Publications

effect of three pyrethroids on blood feeding and fecundity of aedes aegypti.	caged aedes aegypti were exposed to a range of concentrations of d-phenothrin, d-allethrin and tetramethrin in a wind tunnel. mortality, blood engorgement and egg production among these mosquitoes and their progeny were recorded. tetramethrin was the most effective (lc50 of 0.0017%), followed by d-phenothrin (lc50 0.0031%) and d-allethrin (lc50 0.01%). blood engorgement was decreased by treatment with each pyrethroid at the high concentration (0.002%, 0.003% and 0.01% respectively). treatment wi ...	1986	3507504
a laboratory study of cyromazine on aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus and its activity on selected predators of mosquito larvae.	in a laboratory study, the insect growth regulator, cyromazine, exerted a high level of biological activity on aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus treated in the 4th larval instar. at 1.5 and 1.0 ppm this igr produced 97 and 99% inhibition of emergence in adult ae. aegypti, respectively. in cx. quinquefasciatus, there was 99% inhibition at 1 ppm and complete inhibition at 1.5 ppm. the overall pupal mortality was higher than larval or adult stages of both species. this material induced diffe ...	1986	3507502
ultrastructural organization of spermatocysts in the testes of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).		1986	3735341
differences between the nutritional reserves of laboratory-maintained and field-collected adult mosquitoes.	individual female mosquitoes from field populations of aedes aegypti, culex nigripalpus and coquillettidia perturbans were analyzed for sugar, glycogen and lipids. controls were maintained in the laboratory for 7 to 10 days on 2% and either 10 or 20% sucrose. mosquitoes held in the laboratory had significantly more glycogen and lipid than field-collected mosquitoes of the same species. laboratory mosquitoes maintained on 10 or 20% sucrose contained more sugar than did field mosquitoes. mosquitoe ...	1986	2906967
determination and significance of suspended protein in wastewater.	a simple method is presented to measure the nutrient load of wastewater. suspended particles, including microorganisms, are collected on a membrane filter by vacuum filtration, followed by colorimetric protein assay. soluble proteins can be determined in the filtrate by precipitation. in domestic sewage and agricultural dairy wastewater, the largest portion of protein was retained on the membrane. young larvae of culex nigripalpus, cx. quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti pupated when maintained i ...	1986	2906966
in-vivo staining of aedes vigilax, aedes aegypti and culex annulirostris larvae with giemsa and other vital dyes.	of 11 stains tested in the laboratory with larval aedes aegypti, giemsa at dosages of 6 mg/liter for 24 hr and 21 mg/liter for 3 hr proved most satisfactory for in-vivo staining. at these rates, giemsa caused some mortality especially in first instars of ae. vigilax, ae. aegypti and culex annulirostris but effectively was retained in all adults examined up to 3 days posteclosion. the method was deemed satisfactory for investigations of larval movement of ae. vigilax, cx. sitiens and ae. alternan ...	1986	2466952
chromosome banding homologies in three species of aedes (stegomyia).	the chromosome complements of the mosquitoes aedes aegypti, aedes mascarensis, and aedes albopictus, belonging to the subgenus stegomyia, gave a uniform response to the q-, h-, and r-banding techniques. of the three homomorphic chromosome pairs, only the shortest or sex pair (i) showed a consistent banding pattern. in the three species, a bright yellow intercalary band was present on one arm of both chromosomes of the sex pair after heat treatment and staining with acridine orange. the rest of t ...	1986	2424581
peptide nature of two mosquito natriuretic factors.	high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc) of saline extracts of aedes aegypti heads yields three fractions (from a total of 108) that affect transepithelial voltage and/or fluid secretion in isolated aedes malpighian tubules. in this study we investigated the physical and chemical nature of the active materials in these fractions. gel-filtration chromatography revealed that the molecular weights of the three fractions were between 1,900 and 2,700. to test their thermostability the fractions wer ...	1986	3953844
the effects of larval density, temperature and ph on the culture growth and infectivity of saprolegnian sp. zoospores to aedes aegypti larvae at various instars in the laboratory.		1986	3759180
aedes aegypti larvae in portsmouth, rhode island.		1986	3507481
the size of emerging and host-seeking aedes aegypti and the relation of size to blood-feeding success in the field.	the average wing length of aedes aegypti females collected as pupae was 2.47 mm, which was significantly smaller than the 2.64 mm average wing length of the host-seeking females collected in the field. the average wing length of nulliparous host-seeking females was 2.62 mm, which was significantly smaller than the 2.76 mm wing length of parous host-seeking females. thus, small ae. aegypti females exhibited reduced blood-feeding success and, most likely, reduced survival when compared with large ...	1986	3507471
evaluation of two new insect growth regulators against mosquitoes in the laboratory.	biological activity of two new igrs was studied under laboratory conditions against 2nd- and 4th-instar larvae and pupae of anopheles quadrimaculatus, aedes aegypti and culex tarsalis. the igr s-21149, an oxime [0-(2-(4'-phenoxyphenoxy)ethyl propionaldoxime], produced an overall mortality or inhibition of emergence of 95% (when 4th instar treated) at 0.0047, 0.0013 and 0.00041 mg/liter in the three species, respectively. the ei95 values for the second igr s-31183, a pyridine compound, [1-(4'-phe ...	1986	2906962
efficacy of arosurf--a monomolecular surface film, in controlling culex quinquefasciatus say, anopheles stephensi liston & aedes aegypti (l).		1986	2874113
the 1982 emergency ultralow volume spray campaign against aedes aegypti adults in paramaribo, suriname.		1986	3801746
changes in ribonuclease activity during development of the mosquito, aedes aegypti.	in the mosquito aedes aegypti, quantitative and qualitative changes have been detected in ribonuclease activity during development. ribonuclease activity is particularly high in extracts from larvae, relative to that in extracts from pupae or adults. larval extract is enriched for a ribonuclease that is heat-labile, has an alkaline ph optimum, and is extremely sensitive to the divalent cation, manganese. extract from adult females is enriched for a heat-stable component that has an acidic ph opt ...	1986	3743028
mosquito trypsin: immunocytochemical localization in the midgut of blood-fed aedes aegypti (l.).	a polyclonal antibody was raised against trypsin purified from the midgut of blood-fed aedes aegypti. using this antibody and our modification of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical reaction, strong activity was found in the lumen of the midgut at the light-microscopical level. the activity was localized mainly in the posterior part of the distensible, abdominal midgut, along the periphery of the blood bolus and within the peritrophic membrane. immunoreactivity appeared 8 h after th ...	1986	3524850
[new and unusual locations of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti, linné 1762 (diptera, culicidae) in madagascar].	the author situates and comments three new aedes aegypti's locations in madagascar; one of which is in the international tananarive's airport's control area.	1986	3802312
tests of ultrasonic emissions on mosquito attraction to hosts in a flight chamber.	five ultrasonic devices generating fundamental frequencies of 20-70 khz were tested for their efficacy in repelling mosquitoes. four species (anopheles quadrimaculatus, aedes aegypti, ae. triseriatus and haemagogus equinus), were used in a flight chamber in which females must fly upwind against the direction of the sound waves and around the ultrasonic devices to reach a trap downwind of a source of human breath and skin emanations. repellency was rated by the number of mosquitoes entering the t ...	1985	2906666
molecular cloning of the delta-endotoxin gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis.	a transformant of bacillus megaterium, vb131, was isolated which carries a 6.3-kb xbai segment of the crystal toxin gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) cloned in a vector plasmid pbc16 to yield pvb131. the chimeric plasmid dna from vb131 was introduced into a transformable bacillus subtilis strain by competence transformation. both the b. megaterium vb131 strain and the b. subtilis strain harboring the chimeric plasmid produced irregular, parasporal, phase-refractile, crystalli ...	1985	2987085
baculovirus-mediated expression of bacterial genes in dipteran and mammalian cells.	a recombinant baculovirus containing the escherichia coli chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene under the control of the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter and the e. coli beta-galactosidase gene under the control of the very late baculoviral polyhedrin promoter was used to determine if autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, a baculovirus of lepidoptera, can enter and express viral dna in dipteran (drosophila sp.) and mammalian (mus sp.) cells that are considered ...	1985	2993646
micro-lipid-droplet encapsulation of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis delta-endotoxin for control of mosquito larvae.	the crystal delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is less toxic to larvae of anopheles freeborni than to larvae of aedes aegypti. however, when solubilized crystal was used, larvae from both species showed similar sensitivities. this effect presumably was due to the differences in feeding behavior between the two mosquito larvae when crystal preparations are used. a procedure is described whereby both crystal and solubilized b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis toxin were e ...	1985	3002272
comparative susceptibility of mosquito species and strains to oral and parenteral infection with dengue and japanese encephalitis viruses.	thirty-four strains of asian and pacific mosquitoes belonging to 22 species of 7 genera were compared for oral and/or parenteral susceptibility to infection with 1 or more strains of each of the 4 dengue serotypes. surprisingly, several species of common man-biting aedes were much more susceptible to oral infection with each of the 4 dengue serotypes than was aedes aegypti. these species included aedes albopictus and members of the scutellaris group of the subgenus stegomyia found on south pacif ...	1985	2860816
disease-bearing insects brought in by international aircraft into singapore.	fifty-seven (17.3%) of 330 incoming aircraft landing at changi international airport were found to harbour mosquitoes and other insects on board. the frequency of insects detected in aircraft from the southeast asian countries varied from 7.1% to 32.2%. live insects were found in 5 (6.1%) of 82 aircraft disinsectized by the "block away" method. the species of mosquitoes brought in were: culex quinquefasciatus (96), culex tritaeniorhynchus (1), aedes albopictus (2) and aedes aegypti (1). none of ...	1985	2862709
arboviruses and lemurs in madagascar: experimental infection of lemur fulvus with yellow fever and west nile viruses.	in previous serological surveys of lemurs in madagascar, antibodies against flaviviruses were frequently detected. to examine the epidemiological role of lemur fulvus, experimental infections with yellow fever (yf) virus and west nile (wn) virus were performed. yf and wn infections were clinically unapparent. a 3 to 4-day-long viremia, with moderate levels was observed with yf virus. wn virus, especially the strain isolated in madagascar, provoked a 4 to 6-day-long viremia sufficient to infect a ...	1985	2862804
experimental study of the reproduction of karshi virus (togaviridae, flavivirus) in some species of mosquitoes and ticks.	the strain kaz-816 of karshi virus was isolated in 1976 from h. asiaticum ticks collected in the north of central asia (alma-ata region of the kazakh soviet socialist republic). both ticks and mosquitoes can be vectors of karshi virus as proved experimentally by reproduction of the virus in hyalomma asiaticum and dermacentor daghestanicus ticks and culex pipiens molestus, anopheles atroparvus an aedes aegypti mosquitoes as well as by transmission to newborn mice by the bite of infected mosquitoe ...	1985	2864824
variable infectivity of third-stage larvae of brugia malayi.	infectivity of third-stage larvae of brugia malayi was assessed following intraperitoneal inoculation into jirds, meriones unguiculatus. larvae were of two ages and were derived from two sites in aedes aegypti mosquitoes, i.e., specimens collected from the thorax 11 days after infection and from the head on day 14. larvae from the thorax had just completed the second moult and measured 990 to 1100 micron in length. only 6% of these specimens developed to adult worms in jirds. larvae that migrate ...	1985	2866213
variations of four aedes aegypti mosquito strains in their susceptibility to and transmissibility of tahyna virus.	aedes aegypti mosquitoes originating from different colonies were infected with tahyna virus by sucking on viraemic newborn mice (peak titre 10(2) x 5 mouse i.c. ld50/0.01 ml). the mosquitoes of laboratory strain "london" proved most susceptible (infection rate 74.2%, transmission rate 60%), while mosquitoes of the laboratory strain "basel" and strain "bangkok" (southeast asia) were less susceptible (infection rate 23.7 and 17.6%, respectively, transmission rate 6.0 and 10.0%, respectively). mos ...	1985	2866696
[abundance of larvae of urban mosquitoes during the campaign of the eradication of aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) and of dengue in cuba (1981-82)].		1985	2870540
avermectins, mk-933 and mk-936, for mosquito control.	two avermectins were shown to be effective as mosquito larvicides or when fed to adult female mosquitoes in sucrose solution or in blood. larval lc50 values of compounds mk-933 and mk-936, expressed as parts per billion, were found to be 3.94 and 2.42 for culex pipiens, 5.85 and 2.90 for anopheles stephensi and 23.4 and 10.4 for aedes aegypti. when fed to adult females of an. stephensi, ae. aegypti or cx quinquefasciatus, mk-933 at 2.8mg active ingredient per litre in sucrose solution caused com ...	1985	3832491
oral infection of aedes aegypti with yellow fever virus: geographic variation and genetic considerations.	twenty-eight populations representing a worldwide distribution of aedes aegypti were tested for their ability to become orally infected with yellow fever virus (yfv). populations had been analyzed for genetic variations at 11 isozyme loci and assigned to one of 8 genetic geographic groups of ae. aegypti. infection rates suggest that populations showing isozyme genetic relatedness also demonstrate similarity to oral infection rates with yfv. the findings support the hypothesis that genetic variat ...	1985	3834804
selection for susceptibility and refractoriness of aedes aegypti to oral infection with yellow fever virus.	artificial selection on strains of aedes aegypti showing susceptibility and refractoriness to oral infection with yellow fever virus (yfv) suggests that there is a significant genetic component to this trait. using a population with an average susceptibility of 15%, inbreeding of isofemale lines followed by individual selection produced susceptible (29% infected) and refractory (11% infected) lines. the difference between lines was largely apparent before individual selection, which failed to in ...	1985	3834805
rainfall, abundance of aedes aegypti and dengue infection in selangor, malaysia.	an epidemio-meteorotropic analytical study of selangor, in the southwest coast of peninsular malaysia, examines the monthly incidence of dengue for the period 1973-1982 to assess possible quantitative association with the monthly rainfall. the relationships between rainfall, abundance of a. aegypti and dengue infection during 1982 in jinjang, a dengue-prone area in selangor, were also examined. a quantitative association between rainfall and the number of dengue cases was found during the first ...	1985	3835698
[new data on the transmission of filariae].	this paper summarizes research of the past several years on two phases of filarial transmission: the ingestion of microfilariae by the vector and the regulation of the percentage of successful parasites by the vector. experiments involved several different models for study: injection of inert particles into the bloodstream of a rodent and their subsequent ingestion by a vector; ingestion of gametocytes of different ages by vectors of a rodent malaria; and a monkey simultaneously infected with fo ...	1985	3836764
aedes aegypti: model for blood finding strategy and prediction of parasite manipulation.	aedes aegypti mosquitoes salivate during intradermal probing of vertebrate prey before ingesting blood (griffiths and gordon 1952). nonsalivating mosquitoes locate blood more slowly; this difference was ascribed to an anti-platelet activity found in the mosquito's saliva (ribeiro et al. 1984). mosquitoes infected with plasmodium gallinaceum suffer pathology that specifically impairs saliva anti-hemostatic activity but without reducing volume of output (rossignol et al. 1984). the complexity of t ...	1985	3839460
[present viability of the eradication of aedes aegypti in the control of yellow fever in brazil].		1985	3843131
geographic genetic differentiation and arbovirus competency: aedes aegypti and yellow fever.		1985	3870635
a simple method of identifying organophosphate insecticide resistance in adults of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.	a simple filter paper spot test is described for identifying adult aedes aegypti resistant to malathion as a result of raised esterase levels. the method is compared with established polyacrylamide gel (pag) electrophoresis techniques for determining esterase-6 activity, and its applicability as a field test is discussed.	1985	3880211
laboratory evaluation of controlled-release insect repellent formulations.	seven microcapsule formulations and two polymer formulations of deet were tested on white rabbits for their repellency against the mosquito, aedes aegypti. two microcapsule formulations and one polymer formulation provided more than 80% protection for 12 hours. results demonstrated that the protection period of deet can be extended through controlled-release techniques.	1985	3880224
development of dirofilaria immitis third stage larvae (nematoda: filarioidea) in micropore chambers implanted into surrogate hosts.	groups of 100 third stage larvae of dirofilaria immitis recovered from aedes aegypti were loaded into 250 microliters capacity micropore chambers (0.3 micron pore size) and implanted into the peritoneal cavity of mice, jirds, cotton rats and ferrets. in all hosts 74-87% of larvae moulted by 74 hours, with less than 5% mortality. the fourth stage worms recovered at 74 hours were cultured in vitro in l-15 (leibovitz) medium plus 20% foetal bovine serum with a dog sarcoma feeder cell line. after 96 ...	1985	3890119
viability of mycobacterium leprae within the gut of aedes aegypti after they feed on multibacillary lepromatous patients: a study by fluorescent and electron microscopes.		1985	3908862
development of mansonella ozzardi in the liverpool strain of aedes aegypti.		1985	3914123
mechanical transmission of rift valley fever virus by hematophagous diptera.	experimental studies were conducted to determine if hematophagous diptera were capable of mechanical transmission of rift valley fever (rvf) virus to laboratory animals. all species tested (glossina morsitans, aedes aegypti, aedes taeniorhynchus, culex pipiens, stomoxys calcitrans, lutzomyia longipalpis, and culicoides variipennis) mechanically transmitted the virus to hamsters. mechanical transmission rates for g. morsitans ranged from 0-100%, with the probability of mechanical transmission pos ...	1985	3970308
plasmodium gallinaceum: sporozoite activity in immune mosquito hemolymph.	sporozoites of plasmodium gallinaceum are relatively inactive in hanks' balanced salt solution or in the hemolymph of the susceptible aedes aegypti mosquito. they become agitated and very active in the presence of the hemolymph of the innately immune mosquito, culex pipiens. sporozoites from the latter are more infective in chicks than the former. this behavior is likely the result of stimulation or irritation by the adverse environment.	1985	3972059
characterization of refractoriness in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to infection by dirofilaria immitis.		1985	3981554
[sensitivity of aedes aegypti infected with the malaria agent to ddt].		1985	3990637
the effect of different types of skin surfaces on the transmission of brugia pahangi infective larvae by the mosquito aedes aegypti.	the transmission of brugia pahangi from aedes aegypti into meriones unguiculatus was compared for four different skin surfaces (hairy, cloth, clean, greasy). unshaven jirds reduced the feeding avidity of infective mosquitoes. the loss of larvae from infective mosquitoes was greatest when these insects fed on "exposed" skin surfaces. significantly fewer infective larvae penetrated the host when infective mosquitoes fed on a jird through a thin layer of cloth.	1985	3992643
failure to detect natural transovarial transmission of dengue viruses by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae).		1985	4009622
bioassays of bacillus sphaericus (strain 1593) against mosquitoes of public health importance in malaysia.	the pathogenicity of bacillus sphaericus strain 1593 was tested against laboratory-reared larvae of four local species of mosquitoes of public health importance in malaysia; aedes aegypti, anopheles balabacensis, mansonia uniformis and culex quinquefasciatus. the bacteria was shake-cultured at 28 +/- 1 degrees c for three days, using glucose-yeast extract salts medium. after which, the spores and vegetative cells were harvested and stored at 4 degrees c before use. conditions for bioassays were ...	1985	4023816
effect of dirofilaria immitis on blood meal size and fecundity in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).		1985	4045936
[effect of mosquito contact with ddt and their susceptibility to the causative agent of malaria].	the contact of aedes aegypti mosquitoes with ddt one hour prior to the infectious feeding results in a slight decrease of their susceptibility to plasmodium gallinaceum. the contact 24 hours prior to the infectious feeding does not affect the susceptibility of mosquitoes.	1985	4047719
dengue and hepatic failure.	dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome is a serious manifestation of dengue fever, which is observed predominantly in the tropical regions of the west pacific and in southeast asia and is associated with secondary infections, mainly in children under age 15. a concomitant microangiopathic coagulopathy has been described; moreover, encephalopathy and even reye's syndrome have been rarely reported. this report describes a 51-year-old man with secondary dengue infection who presented with c ...	1985	4061482
dibutyryl-camp increases basolateral sodium conductance of mosquito malpighian tubules.	dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (camp) stimulates fluid secretion in isolated malpighian tubules of the mosquito aedes aegypti. in the present study the effects of camp on the basolateral membrane were studied with conventional microelectrodes. membrane conductances were evaluated from the changes of the basolateral membrane potential (vbl) consequent to ion changes in the bath. under control conditions, vbl measured -65.2 +/- 1.5 mv [83 impalements, 67 tubules]. a fivefold decreas ...	1985	2579589
evaluation of slow-release formulations of temephos (abate) and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis for the control of aedes aegypti in puerto rico.	formulations of temephos (abate) and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (b.t.i.) on corncob and dried coconut husk carriers were tested for slow-release insecticide properties against aedes aegypti larvae in puerto rico. granular formulations of 5% and 10% temephos gave continuous larval control in used automobile tires for 27 to 124 days and 34 to 162 days, respectively. temephos on radial sections of corncob and coconut husk chips gave good larval control in tires for 27 to 63 and 61 to 1 ...	1985	2466106
comparison of three fenitrothion controlled-release formulations as larvicides for aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae).		1985	4078135
the duration of larval life of aedes aegypti as affected by time of hatch.	when aedes aegypti eggs (1-10 wk old) were submerged in water, larvae that hatched in the 24 hr period following exposure to reduced oxygen developed significantly faster than larvae from the initial hatch. there were significant differences in the sex ratios between first- and second-hatch groups; however, adult size and fecundity did not differ significantly.	1985	3880263
location of esterase loci in aedes aegypti.	linkage relations of two loci, est-4 and est-6, have been studied in aedes aegypti. est-4 is on chromosome i, the sex chromosome, about 33 units from the sex region on the opposite side from red eye (re). this location is demonstrated for the first time. data for est-6 agree with results of other workers.	1985	3880258
egg maturation and ecdysiotropic activity in extracts of mosquito (aedes aegypti) heads.	blood-fed, decapitated female aedes aegypti mosquitoes matured eggs when injected with an extract of heads, but non-blood-fed females did not. the response to head extract was optimal when the head was allowed to remain for 2 hr after feeding. a dose response to injected egg development neurosecretory hormone (ednh) was observed in vivo that was similar to in vitro dose responses previously reported. blood-fed decapitated females responded equally well to boiled or unboiled head extract. when bl ...	1985	4065529
the susceptibility of aedes aegypti (l) larvae to a pathogenic non sexual saprolegnia sp.		1985	3833712
preliminary isolation of mosquito natriuretic factor.	a natriuretic factor that triggers diuresis in isolated malpighian tubules of the mosquito was isolated from the head of the yellow-fever mosquito aedes aegypti by passing a saline extract of mosquito heads through low-pressure and then high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc) columns. three fractions with biologic activity eluted during a reverse-phase hplc linear acetonitrile gradient run. fraction i depolarized the transepithelial voltage (vt) of isolated perfused malpighian tubules but did ...	1985	2413779
high-resolution gradient polyacrylamide electrophoresis of isozymes of the mosquito, aedes aegypti.	a procedure for high resolution electrophoresis of isozymes of the mosquito aedes aegypti using nonlinear (2.5%-20%) polyacrylamide gradient gel slabs is described. crude mosquito homogenates were electrophoresed on gradient and on homogeneous (7%) polyacrylamide gels and stained for esterase (est), isocitrate dehydrogenase (idh) and malate dehydrogenase (mdh). the resulting zymograms were compared to demonstrate the high resolving power of the polyacrylamide gradient gel system.	1985	3880252
ethyl-methanesulfonate-induced changes in filarial susceptibility in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).		1985	4045933
efficacy of three insect growth regulators on the development of aedes aegypti.		1985	3880238
wind tunnel evaluation of commonly used adulticides against new orleans aedes aegypti.		1985	3880235
effects of cyromazin and methoprene on the developmental stages of anopheles dirus, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera : culicidae).	the effects of two chemical compounds, cyromazin and methoprene, on the developmental stages of anopheles dirus, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus were investigated under laboratory conditions, with the mean temperature of 24 degrees +/- 1 degree c and the relative humidity at 65-75%. both compounds were tested against the second, third and fourth instar larvae. the concentrations of cyromazin used for an. dirus and cx. quinquefasciatus ranged from 0.0008 to 0.5 mg/l; and for ae. aegypti ...	1985	2866585
effect of weekly releases of toxorhynchites amboinensis (doleschall) on aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) in new orleans, louisiana.		1985	2861216
response of domestic and peridomestic strains of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in new orleans, louisiana, usa, to organophosphate, organochlorine, and pyrethroid insecticides.		1985	4009625
dominant lethal effects of thiotepa in male aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).		1985	3925149
hormone-mediated formation of the endocytic complex in mosquito oocytes.	the developmental events leading to oocyte competence to internalize proteins, and the hormonal control of these events in the mosquito aedes aegypti have been studied. the oocytes of newly eclosed females have an undifferentiated cortex. during previtellogenic development, a highly specialized endocytic complex, consisting of numerous coated vesicles and uncoated endosomes, microvilli, and, presumably, vitellogenin receptors, forms in the oocyte cortex. morphometric analysis and probes with a p ...	1985	3988025
mathematical models of the effectiveness and persistence of mosquito repellents.	two models of the effectiveness and persistence of mosquito repellents on the skin were developed from published functions and data. the probit plane model, y = a + b1x1 + b2x2, relates the response (y, in probits) of the mosquito test population to the log dose (x1) of repellent applied and the test period, or elapsed time from the time of application (x2). the exponential decay model, z = x1 + (b2/b1)x2, estimates the repellent residue (log-1 z) from x1 and x2. the models were validated with o ...	1985	2906657
use of an artificial bromeliad to show the importance of color value in restricting colonization of bromeliads by aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus.	an artificial bromeliad was developed which, painted and containing an infusion water, elicited ovipositional response by caged adult aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus, wyeomyia vanduzeei and wy. mitchellii. comparison was made of the ovipositional response of adults of the four mosquito species to artificial bromeliads painted black, white, dark green and deep blue. adult ae, aegypti and wy. vanduzeei did not discriminate significantly between white, dark green and deep blue, but whereas ae ...	1985	2906654
effect of selection for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) resistance on the uptake and breakdown of ddt in aedes aegypti l.	aedes aegypti larvae and adults were selected to high levels of resistance with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) along separate lines. the larval-selected line showed three responses associated with larval resistance: increased detoxication of ddt by dehydrochlorination to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane dde (demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro), increased tolerance to unmetabolised ("residual") ddt and, a reduction in uptake of ddt. larval selection caused very little change in adult res ...	1985	3986671
reduced productivity in tretamine-treated adult populations of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).		1985	3981551
ultrastructure of midgut endocrine cells in the adult mosquito, aedes aegypti.	the ultrastructure of endocrine cells in the midgut of the adult mosquito, aedes aegypti, resembled that of endocrine cells in the vertebrate gastro-intestinal tract. midgut endocrine cells, positioned basally in the epithelium as single cells, were cone-shaped and smaller than the columnar digestive cells. the most distinctive characteristic of endocrine cells was numerous round secretory granules along the lateral and basal plasma membranes where contents of the granules were released by exocy ...	1985	4060146
transition from somatic to meiotic pairing and progressional changes of the synaptonemal complex in spermatocytes of aedes aegypti.	aedes aegypti spermatocytes were reconstructed from electron micrographs. the species has tight somatic pairing of the chromosomes, and there are therefore no classical leptotene and zygotene stages, but rather a gradual transition from somatic pairing to meiotic pairing (= pachytene). the term "prepachytene" has been used for the transitory stage. the first visible sign of impending meiosis was a reorganization of the chromatin, which resulted in the formation of spaces (synaptic spaces) in the ...	1985	4042770
[biology and behavior of aedes aegypti].		1985	3843130
specificity of cultured insect tissue cells for bioassay of entomocidal protein from bacillus thuringiensis.	cultured tissue cells from lepidopteran and dipteran sources displayed an order-specific response to entomocidal protein from crystals of bacillus thuringiensis. protein isolated from crystals of b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki was effective against cells of the spruce budworm (choristoneura fumiferana) and the tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta), but was inactive against both mosquito cell lines tested (aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae). conversely, protein from inclusion bodies of b. thuringi ...	1984	6321329
a survey of filariasis among refugees in south florida.	between january 1981 and march 1982, a filariasis survey was conducted among 668 haitian immigrants and 155 southeast asian refugees residing in florida, u.s.a. microfilariae were detected only in haitians, with 6.7% positive for wuchereria bancrofti and 1.3% positive for mansonella ozzardi. the majority of individuals with bancroftian filariasis came from five coastal urban areas including port-au-prince, duvalierville, gonaïves, leógane and cap-haitien. no unequivocal signs of bancroftian fila ...	1984	6370004
[ecology of dengue and aedes aegypti. preliminary study].		1984	6372125
selective primary health care: strategies for control of disease in the developing world. xi. dengue.	since world war ii, dengue viruses have progressively extended their geographic domain and have increased as causes of human morbidity and mortality. this complex of four flaviviruses is principally transmitted to humans by the bite of aedes aegypti, the yellow fever vector. factors that promote the indoor storage of water are congenial to the breeding of a. aegypti. these include the dislocations of wars, overpopulation , and urbanization. by the mid-20th century, a. aegypti eradication campaig ...	1984	6374837
arthropod studies with rabies-related mokola virus.	a cell culture-adapted variant of the rabies-related mokola virus was demonstrated to replicate in inoculated aedes aegypti mosquitoes. replication was slow compared to many arboviruses in their vectors. maximum titers were not obtained until after approximately 6 weeks of extrinsic incubation. mokola virus underwent nine mosquito-mosquito passages at approximately monthly intervals and was thus maintained in insects for 340 days before terminating the study. virus antigen was detected by immuno ...	1984	6385743
[the initial activity and persistance of an experimental larvicide with a base of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and a commercial preparation containing the organophosphorus insecticide temephos].	the larvicide activity of the experimental preparation san 402 i wdc containing b. thuringiensis var. israelensis and that of abate 500 e (44 % temephos) were tested on the larvae of aedes aegypti. the studies were performed on the following media: distilled water, pure and buffered at ph 9, 7 and 4 and pond water whether or not free from materials in suspension. the activity of both preparations is not influenced by the composition of the media, exception made for the presence of materials in s ...	1984	6208235
[the ecology of dengue and aedes aegypti. preliminary investigation 4].		1984	6084309
the importance of disease induced changes in mammalian body temperature to mosquito blood feeding.	laboratory mice infected with rodent malaria (plasmodium berghei or p. chabaudi) or st. louis encephalitis virus (sle) were not hyperthermic during the infection period. however, all infected animals displayed pathogen-specific periods of hypothermia. hamsters infected with p. berghei were hyperthermic on day 7 postinfection (pi) but became hypothermic on day 8 pi and remained so until death, approximately 20 days pi. body temperatures of mice infected with p. yoelii were not significantly diffe ...	1984	6142803
the effect of p-aminobenzoic acid and folic acid on the development of infective larvae of brugia malayi in aedes aegypti.	adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes, infected with the subperiodic brugia malayi, were found to enhance the development of the filarial parasites to the infective stage when they were exposed to a cotton pad soaked in 10% sucrose solution containing p-aminobenzoic acid (paba) in 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1% concentrations. similarly, larval development increased when the mosquitoes were fed with folic acid at 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1% concentrations. this stimulation was more when paba or folic acid ...	1984	6143484
medium for the production of primary powder of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis.	five media, formulated from the seeds of five legume varieties, dried cow blood, and mineral salts, were assessed for the growth and production of insecticidal properties of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. bacterial powders prepared from the broth cultures were assayed against the larvae of aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus, and anopheles gambiae. a standard primary powder of b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (ips78) was included in the assay for comparison. good growth was obta ...	1984	6144290
[preliminary report on the susceptibility of mosquitoes to brugia pahangi].	a comparative study on the susceptibility of eight species of four genera of mosquitoes to brugia pahangi was carried out. aedes aegypti (liverpool strain), aedes togoi, armigeres subalbatus and mansonia uniformis (taiwan strains) were found with the third-stage larvae 14 days after feeding on infected rats (sprague-dawley). the remaining of aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, aedes pseudoalbopictus, culex p. fatigans and culex annutus (taiwan strains) were found refractory to infection. to determi ...	1984	6150813
comparative bioassays of tolypocladium cylindrosporum gams (californian strain) against four species of mosquitoes in malaysia.	comparative laboratory bioassays of tolypocladium cylindrosporum, california strain (kal) was conducted against third instar larvae of four species of mosquito, viz. aedes aegypti, anopheles balabacensis, culex quinquefasciatus and mansonia uniformis in malaysia. of the four mosquito species tested, ma. uniformis was found to be the most susceptible, followed by cx. quinquefasciatus, an. balabacensis and ae. aegypti, in a decreasing order. the lc50 values for ma. uniformis, cx. quinquefasciatus, ...	1984	6151744
laboratory observations on toxorhynchites splendens wiedemann in thailand.	the biology of toxorhynchites splendens predaceous larvae which breed in domestic containers like aedes aegypti was studied. egg stage lasts 52.64 +/- 0.13 hours. there are four larval instars lasting 2.38 +/- 0.04, 1.24 +/- 0.26, 8.09 +/- 1.6 and 28.78 +/- 5.39 days respectively. pupal development lasts 5.18 +/- 1.06 days. the adult life span is 29.55 +/- 8.06 days. growth increment was by measuring the size of head capsule. number of second instar prey larvae consumed by 1 to 4 instars predace ...	1984	6151745
[research on viral infections in south pacific mosquitoes under natural conditions].	from 1975, epidemiological studies on arboviral diseases, conducted in new caledonia, vanuatu, wallis and horne islands, have shown that 11 species of mosquitoes may harbour viruses in natural conditions. virus isolations were attempted from 1,025 pools of culicidae totalizing 32,182 individuals belonging to 5 genera and 21 species. viral infections have been demonstrated in 76 pools (7.4%). the species harbouring viruses were: aedes aegypti, ae. alternans, ae. notoscriptus, ae. vexans, ae. vigi ...	1984	6151879
[comparative action of solubilized crystals of h-14 and h-1 serotypes of bacillus thuringiensis on cultures of aedes aegypti cells].	crystals isolated from bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis (h-1) and from serovar israelensis (h-14) were dissolved in sodium hydroxide, then tested in vitro on aedes aegypti cell cultures. toxic action was followed after morphological and metabolic alterations of the treated cells. only the israelensis sodium extract was toxic and gave cellular swelling, inhibition of cell growth and inhibition of labelled precursor incorporation, i. e. of 3h-thymidine, 3h-uridine and 3h-leucine.	1984	6465742
[the ecology of dengue and aedes aegypti. preliminary report. 3].		1984	6474264
the effect of colonization upon aedes aegypti susceptibility to oral infection with yellow fever virus.	two colonies of aedes aegypti were established from two independent collections from vero beach, florida. eleven sequential generations of the first colony were tested for variation in oral susceptibility to infection with yellow fever virus (yfv). each generation was also assayed for genetic variability at seven enzyme loci using electrophoretic techniques. significant differences in infection rates were detected between some generations. these differences were significantly correlated with gen ...	1984	6476217
the verification of a mammalian toxicant classification using a mosquito screening method.	routine toxicity screening of substances using rodents can be time consuming and expensive. for these reasons various alternative methods have been developed, but many lack standardization and acceptance. it was hypothesized that a satisfactory classification of mammalian toxicants could be obtained using a simple mosquito (aedes aegypti) screening method. to this end, median lethal concentration (lc50) values were determined for a wide variety of mammalian toxicants representing a range of toxi ...	1984	6519371
[fecundity of aedes aegypti mosquitoes in relation to their infection with the malaria agent plasmodium gallinaceum].	studies of the effect of p. gallinaceum on ae. aegypti in different periods of the agent's sporogony and during different gonotrophic cycles of the vector have shown the absence of strong inhibition of mosquitoes' fecundity.	1984	6522100
comparative development of brugia malayi in susceptible and refractory genotypes of aedes aegypti.		1984	6527177
infectivity of a venezuelan strain of metarhizium anisopliae to aedes aegypti larvae.		1984	6539354
natural transovarial transmission of dengue 4 virus in aedes aegypti in trinidad.	the isolation of dengue 4 virus from adult aedes aegypti, reared from eggs collected in nature, is reported for the first time. from the locality where the isolate was made, 25 pools consisting of 1,848 ae. aegypti reared from eggs were processed. in this study, 10 different localities were sampled and a total of 10,957 ae. aegypti adults, collected as eggs or larvae in nature, were processed for virus isolation. from a total of 158 mosquito pools tested, one recovery of dengue 4 virus was made. ...	1984	6542323
[laboratory study of the transmission of dengue virus by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus].		1984	6543740
the regulation of preimaginal populations of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) on the kenya coast. ii. food as a main regulatory factor.	experiments were carried out in a village on the kenya coast to investigate observed differences in pupal productivity of aedes aegypti breeding in indoor pots. daily addition of maize gruel, the staple food of villagers, to pots of high and low mosquito production promoted an increase of pupal numbers, although daily introduction of first-instar larvae did not significantly affect pupal production. differences in pupal productivity were not related to differences in the numbers of eggs laid in ...	1984	6547039
increased intradermal probing time in sporozoite-infected mosquitoes.	because malaria sporozoites destroy segments of the salivary glands of vector mosquitoes, we determined whether salivary function is impaired. such pathology would result in a prolonged intradermal probing phase of feeding behavior, because the role of saliva is to help locate blood vessels. indeed, non-infected aedes aegypti mosquitoes probed for a shorter period than did either sporozoite-infected or saliva-deprived mosquitoes. salivary apyrase activity is reduced to a third following maturati ...	1984	6696175