Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| phocine distemper in harbor seals (phoca vitulina) from long island, new york. | the first occurrence of phocine distemper (pd) disease in harbor seals (phoca vitulina) from the united states is reported. two seals stranded on long island, new york (usa) in february 1992 with clinical signs of respiratory distress, fever, and depression. pneumonia and diffuse pulmonary congestion were the most significant post mortem findings. on histologic examination one seal had a diffuse broncho-interstitial pneumonia with formation of syncytia. the principal lesion in the second animal ... | 1993 | 8355350 |
| paramyxoviruses and paget's disease. | using the technique of in situ hybridisation, we extended our initial studies of the occurrence of canine distemper and measles virus in paget's disease. bone samples from untreated patients and patients treated with 3-amino-hydroxypropylidene 1,1 bisphosphonate pamidronate (apd) were examined for canine distemper nucleocapsid (cdv-n), measles nucleocapsid (mv-n), respiratory syncytial virus fusion (rsv-f), and simian virus 5 haemoglutinin-neuraminidase (sv5-hn) sequences using 35s-labelled sens ... | 1993 | 8360634 |
| brain structures selectively targeted by canine distemper virus in a mouse model infection. | paramyxoviruses such as measles virus or canine distemper virus are etiological agents for acute and chronic encephalitis (measles inclusion body encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and chronic distemper encephalitis or old dog encephalitis). the mechanisms by which viral injury leads to neurological diseases have not yet been fully elucidated. we have developed an experimental model in mice in order to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of canine distemper virus in the ... | 1993 | 8360700 |
| pathology and epidemiology of canine distemper in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). | from september to december 1991, a large number of free-ranging raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) died from a highly contagious disease in the vicinity of tokyo. eighteen seriously ill or dead animals were submitted for necropsy. the pathological findings resembled those in a masked palm civet (paguma larvata) found infected with canine distemper virus (cdv) in the same area in late august 1991. the most striking features were pneumonia and gastroenteritis. microscopical lesions consisted ... | 1993 | 8366205 |
| fusion protein gene nucleotide sequence similarities, shared antigenic sites and phylogenetic analysis suggest that phocid distemper virus type 2 and canine distemper virus belong to the same virus entity. | nucleotide sequencing of the fusion protein (f) gene of phocid distemper virus-2 (pdv-2), recently isolated from baikal seals (phoca sibirica), revealed an open reading frame (nucleotides 84 to 2075) with two potential in-frame atg translation initiation codons. we suggest that the second in-frame atg triplet at positions 264 to 266 initiates the translation, resulting in a protein of 537 amino acid residues with a calculated m(r) of 63,035. the putative f1/f2 cleavage site, located approximatel ... | 1993 | 8376973 |
| tyzzer's disease complicated with distemper in a puppy. | a pomeranian puppy which died from diarrhea and nasal discharge showed catarrhal pneumonia, acute enteritis and focal liver necrosis. slender bacilli were detected within ileal enterocytes and hepatocytes. a double infection with a distemper virus and tyzzer's organism at a cellular level was seen within the ileal enterocytes. | 1993 | 8390302 |
| dual infection with canine distemper virus and infectious canine hepatitis virus (canine adenovirus type 1) in a dog. | a 72-day-old, female, golden retriever dog showed anorexia, coughing, nasal discharge, diarrhea and hematochezia, and died on the 15th clinical day. pathological examination revealed dual infection with canine distemper virus (cdv) and canine adenovirus (cav). cav inclusion bodies occurred only in the liver, and biliary and respiratory system, whereas cdv inclusions were demonstrated in the visceral organs systematically. the cav inclusions were associated with multifocal hepatocellular necrosis ... | 1993 | 8399762 |
| saponin treatment for in situ hybridization maintains good morphological preservation. | the commonly used procedures for in situ hybridization require treatment of the tissue with non-ionic detergents and proteolytic enzymes, resulting in considerable loss of morphological detail. in this study proteinase pre-treatment of the tissue was replaced by saponin, a highly surface-active plant glycoside. this saponin treatment allowed good preservation of tissue morphology, as determined by differential interference and contrast enhanced video microscopy. saponin pre-treatment resulted in ... | 1993 | 8417105 |
| enhanced production of morbillivirus gene-specific rnas following induction of the cellular stress response in stable persistent infection. | previous in vitro work demonstrated the incorporation of the major inducible 70k heat shock protein (i.e., 72k hsp) into the biologically active light nucleocapsid (l-nc) variant of canine distemper virus (cdv). here, in vitro induction of the cellular stress response, characterized by elevated cytoplasmic and intranuclear 72k hsp, enhanced l-nc expression in mink lung cells supporting stable persistent infection by raccoon-origin cdv. increases in l-nc were correlated to increased viral rna pro ... | 1993 | 8421900 |
| cellular stress response induces selective intranuclear trafficking and accumulation of morbillivirus major core protein. | using canine distemper virus (cdv) encephalomyelitis as a model for morbillivirus-induced intranuclear inclusion body (inb) formation, we previously demonstrated that the cellular basis for inb within infected astrocytes are viral antigen-associated nucleolar derivatives known as complex nuclear bodies. here, we examined the relationship between the cellular stress response and intranuclear cdv protein trafficking so that we may begin to define cellular events leading to formation of complex nuc ... | 1993 | 8423670 |
| intertypic differentiation and detection of intratypic variants among canine and phocid morbillivirus isolates by kinetic neutralization using a novel immunoplaque assay. | intertypic antigenic differences and the intratypic variability of the closely related canine (cvd) and phocid distemper viruses (pdv) were examined using a molecular (monoclonal antibodies specific for the h- and f-glycoproteins) and a functional (kinetic neutralization, kn) approach. kn studies were carried out using a novel immunoplaque technique which combined conventional plaque assay and antigen-specific enzyme-immunostaining techniques. morbillivirus isolates of canine and phocid origin c ... | 1993 | 8432764 |
| canine distemper virus l gene: sequence and comparison with related viruses. | we cloned the genomic rna of canine distemper virus (cdv) and determined the nucleotide sequence of the large (l) protein-coding gene. the l gene is 6573 nucleotides long and contains a single open reading frame coding for a polypeptide of 2161 amino acids (mw 246,354). the precise 5' end of the viral genome consists of a 38-nucleotide leader region. the cdv l protein shows over 77% amino acid similarity with its morbilliform relative measles virus (mv) with nearly 67% of their amino acids conse ... | 1993 | 8438585 |
| canine distemper terminal and intergenic non-protein coding nucleotide sequences: completion of the entire cdv genome sequence. | sequences critical for the transcription and replication functions of canine distemper virus (cdv) rna polymerase were analyzed. the sequence was obtained from polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products using either c-dna clones from a genomic library as template or in most instances genomic cdv rna. clones coding for the precise 3'- and 5'-ends of the cdv genome were sequenced and the results confirmed by additional pcr experiments. the virtual identity of terminal sequences and spacing at the tw ... | 1993 | 8438593 |
| canine distemper virus transcripts detected in the bone cells of dogs with metaphyseal osteopathy. | using the technique of in situ hybridisation, we have recently extended our observations that canine distemper virus (cdv) is present in the bone cells of patients with paget's disease, and have shown that cdv is also detectable in the bone cells of dogs that are naturally infected with the virus. since hybridisation was localised to bone cells within the metaphyses of the affected dogs, we investigated the possibility that cdv might be involved in the canine metaphyseal bone disorder, metaphyse ... | 1993 | 8443004 |
| phocine distemper in a harp seal (phoca groenlandica) from the gulf of st. lawrence, canada. | the first case of phocine distemper in a seal from canadian waters and the first case of clinical phocine distemper in a harp seal, phoca groenlandica, is reported. a two-month-old female harp seal stranded on prince edward island in may 1991. significant clinical findings were lethargy and severe conjunctivitis. pulmonary congestion was the main necropsy finding, and histological lesions included diffuse demyelinating nonsuppurative encephalitis and mild multifocal interstitial pneumonia. acido ... | 1993 | 8445769 |
| restricted canine distemper virus infection of oligodendrocytes. | canine distemper virus, a morbillivirus induces multifocal demyelination in the central nervous system. the acute demyelination correlates with virus replication in brain cells, especially astrocytes. observations in vivo and in vitro demonstrated degeneration of oligodendrocytes, the myelin producing cells. however, the mechanism of oligodendroglial degeneration in distemper remained unexplained. infection of the myelin producing cells, the most obvious explanation for the phenomenon of demyeli ... | 1993 | 8450647 |
| the use of monoclonal antibodies specific for seal immunoglobulins in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect canine distemper virus-specific immunoglobulin in seal plasma samples. | a method is described for the measurement of antigen-specific immunoglobulin in seal pup plasmas. four monoclonal antibodies (h1a, h13a, h24b and h49a) raised against grey seal (halichoerus grypus) immunoglobulin were used in an elisa procedure. levels of canine distemper virus (cdv) specific macroglobulin (igm like protein) were found to peak approximately 10 days after the first vaccination. levels of other smaller cdv-specific immunoglobulins (igg like protein) also increased after vaccinatio ... | 1993 | 8459104 |
| characterization of morbilliviruses isolated from dolphins and porpoises in europe. | a previously unidentified morbillivirus was isolated from two harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) that had died in the dutch waddensea (north sea) in 1990. this porpoise morbillivirus (pmv) and a dolphin morbillivirus (dmv), which had recently caused a heavy mortality in mediterranean striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), were compared antigenically with other members of the genus morbillivirus, including the newly recognized phocine distemper virus type 1. dmv and pmv proved to be similar ... | 1993 | 8468554 |
| vaccination of mice against canine distemper virus-induced encephalitis with vaccinia virus recombinants encoding measles or canine distemper virus antigens. | measles and canine distemper are caused by serologically related viruses. although dogs immunized with measles virus (mv) do not elicit canine distemper virus (cdv) neutralizing antibodies, they are protected against the fatal disease. to investigate the potential role of the mv antigens in protection against cdv, we have immunized mice with vaccinia virus (vv) recombinants expressing the mv haemagglutinin (ha), fusion (f), nucleoprotein (np) and matrix (m) antigens and challenged them with cdv. ... | 1993 | 8470428 |
| canine distemper virus isolated from a captive seal. | 1993 | 8506602 | |
| measles virus haemagglutinin induces down-regulation of gp57/67, a molecule involved in virus binding. | a surface glycoprotein (gp57/67) was previously shown to be involved in measles virus (mv) binding and characterized in our laboratory. here, we described down-regulation of cell surface gp57/67 after infection with mv. this effect is specific for mv since cells infected with canine distemper virus, closely related to mv, did not down-regulate gp57/67. the decrease in cell surface gp57/67 correlated with expression of mv glycoproteins and more particularly with the expression of mv haemagglutini ... | 1993 | 8509760 |
| prevalence of morbilliviruses among pinniped and cetacean species. | since 1987, morbillivirus infections have caused serious disease outbreaks with high mortality among aquatic mammals. baikal seals (phoca sibirica) in siberia were involved in an outbreak caused by a virus closely related to canine distemper virus (cdv) in 1987. harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and grey seals (halichoerus grypus) in north-western europe were struck by a newly recognised morbillivirus of seals (pdv1). a serological survey has indicated that these morbillivirus infections frequently ... | 1993 | 8518442 |
| canine distemper virus replication in cells on microcarriers. | chick embryo and vero cells were grown on gelaspher m gelatin microcarriers in suspension culture. the microcarriers had no adverse effects on cell morphology and growth. microcarrier cell cultures were used for large-scale production of canine distemper virus. virus yields (tcid50 per ml) were more than 10-times higher as compared to stationary cell culture. | 1993 | 8184793 |
| multiple oral procedures performed on a dog with distemper myoclonus. | a 3-year-old male mixed-breed dog was treated for an oral defect along the rostral portion of the hard palate and an oronasal fistula secondary to a severe mandibular brachygnathism and persistent canine distemper virus associated myoclonus. this report describes the treatment using a bilateral radical premaxillectomy, oronasal fistula repair, and pulpotomy. | 1993 | 7917067 |
| prevalence of canine distemper antibodies in the pagetic population. | recent molecular evidence has implicated canine distemper virus (cdv) as a possible aetiologic agent in paget's disease. however, previous serological studies have shown no differences in levels of anti-cdv antibodies between paget's patients and controls. in this study, the technique of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure anti-cdv antibodies in a group of paget's patients from the north west of england. some patients were undergoing treatment with 3-amino-hydroxypropylidene (a ... | 1993 | 8228922 |
| in situ hybridization of virulent canine distemper virus in brain tissue, using digoxigenin-labeled probes. | only a few hybridization experiments have been performed for detection of canine distemper virus (cdv) nucleic acid sequences in tissue cultures and in various tissues. those published studies used probes derived from tissue culture-adapted cdv, and hybridization signals were not obtained in the cns tissue, although infective cdv and viral antigen were detectable in this tissue. we developed probes complementary to virulent cdv and were able to detect viral rna not only in primary brain cell cul ... | 1993 | 8239133 |
| measles virus antigens induce both type-specific and canine distemper virus cross-reactive cytotoxic t lymphocytes in mice: localization of a common ld-restricted nucleoprotein epitope. | we have studied the induction of the cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response to measles virus (mv) antigens expressed as vaccinia virus (vv) recombinants in a murine model. in c3h mice (h-2k) only the nucleoprotein (np) induced a ctl response and this was shown to be cross-reactive with the closely related canine distemper virus (cdv). the presentation of this antigen was shown to be kk-restricted. in balb/c mice (h-2d), both the haemagglutinin (ha) and the np induced a strong ctl response, the fo ... | 1993 | 7504072 |
| restricted cdv infection leads to oligodendroglial degeneration. | 1993 | 7687369 | |
| restricted expression of viral surface proteins in canine distemper encephalitis. | sixteen dogs with naturally occurring acute and chronic canine distemper virus (cdv) encephalitis were examined immunohistochemically for the presence of the five major cdv-specific proteins in the central nervous system. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against two, three, four and five epitopes of the nucleo- (n), phospho- (p), fusion (f), and hemagglutinin (h) protein, respectively, and a polyclonal monospecific antibody recognizing the matrix (m) protein were used. both core proteins an ... | 1993 | 7687812 |
| in vivo and in vitro expression of canine distemper viral proteins in dogs and non-domestic carnivores. | the occurrence of the nucleo-, phospho-, matrix, fusion, and hemagglutinin proteins of the canine distemper virus (cdv) was investigated immunocytochemically in the brains of 3 dogs, 6 stone martens, 1 polecat, and 1 weasel. in addition, viral protein expression was studied in primary brain cell cultures of the 3 dogs after co-cultivation with vero cells. immunohistochemically, only minor differences, restricted to the h-4 epitope, were noted between the various species and cdv isolates. the dat ... | 1993 | 7691048 |
| electroencephalogram and evoked potentials in the primate model of viral encephalitis. | squirrel monkeys with induced canine distemper virus (cdv) encephalitis showed characteristic clinical signs such as seizures or myoclonus, with eegs showing periodic synchronized discharge (psd). histopathologically, there was gliosis and neuronal degeneration diffusely distributed in both the gray and white matters in the subacute phase, the lesions resembling those found in childhood acute viral encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). the auditory brain-stem response (abr ... | 1993 | 7691564 |
| use of b95a cells for isolation of canine distemper virus from clinical cases. | canine distemper virus (cdv) was readily isolated at high rate with marked cytopathic effect (cpe) in b95a cells, a marmoset lymphoid cell line, from the peripheral blood leukocytes, cerebrospinal fluid cells and brain of dogs. difference in type of cpe, i.e. syncytium type and round-cell one, among the virus isolates indicate the presence of heterogeneity of virus populations in prevalent cdv. thus, this cell system is expected to be useful for ecological studies on cdv in the field. | 1993 | 8117810 |
| dogs, distemper and paget's disease. | the cause of paget's disease is still unknown, despite many years of intensive study. during this time, evidence has sporadically emerged to suggest that the disease may result from a slow viral infection by one or more of the paramyxoviruses. more recently, epidemiologic and molecular studies have suggested that the canine paramyxovirus, canine distemper virus, is the virus responsible for the disease. if true, then along with rabies, this would be a further example of a canine virus causing hu ... | 1993 | 8141796 |
| canine distemper virus infection in a masked palm civet (paguma larvata). | a free-living masked palm civet (paguma larvata) died after exhibiting signs of canine distemper (cd). the microscopic lesions consisted of cytoplasmic and intranuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies, bronchointerstitial pneumonia, non-purulent encephalitis accompanied by demyelination and lymphocytic depletion in various lymphoid tissues. cd virus-specific antigens were demonstrated immunohistochemically in intracellular eosinophilic inclusions, which were ultrastructurally confirmed to be viral ... | 1992 | 1291591 |
| a serologic survey of the island fox (urocyon littoralis) on the channel islands, california. | the island fox is listed as a threatened species in california. a serologic survey of 194 island foxes (urocyon littoralis) was conducted over the entire range of the species on the channel islands (california, usa). antibody prevalence against canine adenovirus and canine parvovirus reached 97% and 59%, respectively, in some populations sampled. antibody prevalence of canine herpesvirus, canine coronavirus, leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis were low. antibodies against canine distemper virus were ... | 1992 | 1318424 |
| intranuclear inclusions in paramyxovirus-induced encephalitis: evidence for altered nuclear body differentiation. | intranuclear inclusion bodies (inb) are frequently encountered in viral infections, where they are thought to be accumulations of viral particles. however, for rna viruses replicating in the cytoplasm, this compartmentalization represents a paradox not consistent with the viral replication cycle. to define the basis for intranuclear paramyxoviral inclusion bodies in astrocytes, natural cases of canine distemper virus subacute encephalitis were examined by light and transmission electron microsco ... | 1992 | 1332364 |
| canine distemper virus transcripts sequenced from pagetic bone. | paget's disease is a chronic disease of the skeleton which is believed to be caused by a persistent virus of the paramyxovirus family. there is still conflict as to the precise identity of the virus(es) involved in causing this disease. our previous results using in situ hybridisation have implicated distemper as a possible cause of this disease. in order to confirm these results, we have reverse transcribed rna from pagetic bone and have specifically amplified for distemper and measles sequence ... | 1992 | 1345324 |
| viruses and demyelination in the central nervous system. | 1992 | 1345737 | |
| distemper encephalitis in pups after vaccination of the dam. | a five-year-old labrador bitch which had whelped 10 pups three days previously was given booster vaccination against distemper, adenovirus, parvovirus, parainfluenzavirus and leptospirosis. eighteen days later, signs of central nervous system disease developed in some of the pups, five of which were ultimately euthanased. the cause of the nervous disease was found to be canine distemper, and serological studies showed that the infection was limited to some members of the litter, suggesting that ... | 1992 | 1347434 |
| dog lymphocyte cultures facilitate the isolation and growth of virulent canine distemper virus. | optimal conditions for the isolation and growth of virulent canine distemper virus (cdv) in canine thymic and peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures were determined. peak virus titers were seen from 3 to 6 days postinoculation of lymphocytes and depended on the multiplicity of infection. dog lymphocytes were at least as susceptible as canine macrophages to infection with virulent cdv. virus replication in lymphocytes resulted in higher virus titers than in dog lung macrophages. peripheral blood ly ... | 1992 | 1387554 |
| improved isolation of rinderpest virus in transformed bovine t lymphoblast cell lines. | bovine t lymphoblast cell lines transformed by the protozoan theileria parva were compared with bovine kidney (bk) and vero cells for their ability to isolate various strains of rinderpest virus from tissues and infected secretions. all of the strains of rinderpest virus that were tested, including attenuated cell-culture, caprinised and lapinised vaccines, and both mild and virulent pathogenic strains, readily induced syncytial cytopathic effect (cpe) in t lymphoblasts. the cpe could often be d ... | 1992 | 1410806 |
| [a case from general practice (2): conspicuous laboratory findings]. | 1992 | 1462671 | |
| canine distemper virus in bone. | 1992 | 1471335 | |
| diseases, parasites and survival of coyotes in south-central georgia. | serologic testing, radio-telemetry and post-mortem diagnostic evaluations were used to investigate survival and causes of mortality among 17 coyotes (canis latrans) in south-central georgia (usa). prevalence of canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) microfilariae was lower (p = 0.057) among fall-captured (22%) than among winter-captured (75%) coyotes. prevalence of heartworm was higher among adults than juveniles in the fall, but no significant difference was detected between animals captured in ... | 1992 | 1474655 |
| diseases and parasites of red foxes, gray foxes, and coyotes from commercial sources selling to fox-chasing enclosures. | fifty-six red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 18 gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus), and 13 coyotes (canis latrans) obtained by the south carolina wildlife and marine resources department during an investigation of suspected illegal wildlife translocation were examined for diseases and parasites. red foxes and coyotes were confiscated from an animal dealer based in ohio (usa), and gray foxes were purchased from an animal dealer in indiana (usa). emphasis was placed on detection of pathogens representi ... | 1992 | 1474656 |
| possible vaccine-induced canine distemper in a south american bush dog (speothos venaticus). | suspected vaccine-induced canine distemper was diagnosed in a captive female bush dog (speothos venaticus). macroscopic lesions included mild congestion of the gastric mucosa and focal consolidation of the lung. histopathological lesions included status spongiosis, gliosis, widespread eosinophilic, intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons, astrocytes and gitter cells of the cerebral, cerebellar and spinal white matter. | 1992 | 1474661 |
| round table on morbilliviruses in marine mammals. | since 1988 morbilliviruses have been increasingly recognized and held responsible for mass mortality amongst harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and other seal species. virus isolations and characterization proved that morbilliviruses from seals in northwest europe were genetically distinct from other known members of this group including canine distemper virus (cdv), rinderpest virus, peste des petits ruminants virus and measles virus. an epidemic in baikal seals in 1987 was apparently caused by a m ... | 1992 | 1481361 |
| distemper vaccination in ferrets. | 1992 | 1496764 | |
| antibody response to canine distemper vaccine in african wild dogs. | antibody levels against canine distemper virus were measured by means of an immunofluorescent antibody test prior to, and after, administration of a modified-live virus booster vaccine to seven african wild dogs (lycaon pictus). positive seroconversion with no harmful side-effects was seen in all the animals. | 1992 | 1512877 |
| canine distemper virus increases procoagulant activity of macrophages. | inflammatory demyelination in canine distemper has been proposed to be due to a "bystander" mechanism, in which macrophages play an important role. in the present work we studied whether infection of macrophages by canine distemper virus (cdv) results in changes of macrophage functions, including fc receptor-dependent and -independent phagocytosis, release of reactive oxygen species (ros), and procoagulant activity (pca). as a source of macrophages, dog bone marrow cells were seeded in teflon ba ... | 1992 | 1519355 |
| the fusion protein gene of phocine distemper virus: nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences and a comparison of morbillivirus fusion proteins. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the fusion protein of phocine distemper virus has been determined. the mrna is 2206 nucleotides in length and contains one major open reading frame (orf) of 1893 nucleotides encoding a potential protein of 631 amino acid residues. however, analogy with canine distemper virus (cdv) suggests that translation of the f protein starts at the sixth aug codon in the mrna sequence which is located at position 461, resulting in an f0 protein of exactly the sam ... | 1992 | 1524494 |
| the genes encoding the phospho- and matrix proteins of phocine distemper virus. | the nucleotide sequences of the phosphoprotein (p)/v/c and matrix (m) protein genes of phocine distemper virus (pdv) have been determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the proteins derived from these genes compared with those of the other morbilliviruses. the 1655 nucleotides of the p gene encode a phosphoprotein of 507 amino acid residues (from nucleotide numbers 60 to 1583) which is 75% identical to that of canine distemper virus (cdv). the c proteins of the two viruses are 73% ident ... | 1992 | 1535099 |
| distemper vaccination in ferrets. | 1992 | 1546441 | |
| identification of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in mononuclear cells from the cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with canine distemper. | 1992 | 1557867 | |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in raccoons. | serum samples from 427 raccoons (93 from pennsylvania, 45 from new jersey, 72 from south carolina, 68 from virginia, 30 from iowa, and 119 from ohio) were evaluated for toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dilutions of 1:25, 1:50, and 1:500. the distribution of t gondii antibody titers was less than 1:25 for 212 raccoons (49.6%), 1:25 for 34 raccoons (7.9%), 1:50 for 117 raccoons (27.4%), and greater than or equal to 1:500 for 64 raccoons (14.9%). tissue cysts were seen in the liver, and tachyzoites ... | 1992 | 1559896 |
| distemper vaccination in ferrets. | 1992 | 1561749 | |
| antarctic seals carry antibodies against seal herpesvirus. | weddell seals in the antarctica had high neutralizing antibody titres to seal- and feline herpesvirus and none against phocine distemper virus. crab-eater seals were free of antibodies. this suggests an evolutionary wide spread of seal herpesvirus. | 1992 | 1562238 |
| concurrent protozoal encephalitis and canine distemper virus infection in a raccoon (procyon lotor). | 1992 | 1566543 | |
| canine distemper virus-immune complexes induce bystander degeneration of oligodendrocytes. | demyelination in chronic canine distemper encephalitis may be the result of a bystander effect in which the antiviral immune response is involved. in the present report we demonstrate that canine distemper virus-antiviral antibody immune complexes induce oligodendroglial degeneration in mixed brain cell cultures, particularly at the level of the cell processes. the involvement of macrophages as effector cells in this process was confirmed by depletion of these cells from the cultures which preve ... | 1992 | 1575016 |
| molecular characterization of phocine distemper virus: gene order and sequence of the gene encoding the attachment (h) protein. | generation of a set of cdna clones covering the n, p/v/c, m, f, h and part of the l gene of phocine distemper virus (pdv) has been described. the gene order of pdv determined from a physical as well as a transcriptional map, was identical to that of the other morbilliviruses so far studied. the h gene sequence (1951 nucleotides) contains one large open reading frame which encodes a protein of 607 amino acids, identical in length to that of the h protein of the convac strain of canine distemper v ... | 1992 | 1588321 |
| molecular and serological studies on the recent seal virus epizootics in europe and siberia. | the virus epizootics which occurred in seals in both europe and siberia during 1987/1988 were caused by two different morbilliviruses, referred to as phocid distemper virus (pdv) 1 and 2, respectively. molecular and serological studies have shown that the european virus is quite distinct from canine distemper virus (cdv), its closest relative in the morbillivirus group. analysis of tissues obtained from infected seals from a wide geographical distribution over northern europe showed that the inf ... | 1992 | 1594928 |
| phocine distemper virus, the agent responsible for the 1988 mass mortality of seals. | the biochemical characterisation of phocine distemper virus (pdv) has shown that pdv is related to but clearly distinct from canine distemper virus (cdv) and relative to its relationship with cdv is only remotely related to the other morbilliviruses, namely measles virus (mv) or rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv). comparative studies with monoclonal antibodies indicate that the virus is serologically closely related to cdv with many conserved epitopes, particularl ... | 1992 | 1594934 |
| the serological response of the common seal (phoca vitulina) and the grey seal (halichoerus grypus) to phocine distemper virus as measured by a canine distemper virus neutralisation test. | the application of a canine distemper virus (cdv) neutralisation test revealed that antibody titres of up to 11,620 were present in the sera of common seals during the epizootic of phocine distemper in british waters. however, during the later stages of the epizootic and afterwards, a surprisingly high proportion of animals were still seronegative. titres of from 90 to 183 were common in diseased animals and were probably indicative of partial immunosuppression. a few animals with proven phocine ... | 1992 | 1594940 |
| canine distemper infection associated with acute nervous signs in dogs. | eight vaccinated dogs suddenly developed progressive ataxia, paresis or paralysis of short duration. a histopathological examination revealed a non-suppurative meningoencephalitis suggestive of a viral infection, and immunohistochemical examination confirmed the presence of canine distemper virus antigen in five of the dogs. distemper had not been suspected from the clinical examination of the dogs. | 1992 | 1595146 |
| the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the m gene of phocid distemper virus (pdv). the most conserved protein of morbilliviruses shows a uniquely close relationship between pdv and canine distemper virus. | the nucleotide sequence of the matrix gene (m) of a recently identified morbillivirus, phocid distemper virus (pdv), was determined and the amino acid composition deduced. the m gene of pdv shared many characteristics with the corresponding gene in other morbilliviruses. the nucleotide homology with the closely related canine distemper virus (cdv) was maximum at 67% followed by measles virus (mv) (58%) and rinderpest virus (rpv) (56%). the length of the 5' long untranslated region of pdv (408) w ... | 1992 | 1604930 |
| canine distemper virus iscoms induce protection in harbour seals (phoca vitulina) against phocid distemper but still allow subsequent infection with phocid distemper virus-1. | a candidate canine distemper virus (cdv) iscom vaccine has been shown to be effective in protecting harbour seals (phoca vitulina) from phocid distemper in 1988. however, of the 35 harbour seals receiving this vaccine upon admission to a seal rehabilitation and research centre (pieterburen, the netherlands) in 1989, six developed mild inflammatory symptoms of the respiratory tract. phocid distemper virus-1 (pdv-1) could be isolated from three of these animals. this indicates that the vaccine aff ... | 1992 | 1609546 |
| anti-canine distemper virus antibodies in common and grey seals. | 1992 | 1621345 | |
| sequence analysis of the genes encoding the nucleocapsid protein and phosphoprotein (p) of phocid distemper virus, and editing of the p gene transcript. | the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of two genes of phocid distemper virus (pdv) were determined by cdna cloning and sequencing. the long open reading frame of the gene encoding the nucleocapsid (n) protein is presented. as with other morbilliviruses, the phosphoprotein (p) gene of pdv was found to be located after the 5' end of the n gene and before the 3' end of the matrix protein gene. the p gene was shown to have the capacity to encode three distinct proteins, p, v and c, in anal ... | 1992 | 1634877 |
| detection of canine distemper virus in bone cells in the metaphyses of distemper-infected dogs. | in the light of recent evidence implicating canine distemper virus (cdv) as a possible etiologic agent in paget's disease of bone, we thought that it would be of interest to examine distemper-infected bone in the natural host. samples from the long bones, spleen, and bladder of four distemper-infected and three uninfected dogs were examined for the presence of cdv nucleocapsid and phosphoprotein genes and the measles virus (mv) nucleocapsid gene using the technique of in situ hybridization with ... | 1992 | 1642150 |
| characteristics of a cetacean morbillivirus isolated from a porpoise (phocoena phocoena). | a virus isolated from a porpoise during the 1988 seal epizootic was shown to be a morbillivirus. in order to determine the relationship of the virus to phocine distemper virus (pdv) a battery of monoclonal antibodies raised against canine distemper virus (cdv), pdv or the porpoise isolate were assessed for their ability to bind to cdv, pdv or porpoise virus epitopes in indirect immunofluorescence assays and elisas. the porpoise isolate contained several unique epitopes and several epitopes prese ... | 1992 | 1642556 |
| nonreplicating viral vectors as potential vaccines: recombinant canarypox virus expressing measles virus fusion (f) and hemagglutinin (ha) glycoproteins. | the development of canarypox virus (cpv) recombinants expressing the hemagglutinin (ha) and fusion (f) glycoproteins of measles virus (mv) is described. inoculation of the cpv-mv recombinants into avian or nonavian tissue culture substrates led to the expression of authentic mvf and mvha as determined by radioimmunoprecipitation and surface immunofluorescence. in contrast to avian-derived tissue culture, no productive replication of the cpv recombinant was evident in tissue culture cells derived ... | 1992 | 1736535 |
| virus-induced obesity in mice: association with a hypothalamic lesion. | in an earlier study we found that a substantial percentage of mice surviving infection with canine distemper virus (cdv) slowly developed a morbid obesity syndrome. in the present study we wished to explore the role of the virus in the development of this syndrome. the distribution of viral antigen(s) in brains of pre-obese animals shortly after intracerebral infection was mapped using immunocytochemical procedures. a distinctive pattern of cell labeling was found, extending from the anterior pe ... | 1992 | 1740670 |
| a sarcocystis sp.-like protozoan and concurrent canine distemper virus infection associated with encephalitis in a raccoon (procyon lotor). | a raccoon (procyon lotor) with signs of weakness was captured in upstate new york (usa). despite attempted care in a rehabilitation facility, the animal died and was examined because of suspected infectious neurologic disease. the cerebrum had a marked, locally extensive, neutrophilic, necrotizing encephalitis with numerous associated intralesional protozoal organisms, and a moderate to marked multifocal perivascular nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. based on morphology and immunohistochemical ... | 1991 | 1758036 |
| attempt to vaccinate orally harbour seals against phocid distemper. | 1991 | 1759340 | |
| correlation between humoral immune responses and presence of virus in the cns in dogs experimentally infected with canine distemper virus. | the role of the humoral immune response in clearance or prevention of canine distemper viral encephalitis of dogs infected with a virulent strain of canine distemper virus has been evaluated. dogs that have demyelinating lesions, cdv proteins and infectious virus in their brains demonstrate an impaired humoral immune response. in dogs that recover from infection and contain no demyelinating lesions, viral proteins or infectious virus in the brain, antibodies to the internal proteins of cdv are o ... | 1991 | 1759903 |
| the nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid composition of the haemagglutinin and fusion proteins of the morbillivirus phocid distemper virus. | the amino acid composition of the two surface proteins of the recently isolated morbillivirus phocid distemper virus (pdv) were deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the fusion (f) protein of pdv exhibited characteristics similar to those of other morbillivirus f proteins. the overall amino acid similarity with its closest homologue, canine distemper virus (cdv), was 72%. from the context of the starting codons and the requirement for a hydrophobic signal peptide, it is likely that translation o ... | 1991 | 1765768 |
| [demonstration of viral proteins and rna in hypothalamus of mice infected by canine distemper virus]. | there are a number of reports suggesting that neurological disorders may be due to infectious agents, such as viruses. in order to study the role of viruses on cellular plasticity in the central nervous system, we established a model of virus infection in the mouse. inoculation of mouse with canine distemper virus (cdv) led to an acute encephalitis, late neurological disorders and an obesity syndrome. to analyse the role of viral replication on the development of this syndrome we studied the cer ... | 1991 | 1773359 |
| the seal death in danish waters 1988. 2. virological studies. | mass abortions and high mortality were observed in harbour seals in danish waters during 1988. severe pneumonia and emphysema were typical clinical and post-mortem findings. virological studies were carried out to identify the cause of the epidemic. although seal herpesvirus (sehv) was isolated in 23 of 114 animals this virus was subsequently found not to be the primary cause of the disease. following the observation of seroconversion against canine distemper virus (cdv) in diseased seals (oster ... | 1991 | 1803934 |
| failure to detect paramyxovirus sequences in paget's disease of bone using the polymerase chain reaction. | it is widely believed that paget's disease of bone is due to a "slow virus" infection of osteoclasts with one of the paramyxovirus group. controversy continues to surround the identity of the virus involved, however, since at different times evidence has been presented implicating measles virus (mv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and canine distemper virus (cdv) as putative infective agents. in this study we used the technique of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to ... | 1991 | 1805546 |
| vaccinia virus recombinants expressing either the measles virus fusion or hemagglutinin glycoprotein protect dogs against canine distemper virus challenge. | cdna clones of the genes encoding either the hemagglutinin (ha) or fusion (f) proteins of the edmonston strain of measles virus (mv) were expressed in vaccinia virus recombinants. immunofluorescence analysis detected both proteins on the plasma membranes of unfixed cells as well as internally in fixed cells. immunoprecipitation of metabolically radiolabeled infected-cell extracts by using specific sera demonstrated a 76-kda ha polypeptide and gene products of 60, 44, and 23 kda which correspond ... | 1991 | 1830113 |
| virulent and attenuated canine distemper virus infects multiple dog brain cell types in vitro. | canine distemper virus (cdv) produces an encephalitis in dogs that varies with viral strain. we have studied the cell tropisms of two virulent strains (cdv-sh and cdv a75-17) and an attenuated strain, rockborn (cdv-ro), in cultured canine brain cells. infected cell types were identified by double immunofluorescent labeling of specific cell markers and viral antigens. all viral strains studied produced infection in astrocytes, fibroblasts, and macrophages. neurons were not infected by cdv a75-17 ... | 1991 | 1834561 |
| canine distemper virus infection and encephalitis in javelinas (collared peccaries). | canine distemper virus has been isolated in dog lymphocyte cultures from the brains of three javelinas that became moribund with signs of encephalitis. canine distemper viral antigen was demonstrated predominantly in neurons and morbillivirus-like structures were seen by electron microscopy in brains of diseased animals. serological studies suggest that cdv infection may be common in javelinas. | 1991 | 1863221 |
| the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of the attachment protein of canine distemper virus. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the attachment protein of the convac strain of the canine distemper virus (cdv), corresponding to the haemagglutinin (h) gene of measles virus was determined using a mrna-derived cdna clone and genomic viral rna. the mrna transcribed from the cdv h gene is 1944 nucleotides long excluding the polyadenylated tail. only one long open reading frame was found comprising nucleotides 21-1841. the predicted protein has a single hydrophobic region which can ... | 1991 | 1891961 |
| comparison of in vitro replication and cytopathology caused by strains of canine distemper virus of vaccine and field origin. | three biological properties of canine distemper virus were examined to determine if any would consistently differentiate field from vaccine strains of the virus. the properties were the ability to (1) infect macrophages and epithelial cells, (2) produce distinct cytopathologic effect in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages and vero cells, and (3) produce pocks on the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated chicken eggs. four vaccine strains and 5 field isolates were used in the study. the 5 field ... | 1991 | 1892930 |
| canine distemper virus localised in bone cells of patients with paget's disease. | the technique of in situ hybridisation was applied using radioactively labelled riboprobes to examine for the presence of canine distemper (cdv) and measles (mv) rna in paget's disease of bone. the results indicate that in 41% of paget's patients, cdv rna could be detected in osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes, but not in controls. in contrast, rna to the measles virus was not detected. we suggest that cdv may in some cases play a role in the aetiology of paget's disease. | 1991 | 1910961 |
| relationship between rheumatological diseases of man, pet dogs and their viruses. | 1991 | 1913019 | |
| where next for canine virus? | 1991 | 1922358 | |
| prevalence of antibodies against canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus in wild coyotes in southeastern colorado. | serum from 72 wild coyotes (canis latrans) in southeastern colorado (usa) was collected and analyzed for prevalence of antibody to canine parvovirus (cpv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) from 1985 to 1988. the prevalence of antibodies to cpv and cdv was 71% and 57%, respectively, for the 4 yr of the study. prevalence of antibody to cpv did not differ among years, between sexes, or with age. prevalence of antibody to cdv did not differ among years or between sexes, but was significantly higher i ... | 1991 | 1648628 |
| vaccination of dogs with multi-component vaccines. | 1991 | 1652929 | |
| detection of phocid distemper virus rna in seal tissues using slot hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction amplification assay: genetic evidence that the virus is distinct from canine distemper virus. | slot hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after reverse transcription (rt) were used to detect rna extracted from tissues of seals after naturally occurring disease and experimental infection with phocid distemper virus (pdv). a phosphoprotein (p) gene-specific cdna served as a probe for both slot hybridization and the identification of pcr-generated fragments by southern blotting. as primers for the pcr assay pdv p gene-derived oligonucleotides were used. hybridization, pcr and ... | 1991 | 1707946 |
| identification of epitope(s) on the internal virion proteins of rinderpest virus which are absent from peste des petits ruminants virus. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) raised against the rbok vaccine strain of rinderpest virus were characterized by radio-immunoprecipitation (ripa) and in the indirect elisa using measles (mv), distemper (cdv), rinderpest (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants viruses (pprv). those found to be specific for the matrix (m) protein and the nucleocapsid (n) protein could be classified into different groups on the basis of the anti-morbillivirus mab classification scheme; a number of these mab showed a selec ... | 1991 | 1709543 |
| antigenic and functional characterization of rinderpest virus envelope proteins using monoclonal antibodies. | a total of 24 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the haemagglutinin (h) and the fusion protein (f) of rinderpest virus (rpv) were used to characterize their antigenic structure and biological properties, and to analyse natural variation in the envelope proteins of morbilliviruses. the anti-h and anti-f mabs defined seven and three distinct antigenic sites, respectively. the mabs to six sites on h were able to neutralize the infectivity of rpv. the addition of guinea-pig complement or anti-mous ... | 1991 | 1714940 |
| [the persistence of the distemper virus in continuous human cells]. | two cultures chronically infected with distemper virus (hep-2 and l-41) were obtained. the cultures produced a small-plaque cell-associated virus and a virus-specific antigen which was demonstrated by the fluorescence antibody technique in 40%-60% of the cells. the chronically infected cells produced interferon as judged by their resistance to superinfections with heterologous viruses. the virus-carrier state was characterized by temperature sensitivity. | 1991 | 1715629 |
| loss of virulence of canine distemper virus is associated with a structural change recognized by a monoclonal antibody. | the monoclonal antibody (mab) l1, which binds to the nucleocapsid protein of canine distemper virus (cdv), was shown to bind to avirulent cdv obtained after serial passages in vero cells, but not to two different virulent demyelinating cdv-strains propagated in dog glial cell cultures. however, when both virulent cdv-strains were passaged through vero cells they expressed, after a number of passages, an epitope recognized by mab l1. the occurrence of the l1 epitope appeared to coincide with loss ... | 1991 | 1717309 |
| protective effects of monoclonal antibodies against lethal canine distemper virus infection in mice. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the haemagglutinin (h), fusion protein (f) and nucleoprotein of canine distemper virus (cdv) were examined for their ability to protect mice against lethal cdv infection. one mab against h and two of six mabs against f protected mice, the protective effect of the anti-h mab being stronger than that of the anti-f mabs. the anti-h mab showed virus neutralizing activity, but the two anti-f mabs, which recognized the same epitope, did not. protection by the anti- ... | 1991 | 1719129 |
| phocine distemper virus is phylogenetically related to canine distemper virus. | 1991 | 1720585 | |
| the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the attachment protein h of canine distemper virus. | the sequence of the h gene and flanking sequences in the f and l genes of canine distemper virus (cdv) have been determined. the h gene of cdv (1946 nucleotides) contains one large open reading frame starting at position 21 and terminating at position 1835, encoding a protein of 604 amino acid residues. this protein contains three potential glycosylation sites in the extracellular domain and, like all other paramyxoviruses, a n-terminal membrane-spanning hydrophobic anchor domain. the deduced h ... | 1991 | 1993883 |
| nucleotide sequence of cdna to the rinderpest virus mrna encoding the nucleocapsid protein. | the full-length cdna corresponding to the mrna encoding the nucleocapsid protein (np) of rinderpest virus (rv) was cloned and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. the gene of rv-np was composed of 1683 nucleotides and contained a single large open reading frame, which is capable of encoding a protein of 525 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58,241 da. the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence were compared with those of measles virus (mv) and canine distemper vir ... | 1991 | 2017875 |
| viral expression in experimental canine distemper demyelinating encephalitis. | we have characterized the relationship between the expression of canine distemper virus (cdv) and demyelinating lesions in the white matter of the cerebellum of experimentally infected dogs. in animals which had demyelinating lesions, cdv proteins (n, p, f and h) were expressed and infectious virus could be recovered from brain tissue. viral proteins (n, p, f and h) were detected by monoclonal antibodies and immunocytochemistry within demyelinating lesions as well as in scattered glial cells in ... | 1991 | 2019678 |
| detection of igm antibodies against canine distemper virus in dog and mink sera employing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of igm antibodies against canine distemper virus (cdv) in canine and mink serum is described. the diagnostic potential of this technique was evaluated by analyzing sera from natural or experimental infections in dog and mink and negative control sera. these results were compared with results obtained in the developed cdv igg elisa and in the virus neutralization test. the igm test, which requires only a single serum specimen, is a us ... | 1991 | 2039785 |