Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| hydroxyl radical production and oxidative damage induced by cadmium and naphthalene in liver of carassius auratus. | freshwater goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to cadmium (cd) from 0 to 5 mg/l, and naphthalene (nap) from 0 to 50 mg/l. twenty-four hours after the exposure, reactive oxygen species (ros) was trapped by phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone and detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr). protein carbonyl (pco) and lipid peroxidation (lpo) content were determined. the activities of superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase (cat) were also measured. the epr spectra signals were characterized by p ... | 2005 | 15792630 |
| [effects of long-term exposure of low level zinc and zn-edta complex on zinc accumulation and antioxidant defense system in liver of carassius auratus]. | the effects of low level zinc(zn2+)and its edta complex on zinc accumulation and antioxidant enzymes,such as catalase (cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione s-transferase (gst), glutathione peroxidase (gpx) in the liver of carassius auratus are studied after 40 day exposure. the results show that zinc accumulation is significantly increased with higher zinc concentration. when fish are exposed to zn-edta, the zinc accumulation in the liver of fish increased slightly according to the cont ... | 2005 | 15859432 |
| differential expression of vasa rna and protein during spermatogenesis and oogenesis in the gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio), a bisexually and gynogenetically reproducing vertebrate. | the rna helicase vasa is a germ cell marker in animals, and its homolog in vertebrates to date has been limited to bisexual reproduction. we cloned and characterized cagvasa, a vasa homolog from the gibel carp, a fish that reproduces bisexually or gynogenetically. cagvasa possesses 14 rgg repeats and eight conserved motifs of vasa proteins. in bisexually reproducing gibel carp, vasa is maternally supplied and its zygotic expression is restricted to gonads. by in situ hybridization on testicular ... | 2005 | 15880437 |
| organ distribution and bioaccumulation of microcystins in freshwater fish at different trophic levels from the eutrophic lake chaohu, china. | this article reports the organ distribution and bioaccumulation of hepatotoxic microcystins (mcs) in freshwater fishes at different trophic levels from the large, shallow, eutrophic lake chaohu in september 2003, when there were heavy surface blooms of toxic cyanobacteria. among all fish, intestines and blood had the highest average content of mc-rr + mc-lr (22.0 and 14.5 microg g(-1) dw, respectively), followed by liver, bile, and kidney (7.77, 6.32, and 5.81 microg g(-1) dw, respectively), whe ... | 2005 | 15892067 |
| the human lipid regulator, gemfibrozil bioconcentrates and reduces testosterone in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | human and veterinarian pharmaceuticals have been detected in the aquatic environment for a number of years, but the potential for biological effects in exposed aquatic organism is only now being reported. the lipid regulator, gemfibrozil (gem) is detected at microg/l concentrations in domestic wastewater and ng/l concentrations in surface waters. we investigated the uptake of gem in goldfish (carassius auratus) over a 96 h time period by measuring gem in blood plasma using lc-ms/ms. results indi ... | 2005 | 15892991 |
| the residual dynamic of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in fishponds of the pearl river delta, south china. | hong kong and south china are the most developed regions within china. the industrialization in these areas has resulted in severe environmental problems. sediment and biotic samples including tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus), bighead carp (aristichthys nobilis), grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idellus), crucian carp (carassius auratus) and mandarin fish/fresh water grouper (siniperca chuatsi) were collected from different fishponds in the pearl river delta (tanzhou, sanjiao, guangzhou, shipai, ch ... | 2005 | 15899281 |
| detection of mycobacteria in aquarium fish in slovenia by culture and molecular methods. | thirty-five aquarium fish were investigated for the presence of mycobacteria by culture and molecular methods. the following species were examined: goldfish carassius auratus auratus, guppy poecilia reticulata, 4 three-spot gourami trichogaster trichopterus, dwarf gourami colisa lalia, siamese fighting fish betta splendens, freshwater angelfish pterophyllum scalare, african cichlid fish cichlidae spp., cichlid fish microgeophagus altispinosus, cichlid fish pseudotropheus lombardoi, blue streak h ... | 2005 | 15900685 |
| identification of a spindlin homolog in gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio). | spindlin has been suggested to play an important role during the transition from oocyte maturation to embryo development in mouse, but its homolog similar to the mouse spindlin in molecular and expression characterization has not been identified up to now in other vertebrates. in this study, a full length of cdna sequence is cloned and sequenced from the gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio). it contains 1240 nucleotides with an open reading frame of 771 nt encoding 257 amino acids. based on it ... | 2005 | 15939319 |
| partial cloning and expression of mrna coding choline acetyltransferase in the spinal cord of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | choline acetyltransferase (chat, ec 2.3.1.6) synthesizes a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine in cholinergic neurons. chat is considered to be the most specific marker for cholinergic neurons. to obtain a better marker of the neurons, as the first step, we isolated a partial chat cdna from the goldfish (carassius auratus) brain by rt-pcr methods. the partial cdna of the goldfish chat was composed of 718 nucleotides. the amino acid sequence of the goldfish chat is approximately 70% identical to thos ... | 2005 | 15951213 |
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and organohalogen pollutants in liver of three freshwater fish species in flanders (belgium): relationships with biochemical and organismal effects. | a perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (pfos) assessment was conducted on gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio), carp (cyprinus carpio), and eel (anguilla anguilla) in flanders (belgium). the liver pfos concentrations in fish from the ieperlee canal (boezinge, 250-9031 ng/g wet weight, respectively) and the blokkersdijk pond (antwerp, 633-1822 ng/g wet weight) were higher than at the zuun basin (sint-pieters-leeuw, 11.2-162 ng/g wet weight) and among the highest in feral fish worldwide. eel from the o ... | 2005 | 15963371 |
| inhibitory effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) on food intake in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) has a similar structure to that of vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) and both the polypeptides belong to the same molecular group, the secretin-glucagon superfamily. pacap and vip have possible potency as hypothalamic factors mediating the release of pituitary hormones in the fish pituitary. however, the roles of pacap and vip in the central nervous systems of fish have not yet been made clear. recently, it was reported that pacap and/ ... | 2005 | 16112400 |
| non-invasive detection and quantification of the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis by real-time pcr. | the main parasitic threat to freshwater fish is the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis. we developed a real-time pcr assay using sybr green intercalating fluorescent dye for rapid detection and quantification of i. multifiliis. this non-invasive assay was based on the quantification of i. multifiliis free-swimming stages from filtered water samples, and thus made it possible to preserve host individuals. an alignment of 18s rdna sequences of i. multifiliis and related species of the ciliate or ... | 2005 | 16119894 |
| a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system for the quantitative analysis of carassius auratus vitellogenin. | a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to quantitatively detect carassius auratus vitellogenin (vtg) levels. the protein levels in fish plasma are useful aquatic biomarkers of estrogenic compounds. this procedure involved an elisa using monoclonal antibodies of cvma2 and cvma7 against carassius auratus vtg, and cvma7 conjugated to horseradish peroxidase as the detection antibody. the assay range was between 1 and 401.5 ng/ml and the recovery of the vtg added to carass ... | 2005 | 15823333 |
| a separation-free amperometric immunosensor for vitellogenin based on screen-printed carbon arrays modified with a conductive polymer. | a disposable amperometric immunosensor was studied for the rapid detection of carp (carassius auratus) vitellogenin (vtg). the sensor was fabricated based on screen-printed carbon arrays (spcas) containing eight carbon working and an integrated carbon counter electrodes. to construct the sensor, a conducting polymer (poly-terthiophene carboxylic acid) was electropolymerized on the surface of working electrodes and the polymer-coated spcas was characterized by sem. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) an ... | 2005 | 15681194 |
| evaluation of pesticides and metals in fish of the dniester river, moldova. | the dniester river is one of the largest rivers in eastern europe and receives input from numerous anthropogenic activities. in october 2001, fish samples (abramis brama, rutilus rutilus heckeli, perca fluviatilis, chondrostoma nasus, carassius auratus gibelio, and cyprinus carpio) were collected and analyzed for metals and various pesticides. maximum total ddt pesticide concentrations were between 27.7 and 34.2 ng/g wet weight in muscles and gonads, respectively. dde isomers comprised up to 70% ... | 2005 | 15914239 |
| responses of the antioxidant defenses of the goldfish carassius auratus, exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenol. | goldfish carassius auratus were exposed to 0.1mg/l of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp), widely used as transportation power in china, for 2, 5, 10, 20 and 40 days, while one control group was designated for each exposure group. antioxidant defenses consisting of contents of reduced glutathione (gsh) and glutathione disulfide (gssg) and activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione reductase (gr), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (se-gpx) and glutathione s-transferase ... | 2005 | 21783475 |
| heavy metal accumulation and tissue damage in goldfish carassius auratus. | 2005 | 16402311 | |
| electron paramagnetic resonance investigation of in vivo free radical formation and oxidative stress induced by 2,4-dichlorophenol in the freshwater fish carassius auratus. | in the present study, electron paramagnetic resonance coupled with spin-trapping technique was used, with alpha-phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone (pbn) as a spin-trapping agent, to investigate free radical generation in freshwater fish with acute 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp) poisoning. the pbn-radical adducts were detected in fish liver samples following treatments of 2,4-dcp (0.025, 0.05, 0.5, 5, or 25 mg/kg) 24 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and 2,4-dcp (0.5 mg/kg) at 2, 4, 8, 24, or 72 h a ... | 2005 | 16193740 |
| the formation of primordial germ cells from germline cells in spherical embryos derived from the blastodisc of 2-cell embryos in goldfish, carassius auratus. | the property of primordial germ cells (pgcs) in fragmented goldfish embryos was investigated. when 1- and 2- cell embryos were cut at several perpendicular levels at the animal-vegetal axis, cells expressing vas mrna were observed in the resultant embryos derived from all kinds of animal fragments. blastodisc fragments from the 1- to 2-cell stage developed to spherical embryos containing yolk body with a yolk syncytial layer (ysl). germ ring and no tail expression were not observed in the spheri ... | 2005 | 16172980 |
| impact of copper and its edta complex on the glutathione-dependent antioxidant system in freshwater fish (carassius auratus). | 2005 | 16158849 | |
| direction selectivity in the goldfish tectum revisited. | responses of direction-selective (ds) ganglion cells (gcs) were recorded extracellularly from their axon terminals in the superficial layer of the tectum opticum (to) of immobilized goldfish, carassius auratus gibelio (bloch). directional tuning curves were measured with contrast edges moving in 12 or more different directions across the receptive field (rf). all directional tuning curves had cardioid-like appearance, their acceptance angles amounted to somewhat more than 180 degrees . according ... | 2005 | 16154933 |
| mechanoreceptive and nociceptive responses in the central nervous system of goldfish (carassius auratus) and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | nociceptive responses to a repetitive pin-prod stimulus in goldfish and trout were assessed. single unit recordings were taken from the spinal cord, cerebellum, tectum, and telencephalon. neuronal responses were elicited in all these regions of the central nervous system in both species of fish during brush (mechanoceptive) and pin-prod (nociceptive) stimuli. in addition, in trout, a heated prod stimulus was used. mechanoreceptive and nociceptive neuronal responses to various stimuli were elicit ... | 2005 | 16139775 |
| the endocannabinoid system in the brain of carassius auratus and its possible role in the control of food intake. | cannabinoid receptors and the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol have been suggested to regulate food intake in several animal phyla. orthologs of the mammalian cannabinoid cb(1) and cb(2) receptors have been identified in fish. we investigated the presence of this endocannabinoid system in the brain of the goldfish carassius auratus and its role in food consumption. cb(1)-like immunoreactivity was distributed throughout the goldfish brain. the prosencephalon showed strong cb ... | 2005 | 16135090 |
| [free radical generation and lipid peroxidation induced by 2,4-dichlorophenol in liver of carassius auratus]. | free radical generation in liver of larval fish (carassius auratus) after 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp) injected intraperitoneally 24 h was studied with electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spin trapping technique and alpha-phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone (pbn) as spin trap reagent. the results show that there is a significant increase of free radical generation in the liver of the fish treated with 2,4-dcp (0.025, 0.05, 0.5, 5, 25 mg/kg) compared with that of the control (p<0.05). the free radical g ... | 2005 | 16124465 |
| [mitochondrial dna variation in diploid and triploid forms of silver crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio]. | variation of two mtdna fragments amplified in polymerase chain reaction was compared by the rflp method in a population of the sympatric bisexual (diploid) and gynogenetic (triploid) forms of silver crucian carp. the mtdna haplotypes of all individuals differed in at least 2.5% of nucleotide substitutions and fall into two phylogroups. all gynogenetic individuals have haplotypes of a single phylogroup, whereas haplotypes of diploid fish belonged to both mtdna phylogroups. this testifies to a pos ... | 2005 | 16080606 |
| electron paramagnetic resonance evidence of hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative damage induced by tetrabromobisphenol a in carassius auratus. | tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) is one of the most widely used brominated flame retardants (bfrs). to confirm its putative oxidative stress-inducing activity, freshwater fish carassius auratus were injected intraperitoneally with tbbpa. one experiment lasted 3h to 28 days after a single injection of 100mg/kg tbbpa, and the other lasted 24h after a single injection of 0-300 mg/kg tbbpa. reactive oxygen species (ros) were trapped by phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (pbn) and detected by electron paramagnet ... | 2005 | 16054708 |
| catalase inhibition by amino triazole induces oxidative stress in goldfish brain. | the effects of in vivo inhibition of catalase by 3-amino 1,2,4-triazole (amt) on the levels of damage products resulting from reactive oxygen species attack on proteins and lipids as well as on the activities of five antioxidant and associated enzymes were studied in the brain of goldfish, carassius auratus. intraperitoneal injection of amt at a concentration of 0.1 mg/g wet weight caused a gradual decrease in brain catalase activity over 72 h, whereas higher amt concentrations (0.5 or 1.0 mg/g) ... | 2005 | 16023088 |
| expression pattern and developmental behaviour of cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (cnbp) during folliculogenesis and oogenesis in fish. | in vertebrates, folliculogeneis establishes an intricate system for somatic cell-oocyte interaction, and ultimately leads to the acquisition of their respective competences. although the formation process and corresponding interactions are strikingly similar in diverse organisms, knowledge of genes and signaling pathways involved in follicle formation is very incomplete and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain enigmatic. cnbp has been identified for more than ten years, and the highest lev ... | 2005 | 16002243 |
| cardioprotective effects of k atp channel activation during hypoxia in goldfish carassius auratus. | the activation of atp-sensitive potassium (k atp) ion channels in the heart is thought to exert a cardioprotective effect under low oxygen conditions, possibly enhancing tolerance of environmental hypoxia in aquatic vertebrates. the purpose of this study was to examine the possibility that hypoxia-induced activation of cardiac k atp channels, whether in the sarcolemma (sarck atp) or mitochondria (mitok atp), enhances viability in cardiac muscle cells from a species highly tolerant of low oxygen ... | 2005 | 16000545 |
| using the nucleolar biomarker and the micronucleus test on in vivo fish fin cells. | this study was aimed at developing the nucleolar biomarker and the micronucleus test on in vivo fish fin cells for assessing water cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. both biomarkers can be used either jointly or separately on fins of the same fish during the experiment. for studying the nucleolar characteristics, small pieces of the fin edge were cut several times during 30-180 min of fish exposure. for micronucleus testing, the fin tissue regenerating after its cutting was investigated after 2-5 da ... | 2005 | 15978290 |
| a novel soluble form of the csf-1 receptor inhibits proliferation of self-renewing macrophages of goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | macrophage colony-stimulating factor (csf-1) is the principal regulator of the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of macrophages and their precursors. csf-1 activity is tightly controlled through mechanisms regulating gene expression of csf-1 and its membrane-bound receptor (csf-1r), as well as by receptor-mediated endocytosis, metabolic processing, and inhibition of downstream signaling. herein we describe a novel mechanism for control of csf-1 activity. spontaneously growing goldfish ... | 2005 | 15978283 |
| differential distribution of hypocretin (orexin) and melanin-concentrating hormone in the goldfish brain. | the orexigenic peptides hypocretin (orexin) and melanin-concentrating hormone (mch) are involved in the control of food intake and in other homeostatic functions including sleep and arousal. in this article we study the distribution of these peptides in the brain of the goldfish (carassius auratus), focusing on those regions particularly related to feeding, sleep, and arousal. although the general distribution of these peptides in goldfish shows many similarities to those described previously in ... | 2005 | 15973685 |
| [screen of differentially expressed genes between gastrula embryos and tail bud embryos in gynogenetic gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio)]. | suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) cdna plasmid libraries were constructed between gastrula embryos and tail bud embryos in gynogenetic gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio). 739 and 816 pcr positive clones were respectively selected to perform dot blot, and 72 dot blot positive clones and 98 dot blot positive clones were obtained from the ssh plasmid libraries specific for gastrula embryos and tail bud embryos. sequencing analysis and database searches indicated that there were 19 kno ... | 2005 | 15931786 |
| modulation of vitellogenin synthesis through estrogen receptor beta-1 in goldfish (carassius auratus) juveniles exposed to 17-beta estradiol and nonylphenol. | many synthetic chemicals, termed xenoestrogens, have been shown to interact as agonists with the estrogen receptor (er) to elicit biological responses similar to those of natural hormones. to date, the regulation of vitellogenesis in oviparous vertebrates has been widely used for evaluation of estrogenic effects. therefore, carassius auratus juveniles were chosen as a fish model for studying the effects of estradiol-17beta and different concentrations (10(-6) and 10(-7) m) of 4-nonylphenol (4-np ... | 2005 | 15921715 |
| the effects of spatial food distribution and group size on foraging behaviour in a benthic fish. | animals foraging in heterogeneous environments benefit from information on local resource density because it allows allocation of foraging effort to rich patches. in foraging groups, this information may be obtained by individuals through sampling or by observing the foraging behaviour of group members. we studied the foraging behaviour of goldfish (carassius auratus) groups feeding in pools on resources distributed in patches. first, we determined if goldfish use sampling information to disting ... | 2005 | 15908140 |
| hyperoxia results in transient oxidative stress and an adaptive response by antioxidant enzymes in goldfish tissues. | the effects of hyperoxia on the status of antioxidant defenses and markers of oxidative damage were evaluated in goldfish tissues. the levels of lipid peroxides, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, carbonyl proteins and the activities of some antioxidant enzymes were measured in brain, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle of goldfish, carassius auratus l., over a time course of 3-12 h of hyperoxia exposure followed by 12 or 36 h of normoxic recovery. exposure to high oxygen resulted in an accu ... | 2005 | 15896673 |
| are the cannabinoids involved in bony fish reproduction? | following the discovery of two cb1 genes in the fish fugu rubripes, investigations on the phylogeny of endocannabinoids have indicated that this system is highly conserved. our study demonstrated that cb1 receptors are expressed in the cns and gonads of two teleosts, carassius auratus and pelvicachromis pulcher, and they show a high percentage of sequence identity with fugu rubripes cb(1a) and danio rerio cb1. by means of immunohistochemistry for cb1, sgnrh, and th, we found a codistribution of ... | 2005 | 15891041 |
| gabaergic modulation of the expression of genes involved in gaba synaptic transmission and stress in the hypothalamus and telencephalon of the female goldfish (carassius auratus). | gaba is one of the most abundant neurotransmitters in the vertebrate central nervous system and is involved in neuroendocrine processes such as development, reproduction, feeding and stress. to examine the effect of gaba on gene expression in the brain, we used a cdna macroarray containing 26 genes involved in gaba synaptic transmission (gaba receptor subunits, gaba transporters), reproduction (gonadotrophin-releasing hormone isoforms and oestrogen receptor alpha), feeding (neuropeptide y and ch ... | 2005 | 15869561 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of two types of cd8alpha from ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | we cloned and sequenced full-length cdnas for two types of cd8alpha from the s3n strain of ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) and quantified the expression of cd8alpha genes after sensitization by scale grafting, employing a model system of clonal triploid ginbuna and tetraploid ginbuna-goldfish hybrids. rt-pcr yielded four different fragments of cd8alpha homologue from the s3n strain of ginbuna and these sequences were classified into two groups. the two types of ginbuna cd8al ... | 2005 | 15854681 |
| isolation, cloning, sequencing of brain type aromatase and its expression in male and female wrasse, pseudolabrus sieboldi. | pseudolabrus sieboldi, wrasse being a diurnal spawner provides a good opportunity to study the endocrine mechanism of estrogen formation in brain and gonads. moreover, an extremely large amount of e2 was produced in serum and testis of wrasse. it is assumed that the presence of e2 may play a major role in diurnal gametogenesis in male fish. in this study brain type aromatase have been isolated, cloned and sequenced from the brain of wrasse. further, the expression pattern of brain type aromatase ... | 2005 | 20035447 |
| temperature alters the respiratory surface area of crucian carp carassius carassius and goldfish carassius auratus. | we have previously found that the gills of crucian carp carassius carassius living in normoxic (aerated) water lack protruding lamellae, the primary site of o(2) uptake in fish, and that exposing them to hypoxia increases the respiratory surface area of the gills approximately 7.5-fold. we here examine whether this morphological change is triggered by temperature. we acclimated crucian carp to 10, 15, 20 and 25 degrees c for 1 month, and investigated gill morphology, oxygen consumption and the c ... | 2005 | 15767311 |
| hearing in fishes under noise conditions. | our current knowledge on sound detection in fishes is mainly based on data acquired under quiet laboratory conditions. however, it is important to relate auditory thresholds to background noise in order to determine the signal-detecting abilities of animals in the natural environment. we investigated the influence of two noise levels within the naturally occurring range on the auditory sensitivity of two hearing specialists (otophysines) and a hearing generalist. audiograms of the goldfish caras ... | 2005 | 15735936 |
| a multiwall carbon nanotubes film-modified carbon fiber ultramicroelectrode for the determination of nitric oxide radical in liver mitochondria. | a novel chemically modified electrode based on the multiwall carbon nanotubes (mwnts) film-coated carbon fiber ultramicroelectrode (cfue) has been described for the determination of nitric oxide radical (.no). the electrochemical behaviors of mwnts-modified cfue have been characterized in 0.2 mmol l(-1) k(4)fe(cn)(6) and 0.1 mol l(-1) kcl solution. the nafion film was used to avoid some electroactive interferences. the amount of nafion was optimized, and some possible interferents [such as nitri ... | 2005 | 15713564 |
| different ways of encoding geometric information by goldfish (carassius auratus). | on the basis of results of a probe trial in 2 different experiments, k. cheng (2005) has proposed a common mechanism for orientation in fish trained in both a map-like or relational procedure and a directly cued procedure. however, k. cheng's model is inconsistent with previous results of goldfish (carassius auratus) trained in these 2 tasks. given that k. cheng's proposal assumes that fish choose the goal by using a matching strategy in which they try to match as many properties as possible, in ... | 2005 | 16366780 |
| goldfish (carassius auratus) matching geometric and featural cues: a reinterpretation of some of the data of vargas, lópez, salas, and thinus-blanc (2004). | vargas, lópez, salas, and thinus-blanc showed that goldfish (carassius auratus) can use both geometric and featural cues in relocating a target corner in a rectangular enclosure. when featural cues (arrangement of striped walls) were put in conflict with geometric cues, results differed according to target location during training. vargas, lópez, et al. explained the results of their cue conflict in terms of 2 different strategies: mapping and cue guidance. i provide an alternative, more parsimo ... | 2005 | 16366779 |
| sex steroid regulation of brain glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad) mrna is season-dependent and sexually dimorphic in the goldfish carassius auratus. | gaba, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate brain, has been shown to play an important role in vertebrate reproduction by regulating lh release and sexual behavior. we have studied the expression of the gaba-synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad), in goldfish throughout the reproductive cycle in may (mature), november (early gonadal recrudescence) and february (late gonadal recrudescence) and in response to implanted sex steroids. levels of gad67 and gad65 mrna ... | 2005 | 16226340 |
| catecholamine depletion modulates serum lh levels, gad67 mrna, and gaba synthesis in the goldfish. | it is established that dopamine inhibits while gaba stimulates lh release in goldfish. in this study, we examine dopaminergic regulation of gabaergic activity in the hypothalamus of early recrudescent female goldfish (carassius auratus). we utilize a unique technique that permits concomitant quantification and correlation of in vivo gad65 and gad67 mrna with gaba synthesis rate in response to decreased dopamine levels. catecholamine depletion was achieved by treatment with alpha-methyl-para-tyro ... | 2005 | 15639145 |
| pentachlorophenol reduces b lymphocyte function through proinflammatory cytokines in carassius auratus. | cytokines and igm levels are important parameters in the acquired immunity of fish. in the present study, the effect of pentachlorophenol (pcp) on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, tnf-alpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and il-1beta (interleukin 1) mrna levels of crucian carp, were determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method. to put the deduction of pcp's immunotoxicity on b cell function, b cells secretion of igm under exposure of ... | 2005 | 15621336 |
| cytoplasmic impact on cross-genus cloned fish derived from transgenic common carp (cyprinus carpio) nuclei and goldfish (carassius auratus) enucleated eggs. | in previous studies of nuclear transplantation, most cloned animals were obtained by intraspecies nuclear transfer and are phenotypically identical to their nuclear donors; furthermore, there was no further report on successful fish cloning since the report of cloned zebrafish. here we report the production of seven cross-genus cloned fish by transferring nuclei from transgenic common carp into enucleated eggs of goldfish. nuclear genomes of the cloned fish were exclusively derived from the nucl ... | 2005 | 15469998 |
| growth and dietary utilisation in goldfish (carassius auratus linn.) fed diets formulated with various local agro-produces. | during a 60 d feeding trial, goldfish (carassius auratus) measuring 1.66+/-0.02 g by weight and 4.2+/-0.02 mm by length were fed diets containing 23.34%, 26.21%, 29.30%, 32.24% and 42.53% crude protein in feeds i through v respectively. the four formulated-diets (feeds i, ii, iv and v) contained groundnut oil-cake, wheat bran, soybean meal, fish meal, cod liver oil, vegetable oil and vitamin-mineral mixture with tapioca as binder and a commercially-available diet (feed iii) procured from the mar ... | 2005 | 15588775 |
| [parasitofauna of the silver crucian (carassius auratus gibelio bloch, 1783) catched in the carp ponds of the leczyn-włodawa lake district]. | 2004 | 524892 | |
| effects of crude extracts of mucuna pruriens (fabaceae) and carica papaya (caricaceae) against the protozoan fish parasite ichthyophthirius multifiliis. | the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis is among the most pathogenic parasites of fish maintained in captivity. in the present study, the effects of the crude methanolic extract of leaves of mucuna pruriens and the petroleum-ether extract of seeds of carica papaya against i. multifiliis were investigated under in vivo and in vitro conditions. goldfish (carassius auratus auratus) infected with the parasites were immersed for 72 h in baths with m. pruriens extract, and for 96 h in baths with c. p ... | 2004 | 14735356 |
| effects of chronic exposure of 2,4-dichlorophenol on the antioxidant system in liver of freshwater fish carassius auratus. | there were few reports on the antioxidant response of aquatic organisms exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp). this research explored the hepatic antioxidant responses of fish to long-term exposure of 2,4-dcp for the first time. freshwater fish carassius auratus were chosen as experimental animals. the fish were exposed to six different concentrations of 2,4-dcp (0.005-1.0 mg/l) for 40 days and then liver tissues were separated for determination. as shown from the results, 40 days afterwards, ... | 2004 | 14761689 |
| positive selection on multiple antique allelic lineages of transferrin in the polyploid carassius auratus. | transferrin polymorphism has been studied in the polyploid carassius auratus by cloning and sequence analysis of cdnas from its three subspecies c. auratus gibelio, c. auratus auratus, and c. auratus cuvieri. dna polymorphism of extremely high extent was shown for the transferrin gene by the 248 segregation sites among coding region sequences of its alleles. the deduced amino acid sequences of the transferrin alleles showed variable theoretical physicochemical parameters, which might constitute ... | 2004 | 15014154 |
| effect of microcystin-lr on protein phosphatase activity in fed and fasted juvenile goldfish carassius auratus l. | fed and fasted juvenile goldfish carassius auratus (30 g body weight) were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with microcystin-lr (mc-lr) (125 microg/kg body weight) to determine the effect of alimentary status on the hepatic toxicity of mc-lr. the toxin accumulation pattern was similar in both fed and fasted treatments. mc-lr accumulated during the first 48 h post-injection and decreased significantly between 48 and 96 h. mc-lr accumulation induced a decrease in hepatic protein phosphatase activ ... | 2004 | 15033328 |
| identification and characterization of a glucagon receptor from the goldfish carassius auratus: implications for the evolution of the ligand specificity of glucagon receptors in vertebrates. | the structural basis of ligand selectivity of g protein-coupled receptors for metabolic hormones has been an area of intense investigation, and yet it remains unresolved. one approach to delineating the mechanism of ligand-receptor interactions is to compare the ligand specificities of receptors expressed in species that emerged at different times within vertebrate evolution. in this paper we describe the isolation, functional, and phylogenetic characterization of the glucagon receptor from the ... | 2004 | 15033912 |
| haematopoietic necrosis in a goldfish (carassius auratus) associated with an agent morphologically similar to herpesvirus. | one of 14 goldfish (carassius auratus) died 4 weeks after purchase and was investigated by necropsy and histological examination. routine formalin fixation of the goldfish was followed by histopathology. formalin fixed spleen and kidney from the fish was further processed by embedding in epoxy resin and examined by transmission electron microscopy (em). severe, diffuse necrosis of haematopoietic tissue in the spleen, thymus and kidney and severe, diffuse hyperplasia in the gill epithelial cells ... | 2004 | 15088985 |
| resistance to change in goldfish. | resistance to change has been studied in several species such as humans, rats, and pigeons. we conducted two experiments using goldfish as subjects to examine the generality of the findings on resistance to change in a phylogenetically more primitive species. in experiment 1, five goldfish (carassius auratus) were trained on two-component multiple schedules with different variable-interval schedules in effect. when responding was disrupted by presenting free food during intercomponent intervals ... | 2004 | 15110916 |
| endocrine disruption and altered gonadal development in white perch (morone americana) from the lower great lakes region. | high prevalences of gonadal intersex have been observed in wild fish populations in areas affected by domestic and industrial effluents. for this study, fish were collected in 1998 from the cootes paradise region of hamilton harbour in western lake ontario, canada, to determine whether gonadal abnormalities, including intersex, were present in young of the year (yoy) fish. no gonadal abnormalities were observed in goldfish (carassius auratus), common carp (cyprinus carpio), gizzard shad (dorosom ... | 2004 | 15175179 |
| production of a biologically active growth hormone from giant catfish (pangasianodon gigas) in escherichia coli. | giant catfish growth hormone (gcgh) cdna was cloned and expressed in e. coli. the expected 20.5 kda protein corresponded to the mature gcgh and was efficiently expressed. this protein was produced as inclusion bodies and comprised about 20% of total cellular proteins. the recombinant hormone promoted growth when injected intramuscularly or intraperitoneally into goldfish (carassius auratus) at 0.1 or 1 microg soluble gcgh per g fish body wt per week. in addition, the recombinant gcgh inclusions ... | 2004 | 15200175 |
| molecular phylogeny of congeneric monogenean parasites (dactylogyrus): a case of intrahost speciation. | dactylogyrus species (dactylogyridae: monogenea) are a group of monogenean gill parasites that are highly specific to freshwater fish of the family cyprinidae. dactylogyrus species were sampled from 19 cyprinids and one percid collected in europe. using partial 18s rdna and its1 sequences, a phylogeny of 51 dactylogyrus species was reconstructed to investigate the patterns of parasite speciation and diversification. three main dactylogyrus lineages were recognized from all phylogenetic trees, th ... | 2004 | 15212381 |
| form and function in the unique inner ear of a teleost: the silver perch (bairdiella chrysoura). | members of the teleost family sciaenidae show significant variation in inner ear and swim bladder morphology as well as in the relationship between the swim bladder and the inner ear. in the silver perch (bairdiella chrysoura), a stellifer-group sciaenid, both the saccular and utricular otoliths are enlarged relative to those in other teleosts. additionally, its swim bladder is two-chambered, and the anterior chamber surrounds the otic capsule and terminates lateral to the saccules. structure an ... | 2004 | 15236234 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of a fish pkr-like gene from cultured cab cells induced by uv-inactivated virus. | the double-stranded-rna-dependent protein kinase (pkr) is an important component in an antiviral defence pathway that is mediated by interferon (ifn) in vertebrates. previously, some important ifn system genes had been identified from an ifn-producing cab (crucian carp carassius auratus blastulae embryonic) cells after treatment with uv-inactivated gchv (grass carp haemorrhage virus). here, a fish pkr-like gene, named capkr-like, is cloned and sequenced from the same virally infected cab cells. ... | 2004 | 15312662 |
| molecular phylogeny of the kidney-parasitic sphaerospora renicola from common carp (cyprinus carpio) and sphaerospora sp. from goldfish (carassius auratus auratus). | the genetic relatedness of two kidney-parasitic sphaerospora species was studied. although s. renicola, the causative agent of swimbladder inflammation of common carp fingerlings (cyprinus carpio), and sphaerospora sp. originating from goldfish (carassius auratus auratus) were indistinguishable on the basis of spore morphology, they were found to be genetically different as their 18s rdna sequences shared only 71.9% identical nucleotides. in the phylogenetic trees, sphaerospora sp. from goldfish ... | 2004 | 15595280 |
| oral immunization of carassius auratus with modified recombinant a-layer proteins entrapped in alginate beads. | this study was focused on the utilization of a recombinant expression system to produce a unique modified subunit vaccine possessing a self-contained delivery system which could potentially improve the uptake and delivery of vaccine products as well their immunogenic potential. for this purpose the a-layer protein (at-r) associated with the fish pathogen atypical aeromonas salmonicida was cloned and modified by the genetic fusion of the protein transduction domain (mts) derived from kaposi fibro ... | 2004 | 15530693 |
| molecular characterization and ifn signal pathway analysis of carassius auratus castat1 identified from the cultured cells in response to virus infection. | type i interferon (ifn) exerts its pleiotropic effects mainly through the jak-stat signaling pathway, which is presently best described in mammals. by subtractive suppression hybridization, two fish signaling factors, jak1 and stat1, had been identified in the ifn-induced crucian carp carassius auratus l. blastulae embryonic (cab) cells after treatment with uv-inactivated grass carp hemorrhagic virus (gchv). further, the full-length cdna of stat1, termed castat1, was obtained. it contains 2926 b ... | 2004 | 14642888 |
| noise-induced stress response and hearing loss in goldfish (carassius auratus). | fishes are often exposed to environmental sounds such as those associated with shipping, seismic experiments, sonar and/or aquaculture pump systems. while efforts have been made to document the effects of such anthropogenic (human-generated) sounds on marine mammals, the effects of excess noise on fishes are poorly understood. we examined the short- and long-term effects of increased ambient sound on the stress and hearing of goldfish (carassius auratus; a hearing specialist). we reared fish und ... | 2004 | 14691090 |
| identification and expression analysis of two ifn-inducible genes in crucian carp (carassius auratus l.). | interferon (ifn) exerts its antiviral effects mainly through activation of a subset of ifn-stimulated genes (isg), but relatively few of fish isgs have been isolated and characterized so far. here, we report two fish isgs, termed caifi58 and caifi56, cloned from a subtractive cdna library constructed with mrnas obtained from crucian carp (carassius auratus l.) blastulae embryonic (cab) cells infected by uv-inactivated gchv and mock-infected cells. database search revealed that both isgs had a hi ... | 2004 | 14697509 |
| the duplication of the hox gene clusters in teleost fishes. | higher teleost fishes, including zebrafish and fugu, have duplicated their hox genes relative to the gene inventory of other gnathostome lineages. the most widely accepted theory contends that the duplicate hox clusters orginated synchronously during a single genome duplication event in the early history of ray-finned fishes. in this contribution we collect and re-evaluate all publicly available sequence information. in particular, we show that the short hox gene fragments from published pcr sur ... | 2004 | 18202881 |
| a drastic reduction in the basal level of heat-shock protein 90 in the brain of goldfish (carassius auratus) after administration of geldanamycin. | geldanamycin (ga), a specific inhibitor of the chaperoning function of heat-shock protein 90 (hsp90), has been shown to mimic heat shock (hs) in inducing expression of hsp90, hsp72 and other hsps in unstressed mammalian cells. in the present study, intra-cerebral treatment of goldfish with ga (at a dose of 0.1 microg/g-body weight) diminished basal hsp90 level to a 30-40% level in the brain, without affecting the basal hsp72 level, as assayed 28-48 h after treatment. whole-body exposure to hs si ... | 2004 | 15572859 |
| effects of cortisol on food intake, growth, and forebrain neuropeptide y and corticotropin-releasing factor gene expression in goldfish. | although elevated plasma cortisol levels and a reduction in food intake are common features of the response to stress in fish, the potential role of cortisol in the regulation of food intake in these animals is poorly understood. in this study, goldfish (carassius auratus) were fed ad libitum for 21 days diets prepared to contain 0 (control), 50 (low) or 500 (high) microg cortisol/g of food. while feeding remained unchanged in controls and in fish fed the high cortisol diet, daily food intake gr ... | 2004 | 14697310 |
| acoustical stress and hearing sensitivity in fishes: does the linear threshold shift hypothesis hold water? | mammals exposed to loud aerial sounds exhibit temporary threshold shifts (tts) that are linearly related to increases of sound pressure above baseline hearing levels. it was unknown if this relationship held true for aquatic ectotherms such as fishes. to test this linear threshold shift hypothesis (lints) in fishes, we examined the effects of increased ambient sound on hearing of two species differing in hearing capabilities: goldfish (carassius auratus; a hearing specialist) and tilapia (oreoch ... | 2004 | 15339955 |
| effects of chlorpheniramine and l-histidine on vestibular compensation in goldfish, carassius auratus. | histamine is thought to be involved in the recovery of vestibular function after damage to the vestibular receptors of the inner ear. this study evaluated the effects of post-operative treatment using chlorpheniramine (h1 histamine antagonist) and l-histidine, (a histaminergic precursor), after hemilabyrinthectomy in goldfish. in this lesion model, the unilateral removal of the labyrinth induces a transient postural imbalance in response to light. after the lesion, the animals were injected intr ... | 2004 | 15331143 |
| [effects of copper (cu2+) and cu-edta complex on the induction of hsp70 in the fish brain]. | the effects of copper (cu2+) and cu-edta complex on the induction of hsp70 in the fish brain were studied. after the fish (carassius auratus) were exposed to the experimental concentrations for forty days, the sds-page and western blotting techniques were used to detect the expression level of hsp70 in the fish brain. the results showed that cu2+ and cu-edta complex can induce the expression of hsp70 significantly. comparing with the test groups exposed to cu2+, the cu-edta complex had changed t ... | 2004 | 15327262 |
| effects of four chlorobenzenes on serum sex steroids and hepatic microsome enzyme activities in crucian carp, carassius auratus. | four chlorobenzenes (chlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, p-chloro-methylbenzene) were administrated to the crucian carps (carassius auratus) by peritoneal injections in the laboratory for 30 days. serum testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol concentrations were detected using radioimmunology assay (ria), and the activities of two hepatic microsome enzymes, glutathione s-transferase (gst) and udp-glucuronosyltransferase (udpgt), were measured using the modified methods as describ ... | 2004 | 15294436 |
| identification of a novel c1q family member in color crucian carp (carassius auratus) ovary. | potential roles of c1q/tumor necrosis factor (tnf) superfamily proteins have been observed in vertebrate oogenesis and oocyte maturation, but no ovary-specific member has been identified so far. in this study, we have cloned and identified a novel member of c1q family with a c1q domain in the c-terminal from fully grown oocyte cdna library of color crucian carp and demonstrated that the gene might be specifically expressed in ovary and therefore designated as carassius auratus ovary-specific c1q ... | 2004 | 15253877 |
| encoding of geometric and featural spatial information by goldfish (carassius auratus). | goldfish (carassius auratus) were trained in different place-finding tasks as a means of analyzing their ability to encode the geometric and the featural properties of the environment. results showed that goldfish could encode and use both geometric and featural information to navigate. goldfish trained in a maplike, or relational, procedure encoded both types of information in a single representation. in contrast, fish trained in a directly cued procedure developed 2 independent and competing s ... | 2004 | 15250808 |
| gill metaplasia in a goldfish, carassius auratus auratus (l.). | 2004 | 15228611 | |
| coexistence of a sexual and an unisexual form stabilized by parasites. | an unisexual species (either parthenogenetic or gynogenetic form) often coexists sympatrically with a closely related anisogamous sexual species, forming a unisexual complex. this is puzzling because, all else being equal, a sexual population with the two-fold cost of sex (or the cost of producing males) cannot coexist with a unisexual population. this suggests that some ecological processes are at work to make possible the coexistence of the unisexual complex. field and laboratory studies sugge ... | 2004 | 14643188 |
| [triploid crucain carp-allotetraploid hybrids (male) x goldfish( hermaphrodite)]. | a new type of triploid crucian carp was generated by mating the males of the allotetraploid hybrids of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var.) (female) x common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) (male), with the females the goldfish( carassius auratus red var.) which was red in color and possessed the biforked tails. the biological characteristics of one-year old triploid crucian carp including the number and karotype of chromosome, gonadosomatic indices and gonadal structures, appearance and grow ... | 2004 | 15468916 |
| immunotoxicity of pentachlorophenol on macrophage immunity and igm secretion of the crucian carp (carassius auratus). | 2004 | 15386086 | |
| increased gad67 mrna levels are correlated with in vivo gaba synthesis in the mptp-treated catecholamine-depleted goldfish brain. | the role of catecholamine neuronal input on gabaergic activity in the hypothalamus, telencephalon, optic tectum, and cerebellum was investigated in early recrudescent female goldfish (carassius auratus). a new quantitative technique was developed and validated, permitting concomitant quantification and correlational analysis of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (gad65), gad67, and gad3 mrna levels and in vivo gaba synthesis. catecholamine depletion was achieved by the administration of 1-methyl-4-p ... | 2004 | 15363887 |
| the endothelin/sarafotoxin-induced increase of the proliferation of undifferentiated and dmso-differentiated gem-81 goldfish erythrophoroma cells is mediated by etb receptors. | endothelins (ets) and sarafotoxins (srtxs) have been reported to exert et(b)-mediated effects on vertebrate pigment cells. gem-81 cell line, a red pigment cell-derived cutaneous tumor of the teleost carassius auratus, expresses et(b) receptors and can be differentiated with 1.5% dmso treatment, thus constituting an useful model to investigate et and srtx effects on cultured fish pigment cells. our aim was to characterize the pharmacology and biological effects mediated by et receptors in dmso-di ... | 2004 | 15357834 |
| identification of two novel interferon-stimulated genes from cultured cab cells induced by uv-inactivated grass carp hemorrhage virus. | interferon (ifn) exerts its antiviral effect by inducing the expression of a number of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) to establish a host antiviral state. earlier studies identified some important fish ifn system genes from ifn-induced cab cells (crucian carp carassius auratus l. embryonic blastulae cells) after treatment with uv-inactivated gchv (grass carp hemorrhage virus). herein, the cloning of 2 novel ifn-stimulated genes, termed gig1 and gig2, is described for the same cell system. the compl ... | 2004 | 15352519 |
| spatial learning deficits after the development of dorsomedial telencephalon lesions in goldfish. | the effects of lesions in the dorsal area of the caudal telencephalon (carassius auratus) on the retention of spatial learning in goldfish were examined. the experimental paradigm was similar to the dry version of the morris water maze for rodents. after being trained to reach a criterion, goldfish underwent surgery and were then retrained. in the retraining, dorsomedial lesions resulted in poor performance, while dorsolateral lesions did not. in a landmark task in which a small circular colored ... | 2004 | 15597037 |
| in vivo and in vitro activities of the seed extract of piper guineense schum. and thonn. against skin and gill monogenean parasites of gold fish (carassius auratus auratus). | methanol extracts of the seeds of piper guineense (piperaceae) were active against gold fish (carassius auratus auratus l. pisces cyprinidae) monogenean parasites. the seed extract of p. guineense was administered at different concentrations (0.5-2.0 mg/l) under in vivo and in vitro conditions. there was a higher efficacy of the effects of the extracts against fish parasites under in vitro situations than under in vivo. three major compounds (piperanine, n-isobutyl (e,e)-2,4 decadienamide and de ... | 2004 | 15551399 |
| tissue-specific cu bioaccumulation patterns and differences in sensitivity to waterborne cu in three freshwater fish: rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), common carp (cyprinus carpio), and gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio). | rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), common carp (cyprinus carpio) and gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio) were exposed to copper (1-20 microm) in softened antwerp city tap water at ph 7.3 +/- 0.1 and with a water hardness of 292.4 +/- 8.1 mg/l caco(3) (ca 100.8 +/- 3.0 mg/l; mg 11.0 +/- 0.2 mg/l). lc50s (96 h) were determined and copper accumulation in gills, liver, and kidney assessed over a 10-day period. rainbow trout (96 h lc50: 3.3 microm/210 microg/l) were three times more sensitive to ... | 2004 | 15550275 |
| effect of microcystin-lr on protein phosphatase activity and glycogen content in isolated hepatocytes of fed and fasted juvenile goldfish carassius auratus l. | toxic effects of microcystin-lr were studied in hepatocytes isolated from fed and fasted juvenile goldfish carassius auratus (30 g body weight). the hepatocytes were incubated with 10 microgmc-lr l(-1) during 4 h. mc-lr induces no effect in terms of cell number and viability. the toxin accumulation pattern was different in fed and fasted treatments. mc-lr accumulated more rapidly in 'fasted' cells where the highest concentration was observed by 1 h of exposure. it was delayed to 4 h in the 'fed' ... | 2004 | 15530975 |
| acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium in isolated teleost hepatocytes. | acute toxic effects of hexavalent chromium [cr(vi)], a widely recognised carcinogenic, mutagenic and redox active metal, were investigated in isolated hepatocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus). exposure to 250 microm cr(vi) induced a significant decrease of cell viability from 94% in controls to 88% and 84% after 30 min and 4 h of exposure, respectively. cr-toxicity was associated with a concentration-dependent stimulation of the formation of reactive oxygen species (ros). as one potential sou ... | 2004 | 15522432 |
| molecular basis of transferrin polymorphism in goldfish (carassius auratus). | transferrin (tf) polymorphism was investigated in a color variety of goldfish (carassius auratus), and its molecular basis analyzed. three tf variants (a1, a2 and b1) were identified from an inbred strain of the goldfish, of which a1 and b1 displayed a large electrophoretic difference on both native and sds-page gels. the tf cdnas corresponding to variants a1 and b1 were cloned and sequenced from a1a1, a1b1 and b1b1 individuals, and their deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed. substantial a ... | 2004 | 15521429 |
| quantification of the effects of resperine on gonadotroph expression in the pituitary of goldfish (carassius auratus). | in many teleosts, the control of gonadotropin ii (or luteinizing hormone) secretion is under the dual control of stimulatory and inhibitory neuroendocrine factors. the principal stimulating factor is gonadotropin-releasing hormone and the main inhibitor is dopamine. inhibiting the activities of dopamine by antidopaminergic drugs potentiates the actions of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, resulting in a surge release of luteinizing hormone and ovulation and spawning in a number o ... | 2004 | 15503816 |
| acid-base regulation in isolated gill cells of the goldfish (carassius auratus). | mechanisms of acid release and intracellular ph (ph(i)) homeostasis were analysed in goldfish (carassius auratus) gill cells in primary culture. the rate of acid secretion was measured using a cytosensor microphysiometer, and ph(i) was determined using the fluorescent probe 2',7'-bis-(3-carboxypropyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (bcpcf). amiloride, a na(+) channel and na(+)/h(+) exchanger (nhe) inhibitor, had no effect on ph(i), but acid secretion of the gill cells was significantly impaired. i ... | 2004 | 15503056 |
| [karyotypic analysis from two clones of gynogenetic pengze crucian carp (carassius auratus of pengze)]. | pengze crucian carp (carassius auratus of pengze), one of the most popular cultural fishes in china, is an endemic bisexual population with natural gynogenetic reproduction mode. just like silver crucian carp, investigation on the karyotype of pengze crucian carp is important to understanding the diversity and the evolution of the unisexual vertebrates. two distinguishable gynogenetic clones of pengze crucian carp, named clone h and clone l, respectively,were detected recently. in this study, th ... | 2004 | 15481531 |
| lesions of the medial pallium, but not of the lateral pallium, disrupt spaced-trial avoidance learning in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the effects of telencephalic lesions of the medial pallium (mp) and lateral pallium (lp) of goldfish on avoidance learning were studied in a two-way, shuttle response, spaced-trial avoidance conditioning situation. animals received one trial per day, a training regime that permits the assessment of avoidance learning in the absence of stimulus carry-over effects from prior trials. control and lp-lesioned goldfish exhibited significantly faster avoidance learning than mp-lesioned animals. these r ... | 2004 | 15193757 |
| enhancement of antigen uptake and antibody production in goldfish (carassius auratus) following bath immunization and ultrasound treatment. | ultrasound irradiation and hyperosmotic treatments were compared as facilitators of antigen (bsa) penetration through the skin by bath vaccination and as enhancers of the antibody response in goldfish. the kinetics of bsa penetration and accumulation into the skin, and via it to the blood, and the consequent specific stimulation of the humoral immune response, were studied. the main findings are: (1). ultrasonic treatment is more effective than hyperosmotic treatment in enhancing both antigen tr ... | 2004 | 15193392 |
| cell culture of clonal ginbuna crucian carp hematopoietic cells: differentiation of cultured cells into erythrocytes in vivo. | we cultivated kidney hematopoietic cells from clonal triploid ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. proliferating cells from hematopoietic cell cultures were harvested and injected into tetraploid hybrids (clonal triploid ginbuna and goldfish hybrid) which possess three sets of chromosomes from a triploid clone and a haploid set of chromosomes from goldfish (carassius auratus). after injection of cultured triploid cells (donor cells), blood samples were obtained from tetraploid hy ... | 2004 | 15183027 |
| kinetic characters and resistance to inhibition of crude and purified brain acetylcholinesterase of three freshwater fishes by organophosphates. | acetylcholinesterase (ache) was purified from the brain of three fresh-water fishes, topmouth gudgeon (pseudorasbora parva), goldfish (carassius auratus auratus) and rainbow trout (oncorrhychus mykiss, formerly named salmo gairdneri) by peg2000/phosphate-salt two phases extraction, deae-sephadex a-50 and sephadex g-200 chromatography. kinetic characters and resistance to inhibition of crude and purified enzymes by organophosphates were then studied. although the crude enzyme from the trout displ ... | 2004 | 15177947 |
| peptide effects on social behavior: effects of vasotocin and isotocin on social approach behavior in male goldfish (carassius auratus). | the authors measured the effects of centrally infused peptides on social approach behaviors in goldfish (carassius auratus), a social teleost. vasotocin (vt) inhibited approach responses toward the visual stimuli of conspecifics in the absence of aggressive or sexual olfactory contextual cues in males, and a v1 receptor antagonist stimulated such responses, at least in males that were not highly social in baseline conditions, as did isotocin (it). in the absence of social stimuli, vt did not aff ... | 2004 | 15174940 |
| effects of atrazine on sex steroid dynamics, plasma vitellogenin concentration and gonad development in adult goldfish (carassius auratus). | sexually mature goldfish (carassius auratus) of both sexes were exposed to two doses (100 and 1000 microg/l) of the widely used herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) for a period of 21 days and effects on the concentrations of gonad and plasma sex steroids (testosterone (t), 17beta-estradiol (e2) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-kt)), plasma vitellogenin (vtg) and gonad histo-morphology assessed. atrazine did not show any obvious estrogenic effect in males, as determi ... | 2004 | 15168945 |
| enzyme treatment of trypanosoma danilewskyi (laveran and mesnil) increases its susceptibility to lysis by the alternative complement pathway of goldfish, carassius auratus (l.). | this study examined whether in vitro-cultured trypanosoma danilewskyi were susceptible to lysis in the presence or absence of anti-parasite antibodies and complement. cultured trypanosomes were resistant to lysis by either immune or non-immune goldfish serum. however, trypanosomes treated with the proteolytic enzyme trypsin, which destroys surface proteins of the parasites, became susceptible to lysis when exposed to either immune or non-immune goldfish serum. the lysis by goldfish serum was dep ... | 2004 | 15139906 |