, bahia-brazil. | brazilian mucosal leishmaniasis is briefly reviewed, emphasis being given to recent advances clinical management. patients continue to occupy much hospital bed space and in some cases are notoriously difficult to treat. indefinite follow up is recommended. many aspects of the aetiology remain mysterious although leishmania (viannia) braziliensis is the most common organism isolated. perspectives for a more effective treatment, oral and cheap, are still remote. | 1994 | 8073158 |
| [the therapy of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis]. | 1994 | 8076505 | |
| does lipophosphoglycan enhance the t cell-stimulatory activity of lipophosphoglycan-associated proteins? | peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from 13 american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) patients and two healthy controls were tested in in vitro proliferative response assays with crude lipophosphoglycan (lpg), purified lpg, lpg-associated proteins (lpgap) and synthetic lpgap from l. donovani. cells from another group of six atl patients were similarly tested with lpgap obtained from l. major. l. major lpgap was more stimulatory than l. donovani lpgap. crude lpg from l. donovani was signific ... | 1994 | 8081281 |
| diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis and species discrimination of parasites by pcr and hybridization. | the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of pcr methodology in establishing the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients from areas of endemicity in venezuela. biopsies from 233 patients with cutaneous ulcers suggestive of leishmaniasis were analyzed by pcr, employing oligonucleotides directed against conserved regions of kinetoplast dna (kdna), and the pcr products were then hybridized to nonradioactively labeled, species-specific, cloned kdna fragments. the ability of pcr to de ... | 1994 | 7814554 |
| vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in north-central venezuela. | an entomological survey was undertaken from january 1991 to february 1992 in el ingenio, miranda state, venezuela, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis: prevalence of 10.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. a total of 4863 female sandflies (phlebotominae) of fourteen species were collected in shannon traps, then dissected and examined for leishmanial infections. lutzomyia ovallesi (85.4%) and lu. gomezi (11.2%) were the predominant anthropophilic species of sandfly. fifty-one (1.19%) lu.ovalle ... | 1994 | 7841486 |
| the identity of leishmania isolated from sand flies and vertebrate hosts in a major focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in baturite, northeastern brazil. | during a field investigation carried out in baturite, brazil from 1989 to 1991, sand flies, sympatric rodents, domestic dogs and humans were surveyed for leishmaniasis. twenty strains of leishmania were isolated by in vitro culture from lutzomyia whitmani, three strains were obtained from rattus rattus, two strains from dogs, and five strains from humans. the isolates were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis by hybridization with kinetoplast dna-specific probes. all the samples were ident ... | 1994 | 8116807 |
| antileishmanial activity of a tetralone isolated from ampelocera edentula, a bolivian plant used as a treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the stem bark of ampelocera edentula kuhlm. (ulmaceae) is used by the chimanes indians from bolivia for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by the protozoan leishmania braziliensis. a chloroform extract of the stem barks was found to be active against extracellular forms of leishmania ssp. and trypanosoma cruzi at 50 micrograms/ml. bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract allowed us to isolate one active compound. its structure was elucidated by spectral and chemical studies as ... | 1994 | 8134421 |
| binding of c-reactive protein to leishmania. | 1994 | 8206251 | |
| outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the rio doce valley, minas gerais, brazil. | 1994 | 8524056 | |
| leishmania braziliensis promastigotes and amastigotes interact differently with host macrophages. | in vitro and in vivo ultrastructral studies reveal that the parasite entrance into the macrophage occurs by phagocytosis. the early stage of phagocytosis exhibited different ultrastructural characteristics in both forms of the parasite. long and prominent projections from peritoneal exudate macrophages made focal contacts with the promastigote surface. the amastigotes, in turn, laid on cup-shaped extensions of the macrophage membrane. later stages of the phagocytosis are characterized by progres ... | 1993 | 10691341 |
| [canine leishmaniasis in paraná state, southern brazil]. | 1993 | 8209172 | |
| leishmania (viannia) panamensis-induced cutaneous leishmaniasis in balb/c mice: pathology. | leishmania (viannia) panamensis infected balb/c mice developed a progressive swelling in the injected footpad that grew to a tumour-like lesion from day 80 onwards. we did not observe any typical ulcera, necrosis or metastasis to other parts of the skin. neither did we observe any histopathological changes in liver or spleen during the experiment. at the site of injection, we observed progressive changes ranging from a moderate, mixed inflammatory infiltrate with few leishmania amastigotes in th ... | 1993 | 8217783 |
| metacyclogenesis of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in vitro: evidence that lentil lectin is a marker of complement resistance and enhanced infectivity. | axenic culture in modified grace's medium was used to induce metacyclogenesis of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in vitro. morphological characteristics, lectin agglutination profiles, susceptibility to complement lysis, and infectivity in vivo were compared between metacyclic promastigotes and promastigotes in mid-log phase growth. short, arrow-like promastigotes and round, oval promastigotes were defined as putative metacyclic forms on the basis of being highly motile and free swimming, with ... | 1993 | 8236409 |
| antigenic analysis of leishmania isolates from tachira state, venezuela. | studies of cutaneous leishmaniasis in 3 endemic foci in tachira state, western venezuela have revealed sympatric populations of parasites causing both cutaneous and mucocutaneous disease. immunological techniques and measurement of protease/acid phosphatase activities have been used to detect species-specific parasite antigens from 3 isolates from tachira. identified antigens of particular interest had molecular masses of 100, 82, 66, 50 and 27 kda, but there was a high degree of heterogeneity b ... | 1993 | 8249092 |
| molecular karyotype variation in leishmania (viannia) peruviana: indication of geographical populations in peru distributed along a north-south cline. | forty-one leishmania peruviana isolates were selected along a north-south transect which crossed areas endemic for uta in three different biogeographical regions in the peruvian andes. the isolates were analysed by molecular karyotyping and hybridization with three chromosome-derived dna probes. all the isolates could be distinguished from l. braziliensis by their plb-134 hybridization patterns. however, the patterns with the other probes (plb-168 and -22) could be used to cluster the peruvian i ... | 1993 | 8250624 |
| heterogeneity of cysteine proteinases in leishmania braziliensis and leishmania major. | sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) with acrylamide copolymerized with gelatin (substrate-sds-page) was used to compare promastigote proteinases from two leishmania species (l. braziliensis and l. major-like). substrate-sds-page resolved at least 6 distinct proteinase activities with relative molecular masses between 20 and 65 kda. the profile of proteinase activity was the same for both species, although qualitative differences were observed. l. major-like expre ... | 1993 | 8257917 |
| antimonial treatment of hamsters infected with leishmania (viannia) panamensis: assessment of parasitological cure with different therapeutic schedules. | the objective of the study was to establish the effective dose and route of administration of glucantime for treating hamsters infected with leishmania (viannia) panamensis and to use this method to test new treatment regimens to attain clinical and parasitological cure. in the first experiments animals were inoculated subcutaneously in the hind foot with 5 x 10(6) promastigotes of l. panamensis (hom/col/84/1099) from a 6 d culture. one month after inoculation, glucantime was administered intram ... | 1993 | 8266413 |
| leishmaniasis recidiva cutis in american cutaneous leishmaniasis. | leishmaniasis recidiva cutis (lrc) consists of active lesions around or inside the scar of classical cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). in the literature it is considered as an hyperergic form of cl because the patients show a strong response to intradermal testing with leishmania antigen and, histologically, the parasites are scarce or absent; a well-organized granuloma is always observed. | 1993 | 8270337 |
| hyperbaric hyperoxia enhances the lethal effects of amphotericin b in leishmania braziliensis panamensis. | leishmania braziliensis panamensis promastigotes were exposed in vitro to amphotericin b (amb), menadione, or phenazine methosulfate under normoxic conditions. promastigotes were also exposed to hyperoxia alone (100% o2 at total pressures of 101.3 or 253.3 kpa), or combined with drugs. after incubation for 24 h at 27 degrees c, viable promastigotes were stained with fluorescein diacetate and counted using epifluorescence microscopy. hyperbaric hyperoxia alone (po2 = 229.3 kpa) was as effective a ... | 1993 | 8286986 |
| leishmania braziliensis causing visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection, identified with the aid of the polymerase chain reaction. | this study describes a male patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection, grade iv-c (oropharyngeal moniliasis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia), associated with visceral involvement produced by leishmania braziliensis which was identified by deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization after the polymerase chain reaction had been performed. the patient was treated with molgramostim in association with meglumine antimonate to enhance macrophage destruction of parasites. | 1993 | 8296358 |
| development of colombian isolates of leishmania (viannia) panamensis, le. (v.) guyanensis and le. (v.) braziliensis in the sandfly lutzomyia intermedia (lutz & neiva, 1912) under experimental conditions. | the development of colombian leishmania species of the subgenus viannia in lutzomyia intermedia was similar to that observed with brazilian le. (v.) braziliensis: colonization of the pylorus by paramastigotes; promastigotes in the midgut and massive infection of stomodeal valve. difference was observed in the number of paramastigotes colonizing the pylorus, which was smaller in colombian leishmania species than brazilian le. braziliensis. | 1993 | 8139462 |
| human cutaneous leishmaniasis due to a new enzymatic variant of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis occurring in pernambuco, brazil. | 1993 | 8139470 | |
| delayed hypersensitivity skin-test using leishvacin for epidemiological survey of canine cutaneous leishmaniasis in a rural area of minas gerais state, brazil. | 1993 | 8139471 |