Publications

human leukocyte antigen-b8-dr3 is a more important risk factor for severe puumala hantavirus infection than the tumor necrosis factor-alpha(-308) g/a polymorphism.	the tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha(-308) g/a polymorphism (tnf-2) is in linkage disequilibrium with the human leukocyte antigen (hla)-b8-dr3 haplotype. both factors have been associated with severe puumala hantavirus-induced nephropathia epidemica (ne). to examine which part of this extended haplotype might show the strongest association with the outcome of ne, the hla-b, hla-drb1, and tnf-alpha(-308) alleles in 116 hospital-treated patients with ne were analyzed. the findings pointing to cli ...	2002	12198621
golgi localization of hantaan virus glycoproteins requires coexpression of g1 and g2.	the membrane glycoproteins g1 and g2 of hantaan virus (htnv; family bunyaviridae) are encoded on the m rna genome segment as a precursor polypeptide that is cotranslationally cleaved by host proteases. g1 and g2 accumulate in the golgi complex in cells following either virus infection or transfection with m segment cdna. however, there are conflicting reports in the literature concerning the golgi targeting of separately expressed g1. to resolve these differences, a series of m segment and g1 co ...	2002	12202203
long-lived memory t lymphocyte responses after hantavirus infection.	puumala virus (puuv) is a hantavirus that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), which is an important public health problem in large parts of europe. we examined the memory cytolytic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses in 13 finnish individuals who had hfrs between 1984 and 1995. in seven of these donors, we detected virus-specific ctl responses against the puuv nucleocapsid (n) protein after in vitro stimulation with puuv. six novel cd8(+) ctl epitopes were defined on the n protein and ...	2002	12208874
pcr-generated linear dna fragments utilized as a hantavirus dna vaccine.	the field of dna vaccines has grown rapidly, and since most such vaccines involve the inoculation of large circular dna molecules previously propagated in bacteria, several inconveniences (e.g. the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, impurities from bacterial cultures or inefficient uptake of the large and bulky plasmid dna molecules to the nucleus) are debated. in this study, we have explored the possibility of using smaller and more flexible pcr-generated linear dna fragments instead. pho ...	2002	12213408
[results of study of a combined focus of leptospirosis and hantavirus infection in the primor'e territory].	survey of the circulation and spread of causative agents of the infection among wild rodents may predict the activation of an epizootic process and the aggravation of an epidemic situation. the status of a combined focus of leptospirosis and hantavirus infection in the primorye territory was studied. it was found that mixed infection may run in pocket mice (phascogalinae) under natural conditions.	2002	12214522
serological evidence of hantavirus in humans and rodents in barbados.		2002	12217714
encephalitis due to a hantavirus infection.		2002	12217734
andes virus associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in northern argentina and determination of the precise site of infection.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) has been documented in the salta and jujuy provinces of northern argentina since 1991 and 1997, respectively, accounting for almost 50% of the cases of hps reported in this country. andes (and) virus, specifically the and virus nort lineage, was previously associated with human disease in this region. genetic analysis of viral medium rna segments obtained from 18 hps cases showed the existence of three and virus nort sublineages co-circulating in these two pro ...	2002	12224579
serological divergence of dobrava and saaremaa hantaviruses: evidence for two distinct serotypes.	in order to investigate the serological relationship of dobrava hantavirus (dobv, originating from slovenia) and the dobrava-like saaremaa virus (saav, recently discovered in estonia) we analysed 37 human serum samples, 24 from estonia and 13 from the balkans, by focus reduction neutralization test (frnt). most of the estonian sera (19), including all sera from saaremaa island (12), reacted with higher frnt end-point titres to the local saav; the majority of them (15 and 11, respectively), with ...	2002	11895097
[bunyavirus--virus and host relationship: the coevolution between hantavirus and rodent].		2002	12227181
spatiotemporal patterns in the hantavirus infection.	we present a model of the infection of hantavirus in deer mouse, peromyscus maniculatus, based on biological observations of the system in the north american southwest. the results of the analysis shed light on relevant observations of the biological system, such as the sporadical disappearance of the infection, and the existence of foci or "refugia" that perform as reservoirs of the virus when environmental conditions are less than optimal.	2002	12241389
detection of hantavirus infection in hemolyzed mouse blood using alkaline phosphatase conjugate.	conventional methods such as elisa and culture require a long time for the determination of viral infections. fast and reliable instrumentation suitable for operation under field conditions that allows rapid detection of hantavirus in rodent populations in the wild, would be a substantial improvement over these methods. in response to this challenge, a prototype amperometric immunosensor based on highly dispersed immunoelectrode for rapid, sensitive and quantitative assay of hantavirus in mice b ...	2002	12243909
yeast-expressed puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein induces protection in a bank vole model.	hantaviruses are rodent-borne agents that cause severe human diseases. the coding sequences for the authentic and a his-tagged puumala hantavirus (puuv) nucleocapsid (n) protein were expressed in yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). n-specific monoclonal antibodies demonstrated native antigenicity of the two proteins. all bank voles vaccinated with the his-tagged n protein in freund's adjuvant (n=12) were defined as completely protected against subsequent virus challenge, based on the absence of vi ...	2002	12297397
rapid and sensitive handheld biosensor for detection of hantavirus antibodies in wild mouse blood samples under field conditions.	hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) is an acute, life threatening viral illness that was first recognized in the spring of 1993 during an outbreak in the four corners region of the southwest united states. the etiologic agent, sin nombre (sn) virus, is a zoonotic infection that is enzootic in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). both human and rodent infections lead to specific antibody responses, and detection of such antibodies is the mainstay of diagnosis of infection in both species. m ...	2002	18968779
[acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in children].	acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (atin) is a rare renal disorder in children. patients usually present non-specific symptoms and signs so that the diagnosis of atin is often delayed. the disease may be infection- or drug-induced or it may occur without a known cause. early recognition and appropriated therapy usually lead to an excellent prognosis. the aim of the study was to describe clinical and laboratory findings and the course of atin in 21 patients, that are typical enough to enable earl ...	2001	15637986
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in manitoba.	the first confirmed case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in manitoba was diagnosed in 1999. to define better the risk of exposure to hantaviruses in this area, the clinical features and epidemiological factors pertaining to this case were described, and a serological survey of rodents collected near the patient's residence was undertaken. small mammals were collected using live traps, were anesthetized via inhalation of isoflurane and were bled. human and mouse serologies were undertaken using ...	2001	18159335
highly sensitive taqman pcr detection of puumala hantavirus.	an increasing number of clinical cases of hantavirus infections have been reported from various regions in asia, europe and north america. hantaviruses (family bunyaviridae, genus hantavirus) are enveloped and possess a single-stranded trisegmented rna genome of negative polarity. rodents or insectivores are natural hosts of hantaviruses and transmit the virus to humans chiefly by aerosolisation. these viruses are the causative agents of haemorrhagic fever with renal and pulmonary syndromes. in ...	2001	11489422
genetic identification and characterization of limestone canyon virus, a unique peromyscus-borne hantavirus.	hantaviruses, family bunyaviridae, are rodent-borne rna viruses that can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in various regions of the americas. a coevolutionary relationship exists between hantaviruses and their specific rodent reservoir hosts; the phylogeny of the viruses generally matches that of the rodents. there are several peromyscus-borne hantaviruses, including sin nombre virus, the most common cause of hps in north america. this report describes the genetic detection and characte ...	2001	11485402
the english 'sweate' (sudor anglicus) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	a rapidly fatal viral infectious disease appeared in england in 1485, persisted for the summer months and disappeared as winter approached. this pattern of infection re-appeared in 1508, 1517, 1528, and finally 1551. the epidemic never returned. it had no respect for wealth or rank, and predominantly attacked males between the ages of 15 and 45 years. the incubation period was frighteningly short and the outcome normally fatal. the symptoms of acute respiratory disease and copious sweating were ...	2001	11284216
the probability of severe disease in zoonotic and commensal infections.	cross-species transfers of pathogens (zoonoses) cause some of the most virulent diseases, including anthrax, hantavirus and q fever. zoonotic infections occur when a pathogen moves from its reservoir host species into a secondary host species. similarly, commensal infections often have a primary reservoir location within their hosts' bodies from which they rarely cause disease symptoms, but commensals such as neisseria meningitidis cause severe disease when they cross into a different body compa ...	2001	12123298
[respiratory manifestations of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. retrospective study of 129 cases in champagne-ardenne and lorraine].	the contradiction between airborne transmission of puumala virus and the low rate of airway manifestations reported in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) caused by this virus led us to conduct this study to check whether the incidence of respiratory manifestations may have been underestimated.	2001	11244810
hantavirus infection complicated with arf and spontaneous perinephric haemorrhage.		2001	11549914
hantavirus infections: clinical presentation in the emergency room.	we present a retrospective review of hantavirus infection in the emergency department. thirteen cases of hantavirus infections with renal syndrome from july 1989 to august 1999 were analysed. the diagnosis was confirmed by detection of hantavirus antibodies in all cases. fever, chills and headaches were universally present. intense back pain was associated in 77% of the patients. thrombocytopenia, abnormal urinalysis, hypertransaminasaemia, increased lactate dehydrogenase were the principal biol ...	2001	11314815
[epidemiology of hantaviruses in baden-wurttemberg].	hantavirus, originally named after the hantaan river in korea, is the aetiologic agent for the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the asian region, in the americas for the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). in middle europe hantaviruses are responsible for the "nephropathia epidemica" (ne), a mild form of hfrs. hantaviruses belong to the family of bunyaviridae. like other members of this family their genome consists of three segments of single stranded rna (ss-rna) leading to var ...	2001	11285748
incidence of hantavirus infections in belgium.	over the last two decades, and from the moment that serological detection was possible, human hantavirus infections have been documented in most european countries. this paper summarises the available data on hantavirus cases in belgium. these data enable the demonstration of the existence of a 3-year epidemic cycle in belgium, which is apparently linked to rodent population dynamics.	2001	11451489
dna vaccination of mice with a plasmid encoding puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein mimics the b-cell response induced by virus infection.	inoculation of naked dna has been applied for the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against different viral infections. to study the humoral immune response induced by dna vaccination we cloned the entire nucleocapsid protein-encoding sequence of the puumala hantavirus strain vranica/hällnäs into the cmv promoter-driven expression unit of the plasmid pcdna3, generating pcdna3-vr1. a single dose injection of 50 microg of plasmid dna into each m. tibialis anterior of balb/c mice ...	2001	11035190
health assessment of u.s. military personnel deployed to bosnia-herzegovina for operation joint endeavor.	in anticipation of u.s. forces deploying to bosnia-herzegovina, plans were established to conduct medical surveillance of all military service members. this surveillance would provide the department of defense with an overview of the hospitalization and outpatient morbidity experience of u.s. forces. standardized collection of medical data from all u.s. camps using 14 diagnostic categories based on international classification of diseases, 9th revision, codes began in march 1996. special assessm ...	2001	11413721
modifying the cellular transport of dna-based vaccines alters the immune response to hantavirus nucleocapsid protein.	puumala virus is a member of the hantavirus genus (family bunyaviridae) and is one of the causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in europe. a genetic vaccination approach was conducted to investigate if the immune response could be modulated using different cellular secretion and/or localisation signals, and the immune responses were analysed in balb/c mice and in a bank vole infectious model. rodents vaccinated with dna constructs encoding the antigen fused to an amino ...	2001	11427253
truncated hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins for serotyping hantaan, seoul, and dobrava hantavirus infections.	truncated recombinant nucleocapsid proteins (rnps) of hantaan virus (htnv), seoul virus (seov), and dobrava virus (dobv) were expressed by a baculovirus system. the truncated rnps, which lacked 49 (rnp50) or 154 (rnp155) n-terminal amino acids of the nps of htnv, seov, and dobv, were able to differentiate htnv-, seov-, and dobv-specific immune sera. recombinant np50s retained higher reactivities than rnp155s and were proven useful for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the elisas based o ...	2001	11427545
[cloning and nucleotide sequencing of full length l segment cdna of hantavirus strain a9].	cloning and nucleotide sequencing of full length cdna sequence of l segment of hantavirus strain a9.	2001	11986701
emerging viral infections.	the past decade has witnessed the emergence of several significant viral pathogens and the further evolution of additional viral pathogens. transmitted by a variety of differing routes, these organisms have presented substantial intellectual challenges to medicine of the 20th and 21st centuries. as perhaps the benchmark pathogen of the past decade, hiv has provided medicine and society with a most formidable opponent, and one that has yet to be fully conquered. nonetheless, a variety of addition ...	2001	11964867
mechanisms of integrin-mediated virus attachment and internalization process.	viruses that propagate within vertebrate hosts have adapted many strategies to infect host cells. one of the first steps in a viral infection is the binding of the virus to cell surface molecules. this interaction between a virus and its receptors plays a key role in the multiplication cycle. entry of viruses into cells is a complex, multistep process, and for several viruses, cell attachment and internalization are distinct steps. a number of virus receptors have been identified; a common famil ...	2001	11922076
establishment of a deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus rufinus) breeding colony from wild-caught founders: comparison of reproductive performance of wild-caught and laboratory-reared pairs.	the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) is a natural reservoir for several human pathogens, but little is known about the mechanisms by which such pathogens are maintained in nature. as a first step toward developing a colony of deer mice that were permissive for infection with sin nombre (sn) hantavirus, we collected 68 wild p. maniculatus rufinus from central new mexico. mice from this cohort were used to establish 26 breeding pairs, of which 85% were fertile. in subsequent generations, fertil ...	2001	11924788
clinical characterization of dobrava hantavirus infections in germany.	there is increasing evidence that dobrava (dobv) but not hantaan (htnv) hantavirus is a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) causing agent in central europe. however, only single clinical cases of hfrs due to acute dobv infection have been described so far. we report on three male patients from a non-endemic hantavirus focus in northern germany who suffered from mild to moderate hfrs strongly resembling nephropathia epidemica. serotyping by detection of hantavirus species-specific neutra ...	2001	11393382
haemorrhagic viruses as bioweapons.		2001	11871792
cdc's strategic plan for bioterrorism preparedness and response.	the department of health and human services (dhhs) has played a critical lead role over the past two years in fostering activities associated with the medical and public health response to bioterrorism. based on a charge from secretary donna shalala in 1998, the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) is leading public health efforts to strengthen the nation's capacity to detect and respond to a bioterrorist event. as a result of our efforts, federal, state, and local communities are im ...	2001	11880662
[treatment refractory fever... und then also the kidneys fail].		2001	11808449
antibodies anti-chlamydia pneumoniae and anti-mycoplasma pneumoniae in patients with negative serology for hantavirus. retrospective study.	the seroprevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae in hantavirus seronegative patients, who had symptoms and signs compatible with pneumonia was established. for this purpose we used the indirect fluorescent antibody test. titers > or = 1:16 for c. pneumoniae and m. pneumoniae were found in 8.6% and 17.1% of the serum, respectively, showing evidence of recent or current infection.	2001	11784935
patterns of infection with laguna negra virus in wild populations of calomys laucha in the central paraguayan chaco.	in 1995, an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in the central paraguayan chaco. the primary reservoir of the virus, laguna negra virus, was identified as the vesper mouse, calomys laucha. over a 15-month period, we collected 1,090 small mammals at 12 locations representing 4 habitats common in the central paraguayan chaco. calomys laucha was common in agricultural habitats and uncommon in the native forest habitat. populations of c. laucha were greater during the dry season month ...	2001	11791973
a newly discovered variant of a hantavirus in apodemus peninsulae, far eastern russia.		2001	11747715
first molecular evidence for puumala hantavirus in slovakia.	we report on the first puumala hantavirus nucleotide sequence (strain opina-916) amplified from a bank vole trapped in slovakia, central europe. phylogenetic analysis of the s-segment sequence grouped the virus within the western/central european sublineage of puumala virus. in the neighborhood of the rodent trapping site two cases of human infection by the puumala virus were verified.	2001	11724269
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in anajatuba, maranhão, brazil.	the authors report a confirmed case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the rural area of the municipality of anajatuba, state of maranhão. two other suspected cases from the same region are also described. the confirmed case involved a previously healthy young woman who died with signs and symptoms of acute respiratory insufficiency 5 days after presenting fever, myalgia and a dry cough. the patient was a student who was helping her parents with work in the fields; it was a habit of the family ...	2001	11558007
purification and characterization of the sin nombre virus nucleocapsid protein expressed in escherichia coli.	sin nombre virus is a member of the hantavirus genus, family bunyaviridae, and is an etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. the hantavirus nucleocapsid (n) protein plays an important role in the encapsidation and assembly of the viral negative-sense genomic rna. the sin nombre n protein was expressed as a c-terminal hexahistidine fusion in escherichia coli and initially purified by nickel-affinity chromatography. we developed methods to extract the soluble fraction and to solubilize t ...	2001	11570855
epizootiological survey of hantavirus among rodent species in ningxia hui autonomous province, china.	hantaviral antibodies were detected in the sera from apodemus (a.) agrarius and a. peninsulae captured in ningxia province, china by several different serological diagnostic methods. a total of 409 sera from rodent and insectivore species were collected in 1999 and examined by indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (ifa). among them, 19 of 191 (9.9%) sera of a. agrarius and 1 of 13 (7.7%) sera of a. peninsulae were positive for hantaviral antibodies. the other species (rattus norvegicus, mus ...	2001	11590918
comparison of a new immunochromatographic rapid test with a commercial eia for the detection of puumala virus specific igm antibodies.	hantaviruses are associated with two human diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). puumala virus (puuv), which is one of the hantaviruses, is a causative agent of nephropathia epidemica (ne), a mild form of hfrs.	2001	11595586
human immune response to puumala virus glycoproteins and nucleocapsid protein expressed in mammalian cells.	puumala hantavirus (puuv) glycoproteins g1 and g2 and nucleocapsid protein (n) were expressed in bhk-21 cells by transfection of a plasmid producing a recombinant alphavirus replicon. coexpression of g1 and g2 from separate constructs seemed to be important for the optimal folding of the glycoproteins, as evaluated by a panel of mabs detecting conformational epitopes. to evaluate the human antibody response against recombinant g1, g2 and n, several panels of sera were tested by immunofluorescenc ...	2001	11596100
a lethal disease model for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	hantaviruses are associated with two human diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). development of vaccines and therapies to prevent and treat hfrs and hps have been hampered by the absence of a practical animal model. here we report that andes virus (andv), a south american hantavirus, is highly lethal in adult syrian hamsters. the characteristics of the disease in hamsters, including the incubation period, symptoms of rapidly progressing r ...	2001	11601912
genotyping and preparation of the recombinant nucleocapsid protein antigen of hantavirus.	to identify new recombinant antigens with potential for diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and establish reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism (rt-pcr-rflp) for genotyping of hantavirus.	2001	11677760
seasonal variation in prevalence of antibody to hantaviruses in rodents from southern argentina.	we conducted a small mammal trapping study to investigate temporal variation in prevalence of infection in hantavirus reservoir populations in the patagonian andes mountain range, rio negro province, argentina. rodent blood samples collected in natural and periurban habitats and at the home of an hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) case patient were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. organ tissue samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and nucleotide sequence analysis. ...	2001	11679129
[hantavirus infection in bank voles in the natural reservoir. part 1. characteristics of an infection process in bank voles].	the specific features of hantavirus infection in naturally infected bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus), the principal host of hantavirus of the serotype puumala, were studied during long-term observation of individually marked animals in the active focus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the south of udmurtia. the infection time in the bank voles was defined by paired serum seroconversion tests. in the natural focus, hantavirus was shown to cause asymptomatic persistent infect ...	2001	11680366
hantavirus infections in europe.		2001	11680383
the hantaan virus glycoprotein precursor is cleaved at the conserved pentapeptide waasa.	the medium segment of the tripartite negative-stranded rna genome of hantaviruses encodes for the predicted glycoprotein precursor gpc. we have demonstrated here the expression of the glycoprotein precursor of hantaan virus following transfection of mammalian cells. the cleavage of the precursor into the glycoproteins g1 and g2 followed the rules for signal peptides and seemed to occur directly at the pentapeptide motif "waasa." our data indicate that the signal peptidase complex is responsible ...	2001	11689045
molecular evolution of puumala hantavirus.	puumala virus (puuv) is a negative-stranded rna virus in the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae. in this study, detailed phylogenetic analysis was performed on 42 complete s segment sequences of puuv originated from several european countries, russia, and japan, the largest set available thus far for hantaviruses. the results show that puuv sequences form seven distinct and well-supported genetic lineages; within these lineages, geographical clustering of genetic variants is observed. the ove ...	2001	11689661
hantavirus nucleocapsid protein oligomerization.	hantaviruses are enveloped, negative-strand rna viruses which can be lethal to humans, causing either a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or a hantaviral pulmonary syndrome. the viral genomes consist of three rna segments: the l segment encodes the viral polymerase, the m segment encodes the viral surface glycoproteins g1 and g2, and the s segment encodes the nucleocapsid (n) protein. the n protein is a 420- to 430-residue, 50-kda protein which appears to direct hantavirus assembly, although ...	2001	11160704
hantavirus infections and their prevention.	hantaviruses are rodent-borne bunyaviruses which cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans. this review covers the host interactions of the viruses, including the rodent reservoirs, the clinical outcome of human infections as well as the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of infections. the current stage in prophylaxis and therapy of hantaviral diseases is described and different approaches in vaccine development are discussed.	2001	11709294
rapid presumptive diagnosis of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome by peripheral blood smear review.	hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) is a rare but frequently lethal acute zoonotic viral infection in rural north america. the rapidity of progression from febrile prodrome to cardiogenic shock and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema requiring intensive care creates high diagnostic urgency and a need for a rapid screening tool. in this retrospective cohort study, 2 pathologists scored blinded peripheral blood smears from 52 patients with hcps and 128 seronegative patients referred for diagnosi ...	2001	11710682
[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	puumala hantavirus is the most common hantavirus infection in western europe. the causative agent, puumala virus, is a member of the hantavirus genus in the bunyaviridae family. the natural hosts of hantaviruses are chronically, but asymptomatic infected rodents, which transmit the virus to human in their excretions. puumala virus is carried by the bank vole, clethrionomys glareolus. hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) caused by puumala virus in france or belgium is very similar to the ...	2001	11715607
predominant kidney involvement in a fatal case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome caused by sin nombre virus.	a 27-year-old woman presented to a hospital with symptoms resembling pyelonephritis; respiratory distress did not develop until nearly a day after admission and she subsequently died. the unexplained deaths and critical illnesses project of the centers for disease control and prevention confirmed sin nombre virus infection by the results of serological testing and sequencing of the viral genome; staining of sin nombre virus antigen in the pulmonary capillaries was relatively weak.	2001	11418889
[regional differences and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome].	factors related to the characteristics of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in argentina are described. factors from different scientific fields converge to form the syndrome's analytical framework. some of these factors are the history of spatial occupation, work and production structures, human migration patterns, ethnic composition, reservoir dynamics and its relationship to the different circulating viruses, and human behavior. furthermore, the multiple factors are expressed in three ecological ...	2001	11426265
polymorphism of the cytokine genes in hospitalized patients with puumala hantavirus infection.	nephropathia epidemica (ne) is a mild type of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by puumala (puu) hantavirus. the clinical course of ne varies from asymptomatic to fatal. the aim of this study was to establish whether polymorphisms in the cytokine genes are associated with susceptibility to and outcome of ne.	2001	11427627
[the worldwide challenges of "new" or reemerging communicable diseases at the dawn of the 21st century].	in spite of the very significant advances made during the 20 th century in the prevention and the treatment of communicable diseases, infections are still today, even in developed countries, a major cause of morbidity and mortality. new infectious diseases have emerged (aids, legionellosis, exterotoxigenic e. coli, ebola fever), others have significantly reemerged (tuberculosis, diphtheria, bartonella infections) or have seen their geographic distribution widen considerably (dengue, hantavirus, ...	2001	11427818
[complete genome sequence analysis of the hantavirus z10 strain].	study on the complete genome sequence of hantavirus z10 strain which has been applied for inactivated vaccine production in china, to assess its molecular characteristics and the diversity with other hantaviruses.	2001	11436636
antibody to sin nombre virus in rodents associated with peridomestic habitats in west central montana.	most human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome are acquired in the peridomestic environment, yet studies of the ecology and infection dynamics in the reservoir host, the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus), have focused on sylvan populations. we describe a 2.5-year study of hantavirus infection in rodents associated with peridomestic habitats in west central montana. antibodies reactive with sin nombre virus (snv) were found in five species. overall snv antibody prevalence was highest among d ...	2001	11442208
molecular epidemiology of viral pathogens and tracing of transmission routes: hepatitis-, calici- and hantaviruses.	background: the need to rapidly identify new therapeutic drugs and vaccines for clinically important viral infections has resulted in intensive study of the molecular properties of viruses. modern molecular techniques have provided tools for tracing infections and studying the evolution of viruses. objective study and design: two examples illustrating how modern molecular techniques can be used in clinical virology and molecular epidemiology (hepatitis and caliciviruses), and one example documen ...	2001	11397654
interaction between molecules of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein.	intermolecular interactions of tula hantavirus n (nucleocapsid) protein were detected in the yeast two-hybrid system, prompting further attempts to study this phenomenon. using chemical cross-linking and immunoblotting it was shown that the n protein from purified virus and from infected cell lysates as well as recombinant protein produced in a baculovirus expression system are capable of forming dimers, trimers and multimers, thus confirming the capacity of the protein molecules to interact wit ...	2001	11457990
mystery siliguri fever solved?		2001	11467154
[the worldwide challenges of "new" or reemerging communicable diseases at the dawn of the 21st century].	in the first part of this review, aids, prion diseases, hantavirus and arbovirus infections, ebola hemorrhagic fever, legionellosis, hepatitis c, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli infections, lyme disease, tuberculosis have provided alarming examples of emerging or reemerging infectious diseases. in this second part, the stress is placed on the reemergence of diphtheria and of serious streptococcal infections, on bartonelloses, chlamydia infections, fungal infections, while malaria and cholera ar ...	2001	11468579
geographical distribution of rodent-associated hantaviruses in texas.	the purpose of this study was to increase our knowledge of the geographic distribution and natural host range of hantaviruses in texas, southeastern new mexico, and mexico. blood samples from 3,225 wild rodents, representing 34 species, were tested for hantavirus antibody (igg), using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. hantavirus antibody was found in one or more rodents from each of 13 counties in texas, otero county in southeastern new mexico, and mexico state (central mexico). the 133 anti ...	2001	11469186
unexplained deaths and critical illnesses project (unex).		2001	11474630
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--vermont, 2000.	in 1993, an outbreak of an unexplained pulmonary illness occurred in the southwestern united states. this outbreak led to the first description of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps), a rodentborne hantaviral infection. hantaviruses have been found in rodents in rural areas throughout the united states, but most infection has occurred in the southwest. this report describes the first hps case in vermont and underscores the importance of preventing exposure to peridomestic rodents and recognizing ...	2001	11476530
infection with sin nombre hantavirus: clinical presentation and outcome in children and adolescents.	sin nombre hantavirus (snv) is the leading causative agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in the united states and canada. relatively few cases of hcps have involved children. this report describes the clinical characteristics of a series of pediatric cases of snv infection in the united states and canada from 1993 through march 2000.	2001	11483837
[pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever].		2001	11496775
[hantavirus-related hemorrhagic fever in europe].		2001	11496776
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome due to andes virus in temuco, chile: clinical experience with 16 adults.	to describe the clinical features and laboratory abnormalities of 16 adults with confirmed hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) due to andes virus in temuco, chile.	2001	11502657
longitudinal studies of sin nombre virus in deer mouse-dominated ecosystems of montana.	sin nombre virus (snv), hosted by the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus), is the primary etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in north america. to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of hps in the western united states, we conducted studies of population dynamics and snv antibody prevalence in deer mouse populations for 6 years on 12 mark-recapture grids in montana. monthly numbers of deer mice ranged from zero to over 170 on 1-hectare grids. snv antibody prevalence ...	2001	11504405
sex differences in immune responses and viral shedding following seoul virus infection in norway rats.	in the field, male rodents are more frequently infected with hantaviruses than females. this study examined whether patterns of immune responses against hantavirus differed between the sexes. male and female long evans rats (rattus norvegicus) were inoculated with seoul virus, and antibody and cytokine responses, as well as virus shedding were assessed. males were more likely to shed virus in saliva, to shed virus through multiple routes (saliva, urine, and feces), and to have viral rna in the s ...	2001	11504409
dna vaccination with the hantaan virus m gene protects hamsters against three of four hfrs hantaviruses and elicits a high-titer neutralizing antibody response in rhesus monkeys.	four hantaviruses-hantaan virus (htnv), seoul virus (seov), dobrava virus (dobv) and puumala virus-are known to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in europe and asia. htnv causes the most severe form of hfrs (5 to 15% case-fatality rate) and afflicts tens of thousands of people annually. previously, we demonstrated that dna vaccination with a plasmid expressing the seov m gene elicited neutralizing antibodies and protected hamsters against infection with seov and htnv. here, we r ...	2001	11507192
hbv core particles as a carrier for b cell/t cell epitopes.	in the middle 80s, recombinant hepatitis b virus cores (hbc) gave onset to icosahedral virus-like particles (vlps) as a basic class of non-infectious carriers of foreign immunological epitopes. the recombinant hbc particles were used to display immunodominant epitopes of hepatitis b, c, and e virus, human rhinovirus, papillomavirus, hantavirus, and influenza virus, human and simian immunodeficiency virus, bovine and feline leukemia virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, murine cytomegalovirus and ...	2001	11509871
a chemiluminescence detection method of hantaviral antigens in neutralisation assays and inhibitor studies.	a protocol for chemiluminescence detection of hantaviral antigens in infected cell foci is described. this focus detection is based on the conversion of a substrate into a luminescent product by peroxidase-antibody conjugates; the emitted light of infected cell foci can easily be recorded by autoradiography or video imaging providing a hard copy for documentation. the main advantage of this method as compared to conventional immunochemical staining is a higher detection sensitivity due to the in ...	2001	11516485
virology. finally, a handle on the hantaviruses.		2001	11520958
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: diagnostic problems with a known disease.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), caused by different hantaviruses, is a distinct clinical syndrome endemic in several parts of asia and europe. however, the clinical picture can sometimes be indistinguishable from that of other infectious or noninfectious diseases. in this report we describe a clinical case, which is a rare occurrence but is a prime example of the difficulties in the diagnosis of hfrs in areas with a low prevalence of the disease.	2001	11526193
from the centers for disease control and prevention. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--vermont, 2000.		2001	11529243
epidemiology and epizootiology of hantavirus infection in japan.	hantaviruses cause two severe human diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). various rodent species act as animal reservoirs for hantavirus. in japan, urban rat- (rattus norvegicus) and laboratory rat-derived human infections were reported during the 1960s and 1970s-1984, respectively. although no human cases of infection have been reported since 1984, infected urban rats have been found throughout japan, and infected grey red-backed voles ( ...	2001	11544398
t-helper and humoral responses to puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein: identification of t-helper epitopes in a mouse model.	puumala hantavirus (puuv) is a rodent-borne agent causing nephropathia epidemica in humans, a milder form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome occurring in fennoscandia, central europe and western russia. in this study we characterized the immunogenicity of an e. coli-expressed nucleocapsid (n) protein of puuv (strain kazan-e6) in inbred mice (balb/c, cba and c57/bl6). the recombinant n (rn) protein raised puuv-specific antibodies in all three tested murine haplotypes, and all igg subclasse ...	2001	11125166
dobrava hantavirus causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in central europe and is carried by two different apodemus mice species.	in central europe, hemorrhagic fevers with renal syndrome (hfrs) in humans are caused by the hantavirus species puumala (transmitted by voles) and a second, hantaan-related species (transmitted by mice). the second virus could be identified as dobrava virus. to date, 19 clinical cases of dobrava infection have been found in germany and slovakia. all patients exhibited a mild/moderate clinical course and no case fatality occurred. screening for infected rodents revealed that the striped field mou ...	2001	11170053
risks and prevention of nosocomial transmission of rare zoonotic diseases.	americans are increasingly exposed to exotic zoonotic diseases through travel, contact with exotic pets, occupational exposure, and leisure pursuits. appropriate isolation precautions are required to prevent nosocomial transmission of rare zoonotic diseases for which person-to-person transmission has been documented. this minireview provides guidelines for the isolation of patients and management of staff exposed to the following infectious diseases with documented person-to-person transmission: ...	2001	11170953
expression of immunogenic puumala virus nucleocapsid protein in transgenic tobacco and potato plants.	transgenic plants, expressing recombinant proteins, are suitable alternatives for the production of relevant immunogens. in the present study, the expression of puumala virus nucleocapsid protein in tobacco and potato plants (nicotiana tabacum and solanum tuberosum) and its immunogenicity was investigated. after infection of leaf discs of sr1 tobacco and tuber discs of potato cv. "desiree" with the agrobacterium strain lba4404 (pal4404, pbinar-puu-s) containing the 1302 bp cdna sequence of s-rna ...	2001	11210942
hantaviruses: history and overview.		2001	11217399
clinical manifestations of new world hantaviruses.		2001	11217400
clinical characteristics of hantavirus infections on the eurasian continent.		2001	11217401
replication of hantaviruses.		2001	11217402
human immune response, host genetics, and severity of disease.		2001	11217403
vaccines against hantaviruses.		2001	11217404
hantavirus maturation.		2001	11217405
virus evolution and genetic diversity of hantaviruses and their rodent hosts.		2001	11217406
modeling hantavirus maintenance and transmission in rodent communities.		2001	11217407
cellular receptors and hantavirus pathogenesis.	hantaviruses cause two potentially lethal diseases, hps and hfrs, and both diseases result in defects in vascular permeability and platelet function. human beta 3 integrins confer cellular susceptibility to hps- and hfrs-causing hantaviruses, a fact directly linking platelets, endothelial cells, and hantavirus diseases to the use of [figure: see text] cellular receptors that maintain capillary integrity and regulate platelet function. the role of vitronectin, pai-1, upar, and complement cascades ...	2001	11217408
genetic characterization of puumala hantavirus strains from belgium: evidence for a distinct phylogenetic lineage.	puumala hantavirus (puuv) sequences were recovered from red bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) trapped between 1996 and 1998 in four localities of southern belgium: thuin, montbliart, momignies and couvin. in addition, three puuv isolates originating from bank voles trapped in the 1980s in southern (montbliart) and northern (turnhout) belgium were genetically characterized. analysis of the complete s and partial m segment sequences showed that the belgian puuv strains constitute a genetic line ...	2001	11226569
prevalence of antibodies to sin nombre virus in humans living in rural areas of southern new mexico and western texas.		2001	11226584
[analysis of the primary structure of hantavirus rna, detected in organs of patients that died from hfks in the republic of bashkortostan].	fragments of the minor s and middle m segments of hantavirus genome rna were isolated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) from the organs of patients who died from hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (hfrs) during an epidemic outbreak of this infection in the bashkortostan republic in 1997-1998. the sizes of the resultant pcr fragments were 317 p. n. for s segment and 416 p. n. for m segment. their primary structures (genbank registration numbers aj133581 and aj1335 ...	2001	11236741