Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| hepatitis e virus infection in ghanaian blood donors - the importance of immunoassay selection and confirmation. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is emerging as a potential new threat to blood safety after several cases of transfusion-transmission were reported from non-epidemic countries. on the basis of seroprevalence data, hev is endemic in ghana where poor sanitary conditions and regular flooding are prevalent. however, no data are available for hev prevalence in blood donors. | 2013 | 22845878 |
| development and application of an indirect elisa for detection of antibodies against avian hepatitis e virus. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) that could detect immunoglobulin g antibodies against avian hepatitis e virus (hev) was developed. this assay employs a truncated c-terminal 268-amino acid recombinant orf2 protein from an avian hev genotype 3 strain isolated in china (cahev) as the coating antigen. the antigen concentration and serum dilution were optimized using a checkerboard titration. a cut-off value of 0.368 at od(450nm) was determined by testing 120 positive and 200 n ... | 2013 | 23000753 |
| zoonotic hepatitis e virus strains in german blood donors. | 2013 | 22913247 | |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus in humans and geographically matched food animals in egypt. | the aim of current study was to investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus (hev) in humans and geographically matched food animals as a novel zoonotic assessment in egypt. blood samples were collected from patients who had a history of jaundice and attended to fever and general hospitals. animal blood samples were collected from cows, buffaloes, sheep and goats convenient to hev seropositive humans. enzyme immuno assay (eia) protocol was used to determine igg anti-hev. sex and pregnancy w ... | 2013 | 22812407 |
| severe bilateral amyotrophic neuralgia associated with major dysphagia secondary to acute hepatitis e. | several acute neurological syndromes can be triggered by immune events. hepatitis e virus (hev), an emerging infectious disease, can be one of these triggers. | 2013 | 24555112 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus among primary school children. | to investigate the seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus antibody among primary school children in the two different areas of denizli, turkey. methodology : anti-hev antibodies were investigated in 185 primary school children (91 from rural areas and 94 from urban areas of denizli). the children were divided into two age groups as seven-year old group and fourteen-year old group. samples were tested for anti-hev ab by an enzyme-linked immunoassay. results : a total of 23 primary school childr ... | 2013 | 24353592 |
| hepatitis e virus variant in farmed mink, denmark. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic virus for which pigs are the primary animal reservoir. to investigate whether hev occurs in mink in denmark, we screened feces and tissues from domestic and wild mink. our finding of a novel hev variant supports previous findings of hev variants in a variety of species. | 2013 | 24274600 |
| hepatitis e and lymphocytic leukemia in man, italy. | 2013 | 24274068 | |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e among pregnant women in urmia, iran. | while hepatitis e virus (hev) mostly causes self-limited disease in general population, it is more severe in pregnant women. | 2013 | 24348644 |
| [primary risk factors of hepatitis e virus infection:a meta-analysis]. | to analyze the main risk factors of hepatitis e virus infection. | 2013 | 24529277 |
| development of a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect anti-igg against swine hepatitis e virus. | swine hepatitis e virus (hev) is widespread throughout pigs in both developing and industrialized countries. this virus is an important zoonotic agent and a public concern worldwide. infected pigs are asymptomatic, so diagnosing swine hev relies on detection of the virus or antibodies against the virus. however, several obstacles need to be overcome for effective and practical serological diagnosis. in this study, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) that used a purified rec ... | 2013 | 24421718 |
| performance of anti-hev assays for diagnosing acute hepatitis e in immunocompromised patients. | hepatitis e virus is an emerging concern in immunocompromised patients, who may become chronically infected. this prompted us to assess the performance of two anti-hev igg and igm assays for diagnosing acute hev infections. the specificities of the assays were estimated by testing samples from 2 to 3 year-old french children and blood donors and their sensitivities by testing 40 immunocompromised patients acutely infected. both anti-hev igm assays were highly specific (99.6% and 100%). the sensi ... | 2013 | 24183927 |
| zoonotic transmission of hepatitis e virus in industrialized countries. | hepatitis e is an infectious viral disease with clinical and morphological features of acute hepatitis. the disease represents an important public health problem in developing countries, where it is often related to outbreaks mainly associated with consumption of contaminated water. during recent years, an increasing number of sporadic cases have also been described in industrialized countries. besides humans, the hepatitis e virus (hev) has also been identified in animals. in 1997, the virus wa ... | 2013 | 24177295 |
| population movement and virus spreading: hev spreading in a pilgrimage city, mashhad in northeast iran; an example. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a significant public health concern and responsible for large outbreaks of acute hepatitis in poor sanitary and living conditions. | 2013 | 24171006 |
| autochthonous hepatitis e in scotland. | hepatitis e virus is well recognized cause of acute hepatitis. traditionally hepatitis e virus (hev) infections were generally associated with travel to asia and africa. autochthonous hepatitis e is recognized as a major cause acute hepatitis in england and wales. however, autochthonous hepatitis e has never been documented in scotland. | 2013 | 24200818 |
| age-related and regional differences in the prevalence of hepatitis e virus-specific antibodies in pigs in germany. | an increasing number of acute autochthonous human hepatitis e virus (hev)-infections was noticed in germany and other developed countries, most likely the result of a zoonotic virus transmission from pig, wild boar and deer. currently there is still a lack of profound data concerning the actual prevalence of hev-specific antibodies in domestic pig herds in germany, in particular for regions with high pig density, and its age-dependency. 2273 domestic pig sera were collected in 2011 mainly from b ... | 2013 | 24238666 |
| water borne hepatitis a and hepatitis e in malwa region of punjab, india. | hepatitis-a virus infection (hav) and hepatitis e virus infection (hev) are faecally contaminated water borne infection of great public interest in developing countries. hav has a world-wide /dablestribution and affects infant and young children in developing countries and its epidemics are not very common. hev is restricted to tropical countries and affects older children and young adults and its epidemics are common. studies suggested that hev is etiologically responsible for 10%-95% of admitt ... | 2013 | 24298465 |
| one case of swine hepatitis e virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus co-infection in weaned pigs. | using various methods, we analyzed the cause of death among weaned pigs from a pig farm in hebei province, china. all 300 piglets (100% fatality) were identified as moribund, with death occurring within 1 month from the onset of clinical signs. | 2013 | 24252365 |
| tracing enteric viruses in the european berry fruit supply chain. | in recent years, numerous foodborne outbreaks due to consumption of berry fruit contaminated by human enteric viruses have been reported. this european multinational study investigated possible contamination routes by monitoring the entire food chain for a panel of human and animal enteric viruses. a total of 785 samples were collected throughout the food production chain of four european countries (czech republic, finland, poland and serbia) during two growing seasons. samples were taken during ... | 2013 | 24135674 |
| genotype-4 hepatitis e in a human after ingesting roe deer meat in south korea. | the recent increase in the number of cases of indigenous hepatitis e virus (hev) infection highlights the importance of identifying the transmission routes for the prevention of such infections. presented herein is the first case of acute hev infection after ingesting wild roe deer meat in south korea. a 43-year-old male presented with abdominal discomfort and jaundice. he had not recently traveled abroad, but had eaten raw roe-deer meat 6-8 weeks before the presentation. on the 7th day of hospi ... | 2013 | 24133670 |
| clinicolaboratory study of mother-to-neonate transmission of hepatitis e virus in egypt. | to study the presence of hepatitis e viremia in neonates with congenital infections. | 2013 | 24124153 |
| infection by brazilian and dutch swine hepatitis e virus strains induces haematological changes in macaca fascicularis. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been described as an emerging pathogen in brazil and seems to be widely disseminated among swine herds. an autochthonous human case of acute hepatitis e was recently reported. to obtain a better understanding of the phenotypic profiles of both human and swine hev strains, a experimental study was conducted using the animal model, macaca fascicularis. | 2013 | 24148233 |
| direct contact and environmental contaminations are responsible for hev transmission in pigs. | hepatitis e virus (hev) can cause enterically-transmitted hepatitis in humans. the zoonotic nature of hepatitis e infections has been established in industrialized areas and domestic pigs are considered as the main reservoir. the dynamics of transmission in pig herds therefore needs to be understood to reduce the prevalence of viremic pigs at slaughter and prevent contaminated pig products from entering the food chain. an experimental trial was carried out to study the main characteristics of he ... | 2013 | 24165278 |
| a longitudinal study revealing hepatitis e virus infection and transmission at a swine test station. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic agent that causes acute hepatitis in humans, and infects several animal species, most importantly swine. in the current study, that presents the first evidence of hev infections in pigs in finland, genetic divergence and transmission of hev was investigated among pigs at a swine test station at two occasions. in 2007, hev rna was found in 25% of pens, and 35% of 2-3 month-old pigs at the station. three different isolates, comprising 13 sequences of hev genot ... | 2013 | 24119762 |
| genotype analysis of hepatitis e virus from sporadic hepatitis e cases in northern china. | hepatitis e is an important public health problem in many countries. however, there is no definite conclusion about the zoonotic reservoir, transmission patterns and risk factors of hepatitis e in the human population. the aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and viral genotype characteristics of hepatitis e cases in northern china. surveillance was conducted in two hospitals in liaoning and hebei province from july 2010 to june 2012. out of a total of 116 diagnosed patients, 88 ... | 2013 | 24140474 |
| hepatitis e: the forgotten virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has a long military association being first discovered during the soviet occupation of afghanistan in the 1980s after an outbreak of unexplained hepatitis at a military camp. hev is now endemic in the uk, and should be considered in all cases of jaundice. the prevalence is high in certain operational areas (28.5% in afghanistan), and maintenance of integrity of food and water supplies together with scrupulous attention to environmental hygiene remains paramount. pregnancy ... | 2013 | 24109137 |
| hepatitis e virus infection as a new probable cause of de novo membranous nephropathy after kidney transplantation. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been identified as a cause of chronic viral hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. some glomerular diseases were found to be associated with this infection. we report the first case, to our knowledge, of a kidney transplant recipient who developed an hev infection and de novo membranous nephropathy (mn) concomitantly. the patient displayed a hepatic cytolysis first and a nephrotic syndrome occurred 3 months later. hev infection was diagnosed upon positive polymerase ... | 2013 | 24103101 |
| liver abnormalities in pregnancy. | abnormalities of liver function (notably rise in alkaline phosphatase and fall in serum albumin) are common in normal pregnancy, whereas rise in serum bilirubin and aminotransferase suggest either exacerbation of underlying pre-existing liver disease, liver disease related to pregnancy or liver disease unrelated to pregnancy. pregnant women appear to have a worse outcome when infected with hepatitis e virus. liver diseases associated with pregnancy include abnormalities associated hyperemesis gr ... | 2013 | 24090943 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence and risk factors for individuals in working contact with animals. | in industrial countries genotypes 3 and 4 of hev are detected in swine, wild boar, deer and rabbits, and they are associated with autochthonous infections suggesting the existence of zoonotic hev infections, compatible with the putative involvement of undercooked pork and big game products as a source of infection. | 2013 | 24084601 |
| calculation of evolutionary correlation between individual genes and full-length genome: a method useful for choosing phylogenetic markers for molecular epidemiology. | individual genes or regions are still commonly used to estimate the phylogenetic relationships among viral isolates. the genomic regions that can faithfully provide assessments consistent with those predicted with full-length genome sequences would be preferable to serve as good candidates of the phylogenetic markers for molecular epidemiological studies of many viruses. here we employed a statistical method to evaluate the evolutionary relationships between individual viral genes and full-lengt ... | 2013 | 24312527 |
| hepatitis e: molecular virology and pathogenesis. | hepatitis e virus is a single, positive-sense, capped and poly a tailed rna virus classified under the family hepeviridae. enteric transmission, acute self-limiting hepatitis, frequent epidemic and sporadic occurrence, high mortality in affected pregnants are hallmarks of hepatitis e infection. lack of an efficient culture system and resulting reductionist approaches for the study of replication and pathogenesis of hev made it to be a less understood agent. early studies on animal models, sub-ge ... | 2013 | 25755485 |
| occupational exposure to zoonotic agents among agricultural workers in lombardy region, northern italy. | this study was conducted in northern italy with the aim of defining the risk of agricultural workers' contact with biological agents through the determination of serum antibodies against selected zoonotic agents. immunity against tetanus was also investigated. | 2013 | 24364433 |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and hepatitis e virus in swine livers collected at an abattoir. | we investigated the prevalence of campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and hepatitis e virus (hev) in swine liver. we collected swine livers from 110 pigs at an abattoir from september 2011 to march 2012 [corrected] . pathogens were detected in the liver samples of 19 (17.3%) pigs. campylobacter spp. were isolated from the liver samples of 14 (12.7%) pigs. in 10 of the 14 campylobacter-positive pigs, bacteria were present in the internal regions of the liver. salmonella s ... | 2013 | 23514917 |
| diagnostic performance of selected commercial hev igm and igg elisas for immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is recognised as an emerging pathogen in industrialised countries. the currently commercially available hev-specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) are primarily designed for the detection of antibodies against genotypes 1 (burma) and 2 (mexico) and may not sensitively detect hev genotypes 3 or 4. | 2013 | 24210958 |
| a one-step dipstick assay for the on-site detection of nucleic acid. | we have developed a one-step nucleic acid dipstick assay (nada) for visually detecting polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products within 3min. "one-step" means that there were no additional procedures between amplification and detection. | 2013 | 24161476 |
| expression of a truncated hepatitis e virus capsid protein in the protozoan organism leishmania tarentolae and its application in a serological assay. | zoonotic infections with hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 are presumably transmitted via contaminated pig meat products, which raises the necessity for enhanced serological surveillance of pig herds. the aim of the study was to set up a novel protein expression system to overcome the well-known problems in (hev-) protein expression using the standard escherichia coli tools such as inclusion body formation and loss of protein conformation. a recombinant strain of the protozoan organism leishman ... | 2013 | 23747546 |
| development of the hepatitis e vaccine: from bench to field. | along with the improvement of diagnostic techniques, hepatitis e has attracted increasing awareness in recent years. hepatitis e virus infection leads to high mortality in pregnant women and patients with underlying liver disease. several hepatitis e vaccine candidates have been designed and have proved their efficacy in animal models; two candidates have successfully undergone clinical trials. having proved safe and effective in a large phase iii trials, an escherichia coli expressed particulat ... | 2013 | 23564392 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence of domestic pigs in germany determined by a novel in-house and two reference elisas. | autochthonous hepatitis e virus (hev) infections by zoonotic transmission of genotype 3 (gt3) have been reported increasingly from industrialized countries. in this paper the development and validation of an igg elisa for the detection of hev-specific antibodies in domestic pigs is described. comparison of the diagnostic value of escherichia coli-expressed hev-gt3 capsid protein (cp) derivatives revealed a carboxy-terminal derivative as most suitable. validation of the in-house assay using a com ... | 2013 | 23523888 |
| rare and emerging viral infections in transplant recipients. | emerging viral pathogens include newly discovered viruses as well as previously known viruses that are either increasing, or threatening to increase in incidence. while often first identified in the general population, they may affect transplant recipients, in whom their manifestations may be atypical or more severe. enhanced molecular methods have increased the rate of viral discovery but have not overcome the problem of demonstrating pathogenicity. at the same time, improved clinical diagnosti ... | 2013 | 23839998 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e and helicobacter pylori in a low socioeconomic area of a metropolitan city in a developing country. | this study aims to determine the prevalence of coinfection of h. pylori and hepatitis e virus (hev) in the paediatric age group in an urban slum area of karachi and identify risk factors associated with co-infection. five hundred and forty children aged one to 15 years were investigated. blood samples were collected and questionnaires completed on socio-demographic characteristics. anti-h. pylori, hev igg and igm antibodies were analysed by enzyme immunoassays (eias). the seroprevalence of h. py ... | 2013 | 23617095 |
| patients with diabetes mellitus are prone to develop severe hepatitis and liver failure due to hepatitis virus infection. | acute viral hepatitis (avh) is usually a self-limiting illness. diabetics are prone to develop liver diseases and liver regeneration is impaired in them. natural course of avh in diabetics has not been assessed and may be severe. | 2013 | 25755514 |
| virus-like particle-based human vaccines: quality assessment based on structural and functional properties. | human vaccines against three viruses use recombinant virus-like particles (vlps) as the antigen: hepatitis b virus, human papillomavirus, and hepatitis e virus. vlps are excellent prophylactic vaccine antigens because they are self-assembling bionanoparticles (20 to 60 nm in diameter) that expose multiple epitopes on their surface and faithfully mimic the native virions. here we summarize the long journey of these vaccines from bench to patients. the physical properties and structural features o ... | 2013 | 24125746 |
| influence of chronic hbv infection on superimposed acute hepatitis e. | to investigate the influence of chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection [based on the status of hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag), hbv dna, and cirrhosis] on superimposed acute hepatitis e. | 2013 | 24124337 |
| epstein-barr virus infection with acute pancreatitis associated with cholestatic hepatitis. | infection-induced acute hepatitis complicated with acute pancreatitis is associated with hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus or hepatitis e virus. although rare, epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection should be considered also in the differential diagnosis if the patient has acute hepatitis combined with pancreatitis. we report a case of ebv infection with cholestatic hepatitis and pancreatitis with review of literature. an 11-year-old female was admitted due to 1-day history of abdominal pain and ... | 2013 | 24010108 |
| hepatitis e and acute-on-chronic liver failure. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis (avh) globally. it causes large scale epidemics of avh across the low- and middle income countries in asia and africa, and also causes sporadic cases of avh in the same geographical region. avh due to hev is usually an acute, self-limiting illness, similar in clinical presentation to avh caused by hepatitis a virus (hav). when hev causes avh in patients of chronic liver disease it may worsen rapidly to a syndrome called ac ... | 2013 | 25755504 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in an endemic area in iran. | some studies have suggested that hepatitis e virus is more frequent in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) patients and can progress to chronic infection. we aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis e virus antibodies and rna in a series of 100 hiv-infected patients in tehran, iran, with comparison to 52 healthy hiv, hepatitis b and c-negative blood donors as controls. hiv-infected patients were also tested for hepatitis e virus-rna. among the hiv-infected patients, 10% had antibodies to he ... | 2013 | 23970597 |
| prevalence of hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, hepatitis d virus and hepatitis e virus as causes of acute viral hepatitis in north india: a hospital based study. | acute viral hepatitis (avh) is a major public health problem and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. | 2013 | 23883712 |
| novel single-step multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous quantification of hepatitis virus a, b, c, and e in serum. | viral hepatitis needs an earliest diagnosis for its proper and timely treatment. although serodiagnosis of viral hepatitis is in regular practice, however, it has certain limitations and points to alternate procedures of diagnosis. present study was designed to develop a single-step multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for detection of hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis e virus (hev) related nucleic acids in sera from infe ... | 2013 | 23800094 |
| hepatitis e virus infections in hiv-infected patients in ghana and cameroon. | chronic hepatitis e virus (hev) infections have recently been described in hiv-infected patients. only few data are available for sub-saharan africa, where hiv and hev are highly co-endemic, and where liver pathology is common in hiv-infected individuals. | 2013 | 23743346 |
| reduced expression of dna damage repair genes high mobility group box1 and poly(adp-ribose) polymerase1 in inactive carriers of hepatitis b virus infection-a possible stage of viral integration. | high mobility group box1 (hmgb1) and poly(adp-ribose) polymerase1 (parp1) proteins repair cellular dna damage. reduced expression of the corresponding genes can lead to an impaired dna damage repair mechanism. intracellular replication of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in such conditions can favor the integration of viral dna into host genome leading to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). | 2013 | 25755481 |
| case of acute hepatitis e with concomitant signs of autoimmunity. | sporadic cases of acute viral hepatitis e have been described in developed countries, despite the more common occurrence in endemic areas and developing countries. we present the case of a 58 years old portuguese female, with no epidemiological relevant factors, admitted with acute hepatitis with positive anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-smooth muscle antibody and high serum gamma globulin (> 1.5 fold increase). serologies for hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, epstein-barr vi ... | 2013 | 23556050 |
| hepatitis b and e co-primary infections in an hiv-1-infected patient. | we report an autochthonous hepatitis e virus (hev)-hepatitis b virus co-primary infection in a 41-year-old man having sex with men and infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). this case prompts testing for hev in hiv-infected patients with acute hepatitis even if primary infection with another hepatitis virus is diagnosed. | 2013 | 23303497 |
| hepatitis e in liver biopsies from patients with acute hepatitis of clinically unexplained origin. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a small rna virus and the infectious agent of hepatitis e that occurs worldwide either as epidemics in asia caused by genotype 1 and 2 or as sporadic disease in industrialized countries induced by genotype 3 and 4. the frequency might be underestimated in central europe as a cause of acute hepatitis. therefore, we analyzed on liver biopsies, if cases of acute hepatitis with clinically unknown or obscure diagnosis were actually caused by the infection with hev. we inclu ... | 2013 | 24379784 |
| role of hepatitis e virus antigen in confirming active viral replication in patients with acute viral hepatitis e infection. | demonstration of active viral replication is important in serologically confirmed cases of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection to assess prognosis. detection of hev rna by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) is the gold standard for demonstration of active viremia. | 2013 | 23965185 |
| clinical presentation, outcome, and response to therapy among patients with acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis c. | the slow asymptomatic progression of chronic hepatitis c (chc) can be interrupted by an acute exacerbation, characterized by increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (alt) and bilirubin and other symptoms of acute hepatitis. we aimed to provide more information about the clinical presentation of acute exacerbation of chc. | 2013 | 23591280 |
| contribution of hepatitis e virus in acute sporadic hepatitis in north western india. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes acute viral hepatitis. majority of the documented studies on hepatitis e have been focused on the incidence of this disease in northern and south central india. limited data are available on hev infection among acute sporadic hepatitis cases in north western india. the present study was undertaken to investigate the contribution of hepatitis e virus infection in sporadic hepatitis cases in rajasthan and neighbouring states. | 2012 | 23041743 |
| hepatitis a, b, c and e virus markers in chinese residing in tokyo, japan. | recently, the number of foreigners living in japan has been increasing, with the majority originating from china. it is important for us to know the prevalence of hepatitis virus markers among them, as proper medical practices and vaccinations should be prepared when seeing them and their offspring. | 2012 | 22524475 |
| epidemiological and virological characteristics of symptomatic acute hepatitis e in greater cairo, egypt. | the aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of acute hepatitis e in greater cairo. patients with acute hepatitis e were identified through a surveillance of acute hepatitis using the following definition: recent (<3 weeks) onset of fever or jaundice, alanine aminotransferase at least three times the upper limit of normal (uln), negative markers for other causes of viral hepatitis and detectable hepatitis e virus (hev) rna. comparison of the liver tests between acute hepatitis e and ... | 2012 | 22264267 |
| meld score: utility and comparison with king's college criteria in non-acetaminophen acute liver failure. | to compare model for end-stage liver disease score (meld score, ms) and king's college hospital (kch) criteria for finding correlation of mortality in non-acetaminophen induced acute liver failure (nai-alf). | 2012 | 22868013 |
| the burden of liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | introduction of effective combined antiretroviral therapy has made human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection a chronic illness. substantial reductions in the number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome- (aids-) related deaths have been accompanied by an increase in liver-related morbidity and mortality. liver diseases rank in the first three most-common causes of death in hiv-infected persons. mortality is mainly due to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma induced by hepatitis c virus and ... | 2012 | 22760649 |
| viral hepatitis in india. | hepatitis in india is caused mainly by hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), and hepatitis e virus (hev). hav infection occurs frequently in children, though in parts of india there is an evolving epidemiology. hev is the most common cause of acute sporadic hepatitis in india and has been associated with several large-scale epidemics in the past. india belongs to the intermediate endemicity zone for hbv carriers. hbv is the major cause of chronic liver diseas ... | 2012 | 22726997 |
| seroprevalence of hav, hbv, hcv, and hev among acute hepatitis patients at kenyatta national hospital in nairobi, kenya. | acute viral hepatitis is most frequently caused by the hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis d virus (hdv) and hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2012 | 26856042 |
| genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of human hepatitis e virus in nanjing, china. | to investigate the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of hepatitis e virus (hev) and assess the potential risk factors for sporadic hepatitis e. | 2012 | 22408357 |
| hiv, hev and cirrhosis: evidence of a possible link from eastern spain. | the aim of the study was to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in an hiv-infected population, as determined by hev immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies (anti-hev). | 2012 | 22257075 |
| assessment of f-rna coliphage as a potential indicator of enteric virus contamination of hog carcasses. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is common in pigs, and some swine hev strains are closely related to human strains. the zoonotic transmission of hev is now well established. hev can be detected by molecular techniques, but the significance of the presence of viral nucleic acid is questionable when foods are subjected to virus inactivation treatments. f-rna coliphages are attractive candidates as indicators for enteric viruses because they are similar in size and survival characteristics and can be rapid ... | 2012 | 22856576 |
| hepatitis e vaccine development: a 14 year odyssey. | the first prophylactic vaccine, hecolin®, against hepatitis e virus (hev) infection and the hev associated disease was approved by china's state food and drug administration (sfda) in december 2011. key milestones during the 14-year hev vaccine development are summarized in this commentary. after years of innovative research the recombinant virus-like particle (vlp) based antigen with virion-like epitopes was successfully produced in e. coli production platform on a commercial scale. safety and ... | 2012 | 22699438 |
| feeding of the probiotic bacterium enterococcus faecium ncimb 10415 differentially affects shedding of enteric viruses in pigs. | effects of probiotic bacteria on viral infections have been described previously. here, two groups of sows and their piglets were fed with or without feed supplementation of the probiotic bacterium enterococcus faecium ncimb 10415. shedding of enteric viruses naturally occurring in these pigs was analyzed by quantitative real-time rt-pcr. no differences between the groups were recorded for hepatitis e virus, encephalomyocarditis virus and norovirus. in contrast, astrovirus was exclusively detect ... | 2012 | 22838386 |
| giv noroviruses and other enteric viruses in bivalves: a preliminary study. | we evaluated the presence of the enteric viruses: norovirus, adenovirus, enterovirus, astrovirus, hepatitis a virus, and hepatitis e virus in bivalves using nested pcr methods and cell culture assays. noroviruses gii.4 and giv.1, adenoviruses types 1 and 2, hepatitis a, and echovirus type 7 were detected in the shellfish tested, which were often co-infected. this is the first study to detect such a high level of viral contamination in italian mussels (up to four different viral groups in a singl ... | 2012 | 22378550 |
| guillain-barré syndrome associated with acute hepatitis e infection. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a neurological emergency that warrants prompt diagnosis and treatment. occasionally, the clinical, laboratory and electrophysiological features are neither typical nor diagnostic. it requires a high index of suspicion and clinical judgement for early diagnosis and commencement of treatment in those scenarios. some pathogens are potential triggers of this serious neurological disease, including: campylobacter jejuni, mycoplasma pneumoniae and cytomegalovirus. alth ... | 2012 | 22285113 |
| [the new microbiological hazards in food]. | this paper describes the new microbiological hazards in food. for protecting human health, nowadays food safety authorities face with many challenges, that years ago were largely unheard. in 2011 verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o104:h4 has been isolated in germany. strain came from fenugreek sprouts originated from egypt. it was characterized by unique features such as presence of enteroaggregative escherichia coli genes (aata, aggr, aap, agga, aggc) and resistance to most antibiotics. in pol ... | 2012 | 23631259 |
| multiplex real-time rt-pcr for detecting chikungunya virus and dengue virus. | to develop diagnostic test for detection chikungunya virus (chikv and dengue virus (denv) infection. | 2012 | 22546647 |
| identical consensus sequence and conserved genomic polymorphism of hepatitis e virus during controlled interspecies transmission. | high-throughput sequencing of bile and feces from two pigs experimentally infected with human hepatitis e virus (hev) of genotype 3f revealed the same full-length consensus sequence as in the human sample. twenty-nine percent of polymorphic sites found in hev from the human sample were conserved throughout the infection of the heterologous host. the interspecies transmission of hev quasispecies is the result of a genomic negative-selection pressure on random mutations which can be deleterious to ... | 2012 | 22457521 |
| novel approach for detection of hepatitis e virus infection in german blood donors. | the risk of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e virus (hev) infections by contaminated blood products remains unknown. in the present study, we evaluated and compared different nucleic acid amplification technique (nat) methods for the detection of hev in blood components. minipools of a total of 16,125 individual blood donors were screened for the presence of hev rna using the highly sensitive realstar hev rt-pcr kit, revealing a minimum detection limit of 4.66 iu/ml. thirteen donors were hev r ... | 2012 | 22675127 |
| emerging zoonoses: the "one health approach". | zoonoses represent a public health risk recently pointed out by the spreading of previously unknown human infectious diseases emerging from animal reservoirs such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and avian influenza caused by h5n1-virus. these outbreaks have shown that animal breeding activities can pose a significant public health risk. until now, the risk of zoonoses has probably been underestimated, particularly in occupational settings. the emergence or re-emergence of bacterial (mycobac ... | 2012 | 22953235 |
| molecular biology and replication of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a single-stranded, positive-sense rna virus, is responsible for acute hepatitis e epidemics in many developing countries, and the virus is also endemic in some industrialized countries. hepatitis e is a recognized zoonotic disease, and several animal species, including pigs, are potential reservoirs for hev. the genome of hev contains three open reading frames (orfs). orf1 encodes the nonstructural proteins, orf2 encodes the capsid protein, and orf3 encodes a small multi ... | 2012 | 26038426 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e antibodies and risk profile of hev seropositivity in the netherlands, 2006-2007. | summaryhepatitis e virus (hev) is now considered an endemic pathogen in industrialized countries, leading to acute and sometimes chronic hepatitis, mostly in vulnerable people. the endemic sources are unclear. a survey in the netherlands in 2006-2007 showed a 1·9% seroprevalence of hev antibodies measured by elisa and confirmed by immunoblot in a nationwide sample. overall, in 134/7072 (1·9%) seropositive individuals, older age (p<0·01), being male (p<0·01), working with patients (p=0·03), worki ... | 2012 | 22269886 |
| emerging and re-emerging swine viruses. | in the past two decades or so, a number of viruses have emerged in the global swine population. some, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), cause economically important diseases in pigs, whereas others such as porcine torque teno virus (ttv), now known as torque teno sus virus (ttsuv), porcine bocavirus (pbov) and related novel parvoviruses, porcine kobuvirus, porcine toroviruses (ptov) and porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (pl ... | 2012 | 22225855 |
| hepatitis e virus-specific t-cell response after transplantation. | 2012 | 22234861 | |
| Prevalence of specific antibody to hepatitis E virus in the general population of the community of Madrid, Spain. | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an infectious agent causing hepatitis among humans. Although hepatitis E has been reported from many European countries, its incidence in Europe is largely unknown, and the prevalence of the HEV infection is also unknown for most countries of the region. Antibody to HEV (anti-HEV) was tested on 2,305 serum samples from the general population of the Community of Madrid (Spain) collected in the year 2008 among people aged 2-60 years. Total anti-HEV was tested by enzyme-i ... | 2012 | 22095537 |
| second generation of pseudotype-based serum neutralization assay for nipah virus antibodies: sensitive and high-throughput analysis utilizing secreted alkaline phosphatase. | nipah virus (niv), paramyxoviridae, henipavirus, is classified as a biosafety level (bsl) 4 pathogen, along with the closely related hendra virus (hev). a novel serum neutralization test was developed for measuring niv neutralizing antibodies under bsl2 conditions using a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) expressing secreted alkaline phosphatase (seap) and pseudotyped with niv f/g proteins (vsv-niv-seap). a unique characteristic of this novel assay is the ability to obtain neutralizat ... | 2012 | 22115786 |
| occurrence of hepatitis e virus rna in plasma donations from sweden, germany and the united states. | 2012 | 22220775 | |
| coronavirus infection of rat dorsal root ganglia: ultrastructural characterization of viral replication, transfer, and the early response of satellite cells. | swine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev) has been shown to have a capability to gain access to the cell bodies of sensory neurons after peripheral inoculation, resulting in ganglionic infection. it is not clearly understood how this virus is replicated within and released from the sensory neurons, and it remains to know how satellite cells response to the hev invasion. by ultrastructurally examining hev-infected rat dorsal root ganglia, we found that hev in the cell bodies of infecte ... | 2012 | 22248641 |
| hepatitis b and e viral infections among nigerian healthcare workers. | there is dearth of information on hepatitis e virus (hev) infection and its co-infection with hbv among nigerian healthcare workers (hcws). hence, there is the need to determine the rate of hev infection and its association with hbv among hcws who are at greater risk of nosocomial infections. | 2012 | 23672103 |
| identification of hev in symptom-free migrants and environmental samples in italy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. the occurrence of hev genotypes in samples of faeces from asymptomatic migrants arriving on the coasts of south italy and environmental samples was investigated. analyses of sequences were used to compare human and environmental genotypes. a total of 40 stool specimens, 12 samples of untreated urban sewage, 12 samples of treated urban sewage and 12 samples of surface water were analysed. viruses were concentr ... | 2012 | 23647961 |
| [establishment and application of taqman real-time rt-pcr for the detection of hepatitis e virus]. | to establish a specific taqman-based real-time pcr assay for the detection of hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2012 | 23627038 |
| lack of evidence of hepatitis e virus infection among renal transplant recipients in a disease-endemic area. | persistent hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has been reported among solid-organ transplant recipients in nonendemic areas. such chronic infections have all been related to genotype 3 hev, which is prevalent in these areas. whether persistent infection occurs with genotype 1 hev, prevalent in areas where the infection is hyperendemic, is unclear. we therefore tested sera from renal transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive agents in india, where genotype 1 hev infection is endemic, for a ... | 2012 | 23490383 |
| harmonised investigation of the occurrence of human enteric viruses in the leafy green vegetable supply chain in three european countries. | numerous outbreaks have been attributed to the consumption of raw or minimally processed leafy green vegetables contaminated with enteric viral pathogens. the aim of the present study was an integrated virological monitoring of the salad vegetables supply chain in europe, from production, processing and point-of-sale. samples were collected and analysed in greece, serbia and poland, from 'general' and 'ad hoc' sampling points, which were perceived as critical points for virus contamination. gene ... | 2012 | 23412890 |
| potential risk of norovirus infection due to the consumption of "ready to eat" food. | in this study, we investigated the presence of enteric viruses such as norovirus (nov), hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis e virus (hev), and adenovirus (hadv), in vegetables available on the italian markets. for this aim, 110 national and international "ready to eat" samples were collected and analyzed by biomolecular tests and positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. all samples (100 %) were negative for hav, hev, and hadv, while 13.6 % (15/110) were positive for nov. actually there is n ... | 2012 | 23412835 |
| occurrence of human enteric viruses in commercial mussels at retail level in three european countries. | in this study, the prevalence of different enteric viruses in commercial mussels was evaluated at the retail level in three european countries (finland, greece and spain). a total of 153 mussel samples from different origins were analysed for human norovirus (nov) genogroups i and ii, hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev). human adenovirus (hadv) was also tested as an indicator of human faecal contamination. a full set of controls (such as sample process control, internal amplifica ... | 2012 | 23412813 |
| clinical features and risk factors of acute hepatitis e with severe jaundice. | to compares the clinical features of patients infected with hepatitis e virus (hev) with or without severe jaundice. in addition, the risk factors for hev infection with severe jaundice were investigated. | 2012 | 23326133 |
| susceptibility of laboratory rats against genotypes 1, 3, 4, and rat hepatitis e viruses. | to determine whether or not rats are susceptible to hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, each of group containing three laboratory rats (wistar) were experimentally inoculated with genotypes 1, 3, 4 and rat hev by intravenous injection. serum and stool samples were collected and used to detect hev rna and anti-hev antibodies by rt-pcr and elisa, respectively. the virus infection was monitored up to 3 months after inoculation. none of the serum or stool samples collected from the rats inoculated wi ... | 2012 | 23317806 |
| [experience of application of multiplex qpcr for differential diagnostics of intestinal viral infections]. | evaluate the effectiveness of multiplex reverse transcription (rt) and polymerase chain reaction with fluorescence detection in real time mode (qpcr) methods for differential detection of 11 groups of intestine viruses (adenoviruses, enteroviruses, polioviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses, group a and c rotaviruses, orthoreoviruses, noroviruses, sapoviruses and astroviruses) in various biological samples. | 2012 | 23297630 |
| [typing and identification of non-polio enterovirus from acute flaccid paralysis cases in ningxia, 1997-2011]. | to identify the serotype of 73 non-polio enterovirus (npev) strains from acute flaccid paralysis (afp) cases in ningxia province, during 1997 - 2011. | 2012 | 23290905 |
| does high viral load of hepatitis e virus influence the severity and prognosis of acute liver failure during pregnancy? | the incidence and mortality in pregnant women with acute liver failure caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) is high. data on the viral load of hev during pregnancy are limited. the study was designed to determine the viral load of hev and its association with the disease severity in patients with acute liver failure. a total of hev related 163 patients with acute liver failure which included 105 pregnant, 46 non-pregnant women and girls and 12 men and 730 patients with acute viral hepatitis which c ... | 2012 | 23280991 |
| a cross-sectional study of hepatitis e virus infection in healthy people directly exposed and unexposed to pigs in a rural community in northern thailand. | a cross-sectional study of the association between occupational pig exposure and hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in adult pig farmers and the general population who were not directly exposed to pigs was conducted in nan province, thailand, from november 2010 to april 2011. all participants were interviewed to provide information on their job history, eating habits and other potential confounders. the prevalence of anti-hev immunoglobulin g antibodies (igg) among 513 subjects was 23.0%. hand wa ... | 2012 | 23280251 |
| serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in hepatitis e virus-related acute viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure in pregnant women. | aim: the host response in hepatitis e virus (hev)-related liver disease of pregnant women is unclear. this study was carried out to evaluate the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α in hev-related acute viral hepatitis (avh) and fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) in pregnant women in relation to pregnancy outcome. methods: the study included 262 pregnant and 158 non-pregnant women with jaundice. there were 160 healthy asymptomatic pregnant women and 124 healthy asymptomatic non-preg ... | 2012 | 23279190 |
| rabbit as a novel animal model for hepatitis e virus infection and vaccine evaluation. | the identification of hepatitis e virus (hev) from rabbits motivated us to assess the possibility of using rabbits as a non-human primate animal model for hev infection and vaccine evaluation. | 2012 | 23272124 |
| hepatitis e virus infection: multiple faces of an underestimated problem. | 2012 | 23266489 | |
| hepatitis e virus and hepatitis a virus exposures in an apparently healthy high-risk population in italy. | the prevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) and anti-hepatitis a virus (hav), as well as the possible links with socio-demographic and other viral risks factors, were evaluated in an inmates population. | 2012 | 23264095 |
| evolution of the hepatitis e virus polyproline region: order from disorder. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) polyproline region (ppr) is an intrinsically unstructured region (idr). this relaxed structure allows idrs, which are implicated in the regulation of transcription and translation, to bind multiple ligands. originally the nucleotide variability seen in the hev ppr was assumed to be due to high rates of insertion and deletion. this study shows that the mutation rate is about the same in the ppr as in the rest of the nonstructural polyprotein. the difference between the ... | 2012 | 22811526 |