Publications

pathway of chymotrypsin evolution suggested by the structure of the fmn-binding protein from desulfovibrio vulgaris (miyazaki f)		1997	9406543
molecular epidemiology of rabies epizootics in texas.	texas is in the midst of two independent epizootics of rabies, involving coyotes (canis latrans) and domestic dogs (canis familiaris) in southern texas and grey foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) in west central texas. the domestic dog/coyote (ddc) and grey for (tf) rabies virus variants cannot be differentiated by antigenic typing with currently available monoclonal antibodies. these two variants also cannot be distinguished from a third variant, sonora dog (sd) rabies, that is not enzootic in te ...	1997	9406651
nutritional aspects of dissimilatory sulfate reduction in the human large intestine.	in contrast to other anaerobic ecosystems, such as marine and estuarine sediments, there is a lack of information on the nutritional requirements of human gut sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb). various substrates stimulated sulfate reduction in mixed culture, including short-chain fatty acids and other organic acids, alcohols, and amino acids (but not sugars or aromatic compounds). however, the use of sodium molybdate as a specific inhibitor of sulfate reduction caused an accumulation of ethanol a ...	1997	9462959
hydrogenase: a hydrogen-metabolizing enzyme. what do the crystal structures tell us about its mode of action?	hydrogenases are proteins which metabolize the most simple of chemical compounds, molecular hydrogen, according to the reaction h2<-->2h+ + 2e-. these enzymes are found in many microorganisms of great biotechnological interest such as methanogenic, acetogenic, nitrogen fixing, photosynthetic or sulfate-reducing bacteria. the x-ray structure of a dimeric [nife] hydrogenase together with a wealth of biophysical, biochemical and genetic studies have revealed that the large subunit contains the bime ...	1997	9479448
bilophila wadsworthia: a unique gram-negative anaerobic rod.	although comprising less than 0.01% of the normal human gastrointestinal microbiota, bilophila wadsworthia is the third most common anaerobe recovered from clinical material obtained from patients with perforated and gangrenous appendicitis. since its discovery in 1988, b. wadsworthia has been recovered from clinical specimens associated with a variety of infections, including sepsis, liver abscesses, cholecystitis, fournier's gangrene, soft tissue abscesses, empyema, osteomyelitis, bartholiniti ...	1997	16887567
membrane-bound cytochromes in a sulfate-reducing strict anaerobe desulfovibrio vulgaris miyazaki f.	cytoplasmic membranes were isolated from the cells of a sulfate-reducing strict anaerobe desulfovibrio vulgaris miyazaki f and membrane-bound cytochromes were characterized. redox difference spectra at 77 k revealed the presence of cytochromes with the alpha peaks at 552 and 556 nm while co-binding difference spectra showed the presence of o-type cytochrome(s). partial purification of the cytochromes demonstrated that the membranes contain cytochromes c550, c551, c556 and possibly d1 besides hig ...	1997	16887609
reduction of hexavalent uranium from organic complexes by sulfate- and iron-reducing bacteria.	the influence of organic-hexavalent-uranium [u(vi)] complexation on u(vi) reduction by a sulfate-reducing bacterium (desulfovibrio desulfuricans) and an iron-reducing bacterium (shewanella alga) was evaluated. four aliphatic ligands (acetate, malonate, oxalate, and citrate) and an aromatic ligand (tiron [4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene disulfonic acid]) were used to study complexed-uranium bioavailability. the trends in uranium reduction varied with the nature and the amount of u(vi)-organic complex f ...	1997	16535729
interspecies acetate transfer influences the extent of anaerobic benzoate degradation by syntrophic consortia.	benzoate degradation by an anaerobic, syntrophic bacterium, strain sb, in coculture with desulfovibrio sp. strain g-11 reached a threshold value which depended on the amount of acetate added and ranged from about 2.5 to 29.9 (mu)m. increasing acetate concentrations also uncompetitively inhibited benzoate degradation. the apparent v(infmax) and apparent k(infm) for benzoate degradation decreased with increasing acetate concentration, but the benzoate degradation capacities (v(infmax)/k(infm)) of ...	1996	16535215
dissolution of barium from barite in sewage sludges and cultures of desulfovibrio desulfuricans.	high concentrations of total barium, ranging from 0.42 to 1.58 mg(middot)g(sup-1) (dry weight) were found in sludges of two sewage treatment plants near florence, italy. barium concentrations in the suspended matter decreased as redox potential values changed from negative to positive. an anoxic sewage sludge sample was aerated, and 30% of the total barium was removed in 24 h. to demonstrate that barium was solubilized from barite by sulfate-reducing bacteria, a strain of desulfovibrio desulfuri ...	1996	16535353
diversity of nitrogen fixation genes in the symbiotic intestinal microflora of the termite reticulitermes speratus.	the diversity of nitrogen-fixing organisms in the symbiotic intestinal microflora of a lower termite, reticulitermes speratus, was investigated without culturing the resident microorganisms. fragments of the nifh gene, which encodes the dinitrogenase reductase, were directly amplified from the dna of the mixed microbial population in the termite gut and were clonally isolated. the phylogenetic analysis of the nifh product amino acid sequences showed that there was a remarkable diversity of nitro ...	1996	16535372
competition and coexistence of sulfate-reducing and methanogenic populations in anaerobic biofilms.	the microbial population structure and function of natural anaerobic communities maintained in laboratory fixed-bed biofilm reactors were tracked before and after a major perturbation, which involved the addition of sulfate to the influent of a reactor that had previously been fed only glucose (methanogenic), while sulfate was withheld from a reactor that had been fed both glucose and sulfate (sulfidogenic). the population structure, determined by using phylogenetically based oligonucleotide pro ...	1996	16535428
cometabolic transformation and cleavage of nitrodiphenylamines by three newly isolated sulfate-reducing bacterial strains.	three sulfate-reducing bacterial strains (desulfovibrio sp. strain shv, desulfococcus sp. strain whc, and desulfomicrobium sp. strain whb) with the capacity to cometabolize 2-nitrodiphenylamine, 4-nitrodiphenylamine, and 2,4-dinitrodiphenylamine were newly isolated. before breaking down the diphenylamine structure, these strains cometabolically reduce the nitrodiphenylamines to the corresponding aminodiphenylamines during anaerobic oxidation of the growth substrate lactate (desulfovibrio strain ...	1996	16535317
preliminary crystallographic analysis and further characterization of a dodecaheme cytochrome c from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774.	dodecaheme cytochrome c has been purified from desulfovibrio (d.) desulfuricans atcc 27774 cells grown under both nitrate and sulfate-respiring conditions. therefore, it is likely to play a role in the electron-transfer system of both respiratory chains. its molecular mass (37768 kda) was determined by electrospray mass spectrometry. its first 39 amino acids were sequenced and a motif was found between amino acids 32 and 37 that seems to exist in all the cytochromes of the c(3) type from sulfate ...	1996	15299587
crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of the putative [6fe-6s] prismane protein from desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough).	crystals of the prismane protein from desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough) containing a putative [6fe-6s] cluster have been obtained and x-ray data collected to a resolution of 1.7 a using synchrotron radiation. the unit cell is orthorhombic with a = 64.1, b = 65.1 and c = 154.1 a, space group p2(1)2(1)2(1) (no. 19). the unit cell will readily accommodate four molecules of molecular weight 60 kda with a corresponding solvent content of approximately 48%.	1996	15299589
biological sulfate reduction using synthesis gas as energy and carbon source.	biological sulfate reduction was studied in laboratory-scale gas-lift reactors. synthesis gas (gas mixtures of h(2)/co/co(2)) was used as energy and carbon source. the required biomass retention was obtained by aggregation and immobilization on pumice particles. special attention was paid to the effect of co addition on the sulfate conversion rate, aggregation, and aggregate composition.addition of 5% co negatively affected the overall sulfate conversion rate; i.e., it dropped from 12-14 to 6-8 ...	1996	18626930
influence of sulfur metalation on the accessibility of the ni(ii/i) couple in [n,n'-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,5-diazacyclooctanato]nickel(ii): insight into the redox properties of [nife]-hydrogenase.	a redox model study of [nife] hydrogenase has examined a series of five polymetallics based on the metalation of the dithiolate complex [1,5-bis(mercaptoethyl)-1,5-diazacyclooctane]ni(ii), ni-1. crystal structures of three polymetallics of the series have been reported earlier: [(ni-1)(2)()ni]cl(2)(), [(ni-1)(2)()fecl(2)()](2)(), and [(ni-1)(3)()(zncl)(2)()]cl(2)(). two are described here: [(ni-1)(2)()pd]cl(2)().2h(2)()ocrystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group p2(1)/c with cell constan ...	1996	11666411
a new role for rnase ii in mrna decay: striking differences between rnase ii mutants and similarities with a strain deficient in rnase e.	the effect of escherichia coli ribonuclease ii and polynucleotide phosphorylase was analysed on the degradation of desulfovibrio vulgaris cytochrome c3 (cyc) mrna. in the absence of these exoribonucleolytic activities, cyc mrna was stabilised but the two enzymes had a different role in its decay. surprisingly, a temperature-sensitive mutation in ribonuclease ii gave a degradation pattern similar to what had been observed in the absence of endoribonuclease e activity. in an rnase ii deletion muta ...	1996	8978085
bidirectional transformation of aromatic aldehydes by desulfovibrio desulfuricans under nitrate-dissimilating conditions.	desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774 was screened for reactivity against aromatic compounds during lactate-dependent, nitrate-dissimilating growth. only aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, iso-vanillin and o-vanillin) were reactive and, with the exception of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, were stimulatory to lactate-dependent growth. aromatic aldehydes were transformed to their corresponding benzoate and benzyl alcohol deriva ...	1996	8936370
nmr studies of cooperativity in the tetrahaem cytochrome c3 from desulfovibrio vulgaris.	the thermodynamic properties of the desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough) tetrahaem cytochrome c3 (dvc3) are rationalised by a model which involves both homotropic (e-/e-) and heterotropic (e-/h+) cooperativity. the paramagnetic shifts of a methyl group from each haem of the dvc3 have been determined in each stage of oxidation at several ph values by means of two-dimensional exchange nmr. the thermodynamic parameters are obtained by fitting the model to the nmr data and to redox titrations foll ...	1996	8944758
overproduction of the rbo gene product from desulfovibrio species suppresses all deleterious effects of lack of superoxide dismutase in escherichia coli.	in an attempt to isolate the superoxide dismutase (sod) gene from the anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfoarculus baarsii, a dna fragment was isolated which functionally complemented an escherichia coli mutant (soda sodb) deficient in cytoplasmic sods. this region carries two open reading frames with sequences which are very similar to that of the rbo-rub operon from desulfovibrio vulgaris. independent expression of the rbo and rub genes from ptac showed that expression of rbo was respon ...	1996	8955290
nmr characterization and solution structure determination of the oxidized cytochrome c7 from desulfuromonas acetoxidans.	the solution structure of the three-heme electron transfer protein cytochrome c7 from desulfuromonas acetoxidans is reported. the determination of the structure is obtained through nmr spectroscopy on the fully oxidized, paramagnetic form. the richness of structural motifs and the presence of three prosthetic groups in a protein of 68 residues is discussed in comparison with the four-heme cytochromes c3 already characterized through x-ray crystallography. in particular, the orientation of the th ...	1996	8962062
structural origins of redox potentials in fe-s proteins: electrostatic potentials of crystal structures.	redox potentials often differ dramatically for homologous proteins that have identical redox centers. for two types of iron-sulfur proteins, the rubredoxins and the high-potential iron-sulfur proteins (hipips), no structural explanations for these differences have been found. we calculated the classical electrostatic potential at the redox site using static crystal structures of four rubredoxins and four hipips to identify important structural determinants of their redox potentials. the contribu ...	1996	8968568
the cumulative electrostatic effect of aromatic stacking interactions and the negative electrostatic environment of the flavin mononucleotide binding site is a major determinant of the reduction potential for the flavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris [hildenborough].	flavodoxins are typified by the very low one-electron reduction potential for the semiquinone/hydroquinone couple (esq/hq) of the flavin mononucleotide (fmn) cofactor. in the desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin, the elimination of the side chain of tyr98, which flanks the outer or si face of the flavin, through the y98a mutation results in a substantial increase in esq/hq of 139 mv, representing about one-half of the total shift in esq/hq in this flavodoxin [swenson, r. p., & krey, g. d. (1994) bi ...	1996	8973168
electron-dense granules in desulfovibrio gigas do not consist of inorganic triphosphate but of a glucose pentakis(diphosphate).	under certain growth conditions the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfovibrio gigas forms electron-dense granules in the cells which had been claimed to consist of a magnesium triphosphate). we observed granules after cultivation in media with a low fe2+ or nh4+ concentration and reinvestigated the nature of the electron-dense bodies. energy-dispersive x-ray analysis of the granules in the cells showed that they contain large amounts of p, mg, and k. gel electrophoresis and chromatographic analys ...	1996	8973651
characterization of partial anaerobic metabolic pathway for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene degradation by a sulfate-reducing bacterial consortium.	the anaerobic degradative pathway for metabolism of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) by a consortium of desulfovibrio spp. isolated from a creek sediment was studied. this consortium has the metabolic capability to degrade tnt to fatty acids. the growth of the consortium and the metabolism of tnt were greatly enhanced in the presence of an additional carbon source like pyruvate. the optimal concentration of pyruvate for the maximum rate of tnt degradation was 15-20 mm. various intermediates of tnt me ...	1996	8989860
evaluation of the electrostatic effect of the 5'-phosphate of the flavin mononucleotide cofactor on the oxidation--reduction potentials of the flavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough).	two mutants of the desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin, t12h and n14h, were generated which, for the first time, place a basic residue within the normally neutral 5'-phosphate binding loop of the flavin mononucleotide cofactor binding site found in all flavodoxins. these histidine residues were designed to form an ion pair with the dianionic 5'-phosphate, either altering its ionization state or offsetting its negative charge to allow evaluation of the magnitude of its electrostatic effect on the r ...	1996	8823179
the dcr gene family of desulfovibrio: implications from the sequence of dcrh and phylogenetic comparison with other mcp genes.	desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough contains a family of genes for methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (mcps). here we report the complete sequence of the gene for desulfovibrio chemoreceptor h (dcrh). the deduced amino acid sequence of dcrh protein, which has an enlarged n-terminal, ligand binding domain, indicates a structure similar to that of other mcps. comparison of the sequences for dcra, determined earlier, and dcrh indicated that similarity is essentially limited to the c-terminal exc ...	1996	8836438
transposon mutagenesis in desulfovibrio desulfuricans: development of a random mutagenesis tool from tn7.	the transposons tn5, tn7, tn9, and tn10 or their derivatives have been examined for transposition in the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfovibrio desulfuricans g20. tn7 inserted with a frequency of 10(-4) to 10(-3) into a unique attachment site that shows strong homology with those sites identified in other gram-negative bacteria. inactivation of the tnsd gene in tn7, encoding the function directing insertion into the unique site, yielded a derivative that transposed essentially randomly with a ...	1996	8837431
characterization of representative enzymes from a sulfate reducing bacterium implicated in the corrosion of steel.	this communication reports the isolation, purification and characterization of key enzymes involved in dissimilatory sulfate reduction of a sulfate reducing bacterium classified as desulfovibrio desulfuricans subspecies desulfuricans new jersey (ncimb 8313) (ddd nj). the chosen strain, originally recovered from a corroding cast iron heat exchanger, was grown in large scale batch cultures. physico-chemical and spectroscopic studies of the purified enzymes were carried out. these analyses revealed ...	1996	8619870
similarities in the architecture of the active sites of ni-hydrogenases and fe-hydrogenases detected by means of infrared spectroscopy.	three groups that absorb in the 2100-1800-cm-1 infrared spectral region have recently been detected in ni-hydrogenase from chromatium vinosum [bagley, k.a., duin, e.c., roseboom, w., albracht, s. p.j. & woodruff, w.h. (1995) biochemistry 34, 5527-5535]. to assess the significance and generality of this observation, we have carried out an infrared-spectroscopic study of eight hydrogenases of three different types (nickel, iron and metal-free) and of 11 other iron-sulfur and/or nickel proteins. in ...	1996	8647106
primary structure of desulfoferrodoxin from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774, a new class of non-heme iron proteins.	the primary structure of desulfoferrodoxin from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774, a redox protein with two mononuclear iron sites, was determined by automatic edman degradation and mass spectrometry of the composing peptides. it contains 125 amino acid residues of which five are cysteines. the first four, cys-9, cys-12, cys-28 and cys-29, are responsible for the binding of center i which has a distorted tetrahedral sulfur coordination similar to that found in desulforedoxin from d. gigas. ...	1996	8647238
new conformational properties induced by the replacement of tyr-64 in desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough ferricytochrome c553 using isotopic exchanges monitored by mass spectrometry.	in order to study the conformational stability induced by the replacement of tyr-64 in desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough (dvh) cytochrome c553, fast peptic digestion of deuterated protein followed by separation and measurement of related peptides using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was performed. we show that the h-bonding and/or solvent accessibility properties were modified by the single-site mutation. the mutant proteins can be classified into t ...	1996	8849688
activation and degradation of benzoate, 3-phenylpropionate and crotonate by syntrophus buswellii strain ga. evidence for electron-transport phosphorylation during crotonate respiration.	a strictly anaerobic, benzoate-degrading bacterium, syntrophus buswellii strain ga, was able to degrade benzoate or 3-phenylpropionate to acetate, co2 and h2, if the hydrogen partial pressure was sufficiently low. the hydrogen was removed in syntrophic coculture by methanospirillum hungatei or by desulfovibrio sp. through interspecies hydrogen transfer or in pure culture by the use of crotonate as reducible cosubstrate. alternatively, s. buswellii strain ga could grow in pure culture with croton ...	1996	8867639
electron transfer in tetrahemic cytochromes c3: spectroelectrochemical evidence for a conformational change triggered by heme iv reduction.	electron transfer in tetrahemic cytochromes c3 from desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough (d.v.h.) and desulfovibrio desulfuricans norway (d.d.n.) strains has been investigated by thin layer spectroelectrochemistry with visible absorption, cd, and resonance raman (rr) monitoring. the observed splitting of the isosbestic point in the soret absorption band indicates that the electron transfer from the (feiii)4 state to the (feii)4 state proceeds via an intermediate species, which corresponds to 25 ...	1996	8873609
rnase e can inhibit the decay of some degradation intermediates: degradation of desulfovibrio vulgaris cytochrome c3 mrna in e coli.	in escherichia coli, ribonuclease e (rnase e) is a key endonuclease in mrna decay. we have analysed the role of e coli rnase e on the degradation of a heterologous cytochrome c3 (cyc) mrna from desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough. the decay of the cyc transcript in wild-type and mutant e coli cells was followed and the degradation intermediates analysed by northern blotting and s1 protection analysis. the half-life of total cyc mrna intermediates was increased in the rnase e mutant. a number of ...	1996	8874797
hydrogen sulphide: a bacterial toxin in ulcerative colitis?		1996	8881797
physiologic studies with the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfovibrio desulfuricans: evaluation for use in a biofuel cell.	the growth kinetics of the sulfate-reducing bacteria desulfovibrio desulfuricans essex 6 was investigated under various conditions for potential use in a microbial fuel cell that recovers electrons generated from the reduction of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide. hydrogen sulfide was found to inhibit growth and decrease both the growth yields and the sulfate-specific reduction rate. hydrogen sulfide inhibition was direct, reversible, and not due to limitation by iron deficiency. a high initial lactat ...	1996	8882004
coinfection with intracellular desulfovibrio species and coccidia in ferrets with proliferative bowel disease.		1996	8905593
inhibition by iodoacetamide and acetylene of the h-d-exchange reaction catalyzed by thiocapsa roseopersicina hydrogenase.	the kinetics of h-d isotope exchange catalyzed by the thermostable hydrogenase from thiocapsa roseopersicina have been studied by analysis of the exchange between d2 and h2o. the ph dependence of the exchange reaction was examined between ph 2.5 and ph 11. over the whole ph range, hd was produced at a higher initial velocity than h2, with a marked optimum at ph 5.5; a second peak in the ph profile was observed at around ph 8.5. the rapid formation of h2 with respect to hd in the d2/h2o system is ...	1996	8917471
distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria in a stratified fjord (mariager fjord, denmark) as evaluated by most-probable-number counts and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of pcr-amplified ribosomal dna fragments.	the sulfate-reducing bacterial populations of a stratified marine water column, mariager fjord, denmark, were investigated by molecular and culture-dependent approaches in parallel. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of pcr-amplified 16s rrna and dna encoding rrna (rdna) isolated from the water column indicated specific bacterial populations in different water column layers and revealed a highly differentiated pattern of rrna- and rdna-derived pcr amplificates, probably reflecting ac ...	1996	8919802
degradation products of the cytochrome c3 mrna are similar in desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough and escherichia coli.	the transcription and mrna degradation pattern of a cloned desulfovibrio vulgaris (dv) hildenborough cytochrome c3-encoding gene (cyc) was analyzed in detail, both in escherichia coli and its native species. transcription in dv seems to be controlled by the same promoter elements as in e. coli; the transcription start point (tsp) of this dv gene has been mapped in both species and found to be identical. a major putative transcription terminator was mapped and it was found to be the same in both ...	1996	8921871
catalytic properties of adenylylsulfate reductase from desulfovibrio vulgaris miyazaki.	adenylylsulfate reductase (ec 1.8.99.2) isolated from desulfovibrio vulgaris miyazaki catalyzes electron transfer from dihydroflavin coenzyme (fadh2, fmnh2, or dihydroriboflavin) to adenylyl sulfate (aps), and catalyzes flavin-mediated oxidation of ferrocytochrome c3 with aps. the reaction with fad as an electron mediator was markedly stimulated in the presence of menadione. km of the enzyme was about 0.015 mm for riboflavin and fad in the presence of menadione. free flavin coenzyme was found to ...	1996	9116053
spin-spin interactions between the ni site and the [4fe-4s] centers as a probe of light-induced structural changes in active desulfovibrio gigas hydrogenase.	in typical nife hydrogenases like that from desulfovibrio gigas, the active state of the enzyme which is obtained by incubation under hydrogen gas gives a characteristic ni-c electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) signal at g = 2.19, 2.14, and 2.01. the ni-c species is light-sensitive, being converted upon illumination at temperatures below 100 k in a mixture of different ni-l species, the most important giving an epr signal at g = 2.30, 2.12, and 2.05. this photoprocess is considered to correspo ...	1996	8973216
the cytochrome c3 superfamily: amino acid sequence of a dimeric octahaem cytochrome c3 (m(r) 26,000) isolated from desulfovibrio gigas.	cytochrome c3 (m(r) 26000) isolated from desulfovibrio gigas is a dimeric cytochrome consisting of two identical subunits of 109 amino acids, each of which contains four haem groups. on the basis of its amino acid sequence, this cytochrome clearly belongs to the cytochrome c3 superfamily, and will be classified in class iii of the c-type cytochromes as defined by ambler [(1980) in from cyclotrons to cytochromes (robinson, a. b. and kaplan, n. o., eds.), pp. 263-279, academic press, london]. it c ...	1996	9003383
an nmr-derived model for the solution structure of oxidized thermotoga maritima 1[fe4-s4] ferredoxin.	the solution structure of the 60-residue 1[fe4-s4] ferredoxin from the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima was determined based on 683 distance and 35 dihedral angle restraints that were obtained from nmr data. in addition, data known from crystallographic studies of ferredoxins was used for modeling of the iron-sulfur cluster and its environment. the protein shows a globular fold very similar to the fold of the related 1[fe4-s4] ferredoxins from desulfovibrio gigas and desulfovibrio ...	1996	8647119
study of the new stability properties induced by amino acid replacement of tyrosine 64 in cytochrome c553 from desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.	hydrogen/deuterium exchange as well as charge state distribution monitored by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were demonstrated to be a powerful and effective new tool for probing conformational properties of proteins in solution. in this paper, the influence of single amino acid replacements on the global conformation of cytochrome c553 from desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough using isotopic exchange monitored by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is reported. based on their r ...	1996	8573183
regulation of the redox order of four hemes by ph in cytochrome c3 from d. vulgaris miyazaki f.	the assignment of 1h-nmr signals of the heme methyl and propionate groups of cytochrome c3 of d. vulgaris miyazaki f was performed. the heme assignment was revised for hemes 2 and 3 (sequential heme numbering). namely, heme 4 is mainly reduced at first with hemes 1, 2 and 3 following it in this order. the p2h titration of heme methyl signals in four macroscopic oxidation states was performed in the p2h range of 5.2 to 9.0. while the heme methyl resonances in the fully oxidized state showed just ...	1996	8652627
biochemical studies of the c-type cytochromes of the sulfate reducer desulfovibrio africanus. characterization of two tetraheme cytochromes c3 with different specificity.	three c-type cytochromes were isolated and characterized from the sulfate reducer desulfovibrio africanus. a basic tetraheme cytochrome c3 of molecular mass 16 kda was previously described and we have extended its characterization. two other c3-type cytochromes, not previously observed, have also been characterized. these include an acidic tetraheme cytochrome c3 of molecular mass 15 kda and an octaheme dimeric cytochrome c3 with a native size of 35 kda. this is the first report of the presence ...	1996	8573595
molecular characterization and transcriptional analysis of the putative hydrogenase gene of clostridium acetobutylicum atcc 824.	a 2.8-kbp dna region of clostridium acetobutylicum atcc 824 containing the putative hydrogenase gene (hyda) was cloned and sequenced. the 1,745-bp hyda encodes a 64,415-da protein and presents strong identity with the [fe] hydrogenase genes of desulfovibrio and clostridium species. the level of the putative hyda mrna was high in cells from an acidogenic or an alcohologenic phosphate-limited continuous culture, while it was comparatively very low in cells from a solventogenic phosphate-limited co ...	1996	8626337
kinetics and thermodynamics of the binding of riboflavin, riboflavin 5'-phosphate and riboflavin 3',5'-bisphosphate by apoflavodoxins.	the reactions of excess apoflavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris, anabaena variabilis and azotobacter vinelandii with riboflavin 5'-phosphate (fmn), riboflavin 3',5'-bisphosphate and riboflavin are pseudo-first-order. the rates increase with decreasing ph in the range ph 5-8, and, in general, they increase with increasing ionic strength to approach a maximum at an ionic strength greater than 0.4 m. the rate of fmn binding in phosphate at high ph increases to a maximum at an ionic strength of ab ...	1996	8611166
the structure of desulfovibrio vulgaris rubrerythrin reveals a unique combination of rubredoxin-like fes4 and ferritin-like diiron domains.	we have determined the structure of rubrerythrin, a non-haem iron protein from the anaerobic sulphate-reducing bacterium, desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough), by x-ray crystallography. the structure reveals a tetramer of two-domain subunits. each subunit contains a four-helix bundle surrounding a diiron-oxo site and a c-terminal rubredoxin-like fes4 domain. the diiron-oxo site contains a larger number of carboxylate ligands and a higher degree of solvent exposure than do those in other diiron ...	1996	8646540
heteronuclear relayed e.cosy applied to the determination of accurate 3j(hn,c') and 3j(h beta,c') coupling constants in desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin.	a simple constant-time 3d heteronuclear nmr pulse sequence has been developed to quantitatively determine the heteronuclear three-bond couplings 3j(hn,c') and 3j(h beta,c') in uniformly 13c-enriched proteins. the protocols for measuring accurate coupling constants are based on 1h,13c-heteronuclear relayed e.cosy [schmidt, j.m., ernst, r.r., aimoto, s. and kainosho, m. (1995) j. biomol. nmr, 6, 95-105] in combination with numerical least-squares spectrum evaluation. accurate coupling constants ar ...	1996	8616270
genetic control of the resistance to phage c1 of escherichia coli k-12.	escherichia coli k-12 lytic phage c1 was earlier isolated in our laboratory. its adsorption is controlled by at least three bacterial genes: dcra, dcrb, and btub. our results provide evidence that the dcra gene located at 60 min on the e. coli genetic map is identical to the sdac gene. this gene product is an inner membrane protein recently identified as a putative specific serine transporter. the dcrb gene, located at 76.5 min, encodes a 20-kda processed periplasmic protein, as determined by ma ...	1996	8752353
expression in escherichia coli and characterization of a reconstituted recombinant 7fe ferredoxin from desulfovibrio africanus.	desulfovibrio africanus ferredoxin iii is a monomeric protein (molecular mass of 6585 da) that contains one [3fe-4s]1+/0 and one [4fe-4s]2+/1+ cluster when isolated aerobically. the amino acid sequence consists of 61 amino acids, including seven cysteine residues that are all involved in co-ordination to the clusters. in order to isolate larger quantities of d. africanus ferredoxin iii, we have overexpressed it in escherichia coli by constructing a synthetic gene based on the amino acid sequence ...	1996	8660311
purification and characterization of the hydrogenase from thiobacillus ferrooxidans.	hydrogenase of thiobacillus ferrooxidans atcc 19859 was purified from cells grown lithoautotrophically with 80% hydrogen, 8.6% carbon dioxide, and 11.4% air. hydrogenase was located in the 140,000 x g supernatant in cell-free extracts. the enzyme was purified 7.3-fold after chromatography on procion red and q-sepharose with a yield of 19%, resulting in a 85% pure preparation with a specific activity of 6.0 u (mg protein)-1. with native page, a mol. mass of 100 and 200 kda was determined. with sd ...	1996	8661919
total synthesis of a miniferredoxin.	a miniferredoxin has been designed based on the desulfovibrio gigas ferredoxin ii structure and has been successfully synthesized. the 31 amino acid apoprotein was synthesized via standard fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis and in vitro cluster insertion carried out. the uv-visible spectrum of the miniferredoxin (peak at 300 nm and a shoulder at 405 nm) shows the same features as that of the d. gigas ferredoxin. cyclic voltammetry indicated a quasireversible electrode process with a midpoint pot ...	1996	8670287
tungsten in biological systems.	tungsten (atomic number 74) and the chemically analogous and very similar metal molybdenum (atomic number 42) are minor yet equally abundant elements on this planet. the essential role of molybdenum in biology has been known for decades and molybdoenzymes are ubiquitous. yet, it is only recently that a biological role for tungsten has been established in prokaryotes, although not as yet in eukaryotes. the best characterized organisms with regard to their metabolism of tungsten are certain specie ...	1996	8672295
nmr studies of flavoproteins.		1996	8674598
regulation of the redox potentials of flavodoxins: modification of the flavin binding.		1996	8674606
the effects of ph on the absorption spectrum of the hydroquinone of flavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris.		1996	8674675
the redox potentials of flavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris and ferredoxin-nadp+ reductase from spinacia oleracea and their complexes.		1996	8674686
reaction of apoflavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris with 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid).		1996	8674695
nmr investigation of the solution conformation of oxidized flavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris. determination of the tertiary structure and detection of protein-bound water molecules.	desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin has been investigated with a combination of homo- and hetero-nuclear two-dimensional and three-dimensional nmr spectroscopy. the analysis of noe, hydrogen exchange and j-coupling data led to a set of 1349 noe, 63 hydrogen bond and 109 backbone phi-angle restraints which were used to determine the solution structure of the oxidized flavodoxin applying the distance geometry program diana combined with restrained energy minimization methods. flavodoxin in solution ...	1996	8681954
sulfonates: novel electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration.	the enrichment and isolation in pure culture of a bacterium, identified as a strain of desulfovibrio, able to release and reduce the sulfur of isethionate (2-hydroxyethanesulfonate) and other sulfonates to support anaerobic respiratory growth, is described. the sulfonate moiety was the source of sulfur that served as the terminal electron acceptor, while the carbon skeleton of isethionate functioned as an accessory electron donor for the reduction of sulfite. cysteate (alanine-3-sulfonate) and s ...	1996	8703197
degradative capacities and 16s rrna-targeted whole-cell hybridization of sulfate-reducing bacteria in an anaerobic enrichment culture utilizing alkylbenzenes from crude oil.	a mesophilic sulfate-reducing enrichment culture growing anaerobically on crude oil was used as a model system to study which nutritional types of sulfate-reducing bacteria may develop on original petroleum constituents in oil wells, tanks, and pipelines. chemical analysis of oil hydrocarbons during growth revealed depletion of toluene and o-xylene within 1 month and of m-xylene, o-ethyltoluene, m-ethyltoluene, m-propyltoluene, and m-isopropyltoluene within approximately 2 months. in anaerobic c ...	1996	8837415
dissimilatory sulfite reductase revisited. the desulfoviridin molecule does contain 20 iron ions, extensively demetallated sirohaem, and an s = 9/2 iron-sulfur cluster.	assimilatory sulfite reductase contains a sirohaem that is very weakly coupled to a [4fe-4s] cubane, i.e. five iron atoms in total. dissimilatory sulfite reductase is a complex system with 20 fe atoms/alpha 2 beta 2 gamma 2 hexamer. a recent revision of the purification procedure for the desulfovibrio vulgaris dissimilatory enzyme has afforded a preparation of only 10 fe atoms hexamer, this has led to the convulsion that the topology of prosthetic groups parallels that of the assimilatory system ...	1996	8706673
crystal structure of flavodoxin from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774 in two oxidation states.	the crystal structures of the flavodoxin from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774 have been determined and refined for both oxidized and semi-reduced forms to final crystallographic r-factors of 17.9% (0.8-0.205-nm resolution) and 19.4% (0.8-0.215-nm resolution) respectively. native flavodoxin crystals were grown from ammonium sulfate with cell constants a = b = 9.59 nm, c=3.37nm (oxidized crystals) and they belong to space group p3(2)21. semireduced crystals showed some changes in cell dimen ...	1996	8706707
structural and functional characterization of cytochrome c3 from d. desulfuricans atcc 27774 by 1h-nmr.	cooperativity between redox and protonation centres is known to be crucial for the function of complex proteins, but it is often difficult to describe in terms of thermodynamic parameters. cytochrome c3 is a good model for these studies since, while retaining the overall complexity of larger systems, it is suitable for detailed crystallographic and spectroscopic studies. assignment of the haem substituent nmr resonances, together with nmr redox titrations of cytochrome c3 from d. desulfuricans a ...	1996	8706829
characterization of sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from oil-field waters.	the occurrence and metabolic capacities of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) were studied in 23 water samples taken from producing wells at 14 different sites. oil fields in france, the north sea, and the gulf of guinea were selected and classified according to physicochemical parameters (salinity ranging from 0.3 to 120 g.l-1 and temperature between 29 and 85 degrees c). after the distribution of srb within oil fields was studied, several strains of srb were isolated and characterized metabolical ...	1996	8868233
nitrite reductase from desulfovibrio desulfuricans (atcc 27774)--a heterooligomer heme protein with sulfite reductase activity.	the membrane bound cytochrome c nitrite reductase from the sulfate reducer desulfovibrio desulfuricans (atcc 27774) was found to have a high specific activity in the reduction of sulfite, producing stoichiometric amounts of sulfide. the k(m) for sulfite in the mv+.:sulfite oxidoreductase assay is 0.75 mm, and the specific activity 2.06 mumolh2/min/mg. visible and epr spectroscopies studies indicate that the enzyme high-spin heme reacts with sulfite in the oxidised state, and that sulfide partial ...	1996	8713097
1h nmr investigation of the secondary structure, tertiary contacts and cluster environment of the four-iron ferredoxin from the hyperthermophilic archaeon thermococcus litoralis.	the solution molecular structure of the four-iron ferredoxin (fd) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon thermococcus litoralis (tl) has been investigated by 1h nmr spectroscopy. tocsy and noesy experiments in h2o, tailored to detect both weakly and strongly relaxed resonances, together with steady-state noes in both h2o and d2o, allowed the identification of 58 of the 59 residues, with one residue near the paramagnetic center undetected. it is shown that the contact shifted and strongly relaxed si ...	1996	8720830
crystal structure of a dimeric octaheme cytochrome c3 (m(r) 26,000) from desulfovibrio desulfuricans norway.	the octaheme cytochrome c3 (m(r) 26,000; cc3) from desulfovibrio desulfuricans norway is a dimeric cytochrome made up of two identical subunits, each containing four heme groups. it is involved in the redox transfer chain of sulfate-reducing bacteria, which links the periplasmic oxidation of hydrogen to the cytoplasmic reduction of sulfate. the amino-acid sequence of cc3 shows similarities to that of the tetraheme cytochrome c3 (m(r) 13,000; c3) from the same bacteria. structural analysis of cc3 ...	1996	8740362
molecular identification of bacteria from a coculture by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16s ribosomal dna fragments as a tool for isolation in pure cultures.	molecular information about the bacterial composition of a coculture capable of sulfate reduction after exposure to oxic and microoxic conditions was used to identify and subsequently to isolate the components of the mixture in pure culture. pcr amplification of 16s ribosomal dna fragments from the coculture, analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, resulted in two distinct 16s ribosomal dna bands, indicating two different bacterial components. sequencing showed that the bands were d ...	1996	8900013
preliminary crystallographic analysis of the oxidized form of a two mono-nuclear iron centres protein from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774.	crystals of the fully oxidized form of desulfoferrodoxin were obtained by vapor diffusion from a solution containing 20% peg 4000, 0.1 m hepes buffer, ph 7.5, and 0.2 m cacl2. trigonal and/or rectangular prisms could be obtained, depending on the temperature used for the crystal growth. trigonal prisms belong to the rhombohedral space group r32, with a = 112.5 a and c = 63.2 a; rectangular prisms belong to the monoclinic space group c2, with a = 77.7 a, b = 80.9 a, c = 53.9 a, and beta = 98.1 de ...	1996	8762151
investigation of oxidation state-dependent conformational changes in desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough cytochrome c553 by two-dimensional h-nmr spectra.	two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2d-nmr) was used to assign the proton resonances of ferricytochrome c553 from desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough. the spin systems of 76 out of 79 amino acids were identified by j-correlation spectroscopy (cosy and hohaha) in h20 and d20 and correlated by nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (noesy). the proton chemical shifts are compared in both oxidized and reduced states of the protein at 23 degrees c and ph 5.9. chemical shift var ...	1996	8766830
properties of xanthine dehydrogenase variants from rosy mutant strains of drosophila melanogaster and their relevance to the enzyme's structure and mechanism.	xanthine dehydrogenase, a molybdenum, iron-sulfur flavoenzyme encoded in the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster by the rosy gene, has been characterised both from the wild-type and mutant files. enzyme assays, using a variety of different oxidising and reducing substrates were supplemented by limited molecular characterisation. four rosy strains showed no detectable activity in any enzyme assay tried, whereas from four wild-type and three rosy mutant strains, those for the [e89k], [l127f] and [l1 ...	1996	8774727
identification and characterization of [fe]-hydrogenases in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis.		1996	8920017
desulfovibrio gabonensis sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from an oil pipeline.	two moderately halophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria were isolated from an african oil pipeline and designated strains sebr 3640 and sebr 2840t (t = type strain). both of these strains possess traits that define the genus desulfovibrio. the cells of both isolates were motile curved rods that had a single polar flagellum and contained desulfoviridin, and both isolates utilized lactate, pyruvate, malate, fumarate, succinate, and ethanol in the presence of sulfate. sulfite, thiosulfate, and elementa ...	1996	8782680
probable new species of desulfovibrio isolated from a pyogenic liver abscess.	a fastidious, slowly growing, spiral gram-negative bacterium was isolated from the liver abscess of an 82-year-old man with a 3-week history of febrile illness. the organism was an obligate anaerobe that grew at 37 and 42 degrees c but not at 25 degrees c. its vibrioid or spiral morphology on gram staining, rapid progressive motility, electron micrograph features, and biochemical tests were all consistent with the organism belonging to the genus desulfovibrio. 16s rrna gene sequencing of this or ...	1996	8784584
1h and 15n nmr resonance assignments and solution secondary structure of oxidized desulfovibrio desulfuricans flavodoxin.	sequence-specific 1h and 15n resonance assignments have been made for 137 of the 146 nonprolyl residues in oxidized desulfovibrio desulfuricans [essex 6] flavodoxin. assignments were obtained by a concerted analysis of the heteronuclear three-dimensional 1h-15n noesy-hmqc and tocsy-hmqc data sets, recorded on uniformly 15n-enriched protein at 300 k. numerous side-chain resonances have been partially or fully assigned. residues with overlapping 1hn chemical shifts were resolved by a three-dimensi ...	1996	8785498
population dynamics of propionate-oxidizing bacteria under methanogenic and sulfidogenic conditions in anaerobic granular sludge.	laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge-bed reactors were inoculated with industrial granular sludge and fed with either propionate or propionate and sulfate. the population dynamics of the propionate-oxidizing bacteria desulfobulbus sp. and the syntrophically growing strain syn7 were studied in reactors by dot blot and in situ hybridization with 16s rrna-based oligonucleotide probes.	1996	8787413
intraspecies variability of cellular fatty acids among soil and intestinal strains of desulfovibrio desulfuricans.	a comparison of cellular fatty acid profiles of desulfovibrio desulfuricans dsm 642 and 14 wild strains of this species, isolated from two completely different environments, soil and the human intestine, was carried out. all the d. desulfuricans strains grown on lactate and sulfate indicated the presence of considerable amounts of i-c15:0, i-c17:1 and c16:0. although differences in the quantities of individual fatty acids present in each strain were clear in the group of soil strains (similarity ...	1996	8795227
rubrerythrin from clostridium perfringens: cloning of the gene, purification of the protein, and characterization of its superoxide dismutase function.	the food-borne pathogen clostridium perfringens, which is an obligate anaerobe, showed growth under conditions of oxidative stress. in protein extracts we looked for superoxide dismutase (sod) activities which might scavenge highly toxic superoxide radicals evolving under such stress conditions. using the classical assay to detect sod activity on gels after electrophoresis of c. perfringens proteins, we obtained a pattern of three major bands indicating sod activity. the protein representing the ...	1996	8955396
cloning, expression, and sequence analysis of the three genes encoding quinoline 2-oxidoreductase, a molybdenum-containing hydroxylase from pseudomonas putida 86.	the three genes coding for quinoline 2-oxidoreductase (qor) of pseudomonas putida 86 were cloned and sequenced. the qor genes are clustered in the transcriptional order medium (m) small (s), large (l) and code for three subunits of 288 (qorm), 168 (qors), and 788 (qorl) amino acids, respectively. formation of active quinoline 2-oxidoreductase and degradation of quinoline occurred in a recombinant p. putida kt2440 clone. the amino acid sequences of qor show significant homology to various prokary ...	1996	8798497
redox properties of cytochrome c nitrite reductase from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774.	the dissimilatory nitrite reductase from desulfovibrio desulfuricans atcc 27774 catalyzes the reduction of nitrite to ammonia. previous spectroscopic investigation revealed that it is a hexaheme cytochrome containing one high spin ferric heme and five low spin ferric hemes in the oxidized enzyme. the current study uses the high resolution of mössbauer spectroscopy to obtain redox properties of the six heme groups. correlating the mössbauer findings with the epr data reveals the pairwise spin-spi ...	1996	8798514
interactions of 77se and 13co with nickel in the active site of active f420-nonreducing hydrogenase from methanococcus voltae.	the selenium-containing f420-nonreducing hydrogenase from methanococcus voltae was prepared in the nia(i) middle dotco state. the effect of illumination on this light-sensitive species was studied. epr studies were carried out with enzyme containing natural selenium or with enzyme enriched in 77se. samples were prepared with either co or 13co. in the nia(i) middle dotco state, the nuclear spins of both 77se (i = 1/2) and 13c (i = 1/2) interacted with the nickel-based unpaired electron, suggestin ...	1996	8798608
a structure-based catalytic mechanism for the xanthine oxidase family of molybdenum enzymes.	the crystal structure of the xanthine oxidase-related molybdenum-iron protein aldehyde oxido-reductase from the sulfate reducing anaerobic gram-negative bacterium desulfovibrio gigas (mop) was analyzed in its desulfo-, sulfo-, oxidized, reduced, and alcohol-bound forms at 1.8-a resolution. in the sulfo-form the molybdenum molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide cofactor has a dithiolene-bound fac-[mo, = o, = s, ---(oh2)] substructure. bound inhibitory isopropanol in the inner compartment of the subs ...	1996	8799115
cytochrome c3 from desulfovibrio gigas: crystal structure at 1.8 a resolution and evidence for a specific calcium-binding site.	crystals of the tetraheme cytochrome c3 from sulfate-reducing bacteria desulfovibrio gigas (dg) (mw 13 kda, 111 residues, four heme groups) were obtained and x-ray diffraction data collected to 1.8 a resolution. the structure was solved by the method of molecular replacement and the resulting model refined to a conventional r-factor of 14.9%. the three-dimensional structure shows many similarities to other known crystal structures of tetraheme c3 cytochromes, but it also shows some remarkable di ...	1996	8819167
comparison of low oxidoreduction potential cytochrome c553 from desulfovibrio vulgaris with the class i cytochrome c family.	the cytochrome c553 from desulfovibrio vulgaris (dvh c553) is of importance in the understanding of the relationship of structure and function of cytochrome c due to its lack of sequence homology with other cytochromes, and its abnormally low oxido-reduction potential. in evolutionary terms, this protein also represents an important reference point for the understanding of both bacterial and mitochondrial cytochromes c. using the recently determined nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) structure of ...	1996	8820485
characterization of microbial communities in anaerobic bioreactors using molecular probes.	the microbial community structure of twenty-one single-phase and one two-phase full-scale anaerobic sewage sludge digesters was evaluated using oligonucleotide probes complementary to conserved tracts of the 16s rrnas of phylogenetically defined groups of methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria. these probe results were interpreted in combination with results from traditional chemical analyses and metabolic activity assays. it was determined that methanogens in "healthy" mesophilic, single-pha ...	1995	8821785
[isolation and reassociation of acetogen and methanogen in a syntrophobic coculture degrading butyrate anaerobically].	anaerobic coculture bf2 which degraded butyrate into acetate and produced methane was isolated from granular methanogenic sludge. the coculture is associated syntrophically the syntrophomonas subsp. saponavida strain cf2 with methanobacterium formicicum strain mf2 and appeared to degraded c4 approximately c18 fatty acids including isobutyrate. the optimal temperature and ph for growth was 37 degrees c and 7.7 respectively. the strain cf2 was obtained in pure culture with crotonate as substrate a ...	1995	8745550
biodegradation of nitroaromatic compounds.	nitroaromatic compounds are released into the biosphere almost exclusively from anthropogenic sources. some compounds are produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels; others are used as synthetic intermediates, dyes, pesticides, and explosives. recent research revealed a number of microbial systems capable of transforming or biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds. anaerobic bacteria can reduce the nitro group via nitroso and hydroxylamino intermediates to the corresponding amines. isolates o ...	1995	8561470
establishing isostructural metal substitution in metalloproteins using 1h nmr, circular dichroism, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.	far-uv cd, 1h-nmr, and fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy are three of the most commonly used methods for the determination of protein secondary structure composition. these methods are compared and evaluated as a means of establishing isostructural metal substitution in metalloproteins, using the crystallographically defined rubredoxin from desulfovibrio gigas and its well-characterized cadmium derivative as a model system. it is concluded that analysis of the ftir spectrum of the p ...	1995	8520483
molecular properties of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase from desulfovibrio desulfuricans (essex) and comparison with the enzyme from desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough).	the dissimilatory sulfite reductase desulfoviridin was purified from the membrane (msir) and the soluble fraction (ssir) of the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfovibrio desulfuricans (essex). molecular and spectroscopic properties were determined and compared with the properties of the soluble desulfoviridin from desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough). the enzymes were isolated as alpha 2 beta 2 gamma n (n = 1-3) multimers with a relative molecular mass of 200 +/- 10 (gel filtration). both msir ...	1995	8521853
sulfate-reducing bacteria in the periodontal pocket.	this report is the first to describe the occurrence of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the human mouth. samples of subgingival dental plaque were examined for the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria. using enrichment cultures, sulfate-reducing bacteria were detected in 25 (58%) of 43 individuals, and in 39 (48%) of the 82 samples. pure isolates of sulfate-reducing bacteria, obtained from a limited number of enrichment cultures, belonged to the genera desulfobacter and desulfovibrio. these genera ...	1995	8596671
(h)ncaha and (h)cannh experiments for the determination of the vicinal coupling constants related to the phi-torsion angle.	a set of three-dimensional triple-resonance experiments is described which provide 3j(hnhalpha), 3j(hnco), 3j(hncbeta) and 3j(halphaco) coupling constants. the pulse sequences generate e.cosy-like multiplet patterns and comprise a magnetization transfer from the amide proton to the alpha-proton or vice versa via the directly bound heteronuclei. for residues with the 1h(alph) spin resonating close to the h2o signal, a modified hnca experiment can be employed to measure the vicinal 1h(n),1h(alpha) ...	1995	7881271
purification and characterization of the formate dehydrogenase from desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough.	formate dehydrogenase from desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough, a sulfate-reducing bacterium, has been isolated and characterized. the enzyme is composed of three subunits. a high molecular mass subunit (83,500 da) is proposed to contain a molybdenum cofactor, a 27,000 da subunit is found to be similar to the fe-s subunit of the formate dehydrogenase from escherichia coli and a low molecular mass subunit (14,000 da) holds a c-type heme. the presence of heme c in formate dehydrogenase is reporte ...	1995	8566699
identity and interactions of rumen microbes associated with dietary sulfate-induced polioencephalomalacia in cattle.	to study their role in sulfate reduction, anaerobic bacteria were cultured from rumen fluid samples of cattle fed high-carbohydrate, short-fiber diets with and without added sulfate. the steers fed the diet with added sulfate developed polioencephalomalacia. microbiological methods included colony type profiles, molybdate sensitivity, presence of desulfoviridin, sulfate reduction rates of pure and mixed cultures, and incubation time effects on sulfate reduction. colony-type profiles indicated de ...	1995	8928959
application of antisera raised against sulfate-reducing bacteria for indirect immunofluorescent detection of immunoreactive bacteria in sediment from the german baltic sea.	polyclonal rabbit antisera raised against sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) could detect several distinct populations of bacteria in sediment from the german baltic sea. the depth distribution of immunoreactive bacteria was determined by an indirect immunofluorescence filter method. anti-desulfovibrio desulfuricans dsm 1926 serum showed maximum bacterial numbers at a depth of 18 cm, with a concentration of 60 x 10(6) cells cm-3. with anti-desulfovibrio baculatus dsm 2555 serum, counts were highest ...	1995	7574651
characterization of a ferredoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough) that interacts with rna.	the purification and characterization of a ferredoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris (hildenborough) is described. the protein can be isolated in two forms; the major form is strongly complexed to rna, while a minor form is free from nucleic acid. bound rna cannot be removed by digestion with nucleases, or by heating to 70 degrees c, and it can only be partially removed by rechromatography. the ultraviolet/visible spectrum shows typical absorption maxima at 280 nm and 400 nm for the rna-free ferred ...	1995	7543409