Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| intestinal carriage of carbapenemase-producing organisms: current status of surveillance methods. | carbapenemases have become a significant mechanism for broad-spectrum β-lactam resistance in enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacteria such as pseudomonas and acinetobacter spp. intestinal carriage of carbapenemase-producing organisms (cpos) is an important source of transmission. isolation of carriers is one strategy that can be used to limit the spread of these bacteria. in this review, we critically examine the clinical performance, advantages, and disadvantages of methods available ... | 2015 | 26511484 |
| influx of multidrug-resistant organisms by country-to-country transfer of patients. | multidrug-resistant organisms (mdro) are a worldwide problem. international migration and travel facilitate the spread of mdro. therefore the goal of our study was to assess the risk of influx of mdro from patients transferred to one of central europe's largest hospitals from abroad. | 2015 | 26508038 |
| light-driven biocatalytic reduction of α,β-unsaturated compounds by ene reductases employing transition metal complexes as photosensitizers. | efficient and cost effective nicotinamide cofactor regeneration is essential for industrial-scale bio-hydrogenations employing flavin-containing biocatalysts such as the old yellow enzymes. a direct flavin regeneration system using visible light to initiate a photoredox cycle and drive biocatalysis is described, and shown to be effective in driving biocatalytic activated alkene reduction. using ru(ii) or ir(iii) complexes as photosensitizers, coupled with an electron transfer mediator (methyl vi ... | 2015 | 27019691 |
| light-driven biocatalytic reduction of α,β-unsaturated compounds by ene reductases employing transition metal complexes as photosensitizers. | efficient and cost effective nicotinamide cofactor regeneration is essential for industrial-scale bio-hydrogenations employing flavin-containing biocatalysts such as the old yellow enzymes. a direct flavin regeneration system using visible light to initiate a photoredox cycle and drive biocatalysis is described, and shown to be effective in driving biocatalytic activated alkene reduction. using ru(ii) or ir(iii) complexes as photosensitizers, coupled with an electron transfer mediator (methyl vi ... | 2015 | 27019691 |
| length of preoperative hospital stay: a risk factor for reducing surgical infection in femoral fracture cases. | to analyze infections of the surgical site among patients undergoing clean-wound surgery for correction of femoral fractures. | 2015 | 27218074 |
| clinical characteristics and treatment of extremity chronic osteomyelitis in southern china: a retrospective analysis of 394 consecutive patients. | although extremity chronic osteomyelitis is common in china, updated data were still limited regarding its characterizations. the present study aimed to review clinical features of extremity chronic osteomyelitis in southern china.a retrospective analysis was conducted in the patients who had sought medical attention from january 2010 to april 2015 for extremity chronic osteomyelitis in nanfang hospital in southern china. clinical data were collected and analyzed.a total of 394 patients (307 mal ... | 2015 | 26496345 |
| fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms and population structure of enterobacter cloacae non-susceptible to ertapenem in north-eastern france. | fluoroquinolone (fq) agents are a potential resort to treat infection due to enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum β-lactamase and susceptible to fq. in a context of increase of non-susceptibility to carbapenems among enterobacteriaceae, we characterized fq resistance mechanisms in 75 enterobacter cloacae isolates non-susceptible to ertapenem in north-eastern france in 2012 and describe the population structure by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and multi-locus sequence typing ( ... | 2015 | 26557115 |
| [bacteriological characteristics of the peritoneal dialysis fluid infections]. | 2015 | 26893796 | |
| analysis of glycosylated hemoglobin (hba1c) level on maxillofacial fascial space infection in diabetic patients. | this study was performed to evaluate the impact of glycosylated hemoglobin (hba1c) level on characteristics and prognosis of maxillofacial fascial infection in diabetic patients. | 2015 | 26568927 |
| assessment of the antimicrobial activity of algae extracts on bacteria responsible of external otitis. | external otitis is a diffuse inflammation around the external auditory canal and auricle, which is often occurred by microbial infection. this disease is generally treated using antibiotics, but the frequent occurrence of antibiotic resistance requires the development of new antibiotic agents. in this context, unexplored bioactive natural candidates could be a chance for the production of targeted drugs provided with antimicrobial activity. in this paper, microbial pathogens were isolated from p ... | 2015 | 26492256 |
| structural insights into the mmachc-mmadhc protein complex involved in vitamin b12 trafficking. | conversion of vitamin b12 (cobalamin, cbl) into the cofactor forms methyl-cbl (mecbl) and adenosyl-cbl (adocbl) is required for the function of two crucial enzymes, mitochondrial methylmalonyl-coa mutase and cytosolic methionine synthase, respectively. the intracellular proteins mmachc and mmadhc play important roles in processing and targeting the cbl cofactor to its destination enzymes, and recent evidence suggests that they may interact while performing these essential trafficking functions. ... | 2015 | 26483544 |
| synthesis and evaluation of biological activity of antimicrobial--pro-proliferative peptide conjugates. | skin represents the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in its protection from the negative impact of the outside environment, maintains its homeostasis, enables sensory interaction and thermoregulation. the traumatized skin tissue undergoes several phenotype switches due to progressive reoxygenation and release of cytokine and growth factors, that activate mechanisms of reparative processes. however, in case of wounds colonized with pathogenic microflora natural regenerativ ... | 2015 | 26473368 |
| pathogen distribution and drug resistance in a burn ward: a three-year retrospective analysis of a single center in china. | to investigate the spread of multiple-resistant strain in a burn ward to inform clinical administration of antibiotic drugs, burn wound treatment and decision-making for infection control. a 3-year retrospective analysis was conducted. specimens from wounds, blood, catheter, sputum, urine and stool collected from inpatients of the second affiliated hospital of zhejiang university of medicine between january 1, 2011 and december 31, 2013 were cultured and strains were identified by automatic bact ... | 2015 | 26770555 |
| chemical conjugation of 2-hexadecynoic acid to c5-curcumin enhances its antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. | the first total synthesis of a c5-curcumin-2-hexadecynoic acid (c5-curc-2-hda, 6) conjugate was successfully performed. through a three-step synthetic route, conjugate 6 was obtained in 13% overall yield and tested for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) strains. our results revealed that 6 was active against eight mrsa strains at mics that range between 31.3 and 62.5 μg/ml. it was found that the presence of 2-hexadecynoic acid (2-hda, 4) in conjugat ... | 2015 | 26483137 |
| recent advances in engineering topography mediated antibacterial surfaces. | the tendency of bacterial cells to adhere and colonize a material surface leading to biofilm formation is a fundamental challenge underlying many different applications including microbial infections associated with biomedical devices and products. although, bacterial attachment to surfaces has been extensively studied in the past, the effect of surface topography on bacteria-material interactions has received little attention until more recently. we review the recent progress in surface topogra ... | 2015 | 26372264 |
| sepsis in hemodialysis patients. | bacterial infections are very common in end stage renal disease (esrd) patients. the diagnosis of sepsis in such patients is often challenging and requires a high index of suspicion. the aim of this study is to report on a series of patient with esrd on hemodialysis (hd) diagnosed with sepsis. | 2015 | 26467100 |
| clinical severity of pediatric respiratory illness with enterovirus d68 compared with rhinovirus or other enterovirus genotypes. | enterovirus d68 (ev-d68) resulted in a reported increase in the number of children needing hospital or critical care admission because of respiratory insufficiency during 2014. it remains unclear, however, whether ev-d68 infections were more severe than rhinovirus or non-ev-d68 enterovirus infections. | 2015 | 26464137 |
| clinical outcomes associated with polymyxin b dose in patients with bloodstream infections due to carbapenem-resistant gram-negative rods. | there is significant variation in the use of polymyxin b (pmb), and optimal dosing has not been defined. the purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between pmb dose and clinical outcomes. we included patients with bloodstream infections (bsis) due to carbapenem-resistant gram-negative rods who received ≥48 h of intravenous pmb. the objective was to evaluate the association between pmb dose and 30-day mortality, clinical cure at day 7, and development of acute kidney ... | 2015 | 26324272 |
| emergence of raoultella ornithinolytica coproducing imp-4 and kpc-2 carbapenemases in china. | we report here the emergence of seven imp-4-producing raoultella ornithinolytica isolates obtained from one patient. all isolates carried the blaimp-4 carbapenemase gene, five isolates also carried blashv-12, four contained blatem-1, and one contained blaoxa-1. notably, the r. ornithinolytica isolate ro25724 also expressed klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-2. the blakpc-2 gene was located on a tn3-tn4401 integration structure on a plasmid of ∼450 kb. this is the first description of the ... | 2015 | 26282422 |
| dissemination of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa in romania. | fifteen carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates and 12 carbapenemase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were recovered from patients hospitalized between august 2011 and march 2013 at the hospital of infectious disease, cluj-napoca, romania. one kpc-, nine ndm-1-, four oxa-48-, and one vim-4-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates along with 11 vim-2-producing and one imp-13-producing p. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from clinical samples. all carbapenemase genes were locat ... | 2015 | 26303798 |
| outbreak caused by enterobacteriaceae harboring ndm-1 metallo-β-lactamase carried in an incfii plasmid in a tertiary care hospital in mexico city. | carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae carrying new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (ndm-1) have rarely been reported in latin america. we report of an outbreak caused by a blandm-1-harboring plasmid spread through different bacterial species, including escherichia coli (st617) and enterobacter cloacae (st182) isolates from the same patient and three klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (st22) derived from three epidemiologically related patients. incfii plasmids were found in all strains. measures to co ... | 2015 | 26282410 |
| antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties of extracts of the mediterranean parasitic plant cytinus hypocistis. | cytinus is an endophytic parasitic plant occurring in south africa, madagascar, and in the mediterranean region. we have extracted the inflorescences (the only visible part of the plant, emerging from the host roots at the time of blossom) of cytinus hypocistis collected in sardinia, italy, and explored the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and cytotoxic activities of the extracts. | 2015 | 26462912 |
| clinical management of resistance evolution in a bacterial infection: a case study. | we report the case of a patient with a chronic bacterial infection that could not be cured. drug treatment became progressively less effective due to antibiotic resistance, and the patient died, in effect from overwhelming evolution. even though the evolution of drug resistance was recognized as a major threat, and the fundamentals of drug resistance evolution are well understood, it was impossible to make evidence-based decisions about the evolutionary risks associated with the various treatmen ... | 2015 | 26454762 |
| could cd64 expression be used as a predictor of positive culture results in children with febrile neutropenia? | early recognition of infectious processes in neutropenic patients is hampered by the fact that these processes may have dissimilar and non-specific clinical presentations. cd64 is a neutrophil surface marker that is not expressed in non-sensitized neutrophils. when the neutrophil is exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha it is activated and is measured via the cd64 index. | 2015 | 26670402 |
| correction: new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1(ndm-1), the dominant carbapenemase detected in carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae from henan province, china. | 2015 | 26452278 | |
| cytotoxic activity and antiproliferative effects of crude skin secretion from physalaemus nattereri (anura: leptodactylidae) on in vitro melanoma cells. | anuran secretions are rich sources of bioactive molecules, including antimicrobial and antitumoral compounds. the aims of this study were to investigate the therapeutic potential of physalaemus nattereri skin secretion against skin cancer cells, and to assess its cytotoxic action mechanisms on the murine melanoma cell line b16f10. our results demonstrated that the crude secretion reduced the viability of b16f10 cells, causing changes in cell morphology (e.g., round shape and structure shrinkage) ... | 2015 | 26457717 |
| chitosan and its potential use as a scaffold for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. | tissue engineering is an important therapeutic strategy to be used in regenerative medicine in the present and in the future. functional biomaterials research is focused on the development and improvement of scaffolding, which can be used to repair or regenerate an organ or tissue. scaffolds are one of the crucial factors for tissue engineering. scaffolds consisting of natural polymers have recently been developed more quickly and have gained more popularity. these include chitosan, a copolymer ... | 2015 | 26504833 |
| factors associated to prevalence and incidence of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae fecal carriage: a cohort study in a mexican tertiary care hospital. | carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) infections have emerged as a serious threat to health worldwide. they are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and are capable of silently colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. because of this, there is great interest to characterize the epidemiology of cre carriage and acquisition in healthcare facilities. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with cre fecal carriage (cre-fc), and risk factors for ... | 2015 | 26431402 |
| isolation and identification of bacteria from paperboard food packaging. | paper and paperboard packaging play an important role in safety and quality of food products. common bacteria of paper and paperboard food packaging could grow due to specific conditions included humidity, temperature and major nutrition to contaminate the food. the purpose of this research was to investigate numbers and the types of bacteria in the food packaging paperboard. | 2015 | 26719786 |
| antibacterial activities of fagara macrophylla, canarium schweinfurthii, myrianthus arboreus, dischistocalyx grandifolius and tragia benthamii against multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria. | bacterial infections caused by multidrug resistant phenotypes constitute a worldwide health concern. the present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of five medicinal plants: fagara macrophylla, canarium schweinfurthii, myrianthus arboreus, dischistocalyx grandifolius and tragia benthamii against a panel of 28 multidrug resistant gram-negative bacterial strains. the liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory c ... | 2015 | 26543702 |
| risk factors for urinary tract infections in cardiac surgical patients. | risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (cautis) in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgical procedures have been well documented. however, the variables associated with cautis in the cardiac surgical population have not been clearly defined. therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors associated with cautis in patients undergoing cardiac procedures. | 2015 | 26115336 |
| association of necrotizing wounds colonized by maggots with ignatzschineria-associated septicemia. | 2015 | 26402740 | |
| analysis of transmission of mrsa and esbl-e among pigs and farm personnel. | livestock-associated bacteria with resistance to two or more antibiotic drug classes have heightened our awareness for the consequences of antibiotic consumption and spread of resistant bacterial strains in the veterinary field. in this study we assessed the prevalence of concomitant colonization with livestock-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (la-mrsa) and enterobacteriaceae expressing extended-spectrum betalactamases (esbl-e) in farms at the german-dutch border region. na ... | 2015 | 26422606 |
| port type is a possible risk factor for implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infections and no sign of local infection predicts the growth of gram-negative bacilli. | implantable venous access port (ivap)-related blood stream infections (bsis) are one of the most common complications of implantable venous ports. the risk factors and pathogens for ivap-related bsis are still controversial. | 2015 | 26420628 |
| heavy metal induced antibiotic resistance in bacterium lsjc7. | co-contamination of antibiotics and heavy metals prevails in the environment, and may play an important role in disseminating bacterial antibiotic resistance, but the selective effects of heavy metals on bacterial antibiotic resistance is largely unclear. to investigate this, the effects of heavy metals on antibiotic resistance were studied in a genome-sequenced bacterium, lsjc7. the results showed that the presence of arsenate, copper, and zinc were implicated in fortifying the resistance of ls ... | 2015 | 26426011 |
| epidemiology and outcome of trichosporon fungemia: a review of 185 reported cases from 1975 to 2014. | background. trichosporon species have emerged as an important non-candida spp yeast pathogen in immunocompromised patients in recent decades; however, the systemic analysis of trichosporon epidemiology has seldom been reported. methods. we reviewed 185 reported cases of trichosporon fungemia from 1975 to 2014 in the english-language literature, and the epidemiology and prognostic factors of the included cases are described. results. the number of cases reported has increased with time, especi ... | 2015 | 26566536 |
| yersinia ruckeri, the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease in fish. | enteric redmouth disease (erm) is a serious septicemic bacterial disease of salmonid fish species. it is caused by yersinia ruckeri, a gram-negative rod-shaped enterobacterium. it has a wide host range, broad geographical distribution, and causes significant economic losses in the fish aquaculture industry. the disease gets its name from the subcutaneous hemorrhages, it can cause at the corners of the mouth and in gums and tongue. other clinical signs include exophthalmia, darkening of the skin, ... | 2015 | 26404907 |
| modulation of gut microbiota by berberine and metformin during the treatment of high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. | accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is an important factor in mediating the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes. metformin and berberine, two clinically effective drugs for treating diabetes, have recently been shown to exert their actions through modulating the gut microbiota. in this study, we demonstrated that metformin and berberine similarly shifted the overall structure of the gut microbiota in rats. both drugs showed reverting e ... | 2015 | 26396057 |
| report on a transborder spread of carbapenemase-producing bacteria by a patient injured during euromaidan, ukraine. | spread of carbapenemase-producing bacteria has been described all over the world. this phenomenon may be accelerated by many factors, including wars and natural disasters. in this report, we described an ndm-1-producing klebsiella pneumonia st11 recovered from a patient injured during the maidan revolution in ukraine. to our knowledge, this is the first report of a carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in ukraine and one of several reports describing wound colonization/infection of humans i ... | 2015 | 26594376 |
| maldi-tof ms as a tool to detect a nosocomial outbreak of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- and arma methyltransferase-producing enterobacter cloacae clinical isolates in algeria. | enterobacter cloacae is among the most important pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections and outbreaks. in this study, 77 enterobacter isolates were collected: 27 isolates from algerian hospitals (in constantine, annaba, and skikda) and 50 isolates from marseille, france. all strains were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method. pcr was used to d ... | 2015 | 26239991 |
| antimicrobial peptide novicidin synergizes with rifampin, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime against antibiotic-resistant enterobacteriaceae in vitro. | the spread of antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacteria is a serious clinical threat, and infections with these organisms are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. traditional novel drug development inevitably leads to the emergence of new resistant strains, rendering the new drugs ineffective. therefore, reviving the therapeutic potentials of existing antibiotics represents an attractive novel strategy. novicidin, a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide, is effective against gram-nega ... | 2015 | 26248380 |
| non-o1/non-o139 vibrio cholerae avian isolate from france cocarrying the bla(vim-1) and bla(vim-4) genes. | we describe here a non-o1/non-o139 vibrio cholerae isolate producing both vim-1 and vim-4 carbapenemases. it was isolated from a yellow-legged gull in southern france. the blavim genes were part of a class 1 integron structure located in an inca/c plasmid. this study emphasizes the presence of carbapenemase genes in wildlife microbiota. | 2015 | 26169421 |
| characterization of an enterobacter cloacae strain producing both kpc and ndm carbapenemases by whole-genome sequencing. | a carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae strain, wchecl-14653, causing a fatal bloodstream infection, was characterized by genome sequencing and conjugation experiments. the strain carried two carbapenemase genes, blandm-1 and blakpc-2, on separate incf plasmids. the coexistence of blandm-1 and blakpc-2 conferred slightly higher-level carbapenem resistance compared with that of blandm-1 or blakpc-2 alone, and the coexistence of two incf plasmids may generate new platforms for spreading carbap ... | 2015 | 26248381 |
| characterization of a novel putative xer-dependent integrative mobile element carrying the bla(nmc-a) carbapenemase gene, inserted into the chromosome of members of the enterobacter cloacae complex. | an enterobacter ludwigii strain was isolated during routine screening of a japanese patient for carriage of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. pcr analysis revealed the blanmc-a carbapenemase gene. whole-genome sequencing revealed that blanmc-a was inserted in the chromosome and associated with a novel 29.1-kb putative xer-dependent integrative mobile element, named eludimex-1. bioinformatic analysis identified similar elements in the genomes of an enterobacter asburiae strain and of other ... | 2015 | 26248383 |
| complete sequence of a blaoxa-48-harboring incl plasmid from an enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate. | we report a 63,584-bp conjugative incl plasmid (pur17313-1) from an enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate, containing a blaoxa-48 gene. the plasmid sequence also carried important mobile genetic elements involved in the spread of antibiotic resistance, namely, the tn1999.2 composite transposon, which enclosed blaoxa-48-, integrase-, and transposase-encoding genes. | 2015 | 26383652 |
| detection of polyclonality among clinical isolates from prosthetic joint infections. | prosthetic joint infection (pji) is an increasingly important health concern in the western world due to the rising number of joint arthroplasties. although most infections are considered to be monomicrobial, the introduction of sonication procedures has led to an increase in the detection of polymicrobial infections. to date, no published studies have investigated the presence of different clones of the same species in the infected patient. the objective of this study was to analyze whether the ... | 2015 | 26378278 |
| premature baby with extreme hyponatraemia (95 mmol per litre): a case report. | whilst mild neonatal hyponatraemia is common and relatively harmless, extreme hyponatraemia of 95 mmol per litre has never been reported in a premature baby and such a level could be associated with immediate as well as long-lasting detrimental effects on health. | 2015 | 26377549 |
| loss of membrane-bound lytic transglycosylases increases outer membrane permeability and β-lactam sensitivity in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of nosocomial infections. its relatively impermeable outer membrane (om) limits antibiotic entry, and a chromosomally encoded ampc β-lactamase inactivates β-lactam antibiotics. ampc expression is linked to peptidoglycan (pg) recycling, and soluble (slt) or membrane-bound (mlt) lytic transglycosylases are responsible for generating the anhydromuropeptides that induce ampc expression. thus, inhibition of lt activity could reduce ... | 2015 | 26374494 |
| clinical observation of antibiotics in preventing nosocomial infection in premature infants. | to study the possibility of lower the nosocomial infection rate among the premature infants by prophylactic use of antibiotics. | 2015 | 26629165 |
| metabolic engineering of escherichia coli for production of (2s,3s)-butane-2,3-diol from glucose. | butane-2,3-diol (2,3-bd) is a fuel and platform biochemical with various industrial applications. 2,3-bd exists in three stereoisomeric forms: (2r,3r)-2,3-bd, meso-2,3-bd and (2s,3s)-2,3-bd. microbial fermentative processes have been reported for (2r,3r)-2,3-bd and meso-2,3-bd production. | 2015 | 26379775 |
| antibiotic-impregnated cement spacer as definitive management for osteomyelitis. | osteomyelitis is a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. there is a lack of scientific evidence to guide treatment. the purpose of this study was to report the clinical outcome of unplanned retention of antibiotic-impregnated cement spacer (acs) in the management of osteomyelitis. | 2015 | 26370895 |
| clinical usefulness of procalcitonin and c-reactive protein as outcome predictors in critically ill patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. | sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients. procalcitonin (pct) and c-reactive protein (crp) are the most frequently used biomarkers in sepsis. we investigated changes in pct and crp concentrations in critically ill patients with sepsis to determine which biochemical marker better predicts outcome. we retrospectively analyzed 171 episodes in 157 patients with severe sepsis and septic shock who were admitted to the samsung medical center intensive care unit from ... | 2015 | 26367532 |
| considerations about antimicrobial stewardship in settings with epidemic extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing or carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | infections caused by gram-negative bacteria (gnb) resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics are increasing in many hospitals. extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing and carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in particular are now endemic in many parts of the world and represent a serious public health threat. in this era, antimicrobial stewardship programs are essential as targeted and responsible use of antibiotics improves patient outcomes and hopefully limits the selective pressur ... | 2015 | 26362292 |
| brown algae (phaeophyceae) from the coast of madagascar: preliminary bioactivity studies and isolation of natural products. | eight species of brown algae (phaeophyceae) from the coast of madagascar have been investigated for their chemical constituents. fucosterol (3) was obtained as the most abundant compound. the brown alga sargassum ilicifolium was the source for the first isolation of the terpenoid c27-alcohol 1,1',2-trinorsqualenol (1) from marine sources. from s. incisifolium we isolated the highly unsaturated glycolipid 1-o-palmitoyl-2-o-stearidonoyl-3-o-β-d-galactopyranosylglycerol (4) and we report the first ... | 2015 | 26358714 |
| the antibacterial activity of acetic acid against biofilm-producing pathogens of relevance to burns patients. | localised infections, and burn wound sepsis are key concerns in the treatment of burns patients, and prevention of colonisation largely relies on biocides. acetic acid has been shown to have good antibacterial activity against various planktonic organisms, however data is limited on efficacy, and few studies have been performed on biofilms. | 2015 | 26352256 |
| transcriptional analysis of the conjugal transfer genes of rickettsia bellii rml 369-c. | rickettsia bellii is an obligate intracellular bacterium that is one of the few rickettsiae that encode a complete set of conjugative transfer (tra) genes involved in bacterial conjugation and has been shown to exhibit pili-like structures. the reductive genomes of rickettsiae beg the question whether the tra genes are nonfunctional or functioning to enhance the genetic plasticity and biology of rickettsiae. we characterized the transcriptional dynamics of r. bellii tra genes in comparison to ge ... | 2015 | 26352829 |
| structural characterization and antimicrobial activity of a biosurfactant obtained from bacillus pumilus dsvp18 grown on potato peels. | biosurfactants constitute a structurally diverse group of surface-active compounds derived from microorganisms. they are widely used industrially in various industrial applications such as pharmaceutical and environmental sectors. major limiting factor in biosurfactant production is their production cost. | 2015 | 26495106 |
| magnesium ions mitigate biofilm formation of bacillus species via downregulation of matrix genes expression. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mg(2+) ions on biofilm formation by bacillus species, which are considered as problematic microorganisms in the food industry. we found that magnesium ions are capable to inhibit significantly biofilm formation of bacillus species at 50 mm concentration and higher. we further report that mg(2+) ions don't inhibit bacterial growth at elevated concentrations; hence, the mode of action of mg(2+) ions is apparently specific to inhibition o ... | 2015 | 26441856 |
| antimicrobial activity and toxicity of the major lipopeptide components of polymyxin b and colistin: last-line antibiotics against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | polymyxin b and colistin are currently used as a 'last-line' treatment for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. however very little is known about the pharmacological differences between polymyxin b1, polymyxin b2, colistin a, colistin b, the major cyclic lipopeptides components present in polymyxin b and colistin products. here, we report on the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity and toxicity of these major lipopeptide components. all four lipopeptides had comparable mics (<0.12 ... | 2015 | 27525307 |
| the enterobacterium trabulsiella odontotermitis presents novel adaptations related to its association with fungus-growing termites. | fungus-growing termites rely on symbiotic microorganisms to help break down plant material and to obtain nutrients. their fungal cultivar, termitomyces, is the main plant degrader and food source for the termites, while gut bacteria complement termitomyces in the degradation of foodstuffs, fixation of nitrogen, and metabolism of amino acids and sugars. due to the community complexity and because these typically anaerobic bacteria can rarely be cultured, little is known about the physiological ca ... | 2015 | 26162887 |
| high frequency of polymicrobial infections after surgical resection of malignant bone and soft tissue tumors: a retrospective cohort study. | surgical resection of a malignant bone tumor (bt) or soft tissue tumor (stt), with or without prosthetic replacement, carries a high risk of developing postoperative infections. there is limited knowledge on the bacteriological spectrum of these postsurgical infections that necessitate empirical antibiotic therapy. the aim of this study was to analyze the incidence and microbiological features of site infections following bt or stt resection. | 2015 | 26334238 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamase bacteria from urine isolates in children. | multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing organisms, are a growing problem. the primary objective of this study was to describe the proportion of children with esbl-producing urinary isolates at a tertiary medical center as well as these organisms' susceptibility patterns. the secondary objective was to identify the risk factors for acquiring esbl urinary pathogens. | 2015 | 26472951 |
| correction: a five-year experience of carbapenem resistance in enterobacteriaceae causing neonatal septicaemia: predominance of ndm-1. | 2015 | 26327517 | |
| kinetic and structural characterization of the interaction of 6-methylidene penem 2 with the β-lactamase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is intrinsically resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics because of the constitutive expression of the blac-encoded β-lactamase. this enzyme has extremely high activity against penicillins and cephalosporins, but weaker activity against carbapenems. the enzyme can be inhibited by clavulanate, avibactam, and boronic acids. in this study, we investigated the ability of 6-methylidene β-lactams to inhibit blac. one such compound, penem 2, inhibited blac more than 70 times m ... | 2015 | 26237118 |
| study on bacterial strains causing blood and urinary tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit and determination of their antibiotic resistance pattern. | infections are considered as one of the main factors of neonatal mortality, especially in developing countries. blood and urine infections are one of the most prevalent infectious factors among the infants. on the other hand, resistance against antimicrobial factors is one of the major problems in the world, and it is important to be informed about antibiotic resistance pattern of microorganisms for treatment of infections. | 2015 | 26468359 |
| candida albicans inhibits pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence through suppression of pyochelin and pyoverdine biosynthesis. | bacterial-fungal interactions have important physiologic and medical ramifications, but the mechanisms of these interactions are poorly understood. the gut is host to trillions of microorganisms, and bacterial-fungal interactions are likely to be important. using a neutropenic mouse model of microbial gastrointestinal colonization and dissemination, we show that the fungus candida albicans inhibits the virulence of the bacterium pseudomonas aeruginosa by inhibiting p. aeruginosa pyochelin and py ... | 2015 | 26313907 |
| draft genome sequences of two imp-4-producing escherichia coli sequence type 131 isolates in australia. | we report the draft genome sequences of two unrelated cases of escherichia coli sequence type 131 (st131) possessing the carbapenemase gene blaimp-4. the e. coli st131 sn5 isolate also possessed blashv-12 and plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance genes. wider dissemination of blaimp-4 may occur due to the blaimp-4-carrying l/m or hi2 plasmids among e. coli st131 isolates. | 2015 | 26316639 |
| alleviation of high fat diet-induced obesity by oligofructose in gnotobiotic mice is independent of presence of bifidobacterium longum. | diet-induced obesity is associated with changes in the gut microbiota and low-grade inflammation. oligofructose was reported to ameliorate high fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice by restoring the number of intestinal bifidobacteria. however, this has not been experimentally demonstrated. | 2015 | 26202344 |
| overproduction of the membrane-bound [nife]-hydrogenase in thermococcus kodakarensis and its effect on hydrogen production. | the hyperthermophilic archaeon thermococcus kodakarensis can utilize sugars or pyruvate for growth. in the absence of elemental sulfur, the electrons via oxidation of these substrates are accepted by protons, generating molecular hydrogen (h2). the hydrogenase responsible for this reaction is a membrane-bound [nife]-hydrogenase (mbh). in this study, we have examined several possibilities to increase the protein levels of mbh in t. kodakarensis by genetic engineering. highest levels of intracellu ... | 2015 | 26379632 |
| norovirus immunology: of mice and mechanisms. | noroviruses (novs) are the most common cause of sporadic and epidemic gastroenteritis in the united states and europe and are responsible for 20% of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. over the past decade, the understanding of nov immunology has grown immensely. studies of the natural immune response to nov in humans and animal models have laid the foundation for innovations in cell culture systems for nov and development of new therapeutics. evidence from animal models, nov surrogates, observatio ... | 2015 | 26256101 |
| acquisition of the lac operon by salmonella enterica. | classical bacteriological characteristics of salmonella enterica indicate that the members of this species are unable to utilize lactose as a carbon source. however, lactose-fermenting (lac+) strains of several salmonella serovars have been isolated from different foodborne outbreaks as well as different geographical regions worldwide. in the present study, we sequenced the genomes of 13 lac + s. enterica isolates and characterized the lac region, comparing it to the lac region in other enteric ... | 2015 | 26303940 |
| contact-dependent growth inhibition toxins exploit multiple independent cell-entry pathways. | contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi) systems function to deliver toxins into neighboring bacterial cells. cdi+ bacteria export filamentous cdia effector proteins, which extend from the inhibitor-cell surface to interact with receptors on neighboring target bacteria. upon binding its receptor, cdia delivers a toxin derived from its c-terminal region. cdia c-terminal (cdia-ct) sequences are highly variable between bacteria, reflecting the multitude of cdi toxin activities. here, we show that ... | 2015 | 26305955 |
| il-21 and probiotic therapy improve th17 frequencies, microbial translocation, and microbiome in arv-treated, siv-infected macaques. | increased mortality in antiretroviral (arv)-treated, hiv-infected individuals has been attributed to persistent immune dysfunction, in part due to abnormalities at the gastrointestinal barrier. in particular, the poor reconstitution of gastrointestinal th17 cells correlates with residual translocation of dysbiotic, immunostimulatory microflora across a compromised intestinal epithelial barrier. we have previously demonstrated that oral probiotics promote increased intestinal cd4(+) t-cell recons ... | 2015 | 26286233 |
| il-21 and probiotic therapy improve th17 frequencies, microbial translocation, and microbiome in arv-treated, siv-infected macaques. | increased mortality in antiretroviral (arv)-treated, hiv-infected individuals has been attributed to persistent immune dysfunction, in part due to abnormalities at the gastrointestinal barrier. in particular, the poor reconstitution of gastrointestinal th17 cells correlates with residual translocation of dysbiotic, immunostimulatory microflora across a compromised intestinal epithelial barrier. we have previously demonstrated that oral probiotics promote increased intestinal cd4(+) t-cell recons ... | 2015 | 26286233 |
| indirect tris-edta disk testing using imipenem and meropenem for detection of oxa-48 carbapenemase production. | 2015 | 26292309 | |
| extended-spectrum β-lactamases and/or carbapenemases-producing enterobacteriaceae isolated from retail chicken meat in zagazig, egypt. | the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and to characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases- and/or carbapenemases-producing enterobacteriaceae among enterobacteriaceae isolated from retail chicken meat in zagazig, egypt. | 2015 | 26284654 |
| an in vitro combined antibiotic-antibody treatment eliminates toxicity from shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli. | treating shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) gastrointestinal infections is difficult. the utility of antibiotics for stec treatment is controversial, since antibiotic resistance among stec isolates is widespread and certain antibiotics dramatically increase the expression of shiga toxins (stxs), which are some of the most important virulence factors in stec. stxs contribute to life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus), which develops in considerable proportions of patients with ... | 2015 | 26100707 |
| in vivo biocompatibility and in vitro efficacy of antimicrobial gendine-coated central catheters. | antimicrobial peripherally inserted central catheters (piccs) might reduce the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infections (clabsi). we tested the biocompatibility of a novel gendine-coated (combination of chlorhexidine [chx] and gentian violet [gv]) picc in a rabbit intravascular model and tested antimicrobial efficacy in comparison with commercially available minocycline/rifampin (m/r)- and chx-treated piccs in an in vitro biofilm colonization model. gendine-coated and uncoated ... | 2015 | 26124171 |
| in vitro selection of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance in enterobacteriaceae with kpc-3 carbapenemase. | ceftazidime-avibactam is active against most enterobacteriaceae isolates with kpc carbapenemases. we investigated whether this activity could be compromised by mutation. single-step and multistep selections were attempted using ceftazidime-avibactam (avibactam fixed at 1 or 4 μg/ml) versus two strains each of enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae, all with the kpc-3 enzyme. mutant bla kpc alleles were sequenced, and their parentage was confirmed by typing. ceftazidime-avibactam selected ... | 2015 | 26100712 |
| multicenter retrospective study of cefmetazole and flomoxef for treatment of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing escherichia coli bacteremia. | the efficacy of cefmetazole and flomoxef (cf) for the treatment of patients with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing escherichia coli (esbl-ec) bacteremia (esbl-cf group) was compared with that of carbapenem treatment for esbl-ec patients (esbl-carbapenem group) and with that of cf treatment in patients with non-esbl-ec bacteremia (non-esbl-cf group). adult patients treated for e. coli bacteremia in four hospitals were retrospectively evaluated. the 30-day mortality rates in patients belongi ... | 2015 | 26100708 |
| complete sequence of the multidrug-resistant incl/m plasmid pimp-hb623 cocarrying bla imp-34 and fosc2 in an enterobacter cloacae strain associated with medical travel to china. | 2015 | 26100693 | |
| surveillance and characterization of carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from patient stool samples at a tertiary care medical center. | 2015 | 26100704 | |
| delta neutrophil index as a marker for differential diagnosis between acute graft pyelonephritis and acute graft rejection. | the delta neutrophil index (dni) is the fraction of circulating immature granulocytes, which reflect infectious and/or septic condition. acute graft pyelonephritis (agpn) versus acute graft rejection is a frequently encountered diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma in kidney transplant recipients, but little is known about the clinical usefulness of dni value in the differentiation of the two conditions. | 2015 | 26275220 |
| heme signaling impacts global gene expression, immunity and dengue virus infectivity in aedes aegypti. | blood-feeding mosquitoes are exposed to high levels of heme, the product of hemoglobin degradation. heme is a pro-oxidant that influences a variety of cellular processes. we performed a global analysis of heme-regulated aedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito) transcriptional changes to better understand influence on mosquito physiology at the molecular level. we observed an iron- and reactive oxygen species (ros)-independent signaling induced by heme that comprised genes related to redox metabolis ... | 2015 | 26275150 |
| characterization of foodborne outbreaks of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with whole-genome sequencing single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis for surveillance and outbreak detection. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is a significant cause of gastrointestinal illness in the united states; however, current molecular subtyping methods lack resolution for this highly clonal serovar. advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have made it possible to examine whole-genome sequencing (wgs) as a potential molecular subtyping tool for outbreak detection and source trace back. here, we conducted a retrospective analysis of s. enteritidis isolates from seven epidemiolog ... | 2015 | 26269623 |
| a qpcr and multiplex pyrosequencing assay combined with automated data processing for rapid and unambiguous detection of esbl-producers enterobacteriaceae. | rapid and specific detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (esbl) bacteria is crucial both for timely antibiotic therapy when treating infected patients as well as for appropriate infection control measures aimed at curbing the spread of esbl-producing isolates. whereas a variety of phenotypic methods are currently available for esbl detection, they remain time consuming and sometimes difficult to interpret while being also affected by a lack of sensitivity and specificity. consider ... | 2015 | 26260895 |
| new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1(ndm-1), the dominant carbapenemase detected in carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae from henan province, china. | the emergence of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (ndm-1) has become established as a major public health threat and represents a new challenge in the treatment of infectious diseases. in this study, we report a high incidence and endemic spread of ndm-1-producing carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae isolates in henan province, china. eight (72.7%) out of eleven non-duplicated carbapenem-resistant e. cloacae isolates collected between june 2011 and may 2013 were identified as ndm-1 positive. ... | 2015 | 26263489 |
| necrotizing fasciitis secondary to a primary suture for anoperineal trauma by motorcycle accident in a healthy adult. | a 41-year-old man experienced a swollen scrotum three days after a motorcycle accident and presented to our hospital. he had had a primary suture repair for anoperineal trauma in an outside hospital at the time of the injury. he presented to us with general fatigue, low grade fevers, and perineal pain. abdominal computed tomography showed subcutaneous emphysema from the scrotum to the left chest. the sutured wound had foul-smelling discharge and white exudate. we made the diagnosis of necrotizin ... | 2015 | 26347831 |
| complete genome sequence of enterobacter cloacae uw5, a rhizobacterium capable of high levels of indole-3-acetic acid production. | we report the complete genome sequence of enterobacter cloacae uw5, an indole-3-acetic acid-producing rhizobacterium originally isolated from the rhizosphere of grass. the 4.9-mbp genome has a g+c content of 54% and contains 4,496 protein-coding sequences. | 2015 | 26251488 |
| a novel microbisporicin producer identified by early dereplication during lantibiotic screening. | with the increasing need of effective antibiotics against multi-drug resistant pathogens, lantibiotics are an attractive option of a new class of molecules. they are ribosomally synthetized and posttranslationally modified peptides possessing potent antimicrobial activity against aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive pathogens, including those increasingly resistant to β-lactams and glycopeptides. some of them (actagardine, mersacidin, planosporicin, and microbisporicin) inhibit cell wall biosynth ... | 2015 | 26346738 |
| thrombocytopenia in small-for-gestational-age infants. | thrombocytopenia is common among small-for-gestational-age (sga) neonates (birth weight <10th percentile reference range), but several aspects of this thrombocytopenia are unclear, including the incidence, typical nadir, duration, association with preeclampsia, mechanism, and risk of death. | 2015 | 26216323 |
| accuracy of a new clean-catch technique for diagnosis of urinary tract infection in infants younger than 90 days of age. | to evaluate the accuracy of diagnosing urinary tract infections using a new, recently described, standardized clean-catch collection technique. | 2015 | 26435675 |
| temporal trends in blood stream infection isolates from surgical patients. | blood stream infections (bsis) are a common source of morbidity and death in hospitalized patients. we hypothesized that the proportions of bacteremia from gram-positive and fungal pathogens have decreased over time, whereas rates of gram-negative bacteremia have increased as a result of better central venous catheter management. | 2015 | 26070099 |
| health care-associated infection outbreak investigations in outpatient settings, los angeles county, california, usa, 2000-2012. | health care services are increasingly delivered in outpatient settings. however, infection control oversight in outpatient settings to ensure patient safety has not improved and literature quantifying reported health care-associated infection outbreaks in outpatient settings is scarce. the objective of this analysis was to characterize investigations of suspected and confirmed outbreaks in outpatient settings in los angeles county, california, usa, reported during 2000-2012, by using internal lo ... | 2015 | 26196293 |
| the effectiveness of local antibiotics in treating chronic osteomyelitis in a cohort of 50 patients with an average of 4 years follow-up. | the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis requires both appropriate surgical and antibiotic management. prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy followed by oral therapy is widely utilised. despite this, the long-term recurrence rate can be up to 30%. a cohort of 50 patients from a 7-year period, 2003 to 2010, with chronic osteomyelitis was identified. this cohort was treated by surgical marginal resection in combination with local application of antibiotics (collatamp g - gentamicin in a collagen ... | 2015 | 26322143 |
| multiple infectious complications in a severely injured patient with single nucleotide polymorphisms in important innate immune response genes. | trauma is a major public health problem worldwide. infectious complications, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (mods) remain important causes for morbidity and mortality in patients who survive the initial trauma. there is increasing evidence for the role of genetic variation in the innate immune system on infectious complications in severe trauma patients. we describe a trauma patient with multiple infectious complications caused by multiple micro-organisms leading to prolonged ho ... | 2015 | 26312121 |
| an internal reference control duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detecting bacterial contamination in blood products. | real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) enables effective and sensitive screening for infectious risk in the field of blood safety. however, when using rt-pcr to detect bacterial contamination, several intractable points must be considered, one of which is the lack of appropriate quality control. in this study, we developed a simplified rt-pcr assay in which the same primer set and two distinct probes were used to detect both, an internal reference control and the target in a reaction. the ... | 2015 | 26230627 |
| surgical site infection in critically ill patients with secondary and tertiary peritonitis: epidemiology, microbiology and influence in outcomes. | surgical site infection (ssi) remains a significant problem in the postoperative period that can negatively affect clinical outcomes. microbiology findings are typically similar to other nosocomial infections, with differences dependent on microbiology selection due to antibiotic pressure or the resident flora. however, this is poorly understood in the critical care setting. we therefore aimed to assess the incidence, epidemiology and microbiology of ssi and its association with outcomes in pati ... | 2015 | 26223477 |
| early insights into the potential of the oxford nanopore minion for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes. | genome sequencing will be increasingly used in the clinical setting to tailor antimicrobial prescribing and inform infection control outbreaks. a recent technological innovation that could reduce the delay between pathogen sampling and data generation is single molecule sequencing. an example of this technology, which is undergoing evaluation through an early access programme, is the oxford nanopore minion. | 2015 | 26221019 |
| genomically informed surveillance for carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in a health care system. | carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) are an urgent public health concern. rapid identification of the resistance genes, their mobilization capacity, and strains carrying them is essential to direct hospital resources to prevent spread and improve patient outcomes. whole-genome sequencing allows refined tracking of both chromosomal traits and associated mobile genetic elements that harbor resistance genes. to enhance surveillance of cres, clinical isolates with phenotypic resistance to c ... | 2015 | 26220969 |