Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| prediction of respiratory disease and diarrhea in veal calves based on immunoglobulin levels and the serostatus for respiratory pathogens measured at arrival. | failure of passive transfer is a common problem in calves destined for veal production. at present it is unknown whether the risk for respiratory disease (brd) or neonatal calf diarrhea (ncd) in the veal herd is associated with total immunoglobulin (ig) and/or on the serostatus for respiratory pathogens measured at arrival. therefore, the first objective of this prospective longitudinal cohort study was to determine associations between serum protein fractions as determined by routine electropho ... | 2015 | 25937168 |
| respiratory pathogens in québec dairy calves and their relationship with clinical status, lung consolidation, and average daily gain. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is 1 of the 2 most important causes of morbidity and mortality in dairy calves. surprisingly, field data are scant concerning the prevalence of respiratory pathogens involved in brd in preweaned dairy calves, especially in small herds. | 2015 | 25619524 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus in swedish organic and conventional dairy herds. | infections with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine coronavirus (bocv) are endemic to the cattle populations in most countries, causing respiratory and/or enteric disease. it has been demonstrated that herds can remain free from these infections for several years also in high prevalence areas. organically managed (om) dairy herds have been shown to have lower seroprevalence of both viruses compared to conventionally managed (cm) herds. the objective of this study was to challeng ... | 2015 | 25582919 |
| mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) and other respiratory viruses in dromedary camels in sudan, an abattoir study. | this study was intended to determine the role played by peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in causing respiratory infections in camels and its association with other respiratory viruses. a total of 474 lung specimens showing pneumonia were collected from clinically healthy camels in slaughterhouses at five different areas in sudan. using immunocapture elisa (icelisa), 214 specimens (45.1 %) were found to be positive for ppr antigen. the highest prevalence was found in central sudan (59.9 %) then n ... | 2015 | 25904508 |
| association of bovine respiratory disease or vaccination with serologic response in dairy heifer calves up to three months of age. | to investigate the association of bovine respiratory disease (brd) or vaccination with serologic response in calves. | 2015 | 25710760 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of commercially available vaccines against bovine herpesvirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza type 3 virus for mitigation of bovine respiratory disease complex in cattle. | to evaluate and analyze data from controlled studies on the effectiveness of vaccinating cattle with commercially available viral antigen vaccines for mitigation of the effects of bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc). | 2015 | 25517335 |
| efficacy of a virus-vectored vaccine against human and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in children and the elderly for which there is still no effective vaccine. we have previously shown that panad3-rsv, which is a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine candidate that expresses a secreted form of the hrsv f protein together with the n and m2-1 proteins of hrsv, is immunogenic in rodents and nonhuman primates, and protects mice and cotton rats from hrsv challenge. because the extent to whic ... | 2015 | 26268314 |
| antiviral efficacy of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitor in a bovine model of rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. effective treatment for rsv infection is a significant unmet medical need. while new rsv therapeutics are now in development, there are very few animal models that mimic the pathogenesis of human rsv, making it difficult to evaluate new disease interventions. experimental infection of holstein calves with bovine rsv (brsv) causes a severe respiratory infection that is similar to human rsv infection, ... | 2015 | 26055364 |
| a bovine respiratory syncytial virus model with high clinical expression in calves with specific passive immunity. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a major cause of respiratory disease in cattle worldwide. calves are particularly affected, even with low to moderate levels of brsv-specific maternally derived antibodies (mda). available brsv vaccines have suboptimal efficacy in calves with mda, and published infection models in this target group are lacking in clinical expression. here, we refine and characterize such a model. | 2015 | 25890239 |
| herd factors associated with dairy cow mortality. | summary studies of dairy cow removal indicate increasing levels of mortality over the past several decades. this poses a serious problem for the us dairy industry. the objective of this project was to evaluate associations between facilities, herd management practices, disease occurrence and death rates on us dairy operations through an analysis of the national animal health monitoring system's dairy 2007 survey. the survey included farms in 17 states that represented 79.5% of us dairy operation ... | 2015 | 25721925 |
| coxiella burnetii seroprevalence and associated risk factors in dairy and mixed cattle farms from ecuador. | q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by coxiella burnetii, a bacterial agent for which ruminants are the main reservoir. an extensive cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of and associated risk factors for q fever was performed in dairy and mixed (dairy-beef) cattle herds in ecuador. a total of 2668 serum samples from 386 herds were analyzed using an elisa. in addition, a questionnaire with 57 variables related to management, feeding, facilities, biosecurity and animal health wa ... | 2015 | 25623969 |
| immunology of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in calves. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is an important cause of respiratory disease in young calves. the virus is genetically and antigenically closely related to human (h)rsv, which is a major cause of respiratory disease in young infants. as a natural pathogen of calves, brsv infection recapitulates the pathogenesis of respiratory disease in man more faithfully than semi-permissive, animal models of hrsv infection. with the increasing availability of immunological reagents, the calf can be ... | 2015 | 25553595 |
| single pathogen challenge with agents of the bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in cattle; costing the dairy and beef industries millions of dollars annually, despite the use of vaccines and antibiotics. brdc is caused by one or more of several viruses (bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpes type 1 also known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, and bovine viral diarrhea virus), which predispose animals to infection with one or more bacteria. these include: pasteurella mul ... | 2015 | 26571015 |
| detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in young dairy and beef cattle in poland. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a major contributor to bovine respiratory disease complex in dairy and beef calves, especially during the first year of life. there is a lack of comprehensive information about the prevalence of infection in cattle herds in poland as well as in european countries outside the european union. | 2015 | 25365424 |
| performance evaluation of puritan® universal transport system (unitranz-rt™) for preservation and transport of clinical viruses. | the ability of a non-propagating microbial transport medium to maintain the viability of clinically relevant viruses was compared to a similar commercial medium to establish performance equivalence. two dilutions of stock of test viruses, namely adenovirus (adv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), echovirus type 30 (ev), herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, influenza a, parainfluenza 3 (piv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and varicella zoster virus (vzv), were spiked into puritan® medical products ... | 2015 | 26243168 |
| viruses and disease: emerging concepts for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. | viruses cause a wide range of human diseases, ranging from acute self-resolving conditions to acute fatal diseases. effects that arise long after the primary infection can also increase the propensity for chronic conditions or lead to the development of cancer. recent advances in the fields of virology and pathology have been fundamental in improving our understanding of viral pathogenesis, in providing improved vaccination strategies and in developing newer, more effective treatments for patien ... | 2015 | 25366544 |
| the antiviral and antimicrobial activities of licorice, a widely-used chinese herb. | licorice is a common herb which has been used in traditional chinese medicine for centuries. more than 20 triterpenoids and nearly 300 flavonoids have been isolated from licorice. recent studies have shown that these metabolites possess many pharmacological activities, such as antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and other activities. this paper provides a summary of the antiviral and antimicrobial activities of licorice. the active components and the possible mechanisms for th ... | 2015 | 26579460 |
| the seroprevalence of some pathogen specific igm in children with acute respiratory tract infections in guangzhou region, 2011 - 2012. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) are the leading cause of morbidity and death in children < 5 years worldwide. the aim of this study is to analyze the seroprevalence of nine pathogen specific igms in children with artis with respect to gender, age, and seasonality in the guangzhou region. | 2015 | 26427134 |
| rapid next-generation sequencing of dengue, ev-a71 and rsv-a viruses. | accurate characterisation of viral strains constitutes a crucial objective for the management of modern virus collections. next-generation sequencing (ngs) provides technical solution for fast and cost-effective full genome sequencing. here, we report protocols for rapid full-genome characterisation of rna viruses of medical importance: dengue virus, enterovirus a71 and respiratory syncytial virus a, based on a specific amplification step followed by ngs-sequencing. a subset of full-length genom ... | 2015 | 26376168 |
| etiology of community acquired pneumonia among children in india: prospective, cohort study. | childhood community acquired pneumonia (cap) is a significant problem in developing countries, and confirmation of microbial etiology is important for individual, as well as public health. however, there is paucity of data from a large cohort, examining multiple biological specimens for diverse pathogens (bacteria and viruses). the community acquired pneumonia etiology study (capes) was designed to address this knowledge gap. | 2015 | 26528392 |
| mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydophila pneumoniae in hospitalized children with bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is an acute lower respiratory tract infection in early childhood caused mainly by different viruses. etiology of bronchiolitis have been studied in different environments and populations. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human bocavirus (hbov), human rhinoviruses (hrv) have consistently been shown to predominate. few studies however have attempted to determine whether other pathogens, particularly mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) and chlamydophila pneumoni ... | 2015 | 25879563 |
| rapid detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in poland using a human patient-side diagnostic assay. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) plays a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of the respiratory syndrome in young cattle during their first year of life. development of rapid and accurate brsv diagnostic tools would aid in the appropriate control of this important pathogen. the objective of this study was to characterize infections induced by brsv by means of rapid patient-side immunomigration assays used for diagnosis of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) in humans. nasal an ... | 2015 | 23931548 |
| rt-bst: an integrated approach for reverse transcription and enrichment of cdna from viral rna. | the synthesis of cdna from rna is challenging due to the inefficiency of reverse transcription (rt). in order to address this, an rt-bst method was developed for sequential rt of rna and bst dna polymerase amplification for enrichment of cdna in a single-tube reaction. using genomic rna from bacteriophage ms2, the yield of cdna produced by rt alone and rt-bst were compared by analysis of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-amplified products. a superior performance was observed when amplifying ms2 c ... | 2015 | 25906484 |
| history and practice: antibodies in infectious diseases. | antibodies and passive antibody therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases is the story of a treatment concept which dates back more than 120 years, to the 1890s, when the use of serum from immunized animals provided the first effective treatment options against infections with clostridium tetani and corynebacterium diphtheriae. however, after the discovery of penicillin by fleming in 1928, and the subsequent introduction of the much cheaper and safer antibiotics in the 1930s, serum therapy ... | 2015 | 26104697 |
| synonymous deoptimization of foot-and-mouth disease virus causes attenuation in vivo while inducing a strong neutralizing antibody response. | codon bias deoptimization has been previously used to successfully attenuate human pathogens, including poliovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza virus. we have applied a similar technology to deoptimize the capsid-coding region (p1) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). despite the introduction of 489 nucleotide changes (19%), synonymous deoptimization of the p1 region rendered a viable fmdv progeny. the resulting strain was stable and reached cell culture titers similar to those ... | 2015 | 26581977 |
| use of genetically-encoded calcium indicators for live cell calcium imaging and localization in virus-infected cells. | calcium signaling is a ubiquitous and versatile process involved in nearly every cellular process, and exploitation of host calcium signals is a common strategy used by viruses to facilitate replication and cause disease. small molecule fluorescent calcium dyes have been used by many to examine changes in host cell calcium signaling and calcium channel activation during virus infections, but disadvantages of these dyes, including poor loading and poor long-term retention, complicate analysis of ... | 2015 | 26344758 |
| antiviral activities of whey proteins. | milk contains an array of proteins with useful bioactivities. many milk proteins encompassing native or chemically modified casein, lactoferrin, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin demonstrated antiviral activities. casein and alpha-lactalbumin gained anti-hiv activity after modification with 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride. many milk proteins inhibited hiv reverse transcriptase. bovine glycolactin, angiogenin-1, lactogenin, casein, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, bovine lactoferrampin, ... | 2015 | 26198883 |
| circulating microbial rna and health. | measurement of health indicators in the blood is a commonly performed diagnostic procedure. two blood studies one involving extended observations on the health of an individual by integrative personal omics profiling (ipop), and the other tracking the impact of left ventricular assist device (lvad) placement on nine heart failure patients were examined for the association of change in health status with change in microbial rna species. decrease in rna expression ratios of human to bacteria and v ... | 2015 | 26576508 |
| maternal effects of respiratory syncytial virus infection during pregnancy. | given the illness and deaths caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the first year of life, preventing infant rsv infections through maternal vaccination is intriguing. however, little is known about the extent and maternal effects of rsv infection during pregnancy. we describe 3 cases of maternal rsv infection diagnosed at a us center during winter 2014. case-patient 1 (26 years old, week 33 of gestation) received a diagnosis of rsv infection and required mechanical ventil ... | 2015 | 26485575 |
| development of spr biosensor for simultaneous detection of multiplex respiratory viruses. | a surface plasmon resonance (spr)-based biosensor was developed for specific detection of nine common respiratory virus, including influenza a and influenza b, h1n1, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus 1-3 (piv1, 2, 3), adenovirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars). the spr biosensor was developed by immobilizing nine respiratory virus-specific oligonucleotides in an spr chip. to increase the biosensor sensitivity, biotin was used to label the pcr primer ... | 2015 | 26406000 |
| antiviral activity of an aqueous extract derived from aloe arborescens mill. against a broad panel of viruses causing infections of the upper respiratory tract. | a number of antiviral therapies have evolved that may be effectively administered to treat respiratory viral diseases. but these therapies are very often of limited efficacy or have severe side effects. therefore there is great interest in developing new efficacious and safe antiviral compounds e.g. based on the identification of compounds of herbal origin. | 2015 | 26321740 |
| gene expression profiles link respiratory viral infection, platelet response to aspirin, and acute myocardial infarction. | influenza infection is associated with myocardial infarction (mi), suggesting that respiratory viral infection may induce biologic pathways that contribute to mi. we tested the hypotheses that 1) a validated blood gene expression signature of respiratory viral infection (viral ges) was associated with mi and 2) respiratory viral exposure changes levels of a validated platelet gene expression signature (platelet ges) of platelet function in response to aspirin that is associated with mi. | 2015 | 26193668 |
| [prevalence and seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses in patients with acute respiratory tract infections, 2002-2014]. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses in pediatric and adult outpatients and inpatients who were admitted to hospital with the symptoms of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, during a 12-year period. a total of 5102 clinical samples (4372 nasopharyngeal swabs, 316 bronchoalveolar lavages, 219 transtracheal aspirates, 163 nasopharyngeal aspirates, 20 sputum, 10 nasal swabs) examined in our laboratory between january 1st ... | 2015 | 26167819 |
| urban particulate matter increases human airway epithelial cell il-1β secretion following scratch wounding and h1n1 influenza a exposure in vitro. | the airway epithelium represents the first line of defense against inhaled environmental insults including air pollution, allergens, and viruses. epidemiological and experimental evidence has suggested a link between air pollution exposure and the symptoms associated with respiratory viral infections. we hypothesized that multiple insults integrated by the airway epithelium nlrp3 inflammasome would result in augmented il-1β release and downstream cytokine production following respiratory virus e ... | 2015 | 26151556 |
| influenza-attributable deaths in south-eastern france (1999 to 2010): mortality predictions were undependable. | following the 2009 influenza pandemic, several studies showed that the mortality pattern associated with the a(h1n1)2009 virus primarily affected children and young adults. in this study, we aimed to estimate the influenza-attributable deaths during the periods from 1999 to 2010, in the provence-alpes-côte-d'azur (paca) region of south-eastern france in order to corroborate the hypothesis that (i) influenza-attributable deaths caused by a(h1n1)2009 strain were much lower than initially expected. | 2015 | 26049715 |
| age-specific epidemic waves of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in a subtropical city. | both influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are active throughout the year in subtropical or tropical regions, but few studies have reported on age-specific seasonal patterns of these viruses. we examined the age-specific epidemic curves of laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza a (subtyped into seasonal a(h1n1), a(h3n2), and pandemic virus a(h1n1)pdm09), influenza b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), in subtropical city hong kong from 2004 to 2013. we found that different types an ... | 2015 | 25981824 |
| etiological role of ortho- and paramyxoviruses in acute respiratory tract infections among children aged < 4 years in bulgaria. | influenza viruses (family orthomyxoviridae); respiratory-syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and parainfluenza viruses (hpiv) type 1, 2 and 3 (family paramyxoviridae) are among the most common causes of acute respiratory tract infections (arti) in infants and young children. the aim of this study was to determine the contribution of these viruses in cases of arti requiring medical attention among children aged < 4 years during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 winter seasons in bulgaria. | 2015 | 25974986 |
| impact of the 2009 h1n1 pandemic on age-specific epidemic curves of other respiratory viruses: a comparison of pre-pandemic, pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a subtropical city. | the 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic caused offseason peaks in temperate regions but coincided with the summer epidemic of seasonal influenza and other common respiratory viruses in subtropical hong kong. this study was aimed to investigate the impact of the pandemic on age-specific epidemic curves of other respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 25928217 |
| molecular characterization of influenza viruses collected from young children in uberlandia, brazil - from 2001 to 2010. | influenza remains a major health problem due to the seasonal epidemics that occur every year caused by the emergence of new influenza virus strains. hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) glycoproteins are under selective pressure and subjected to frequent changes by antigenic drift. therefore, our main objective was to investigate the influenza cases in uberlândia city, midwestern brazil, in order to monitor the appearance of new viral strains, despite the availability of a prophylactic vacc ... | 2015 | 25886886 |
| deaths associated with respiratory syncytial and influenza viruses among persons ≥5 years of age in hiv-prevalent area, south africa, 1998-2009(1). | we estimated deaths attributable to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) among persons >5 years of age in south africa during 1998-2009 by applying regression models to monthly deaths and laboratory surveillance data. rates were expressed per 100,000 person-years. the mean annual number of seasonal influenza-associated deaths was 9,093 (rate 21.6). persons >65 years of age and hiv-positive persons accounted for 50% (n = 4,552) and 28% (n = 2,564) of overall seasonal influenza-associat ... | 2015 | 25811455 |
| incidence of respiratory viruses in peruvian children with acute respiratory infections. | acute respiratory infections are responsible for high morbi-mortality in peruvian children. however, the etiological agents are poorly identified. this study, conducted during the pandemic outbreak of h1n1 influenza in 2009, aims to determine the main etiological agents responsible for acute respiratory infections in children from lima, peru. nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 717 children with acute respiratory infections between january 2009 and december 2010 were analyzed by multiplex rt-pcr ... | 2015 | 25784285 |
| surveillance of acute respiratory infections in mumbai during 2011-12. | acute respiratory infections (aris) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals aged less than 5 years. ari often leads to hospitalisation, and it has been indicated that causative viral and bacterial infections go undetermined and results in the occurrence of resistant strains. the objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of various viral and bacterial infections in patients with aris. | 2015 | 25560001 |
| nonglycosylated g-protein vaccine protects against homologous and heterologous respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) challenge, while glycosylated g enhances rsv lung pathology and cytokine levels. | new efforts are under way to develop a vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that will provide protective immunity without the potential for vaccine-associated disease enhancement such as that observed in infants following vaccination with formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine. in addition to the f fusion protein, the g attachment surface protein is a target for neutralizing antibodies and thus represents an important vaccine candidate. however, glycosylated g protein expressed in mammali ... | 2015 | 26018164 |
| infection in severe asthma exacerbations and critical asthma syndrome. | in chronic persistent asthma and severe acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma, infectious agents are the predominant triggers that drive disease and airway pathobiology. in acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma (aeba) including near fatal and fatal asthma, viral agents, particularly human rhinovirus-c, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a appear to be the more prevalent and recurring threats. both viral, and to a lesser extent bacterial agents, can play a role, and co-infection may al ... | 2015 | 24984968 |
| viral coinfection in childhood respiratory tract infections. | the introduction of molecular techniques has enabled better understanding of the etiology of respiratory tract infections in children. the objective of the study was to analyze viral coinfection and its relationship to clinical severity. | 2015 | 24666712 |
| analytical sensitivity comparison between singleplex real-time pcr and a multiplex pcr platform for detecting respiratory viruses. | multiplex pcr methods are attractive to clinical laboratories wanting to broaden their detection of respiratory viral pathogens in clinical specimens. however, multiplexed assays must be well optimized to retain or improve upon the analytic sensitivity of their singleplex counterparts. in this experiment, the lower limit of detection (lod) of singleplex real-time pcr assays targeting respiratory viruses is compared to an equivalent panel on a multiplex pcr platform, the genmark esensor rvp. lods ... | 2015 | 26569120 |
| viral and bacterial etiology of severe acute respiratory illness among children < 5 years of age without influenza in niger. | globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, with the highest burden experienced in sub-saharan africa and asia. however, there is a dearth of information on the etiology of severe acute respiratory illness (sari) in africa, including niger. | 2015 | 26567015 |
| etiology and outcome of diffuse acute infectious bronchiolitis in adults. | the etiology and outcome of diffuse acute infectious bronchiolitis (daib) in adults is not well known. | 2015 | 26524622 |
| associations between viral and bacterial potential pathogens in the nasopharynx of children with and without respiratory symptoms. | nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization is necessary for subsequent respiratory and/or invasive infection. our study aimed at comparing np bacterial colonization rates between children with and without symptoms of an acute viral respiratory tract infection and examining associations between identified microorganisms. | 2015 | 26262821 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial burden and antibiotics: influence on inflammatory markers and disease severity in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | animal studies suggest that rsv increases nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization facilitating bacterial infections. we investigated the influence of antibiotic treatment and colonization with potentially pathogenic bacteria on inflammatory markers and disease severity in rsv-infected in infants. | 2015 | 26149186 |
| association between respiratory infections in early life and later asthma is independent of virus type. | lower respiratory tract infections in the first years of life are associated with later asthma, and this observation has led to a focus on the potential causal role of specific respiratory viruses, such as rhinoviruses and respiratory syncytial virus, in asthma development. however, many respiratory viruses and bacteria trigger similar respiratory symptoms and it is possible that the important risk factors for asthma are the underlying susceptibility to infection and the exaggerated reaction to ... | 2015 | 25910716 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of a real-time pcr assay for detecting viruses and bacteria of relevance for community-acquired pneumonia. | community-acquired pneumonia may present with similar clinical symptoms, regardless of viral or bacterial cause. diagnostic assays are needed to rapidly discriminate between causes, because this will guide decisions on appropriate treatment. therefore, a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay with duplex reactions targeting eight bacteria and six viruses was developed. technical performance was examined with linear plasmids. upper and lower respiratory tract specimens were used to compare the q ... | 2015 | 25772704 |
| measles-mumps-rubella vaccination and respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital contact. | the live measles vaccine has been associated with lower non-measles mortality and admissions in low-income countries. the live measles-mumps-rubella vaccine has also been associated with lower rate of admissions with any type of infection in danish children; the association was strongest for admissions with lower respiratory infections. | 2015 | 25446818 |
| haemophilus influenzae increases the susceptibility and inflammatory response of airway epithelial cells to viral infections. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi), a common colonizer of lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), can enhance expression of the cellular receptor intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1), which in turn can be used by major group human rhinoviruses (hrvs) for attachment. here, we evaluated the effect of nthi-induced up-regulation of icam-1 on viral replication and inflammatory responses toward different respiratory viruses. therefore, human bronchial epitheli ... | 2015 | 25411435 |
| a patient self-collection method for longitudinal monitoring of respiratory virus infection in solid organ transplant recipients. | methods for the longitudinal study of respiratory virus infections are cumbersome and limit our understanding of the natural history of these infections in solid organ transplant (sot) recipients. | 2015 | 25464966 |
| molecular basis for the selective inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus rna polymerase by 2'-fluoro-4'-chloromethyl-cytidine triphosphate. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe lower respiratory tract infections, yet no vaccines or effective therapeutics are available. als-8176 is a first-in-class nucleoside analog prodrug effective in rsv-infected adult volunteers, and currently under evaluation in hospitalized infants. here, we report the mechanism of inhibition and selectivity of als-8176 and its parent als-8112. als-8176 inhibited rsv replication in non-human primates, while als-8112 inhibited all strains of rsv in vi ... | 2015 | 26098424 |
| vector-mediated antibody gene transfer for infectious diseases. | this chapter discusses the emerging field of vector-mediated antibody gene transfer as an alternative vaccine for infectious disease, with a specific focus on hiv. however, this methodology need not be confined to hiv-1; the general strategy of vector-mediated antibody gene transfer can be applied to other difficult vaccine targets like hepatitis c virus, malaria, respiratory syncytial virus, and tuberculosis. this approach is an improvement over classical passive immunization strategies that ad ... | 2015 | 25757620 |
| molecular viral epidemiology and clinical characterization of acute febrile respiratory infections in hospitalized children in taiwan. | acute respiratory infection (ari) is a leading cause of morbidity and hospitalization in children. to profile the viruses causing ari in children admitted to a community-based hospital in central taiwan, a cross-sectional study was conducted on children under 14 years of age that were hospitalized with febrile ari. viral etiology was determined using conventional cell culture and a commercial respiratory virus panel fast assay (xtag rvp), capable of detecting 19 different respiratory viruses and ... | 2015 | 26089293 |
| novel antiviral activity of mung bean sprouts against respiratory syncytial virus and herpes simplex virus -1: an in vitro study on virally infected vero and mrc-5 cell lines. | new sources for discovering novel antiviral agents are desperately needed. the current antiviral products are both expensive and not very effective. | 2015 | 26062546 |
| in vitro evaluation of the antiviral properties of shilajit and investigation of its mechanisms of action. | shilajit, a herbomineral substance exuded from rocks in steep mountainous regions, has been used for thousands of years by the indian ayurvedic and siddha systems of traditional medicine to relieve ailments and enhance quality of life. although a large number of therapeutic properties have been ascribed to shilajit, its therapeutic potential is still largely unexplored by modern research and many of its claimed bioactivities lack scientific validation. the present study was undertaken to investi ... | 2015 | 25792012 |
| detection of respiratory viruses in gargle specimens of healthy children. | respiratory tract viral infection is one of the most common and important diseases in children. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) tests are often used to detect viruses in samples, it is difficult to interpret the clinical significance of pcr positivity, which may reflect a past, imminent or active asymptomatic infection due to their high sensitivity. although single respiratory viruses have been detected in samples from children with symptoms, other respiratory viruses can also be detected simult ... | 2015 | 25728080 |
| viral etiology of mumps-like illnesses in suspected mumps cases reported in catalonia, spain. | we investigated the etiology of reported sporadic suspected mumps cases with a negative rt-pcr result for the mumps virus in the barcelona-south region in 2007-2011. samples from mumps virus-negative patients presenting unilateral or bilateral parotitis or other salivary gland swelling were tested for epstein-barr virus (ebv) by real-time pcr and for respiratory viruses by two multiplex-pcr-based assays to detect parainfluenza virus (piv) 1-4, influenza virus (inv) a, b and c, respiratory syncyt ... | 2015 | 25483547 |
| evaluation of epidemiological and clinical features of influenza and other respiratory viruses. | in our study, we aimed to clinically and epidemiologically evaluate respiratory tract infections the viral agents of which were detected by molecular methods and to compare influenza and other respiratory tract viruses in this context. | 2015 | 26884691 |
| significant transplantation-related mortality from respiratory virus infections within the first one hundred days in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | respiratory viral infections (rvi) are important in hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (hsct) and knowledge regarding incidence, morbidity, mortality, and long-term pulmonary complications is limited. we report a study to evaluate incidence and outcomes, both short and long-term, of rvi in children receiving hsct. between january 2000 and december 2012, 844 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) at the hospital for sick children: 491 were allogeneic and 353 were ... | 2015 | 26117558 |
| infection history determines the differentiation state of human cd8+ t cells. | after the resolution of the acute phase of infection, otherwise quiescent antigen-experienced cd8(+) t cells confer rapid protection upon reinfection with viral pathogens or, in the case of persistent viruses, help to maintain control of the infection. depending on the type of virus, antigen-specific cd8(+) t cells have distinct traits, ranging from typical memory cell properties in the case of rapidly cleared viruses to immediate effector functions for persistent viruses. we here show that both ... | 2015 | 25717102 |
| a recombinant varicella vaccine harboring a respiratory syncytial virus gene induces humoral immunity. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) oka vaccine strain (voka) is highly efficient and causes few adverse events; therefore, it is used worldwide. we previously constructed recombinant voka (rvoka) harboring the mumps virus gene. immunizing guinea pigs with rvoka induced the production of neutralizing antibodies against the mumps virus and vzv. here, we constructed recombinant voka viruses containing either the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup a fusion glycoprotein (rsv a-f) gene or rsv su ... | 2015 | 26116253 |
| 3d tissue-like assemblies: a novel approach to investigate virus-cell interactions. | virus-host cell interactions are most commonly analyzed in cells maintained in vitro as two-dimensional tissue cultures. however, these in vitro conditions vary quite drastically from the tissues that are commonly infected in vivo. over the years, a number of systems have been developed that allow the establishment of three-dimensional (3d) tissue structures that have properties similar to their in vivo 3d counterparts. these 3d systems have numerous applications including drug testing, maintena ... | 2015 | 25986169 |
| multiplex sybr green real-time pcr assay for detection of respiratory viruses. | it is often difficult for a physician to distinguish between viral and bacterial causes of respiratory infections and this may result in overuse of antibiotics. in many cases of community-acquired respiratory infections, clinicians treat patients empirically. the development of molecular methods for direct detection of viruses has been progressed recently. | 2015 | 26468358 |
| detection of influenza and other respiratory viruses carried out in the influenza project - monitoring vaccine effectiveness (i-move). | the project influenza vaccine effectiveness-monitoring (i-move) is part of the european research carried out by the ecdc (european center for disease prevention and control), aimed at monitoring the effectiveness of vaccination in europe during the growing incidence of flu and influenza-like illnesses in the coming epidemic seasons. laboratory studies using molecular rt-pcr biology methods for detection of genetic material of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses were performed by voivod ... | 2015 | 25252895 |
| [detection and clinical analysis of acute lower respiratory tract infection with human coronaviruses in children in beijing area 2007-2015]. | to investigate human coronaviruses (hcovs) infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection(alrti)and to explore the clinical features of alrti caused by hcovs in children. | 2015 | 26757973 |
| detection of 12 respiratory viruses by duplex real time pcr assays in respiratory samples. | different viruses can be responsible for similar clinical manifestations of respiratory infections. thus, the etiological diagnosis of respiratory viral diseases requires the detection of a large number of viruses. in this study, 6 duplex real-time pcr assays, using evagreen intercalating dye, were developed to detect 12 major viruses responsible for respiratory diseases: influenza a and b viruses, enteroviruses (including enterovirus spp, and rhinovirus spp), respiratory syncytial virus, human ... | 2015 | 26334289 |
| general and virus-specific immune cell reconstitution after double cord blood transplantation. | cord blood transplantation (cbt) is curative for many patients with hematologic malignancies but is associated with delayed immune recovery and an increased risk of viral infections compared with hla-matched bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation. in this study we evaluated the significance of lymphocyte recovery in 125 consecutive patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent double-unit cbt (ducbt) with an antithymocyte globulin-containing regimen at our institu ... | 2015 | 25708219 |
| risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus associated with acute lower respiratory infection in children under five years: systematic review and meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common pathogen identified in young children with acute lower respiratory infection (alri) as well as an important cause of hospital admission. the high incidence of rsv infection and its potential severe outcome make it important to identify and prioritise children who are at higher risk of developing rsv-associated alri. we aimed to identify risk factors for rsv-associated alri in young children. | 2015 | 26682048 |
| epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection among children <5 years of age in a high hiv prevalence setting, south africa, 2009-2012. | data on the epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) from high hiv prevalence settings are limited. we aimed to describe lrti hospitalizations among south african children aged <5 years. | 2015 | 25093972 |
| increasing complexity of vaccine development. | vaccines already developed have been enormously successful. however, the development of future vaccines requires solution of a number of immunologic problems, including pathogen variability, short effector memory, evoking functional responses, and identification of antigens that generate protective responses. in addition, different populations may respond differently to the same vaccine because of genetic, age, or environmental factors. | 2015 | 26116724 |
| etiology and factors associated with pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in mali: a prospective case-control study. | there are very limited data on children with pneumonia in mali. the objective was to assess the etiology and factors associated with community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children <5 years of age in mali. | 2015 | 26696249 |
| what is the added benefit of oropharyngeal swabs compared to nasal swabs alone for respiratory virus detection in hospitalized children aged <10 years? | we evaluated the added value of collecting both nasal and oropharyngeal swabs, compared with collection of nasal swabs alone, for detection of common respiratory viruses by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in hospitalized children aged <10 years. nasal swabs had equal or greater sensitivity than oropharyngeal swabs for detection of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and influenza virus but not parainfluenza virus. the addition of an orophar ... | 2015 | 25943205 |
| clinical and virological characteristics of early and moderate preterm infants readmitted with viral respiratory infections. | rehospitalization of children born prematurely (referred to as preterm children) caused by severe respiratory infections is common. most studies have focused on respiratory syncytial virus infection. we designed a study to determine the virological and clinical characteristics of severe respiratory infections of children born early (<32 weeks) and moderate preterm (32 to 36 weeks), and compared them with full term (ft; ≥37 weeks) children who were subsequently admitted with respiratory illness. | 2015 | 25923427 |
| severe acute respiratory infection in children in a densely populated urban slum in kenya, 2007-2011. | reducing acute respiratory infection burden in children in africa remains a major priority and challenge. we analyzed data from population-based infectious disease surveillance for severe acute respiratory illness (sari) among children <5 years of age in kibera, a densely populated urban slum in nairobi, kenya. | 2015 | 25879805 |
| [clinical value of viral detection of liquid chip method in community-acquired pneumonia]. | to evaluate the clinical value of viral detection of liquid chip method in community-acquired pneumonia (cap). | 2015 | 25877241 |
| direct multiplexed whole genome sequencing of respiratory tract samples reveals full viral genomic information. | acute respiratory tract infections (rti) cause substantial morbidity during childhood, and are responsible for the majority of pediatric infectious diseases. although most acute rti are thought to be of viral origin, viral etiology is still unknown in a significant number of cases. | 2015 | 25866327 |
| clinical outcomes associated with respiratory virus detection before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. | the management of respiratory virus infections prior to hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) is difficult. we examined whether respiratory virus detection before hct influenced the requirement for bronchoscopy, hospitalization, and overall survival following hct. | 2015 | 25847977 |
| viral etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized young children in a children's referral hospital in iran. | viruses are considered major causes of acute respiratory tract infections among children under 5 years old. in this study we investigated the prevalence of three respiratory viruses--respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza virus (inf) and adenovirus (adv)--among hospitalized children with acute viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children under five who had been hospitalized for lrtis. the clinical data, including demographic data ( ... | 2015 | 25818953 |
| comparison of bronchiolitis of human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus. | 2015 | 25790057 | |
| etiology of pediatric fever in western kenya: a case-control study of falciparum malaria, respiratory viruses, and streptococcal pharyngitis. | in kenya, more than 10 million episodes of acute febrile illness are treated annually among children under 5 years. most are clinically managed as malaria without parasitological confirmation. there is an unmet need to describe pathogen-specific etiologies of fever. we enrolled 370 febrile children and 184 healthy controls. we report demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with plasmodium falciparum, group a streptococcal (gas) pharyngitis, and respiratory viruses (influenza a and b ... | 2015 | 25758648 |
| poor outcome of acute respiratory infection in young children with underlying health condition in brazil. | it is well established that respiratory viruses are an important cause of hospitalizations in young children worldwide, but data are limited on the contribution of specific viruses to severe illness in south america. we describe clinical and laboratory findings from prospective surveillance for acute respiratory infections at a tertiary hospital in são paulo, brazil. | 2015 | 25747778 |
| role of hydrogen sulfide in paramyxovirus infections. | hydrogen sulfide (h2s) is an endogenous gaseous mediator that has gained increasing recognition as an important player in modulating acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. however, its role in virus-induced lung inflammation is currently unknown. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children for which no vaccine or effective treatment is available. using the slow-releasing h2s donor gyy4137 and propargylglycin (pag), an inhibitor ... | 2015 | 25740991 |
| serologic cross-reactions between nucleocapsid proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) share virologic and epidemiologic features and cause clinically similar respiratory illness predominantly in young children. in a previous study of acute febrile respiratory illness in bangladesh, we tested paired serum specimens from 852 children presenting fever and cough for diagnostic increases in titers of antibody to hrsv and hmpv by enzyme immunoassay (eia). unexpectedly, of 93 serum pairs that showed a ≥ 4-fold inc ... | 2015 | 25740767 |
| the pneumovirinae fusion (f) protein: a common target for vaccines and antivirals. | the pneumovirinae fusion (f) protein mediates fusion of the virus and cell membrane, an essential step for entry of the viral genome in the cell cytoplasm and initiation of a new infectious cycle. accordingly, potent inhibitors of virus infectivity have been found among antibodies and chemical compounds that target the pneumovirinae f protein. recent developments in structure-based vaccines have led to a deeper understanding of f protein antigenicity, unveiling new conformations and epitopes whi ... | 2015 | 25738581 |
| respiratory viral detections during symptomatic and asymptomatic periods in young andean children. | viruses are commonly detected in children with acute respiratory illnesses (aris) and in asymptomatic children. longitudinal studies of viral detections during asymptomatic periods surrounding ari could facilitate interpretation of viral detections but are currently scant. | 2015 | 26121205 |
| role of nasopharyngeal bacteria and respiratory viruses in acute symptoms of young children. | the spectrum of acute symptoms in young outpatient children with respiratory tract infection (rti) is variable, and it cannot be explained by the diagnosis of acute otitis media (aom) versus uncomplicated rti. we studied that the variation of symptoms is explained by the nasopharyngeal bacteria and/or respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 26164848 |
| prospective evaluation of rapid antigen tests for diagnosis of respiratory viral pathogens. | acute respiratory infection is a frequently transmitted illness of concern to doctors and patients. considering its airborne transmission, early diagnosis of such disease is particularly important. this study explored respiratory viral infections with influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, coronavirus, and other early diagnostic substances as confirmed by literature resources. this study also used the corresponding monoclonal an ... | 2015 | 26293052 |
| analytical performance of the automated multianalyte point-of-care maripoc® for the detection of respiratory viruses. | the analytical performance of maripoc® respi test (arcdia® laboratories, turku, finland) was evaluated using nucleic acid amplification techniques (naats) as the gold standard. the maripoc assay allows automated detection of antigens from 8 respiratory viruses: influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, and parainfluenza viruses 1-3. positive results from samples with high viral load are available in 20min. nasopharyngeal aspirates (n=192) from pat ... | 2015 | 26283523 |
| generation of monoclonal antibodies specific of the postfusion conformation of the pneumovirinae fusion (f) protein. | paramyxovirus entry into cells requires fusion of the viral and cell membranes mediated by one of the major virus glycoproteins, the fusion (f) glycoprotein which transits from a metastable pre-fusion conformation to a highly stable post-fusion structure during the membrane fusion process. f protein refolding involves large conformational changes of the protein trimer. one of these changes results in assembly of two heptad repeat sequences (hra and hrb) from each protomer into a six-helix bundle ... | 2015 | 26275682 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus in children with lower respiratory tract infections or influenza-like illness and its co-infection characteristics with viruses and atypical bacteria in hangzhou, china. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral pathogen in children. however, its epidemic patterns and co-infection characteristics are not fully understood. | 2015 | 26209367 |
| adenovirus species c detection in children under four years of age with acute bronchiolitis or recurrent wheezing. | lower respiratory tract viral infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. among viral etiological agents the human adenovirus (adv) has been associated to mild or severe respiratory tract infection. | 2015 | 26580407 |
| incidence of viral respiratory infections in a prospective cohort of outpatient and hospitalized children aged ≤5 years and its associated cost in buenos aires, argentina. | although information about the incidence of viral respiratory illnesses and their associated cost can help health officials explore the value of interventions, data are limited from middle-income countries. | 2015 | 26497393 |
| epidemiological and clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized neonates in suzhou, china. | this study was designed to explore the epidemiological and clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in neonates from the suzhou area of china, taking into consideration how climate factors influence disease. | 2015 | 26470889 |
| cross-immunity between strains explains the dynamical pattern of paramyxoviruses. | viral respiratory tract diseases pose serious public health problems. our ability to predict and thus, be able to prepare for outbreaks is strained by the complex factors driving the prevalence and severity of these diseases. the abundance of diseases and transmission dynamics of strains are not only affected by external factors, such as weather, but also driven by interactions among viruses mediated by human behavior and immunity. to untangle the complex out-of-phase annual and biennial pattern ... | 2015 | 26460003 |
| aetiological role of common respiratory viruses in acute lower respiratory infections in children under five years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | acute lower respiratory infection (alri) remains a major cause of childhood hospitalization and mortality in young children and the causal attribution of respiratory viruses in the aetiology of alri is unclear. we aimed to quantify the absolute effects of these viral exposures. | 2015 | 26445672 |