Publications

antibacterial activity of lactobacillus species against vibrio species.	forty-one lactobacillus strains were tested for antagonistic activity against nine strains of vibrio. l. plantarum and l. casei were the most effective, and l. brevis was the least effective in inhibiting the growth of vibrio species. l. gasseri and l. helveticus strains showed higher activity, while l. reuteri and l. fermentum showed lower inhibitory activity against vibrio species. l. acidophilus strains exhibited various degrees of antagonistic activities against vibrio species. however, none ...	1998	9880930
[current knowledge of the immunogenetics of spondylarthritis].		1998	2140156
synthesis and evaluation of n-acetylneuraminic acid-based affinity matrices for the purification of sialic acid-recognizing proteins.	the synthesis of 2-s-(2-aminoethyl) 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-2-thio-d-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid (1) has been successfully achieved from the precursors methyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-o-acetyl-2-s-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-2-thio-d-glyce ro-alpha-d-galacto-2-nonulopyranosonate (2) and 2-bromo-n-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-ethylamine (5). compounds 1 and 2 were coupled, via amino and thioglycosidic linkages, respectively, to epoxy-activated sepharose 6b. the resultant affinity adsorbents have proved e ...	1998	9881772
program of the 41st annual scientific meeting of the japan society of obstetrics and gynecology. okayama, april 2-4, 1989. abstracts.		1998	2809342
note: characterization of vibrio cholerae o139 bengal isolated from water in malaysia.	four vibrio cholerae o139 bengal strains isolated from surface water were characterized by antibiotic resistance, plasmid profile, presence of cholera toxin gene and random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. all four strains exhibit multiple resistance towards the antibiotics tested with a multiple antibiotic resistance index of 0.5-0.66, and harboured a 2.0 mda non-conjugative plasmid. the vibrio cholerae o139 bengal were positive for the cholera toxin gene. antibiotyping and ran ...	1998	9871327
radiation treatment of urinary bladder carcinoma.	a series of 602 patients with verified urinary bladder cancer have been treated with full irradiation in the period 1957--1970. as expected, the survival rate decreased with increasing stage of the tumour. another group was randomized and treated according to either of two fractionation schemes. this trial started in 1971 and shows that there is increased survival and tumour clearance rate with superfractionation.	1998	105441
antisera to selected outer membrane proteins of vibrio cholerae protect against challenge with homologous and heterologous strains of v. cholerae.	each year cholera epidemics occur in various places around the world. though there is no effective vaccine against cholera, people who recover from an infection usually have prolonged immunity to the disease. sera from convalescent patients contain antibodies to a number of outer membrane proteins (omps) of v. cholerae. we isolated several omps (43, 42, 30, and 22 kda) from v. cholerae v86 e1 tor inaba, sequenced their amino-termini, and generated hyperimmune sera against them in rabbits. antise ...	1998	9879921
distribution of hla histocompatibility antigens, abo blood groups and rh antigens in alcoholic liver disease.	the distribution of 16 antigens of the hla-a and 15 antigens of the hla-b series of hla system, the blood groups abo, and rh antigens were studied in 40 alcoholics with cirrhosis, 18 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and in normal control subjects. the group of alcoholics with cirrhosis showed a significantly high frequency of hla-b13 (corrected p less than 0.01) when compared with normal subjects, while the frequency of hla-b13 was similar to normal in alcoholics without cirrhosis. on the basis of ...	1998	109357
impact of medium-chain monoglycerides on intestinal colonisation by vibrio cholerae or enterotoxigenic escherichia coli.	although a number of studies have shown that various free fatty acids (ffas) and monoacylglycerides (mgs) have bactericidal properties in vitro, the role of these compounds in vivo has not been determined. this study evaluated the antibacterial properties of medium-chain mgs and ffas for different bacterial enteropathogens with an in-vitro bacterial killing assay and an in-vivo model of intestinal colonisation. incubation of test bacteria with medium-chain mgs for 4 h led to 100-10,000-fold redu ...	1998	9879938
drug dependence programme of the world health organization.		1998	121365
molecular characterization of vibrio cholerae o1 strains isolated in romania.	a collection of 89 vibrio cholerae o1 strains, isolated in romania between 1977 and 1994, and 6 strains from the republic of moldavia, was characterized by ribotyping, toxin gene restriction pattern (toxinogenotype) and distribution of cholera toxin gene (ctx), accessory toxin gene (ace) and zonula occludens toxin gene (zot). after bg/i endonuclease restriction of chromosomal dna, a total of 18 ribotypes and 21 toxinogenotypes were distinguished. deletions in the core region of the toxin gene ca ...	1998	9921581
intracytoplasmic type a particles from mammary tumours and leukaemias of strain icrc mice.	the ovarian-hormone-induced leukaemias of strain icrc mice, with an abundance of intracytoplasmic type a particles in primary as well as transplanted lesions, were used to study morphological, biophysical, immunological and structural characteristics of type a particles. mammary tumours of strains icrc and c3h(jax) were also used as sources for type a particles. the purified virions banded at the density of 1.20 g/ml in 12--60% linear sucrose-density gradient when subjected to spinning at 113,00 ...	1998	107957
[outcome of patients treated with intra-peritoneal immunochemotherapy for ovarian cancer].	the aim of this study is to show that i.p. chemotherapy improves the evolution of the patients with an ovarian cancer, as the risk of a small number of complications due to this route of administration.	1998	9864886
effect of atropine on plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration in healthy subjects.	this work shows that an intravenous infusion of atropine increases the concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) in the plasma of healthy subjects. the effect is discussed in reference to the heart rate and the role of the autonomic nervous system in the control of anp secretion by atrial cardiocytes.	1998	2141774
study of proteases and other enzymes of vibrio cholerae 01 e2 tor and 0139 serotypes isolated in yavatmal (maharashtra).	v. cholerae 01 e1 tor isolated during cholera epidemic of 1994 and v cholerae 0139 serotype isolated during 1993 epidemic were subjected to the study of proteases and other enzymes. out of 26 strains of v. cholerae 01 studied, gelatinase and caseinase activity was seen in 100 and 69.23 percent strains respectively. all strains showed catalase and oxidase activity. of the other enzymes studied 19.23, 65.38 and 57.69 percent strains were positive for dnase, lipase and phosphatase respectively. non ...	1998	9866901
membrane protein organization in atp-depleted and irreversibly sickled red cells.		1998	108478
characterization of non-membrane-damaging cytotoxin of non-toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 and its relevance to disease.	the non-membrane-damaging cytotoxin which causes dramatic cell rounding of cultured hela cells was purified to homogeneity from a clinical strain (wo5) of non-toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 inaba belonging to the e1 tor biotype. the purified protein has a denatured molecular weight of 35 kda and a native molecular weight of approximately 37 kda indicating the monomeric nature of the protein. the 15 n-terminal amino acid sequence of non-membrane-damaging cytotoxin showed complete homology to the he ...	1998	9868778
angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia.	angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a recently recognized lesion of skin consisting of atypical vascular paroliferation and variable inflammatory cell infiltration. a case is described here of a similar lesion presenting as an intraoral swelling. in addition to showing the histological features generally associated with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, the present case exhibited striking smooth muscle proliferation.	1998	108376
novel approaches for oral delivery of macromolecules.	traditional forms of administrations of nonabsorbable drugs and peptides often rely on their parenteral injection, since the intestinal epithelium is poorly permeable to these therapeutical agents. a number of innovative drug delivery approaches have been recently developed, including the drug entrapment within small vesicles or their passage through the intestinal paracellular pathway. zonula occludens toxin, a recently discovered protein elaborated by vibrio cholerae, provided tools to gain mo ...	1998	9811489
compatibility of various materials with oral tissues. ii: pulp responses to composite ingredients.	eight ingredients of composite materials were evaluated individually for pulp irritation. none caused significant inflammation as evidenced by its average response. no abscess formations or lesions predominating in leukocytes occurred.	1998	108322
[cholera update and vaccination problems].	cholera remains an important public health problem. the long-term control of cholera depends on good personal hygiene, uncontaminated water supply and appropriate sewage disposal. however, the improvement of hygiene is distant goal for many countries. thus the availability of an effective cholera vaccine is important for the prevention of cholera in these countries. research on new cholera vaccines has mainly focused on oral formulations that stimulate the mucosal secretory immune system. two or ...	1998	9812307
long-term survival in multiple myeloma.		1998	98920
cholera in children in karachi from 1990 through 1995: a study of cases admitted to a tertiary care hospital.	although cholera is an endemic disease in bangladesh, india and other countries, it was never a significant cause of gastroenteritis in pakistan before 1988. since then, cases of cholera are identified each year, both in adults and children in pakistan. in order to see the contribution of vibrio cholerae as a cause of gastroenteritis in children, we reviewed the cases of cholera admitted in the pediatric ward of the aga khan university hospital, karachi, pakistan. of 4346 children hospitalized w ...	1998	9813989
[problems of diabetes mellitus and obesity in children].		1998	98916
preliminary report on genotyping of vibrio cholerae non-o1 isolates in taiwan by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.		1998	10496169
factors influencing the initiation of carious lesions in specific tooth surfaces over a 4-year period in children between the ages of 11-12 years and 15-16 years.	an analysis of factors influencing the initiation of carious lesions on specific tooth surfaces over a 4-year period in children between the ages of 11-12 years and 15-16 years is presented. approximately 1000 children, resident in the county of south glamorgan, wales, were assessed for caries status and oral cleanliness in 1980 when aged 11-12 years and again in 1984 when aged 15-16 years. on both occasions, the children completed detailed questionnaires on dental health-related topics. surface ...	1998	2212201
[the excretion pattern and protective capacity in rabbits orally immunized with attenuated strains of vibrio cholerae o1 biotype el tor].	in order to study the excretion patterns, colonization and protective capacity of live attenuated strains of vibrio cholerae o1. el tor, rabbits were immunized in new zealand with these strains and their corresponding parental strains. 2 doses were administered by the model of oral inoculation in adult rabbits. rabbits were rotated 2 weeks after the second dose by the model of ligated intestine with highly virulent strains of v. cholerae o1 ogawa and inaba serotypes and o139 serogroup. it was pr ...	1998	10349429
official opening (t.g.h. strehlow).		1998	105703
[discovery of ten strains of non-o1 vibrio cholerae pigmentogens].	to study the distribution of non-o1 vibrio cholerae pigmentogens in water and its biological characteristics and pathogenicity.	1998	10322778
serum lipids and lipoproteins in type 2 diabetic patients with persistent microalbuminuria.	to investigate whether persistent microalbuminuria is related to altered levels of both lipids and apolipoproteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus serum total-cholesterol, triglycerides, hdl-cholesterol, ldl-cholesterol, apolipoprotein a-i, and apolipoprotein b were measured by standard methods in a group of type 2 diabetic patients affected by persistent microalbuminuria (albumin excretion rate (aer) 20-200 micrograms min-1) as compared with a group of sex- and age-matched non-microalbuminuric pati ...	1998	2148134
cholera in the 1990s.	two strains of vibrio cholerae are currently significant in cholera: a remnant from the sixth pandemic (1899-1923) still present in south asia and the seventh pandemic strain which emerged in 1961. the 1990s were marked by spread of the seventh pandemic to south america in 1991 and appearance of an o139 form of the seventh pandemic strain in 1992 (or possibly 1991), which in 1993 predominated in some areas but then declined. molecular analysis showed that the sixth and the seventh pandemic clone ...	1998	10326288
variability of prolactin response to intravenous and intramuscular haloperidol in normal adult men.	serum prolactin (prl) concentrations were monitored in seven normal adult men for 1 h before and 7 h after i.v. and i.m. injection of 0.25 mg and 0.50 mg haloperidol. the magnitude of the prl response was dose-related but quite variable across subjects. the patterns of prl secretion over the 7 h post-injection period also varied greatly among the subjects. differences in serum heloperidol concentrations accounted for 88% of the variability in the magnitude of the prl response to the 0.5 mg im ha ...	1998	108715
evaluation of the cholera spot test: a chromatographic immunoassay for the rapid detection of cholera antigen.	a chromatographic immunoassay cholera antigen detection kit, the cholera spot test, was evaluated. the test was found to be specific with a sensitivity of 10(6) cfu/ml for the direct detection of v. cholerae in simulated stool specimens and 10 cfu/ml in simulated cotton-tipped swab specimens after overnight incubation in alkaline peptone water. this enables early recognition of cholera cases and their contacts so that prevention and control measures can be promptly instituted.	1998	10879261
[disturbances in phosphate metabolism during parenteral alimentation. hypophosphatemic syndrome].		1998	24396
toxr-independent expression of cholera toxin from the replicative form of ctxphi.	the ctxab operon, which encodes cholera toxin, resides in the genome of ctxphi, a filamentous bacteriophage. within vibrio cholerae cells, the ctxphi genome can exist either as a replicating plasmid or as a prophage integrated into the chromosome. previous work established that toxr is required for chromosomal ctxab expression. we have learned that strains harboring the ctxphi replicative form produce cholera toxin under all conditions tested, independently of toxr. during passage of ctxphi lyso ...	1998	9423889
[feeding of patients following total laryngectomy].		1998	108651
rapid detection of vibrio cholerae o1 in west africa.		1998	9433429
[pharmacodynamics of sustak and nitrong in patients with angina pectoris].		1998	107611
tcpp protein is a positive regulator of virulence gene expression in vibrio cholerae.	the production of several virulence factors in vibrio cholerae o1, including cholera toxin and the pilus colonization factor tcp (toxin-coregulated pilus), is strongly influenced by environmental conditions. to specifically identify membrane proteins involved in these signal transduction events, we examined a transposon library of v. cholerae generated by tnbla mutagenesis for cells that produce tcp when grown under various nonpermissive conditions. to select for tcp-producing cells we used the ...	1998	9435261
copper: essential for health in long-term parenteral hyperalimentation.		1998	107606
differential regulation of multiple flagellins in vibrio cholerae.	vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the human diarrheal disease cholera, is a motile bacterium with a single polar flagellum. motility has been implicated as a virulence determinant in some animal models of cholera, but the relationship between motility and virulence has not yet been clearly defined. we have begun to define the regulatory circuitry controlling motility. we have identified five v. cholerae flagellin genes, arranged in two chromosomal loci, flaac and flaedb; all five genes hav ...	1998	9440520
[unusual fetomaternal blood group antagonism].		1998	105299
on the antigenic determinants of the lipopolysaccharides of vibrio cholerae o:1, serotypes ogawa and inaba.	monoclonal, murine igg1s s-20-4, a-20-6, and iga 2d6, directed against vibrio cholerae o:1 ogawa-lipopolysaccharide exhibited the same fine specificities and similar affinities for the synthetic methyl alpha-glycosides of the (oligo)saccharide fragments mimicking the ogawa o-polysaccharide (o-ps). they did not react with the corresponding synthetic fragments of inaba o-ps. igg1s s-20-4 and a-20-6 have absolute affinity constants for synthetic ogawa mono- to hexasaccharides of from approximately ...	1998	9446585
[prof. robert debré].		1998	107568
emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in strains of vibrio cholerae isolated from hospitalized patients with acute diarrhea in calcutta, india.		1998	9449291
the genetic toxicology of phenoxy acids other than 2,4,5-t.		1998	107443
antibodies and antibody-secreting cells in the female genital tract after vaginal or intranasal immunization with cholera toxin b subunit or conjugates.	we studied the antibody response including antibody-secreting cells (asc) in the female genital tract of mice after mucosal immunizations with the recombinant b subunit of cholera toxin (rctb) perorally, intraperitoneally, vaginally, and intranasally (i.n.). the strongest genital antibody responses as measured with a novel perfusion-extraction method were induced after vaginal and i.n. immunizations, and these routes also gave rise to specific immunoglobulin a (iga) and igg asc in the genital mu ...	1998	9453604
cerebrospinal fluid-, blood-, and ascitis-catecholamines in hepatic cirrhosis.	the consideration of the extensive innervation of liver parenchyma, together with data relating to the degradation of catecholamines in the liver and the importance of hepatic vascular process in hepatic cirrhosis, prompted us to investigate the behaviour of catecholamines in this condition. the following parameters were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (csf), blood and ascitis fluid: total catecholamines, adrenaline and noradrenaline. during hepatic cirrhosis, total catecholamines level in blood ...	1998	106413
investigation of the roles of toxin-coregulated pili and mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin pili in the pathogenesis of vibrio cholerae o139 infection.	in this study, adult volunteers were fed tcpa and msha deletion mutants of v. cholerae o139 strain cvd 112 to determine the role of toxin-coregulated pili (tcp) and mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (msha) in intestinal colonization. eight of 10 volunteers who received cvd 112 or cvd 112 delta msha shed the vaccine strains in their stools; the geometric mean peak excretion for both groups was 1.4 x 10(5) cfu/g of stool. in contrast, only one of nine recipients of cvd 112 delta tcpa shed vibrios in ...	1998	9453628
thyroid hormone binding protein in chronic active hepatitis.		1998	106280
use of representational difference analysis to identify genomic differences between pathogenic strains of vibrio cholerae.	representational difference analysis (rda) is a recently developed technique used for amplifying genetic differences between two closely related genomes. we compared rda and a modified version of rda to examine genomic differences between the two vibrio cholerae serogroups that cause epidemic cholera, o1 and o139, and between the two biotypes of the o1 serogroup. with both techniques, we recovered several sequences known to be found only in v. cholerae o139 but absent in its presumed progenitor, ...	1998	9453654
[clinical significance of lipid metabolic indices in diabetes mellitus in children].		1998	98917
induction of fimbriated vibrio cholerae o139.	several fimbriated phases of vibrio cholerae o139 strains were selectively induced and compared immunologically and biochemically with those of v. cholerae o1. fimbrial antigens were detected on the surfaces of vibrio cells colonizing the epithelial cells of a rabbit small intestine. convalescent-phase sera from six individuals infected with v. cholerae o139 revealed the development of antibody against the fimbrillin. these findings suggest that the fimbriae of v. cholerae o1 and o139 are expres ...	1998	9455882
morphologic effects of thio-tepa on mammalian urothelium. changes in abnormal cells.	morphologic changes induced by thio-tepa were examined in animals with chemically induced neoplasms. both toxic and metabolic effects were documented. degeneration, vacuolization and increased exfoliation (toxic) were most prominent, occurred within 48 hours of exposure, and tended to subside after removal of the drug. nuclear changes (metabolic) were rare and occurred late. neither toxic nor metabolic effects were specific for thio-tepa: both could be detected in control animals receiving salin ...	1998	104512
analysis of bacillus subtilis tagab and tagdef expression during phosphate starvation identifies a repressor role for phop-p.	the tagab and tagdef operons, which are adjacent and divergently transcribed, encode genes responsible for cell wall teichoic acid synthesis in bacillus subtilis. the bacillus data presented here suggest that phop and phor are required for direct repression of transcription of the two operons under phosphate starvation conditions but have no regulatory role under phosphate-replete conditions. these data identify for the first time that phop-p has a negative role in pho regulon gene regulation.	1998	9457886
the use of titanium (iv) oxide for the immobilisation of carbohydrate-directed enzymes.	the use of particles of porous titanium (iv) oxide as a suitable matrix for enzyme immobilisation has been investigated with dextranase. treatment of the particles with enzyme in the presence and absence of ammonium ions showed that the presence of ammonia induced a greater coupling of protein, whereas a greater retention of enzyme specific activity was achieved in the absence of ammonia. properties of the immobilised enzyme include a ph-dependence and reversibility of the coupling between enzym ...	1998	20228
a functional homolog of escherichia coli nhar in vibrio cholerae.	escherichia coli nhar controls expression of a sodium/proton (na+/h+) antiporter, nhaa. the vibrio cholerae nhar protein shows over 60% identity to those of escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis. v. cholerae nhar complements an e. coli nhar mutant for growth in 100 mm licl-33 mm nacl, ph 7.6, and enhances the na+-dependent induction of an e. coli chromosomal nhaa::lacz fusion. these findings indicate functional homology to e. coli nhar. two v. cholerae nhar mutants were constructed by usin ...	1998	9457888
peripheral nerve pathway to the ciliary muscle.		1998	108120
isolation and characterization of a putative multidrug resistance pump from vibrio cholerae.	multidrug-resistant strains of vibrio cholerae (the causative agent of the diarrhoeal disease cholera) have recently been described. in an attempt to identify a homologue of the escherichia coli tolc in v. cholerae, we isolated a dna fragment (pvc) that enabled an e. coli tolc mutant to grow in the presence of 0.05% deoxycholate (doc). however, other tolc defects were not complemented. nucleotide sequence analysis of this fragment revealed the presence of two open reading frames (orf1 and orf2) ...	1998	9466256
the location of 5s rna genes in lampbrush polytene chromosomes from drosophila.		1998	108119
bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps)-specific antibodies in commercial human immunoglobulin preparations: superior antibody content of an igm-enriched product.	the anti-lps antibody content of commercial intravenous immunoglobulins was examined by quantitative elisa using lps preparations from escherichia coli, klebsiella and pseudomonas aeruginosa o serotypes occurring most frequently in gram-negative septicaemia. three igg products from different manufacturers and one igm-enriched product were tested. mean antibody levels were significantly higher in the igm fraction of the igm-enriched product compared with 'pure' igg products, indicating that natur ...	1998	9472665
effects of apomorphine upon local cerebral blood flow.	the effects of apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg) upon local cerebral blood flow were examined in anaesthetized baboons. proportionately similar increases in local cerebral blood flow were observed following apomorphine in the caudate nucleus (40%), cerebral cortex (38%) and cerebellar cortex (26%), despite the marked differences in the density of the dopaminergic innervation to these structures.	1998	108114
role of rpos in stress survival and virulence of vibrio cholerae.	vibrio cholerae is known to persist in aquatic environments under nutrient-limiting conditions. to analyze the possible involvement of the alternative sigma factor encoded by rpos, which is shown to be important for survival during nutrient deprivation in several other bacterial species, a v. cholerae rpos homolog was cloned by functional complementation of an escherichia coli mutant by using a wild-type genomic library. sequence analysis of the complementing clone revealed an 1.008-bp open read ...	1998	9473029
infusion hepatotomography for evaluation of obstructive jaundice.	total body opacification with high doses of a urographic contrast agent demonstrated dilated intrahepatic biliary ducts as branching or rounded lucencies in all of 18 patients with obstructive jaundice. dilated extrahepatic ducts were seen as tubular lucencies in 11 of 16 patients with distal common bile duct obstruction. in seven patients with nonobstructive jaundice and in a control group of 25, the biliary ducts were either normal or not seen. gallbladder size was also evaluated. the site of ...	1998	105580
ordered cloned dna map of the genome of vibrio cholerae 569b and localization of genetic markers.	by using a low-resolution macrorestriction map as the foundation (r. majumder et al., j. bacteriol. 176:1105-1112, 1996), an ordered cloned dna map of the 3.2-mb chromosome of the hypertoxinogenic strain 569b of vibrio cholerae has been constructed. a cosmid library the size of about 4,000 clones containing more than 120 mb of v. cholerae genomic dna (40-genome equivalent) was generated. by combining landmark analysis and chromosome walking, the cosmid clones were assembled into 13 contigs cover ...	1998	9473045
[infection in biliary surgery. per and post-operative bacteriological study (author's transl)].		1998	107009
change of ganglioside accessibility at the plasma membrane surface of cultured neurons, following protein kinase c activation.	while the mechanism of signal transduction across the plasma membrane from the exo- to the endoplasmic side has been extensively investigated, the possible return of messages back to the outer layer is less known. we studied the effect of protein kinase c activation on the ganglioside accessibility at the exoplasmic face of intact rat cerebellar granule cells in culture, using the enzyme sialidase as the probing molecule. under the experimental conditions (1 milliunit/ml enzyme, 2 min incubation ...	1998	9485467
evaluation of nutritional indices as prognostic indicators in the cancer patient.	the nutritional and immunological status of 140 malnourished cancer patients who were to receive intravenous hyperalimentation (ivh) were evaluated prior to treatment with ivh and chemotherapy (cmx), surgery or radiation therapy (xrt). subsequently, these indices were correlated with responses to treatment. cell-mediated immunocompetent (cmi+) patients (41%) had lost an average weight of 10 +/- 2.2 lbs., while cell-mediated immunoincompetent (cmi-) patients (59%) had lost an average weight of 31 ...	1998	106954
ph-independent retrograde targeting of glycolipids to the golgi complex.	a small fraction of the molecules internalized by endocytosis reaches the golgi complex through a retrograde pathway that is poorly understood. in the present work, we used bacterial toxins to study the retrograde pathway in vero cells. the recombinant b subunit of verotoxin 1b (vt1b) was labeled with fluorescein to monitor its progress within the cell by confocal microscopy. this toxin, which binds specifically to the glycolipid globotriaosyl ceramide, entered endosomes by both clathrin-depende ...	1998	9486120
radiation in multidisciplinary treatment of children with malignant ovarian tumors.	thirteen girls with malignant ovarian tumors treated at memorial hospital from august 1971 through october 1975 with extensive surgery, multi-drug chemotherapy (t-2 protocol) and postoperative radiation were reviewed. the plan of radiation was to deliver 3,000 rads to the whole abdomen and boost the para-aortic and pelvic area with 1,500 rads in five to six weeks. in only two patients was the radiation conducted as planned. in others the treatment was either interrupted or discontinued due to co ...	1998	106952
structural analysis of the o-antigenic polysaccharide from vibrio mimicus n-1990.	the o-antigenic polysaccharide part of the lipopolysaccharide from vibrio mimicus n-1990 has been investigated. sugar and methylation analysis of native and dephosphorylated polysaccharide together with nmr spectroscopy show that the polysaccharide is composed of tetrasaccharide repeating units. the structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide from v. mimicus n-1990 could be determined as: -->4)-alpha-d-galpnac-(1-->3)-beta-d-galpnac-(1-->2)-4,6-p-beta-d-galp-( 1-->3)-alpha-d-galpnac-(1 ...	1998	9490076
therapeutic drug monitoring for antidepressants: efficacy, safety, and cost effectiveness.	therapeutic drug monitoring (tdm) of tricyclic antidepressants (tcas) is a cost-effective tool to increase efficacy and safety in patients suffering from major depressive illness. the concentration:antidepressant response relationships of nortriptyline, desipramine, and amitriptyline conform to a curvilinear relationship between concentration:antidepressant response; whereas, imipramine conforms to a linear relationship. besides improving efficacy, tdm identifies the subset of patients who are a ...	1998	1904862
inactivation of two haemolytic toxin genes in aeromonas hydrophila attenuates virulence in a suckling mouse model.	the contribution of two unrelated aeromonas hydrophila beta-haemolytic toxins to virulence was assessed in a suckling mouse model. the first haemolysin gene, isolated from an a. hydrophila a6 cosmid bank, encoded a potential gene product of 621 amino acids and a predicted molecular size of 69.0 kda. the inferred amino acid sequence showed 89% identity to the ahh1 haemolysin of a. hydrophila atcc 7966, and 51% identity to the hlya haemolysin of vibrio cholerae ei tor strain o17. the second haemol ...	1998	9493366
[pancreatic carcinoma on endoscopic retrograde pancreatico-cholangiogram (author's transl)].	the pancreaticographic appearances of carcinoma of the pancreas have been divided into two types: 1. canalicular carcinoma arising from the duct system. if arising from the main pancreatic duct, it occludes this, or causes displacement or deformity of its branches in the immediate neighbourhood. if arising from branches, it causes cystic ectasia of the minor ducts; these appear fragmented and deformed while there is stenosis and displacement of the main duct. simultaneous origin from the main an ...	1998	124684
characterization and possible functions of a new filamentous bacteriophage from vibrio cholerae o139.	the emergence and rapid rise to dominance of vibrio cholerae o139 in india and bangladesh in 1992 led to the consideration that choleraphage might serve as both a selective mechanism and a means for horizontal transmission of genetic information. a filamentous phage '493' from o139 strain aj27-493 has been purified and partially characterized. the phage was inactive on classical biotype v. cholerae o1 but it was active on el tor biotype strains isolated prior to 1994 when el tor re-emerged in ba ...	1998	9493369
psros and cost containment: a cautious perspective.		1998	121393
emerging infectious diseases and travel medicine.	international movement of individuals, populations, and products is one of the major factors associated with the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases as the pace of global travel and commerce increases rapidly. travel can be associated with disease emergence because (1) the disease arises in an area of heavy tourism, (2) tourists may be at heightened risk because of their activities, or (3) because they can act as vectors to transport the agent to new areas. examples of recently reco ...	1998	9494841
[detection of coronary artery spasm by the methylergometrin test. technic. results. indications].	methylergometrine (methergin) was given intravenously (0.4 mg) to 118 patients undergoing coronary arteriography. the electrocardiogramme and intraaortic pressure was continuously monitored whilst coronary arteriography was performed, 1,3, and 5 minutes after the injection of the ergot alkaloid. the test was positive if: 1) coronary spasm was observed; 2) if st segment elevation was recorded with or without pain. positive tests were obtained in 13 out of 14 patients with prinzmetal angina. the t ...	1998	107890
rise of cytosolic ca2+ and activation of membrane-bound guanylyl cyclase activity in rat enterocytes by heat-stable enterotoxin of vibrio cholerae non-01.	the cytosolic calcium level ([ca2+]i) and the membrane-bound guanylyl cyclase activity in the isolated rat intestinal epithelial cells were investigated. heat-stable enterotoxin of vibrio cholerae non-01 (nag-st) was found to increase both the [ca2+]i and the enzyme activity. these changes occur similarly until 5 min of incubation with nag-st, indicating that these changes might be involved in nag-st induced signal transduction in rat enterocytes.	1998	9495023
orojejunal feeding in low birthweight infants.		1998	107866
a vibrio cholerae pathogenicity island associated with epidemic and pandemic strains.	the bacterial species vibrio cholerae includes harmless aquatic strains as well as strains capable of causing epidemics and global pandemics of cholera. while investigating the relationship between pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains, we identified a chromosomal pathogenicity island (pai) that is present in epidemic and pandemic strains but absent from nonpathogenic strains. initially, two toxr-regulated genes (alda and taga) were studied and were found to be associated with epidemic and pandem ...	1998	9501228
phase changes of cardiolipin vesicles mediated by divalent cations.	small unilamellar vesicles were prepared from cardiolipin and produced the hexagonal ii phase when dialyzed against cacl2 or mgcl2. upon removal of the cation by dialysis against edta large unilamellar vesicles were formed. the events of the transition from the lamellar to hexagonal phase and back to the lamellar phase are described.	1998	106890
phenotypic and genotypic characterization of vibrio cholerae isolates from a recent cholera outbreak in senegal: comparison with isolates from guinea-bissau.	a total of 127 strains of vibrio cholerae (117 v. cholerae o1 and 10 nonagglutinating strains) isolated from a recent cholera outbreak in senegal and four strains isolated in guinea-bissau (during the survey of a cholera epidemic that occurred 10 months before the senegalese one) were analyzed. strains were characterized by conventional methods (biochemical and serologic identification, susceptibility to antimicrobial agents), polymerase chain reaction for genes encoding cholera toxin (ctxa), zo ...	1998	9502599
tympanostomy tubes, their use, abuse, and cost-benefit ratio.	tympanostomy tubes are employed when middle ear ventilation is indicated, particularly when other forms of treatment have failed. few other uses have broad acceptance. any other insertion of a ventilating tube implies abuse, either through error in diagnosis or deliberate misapplication. hard statistical data relating to abuse are impossible to obtain, but ample illustrations can be cited. the cost-benefit ratio is difficult to assess. cost of a myringotomy and tube versus the cost of a tympanom ...	1998	107381
recent advances in vaccine adjuvants for systemic and mucosal administration.	although vaccines produced by recombinant dna technology are safer than traditional vaccines, which are based on attenuated or inactivated bacteria or viruses, they are often poorly immunogenic. therefore, adjuvants are often required to enhance the immunogenicity of these vaccines. a number of adjuvants which are particulates of defined dimensions (<5 microm) have been shown to be effective in enhancing the immunogenicity of weak antigens in animal models. two novel adjuvants which possess sign ...	1998	9504429
medical care evaluation studies in long-term care facilities.	this report describes the selection, design, conduct, analysis, and application of medical care evaluation studies in long-term care facilities (skilled nursing homes) in a regional program in the rochester region of upstate new york. eight examples are presented to highlight methodologic approaches and problems. they are classified under four general headings: administration audits, diagnosis-specific studies, care modality-specific studies, and general outcome indicators. the implementation of ...	1998	105032
mid-life crisis for m cells.	the epithelium that lines the gut is impermeable to macromolecules and microorganisms, except in peyer's patches (pp), where the lymphoid follicle-associated epithelium (fae) contains m cells that transport antigens and microorganisms. a cultured system that reproduces the main characteristics of fae and m cells was established by cultivation of pp lymphocytes with the differentiated human intestinal cell line caco-2. lymphocytes settled into the epithelial monolayer, inducing reorganization of ...	1998	9505877
[hemodialysis and nursing. 2. indication for hemodialysis].		1998	105196
molecular analysis of non-o1, non-o139 vibrio cholerae associated with an unusual upsurge in the incidence of cholera-like disease in calcutta, india.	there was an inexplicable upsurge in the incidence of non-o1, non-o139 vibrio cholerae among hospitalized patients admitted to the infectious diseases hospital, calcutta, india, between february and march 1996. of the 18 strains of v. cholerae isolated during this period, 15 belonged to the non-o1, non-o139 serogroups (4 belonged to o144, 3 belonged to o11, 1 each belonged to o6, o8, o12, o19, o39, and o58, and 2 strains could not be typed), 2 belonged to the o139 serogroup, and 1 belonged to th ...	1998	9508308
the cerebrospinal fluid- and blood-catecholamines with essential arterial hypertension in old subjects.		1998	106411
molecular evidence that a distinct vibrio cholerae o1 biotype el tor strain in calcutta may have spread to the african continent.	we present molecular evidence that a distinct genotype of vibrio cholerae o1 which appeared in calcutta, india, in september 1993 and which is characterized by a unique ribotype that is not found in the standardized ribotyping scheme of v. cholerae and that shows a specific pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile may have spread to the west african country of guinea-bissau where it was responsible for an epidemic of cholera which began in october 1994 and continued into 1996.	1998	9508329
screening for oesophageal cancer in 62 000 chinese.		1998	90909
lipopolysaccharide o-antigen expression and the effect of its absence on virulence in rfb mutants of vibrio cholerae o1.	using defined rfb mutants, defective in the biosynthesis of the o-antigen of the lipopolysaccharide (lps), and monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the a, b and c lps antigens, we have examined the distribution of the antigens and the effects of their loss. by immunogold electron microscopy, it has been possible to determine the relative amounts of the a, b and c antigens on inaba and ogawa cells, confirming previous studies based upon bacterial agglutination and hemagglutination inhibitions. these a ...	1998	9514575
the role of magnesium in protein-energy malnutrition.	the present study was aiming to explore further the variations in the levels of mg in both serum and csf of pem children, hoping a better understanding revealed decreased values of both blood serum and csf levels of mg in pem children which denote some abnormalities in brain metabolism. such abnormalities add further support for assumption of the link between dietary insufficiency and subnormal mental performance in pem.	1998	98923
heterogeneity in the organization of the ctx genetic element in strains of vibrio cholerae o139 bengal isolated from calcutta, india and dhaka, bangladesh and its possible link to the dissimilar incidence of o139 cholera in the two locales.	after a lapse of 33 months, vibrio cholerae o139, the new serogroup associated with cholera, has re-emerged in calcutta, india and has become the dominant serogroup causing cholera from september 1996. in neighbouring bangladesh, v. cholerae o1 biotype el tor continues to be the dominant cause of cholera with the o139 serogroup accounting for only a small proportion of cases. comparison of the phenotypic traits of representative o139 strains from calcutta and dhaka isolated between december 1996 ...	1998	9514639
[intussusception ileus].		1998	106239
new cholera phages for vibrio cholerae serovar o139.		1998	9515688
[intensive care at 14 kilometers altitude and 950 kilometers/hr].		1998	108571
use of signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis to identify vibrio cholerae genes critical for colonization.	the pathogenesis of cholera begins with colonization of the host intestine by vibrio cholerae. the toxin co-regulated pilus (tcp), a fimbrial structure produced by v. cholerae, is absolutely required for colonization (i.e. the persistence, survival and growth of v. cholerae in the upper intestinal milieu), but many other aspects of the colonization process are not well understood. in this study, we use signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis (stm) to conduct a screen for random insertion mutatio ...	1998	9515705
[the transplantation deficit needs dismantling].		1998	108544