Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| quantitative analysis of transcript accumulation from genes duplicated by polyploidy using cdna-sscp. | repeated rounds of polyploidy have been commonplace in the lineages leading to modern eukaryotic genomes, giving rise to widespread gene duplication. genes duplicated by polyploidy, or "homoeologs," may continue to be expressed at equal levels following polyploidization or their expression may be dramatically altered. in this report, we describe how sscp analysis of rt-pcr products can be used to evaluate the expression status (presence and relative quantity) of highly similar homoelogous gene p ... | 2003 | 12703297 |
| genes duplicated by polyploidy show unequal contributions to the transcriptome and organ-specific reciprocal silencing. | most eukaryotes have genomes that exhibit high levels of gene redundancy, much of which seems to have arisen from one or more cycles of genome doubling. polyploidy has been particularly prominent during flowering plant evolution, yielding duplicated genes (homoeologs) whose expression may be retained or lost either as an immediate consequence of polyploidization or on an evolutionary timescale. expression of 40 homoeologous gene pairs was assayed by cdna-single-stranded conformation polymorphism ... | 2003 | 12665616 |
| estimate of alabama argillacea (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) development with nonlinear models. | the objective of this work was to evaluate which nonlinear model [davidson (1942, 1944), stinner et al. (1974), sharpe & demichele (1977), and lactin et al. (1995)] best describes the relationship between developmental rates of the different instars and stages of alabama argillacea (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), and temperature. a. argillacea larvae were fed with cotton leaves (gossypium hirsutum l., race latifolium hutch., cultivar cnpa 7h) at constant temperatures of 20, 23, 25, 28, 30, 33 ... | 2003 | 15029370 |
| high-frequency somatic embryo production and maturation into normal plants in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) through metabolic stress. | a highly efficient somatic embryo production and maturation procedure has been developed to regenerate plantlets from cotton ( gossypium hirsutum). this procedure involves the acceleration of differentiation through manipulations of nutrient and microenvironment conditions. embryogenic calli, initiated from hypocotyls or cotyledonary leaf sections on ms medium containing 0.1 mg/l 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.5 mg/l kinetin, and 3% maltose produced globular-stage somatic embryos when transfe ... | 2003 | 12789412 |
| the crystal structure of annexin gh1 from gossypium hirsutum reveals an unusual s3 cluster. | the three-dimensional crystal structure of recombinant annexin gh1 from gossypium hirsutum (cotton fibre) has been determined and refined to the final r-factor of 0.219 at the resolution of 2.1 a. this plant annexin consists of the typical 'annexin fold' and is similar to the previously solved bell pepper annexin anx24(ca32), but significant differences are seen when compared to the structure of nonplant annexins. a comparison with the structure of the mammalian annexin anxa5 indicates that cano ... | 2003 | 12787021 |
| efficacy of transgenic cotton containing a cry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis against helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in northern china. | nucotn 33b, a bt transgenic variety of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) expressing the insecticidal protein cry1ac from bacillus thuringiensis berliner sp. kurstaki, was evaluated for resistance to helicoverpa armigera (hübner) during 1998-2000 in northern china. the results indicated that there was no significant difference in egg densities between nucotn 33b and three nontransgenic varieties (dp5415, zhongmian12, and shiyuan321) during the season, although the survival of larvae on nucotn ... | 2003 | 14503607 |
| [cloning and characterization of the pts2 receptor gene (ghpex7) from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.)]. | peroxisomal targeting signals (pts), including pts1 and pts2, were proposed to play an important role in introducing proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. pex7, the pts2 receptor, is crucial to the import of pts2 proteins. based on the sequence of a fragment (f010) recovered from cdna-aflp, the full-length cdna sequence was obtained by race and the contig in cotton ests, and the coding sequence was further cloned. the ghpex7 cdna, 1314 bp in length, contained 5 non-coding (77 bp) upstream, 3 com ... | 2003 | 14577373 |
| overwintering of heliothis virescens (f.) and helicoverpa zea (boddie) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in cotton fields of northeast mississippi. | following the 1995-2001 crop seasons, population densities of pupae of tobacco budworm, heliothis virescens (f.), and corn earworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie), overwintering in cotton fields, gossypium hirsutum l., in monroe county, ms, were estimated by digging a total of 43,542 m-row. densities of pupae varied greatly among years with the highest densities occurring in years with low rainfall in the late summer and early fall. the sex ratio of pupae was variable and significantly male-biased in ... | 2003 | 14650516 |
| a host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecule (nod factor) enhances germination and early growth of diverse crop plants. | lipo-chitooligosaccharides (lcos), or nod factors, are host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecules essential for the establishment of a successful n(2)-fixing legume-rhizobia symbiosis. at submicromolar concentrations nod factors induce physiological changes in host and non-host plants. here we show that the nod factor nod bj v(c18:1,mefuc) of bradyrhizobium japonicum 532c enhances germination of a variety of economically important plants belonging to diverse botanical families: zea mays, o ... | 2003 | 12520335 |
| evaluation of efficacy and safety of a herbal medicine used for the treatment of malaria. | resistance of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine has been reported in several countries. other anti-malarial drugs in use are expensive and not readily accessible to most people in malaria endemic countries. this has led to renewed interest in the development of herbal medicines that have the potential to treat malaria with little or no side effects. this study obtained a preliminary information on the safety and effectiveness of a plant decoction (am-1), used in treating malaria. the am-1 is ... | 2003 | 12820245 |
| slow desiccation leads to high-frequency shoot recovery from transformed somatic embryos of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 310 fr). | in agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 310fr) the frequency at which somatic embryos were converted to plantlets was significantly improved by subjecting the embryos to slow physical desiccation. we used agrobacterium strain gv3101 containing the binary vector pgsfr with the nos-nptii gene for in vitro selection and the 35s gus-int fragment as a reporter to optimize the transformation protocol. although the concentration of kanamycin was reduc ... | 2003 | 12835904 |
| field and laboratory evaluations of transgenic cottons expressing one or two bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki berliner proteins for management of noctuid (lepidoptera) pests. | field studies were conducted from 1999 to 2001 to evaluate the efficacy of the transgenic cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.), genotype, bollgard ii (monsanto 15985), which expresses two bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) proteins (cry1ac + cry2ab) that are active against lepidopterous pests. bollgard ii was compared with bollgard (dp50b), which expresses only one bt protein (cry1ac), and, in all tests, the conventional variety, dp50, was used as a non-bt control. larval populations of the bollwor ... | 2003 | 12852613 |
| 8-hydroxy-(+)-delta-cadinene is a precursor to hemigossypol in gossypium hirsutum. | [(3)h](+)-delta-cadinene and its 8-hydroxy derivative, prepared from (1rs)-[1-(3)h]fpp by the action of one and two recombinant enzymes, respectively, were infiltrated into cotyledons of bacterial blight-resistant cotton plants as they biosynthesized sesquiterpene phytoalexins in response to infection by xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum. following both treatments, tritium appeared in the hplc fraction that contained hemigossypol. hemigossypol was isolated from the cotyledons that had been ... | 2003 | 12946420 |
| characterization of the targeting signal of the arabidopsis 22-kd integral peroxisomal membrane protein. | using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays, we characterized the sorting pathway and molecular targeting signal for the arabidopsis 22-kd peroxisome membrane protein (pmp22), an integral component of the membrane of all peroxisomes in the mature plant. we show that nascent pmp22 is sorted directly from the cytosol to peroxisomes and that it is inserted into the peroxisomal boundary membrane with its n- and c-termini facing the cytosol. this direct sorting of pmp22 to peroxisomes contrast ... | 2003 | 12972647 |
| an atp-binding cassette transporter ghwbc1 from elongating cotton fibers. | we have isolated a cdna (ghwbc1) from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) that encodes an atp-binding cassette transporter of the wbc (white/brown complex) subfamily. members of this subfamily are half-sized transporters and are reported to mediate lipid and drug excretion in human (homo sapiens). ghwbc1 is highly expressed in developing fiber cells, but transcripts were also detectable in other tissues except roots. the transcript level peaked in rapidly expanding fibers from 5 to 9 dpa and then decrea ... | 2003 | 12972649 |
| early-season colonization patterns of the boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) in central texas cotton. | it is commonly believed that colonization of early-season cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., by overwintered boll weevils, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman, is concentrated on field margins. however, supporting experimental evidence is not available. in 1999 and 2000, we examined colonization patterns of overwintered boll weevils in central texas cotton on the bases of adult collections by a pneumatic sampler and hand collections of abscised infested squares. samples were taken from sites arranged ... | 2003 | 14994797 |
| united states department of agriculture-agricultural research service studies on polyketide toxins of fusarium oxysporum f sp vasinfectum: potential targets for disease control. | a group of 133 isolates of the cotton wilt pathogen fusarium oxysporum schlecht f sp vasinfectum (atk) sny & hans, representing five races and 20 vegetative compatibility groups within race 1 were used to determine the identity, biosynthetic regulation and taxonomic distribution of polyketide toxins produced by this pathogen. all isolates of f oxysporum f sp vasinfectum produced and secreted the nonaketide naphthazarin quinones, bikaverin and norbikaverin. most isolates of race 1 (previously den ... | 2003 | 12846324 |
| effects of black-eyed pea trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor on proteolytic activity and on development of anthonomus grandis. | the cotton boll weevil anthonomus grandis (boheman) is one of the major pests of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the new world. this feeds on cotton floral fruits and buds causing severe crop losses. digestion in the boll weevil is facilitated by high levels of serine proteinases, which are responsible for the almost all proteolytic activity. aiming to reduce the proteolytic activity, the inhibitory effects of black-eyed pea trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor (bt ... | 2003 | 12737983 |
| two isoforms of rubisco activase in cotton, the products of separate genes not alternative splicing. | in several plant species, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase consists of two isoforms that are produced by alternative splicing of a pre-mrna. two forms of activase corresponding to the longer, redox-regulated alpha and the shorter, beta forms were detected immunologically in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaves, but their n-termini differed in 4 of 14 residues. the cdnas for the alpha and beta forms of cotton activase diverged throughout the translated and 3'-un ... | 2003 | 12624760 |
| molecular cloning, differential expression, and functional characterization of a family of class i ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (e2) genes in cotton (gossypium). | two cdnas and their corresponding genes (ghubc1 and ghubc2) encoding ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (e2s) have been cloned and characterized from allotetraploid cotton gossypium hirsutum ((ad)(1) genome). three additional e2 genes (gaubc1, gtubc2, and grubc2) have also been identified from diploid cottons gossypium arboreum (a(2) genome), gossypium thurberi (d(1) genome), and gossypium raimondii (d(5) genome), respectively. the derived amino acid sequences of the five closely related cotton e2s a ... | 2003 | 12591614 |
| recombinantly expressed isoenzymic aminopeptidases from helicoverpa armigera (american cotton bollworm) midgut display differential interaction with closely related bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins. | several investigators have independently identified membrane-associated aminopeptidases in the midgut of insect larvae as the initial interacting ligand to the insecticidal crystal proteins of bacillus thuringiensis. though several isoenzymes of aminopeptidases have been identified from the midgut of an insect and their corresponding cdna cloned, only one of the isoform has been expressed heterologously and studied for its binding to cry toxins. here we report the cloning and expression of two a ... | 2003 | 12441000 |
| rotylenchulus reniformis management in cotton with crop rotation. | one-year crop rotations with corn or highly resistant soybean were evaluated at four locations for their effect on rotylenchulus reniformis population levels and yield of a subsequent cotton crop. four nematicide (aldicarb) regimes were included at two of the locations, and rotation with reniform-susceptible soybean was included at the other two locations. one-year rotations to corn or resistant soybean resulted in lower r. reniformis population levels (p </= 0.05) than those found in cotton at ... | 2003 | 19265975 |
| specific expression of a beta-tubulin gene (ghtub1) in developing cotton fibers. | a cdna library was constructed using poly (a)(+) rna isolated from -1-15 dpa fibers of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum). the cdna encoding a beta-tubulin isoform (designated as ghtub1) was identified through est search. northern blot analysis using 3'-utr of the cdna as a gene-specific probe was performed to investigate the expression levels of ghtub1 in various organs and in the developing fibers. the results showed that ghtub1 gene was specifically expressed in cotton fiber cells. during fib ... | 2003 | 18763138 |
| competition of meloidogyne incognita and rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton following separate and concomitant inoculations. | it has been hypothesized rotylenchulus reniformis (rr) has a competitive advantage over meloidogyne incognita (mi) in the southeastern cotton production region of the united states. this study examines the reproduction and development of meloidogyne incognita (mi) and rotylenchulus reniformis (rr) in separate and concomitant infections on cotton. under greenhouse conditions, cotton seedlings were inoculated simultaneously with juveniles (j2) of m. incognita and vermiform adults of r. reniformis ... | 2003 | 19262774 |
| impact of cotton production systems on management of hoplolaimus columbus. | the effectiveness of selected cultural practices in managing the columbia lance nematode, hoplolaimus columbus, on cotton was evaluated in experiments in growers' infested fields. the effects of planting date, cotton cultivar, treatment with the growth regulator mepiquat chloride, and destruction of cotton-root systems after harvest on cotton-lint yield and population densities of h. columbus were studied. the yield of cotton cultivar deltapine 50 was negatively related (p = 0.054) to initial po ... | 2003 | 19265977 |
| relationships between tolerance and resistance to meloidogyne incognita in cotton. | the southern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, is the most damaging pathogen of cotton in the united states, and both resistance and tolerance to m. incognita could be valuable management approaches. our objectives were to evaluate advanced cotton breeding lines for resistance and tolerance to m. incognita and to determine if a relationship between resistance and tolerance exists. reproduction of m. incognita was evaluated on 17 breeding lines, a susceptible control (delta and pine land ... | 2003 | 19262772 |
| effects of drought stressed cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., on beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), oviposition, and larval feeding preferences and growth. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), has been anecdotally reported to oviposit more on drought stressed than on nonstressed cotton plants. using potted cotton plants in cages, this study demonstrated that beet armyworms deposited 3.3, 4.6, and 2.3 times more (p < or = 0.05) eggs on cotton plants that were grown on 1500, 1000, and 750 ml water/wk, respectively, than on cotton plants grown in well watered (4000 ml water/wk) soil. third instars, however, showed no preference for stressed ... | 2003 | 14584672 |
| physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred anoda under interference and mild drought. | the influence of plant interference and a mild drought on gas exchange and oxidative stress was investigated using potted plants of two cotton species (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. delta pine 5415, and gossypium barbadense l. cv. pima s-7) and spurred anoda (anoda cristata l. schlecht.) of the malvaceae. without interference, cotton and spurred anoda had similar net photosynthesis (pnet) but different pigment profiles. stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (e) were greater in spurred ano ... | 2003 | 14504299 |
| identification of ghmyb109 encoding a r2r3 myb transcription factor that expressed specifically in fiber initials and elongating fibers of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers are derived from ovule epidermis, which are developmentally similar to arabidopsis trichome where several myb transcription factors have been shown to control their formation. however, little is known about the molecular control of cotton fiber initiation. here we isolated 55 cotton myb domain-containing sequences expressed in ovules during fiber initiation. among them, ghmyb109, encoding a r2r3 myb transcription factor of 234 amino acids, was found to be st ... | 2003 | 14580676 |
| localization of qtls for yield and fiber quality traits of tetraploid cotton cultivar. | using ssr and rapd as molecular markers, and the 69 f2 families from a cross between handan208 (gossypium hirsutum) and pima90 (gossypium barbadense) as a mapping population, a linkage map comprising 126 markers was constructed. with an average spacing 13.7 cm between markers, the linkage map spanned 1,717.0 cm, which covers approximately 34.34% of the total recombinational length of cotton genome. based on the linkage map and the f2:3 phenotypic data, overall genome qtl screening was conducted ... | 2003 | 12924159 |
| a combined rflp-ssr-aflp map of tetraploid cotton based on a gossypium hirsutum x gossypium barbadense backcross population. | an interspecific gossypium hirsutum x gossypium barbadense backcross population of 75 bc1 plants was evaluated for 1014 markers. the map consists of 888 loci, including 465 aflps, 229 ssrs, 192 rflps, and 2 morphological markers, ordered in 37 linkage groups that represent most if not all of the 26 chromosomes, altogether spanning 4400 cm. loci were not evenly distributed over linkage groups, and 18 of the 26 long groups had a single dense region. this paper proposes a partially revised list of ... | 2003 | 12897870 |
| the dna sequence of a gypsy element from gossypium hirsutum l. and characterization of gypsy elements in three gossypium species. | a strategy was developed to isolate a complete gypsy-element from gossypium hirsutum l. based on the sequence of a rapd that was polymorphic in near isoganic lines of cotton that varied in leaf shape. a 5998 nt clone was isolated and its gene order and sequence confirmed it was a gypsy-type retroelement. sequences homologous to the gag portion of this clone were also found in gossypium herbaceum l. and gossypium raimondii l. a portion of the open reading frame of the integrase gene was amplified ... | 2003 | 14631654 |
| molecular linkage map of allotetraploid cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l. x gossypium barbadense l.) with a haploid population. | in the present study, a haploid population from the cross of the two cultivated allotetraploid cottons, gossypium hirsutum l. and gossypium barbadense l., was developed by means of vsg, a virescently marked semigamous line of sea island cotton, and some target haploids were successfully doubled with colchicine. a molecular linkage map was constructed with 58 doubled and haploid plants. among the total of 624 marker loci (510 ssrs and 114 rapds), 489 loci were assembled into 43 linkage groups and ... | 2002 | 12582895 |
| soybean looper (lepidoptera: noctuidae) oviposition on cotton and soybean of different growth stages: influence of olfactory stimuli. | soybean looper, pseudoplusia includens (walker), oviposition in cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., and soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., of various stages of plant phenological development was evaluated in field cages in 1994, 1995, and 1996. overall, females preferred to oviposit on soybean over cotton when both crops were compared in vegetative or prebloom stages, when both crops were blooming, and when soybean was blooming or in early pod stage compared with prebloom cotton. females preferred to d ... | 2002 | 12020002 |
| [cloning and characterization of a lrr resistance like (ghlrr-rl) protein gene from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.)]. | lrr (leucine rich repeat) proteins are involved in various biological processes. race was used to extend the 5' and 3' unknown sequence of a cdna-aflp fragment from cotton ovule, which had sequence similarity to the arabidopsis thaliana lrr resistance-like (lrr-rl) protein. by joining the sequence of cdna-aflp fragment and its 3' and 5' race product, it was found that the full-length cdna (genbank accession no. ay040532) of 1259 bp contained an orf of 987 bp and a putative poly(a) signal. the de ... | 2002 | 12143317 |
| bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b colonization on okra- and normal-leaf upland cotton strains and cultivars. | we compared smooth-leaf okra- and normal-leaf upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) strains and cultivars for susceptibility to colonization by bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b. experiments were conducted at seven field sites, five at holtville, ca, and two at maricopa, az, during 1996-2000. okra-leaf strains and cultivars, as a group, had lower numbers of adults, eggs, and nymphs compared with normal-leaf strains and cultivars indicating the potential of okra-leaf genetic traits for reducin ... | 2002 | 12216814 |
| resistance of aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) to fenvalerate and imidacloprid and activities of detoxification enzymes on cotton and cucumber. | resistance of two strains of cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, to fenvalerate and imidacloprid were determined on cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and cucumber (cucumis sativa l.) after resistance selection of one strain to fenvalerate for 16 consecutive generations, and of a second strain to imidacloprid for 12 consecutive generations on cotton in greenhouses. dose-response and activities of detoxication enzymes of the fenvalerate-resistant strain (r-fenvalerate), the imidacloprid-resistant st ... | 2002 | 12020021 |
| effects of site-specific application of aldicarb on cotton in a meloidogyne incognita-infested field. | cotton farmers in missouri commonly apply a single rate of aldicarb throughout the field at planting to protect their crop from meloidogyne incognita, even though these nematodes are spatially aggregated. our purpose was to determine the effect of site-specific application of aldicarb on cotton production in a field infested with these nematodes in 1997 and 1998. cotton yields were collected from sites not treated with aldicarb (control), sites receiving aldicarb at the standard recommended rate ... | 2002 | 19265917 |
| molecular characterization of the cotton ghtub1 gene that is preferentially expressed in fiber. | each fiber of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is a single epidermal cell that rapidly elongates to 2.5 to 3.0 cm from the ovule surface within about 16 d after anthesis. a large number of genes are required for fiber differentiation and development, but so far, little is known about how these genes control and regulate the process of fiber development. to investigate gene expression patterns in fiber, a cdna, ghtub1, encoding beta-tubulin was isolated from a cotton fiber cdna library. the analyses o ... | 2002 | 12376634 |
| high-stearic and high-oleic cottonseed oils produced by hairpin rna-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. | we have genetically modified the fatty acid composition of cottonseed oil using the recently developed technique of hairpin rna-mediated gene silencing to down-regulate the seed expression of two key fatty acid desaturase genes, ghsad-1-encoding stearoyl-acyl-carrier protein delta 9-desaturase and ghfad2-1-encoding oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine omega 6-desaturase. hairpin rna-encoding gene constructs (hp) targeted against either ghsad-1 or ghfad2-1 were transformed into cotton (gossypium hirsutum c ... | 2002 | 12177486 |
| four near-isogenic lines of cotton with different genes for bacterial blight resistance. | abstract the development and genetic characterization of four near-isogenic lines (nils) of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is described herein. each line contains a single, but different, gene for resistance to bacterial blight caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum. the lines were derived using at least six backcrosses to the susceptible recurrent parent 'acala 44', followed by single plant-progeny row selection for uniformity. the nils are homozygous for the b(2), b(4), b(in), or b(7) g ... | 2002 | 18943887 |
| efficacy of the organic-certified insecticide diatect ii against the boll weevil (anthonomus grandis) in cotton. | the efficacy of the organic insecticide diatect ii against boll weevil (anthonomus grandis boheman) in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l) in the lower rio grande valley of texas were assessed in small-plot field trials and greenhouse cage tests using azinphos-methyl treatments as a standard for comparison. plastic sheets were placed in the furrows of the treated plots to retrieve boll weevils which dropped from the plants after being killed by the insecticides. samples of live weevils taken by a trac ... | 2002 | 12400443 |
| effects of kaolin-based particle film application on boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) injury to cotton. | this study examined a non-insecticidal tactic for suppressing boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman, damage to cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. in cage assays, kaolin, a reflective white mineral, applied to excised cotton squares or to the cotton foliage, initially resulted in lower levels of boll weevil injury to squares than nontreated squares. boll weevil oviposition and feeding on kaolin-treated squares and squares on kaolin-treated cotton plants increased when nontreated squares and ... | 2002 | 12216817 |
| [tagging and mapping of qtls controlling lint yield and yield components in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) using ssr and rapd markers]. | using interval mapping and marker simple regression methods, the qtls of yield and its components in (simian 3 x tm-1) f2 and f2:3, were tagged and mapped with 39 ssr and 10 rapd markers having polymorphism between parents screened from 301 pair ssr primers and 1040 rapd primers. simian 3 is being grown extensively in yangtze river cotton-growing valley characterized as high productivity with more bolls and higher lint percent, whereas tm-1, genetic standard in upland cotton with more heavy boll ... | 2002 | 12148276 |
| survival of the rhizosphere-competent biocontrol strain pseudomonas fluorescens nbri2650 in the soil and phytosphere. | pseudomonas fluorescens nbri2650 was isolated after screening 360 bacterial strains from the rhizosphere of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) grown in fungal-disease-suppressive field soil. the strain was selected because of its high rhizosphere competence and ability to inhibit the growth of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri, rhizoctonia bataticola, and pythium sp. under in vitro conditions. survival and colonization of nbri2650 in the phytosphere of chickpea, cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), cucumber ... | 2002 | 12224558 |
| the bifunctional lkr/sdh locus of plants also encodes a highly active monofunctional lysine-ketoglutarate reductase using a polyadenylation signal located within an intron. | both plants and animals catabolize lysine (lys) via two consecutive enzymes, lys-ketoglutarate reductase (lkr) and saccharopine dehydrogenase (sdh), which are linked on a single polypeptide encoded by a single lkr/sdh gene. we have previously shown that the arabidopsis lkr/sdh gene also encodes a monofunctional sdh that is transcribed from an internal promoter. in the present report, we have identified two cdnas derived from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) boll abscission zone that encode a novel en ... | 2002 | 12226495 |
| paget's disease of bone in lancashire and arsenic pesticide in cotton mill wastewater: a speculative hypothesis. | a 1974 survey of paget's disease of bone in 31 uk towns identified a cluster of six lancashire former cotton mill towns with the highest prevalence rates of the disease and noted a link with the cotton industry. the two highest-prevalence towns are situated on estuaries and are jointly the smallest of the six by the size of their former cotton industry. the two lowest-prevalence towns of the six are highest above sea level and jointly the largest by the size of their former cotton industry. this ... | 2002 | 12231419 |
| plant allocation to defensive compounds: interactions between elevated co(2) and nitrogen in transgenic cotton plants. | plant allocation to defensive compounds in response to growth in elevated atmospheric co(2) in combination with two levels of nitrogen was examined. the aim was to discover if allocation patterns of transgenic plants containing genes for defensive chemicals which had not evolved in the species would respond as predicted by the carbon nutrient balance (cnb) hypothesis. cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum l.) were sown inside 12 environmental chambers. six of them were maintained at an elevated co(2 ... | 2002 | 11807136 |
| [cloning and characterization of d-113 gene promoter from cotton]. | to study the expression of late embryogenesis abundant gene in seeds, the 1,024 bp 5' flanking sequence of d-113 gene, a late embryogenesis abundant gene of gossypium hirsutum cv. coker 312, was cloned by pcr. the similarity compared with the sequence of lea protein gene family published was 92.50%. there are three putative abres and one enhancer-like which riches a/t in the promoter. the promoter was fused to the beta-glucuronidase gene to form pld ii. via a particle bombardment, pld ii was int ... | 2002 | 11902000 |
| biochemical and molecular inhibition of plastidial carbonic anhydrase reduces the incorporation of acetate into lipids in cotton embryos and tobacco cell suspensions and leaves. | two cdnas encoding functional carbonic anhydrase (ca) enzymes were recently isolated from a non-photosynthetic, cotyledon library of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seedlings with putative plastid-targeting sequences (genbank accession nos. af132854 and af132855). relative ca transcript abundance and enzyme activity increased 9 and 15 times, respectively, in cotton embryos during the maximum period of reserve oil accumulation. specific sulfonamide inhibitors of ca activity significantly reduced the ... | 2002 | 11950990 |
| a novel root-specific gene, mic-3, with increased expression in nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) after root-knot nematode infection. | a full-length cdna, mic-3, has been identified from a lambda zapii cdna library constructed from the mrna of nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) roots after infection with root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). the putative open reading frame of mic-3 encoded a protein of 141 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 15.3 kda. seven alternative polyadenylation sites have been identified for the mic-3 transcripts, and the major transcripts are the longest ones. the mic-3 ... | 2002 | 12031505 |
| (18)o spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water, and dry matter in cotton leaves. | three leaf water models (two-pool model, péclet effect, and string-of-lakes) were assessed for their robustness in predicting leaf water enrichment and its spatial heterogeneity. this was achieved by studying the (18)o spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water, and dry matter in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) leaves grown at different humidities using new experimental approaches. vein xylem water was collected from intact transpiring cotton leaves by pressurizing the roots in a pressure cham ... | 2002 | 12376664 |
| genetic relationships and discrimination of ten influential upland cotton varieties using rapd markers. | influential upland cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.) varieties are those that have the higher genetic contributions to modern upland cultivars than other germplasms. our previous research has shown significant differences in general combining ability (gca) effects for yield, yield components, and fiber properties among ten influential cotton varieties. in this study, we used random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) data to evaluate dna variation of these ten varieties. of 86 random decamer primers ... | 2002 | 12582535 |
| [responses of agricultural crops of free-air co2 enrichment]. | over the past decade, free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiments have been conducted on several agricultural crops: wheat(triticum aestivum l.), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and rice(oryza sativa l.) which are c3 grasses; sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) möench), a c4 grass; white clover (trifolium repens), a c3 legume; potato (solanum tuberosum l.), a c3 forb with tuber storage; and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and grape (vitis vinifera l.) which are c3 woody perennials. using reports fr ... | 2002 | 12557686 |
| analysis of genetic effects of major genes and polygenes on quantitative traits. ii. genetic models for seed traits of crops. | genetic models for quantitative seed traits with effects of several major genes and polygenes, as well as their ge interaction, were proposed. mixed linear model approaches were suggested for analyzing the genetic models. monte carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate unbiasedness and efficiency for estimating fixed effects and variance components of the embryo and the endosperm models, including effects of a major gene from an unbalanced modified diallel mating design with nine parents, res ... | 2002 | 12582922 |
| pcr-mediated recombination in amplification products derived from polyploid cotton. | pcr recombination describes a process of in vitro chimera formation from non-identical templates. the key requirement of this process is the inclusion of two partially homologous templates in one reaction, a condition met when amplifying any locus from polyploid organisms and members of multigene families from diploid organisms. because polyploids possess two or more divergent genomes ("homoeologues") in a common nucleus, intergenic chimeras can form during the pcr amplification of any gene. her ... | 2002 | 12582722 |
| rflp genetic linkage maps from four f(2.3) populations and a joinmap of gossypium hirsutum l. | an rflp genetic linkage joinmap was constructed from four different mapping populations of cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.). genetic maps from two of the four populations have been previously reported. the third genetic map was constructed from 199 bulk-sampled plots of an f(2.3) (hq95-6x'md51ne') population. the map comprises 83 loci mapped to 24 linkage groups with an average distance between markers of 10.0 centimorgan (cm), covering 830.1 cm or approximately 18% of the genome. the fourth gene ... | 2002 | 12582687 |
| [the cdna-aflp differential display in developing anthers between cotton male sterile and fertile line of "dong a"]. | cdna-aflp, an effective method for mrna differential display, was employed to compare the gene expression in developing anthers between the male sterile and fertile plants of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivar, dong a. in the micro-spore stage, there were more differential bands of cdna-aflp than that in the meio-phase stage. among 64 differential fragments produced by cdna-aflp, three were randomly selected for further analysis. rna dot blotting showed that the gha27 transcript was express ... | 2002 | 11985272 |
| effects of water deficit stress, shade, weed competition, and kaolin particle film on selected foliar free amino acid accumulations in cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.). | leaves of cotton plants, gossypium hirsutum l., stressed by water deficit, reduced daylight, and weed competition, or treated with a kaolin wettable powder formulation were analyzed for levels of 17 free amino acids (faas) using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. water deficit stress resulted in heightened free proline levels (49.9-fold, p < 0.001) that were correlated with diffusive resistance (seconds per centimeter). five other faas increased, and the amounts of total free ... | 2002 | 11944838 |
| tolerance and accumulation of shikimic acid in response to glyphosate applications in glyphosate-resistant and nonglyphosate-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | measurement of shikimic acid accumulation in response to glyphosate inhibition of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase is a rapid and accurate assay to quantify glyphosate-induced damage in sensitive plants. two methods of assaying shikimic acid, a spectrophotometric and a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method, were compared for their accuracy of recovering known amounts of shikimic acid spiked into plant samples. the hplc method recovered essentially 100% of shikimic acid ... | 2002 | 11804521 |
| characterisation of six alpha-expansin genes in gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton). | a genomic library screen and pcr-based strategies were employed to isolate six genes with sequence similarity to a cotton fibre-specific mrna encoding an alpha-expansin. alpha-expansins are cell wall proteins that facilitate cell wall extension by disruption of non-covalent bonds between wall components. the characterisation and expression analysis of these six novel genes ( ghexp1-ghexp6) is described. four of them ( ghexp3- ghexp6) are expressed within multiple tissues of the cotton plant and ... | 2002 | 12242493 |
| n-acylethanolamines are metabolized by lipoxygenase and amidohydrolase in competing pathways during cottonseed imbibition. | saturated and unsaturated n-acylethanolamines (naes) occur in desiccated seeds primarily as 16c and 18c species with n-palmitoylethanolamine and n-linoleoylethanolamine (nae 18:2) being most abundant. here, we examined the metabolic fate of naes in vitro and in vivo in imbibed cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seeds. when synthetic [1-(14)c]n-palmitoylethanolamine was used as a substrate, free fatty acids (ffa) were produced by extracts of imbibed cottonseeds. when synthetic [1-(14)c]nae 18:2 was used ... | 2002 | 12226518 |
| tests of six cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) mutants for association with aneuploids. | genetic mutants are useful tools for basic and applied research to elucidate the developmental and regulatory processes of the cotton plant (gossypium hirsutum l.). their value is enhanced with knowledge of their location in the genome. the results of aneuploid tests used to locate mutant loci on specific chromosomes in g. hirsutum l. are reported. thirty-four monosomes and telosomes, representing 18 of the 26 chromosomes, were used in combination with six mutants that were associated with nine ... | 2002 | 12140273 |
| regulation of carbonic anhydrase gene expression in cotyledons of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings during post-germinative growth. | recently, plastidial carbonic anhydrase (ca) cdna clones encoding functional carbonic anhydrase enzymes were isolated from a 48 h dark-grown cotton seedling (cotyledons) cdna library (hoang et al., plant cell physiol. 40: 1999). here we examined the levels of relative transcript abundance and enzyme activities in cotyledons at different developmental stages and under different environmental conditions (i.e. altering co2 and light conditions), during post-germinative seedling growth. relative ca ... | 2002 | 12090621 |
| quantification of the effects of management factors on maize (zea mays l.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) residues decomposition rate. | efforts to quantify management effects on decomposition rate of added substrates to the soil is important especially where such information is to be used for prediction in mathematical or simulation models. using data from a short-term (60 days) greenhouse simulation study, a procedure for quantifying effects of management on som and substrate decomposition is presented. using microbial growth rate u(q), microbial efficiency in substrate utilization e(q), specific decomposition rates for added p ... | 2002 | 12046283 |
| effect of factory effluents on physiological and biochemical contents of gossypium hirsutum l. | the effect of sago and sugar factory effluents was studied on gossypium hirsutum l. var. mcu 5 and mcu 11. plants were irrigated with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of effluents of both factories. at lower concentration (25%) of sugar factory effluents had stimulatory effect on all biochemical contents observed. moreover, all concentration of sago factory effluents were found to have inhibitory effect on all biochemical contents except proline content which increased with increasing concentration of bot ... | 2001 | 12018591 |
| enhanced photochemical light utilization and decreased chilling-induced photoinhibition of photosystem ii in cotton overexpressing genes encoding chloroplast-targeted antioxidant enzymes. | the aim of this study was to determine whether increases in stromal superoxide dismutase (sod; ec 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (apx; ec 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (gr; ec 1.6.4.2) via transformation could reduce photosystem (ps) ii photoinhibition at low temperature for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants and to determine by what mechanism this protection may be realized. during 3-h exposures of lincomycin-treated leaf discs to 10 degrees c and a photon flux density of 500 &mgr;mo ... | 2001 | 12060276 |
| heat stress induces the synthesis of a new form of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase in cotton leaves. | ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco; ec 4.1.1.39) activase mrna and protein synthesis were measured in the leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants under control (28 degrees c) or heat-stress (41 degrees c) conditions. a decline in activase transcript abundance occurred rapidly during the photoperiod and was unaffected by heat stress. in response to high temperature, de novo protein synthesis rapidly shifted from mainly expression of rubisco large and small subunits t ... | 2001 | 11762161 |
| [genetic diversity detected by dna markers and phenotypes in upland cotton]. | genetic diversity of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivars was evaluated by ssr, issr, and rapd. the genomic dnas of 36 domestic and exotic cultivars were amplified with 81 ssr primer pairs; 7 issr primers and 53 rapd primers, which yielded 282 polymorphic bands. the range of pair similarity coefficient (nei, m. and w. li 1979) between cultivars is from 0.5745 to 0.9291. the result indicated that although the present cultivars have genetic variation to a certain extent, the genetic bas ... | 2001 | 11725639 |
| growth of cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum) as affected by water and sludge from a sewage treatment plant: ii. seed and fiber yield and heavy metal accumulation. | 2001 | 11353376 | |
| growth of cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum) as affected by water and sludge from a sewage treatment plant: i. plant phenology and development. | 2001 | 11353375 | |
| [higher lint percent and drought tolerant cotton line selected by radiation breeding]. | the gossypium hirsutum cv. liaomian no. 9 were mutagenized by 60co gamma ray, from which the mutant line zhonghuzhi pi 935 (be called "pi 935" for short) was bred by family selection method. the pi 935 not only has some good traits (growing period, drought tolerance, lint color and fiber quality) similar to the original cultivar, but also has higher lint outturn and lint yield than that of the liaomian no. 9. the pi 935 has been identified and regional tested in nine places times for four years ... | 2001 | 12549010 |
| sucrose phosphate synthase activity rises in correlation with high-rate cellulose synthesis in three heterotrophic systems. | based on work with cotton fibers, a particulate form of sucrose (suc) synthase was proposed to support secondary wall cellulose synthesis by degrading suc to fructose and udp-glucose. the model proposed that udp-glucose was then channeled to cellulose synthase in the plasma membrane, and it implies that suc availability in cellulose sink cells would affect the rate of cellulose synthesis. therefore, if cellulose sink cells could synthesize suc and/or had the capacity to recycle the fructose rele ... | 2001 | 11706202 |
| cell growth: the power of symplastic isolation. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers are single-celled seed coat hairs that elongate up to 2mm per day during a phase of rapid growth. recent evidence suggests this growth is orchestrated by a series of events which includes temporary closure of plasmodesmata. | 2001 | 11516666 |
| response of acala cotton to nitrogen rates in the san joaquin valley of california. | the responses of acala cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) in california to a range of applied nitrogen (n) treatments were investigated in a 5-year, multisite experiment. the experiment's goals were to identify crop growth and yield responses to applied n and provide information to better assess the utility of soil residual n estimates in improving fertilizer management. baseline fertilizer application rates for the lowest applied n treatments were based on residual soil nitrate-n (no3-n) levels det ... | 2001 | 12805823 |
| cloning and expressionanalysis of two cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genes encodingcell wall proline-rich proteins. | two cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genes, ghprp1 and ghprp2, encoding cell wall proline-rich proteins (prps) have been cloned and characterized. the ghprpl gene has an open reading frame (orf) that encodes a prp of 299 amino acids (aa), whereas the ghprp2 gene contains an orf that codes for a 310-aa prp. the ghprp1 has an 80% identity in aa sequence with that of ghprp2. like other plant cell wall prps, both cotton prps have a hydrophobic signal peptide at their n-termini, followed by repeating p ... | 2001 | 11913783 |
| impact of bt cottons expressing one or two insecticidal proteins of bacillus thuringiensis berliner on growth and survival of noctuid (lepidoptera) larvae. | a series of laboratory assays were performed to compare the relative impact of commercial and experimental cultivars of cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.), expressing zero, one, or two insecticidal proteins of bacillus thuringiensis berliner, on several lepidopteran pests. assays in which larvae were fed fresh plant tissue indicated that dual-toxin b. thuringiensis (bt) cultivars, expressing both cry1ac and cry2ab endotoxins of b. thuringiensis, were more toxic to bollworms, helicoverpa zea (boddie ... | 2001 | 11425033 |
| the experimental herbicide cga 325'615 inhibits synthesis of crystalline cellulose and causes accumulation of non-crystalline beta-1,4-glucan associated with cesa protein. | developing cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers, cultured in vitro with their associated ovules, were used to compare the effects of two herbicides that inhibit cellulose synthesis: 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dcb) and an experimental thiatriazine-based herbicide, cga 325'615. cga 325'615 in nanomolar concentrations or dcb in micromolar concentrations causes inhibition of synthesis of crystalline cellulose. unlike dcb, cga 325'615 also causes concomitant accumulation of non-crystalline beta-1,4-gluc ... | 2001 | 11457949 |
| cellulose in cyanobacteria. origin of vascular plant cellulose synthase? | although cellulose biosynthesis among the cyanobacteria has been suggested previously, we present the first conclusive evidence, to our knowledge, of the presence of cellulose in these organisms. based on the results of x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy of microfibrils, and cellobiohydrolase i-gold labeling, we report the occurrence of cellulose biosynthesis in nine species representing three of the five sections of cyanobacteria. sequence analysis of the genomes of four cyanobacteria revea ... | 2001 | 11598227 |
| bollworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) survival on 'bollgard' and 'bollgard ii' cotton flower bud and flower components. | genetically modified cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., cultivars ('bollgard') that produce crystalline proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) are valuable tools for managing lepidopteran insect pests in the united states. however, high numbers of bollworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie), larvae have been observed feeding in white flowers of these cultivars. fresh tissue bioassays were conducted to investigate bollworm survival on bollgard and 'bollgard ii' cottons. bollworm survival was higher o ... | 2001 | 11777047 |
| a putative plant homolog of the yeast beta-1,3-glucan synthase subunit fks1 from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers. | a novel plant gene cfl1 was cloned from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers by expressed sequence tag (est) database searching and 5'-race (rapid amplification of cdna ends). this gene shows sequence homology with fks1 which has been identified as the putative catalytic subunit of the yeast beta-1,3-glucan synthase. it encodes a protein (cfl1p) of 219 kda with 13 deduced transmembrane helices and 2 large hydrophilic domains, one of which is at the n-terminus and the other in the internal regio ... | 2001 | 11469587 |
| management of root-knot and reniform nematodes in ultra-narrow row cotton with 1,3-dichloropropene. | ultra-narrow row cotton studies were conducted during 1999 at two field sites in northern florida. one site was naturally infested with meloidogyne incognita race 3 and the other with rotylenchulus reniformis. the fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) was applied broadcast at rates of 0, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, and 96 kg ai./ha in replicated plots before planting delta pine 655 brr cotton in 25-cm-wide rows. post-harvest soil population densities at the root-knot nematode site had a significant (p </ ... | 2001 | 19265894 |
| cloning of peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase gene from barley and enhanced thermotolerance by overexpressing in arabidopsis thaliana. | a full-length cdna clone (hvapx1) encoding a peroxisomal type ascorbate peroxidase was isolated from barley (hordeum vulgare cv. haruna-nijyo) leaves by differential display. the deduced amino acid sequence of the hvapx1 gene had 75.3% homology to that from the gossypium hirsutum glyoxysomal apx gene and 72.1% homology to that from the arabidopsis thaliana peroxisomal apx gene, apx3. southern blot analysis indicated that a single-copy gene in the barley genome encoded hvapx1. northern blot analy ... | 2001 | 11483357 |
| histochemical localization of enzymes in the stigma and style of gossypium hirsutum l. during pre- and post-pollination stages. | the distributional pattern of some enzymes (esterase, beta-d-galactosidase, succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase) is described in the dry stigma and closed style of gossypium hirsutum l. during pre- and post-pollination stages. all the four enzymes indicated granular reaction and increased activity in the transmitting tissue and its surrounding cells during post pollinated stage. the possible physiological role of these enzymes in pollen tube growth in vivo in stigma and style is dis ... | 2001 | 114462 |
| spodoptera exigua oviposition and larval feeding preferences for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus, over squaring cotton, gossypium hirsutum, and a comparison of free amino acids in each host plant. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), can utilize a number of different host plants for oviposition and larval development, but some host plants are preferred over others. this study, using cage choice tests and olfactometer assays, demonstrates the beet armyworm's preference for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus l., over cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. cage and olfactometer choice assays indicated that olfaction plays an important role in host selection by ovipositing females. first instars e ... | 2001 | 11710608 |
| root galling and reproduction of meloidogyne incognita isolates from texas on resistant cotton genotypes. | several cotton genotypes with resistance to meloidogyne incognita have been released in recent years. to estimate the durability of this resistance, galling severity on these resistant genotypes by m. incognita was measured. nematode isolates (115 total) were collected from cotton fields in 14 texas counties in august and september 1996 and 1997. four additional isolates from maryland, mississippi, and north carolina were also tested. the isolates were evaluated in 12 greenhouse experiments for ... | 2000 | 19271003 |
| a survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with cotton in northeastern louisiana. | a survey was conducted in northeastern louisiana to determine the frequency and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with cotton. in fall 1997 and 1998, more than 600 soil samples were collected from cotton fields representing 6,200 ha, which is 5.3% of the cotton production hectarage in this region. composite soil samples were collected from 10 ha in each field. nematodes were extracted by gravity screening and sucrose centrifugation, identified to genus, and quantified. nine gener ... | 2000 | 19271002 |
| tolerance of selected cotton lines to rotylenchulus reniformis. | the reproductive and damage potential of the reniform nematode, rotylenchulus reniformis, on five cotton breeding lines reported as tolerant to this nematode in texas were compared with two standard cotton cultivars, deltapine 50 and stoneville la 887, in a north carolina field naturally infested with r. reniformis. numbers of r. reniformis in soil were suppressed at mid-season, and cotton-lint yield was increased by preplant fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene. population densities of r. renifo ... | 2000 | 19271004 |
| effects of potato-cotton cropping systems and nematicides on plant-parasitic nematodes and crop yields. | belonolaimus longicaudatus has been reported as damaging both potato (solanum tuberosum) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum). these crops are not normally grown in cropping systems together in areas where the soil is infested with b. longicaudatus. during the 1990s cotton was grown in a potato production region that was a suitable habitat for b. longicaudatus. it was not known how integrating the production of these two crops by rotation or double-cropping would affect the population densities of b. ... | 2000 | 19270980 |
| population dynamics of belonolaimus longicaudatusin a cotton production system. | belonolaimus longicaudatus is a recognized pathogen of cotton (gossypium hirsutum), but insufficient information is available on the population dynamics and economic thresholds of b. longicaudatus in cotton production. in this study, data collected from a field in florida were used to develop models predicting population increases of b. longicaudatus on cotton and population declines under clean fallow. population densities of b. longicaudatus increased on cotton, reaching a carrying capacity of ... | 2000 | 19270968 |
| yield reduction and root damage to cotton induced by belonolaimus longicaudatus. | sting nematode (belonolaimus longicaudatus) is recognized as a pathogen of cotton (gossypium hirsutum), but the expected damage from a given population density of this nematode has not been determined. the objective of this study was to quantify the effects of increasing initial population densities (pi) of b. longicaudatus on cotton yield and root mass. in a field plot study, nematicide application and cropping history were used to obtain a wide range of pi values. cotton yields were regressed ... | 2000 | 19270967 |
| effect of foliar applications of oxamyl with aldicarb for the management of rotylenchulus reniformison cotton. | the efficacy of foliar applications of oxamyl were evaluated for the management of rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton in mississippi. two tests were established in tallahatchie county on a fine sandy loam soil (56.8% sand, 37.8% silt, 5.3% clay, ph 5.4, and 0.3% om) naturally infested with r. reniformis. oxamyl was applied as a foliar spray at 0.14, 0.27, or 0.53 kg a.i./ha to cotton plants that had reached the sixth true leaf growth stage. a second oxamyl application was applied 14 days after t ... | 2000 | 19271008 |
| efficacy of cotton root destruction and winter cover crops for suppression of hoplolaimus columbus. | the efficacy of rye (secale cereale) and wheat (triticum aestivum) winter cover crops and cotton stalk and root destruction (i.e., pulling them up) were evaluated in field tests during two growing seasons for hoplolaimus columbus management in cotton. the effect of removing debris from the field following root destruction also was evaluated. wheat and rye produced similar amounts of biomass, and both crops produced more biomass (p </= 0.05) following cotton root destruction. cover crops did not ... | 2000 | 19271009 |
| induction of terpenoid synthesis in cotton roots and control of rhizoctonia solani by seed treatment with trichoderma virens. | abstract research on the mechanisms employed by the biocontrol agent trichoderma virens to suppress cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seedling disease incited by rhizoctonia solani has shown that mycoparasitism and antibiotic production are not major contributors to successful biological control. in this study, we examined the possibility that seed treatment with t. virens stimulates defense responses, as indicated by the synthesis of terpenoids in cotton roots. we also examined the role of these terp ... | 2000 | 18944616 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne incognita, m. arenaria,and other nematodes and crop yields in rotations of cotton, peanut, and wheat under minimum tillage. | wheat, cotton, and peanut were arranged in three cropping sequences to determine the effects of fenamiphos (6.7 kg a.i./ha) and cropping sequence on nematode population densities and crop yields under conservation tillage and irrigation for 6 years. the cropping sequences included a wheat winter cover crop each year and summer crops of cotton every year, peanut every year, or cotton rotated every other year with peanut. the population densities of meloidogyne spp. and helicotylenchus dihystera w ... | 2000 | 19270949 |
| cloning of a gene for an acyl-coa dehydrogenase from pisum sativum l. and purification and characterization of its product as an isovaleryl-coa dehydrogenase. | isovaleryl-coa dehydrogenase (ivd, ec ) catalyzes the third step in the catabolism of leucine in mammals. deficiency of this enzyme leads to the clinical disorder isovaleric acidemia. ivd has been purified and characterized from human and rat liver, and the x-ray crystallographic structure of purified recombinant human ivd has been reported. nothing is known about ivd activity in plants, although cdna clones from arabidopsis thaliana and partial sequences from gossypium hirsutum and oryza sativa ... | 2000 | 10913142 |
| salicylic acid mediated by the oxidative burst is a key molecule in local and systemic responses of cotton challenged by an avirulent race of xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum. | we analyzed the production of reactive oxygen species, the accumulation of salicylic acid (sa), and peroxidase activity during the incompatible interaction between cotyledons of the cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cv reba b50/xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum (xcm) race 18. sa was detected in petioles of cotyledons 6 h after infection and 24 h post inoculation in cotyledons and untreated leaves. the first peak of sa occurred 3 h after generation of superoxide (o(2)(.-)), and was inhibited by inf ... | 2000 | 10712539 |
| feeding behavior of bollworm and tobacco budworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae in mixed stands of nontransgenic and transgenic cotton expressing an insecticidal protein. | feeding behavior of third-instar bollworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie), and tobacco budworm, heliothis virescens (f.), was observed in pure and mixed stands of nontransgenic and transgenic cotton (btk), gossypium hirsutum l., expressing an insecticidal protein cryia(c) from a bacterium, bacillus thuringiensis berliner subsp. kurstaki. five plant stands composed of btk and non-btk plants were evaluated; two pure stands and three mixed stands. percentage ratios of btk to non-btk plants in the stands ... | 2000 | 10985046 |
| 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid metabolism in transgenic tolerant cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | the metabolic fate of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) was studied in leaves of transgenic 2,4-d-tolerant cotton (gossypium hirsutum), which is obtained by transfer of the tfda gene from the bacterium alcaligenes eutrophus. the tdfa gene codes for a dioxygenase catalyzing the degradation of 2,4-d to 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp). [phenyl-(14)c]-2,4-d was administered by petiolar absorption followed by an 18 h water chase or converted to the isopropyl ester and sprayed onto the leaf surface ... | 2000 | 11087477 |
| electron transport through photosystem ii in leaves during light pulses: acceptor resistance increases with nonphotochemical excitation quenching. | light response curves of photosystem (ps) ii electron transport from oxygen evolving complex to plastoquinone (pq) were measured in sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) leaves by recording o(2) evolution and fluorescence in 5-200 ms light pulses of 500-13500 micromol absorbed quanta m(-2) s(-1). the leaves were pre-adapted at 60-2000 micromol quanta m(-2) s(-1) for 60 min to obtain different nonphotochemical excitation quenching, whi ... | 2000 | 11106767 |