Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| mitochondrial membrane permeabilisation by amyloid aggregates and protection by polyphenols. | alzheimer's disease and parkinson's disease are neurodegenerative disorders characterised by the misfolding of proteins into soluble prefibrillar aggregates. these aggregate complexes disrupt mitochondrial function, initiating a pathophysiological cascade leading to synaptic and neuronal degeneration. in order to explore the interaction of amyloid aggregates with mitochondrial membranes, we made use of two in vitro model systems, namely: (i) lipid vesicles with defined membrane compositions that ... | 2013 | 23817009 |
| polysaccharides from chinese tea: recent advance on bioactivity and function. | tea (camellia sinensis) has a long history of medicinal use in asian countries such as china, japan, india and thailand as ancient as 500,000 years ago. tea is globally one of the most popular and lowest cost beverages, next only to water. tea leaves are popularly consumed with unfermented (green tea), semi-fermented (oolong tea), and fermented (black and puerh) forms. the chemical composition of tea mainly includes polyphenols (tpp), proteins, polysaccharides (tps), chlorophyll, and alkaloids. ... | 2013 | 23994784 |
| bioactive components and preventive effect of green tea (camellia sinensis) extract on post-laparotomy intra-abdominal adhesion in rats. | adhesion formation is an important complication of abdomino-pelvic surgery. green tea (camellia sinensis) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects which prevent production and accumulation of collagen and, thus, may reduce adhesion formation. the present study examined the effect of green tea alcoholic extract on intra-abdominal adhesion formation. total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents as well as anti-oxidant activity were also evaluated. | 2013 | 23994005 |
| polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of ctc black tea of north-east india. | sixty black tea samples from different agro climatic zones of northeast india were assessed for biochemical constituents that determine quality and also influence organoleptic perception. the antioxidant activities such as α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) free radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition, nitrite scavenging and super oxide scavenging, of the collected samples were analysed. out of the four antioxidant activities, the super oxide scavenging activity was lowest and nitrit ... | 2013 | 23993544 |
| black tea may be a prospective adjunct for calcium supplementation to prevent early menopausal bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis. | the present study was undertaken to find out the ability of black tea extract (bte) as a suitable alternative of adjunct for calcium supplementation in treating an ovariectomized rat model of early osteoporosis. female wistar rats weighing 140-150 g were divided into four groups consisting of six animals in each group: (a) sham-operated control; (b) bilaterally ovariectomized; (c) bilaterally ovariectomized + bte; (d) bilaterally ovariectomized + 17 β -estradiol. results suggest that bte could p ... | 2013 | 23984184 |
| antihypertensive medication and the effects of black tea on blood pressure variation. | 2013 | 23964057 | |
| [pancreatic cancer and lifestyle factors]. | pancreatic cancer is a serious cancer with unfavorable prognosis. due to differences in the incidence of pancreatic cancer in different regions, it is clear that factors associated with lifestyle play an important role in the etiology. the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of selected lifestyle factors in relation to pancreatic cancer. | 2013 | 23961856 |
| classification of tea category using a portable electronic nose based on an odor imaging sensor array. | a developed portable electronic nose (e-nose) based on an odor imaging sensor array was successfully used for classification of three different fermentation degrees of tea (i.e., green tea, black tea, and oolong tea). the odor imaging sensor array was fabricated by printing nine dyes, including porphyrin and metalloporphyrins, on the hydrophobic porous membrane. a color change profile for each sample was obtained by differentiating the image of sensor array before and after exposure to tea's vol ... | 2013 | 23810847 |
| inducing apoptosis of cancer cells using small-molecule plant compounds that bind to grp78. | glucose regulated protein 78 (grp78) functions as a sensor of endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress. the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that molecules that bind to grp78 induce the unfolded protein response (upr) and enhance cell death in combination with er stress inducers. | 2013 | 23807168 |
| should we drink black tea without milk? | 2013 | 23802249 | |
| inclusivity, exclusivity and limit of detection of commercially available real-time pcr assays for the detection of salmonella. | the traditional cultural detection of salmonella spp. is both time- and labour-intensive. salmonella is often a release criterion for the food industry and time to result is therefore an important factor. storage of finished products and raw materials can be costly and may adversely impact available shelf-life. the application of real-time pcr for the detection of salmonella spp. in food samples enables a potential time-saving of up to four days. the advancement of real-time pcr coupled with the ... | 2013 | 23800733 |
| global transcriptome profiles of camellia sinensis during cold acclimation. | tea is the most popular non-alcoholic health beverage in the world. the tea plant (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) needs to undergo a cold acclimation process to enhance its freezing tolerance in winter. changes that occur at the molecular level in response to low temperatures are poorly understood in tea plants. to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cold acclimation, we employed rna-seq and digital gene expression (dge) technologies to the study of genome-wide expression profiles during co ... | 2013 | 23799877 |
| green and black tea for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. | there is increasing evidence that both green and black tea are beneficial for cardiovascular disease (cvd) prevention. | 2013 | 23780706 |
| a systematic review of anti-obesity medicinal plants - an update. | obesity is the most prevalent health problem affecting all age groups, and leads to many complications in the form of chronic heart disease, diabetes mellitus type 2 and stroke. a systematic review about safety and efficacy of herbal medicines in the management of obesity in human was carried out by searching bibliographic data bases such as, pubmed, scopus, google scholar, web of science, and iranmedex, for studies reported between 30th december 2008 to 23rd april 2012 on human or animals, inve ... | 2013 | 23777875 |
| discrimination of oolong tea (camellia sinensis) varieties based on feature extraction and selection from aromatic profiles analysed by hs-spme/gc-ms. | this study aimed to develop an objective and accurate analytical method to discriminate oolong tea varieties that easily causing adulteration by potential volatile compounds. a total of 75 oolong tea samples of five similar varieties (tieguanyin, benshan, maoxie, huangjingui and jinguanyin) were analysed by headspace solid phase microextraction (hs-spme) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the relative content of 26 major volatile compounds varied significantly according t ... | 2013 | 23768356 |
| color stability of different composite resin materials. | data are needed to better predict the color stability of current composite resin materials. | 2013 | 23763782 |
| potential health benefits of green tea (camellia sinensis): a narrative review. | 2013 | 17113495 | |
| biotransformation of green tea polyphenols and the biological activities of those metabolites. | green tea ( camellia sinensis, theaceae) and its major polyphenol constituents, the catechins, have been reported to have many health benefits including the prevention of cancer and heart disease. many mechanisms of action have been proposed based on in vitro models; however, the importance of most of these mechanisms remains to be determined in vivo. the bioavailability and biotransformation of tea catechins play a key role in determining the importance of various mechanisms in vivo. likewise, ... | 2013 | 17963356 |
| consumption of black tea or coffee and risk of ovarian cancer. | the goal of this study was to investigate the associations between ovarian cancer risk and usual consumption of black tea, regular coffee, or decaffeinated coffee. using a hospital-based case-control design, participants included 414 women with primary epithelial ovarian, fallopian, or peritoneal cancer and 868 age- and region-matched women with nonneoplastic conditions. all participants completed a comprehensive epidemiologic questionnaire. black tea consumption was associated with a linear dec ... | 2013 | 17291231 |
| expression of caffeine biosynthesis genes in tea (camellia sinensis). | using semi-quantitative reverse transcription-pcr, we studied the expression of genes encoding caffeine synthase (tcs1), inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (tidh), s-adenosyl-l-methionine synthase (sams), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) and alpha-tubulin (tua1) in young and mature leaves, stems and roots of 4-month-old tea seedlings and young and old tea tissue cultures. the amounts of transcripts of tcs1 were much higher in young leaves than in other parts of the plant. expression of tidh ... | 2013 | 18533472 |
| cancer chemopreventive activity and bioavailability of tea and tea polyphenols. | consumption of tea (camellia sinensis) has been associated with many health benefits including the prevention of cancer. based on in vitro experiments, many mechanisms have been proposed to account for the cancer chemopreventive activity. the importance of some of these mechanisms in vivo remains in question due to an incomplete understanding of the bioavailability of the polyphenolic compounds in tea. in this article, the literature on the cancer chemopreventive activity of tea and the tea poly ... | 2013 | 12628518 |
| herb-drug interactions: an overview of systematic reviews. | the aim of this overview of systematic reviews (srs) is to evaluate critically the evidence regarding interactions between herbal medicinal products (hmps) and synthetic drugs. | 2013 | 22670731 |
| effects of green tea, black tea, and coffee consumption on the risk of esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. | epidemiological studies regarding the associations of tea and coffee consumption with esophageal cancer (ec) risk are still inconsistent and this meta-analysis was conducted to examine these associations. pubmed, isi -web of science, china national knowledge infrastructure (cnki), and chinese vip database up to october 2011 were searched and manual search for reference lists of relevant studies were conducted. random effects model was used to pool the odds ratios (or). twenty-four case-control a ... | 2013 | 23368908 |
| green tea extract alleviates arsenic-induced biochemical toxicity and lipid peroxidation in rats. | the present work was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of an aqueous extract of green tea (gt, camellia sinensis) leaves against arsenic (naaso₂)-induced biochemical toxicity and lipid peroxidation production in experimental rats. the treatment with arsenic exhibited a significant increase in some serum hepatic and renal biochemical parameters (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin, bilirubin, cholesterol, urea and creatinin ... | 2013 | 22301814 |
| effects of ilex latifolia and camellia sinensis on cholesterol and circulating immune complexes in rats fed with a high-cholesterol diet. | hypercholesterolaemia is one of the risk factors for atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease. here, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with ilex latifolia or green tea (camellia sinensis) on the levels of plasma total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and circulating immune complexes in sprague dawley rats fed with a high-cholesterol diet. we demonstrated that daily administration by gavage of i. latifolia or c. sinensis at doses of 1.0 or 2.0 g/ ... | 2013 | 22451380 |
| inhibition of uvb-induced nonmelanoma skin cancer: a path from tea to caffeine to exercise to decreased tissue fat. | oral administration of green tea, black tea, or caffeine (but not the decaffeinated teas) inhibited ultraviolet b radiation (uvb)-induced skin carcinogenesis in skh-1 mice. studies with caffeine indicated that its inhibitory effect on the atr/chk1 pathway is an important mechanism for caffeine's inhibition of uvb-induced carcinogenesis. the regular teas or caffeine increased locomotor activity and decreased tissue fat. in these studies, decreased dermal fat thickness was associated with a decrea ... | 2013 | 22752580 |
| therapeutic attenuation of neuroinflammation and apoptosis by black tea theaflavin in chronic mptp/probenecid model of parkinson's disease. | neuroinflammation and apoptosis in the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra play an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental and clinical parkinson's disease (pd). this study focused on the possible anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of theaflavin (tf), a black tea polyphenol against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp)-induced neurotoxicity in mice. c57bl/6 male mice were treated with 10 doses of mptp (25 mg/kg, s.c.) and probenecid (250 mg/kg, i.p.) for 3 ... | 2013 | 22669749 |
| effects of sodium fluoride on dna, rna and protein contents in liver of mice and its amelioration by camellia sinensis. | 2013 | 22594270 | |
| effects of the medicinal plants curcuma zedoaria and camellia sinensis on halitosis control. | volatile sulphur compounds (vsc) are the gases mainly responsible for halitosis (bad breath). the aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants on halitosis control. two commonly used plants were tested: curcuma zedoaria and camellia sinensis (green tea). these plants were prepared as an aqueous solution and used as mouthwashes, compared with a standard mouthwash of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate and a placebo (water). the experiment was conducted with 30 volunteers from th ... | 2013 | 23019084 |
| color stability of siloranes versus methacrylate-based composites after immersion in staining solutions. | the purpose of this study was to determine, by using a spectrophotometer device, the color stability of silorane in comparison with four methacrylate-based composites after being immersed in different staining solutions such as coffee, black tea, red wine, orange juice, and coke, and distilled water as control group. | 2013 | 22993112 |
| l-theanine administration results in neuroprotection and prevents glutamate receptor agonist-mediated injury in the rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. | while the neuroprotective effect of green tea (camellia sinensis) might be explained by the presence of amino acid l-theanine in the tea leaves, it is not known whether postischemic administration of l-theanine could also provide neuroprotection. in the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of l-theanine (1 and 4 mg/kg) administered at 3, 12, and 24 h after reperfusion in the rat model of stroke. we also studied the effect of l-theanine on brain injury caused by exogenous adm ... | 2013 | 23097345 |
| short-term effects of polyphenol-rich black tea on blood pressure in men and women. | there is increasing evidence that black tea polyphenols contribute to vascular health. we have recently shown that regular ingestion of polyphenol-rich black tea over 6 months results in lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. however, the time course of these effects remains unclear. therefore, our objective was to determine if short-term effects of tea on blood pressure could contribute to longer-term benefits of regular tea consumption on blood pressure. men and women (n = 111) were recr ... | 2013 | 23038021 |
| black tea: chemical analysis and stability. | tea is the most popular flavored and functional drink worldwide. the nutritional value of tea is mostly from the tea polyphenols that are reported to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anti-oxidant properties, reduction of various cancers, inhibition of inflammation, and protective effects against diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity. tea polyphenols include catechins and gallic acid in green and white teas, and theaflavins and thearubigins as well as other catechin pol ... | 2013 | 23037977 |
| new phenolic compounds from camellia sinensis l. fermented leaves. | two new phenolic compounds (1 and 2, named as teasperol and teasperin, respectively) were isolated from fermented tea (camellia sinensis l.) products, together with known phenolic compounds. teasperol (1) was isolated from chinese traditional post-fermented tea leaves (liu-pao tea) and teasperin (2) was from a japanese tea product which was selectively fermented with aspergillus sp. the chemical structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated based on the analyses of their spectroscopic data. | 2013 | 22972630 |
| dermal delivery by niosomes of black tea extract as a sunscreen agent. | the primary objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using niosomes as a delivery vehicle for the dermal administration in vitro of black tea extract (bte) as a sunscreen. | 2013 | 22913389 |
| investigating the effect of black tea consumption during pregnancy on the oxidant/antioxidant status of breastmilk. | black tea is associated with antioxidant properties. the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the amount of black tea consumption during pregnancy on the oxidant/antioxidant status of breastmilk. | 2013 | 22871122 |
| green tea and its major polyphenol egcg increase the activity of oral peroxidases. | oral peroxidases (opo) consist mainly of salivary peroxidase and myeloperoxidase and are involved in oral defense mechanisms. salivary peroxidase is synthesized and secreted by salivary glands, whereas myeloperoxidase is found in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which migrate into the oral cavity at gingival crevices. green tea is the world's second most popular drink after water. polyphenols are the most biologically active group of tea components. the purpose of our study was to elucidate the int ... | 2013 | 22836624 |
| l-theanine promotes nitric oxide production in endothelial cells through enos phosphorylation. | consumption of tea (camellia sinensis) improves vascular function and is linked to lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. endothelial nitric oxide is the key regulator of vascular functions in endothelium. in this study, we establish that l-theanine, a non-protein amino-acid found in tea, promotes nitric oxide (no) production in endothelial cells. l-theanine potentiated no production in endothelial cells was evaluated using griess reaction, no sensitive electrode and a no specific fluoresc ... | 2013 | 22819553 |
| tea consumption is inversely associated with weight status and other markers for metabolic syndrome in us adults. | tea (camellia sinensis) is a widely consumed beverage, and laboratory and some intervention studies have indicated the potential health benefits of hot tea. the present study examines the association between tea consumption (evaluating hot and iced tea independently) and markers for metabolic syndrome adults in a sample of 6,472 who participated in the 2003-2006 national health and nutrition examination surveys. | 2013 | 22777108 |
| monitoring of pesticide residues in south indian tea. | tea is the most commonly consumed beverage in the world. tea infusion is prepared by pouring boiling hot water over cured leaves of the camellia sinensis plant. such a beverage should be free from toxic chemicals. studies on the monitoring of pesticide residues in tea of south india had been carried. tea samples collected from different districts of south india were analysed for the residues of certain pesticide such as dicofol, ethion, quinalphos, hexaconazole, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate and pr ... | 2013 | 23341056 |
| targeting ret to induce medullary thyroid cancer cell apoptosis: an antagonistic interplay between pi3k/akt and p38mapk/caspase-8 pathways. | mutations in rearranged during transfection (ret) receptor tyrosine, followed by the oncogenic activation of ret kinase is responsible for the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma (mtc) that responds poorly to conventional chemotherapy. targeting ret, therefore, might be useful in tailoring surveillance of mtc patients. here we showed that theaflavins, the bioactive components of black tea, successfully induced apoptosis in human mtc cell line, tt, by inversely modulating two molecular pat ... | 2013 | 23329180 |
| the potential of different bio adsorbents for removing phenol from its aqueous solution. | the use of natural resources for the removal of phenol and phenolic compounds is being looked upon by researchers in preference to other prevailing methods. in the present study, different biosorbents, brown algae (padina pavonia), fresh water macrophyta (ceratophyllum demersum), and black tea residue, were tested as adsorbent for the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions. the optimum conditions for maximum adsorption in terms of concentration of the adsorbate and ph were identified. the resu ... | 2013 | 23242505 |
| ni speciation in tea infusions by monolithic chromatography--icp-ms and q-tof-ms. | for humans, ni is not considered to be an essential trace element. its compounds, at levels present in foodstuffs and drinks, are generally considered to be safe for consumption, but for individuals who already suffer from contact allergy to ni and may be subject to develop systemic reactions from its dietary ingestion, dietary exposure to ni must be kept under control. being the second most popular beverage, tea is a potential source of dietary ni. present knowledge on its speciation in tea inf ... | 2013 | 23232960 |
| priority pahs in orthodox black tea during manufacturing process. | orthodox black tea is obtained from fresh leaves followed by withering, rolling, fermentation and drying. the presence of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) was studied in fresh leaves and at various stages of manufacturing. benzo(a)pyrene (2a: probable human carcinogen) was found in dried tea leaves only whereas, naphthalene (2b: probable human carcinogen) was present during all the stages of manufacturing. dry tea leaves showed higher content of total 16 pahs (∑pahs) about 3 a ... | 2013 | 23224705 |
| the pentacyclic triterpenoids in herbal medicines and their pharmacological activities in diabetes and diabetic complications. | pentacyclic triterpenoids including the oleanane, ursane and lupane groups are widely distributed in many medicinal plants, such as glycyrrhiza species, gymnema species, centella asiatica, camellia sinensis, crataegus species and olea europaea, which are commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. a large number of bioactive pentacyclic triterpenoids, such as oleanolic acid, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, ursolic acid, betulin, betulinic ac ... | 2013 | 23210780 |
| upregulation of phase ii enzymes through phytochemical activation of nrf2 protects cardiomyocytes against oxidant stress. | increased production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (cvd), and enhanced endogenous antioxidants have been proposed as a mechanism for regulating redox balance. nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (nrf2) is a transcriptional regulator of phase ii antioxidant enzymes, and activation of nrf2 has been suggested to be an important step in attenuating oxidative stress associated with cvd. a well-defined combination of five widely st ... | 2013 | 23201694 |
| identification of genes involved in indole-3-butyric acid-induced adventitious root formation in nodal cuttings of camellia sinensis (l.) by suppression subtractive hybridization. | the plant hormone auxin plays a key role in adventitious rooting. to increase our understanding of genes involved in adventitious root formation, we identified transcripts differentially expressed in single nodal cuttings of camellia sinensis treated with or without indole-3-butyric acid (iba) by suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh). a total of 77 differentially expressed transcripts, including 70 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated sequences, were identified in tea cuttings under iba treat ... | 2013 | 23201417 |
| the in vivo antioxidant and antifibrotic properties of green tea (camellia sinensis, theaceae). | the in vivo antioxidant and antifibrotic properties of green tea (camellia sinensis, theaceae) were investigated with a study of carbon tetrachloride (ccl(4))-induced oxidative stress and hepatic fibrosis in male icr mice. oral administration of green tea extract at doses of 125, 625 and 1250 mg/kg for 8 weeks significantly reduced (p<0.05) the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (tbars) and protein carbonyls in the liver by at least 28% compared with that was induced by ccl(4) (1 ... | 2013 | 23194532 |
| the r2r3-myb, bhlh, wd40, and related transcription factors in flavonoid biosynthesis. | r2r3-myb, bhlh, and wd40 proteins have been shown to control multiple enzymatic steps in the biosynthetic pathway responsible for the production of flavonoids, important secondary metabolites in camellia sinensis. few related transcription factor genes have been documented. the presence of r2r3-myb, bhlh, and wd40 were statistically and bioinformatically analyzed on 127,094 c. sinensis transcriptome unigenes, resulting in identification of 73, 49, and 134 genes, respectively. c. sinensis phyloge ... | 2013 | 23184474 |
| phenolic promiscuity in the cell nucleus--epigallocatechingallate (egcg) and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate from green and black tea bind to model cell nuclear structures including histone proteins, double stranded dna and telomeric quadruplex dna. | flavanols from tea have been reported to accumulate in the cell nucleus in considerable concentrations. the nature of this phenomenon, which could provide novel approaches in understanding the well-known beneficial health effects of tea phenols, is investigated in this contribution. the interaction between epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) from green tea and a selection of theaflavins from black tea with selected cell nuclear structures such as model histone proteins, double stranded dna and quadr ... | 2013 | 23172122 |
| influence of exogenously applied abscisic acid on carotenoid content and water uptake in flowers of the tea plant (camellia sinensis). | carotenoids are a major class of plant pigments and fulfill many functions in different organisms that either produce or consume them. although the color of the stamina of tea (camellia sinensis) flowers is clearly due to the presence of carotenoids, the carotenoid profile and content remain to be discovered. | 2013 | 23152164 |
| immunohistochemical localization of caffeine in young camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze (tea) leaves. | the anatomical localization of caffeine within young camellia sinensis leaves was investigated using immunohistochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy. preliminary fixation experiments were conducted with young c. sinensis leaves to determine which fixation procedure retained caffeine the best as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. high pressure freezing, freeze substitution, and embedding in resin was deemed the best protocol as it retained most of th ... | 2013 | 23143222 |
| evaluation of camellia sinensis catechins as a swine antimicrobial feed additive that does not cause antibiotic resistance. | antimicrobial growth promoters (agps) have been banned and phased out because their use has been linked to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens; however, the ban has had a marked impact on livestock production, and feed additive alternatives to agps are required. we focused on green tea leaves as potential alternatives to agps because they contain significant amounts of polyphenol catechins, which have antivirus and antimicrobial effects. we examined cross-resistance betwee ... | 2013 | 23138151 |
| identification of flavonoids with trypsin inhibitory activity extracted from orange peel and green tea leaves. | orange peel (citrus sinensis) and green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves, rich sources of food flavonoids, were analyzed for their trypsin inhibitory potential. hesperetin, rutin and hesperidin from orange peel, and catechin from green tea leaves, were isolated and their chemical structures were analyzed. all four compounds were evaluated for their trypsin inhibitory potential. | 2013 | 23124490 |
| comparison of catechin profiles in human plasma and urine after single dosing and regular intake of green tea (camellia sinensis). | green tea (camellia sinensis) catechin profiles in plasma and urine following single dosing and regular ingestion of green tea are not clear. we performed a placebo-controlled intervention study with sixteen healthy volunteers to determine changes in total and free catechins after a single dose and following 1 week of twice-daily green tea. blood and urine samples were collected before (fasting) and after (60 and 120 min for blood; 90 and 180 min for urine) drinking 200 ml of 1.5% (w/v) green te ... | 2013 | 23110850 |
| tea consumption reduces ovarian cancer risk. | to ascertain the relationship between tea drinking and the risk of ovarian cancer among southern chinese women, a case-control study was conducted in southern china during 2006-2008. | 2013 | 23107758 |
| an improved plant leaf protein extraction method for high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and comparative proteomics. | we report here a simple and universally applicable protocol for extracting high quality proteins from plant leaf tissues. the protocol provides improved resolution and reproducibility of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-de) and reduces the time required to analyze samples. partitioning rubisco by polyethylene glycol (peg) fractionation provides clearer detection of low-abundance proteins. co-extraction of interfering substances increases the sample conductivity, which result ... | 2013 | 23072551 |
| application of enzymes in the production of rtd black tea beverages: a review. | ready-to-drink (rtd) tea is a popular beverage in many countries. instability due to development of haze and formation of tea cream is the common problem faced in the production of rtd black tea beverages. thus decreaming is an important step in the process to meet the cold stability requirements of the product. enzymatic decreaming approaches overcome some of the disadvantages associated with other conventional decreaming methods such as cold water extraction, chill decreaming, chemical stabili ... | 2013 | 23072532 |
| nutrition and nonmelanoma skin cancers. | the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is increasing every year. basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two major types of nonmelanoma skin cancer. among other factors, understanding the potential role of nutrients in the development, progression, and treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer is critical. this contribution provides a review of the nutrients that have been more extensively investigated in the literature with regard to nonmelanoma skin cancer, including dietary fats ... | 2013 | 21034989 |
| expression for caffeine biosynthesis and related enzymes in camellia sinensis. | caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a purine alkaloid that is present in high concentrations in the tea plant camellia sinensis. caffeine synthase (cs, ec 2.1.1.160) catalyzes the s-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent n-3- and n-1-methylation of the purine base to form caffeine, the last step in the purine alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. we studied the expression profile of the tea caffeine synthase (tcs) gene in developing leaves and flowers by means of northern blot analysis, and compared it with ... | 2013 | 20469645 |
| preparation and application of tea to a tritium performance testing programme. | a simple, but novel technique, for adjusting steeps of black tea to produce fluids, which are visually and spectroscopically similar to urine, has been developed at the national calibration reference centre for bioassay and in vivo monitoring in canada. the method uses scans of absorbance versus wavelength, in the uv-vis range (200-800 nm) to select diluted tea steeps that simulate urine. tea solutions (1 and 10 %) were spiked with tritium and distributed to laboratories for performance testing ... | 2012 | 21357582 |
| quantitative analysis of acylated oleanane-type triterpene saponins, chakasaponins i-iii and floratheasaponins a-f, in the flower buds of camellia sinensis from different regional origins. | a quantitative analytical method was developed for the determination of acylated oleanane-type triterpene saponins, chakasaponins i-iii (1-3) and floratheasaponins a-f (4-9), found in camellia sinensis (theaceae). the practical conditions for separation and detection of these saponins were established on an ods column with methanol containing 5 mm trifluoroacetic acid as a mobile phase, and the detection and quantitation limits of the method were estimated to be 1.1-3.8 and 3.5-12.5 ng, respecti ... | 2012 | 22307219 |
| development and certification of green tea-containing standard reference materials. | a suite of three green tea-containing standard reference materials (srms) has been issued by the national institute of standards and technology (nist): srm 3254 camellia sinensis (green tea) leaves, srm 3255 camellia sinensis (green tea) extract, and srm 3256 green tea-containing solid oral dosage form. the materials are characterized for catechins, xanthine alkaloids, theanine, and toxic elements. as many as five methods were used in assigning certified and reference values to the constituents, ... | 2012 | 22127575 |
| simultaneous determination of seven bioactive components in oolong tea camellia sinensis: quality control by chemical composition and hplc fingerprints. | a simple and reliable method of high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) was developed for the quality control of oolong tea (the dry leaves of camellia sinensis ): the quality control included the hplc fingerprint and the quantitative determination of seven bioactive compounds chemicals, namely, (-)-gallocatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, caffeine, (-)-epicatechin, gallocatechin gallate, and (-)-epicatechin gallate. the developed analyses of the chemicals excelle ... | 2012 | 22098505 |
| a randomised crossover trial to compare the potential of stannous fluoride and essential oil mouth rinses to induce tooth and tongue staining. | this study compared the staining potential of two experimental amine fluoride/stannous fluoride mouth rinses (a and b), a phenolic/essential oil rinse (c) and a negative control, water, rinse (d). the study was a single centre, randomized, single-blind, four treatment crossover study design among healthy participants. prior to each study period, participants received a dental prophylaxis. on the monday of each period, subjects suspended oral hygiene, and under supervision, rinsed with the alloca ... | 2012 | 21614461 |
| the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potentials of tea polyphenols. | tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world reported to have multiple health benefits. preventive and therapeutic benefits of tea polyphenols include enhanced general well being and anti-neoplastic effects. the pharmacologic action of tea is often attributed to various catechins present therein. experiments conducted in cancer cell lines and animal models demonstrate that tea polyphenols protect against cellular damage caused by oxidative stress and altered immunity. tea polyphenols mo ... | 2012 | 21466438 |
| targeting the wingless signaling pathway with natural compounds as chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents. | the aberrant activation of the wingless (wnt) signaling pathway is a key element involved in carcinogenesis as wnt regulates a variety of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis and cell motility. upon wnt receptor activation, the canonical "wnt/beta-catenin" as well as the non canonical "wnt/planar cell polarity, wnt/ca²⁺" pathways are activated. this offers multiple possibilities to target the aberrant regulation of this signaling pathway in order to co ... | 2012 | 21466435 |
| green tea and theanine: health benefits. | historically, the medicinal use of green tea dates back to china 4700 years ago and drinking tea continues to be regarded traditionally in asia as a general healthful practice. numerous scientific publications now attest to the health benefits of both black and green teas, including clinical and epidemiological studies. although all tea contains beneficial antioxidants, high-quality green and white teas have them in greater concentrations than black tea. today, scientists believe that the main a ... | 2012 | 22039897 |
| translocation of radiocesium from stems and leaves of plants and the effect on radiocesium concentrations in newly emerged plant tissues. | an accident occurred at the fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power plant in march 2011 at which time large amounts of radionuclides were released into the atmosphere and the sea. in early may 2011, it was found that newly emerged tea (camellia sinensis) leaves contained radiocesium, both (134)cs and (137)cs in some areas more than 300 km away from the fukushima plant. to understand the mechanisms of radiocesium transfer to newly emerged tissues (shoots, leaves and fruits) of other plants in the future ... | 2012 | 22027214 |
| csice1 and cscbf1: two transcription factors involved in cold responses in camellia sinensis. | c-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding factors (cbfs) can induce the expression of a suite of cold-responsive genes to increase plant cold tolerance, and inducer of cbf expression 1 (ice1) is a major activator for cbf. in the present study, we isolated the full-length cdnas of ice1 and cbf from camellia sinensis, designated as csice1 and cscbf1, respectively. the deduced protein csice1 contains a highly conserved basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) domain and c-terminal region of ice1-like pr ... | 2012 | 21850593 |
| determination of biogenic amines in infusions of tea (camellia sinensis) by hplc after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (fmoc-cl). | the reagent 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (fmoc-cl) was used for the pre-column derivatization of the biogenic amines (bas) cadaverine (cad), histamine (him), octopamine (ocp), phenylethylamine (pea), putrescine (put), spermidine (spd), spermine (spm), tyramine (tym) and the internal standard 1,6-diaminohexane (dhx). the resulting fmoc-derivatives were resolved by high-performance liquid chromatography on a superspher(©) c(18) column using a binary gradient generated from sodium acetate an ... | 2012 | 21800261 |
| characterization of novel small rnas from tea (camellia sinensis l.). | small rnas play important roles in plant development, metabolism, signal transduction and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses by affecting gene expression. tea (camellia sinensis l.) is an important commercial crop in the world. to understand the regulatory mechanisms involving small rnas in tea metabolism, we constructed a small rna (srna) library from its tea drink manufacturing tissue part i.e. topmost two leaves and a bud. for the first time, we isolated and cloned six novel small rnas ... | 2012 | 21744261 |
| alpha-tubulin (cstua) up-regulated during winter dormancy is a low temperature inducible gene in tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze]. | the present manuscript describes cloning and expression characterization of alpha-tubulin (cstua) gene in an evergreen tree tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] in response to winter dormancy (wd), abiotic stresses (sodium chloride, polyethylene glycol, and hydrogen peroxide) and plant growth regulators [abscisic acid (aba), gibberellic acid (ga(3)), indole-3-butyric acid (iba), and 6-benzylaminopurine (ba)]. cstua encoded a putative protein of 449 amino acids with a calculated molecular weigh ... | 2012 | 21725638 |
| structural identification of theaflavin trigallate and tetragallate from black tea using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. | black tea contains two major pigments, theaflavins and thearubigins. these polyphenols have been associated with certain health benefits including prevention of heart disease and cancer. elucidating and characterizing the structural aspects of thearubigins, the most abundant pigment in black tea, has been a challenge for many years. therefore further studies of black tea polyphenols must be conducted in effort to solve this thearubigin dispute. in the present study, black tea extract was found t ... | 2012 | 23066878 |
| suppressive subtractive hybridization approach revealed differential expression of hypersensitive response and reactive oxygen species production genes in tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) leaves during pestalotiopsis thea infection. | tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) is an economically important plant cultivated for its leaves. infection of pestalotiopsis theae in leaves causes gray blight disease and enormous loss to the tea industry. we used suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) technique to unravel the differential gene expression pattern during gray blight disease development in tea. complementary dna from p. theae-infected and uninfected leaves of disease tolerant cultivar upasi-10 was used as tester and driv ... | 2012 | 23065401 |
| aflatoxin-induced biochemical changes in liver of mice and its mitigation by black tea extract. | aflatoxin belongs to the class of naturally occurring mycotoxins, food contaminants having potent carcinogenicity. we have evaluated the ameliorative role of black tea extract on aflatoxin-induced biochemical changes in the liver of albino male mice. adult male mice were orally administered with 750 and 1500 pg of aflatoxin in 0.2 ml olive oil/kg b.w./day for 30 days. oral administration of aflatoxin caused, as compared with controls, significant, dose-dependent reduction in dna, rna, protein an ... | 2012 | 23061280 |
| mechanism of hydrolysis of native and cooked starches from different botanical sources in the presence of tea extracts. | a series of experiments were conducted to highlight the mechanism of inhibition of hydrolysis and differences in hydrolysis among starches from different sources in the presence of green or black tea extract. the first experiment showed that black tea extract was more effective at reducing final viscosity for all starches. the second experiment showed that black tea was more effective at inhibiting starch hydrolysis compared to green tea when starch, tea extract, and pancreatin were added at the ... | 2012 | 23057852 |
| structural and docking studies of a nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 (csndpk1) from tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze]. | nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndpk, ec 2.7.4.6) is a housekeeping gene, which functions in the general homeostasis of cellular nucleoside triphosphate (ntp) pools. among the various ndpk isoforms, cytosolic ndpk1 has been shown to be the main ndpk isoform in plants, accounting for more than 70 % of total ndpk activity in plants. for the first time, a full-length cdna (697 bp), designated as csndpk1 was cloned from tea leaves and consisted of a 448-bp open reading frame (orf) encoding a 147-amin ... | 2012 | 23054822 |
| polyphenols extracted from black tea (camellia sinensis) residue by hot-compressed water and their inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase in vitro. | polyphenols, retained in black tea wastes following the commercial production of tea beverages, represent an underutilized resource. the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential use of hot-compressed water (hcw) for the extraction of pancreatic lipase-inhibiting polyphenols from black tea residues. black tea residues were treated with hcw at 10 °c intervals, from 100 to 200 °c. the resulting extracts were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and a ... | 2012 | 23106349 |
| compensation for matrix effects in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of 186 pesticides in tea matrices using analyte protectants. | a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) analytical method was developed for simultaneously determining 186 pesticides in tea matrices using analyte protectants to counteract the matrix-induced effect. the matrix effects were evaluated for green, oolong and black tea, representing unfermented, partially fermented and completely fermented teas respectively and depending on the type of tea, 72%, 94% and 94% of the pesticides presented strong response enhancement effect. several analyte prote ... | 2012 | 23102633 |
| relationships between black tea consumption and key health indicators in the world: an ecological study. | the aim of this study was to investigate potential statistical relationships between black tea consumption and key health indicators in the world. the research question is: does tea consumption is correlated with one or more epidemiological indicators? | 2012 | 23138107 |
| expressed sequence tags from organ-specific cdna libraries of tea (camellia sinensis) and polymorphisms and transferability of est-ssrs across camellia species. | tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world and the tea plant, camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze, is an important crop in many countries. to increase the amount of genomic information available for c. sinensis, we constructed seven cdna libraries from various organs and used these to generate expressed sequence tags (ests). a total of 17,458 ests were generated and assembled into 5,262 unigenes. about 50% of the unigenes were assigned annotations by gene ontology. some were homologous t ... | 2012 | 23136530 |
| purification and characterization of a novel galloyltransferase involved in catechin galloylation in the tea plant (camellia sinensis). | catechins (flavan-3-ols), the most important secondary metabolites in the tea plant, have positive effects on human health and are crucial in defense against pathogens of the tea plant. the aim of this study was to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of galloylated catechins in the tea plant. the results suggested that galloylated catechins were biosynthesized via 1-o-glucose ester-dependent two-step reactions by acyltransferases, which involved two enzymes, udp-glucose:galloyl-1-o-β-d-glucosyltr ... | 2012 | 23132863 |
| effect of green tea (camellia sinensis) consumption on the components of metabolic syndrome in elderly. | to evaluate the effect of the consumption of green tea on components of ms in the elderly. | 2012 | 23131813 |
| pesticide analysis in teas and chamomile by liquid chromatography and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using a modified quechers method: validation and pilot survey in real samples. | this paper presents the validation of a modified quechers method in four matrices - green tea, red tea, black tea and chamomile. the experiments were carried out using blank samples spiked with a solution of 86 pesticides (insecticides, fungicides and herbicides) at four levels - 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/kg. the samples were extracted according to the citrate quechers protocol; however, to reduce the amount of coextracted matrix compounds, calcium chloride was employed instead of magnesium sulphate ... | 2012 | 23127810 |
| rapid and simultaneous determination of antioxidant markers and caffeine in commercial teas and dietary supplements by hplc-dad. | a simple and fast reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography procedure coupled with photodiode array detector (rp-hplc-dad) was developed and validated for the analysis of major catechins, proanthocyanidin (procyanidin b2) and caffeine in 25 different natural complex matrices containing camellia sinensis l. and/or grape seed extracts, two popular plant extracts that have been widely used as natural antioxidants in various food and beverage applications. using an isocratic elution syste ... | 2012 | 23158288 |
| [mechanisms of cerebral protection from ischemia by tea constituents]. | epidemiological and clinical studies in recent years have shown that regular consumption of green or black tea significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic stroke. this review presents the clinical and experimental studies of the antiatherogenic, antiplatelet, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and other mechanisms of action of tea and substances in its composition. effects of tea and its components, are described after long-term, and a short-term consumption. the rol ... | 2012 | 23155618 |
| black tea high-molecular-weight polyphenol increases the motility of sea urchin sperm by activating mitochondrial respiration. | mitochondria activation factor (maf) is a high-molecular-weight polyphenol purified from black tea that activates mitochondrial respiration. it increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and motility of sea urchin sperm, by up to 8%, to the same extent as sperm-activating peptides (saps) secreted by the egg. unlike saps, maf had no effect on sperm swimming behavior, suggesting that the mechanism of sperm activation by maf is different from that of saps. | 2012 | 23221694 |
| black tea extract: a supplementary antioxidant in radiation-induced damage to dna and normal lymphocytes. | myriad research has contributed significantly toward the understanding and identification of health benefits stemming from tea polyphenols and many other naturally occurring flavonoids present in fruits and vegetables. these flavonoids are known to mitigate reactive oxygen species-induced damage by scavenging them. in this study, hot-water black tea extract rich in flavonoids is evaluated as a supplementary antioxidant. the antioxidant efficacy of black tea extract was investigated by evaluating ... | 2012 | 23216640 |
| construction of a high-density reference linkage map of tea (camellia sinensis). | a few linkage maps of tea have been constructed using pseudo-testcross theory based on dominant marker systems. however, dominant markers are not suitable as landmark markers across a wide range of materials. therefore, we developed co-dominant ssr markers from genomic dna and ests and constructed a reference map using these co-dominant markers as landmarks. a population of 54 f(1) clones derived from reciprocal crosses between 'sayamakaori' and 'kana-ck17' was used for the linkage analysis. map ... | 2012 | 23226087 |
| volatile profile analysis and quality prediction of longjing tea (camellia sinensis) by hs-spme/gc-ms. | this study aimed to analyze the volatile chemical profile of longjing tea, and further develop a prediction model for aroma quality of longjing tea based on potent odorants. a total of 21 longjing samples were analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction (hs-spme) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). pearson's linear correlation analysis and partial least square (pls) regression were applied to investigate the relationship between sensory aroma scores and the volatile ... | 2012 | 23225852 |
| [nitrogen and phosphorus loss in different land use types and its response to environmental factors in the three gorges reservoir area]. | the control of agricultural non-point source pollution (agnps) is an urgent problem to be solved for the ecological environment construction in the three gorges reservoir area. we analyzed the nitrogen (n) and phosphorus (p) loss and its response to environmental factors through monitoring the nutrient loss in different land use types after returning farmland to forest. the results showed that: 1) the variability of nutrient concentration loss was strong in different land use types under differe ... | 2012 | 23233964 |
| [anti-inflammatory effects of tea-flavonoids]. | tea flavonoids belong to the large group of polyphenols and display antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic activities. these phytochemicals are xenobiotics and are synthesized by tea plants such as camellia sinensis and camomilla recucita. these botanicals exhibit in vivo activities similar to that of biologicals which are widely used for chronic inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease). epigallocathechin gallate and apigenin from these plant ... | 2012 | 23233307 |
| effect of green tea extract on the treatment of dentin erosion: an in vitro study. | the aim of this study was to analyze the impact of green tea on dentin erosion. | 2012 | 23323184 |
| evaluation of black tea polyphenol extract against the retrogradation of starches from various plant sources. | the effects of black tea polyphenol extract (btpe) on the retrogradation of starches from different plant sources were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) and x-ray diffraction (xrd). dsc analysis shows that the gelatinization temperature of maize starch and starches from different rice varieties increased with increasing btpe level. after storage at 4 °c, btpe at a concentration of 15% markedly retarded the retrogradation of maize starch and starches from different rice variet ... | 2012 | 22772810 |
| the use of teetaimed in estonia, 1880s-1990s. | this research contributes to a better understanding of the criteria used for the selection of plants for making beverages. worldwide, not only the leaves of camellia sinensis, but also various other plants are used for making tea. we argue that the selection of plants for making tea (in estonian teetaimed) depends on specific features possessed by or attributed to the plants. 54 plant taxa and one lichen were identified as being used for making tea, based on the analysis of estonian historical h ... | 2012 | 22772044 |
| construction of cdna library and preliminary analysis of expressed sequence tags from tea plant [camellia sinensis (l) o. kuntze]. | tea is the most popular non-alcoholic and healthy beverage across the world. the understanding of the genetic organization and molecular biology of tea plant, which is very poorly understood at present, is required for quantum increase in productivity and efficient use of germplasm for either cultivation or breeding program. single-pass sequencing of randomly selected cdna clones is the most widely accepted technique for gene identification and cloning. in the present study, a good quality cdna ... | 2012 | 22759521 |
| a six-month crossover chemoprevention clinical trial of tea in smokers and non-smokers: methodological issues in a feasibility study. | chemoprevention crossover trials of tea can be more efficient than parallel designs but the attrition and compliance rates with such trials are unknown. | 2012 | 22800470 |
| nutritional and functional characteristics of seven grades of black tea produced in turkey. | seven grades of black tea [high-quality black tea (grades 1-3) and low-quality black tea (grades 4-7)], processed by çaykur tea processing plant (rize, turkey), were examined for their proximate composition, dietary fiber, minerals, and water-soluble vitamins as well as total phenolic content, various antioxidant assays, phenolics (flavanols, alkoloids, condensed phenolics, and phenolic acids), chlorophylls, and carotenoids. some variations, albeit to different extents, were observed (p < 0.05) ... | 2012 | 22800200 |
| chemopreventive potential of the tannase-mediated biotransformation of green tea. | green tea (camellia sinensis) is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. the cancer chemopreventive qualities of green tea have been well documented. epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) is often described as the most potently chemopreventive green tea catechin; however, the low bioavailability of egcg is a limiting factor for its biological effect. thus, the aim of this work was to test the chemopreventive potential of green tea extract and egcg after tannase-mediated hydrolysis. the ... | 2012 | 25683407 |