Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
high prevalence of torque teno sus virus in china and genetic diversity of the 5' non-coding region.members of the family anelloviridae are emerging circular dna viruses infecting many species of vertebrates including pigs. to date, members of two distinct genera, iotatorquevirus, including torque teno sus virus 1a and torque teno sus virus 1b (ttsuv1a and ttsuv1b), and kappatorquevirus, including torque teno sus virus k2a and torque teno sus virus k2b (ttsuvk2a and ttsuvk2b), have been identified in domestic pigs and wild boars. the goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and geneti ...201323435953
survey of trichinella infections in domestic pigs from northern and eastern henan, china.the aim of this work was to investigate the current situation of trichinella infections in swine in the cities of anyang and shanqiu in the henan province historically designated as trichinellosis-free. a total of 475 diaphragm muscle samples were collected from 2010 to 2011 and examined by trichinelloscopy and artificial digestion. no trichinella larvae were detected by trichinelloscopy; however, using the digestion method, 3.79% (18/475) of domestic pigs were deemed positive for trichinella. a ...201323422779
domestic pigs as potential reservoirs of human and animal trypanosomiasis in northern tanzania.pig keeping is becoming increasingly common across sub-saharan africa. domestic pigs from the arusha region of northern tanzania were screened for trypanosomes using pcr-based methods to examine the role of pigs as a reservoir of human and animal trypanosomiasis.201324499540
characterization of the envelope glycoprotein of a novel filovirus, lloviu virus.lloviu virus (llov), a novel filovirus detected in bats, is phylogenetically distinct from viruses in the genera ebolavirus and marburgvirus in the family filoviridae. while filoviruses are known to cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and/or nonhuman primates, llov is biologically uncharacterized, since infectious llov has never been isolated. to examine the properties of llov, we characterized its envelope glycoprotein (gp), which likely plays a key role in viral tropism and pathogenicity. ...201324131711
a novel sp1/sp3 dependent intronic enhancer governing transcription of the ucp3 gene in brown adipocytes.uncoupling protein (ucp) 3 is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein implicated in lipid handling and metabolism of reactive oxygen species. its transcription is mainly regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (ppar), a family of nuclear hormone receptors. employing bandshift assays, rna interference and reporter gene assays we examine an intronic region in the ucp3 gene harboring a cis-element essential for expression in brown adipocytes. we demonstrate binding of sp1 and sp3 to ...201324391766
a universal method for species identification of mammals utilizing next generation sequencing for the analysis of dna mixtures.species identification can be interesting in a wide range of areas, for example, in forensic applications, food monitoring and in archeology. the vast majority of existing dna typing methods developed for species determination, mainly focuses on a single species source. there are, however, many instances where all species from mixed sources need to be determined, even when the species in minority constitutes less than 1 % of the sample. the introduction of next generation sequencing opens new po ...201324358309
interdisciplinary collaborative team for blastocyst implantation research: inception and perspectives. 201324286196
filarial infections in semi-wild cattle of northeast india: first record of setaria digitata (von linstow 1906) in bos frontalis (lambert 1804).the occurrence of adult setaria digitata, a filarial nematode of bovine host is reported for the first time from mithun (bos frontalis) of arunachal pradesh, india. during december 2011 to march 2012, a thorough survey was undertaken to evaluate the incidence and intensity of helminth infections among semi-wild cattle in northeast india. during the course of investigation, the relatively uncommon species of setaria was encountered among two out of eleven mithun examined. through light and scanni ...201326688636
transcriptome profiling identifies differentially expressed genes in postnatal developing pituitary gland of miniature pig.in recent years, tibetan pig and bama pig are popularly used as animal models for medical researches. however, little genomic information is available for the two breeds, particularly regarding gene expression pattern at the whole-transcriptome level. in this study, we characterized the pituitary transcriptome profile along their postnatal developmental stages within and between the two breeds in order to illustrate the differential dynamics and functions of differentially expressed genes. we ob ...201324282060
an overview of the host spectrum and distribution of calodium hepaticum (syn. capillaria hepatica): part 2-mammalia (excluding muroidea).calodium hepaticum (syn. capillaria hepatica) is a globally distributed zoonotic nematode with low host specificity and a high affinity to the liver. although murid rodents are the main definite hosts, various other mammals can be affected with hepatic capillariasis: non-murid rodents, insectivora, chiroptera, lagomorpha, artiodactyla, perissodactyla, hyracoidea, marsupialia, carnivora, and primates. overall, more than 180 mammalian species (including humans) are known as suitable hosts of this ...201324257974
an integrated pipeline for next generation sequencing and annotation of the complete mitochondrial genome of the giant intestinal fluke, fasciolopsis buski (lankester, 1857) looss, 1899.helminths include both parasitic nematodes (roundworms) and platyhelminths (trematode and cestode flatworms) that are abundant, and are of clinical importance. the genetic characterization of parasitic flatworms using advanced molecular tools is central to the diagnosis and control of infections. although the nuclear genome houses suitable genetic markers (e.g., in ribosomal (r) dna) for species identification and molecular characterization, the mitochondrial (mt) genome consistently provides a ...201324255820
adhesion patterns of commensal and pathogenic escherichia coli from humans and wild animals on human and porcine epithelial cell lines.different strategies of colonization or infection by e. coli result in formation of certain adhesion patterns which help also in classifying intestinal e. coli into pathotypes. little is known about adhesion patterns and host- and tissue adaption of commensal e. coli and about e. coli originating in clinically healthy hosts carrying pathotype-specific virulence-associated genes.201324188314
ancient dna and population turnover in southern levantine pigs--signature of the sea peoples migration?near eastern wild boars possess a characteristic dna signature. unexpectedly, wild boars from israel have the dna sequences of european wild boars and domestic pigs. to understand how this anomaly evolved, we sequenced dna from ancient and modern pigs from israel. pigs from late bronze age (until ca. 1150 bce) in israel shared haplotypes of modern and ancient near eastern pigs. european haplotypes became dominant only during the iron age (ca. 900 bce). this raises the possibility that european p ...201324186332
splitting of a prevalent mycobacterium bovis spoligotype by variable-number tandem-repeat typing reveals high heterogeneity in an evolving clonal group.mycobacterium bovis populations in countries with persistent bovine tuberculosis usually show a prevalent spoligotype with a wide geographical distribution. this study applied mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (miru-vntr) typing to a random panel of 115 m. bovis isolates that are representative of the most frequent spoligotype in the iberian peninsula, sb0121. vntr typing targeted nine loci: etr-a (alias vntr2165), etr-b (vntr2461), etr-d (miru4, vntr580), ...201323985914
a high throughput genotyping approach reveals distinctive autosomal genetic signatures for european and near eastern wild boar.the lack of a near eastern genetic signature in modern european porcine breeds indicates that, although domestic pigs from the fertile crescent entered europe during the neolithic, they were completely replaced by their european counterparts in a short window of time. whilst the absence of such genetic signature has been convincingly demonstrated at the mitochondrial level, variation at the autosomal genomes of european and near eastern sus scrofa has not been compared yet. herewith, we have exp ...201323460788
species-specific vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (vmat2) expression in mammalian pancreatic beta cells: implications for optimising radioligand-based human beta cell mass (bcm) imaging in animal models.imaging of beta cell mass (bcm) is a major challenge in diabetes research. the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (vmat2) is abundantly expressed in human beta cells. radiolabelled analogues of tetrabenazine (tbz; a low-molecular-weight, cell-permeant vmat2-selective ligand) have been employed for pancreatic islet imaging in humans. since reports on tbz-based vmat2 imaging in rodent pancreas have been fraught with confusion, we compared vmat2 gene expression patterns in the mouse, rat, pig and hu ...201323404442
size-related changes in foot impact mechanics in hoofed mammals.foot-ground impact is mechanically challenging for all animals, but how do large animals mitigate increased mass during foot impact? we hypothesized that impact force amplitude scales according to isometry in animals of increasing size through allometric scaling of related impact parameters. to test this, we measured limb kinetics and kinematics in 11 species of hoofed mammals ranging from 18-3157 kg body mass. we found impact force amplitude to be maintained proportional to size in hoofed mamma ...201323382967
research resource: the endometrium database resource (edr).in order to understand the biology of the endometrium and potentially develop new diagnostic tools and treatments for endometrial diseases, the highly orchestrated gene expression/regulation that occurs within the uterus must first be understood. even though a wealth of information on endometrial gene expression/regulation is available, this information is scattered across several different resources in formats that can be difficult for the average bench scientist to query, integrate, and utiliz ...201323340253
characterization of nuclear localization signal in the n terminus of integrin-linked kinase-associated phosphatase (ilkap) and its essential role in the down-regulation of rsk2 protein signaling.integrin-linked kinase-associated phosphatase (ilkap) is a serine/threonine (s/t) phosphatase that belongs to the protein phosphatase 2c (pp2c) family. many previous studies have demonstrated that ilkap plays key roles in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. researchers have thus far considered ilkap a cytoplasmic protein that negatively regulates integrin signaling by interacting with and phosphorylating integrin-linked kinase 1 (ilk1). in this study, we found that both endogenous and ...201323329845
regions of xy homology in the pig x chromosome and the boundary of the pseudoautosomal region.sex chromosomes are subject to evolutionary pressures distinct from the remainder of the genome, shaping their structure and sequence content. we are interested in the sex chromosomes of domestic pigs (sus scrofa), how their structure and gene content compares and contrasts with other mammalian species, and the role of sex-linked genes in fertility. this requires an understanding of the xy-homologous sequence on these chromosomes.to this end, we performed microarray-based comparative genomic hyb ...201323320497
sperm nuclear architecture is locally modified in presence of a robertsonian translocation t(13;17).in mammals, the non-random organization of the sperm nucleus supports an early function during embryonic development. altering this organization may interfere with the zygote development and reduce fertility or prolificity. thus, rare studies on sperm cells from infertile patients described an altered nuclear organization that may be a cause or a consequence of their respective pathologies. thereby, chromosomal rearrangements and aneuploidy can be studied not only for their adverse effects on pr ...201324205066
conservation genomic analysis of domestic and wild pig populations from the iberian peninsula.inbreeding is among the major concerns in management of local livestock populations. the effective population size of these populations tends to be small, which enhances the risk of fitness reduction and extinction. high-density snp data make it possible to undertake novel approaches in conservation genetics of endangered breeds and wild populations.a total of 97 representative samples of domestic and wild pig populations from the iberian peninsula, subjected to different levels of threat with e ...201324172017
the hippocampus of the eastern rock sengi: cytoarchitecture, markers of neuronal function, principal cell numbers, and adult neurogenesis.the brains of sengis (elephant shrews, order macroscelidae) have long been known to contain a hippocampus that in terms of allometric progression indices is larger than that of most primates and equal in size to that of humans. in this report, we provide descriptions of hippocampal cytoarchitecture in the eastern rock sengi (elephantulus myurus), of the distributions of hippocampal calretinin, calbindin, parvalbumin, and somatostatin, of principal neuron numbers, and of cell numbers related to p ...201324194702
phylogenetic distinction of inos and ido function in mesenchymal stem cell-mediated immunosuppression in mammalian species.mammalian mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) have been shown to be strongly immunosuppressive in both animal disease models and human clinical trials. we have reported that the key molecule mediating immunosuppression by mscs is species dependent: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) in human and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) in mouse. in the present study, we isolated mscs from several mammalian species, each of a different genus, and investigated the involvement of ido and inos during msc-med ...201324162664
comparison of cold crystalloid and colloid infusions for induction of therapeutic hypothermia in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.large-volume cold intravenous infusion of crystalloids has been used for induction of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. however, the effectiveness of cold colloids has not been evaluated. therefore, we performed an experimental study to investigate the cooling effect of cold normal saline compared to colloid solution in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation.201324131867
corrosion casting of the subglottis following endotracheal tube intubation injury: a pilot study in yorkshire piglets.subglottic stenosis can result from endotracheal tube injury. the mechanism by which this occurs, however, is not well understood. the purpose of this study was to examine the role of angiogenesis, hypoxia and ischemia in subglottic mucosal injury following endotracheal intubation.201324401165
adhesion of human and animal escherichia coli strains in association with their virulence-associated genes and phylogenetic origins.intestinal colonization is influenced by the ability of the bacterium to inhabit a niche, which is based on the expression of colonization factors. escherichia coli carries a broad range of virulence-associated genes (vags) which contribute to intestinal (invags) and extraintestinal (exvags) infection. moreover, initial evidence indicates that invags and exvags support intestinal colonization. we developed new screening tools to genotypically and phenotypically characterize e. coli isolates orig ...201323872574
chimeric anti-cd14 igg2/4 hybrid antibodies for therapeutic intervention in pig and human models of inflammation.cd14 is a key recognition molecule of innate immune responses, interacting with several tlrs. tlr signaling cross-talks extensively with the complement system, and combined cd14 and complement inhibition has been proved effective in attenuating inflammatory responses. pig models of human diseases have emerged as valuable tools to study therapeutic intervention, but suitable neutralizing abs are rare. undesired fc-mediated functions, such as platelet activation and il-8 release induced by the por ...201324062486
morphological features of the porcine lacrimal gland and its compatibility for human lacrimal gland xenografting.in this study, we present first data concerning the anatomical structure, blood supply and location of the lacrimal gland of the pig. our data indicate that the porcine lacrimal gland may serve as a potential xenograft candidate in humans or as an animal model for engineering of a bioartificial lacrimal gland tissue construct for clinical application. for this purpose, we used different macroscopic preparation techniques and digital reconstruction of the histological gland morphology to gain new ...201324069265
scaffold-based delivery of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for mandibular distraction osteogenesis: preliminary studies in a porcine model.bone regeneration through distraction osteogenesis (do) is promising but remarkably slow. to accelerate it, autologous mesenchymal stem cells have been directly injected to the distraction site in a few recent studies. compared to direct injection, a scaffold-based method can provide earlier cell delivery with potentially better controlled cell distribution and retention. this pilot project investigated a scaffold-based cell-delivery approach in a porcine mandibular do model.201324040314
systemic cd14 inhibition attenuates organ inflammation in porcine escherichia coli sepsis.sepsis is an infection-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome. upstream recognition molecules, like cd14, play key roles in the pathogenesis. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of systemic cd14 inhibition on local inflammatory responses in organs from septic pigs. pigs (n = 34) receiving escherichia coli-bacteria or e. coli-lipopolysaccharide (lps) were treated with an anti-cd14 monoclonal antibody or an isotype-matched control. lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys ...201323774598
the impact of breed and tissue compartment on the response of pig macrophages to lipopolysaccharide.the draft genome of the domestic pig (sus scrofa) has recently been published permitting refined analysis of the transcriptome. pig breeds have been reported to differ in their resistance to infectious disease. in this study we examine whether there are corresponding differences in gene expression in innate immune cells201323984833
endocrine rhythms in the brown bear (ursus arctos): evidence supporting selection for decreased pineal gland size.many temperate zone animals adapt to seasonal changes by altering their physiology. this is mediated in large part by endocrine signals that encode day length and regulate energy balance and metabolism. the objectives of this study were to determine if the daily patterns of two important hormones, melatonin and cortisol, varied with day length in captive brown bears (ursus arctos) under anesthetized and nonanesthetized conditions during the active (march-october) and hibernation periods. melaton ...201324303132
encoding of situations in the vocal repertoire of piglets (sus scrofa): a comparison of discrete and graded classifications.two important questions in bioacoustics are whether vocal repertoires of animals are graded or discrete and how the vocal expressions are linked to the context of emission. here we address these questions in an ungulate species. the vocal repertoire of young domestic pigs, sus scrofa, was quantitatively described based on 1513 calls recorded in 11 situations. we described the acoustic quality of calls with 8 acoustic parameters. based on these parameters, the k-means clustering method showed a p ...201323967251
sirt1 inhibits akt2-mediated porcine adipogenesis potentially by direct protein-protein interaction.compared with the rodent, the domestic pig is a much better animal model for studying adipogenesis and obesity-related diseases. currently, the role of akt2 and sirt1 in porcine adipogenesis remains elusive. in this study, we defined the effect of akt2 and sirt1 on porcine preadipocyte lipogenesis and the regulatory mechanism. first, we found that akt2 was widely expressed in porcine various tissues and at high level in adipose tissue. further analysis showed that the expression level of akt2 wa ...201323951196
influence of sclerotomy use on vitreous incarceration in an experimental model of vitrectomized eye.to evaluate the influence of sclerotomy use during vitrectomy (vitreous cutter, illumination probe, or infusion-line entrance) on postoperative vitreous incarceration using an experimental model of vitrectomized eye.201323983452
cryptosporidium suis and cryptosporidium scrofarum in eurasian wild boars (sus scrofa) in central europe.from 2011 to 2012, to identify cryptosporidium spp. occurrence in eurasian wild boars (sus scrofa) 29 randomly selected localities (both forest areas and enclosures) across the central european countries of austria, the czech republic, poland, and the slovak republic were investigated. cryptosporidium oocysts were microscopicaly detected in 11 out of 460 faecal samples examined using aniline-carbol-methyl violet staining. sixty-one cryptosporidium infections, including the 11 infections that wer ...201323916060
new hosts of simplicimonas similis and trichomitus batrachorum identified by 18s ribosomal rna gene sequences.trichomonads are obligate anaerobes generally found in the digestive and genitourinary tract of domestic animals. in this study, four trichomonad isolates were obtained from carabao, dog, and pig hosts using rectal swab. genomic dna was extracted using chelex method and the 18s rrna gene was successfully amplified through novel sets of primers and undergone dna sequencing. aligned isolate sequences together with retrieved 18s rrna gene sequences of known trichomonads were utilized to generate ph ...201323936631
evolutionary dynamics of copy number variation in pig genomes in the context of adaptation and domestication.copy number variable regions (cnvrs) can result in drastic phenotypic differences and may therefore be subject to selection during domestication. studying copy number variation in relation to domestication is highly relevant in pigs because of their very rich natural and domestication history that resulted in many different phenotypes. to investigate the evolutionary dynamic of cnvrs, we applied read depth method on next generation sequence data from 16 individuals, comprising wild boars and dom ...201323829399
spargana in a weasel, mustela sibirica manchurica, and a wild boar, sus scrofa, from gangwon-do, korea.to know the status of sparganum (plerocercoid of spirometra erinacei) infection in the korean wild life, several species of wild animals were captured in gangwon-do and examined for their status of infection with spargana. from february to december 2011, a total of 62 wild boars, 5 badgers, 1 weasel, 1 siberian chipmunk, and 53 wild rodents were captured, and their whole muscles were examined with naked eyes for the presence of spargana worms. from the weasel and 1 wild boar, a total of 5 sparga ...201323864753
3d organization of telomeres in porcine neutrophils and analysis of lps-activation effect.while the essential role of 3d nuclear architecture on nuclear functions has been demonstrated for various cell types, information available for neutrophils, essential components of the immune system, remains limited. in this study, we analysed the spatial arrangements of telomeres which play a central role in cell fate. our studies were carried out in swine, which is an excellent model organism for both biomedical research and agronomic applications. we isolated bacterial artificial chromosome ...201323803152
too fresh is unattractive! the attraction of newly emerged nicrophorus vespilloides females to odour bouquets of large cadavers at various stages of decomposition.the necrophagous burying beetle nicrophorus vespilloides reproduces on small carcasses that are buried underground to serve as food for their offspring. cadavers that are too large to bury have previously been postulated to be important food sources for newly emerged beetles; however, the attractiveness of distinct successive stages of decomposition were not further specified. therefore, we investigated the potential preference of newly emerged n. vespilloides females for odour bouquets of pigle ...201323516497
comparison of african swine fever virus prevalence and risk in two contrasting pig-farming systems in south-west and central kenya.we describe a horizontal survey of african swine fever virus (asfv) prevalence and risk factors associated with virus infection in domestic pigs in two contrasting production systems in kenya. a free range/tethering, low input production system in ndhiwa district of south-western kenya is compared with a medium input stall fed production system in kiambu district of central kenya. analysis of variance (anova) of data derived from cluster analysis showed that number of animals, number of breeding ...201323219357
cellular immunity in asfv responses.african swine fever virus (asfv) infection usually results in an acute haemorrhagic disease with a mortality rate approaching 100% in domestic pigs. however, pigs can survive infection with less-virulent isolates of asfv and may become chronically infected. surviving animals are resistant to challenge with homologous or, in some cases, closely related isolates of the virus indicating that pigs can develop protective immunity against asfv. during asymptomatic, non-virulent asfv infections natural ...201323201582
african swine fever virus controls the host transcription and cellular machinery of protein synthesis.throughout a viral infection, the infected cell reprograms the gene expression pattern in order to establish a satisfactory antiviral response. african swine fever virus (asfv), like other complex dna viruses, sets up a number of strategies to evade the host's defense systems, such as apoptosis, inflammation and immune responses. the capability of the virus to persist in its natural hosts and in domestic pigs, which recover from infection with less virulent isolates, suggests that the virus disp ...201323154157
african swine fever virus eradication in africa.african swine fever was reported in domestic pigs in 26 african countries during the period 2009-2011. the virus exists in an ancient sylvatic cycle between warthogs (phacochoerus africanus) and argasid ticks of the ornithodoros moubata complex in many of the countries reporting outbreaks and in two further countries in the region. eradication of the virus from the countries in eastern and southern africa where the classic sylvatic cycle occurs is clearly not an option. however, the virus has be ...201323142552
review of the sylvatic cycle of african swine fever in sub-saharan africa and the indian ocean.african swine fever (asf) is a major limiting factor for pig production in most of the countries in sub-saharan africa and the indian ocean. in the absence of vaccine, a good understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of the disease is fundamental to implement effective control measures. in selected countries of southern and east africa, the association between ornithodoros moubata ticks and warthogs has been described in detail in the literature. however, for many other countries in the regi ...201323142551
african swine fever virus serodiagnosis: a general review with a focus on the analyses of african serum samples.african swine fever (asf) is an infectious disease that causes heavy mortality in domestic pigs. at present there is no vaccine against asf, and eradication in countries where the disease is endemic is based only on competent diagnosis programs and the sacrifice of infected animals. due to the presence of natural attenuated strains, certain infection conditions may result in reduced mortality. in these situations, the disease can be diagnosed by detection of specific antibodies. the use of class ...201323131491
african swine fever virus infection in ornithodoros ticks.african swine fever virus (asfv) is an arbovirus which is vectored by soft ticks of the ornithodoros spp. and in the sylvatic cycle infects wart hogs and bush pigs. asfv infection of domestic swine causes a high mortality disease. on the other hand, asfv infection of the tick can result in a high-titered and persistent infection depending upon the asfv isolate and the tick combination. recently, morphological, classical virology (titration) and recombinant asfv have been used to study the cellul ...201323085123
development of a suspension microarray for the genotyping of african swine fever virus targeting the snps in the c-terminal end of the p72 gene region of the genome.african swine fever virus (asfv) causes one of the most dreaded transboundary animal diseases (tads) in suidae. african swine fever (asf) often causes high rates of morbidity and mortality, which can reach 100% in domestic swine. to date, serological diagnosis has the drawback of not being able to differentiate variants of this virus. previous studies have identified the 22 genotypes based on sequence variation in the c-terminal region of the p72 gene, which has become the standard for categoriz ...201322776009
prevalence of african swine fever virus in apparently healthy domestic pigs in uganda.african swine fever (asf) is a contagious viral disease which can cause up to 100% mortality among domestic pigs leading to serious socio-economic impact on people's livelihoods. asf is endemic in uganda and there is paucity of information on the epidemiology of the disease. the major aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and prevalence of african swine fever virus (asfv) in apparently healthy slaughter pigs at wambizi slaughterhouse in kampala city, uganda. we also estimated the ...201324369729
pathogenesis of highly virulent african swine fever virus in domestic pigs exposed via intraoropharyngeal, intranasopharyngeal, and intramuscular inoculation, and by direct contact with infected pigs.to investigate the pathogenesis of african swine fever virus (asfv), domestic pigs (n=18) were challenged with a range (10(2)-10(6) 50% hemadsorbing doses (had50)) of the highly virulent asfv-malawi strain by inoculation via the intraoropharyngeal (iop), intranasopharyngeal (inp), or intramuscular (im) routes. a subsequent contact challenge experiment was performed in which six iop-inoculated donor pigs were allowed to have direct contact (dc) with six naïve pigs for exposure times that varied f ...201324076499
comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions of african swine fever virus: proposal for a new classification and molecular dating of the virus.african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal disease of domestic pigs caused by the only known dna arbovirus. it was first described in kenya in 1921 and since then many isolates have been collected worldwide. however, although several phylogenetic studies have been carried out to understand the relationships between the isolates, no molecular dating analyses have been achieved so far. in this paper, comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions were made using newly generated, publicly available s ...201323936068
immunogenicity and safety of a natural rough mutant of brucella suis as a vaccine for swine.the objective of the current study was to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and clearance of the natural rough mutant of brucella suis strain 353-1 (353-1) as a vaccine in domestic swine. in three studies encompassing 105 animals, pigs were inoculated with 353-1 by conjunctival (5 × 10(7) cfu) or im (1-2 × 10(10) cfu) routes. clearance, tissue distribution, and pathology of the vaccine strain were determined by periodic blood culture, collection of tissues at periodic necropsy times after vacc ...201323659743
two newly developed e(rns)-based elisas allow the differentiation of classical swine fever virus-infected from marker-vaccinated animals and the discrimination of pestivirus antibodies.new generations of classical swine fever virus (csfv) marker vaccines have recently been developed in order to make emergency vaccination in case of a csf outbreak more feasible. however, the application of a marker vaccine is dependent on the availability of an accompanying discriminatory test allowing differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva). cp7_e2alf, the most promising live marker vaccine candidate currently available, is a genetically modified bovine viral diarrhea virus ...201322902189
molecular tracing of classical swine fever viruses isolated from wild boars and pigs in france from 2002 to 2011.there were three outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf) in north-eastern france between 2002 and 2011. the first two occurred in april 2002 in the moselle department, in a wild boar and pig herd, respectively, while the third occurred in april 2003, in the bas-rhin department, in a wild boar. a survey was subsequently implemented in wild boar and domestic pig populations, during which 43 csf viruses (csfvs) were genetically characterized to provide information on virus sources, trace virus evo ...201323891170
complete genome sequences of classical swine fever virus strains isolated from wild boars in south korea.classical swine fever is a disease that is devastating the pig industry worldwide. here, we report the complete genome sequences of two classical swine virus strains (yc11wb and pc11wb), isolated from korean wild boars in 2011. both strains belong to subgenotype 2.1b. the complete genome sequences of pc11wb and yc11wb are more similar to that of strain zj0801 (isolated in china) than to that of the sw03 strain isolated from domestic pigs in south korea.201323599291
prevalence of classical swine fever virus in domestic pigs in south korea: 1999-2011.the major policy for eradication of classical swine fever (csf) in south korea has focused on the implementation of compulsory vaccination of the susceptible pig population. a vaccine strain of csf virus, the lom strain, is used to maintain high herd seroconversion, a practice complementary to the 'stamping-out policy' and restriction of animal movement during disease outbreaks. to survey for the prevalence of csf in domestic pigs in south korea over the past 13 years (1999-2011), we tested 4 19 ...201322925439
diagnostics and epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis in slaughtered pigs from large-scale husbandries in germany.by means of the official meat inspection of domestic pigs, exceptionally high proportions of livers affected by encapsulated nodules containing whitish to light yellow, viscous to pasty material ("microabscesses") were detected. the swine had been raised on four different farms, being located in distinct regions of germany (brandenburg, thuringia, upper franconia). macroscopical and histological examination of 77 samples of livers revealed granulomatous to necrotizing hepatitis with attendance o ...201323093207
porcine e. coli: virulence-associated genes, resistance genes and adhesion and probiotic activity tested by a new screening method.we established an automated screening method to characterize adhesion of escherichia coli to intestinal porcine epithelial cells (ipec-j2) and their probiotic activity against infection by enteropathogenic e. coli (epec). 104 intestinal e. coli isolates from domestic pigs were tested by pcr for the occurrence of virulence-associated genes, genes coding for resistances to antimicrobial agents and metals, and for phylogenetic origin by pcr. adhesion rates and probiotic activity were examined for c ...201323658605
hepatitis e virus seroprevalence of domestic pigs in germany determined by a novel in-house and two reference elisas.autochthonous hepatitis e virus (hev) infections by zoonotic transmission of genotype 3 (gt3) have been reported increasingly from industrialized countries. in this paper the development and validation of an igg elisa for the detection of hev-specific antibodies in domestic pigs is described. comparison of the diagnostic value of escherichia coli-expressed hev-gt3 capsid protein (cp) derivatives revealed a carboxy-terminal derivative as most suitable. validation of the in-house assay using a com ...201323523888
effect of transgastric peritoneal access on peritoneal innate cellular immunity: experimental study in swine.one of the main concerns of natural orifice surgery is the local and systemic impact on physiology. few studies have compared natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (notes) with other surgical modalities. most studies are based on systemic variables such as postoperative serum cytokines, with conflicting results. surgical trauma induces an early inflammatory response, release of cytokines, and local leukocyte activation and oxidative burst. major surgical trauma is related to impairment ...201323239288
emergence of h3n2pm-like and novel reassortant h3n1 swine viruses possessing segments derived from the a (h1n1)pdm09 influenza virus, korea.human-to-swine transmission of the pandemic h1n1 2009 [a(h1n1)pdm09] virus in pig populations resulted in reassortment events with endemic swine influenza viruses worldwide.201324034626
experimental infection of european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) and house sparrows (passer domesticus) with pandemic 2009 h1n1 and swine h1n1 and h3n2 triple reassortant influenza viruses.european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) and house sparrows (passer domesticus) are common peridomestic passerine birds that are often associated with domestic animal production facilities. this association provides a potential means for pathogen transmission between facilities. we inoculated european starlings and house sparrows with three non-avian influenza virus strains: two swine isolates (h1n1 and h3n2) and one human isolate representing the h1n1 pandemic strain that originated from swine. no ...201323568924
review: influenza virus in pigs.influenza virus disease still remains one of the major threats to human health, involving a wide range of animal species and pigs play an important role in influenza ecology. pigs were labeled as "mixing vessels" since they are susceptible to infection with avian, human and swine influenza viruses and genetic reassortment between these viruses can occur. after the h1n1 influenza pandemic of 2009 with a swine origin virus, the most recent research in "influenzology" is directed at improving knowl ...201323523121
epidemiological survey of swine influenza a virus in the wild boar population of two italian provinces.an epidemiological survey was carried out in order to obtain a better understanding of the role of wild boars in the epidemiology of the influenza virus.201324224815
diversity of picornaviruses in rural bolivia.the family picornaviridae is a large and diverse group of viruses that infect humans and animals. picornaviruses are among the most common infections of humans and cause a wide spectrum of acute human disease. this study began as an investigation of acute flaccid paralysis (afp) in a small area of eastern bolivia, where surveillance had identified a persistently high afp rate in children. stools were collected and diagnostic studies ruled out poliovirus. we tested stool specimens from 51 afp cas ...201323804569
fatal infection due to haemophilus parasuis in a young wild boar (sus scrofa).haemophilus parasuis is a recognized pathogen in domestic pigs; the pathogen has been also isolated from healthy wild boar (sus scrofa). in the current report, a case of fatal h. parasuis infection in a wild boar piglet from central spain is described. the affected animal presented severe pneumonic lesions, inflammation in tarsal joints with presence of fibrinous deposits, and epidural hemorrhage in the atlanto-occipital joint. pure growth of h. parasuis was obtained from lungs and tarsal joints ...201323512924
serological evidence for avian h9n2 influenza virus infections among romanian agriculture workers.in recent years, wild birds have introduced multiple highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n1 virus infections in romanian poultry. in 2005 hpai infections were widespread among domestic poultry and anecdotal reports suggested domestic pigs may also have been exposed. we sought to examine evidence for zoonotic influenza infections among romanian agriculture workers. between 2009 and 2010, 363 adult participants were enrolled in a cross-sectional, seroepidemiological study. confined animal f ...201323999337
flaviviruses in europe: complex circulation patterns and their consequences for the diagnosis and control of west nile disease.in europe, many flaviviruses are endemic (west nile, usutu, tick-borne encephalitis viruses) or occasionally imported (dengue, yellow fever viruses). due to the temporal and geographical co-circulation of flaviviruses in europe, flavivirus differentiation by diagnostic tests is crucial in the adaptation of surveillance and control efforts. serological diagnosis of flavivirus infections is complicated by the antigenic similarities among the flavivirus genus. indeed, most flavivirus antibodies are ...201324225644
molecular characterization of japanese encephalitis virus strains prevalent in chinese swine herds.japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in asia and domestic pigs serve as the amplifying hosts. in the present study, the full genomic sequences of two jev strains (hen0701 and sh0601) isolated from pigs in china were determined and compared with other 12 jev strains deposited in genbank. these two strains had an 88.8% nucleotide sequence similarity and 97.9% deduced amino acid sequence homology. hen0701 had high nucleotide sequence and high amino acid seque ...201323388434
clean technique for prolonged nonsurvival cardiothoracic surgery in swine (sus scrofa).laboratory animal regulations provide little guidance regarding duration of nonsurvival surgery requiring aseptic technique. we hypothesized that swine would experience no sepsis during nonsurvival cardiothoracic surgery accomplished by using clean technique and lasting 8 h or less. incision sites of 5 male farm pigs (sus scrofa) were shaved and then cleaned with alcohol and povidone-iodine. the surgeon wore sterile gloves, clean scrubs, and hair bonnet; assistants wore clean scrubs and nonsteri ...201323562035
molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of african swine fever virus isolates from recent outbreaks in uganda (2010-2013).african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal and economically significant disease of domestic pigs in eastern africa particularly in uganda where outbreaks regularly occur. sequence analysis of variable genome regions have been extensively used for molecular epidemiological studies of african swine fever virus (asfv) isolates. by combining p72, p54 and pb602l (cvr), a high level resolution approach is achieved for viral discrimination. the major aim of this study therefore, was to investigate th ...201323914918
deletion of virulence associated genes from attenuated african swine fever virus isolate our t88/3 decreases its ability to protect against challenge with virulent virus.african swine fever virus (asfv) causes an acute haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs against which there is no effective vaccine. the attenuated asfv strain our t88/3 has been shown previously to protect vaccinated pigs against challenge with some virulent strains including our t88/1. two genes, dp71l and dp96r were deleted from the our t88/3 genome to create recombinant virus our t88/3δdp2. deletion of these genes from virulent viruses has previously been shown to reduce asfv virulence in dom ...201323725691
detection of rickettsia parkeri from within piura, peru, and the first reported presence of candidatus rickettsia andeanae in the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus.domestic farm animals (n=145) were sampled for the presence of ectoparasites in northwestern peru during march, 2008. ninety domestic animals (62%) were positive for the presence of an ectoparasite(s) and produced a total collection of the following: 728 ticks [amblyomma maculatum, anocentor nitens, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, rhipicephalus sanguineus, and otobius megnini], 12 lice (haematopinus suis), and 3 fleas (ctenocephalides felis). a rickettsia genus-specific qpcr assay was perfo ...201323488453
performance characteristics of qpcr assays targeting human- and ruminant-associated bacteroidetes for microbial source tracking across sixteen countries on six continents.numerous quantitative pcr assays for microbial fecal source tracking (mst) have been developed and evaluated in recent years. widespread application has been hindered by a lack of knowledge regarding the geographical stability and hence applicability of such methods beyond the regional level. this study assessed the performance of five previously reported quantitative pcr assays targeting human-, cattle-, or ruminant-associated bacteroidetes populations on 280 human and animal fecal samples from ...201323755882
insulin affects sperm capacity in pig through nitric oxide.insulin (ins) has recently been demonstrated to have the ability to induce the capacitation process in pig spermatozoa. in various mammalian species, capacitation has been linked to the nitric oxide (no) signalling; therefore, this study investigated no production in ins-treated pig spermatozoa by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. for the same samples, sperm capacitation was evaluated by chlortetracycline staining, protein tyrosine phosphorylation pattern and acrosomal status. a significant i ...201323728590
biological significance of urolithins, the gut microbial ellagic acid-derived metabolites: the evidence so far.the health benefits attributed to pomegranate have been associated with its high content in polyphenols, particularly ellagitannins. this is also the case for other ellagitannin-containing fruits and nuts including strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, walnuts, and muscadine grapes. the bioavailability of ellagitannins and ellagic acid is however very low. these molecules suffer extensive metabolism by the gut microbiota to produce urolithins that are much better absorbed. urolithins circulate in p ...201323781257
molecular investigation of torque teno sus virus in geographically distinct porcine breeding herds of sichuan, china.torque teno sus virus (ttsuv), infecting domestic swine and wild boar, is a non-enveloped virus with a circular, single-stranded dna genome. which has been classified into the genera iotatorquevirus (ttsuv1) and kappatorquevirus (ttsuv2) of the family anelloviridae. a molecular study was conducted to detect evidence of a phylogenic relationship between these two porcine ttsuv genogroups from the sera of 244 infected pigs located in 21 subordinate prefectures and/or cities of sichuan.201323705989
mild therapeutic hypothermia is superior to controlled normothermia for the maintenance of blood pressure and cerebral oxygenation, prevention of organ damage and suppression of oxidative stress after cardiac arrest in a porcine model.mild therapeutic hypothermia (ht) has been implemented in the management of post cardiac arrest (ca) syndrome after the publication of clinical trials comparing ht with common practice (ie, usually hyperthermia). current evidence on the comparison between therapeutic ht and controlled normothermia (nt) in ca survivors, however, remains insufficient.201323688243
reintroductions and genetic introgression from domestic pigs have shaped the genetic population structure of northwest european wild boar.population genetic studies focus on natural dispersal and isolation by landscape barriers as the main drivers of genetic population structure. however, anthropogenic factors such as reintroductions, translocations and wild x domestic hybridization may also have strong effects on genetic population structure. in this study we genotyped 351 single nucleotide polymorphism markers evenly spread across the genome in 645 wild boar (sus scrofa) from northwest europe to evaluate determinants of genetic ...201323688182
structural and functional annotation of the porcine immunome.the domestic pig is known as an excellent model for human immunology and the two species share many pathogens. susceptibility to infectious disease is one of the major constraints on swine performance, yet the structure and function of genes comprising the pig immunome are not well-characterized. the completion of the pig genome provides the opportunity to annotate the pig immunome, and compare and contrast pig and human immune systems.201323676093
prevalence and characterization of influenza viruses in diverse species in los llanos, colombia.while much is known about the prevalence of influenza viruses in north america and eurasia, their prevalence in birds and mammals in south america is largely unknown. to fill this knowledge gap and provide a baseline for future ecology and epidemiology studies, we conducted 2 years of influenza surveillance in the eastern plains (los llanos) region of colombia. real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) identified influenza viruses in wild birds, domestic poultry, swine a ...201326038461
phylogenetic analyses of novel squamate adenovirus sequences in wild-caught anolis lizards.adenovirus infection has emerged as a serious threat to the health of captive snakes and lizards (i.e., squamates), but we know relatively little about this virus' range of possible hosts, pathogenicity, modes of transmission, and sources from nature. we report the first case of adenovirus infection in the iguanidae, a diverse family of lizards that is widely-studied and popular in captivity. we report adenovirus infections from two closely-related species of anolis lizards (anoles) that were re ...201323593364
multi frequency phase fluorimetry (mfpf) for oxygen partial pressure measurement: ex vivo validation by polarographic clark-type electrode.measurement of partial pressure of oxygen (po2) at high temporal resolution remains a technological challenge. this study introduces a novel po2 sensing technology based on multi-frequency phase fluorimetry (mfpf). the aim was to validate mfpf against polarographic clark-type electrode (cte) po2 measurements.201323565259
pandemic influenza a viruses escape from restriction by human mxa through adaptive mutations in the nucleoprotein.the interferon-induced dynamin-like mxa gtpase restricts the replication of influenza a viruses. we identified adaptive mutations in the nucleoprotein (np) of pandemic strains a/brevig mission/1/1918 (1918) and a/hamburg/4/2009 (ph1n1) that confer mxa resistance. these resistance-associated amino acids in np differ between the two strains but form a similar discrete surface-exposed cluster in the body domain of np, indicating that mxa resistance evolved independently. the 1918 cluster was conser ...201323555271
novel insights into the genetic diversity of balantidium and balantidium-like cyst-forming ciliates.balantidiasis is considered a neglected zoonotic disease with pigs serving as reservoir hosts. however, balantidium coli has been recorded in many other mammalian species, including primates. here, we evaluated the genetic diversity of b. coli in non-human primates using two gene markers (ssrdna and its1-5.8sdna-its2). we analyzed 49 isolates of ciliates from fecal samples originating from 11 species of captive and wild primates, domestic pigs and wild boar. the phylogenetic trees were computed ...201323556024
phasic contractions in urinary bladder from juvenile versus adult pigs.alterations in properties of the bladder with maturation are relevant physiologically and pathophysiologically. the aim of this study was to investigate alterations in bladder properties with maturation in juvenile vs. adult pig, focussing on differences between layers of the bladder wall (mucosa vs. detrusor) and the presence and functional contribution of interstitial cells (ics).201323516515
the phylogenetic status of typical chinese native pigs: analyzed by asian and european pig mitochondrial genome sequences.china is one of the most diverse countries, which have developed 88 indigenous pig breeds. several studies showed that pigs were independently domesticated in multiple regions of the world. the purpose of this study was to investigate the origin and evolution of chinese pigs using complete mitochondrial genomic sequences (mtdna) from asian and european domestic pigs and wild boars. thirty primer pairs were designed to determine the mtdna sequences of xiang pig, large white, lantang, jinhua and p ...201323497624
the spatial ecology of free-ranging domestic pigs (sus scrofa) in western kenya.in many parts of the developing world, pigs are kept under low-input systems where they roam freely to scavenge food. these systems allow poor farmers the opportunity to enter into livestock keeping without large capital investments. this, combined with a growing demand for pork, especially in urban areas, has led to an increase in the number of small-holder farmers keeping free range pigs as a commercial enterprise. despite the benefits which pig production can bring to a household, keeping pig ...201323497587
make the most of your samples: bayes factor estimators for high-dimensional models of sequence evolution.accurate model comparison requires extensive computation times, especially for parameter-rich models of sequence evolution. in the bayesian framework, model selection is typically performed through the evaluation of a bayes factor, the ratio of two marginal likelihoods (one for each model). recently introduced techniques to estimate (log) marginal likelihoods, such as path sampling and stepping-stone sampling, offer increased accuracy over the traditional harmonic mean estimator at an increased ...201323497171
high frequency of human blood in triatoma dimidiata captured inside dwellings in a rural community in the yucatan peninsula, mexico, but low antibody seroprevalence and electrocardiographic findings compatible with chagas disease in humans.we studied a small rural community of 411 inhabitants localized in the state of campeche in the yucatan peninsula, mexico. in 44 collected triatomines captured inside the houses, human feeding source was revealed in 23 of 44 (52%) samples, and chicken feeding source was revealed in 16 of 44 (36%) samples. in a set of 29 triatomines, mouse was the feeding source in 13 (44%) samples, and dog was the feeding source in 7 (24%) samples. infection index with trypanosoma cruzi in collected triatomines ...201323296447
honey-based mixtures used in home medicine by nonindigenous population of misiones, argentina.honey-based mixtures used in home medicine by nonindigenous population of misiones, argentina. medicinal mixtures are an underinvestigated issue in ethnomedical literature concerning misiones, one of the most bioculturally diverse province of argentina. the new culturally sensitive politics of the provincial health system is a response to cultural practices based on the medicinal use of plant and animal products in the home medicine of the local population. honey-based medicinal formulas were in ...201222315632
wild boar: an increasing concern for aujeszky's disease control in pigs?the goal of this study was describing the temporal evolution of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) contact prevalence among eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) populations under different management regimes and contact likelihoods with domestic pigs. given the recent increase in wild boar abundance throughout europe, we hypothesized that wild boar contact with adv would remain stable in time even after significant reduction of adv prevalence in domestic pigs.201222251441
the validation of a functional, isolated pig bladder model for physiological experimentation.characterizing the integrative physiology of the bladder requires whole organ preparations. the purpose of this study was to validate an isolated large animal (pig) bladder preparation, through arterial and intravesical drug administration, intravesical pressure recording, and filming of surface micromotions. female pig bladders were obtained from the local abattoir and arterially perfused in vitro. arterial and intravesical pressures were recorded at varying volumes. bladder viability was asses ...201222479248
coronary versus carotid blood flow and coronary perfusion pressure in a pig model of prolonged cardiac arrest treated by different modes of venoarterial ecmo and intraaortic balloon counterpulsation.extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) is increasingly used in cardiac arrest (ca). adequacy of carotid and coronary blood flows (cabf, cobf) and coronary perfusion pressure (copp) in ecmo treated ca is not well established. this study compares femoro-femoral (ff) to femoro-subclavian (fs) ecmo and intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (iabp) contribution based on cabf, cobf, copp, myocardial and brain oxygenation in experimental ca managed by ecmo.201222424292
involvement of complexin 2 in docking, locking and unlocking of different snare complexes during sperm capacitation and induced acrosomal exocytosis.acrosomal exocytosis (ae) is an intracellular multipoint fusion reaction of the sperm plasma membrane (pm) with the outer acrosomal membrane (oam). this unique exocytotic event enables the penetration of the sperm through the zona pellucida of the oocyte. we previously observed a stable docking of oam to the pm brought about by the formation of the trans-snare complex (syntaxin 1b, snap 23 and vamp 3). by using electron microscopy, immunochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques in combination ...201222412896
interaction of the conceptus and endometrium to establish pregnancy in mammals: role of interleukin 1β.implantation and the establishment of pregnancy in mammals involves an intricate interplay of hormones, cytokines, growth factors, proteins, lipids, ions and the extracellular matrix between the uterine epithelium, stroma, immune cells and the conceptus trophectoderm. the divergent nature of implantation in the mouse, human and pig provides not only an interesting contrast in the establishment of pregnancy and early embryonic development but also intriguing similarities with regard to early endo ...201222382391
preparative isolation and purification of three glycine-conjugated cholic acids from pulvis fellis suis by high-speed countercurrent chromatography coupled with elsd detection.coupled with evaporative light scattering detection, a high-speed counter-current chromatography (hsccc) method was developed for preparative isolation and purification of three glycine-conjugated cholic acids, glycochenodeoxycholic acid (gcdca), glycohyodeoxycholic acid (ghdca) and glycohyocholic acid (ghca) from pulvis fellis suis (pig gallbladder bile) for the first time. the separation was performed with a two-phase solvent system consisted of chloroform-methanol-water-acetic acid (65:30:10: ...201223008527
characterization of a novel porcine enterovirus in wild boars in hungary.porcine enteroviruses (pevs) are members of the family picornaviridae, genus enterovirus. until now, only three different pev genotypes (pev-9 and -10, and pev-3h/pev-14) have been detected in domestic pigs, and there is no information about the presence of pevs in wild animals. here, we identify and characterize the complete genomes of pev originated from 5 of 10 (50%) of wild boar (sus scrofa) piglets by rt-pcr and pyrosequencing. wild boar/wbd/2011/hun (jn807387) pev showed only 67% amino aci ...201222350652
Refresh
firstprev
...11121314151617181920...
nextlast
Displaying items 1201 - 1300 of 4678