Publications

in vitro comparison of the effectiveness of three surface disinfectants.	choosing a general purpose surface disinfectant for the dental office environment is difficult because of the wide range of products available, varying claims by manufacturers and contradictory reports in the literature regarding product efficacy. this study tested the antimicrobial effectiveness of diluted-for-use o-phenyl-phenol (omni), didecyl dimethyl ammonium (basic g) and isopropanol (virahol). products were tested for antimicrobial activity at 0, 12 and 24 hours, 3, 6 and 8 days. o-phenyl ...	1994	7523623
a quantitative comparison of selected bacteria in human carious dentine by microscopic counts.	the levels of selected cariogenic and obligately anaerobic bacteria have been compared in carious dentine taken from fissures, smooth surfaces, and root surfaces. the numbers of infected dentinal tubules were determined by immunohistological staining using species-specific antisera against selected bacteria. selective localization was observed; mutans streptococci were the predominant bacteria in dentine from fissures and smooth surface coronal caries, but not from root surface caries. the propo ...	1994	8033185
bacteria invading periapical cementum.	the aim of this study was to determine whether microorganisms invade periapical cementum of human teeth from the adjacent periapical lesions. we therefore attempted to isolate microorganisms from periapical cementum through the adoption of standard anaerobic procedures for obligate anaerobes. samples of cementum were taken from 10 amputated tooth roots at the time of apicoectomy. from two of these samples, bacteria were recovered after anaerobic incubation, but no bacteria were recovered after a ...	1994	8035155
identification of five peptostreptococcus species isolated predominantly from the female genital tract by using the rapid id32a system.	the rapid id32a kit (biomérieux vitek, inc., hazelwood, mo.) was evaluated for its ability to identify peptostreptococcus species compared with conventional biochemical tests and gas-liquid chromatography (virginia polytechnic institute), the current "gold standard" method. a total of 5 peptostreptococcus american type culture collection strains and 95 clinical isolates comprising peptostreptococcus anaerobius, p. asaccharolyticus, p. magnus, p. micros, and p. prevotii isolates were included for ...	1994	8051260
case report: anaerobic meningitis caused by peptostreptococcus magnus after head and neck surgery.	although anaerobic bacterial meningitis is uncommon, patients subjected to resection of head and neck malignancy appear at special risk. in this article, the authors report on a 72-year-old man in whom meningitis developed after extensive resection of the right sinuses for squamous cell carcinoma; initial treatment consisted of intravenous vancomycin and ceftazidime. intravenous penicillin g was added after the fortuitous early finding of intracellular cocci in wright-giemsa stained cerebral spi ...	1994	8074138
changes in vaginal flora during pregnancy and association with preterm birth.	a prospective study of the vaginal flora changes between midtrimester and labor was undertaken in 560 women; 337 had intact membranes and were in labor when swabs were taken. of these, 45 delivered preterm. gardnerella vaginalis, ureaplasma urealyticum (both associated with preterm birth when present in midtrimester), and mycoplasma hominis commonly persisted between midtrimester and labor, particularly in the preterm cohort (24 [65%] of 37 midtrimester isolates), and these organisms were seldom ...	1994	8077737
iron-sulfur cluster-containing l-serine dehydratase from peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus: correlation of the cluster type with enzymatic activity.	investigations were performed with regard to the function of the iron-sulfur cluster of l-serine dehydratase from peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, an enzyme which is novel in the class of deaminating hydro-lyases in that it lacks pyridoxal-5'-phosphate. anaerobically purified l-serine dehydratase from p. asaccharolyticus revealed epr spectra characteristic of a [3fe-4s]+ cluster constituting 1% of the total enzyme concentration. upon incubation of the enzyme under air the intensity of the [3 ...	1994	8082806
study of gene transfer in vitro and in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice from lactococcus lactis strains to various strains belonging to human intestinal flora.	the use of genetically modified organisms (gmo) in dairy products requires evaluation of the dna transfer capacity from such organisms among the human intestinal microflora. thus, both in vitro and in vivo [in the digestive tract (dt) of mice] transfer from lactococcus lactis donor strains of the conjugative plasmid pil205 (cmr) and the non-conjugative plasmid pil253 (emr) to: (1) recipient strains isolated from human faecal flora bacteroides sp., bifidobacterium sp., peptostreptococcus sp. (str ...	1994	7921350
anaerobic susceptibility testing. slight differences in inoculum size can make a difference in minimum inhibitory concentrations.	in the present study, we compared the actual inoculum density from inoculated broth microdilution wells to the targeted inoculum size (10(5) cfu/well) when the inoculum was prepared using a mcfarland nephelometer to achieve the standard density. three target inoculum sizes (10(5), 5 x 10(5), and 10(6) cfu/well) were used to compare the effect of slight inoculum size increases of both atcc and clinical strains of anaerobes on mics of various antimicrobials. actual colony counts of bacteroides fra ...	1994	7924212
peritonitis following endoscopic polypectomy in a peritoneal dialysis patient: the need for antibiotic prophylaxis.		1994	7927824
evaluation of minocycline and cefuzonam for antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates.	the antibacterial activity of minocycline (mino) and that of cefuzonam (czon) were assessed with clinical isolates of 19 species, and compared with that of other antibiotics. mino was highly active against methicilli-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa), neisseria gonorrhoeae, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, helicobacter pylori, flavobacterium meningosepticum, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, peptostreptococcus spp. and propionibacterium acnes, but not as effective aga ...	1994	7933531
the functional units of a peptostreptococcal protein l.	protein l is a cell-surface protein from peptostreptococcus which interacts with immunoglobulin kappa light chains. a gene from peptostreptococcus strain 3316 coding for protein l and fragments thereof were expressed in escherichia coli. the peptides were examined for binding to immunoglobulin and serum albumin. the four c units were shown to be responsible for binding to immunoglobulin and the four d units for binding to albumin. this protein l molecule therefore binds to albumin at a site sepa ...	1994	7934898
changes in root canal microbiota during the development of rat periapical lesions.	periapical lesions are reproducibly induced in rats by pulp exposure and infection from the oral cavity. lesions expand rapidly between day 7 and day 15-20 (active phase), with slowed expansion thereafter. in the present study we characterized the root canal microbiota present during the active phase of lesion development in this system. the mandibular first molars of sprague-dawley rats were exposed on day 0. the teeth were extracted after 7 days (n = 10 animals) and 15 days (n = 10), and the m ...	1994	7936717
diagnosis and management of abscesses in the basal ganglia and thalamus: a survey.	a review is made of the current management strategies of abscesses in basal ganglia and thalamus, based on a review of the literature and three of our own cases. clinical picture, aetiology, diagnostic, surgical treatment and outcome are discussed. stereotactic abscess puncture in combination with temporary drainage and rinsing of the abscess cavity in combination with systemic medication of antibiotics has become the management of choice with satisfactory results.	1994	7942190
three-dimensional solution structure of an immunoglobulin light chain-binding domain of protein l. comparison with the igg-binding domains of protein g.	protein l is a multidomain protein expressed at the surface of some strains of the anaerobic bacterial species peptostreptococcus magnus. it has affinity for immunoglobulin (ig) through interaction with framework structures in the variable ig light chain domain. the ig-binding activity is located to five homologous repeats called b1-b5 in the n-terminal part of the protein. we have determined the three-dimensional solution structure of the 76 amino acid residue long b1 domain using nmr spectrosc ...	1994	7947810
study on treatment of bacterial vaginosis with oral administration of metronidazole or cefdinir.	bacterial vaginosis (bv) is considered to be one of the most common vaginal infections in women. fifteen symptomatic women with bv were enrolled in this study. ten patients with the diagnosis of bv were treated with 10 days oral administration of metronidazole (mtn), 500 mg twice a day, and five patients with cefdinir (cfdn), 300 mg three times a day. in the mtn therapy, the rate of abnormal vaginal discharge subjectively decreased from 100 to 60%, the rate of abnormal vaginal discharges objecti ...	1994	7956461
rapid diagnosis of anaerobic gram-positive cocci by salt tolerance.	the maximum salt tolerance was 2.5% in cases of peptostreptococcus anaerobius and peptococcus prevotii, 3% in ruminococcus albus, 4% in acidaminococcus fermentans, peptococcus niger and megasphaera elsdenii and 5% in peptococcus magnus. the biochemical tests being largely inactive and time consuming the findings of salt tolerance if combined with those of morphological data provide clue to the rapid identification of gram-positive anaerobic cocci.	1994	7963612
[etiologic factors in acute inflammatory states of the abdominal cavity].	three hundred and two samples of biological material from patients operated because of acute inflammatory states of abdominal cavity were investigated. both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were investigated. among aerobic flora most frequently occurred enterococci, e. coli and pseudomonas. bacteroides and peptostreptococcus were most frequently occurring anaerobes. mixed flora was seen very often. isolated microorganisms were tested for susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, g ...	1994	7967931
increased activity of a new chlorofluoroquinolone, bay y 3118, compared with activities of ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.	a total of 435 clinical isolates of anaerobes were tested with a broth microdilution method to determine the activity of bay y 3118 compared with those of other agents against anaerobic bacteria. all strains of bacteroides capillosus, prevotella spp., porphyromonas spp., fusobacterium spp., clostridium spp., eubacterium spp., peptostreptococcus spp., and veillonella parvula were susceptible (mics of < or = 2 micrograms/ml) to bay y 3118. against the 315 strains of the bacteroides fragilis group, ...	1994	7979307
nucleotide sequence of the gene for peptostreptococcal protein l.	a gene bank of peptostreptococcus magnus dna was established using an e. coli host-vector system. western blot analysis identified a clone expressing protein l which bound to the light chain of human immunoglobulins. dna sequence determination and analysis revealed an open reading frame of 992 amino acids, giving a theoretical secreted protein of 106 kd with a pl of 4.67.	1994	7987012
[brain abscess complicating dental caries in children].	brain abscess following dental or periapical infection is rare in childhood. this report describes brain abscesses found in two children with dental caries. case 1.--a 12 year-old boy was admitted because he had suffered from acute meningitis for 3 days. clinical examination showed symptoms of meningitis plus palsy of the right third and fourth cranial nerves and of the left facial nerve, and a defect in the left temporal field. funduscopic examination showed papilledema; ct scan and mri showed ...	1994	7987445
prophylactic antibiotic treatment in therapeutic or complicated diagnostic ercp: results of a randomized controlled clinical study.	the present study evaluated the effects of prophylactic administration of cefotaxime in patients undergoing therapeutic or complicated diagnostic ercp. one hundred patients were randomized to two groups of 50 patients each. patients in group 1 received an intravenous infusion of 2 g cefotaxime 15 minutes before endoscopy; patients in group 2 did not receive an intravenous antibiotic before ercp (control group). blood samples were drawn for bacteriologic cultures before endoscopy and 5, 15, 30, a ...	1994	7988813
evaluation of the antimicrobial effectiveness of citric acid and sodium hypochlorite on the anaerobic flora of the infected root canal.	this study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of 25% citric acid, compared with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, after time intervals of 5, 15, 30 and 60 min. anaerobic bacterial species were isolated from infected root canals and categorized according to gram stain as gram-positive cocci, gram-negative cocci, gram-positive rods and gram-negative rods. the experimental method used was similar to that proposed by the german society for hygiene and microbiology (dghm) with slight mo ...	1994	7995646
[an evaluation of pathogens in patients with bronchopulmonary infection by transtracheal aspiration: december 1978-march 1993].	we performed transtracheal aspiration (tta) in 1165 patients, who were suspected to have bronchopulmonary infection, from december 1978 to march 1993. we isolated pathogens from tta in 806 patients (69.2%). we isolated h. influenzae (62 cases), s. pneumoniae (39 cases) and m. catarrhalis (24 cases) in patients with acute bronchitis, s. pneumoniae (65 cases), alpha-streptococcus sp. (52 cases), h. influenzae (32 cases) and s. aureus (29 cases) in patients with pneumonia or lung abscess and h. inf ...	1994	7996025
distribution of clindamycin in cortical bone during direct local infusion of the canine tibia.	the distribution of clindamycin in tibial cortical bone, administered via direct local infusion with an implantable pump, is described. clindamycin concentrations in cortical bone were measured after 3, 7, and 21 days of intraosseous infusion. the tibia were divided into four quadrants relative to the outflow infusion catheter site located in the medial aspect of the mid-diaphysis. a gradient of 5-30 mm from the infusion site was documented in all four quadrants (proximal lateral, proximal media ...	1994	7996320
the bacteriology of obstructive pneumonitis. a prospective study using ultrasound-guided transthoracic needle aspiration.	obstructive pneumonitis, the opacity that develops distal to an obstructing endobronchial lesion or external compression, is actually a combination of atelectasis, bronchiectasis with mucus plugging, and true parenchymal inflammation. in the majority of cases, it is usually not possible to determine whether infection is present or not from the radiographic findings alone. the aim of this study was to evaluate the bacteriology of obstructive pneumonitis and the influence of this result on the tre ...	1994	8004324
the clinical importance of gram-positive anaerobic cocci isolated at st bartholomew's hospital, london, in 1987.	the clinical importance of the gram-positive anaerobic cocci (gpac) isolated in 1987 at st bartholomew's hospital, london, is assessed. of about 800 anaerobic isolates, 209 (27%) were gpac, of which 67 (32%) were from abscesses and 22 (11%) were in pure growth. four species comprised 77% of the 168 isolates available for study: peptostreptococcus magnus (55 isolates, 33%), p. micros (23, 14%), p. asaccharolyticus (24, 14%) p. asaccharolyticus (24, 14%) and p. anaerobius (27, 16%). different spec ...	1994	8006943
effect of different combinations of antibiotics on experimental septic peritonitis in rabbits.	this study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of different combinations of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of experimental septic peritonitis. two hundred rabbits, divided into ten groups of 20 rabbits each, were used. septic peritonitis was provoked in two stages: treatment of animals by mechanical lavage or antibiotics was performed during the first stage; blood cultures, isolation and identification of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the peritoneal cavity were performed during th ...	1994	7819597
[treatment of puerperal endometritis. evaluation of the efficacy and safety of clindamycin + gentamycin vs. penicillin + chloramphenicol + gentamycin].	this was a prospective, single-blind, comparative study in patients with diagnosis of puerperal endometritis, carried out at the loayza hospital in lima, peru. the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of clindamycin and gentamicin in the management of endometritis vs. penicillin, chloramphenicol and gentamicin for 10 days. sixty-five patients were enrolled and 62 were evaluable for efficacy. both treatment groups were comparable in the pre-treatment period in terms of ...	1994	7821833
on the interaction between single chain fv antibodies and bacterial immunoglobulin-binding proteins.	using four bacterial immunoglobulin-binding proteins, we have analyzed the binding characteristics of a panel of 34 human single chain fv antibodies, expressed in e. coli and with known specificity and sequence. several of the single chain fv antibodies showed affinity for staphylococcal protein a and peptostreptococcal protein l, but not for the streptococcal proteins g or h. the affinity of the binding was higher for protein l (4.5 and 1.4 x 10(9) m-1) than for protein a (7.7 and 6.7 x 10(8) m ...	1994	7822821
[susceptibility of strict anaerobic bacteria to antibiotics in france: a multicenter study].	during 1992, the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of 462 anaerobic bacteria was performed in 7 hospitals, by the reference agar dilution method. among the 222 bacteroides fragilis group strains, only one bacteroides fragilis strain was resistant to imipenem and all bêtalactams, even combined with bêtalactamase-inhibitors while metronidazole resistance could not be detected. one major outer membrane protein (probably a porin) was lacking in some of the six amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistant ...	1994	7824321
in vitro activity of du-6859a against anaerobic bacteria.	the activity of a new quinolone agent, du-6859a, against 330 strains of anaerobic bacteria was determined by using the national committee for clinical laboratory standards-approved wadsworth brucella laked blood agar method; the activity of du-6859a was compared with those of amoxicillin-clavulanate (2:1), chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, fleroxacin, imipenem, lomefloxacin, metronidazole, sparfloxacin, and temafloxacin. du-6859a and chloramphenicol inhibited all of the isolates at co ...	1994	7840599
increased in vitro activity of ceftriaxone by addition of tazobactam against clinical isolates of anaerobes.	a total of 461 clinical strains of anaerobes were tested using a broth microdilution test to determine the activity of the combination of ceftriaxone and tazobactam and other antimicrobials against these isolates. ceftriaxone was combined with tazobactam in ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, and 8:1 and twofold dilutions of ceftriaxone in constant concentrations to tazobactam of 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 micrograms/ml. against beta-lactamase-producing strains of the bacteroides fragilis group, b. capillosus, an ...	1994	7851086
microbiota of rapidly progressive periodontitis lesions in association with clinical parameters.	the microbial population in 73 rapidly progressive periodontitis (rpp) lesions in 10 young adults aged 25 to 35 years (5 males, 5 females) was studied in relation to the clinical parameters probing depth, bleeding on probing, and suppuration, which were recorded at the sampled sites. porphyromonas gingivalis was found to predominate (26.7%) in 73 periodontal lesions with clinical probing depth > 6 mm, followed by bacteroides forsythus (23.6%), and prevotella intermedia (15.7%). the prevalence of ...	1994	7853132
peptostreptococcal infection in children.	680 peptostreptococcus sp. (ps) were recovered from 598 (34%) of 1,750 specimens obtained from 554 patients. they included 103 ps asaccharolyticus, 74 ps magnus, 56 ps prevotii, 51 ps micros, 46 ps anaerobius, 11 ps morbilorum, and 10 ps saccharolyticus. most infections were polymicrobial (in 553 instances or 92%) but in 45 (8%), ps were recovered in pure culture. most ps were isolated from abscesses (237), ears (104), peritoneal fluid (95), lung infections (66), bone (30) and sinuses (24). pred ...	1994	7855547
bacteriological study of bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised hosts.	sixty bronchoalveolar lavage samples collected from lung cancer patients attending the pulmonary tuberculosis and chest diseases unit of the kasturba medical college hospital, manipal; were cultured for both the aerobic and anaerobic organisms. fifty nine samples yielded bacteria in pure culture. pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.8%) was the commonest aerobe, peptostreptococcus was the commonest anaerobe (45.2%) isolated. bacteroides fragilis was isolated in (23.8%) of cases. gentamycin was found to be ...	1994	7868174
the gingival immune response to periodontal pathogens in juvenile periodontitis.	a gingival explant culture system was utilized to evaluate the reactivity of local immunoglobulins produced by juvenile periodontitis tissue. gingival explant culture supernatant fluids were screened, via a standardized dot-immunobinding assay, for antibodies reactive to: actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, peptostreptococcus micros, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, capnocytophaga ochracea, eubacterium no ...	1994	7870467
major methodology-dependent discordant susceptibility results for bacteroides fragilis group isolates but not other anaerobes.	two standardized susceptibility test methods, a broth microdilution (bmd) and agar dilution (ad) method were performed on a total of 441 clinical isolates of anaerobes with ceftizoxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefoxitin, piperacillin, and metronidazole. against the 339 strains of the bacteroides fragilis group bmd minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values were lower than those from ad testing for all the beta-lactams. overall for the b. fragilis group and the beta-lactams, the mode mic valu ...	1994	7874880
positive and negative associations between bacterial species in dental root canals.	significant associations have been previously reported between certain pairs of bacterial species isolated from human dental root canals. the aim of this study was to examine microbiologically a more extensive series of cases, with particular reference to obligate anaerobes which accounted for 64% of total isolations. a total of 65 different species was isolated and individual root canals yielded a maximum of eleven bacterial species. highly significant positive associations (p < 0.001) were fou ...	1994	7700162
evaluation of the etest for antimicrobial spectrum and potency determinations of anaerobes associated with bacterial vaginosis and peritonitis.	one hundred ninety-seven anaerobic organisms (24 gardnerella vaginalis, 16 mobiluncus spp., 19 peptostreptococcus spp., 20 lactobacillus spp., 20 prevotella bivia/disiens, 81 bacteroides fragilis group, 12 clostridium spp., and five fusobacterium spp.) were processed by the etest (ab biodisk, solna, sweden) and a reference (brucella blood agar) method against 10 antimicrobial agents. for the bacterial vaginosis-associated pathogens, the etest was more reproducible and correlated acceptably with ...	1994	7705035
associations of specific bacteria with some endodontic signs and symptoms.	although a wide range of bacterial species has been isolated from infected dental root canals it remains necessary to determine whether any particular group of such bacteria is associated with specific endodontic symptoms and clinical signs. in this study 30 root canals were examined microbiologically; of these, 14 were associated with pain, 20 with tenderness to percussion, 23 presented with wet root canals, seven with swelling, five with purulent exudate and four with a sinus. clinical and mic ...	1994	7751061
impaired bactericidal activity of pmn from two brothers with necrotizing ulcerative gingivo-periodontitis.	the purpose of this study was to investigate the pathogenesis of necrotizing ulcerative gingivo-periodontitis (anup) diagnosed in two brothers, age 9 (anup1) and 14 (anup2) from rural egypt. complete blood count, differential and blood chemistry were within normal limits for both brothers and they were not malnourished. the phagocytosis and killing function of their polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) towards four bacterial species were assessed using a fluorochrome microassay. the selection of b ...	1994	8195981
bacterial endocarditis in patients with chronic liver disease.	although patients with cirrhosis have an increased susceptibility for bacterial infections, endocarditis complicating cirrhosis has been reported only infrequently. in this study, our objective was to determine whether, bacterial endocarditis is, in fact, a complicating factor in cirrhosis.	1994	8198106
[antimicrobial activities of cefuroxime against recent clinical isolates].	antimicrobial activity of cefuroxime axetil (cxm-ax) was compared with those of other cephem antibiotics against clinically isolated strains obtained mainly from outpatients of our center in a period from january to september of 1990 and 1993. minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined and the following results were obtained. 1. the results suggested that, compared with reports of studies conducted with clinical isolates in early 1980's, mic80 of cxm were equal to or lower against staphyl ...	1994	8201767
in vitro antibacterial activity of fk037, a new parenteral broad-spectrum cephalosporin, against recent clinical isolates in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology.	the antibacterial activity of a new parenteral cephalosporin, fk037 was assessed against recent aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from patients in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology during the period between january 1992 and june 1993. the mics of fk037 for 90% of the clinical isolates tested were 0.10 microgram/ml for escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae, 0.20 microgram/ml for streptococcus agalactiae, 0.39 microgram/ml for gardnerella vaginalis, 0.78 microgram/ml for staphyloco ...	1994	8205934
[anaerobic respiratory infection--evaluation of methods of obtaining specimens].	anaerobic cultures were performed on various kinds of specimens obtained from 67 patients with respiratory infections. the infections consisted of 33 cases of pneumonia, 14 cases of lung abscess, 6 cases of pyothorax, 9 cases of chronic lower respiratory tract infection, and 5 cases of infection of pulmonary cyst. specimens included bronchoscopic specimens obtained using a single tube or protected catheter brush (pcb), transtracheal aspirate, percutaneous lung aspirate, aspirate using a suction ...	1994	8207291
piperacillin and tazobactam versus clindamycin and gentamicin in the treatment of hospitalized women with pelvic infection. the piperacillin/tazobactam study group.	to compare the efficacy and safety of a combination of piperacillin and tazobactam with that of clindamycin and gentamicin in the treatment of hospitalized women with infections of the upper genital tract.	1994	8290195
penicillin g and penicillin g-tinidazole treatment of experimentally induced summer mastitis--effect on elimination rates of bacteria and outcome of the disease.	two udder hind quarters of ten pregnant heifers were inoculated experimentally with a combination of actinomyces pyogenes, peptostreptococcus indolicus and fusobacterium necrophorum at a dose of 9 x 10(8) colony forming units (cfu) of each species of bacteria. the development of aerobic-anaerobic mastitis was followed-up clinically and through analysis of udder secretion samples. all heifers developed acute clinical mastitis. thick, purulent secretions with foul odour were already present 24 h a ...	1994	9133056
[right-sided infective endocarditis with ventricular septal defect].	two patients underwent surgical treatment for right-sided infective endocarditis with ventricular septal defect. in both cases, blood cultures showed peptostreptococcus, and the operation was performed at non-active phase after antibiotics therapy. the case 1 was a 7-year-old girl who was observed a vegetation on the chorda of the anterior paillary muscle by echocardiography. the defect was directly closed and the vegetation was excised. the case 2 was 22-year-old female who had been diagnosed o ...	1994	9423075
anaerobic bacteria in orofacial abscesses.	obligate anaerobic bacteria were cultured from 15 orofacial abscesses. bacteroides species constituted 43 per cent, clostridium 21 per cent, fusobacterium 14 per cent, peptostreptococci 11 per cent, peptococci 7 per cent and veillonella 4 per cent of the isolates. this study confirms the polymicrobial nature of orofacial infections. sensitivity to antibiotics was unpredictable. clostridium difficile, clostridium tetani, peptostreptococcus productus and veillonella parvula showed resistance to so ...	1993	9508939
[multiple hepatic-splenic abscesses. a favorable result with antibiotic treatment].	the authors report a case of multiple and spleen pyogenic abscesses caused by peptostreptococcus spp., in a patient who recently underwent laparotomy due to duodenal perforation. he was successfully treated by means of intensive and extended antibiotherapy. we would like to stress the importance of an early and etiological diagnosis performed by percutaneous puncture and bacteriological study, in order to start a selective antibiotherapy. other therapeutical possibilities are discussed.	1993	8292440
[clinical study of anaerobic respiratory infection].	this clinical study involved 35 cases, anaerobic bacteria were detected by tta (transtracheal aspiration) or percutaneous lung aspiration, or pleural puncture. these cases were treated over the last 8 years in our department. there were 9 empyema, 9 pneumonitis, 5 lung abscess, 1 necrotizing pneumonia and 11 chronic lower airway infection. in 13 cases (37%), anaerobic bacteria alone were detected, whereas both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria were observed in the other 22 cases (63%). of all bacte ...	1993	8315301
[studies on the locality and the function of spirosome in bacterial cells: relationship between the production of spirosome and anaerobic glycolysis].	the locality and the function of spirosome were studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and electron microscopy in peptostreptococcus productus, clostridium sp. hd-17, lactobacillus fermentum, eubacterium aerofaciens and escherichia cali b. when the bacterial cells in phosphate buffered saline were disrupted by sonication and fractionated by differential centrifugation, the spirosome protein was found in the cytoplasmic fraction and not in the fraction of ...	1993	8315808
recent taxonomic changes for anaerobic gram-positive and selected gram-negative organisms.	the strains formerly classified as streptococcus anginosus or "streptococcus milleri" have now been recognized as three distinct species, streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus constellatus, and streptococcus intermedius. streptococcus morbillorum has been transferred into the genus gemella. four new species within the genus peptostreptococcus were recently named. a recent addition to the genus clostridium is clostridium argentinense, which includes clostridium botulinum type g. two new species ...	1993	8324113
anaerobic bacterial infections of the lung and pleural space.	in 193 reviewed cases of pleuropulmonary infections involving anaerobic bacteria, the predominant clinical syndromes were aspiration pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema. most patients had an indolent infection with tissue necrosis (abscess or bronchopulmonary fistula) at initial presentation. nevertheless, many had a more fulminant disease course resembling that of pneumococcal pneumonia. transtracheal aspiration was the procedure most commonly used to obtain uncontaminated specimens for anaero ...	1993	8324127
bacteriology of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections: preliminary report.	a retrospective bacteriologic study of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections diagnosed at the wadsworth veterans affairs medical center between 1976 and 1991 was performed. there were 116 specimens from 110 patients. available strains were reexamined using the latest tests and taxonomic schemes. pleural fluid was believed to provide the most reliable specimen; cultures yielded an average of 3.0 anaerobes and 0.6 nonanaerobes per specimen. the most commonly encountered anaerobes were pigmented pre ...	1993	8324128
the normal vaginal flora, h2o2-producing lactobacilli, and bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women.	in this study of the vaginal flora of 171 pregnant women in labor at term, the flora was categorized as normal (lactobacillus predominant), intermediate, or representative of bacterial vaginosis (bv) on the basis of a vaginal smear. bv was diagnosed in 39 women (23%); the vaginal flora was classified as normal in 50% of cases and as intermediate in 27%. h2o2-producing lactobacilli were recovered from 5% of women with bv, 37% of those with an intermediate flora, and 61% of those with a normal flo ...	1993	8324131
bacteriologic findings in peritonsillar abscesses in young adults.	aspirated pus samples from 124 patients with peritonsillar abscess were cultured quantitatively for aerobes and anaerobes. a total of 98% of the samples yielded bacteria. of the 550 isolates obtained (mean, 4.4 per patient), 143 were aerobes (representing 16 species or groups) and 407 were anaerobes (representing 40 species or groups). aerobes were isolated from 86% of patients-alone in 20 cases and together with anaerobes in 87. the most common aerobic isolates were streptococcus pyogenes (isol ...	1993	8324134
peritonsillar abscess, retropharyngeal abscess, mediastinitis, and nonclostridial anaerobic myonecrosis: a case report.	peritonsillar abscess is a potentially life-threatening complication of acute tonsillitis. on occasion, peritonsillar abscess can extend to neck spaces and/or to the mediastinum. we describe a case of a patient with a peritonsillar abscess that extended to the neck, producing bilateral retropharyngeal abscesses and myonecrosis of the strap muscles. culture of a specimen of the necrotic muscle yielded prevotella intermedia, prevotella buccae, lactobacillus catenaforme, another lactobacillus speci ...	1993	8324135
oral and dental infections with anaerobic bacteria: clinical features, predominant pathogens, and treatment.	microbial populations colonizing the teeth are a major source of pathogens responsible for oral and dental infections, including periodontal diseases, gingivitis, pericoronitis, endodontitis, peri-implantitis, and postextraction infections. each entity has distinct clinical and microbial features. bacterial species associated with oral infections include actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, bacteroides forsythus, campylobacter rectus, eubacterium ...	1993	8324136
[actinomycosis infection of the cerebellum].	the case is presented of a 37-year-old male with a cerebellar abscess due to actinomyces israelii. the patient was admitted after dental surgery because of fever and symptoms indicative of raised, intracranial pressure. no abnormalities were detected in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid. ct scan revealed a space-occupying lesion in the left cerebellar hemisphere with perifocal oedema and occlusive hydrocephalus. after emergency external ventriculostomy complete removal of the mass was ach ...	1993	8333207
[a case of empty sella syndrome and pan-hypopituitarism associated with acute suppurative paranasal sinusitis].		1993	8340667
l-serine and l-threonine dehydratase from clostridium propionicum. two enzymes with different prosthetic groups.	l-serine dehydratase from the gram-positive bacterium peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus is novel in the group of enzymes deaminating 2-hydroxyamino acids in that it is an iron-sulfur protein and lacks pyridoxal phosphate [grabowski, r. and buckel, w. (1991) eur. j. biochem. 199, 89-94]. it was proposed that this type of l-serine dehydratase is widespread among bacteria but has escaped intensive characterization due to its oxygen lability. here, we present evidence that another gram-positive ba ...	1993	8344301
the microbiology of bacterial vaginosis.	a group of microorganisms are present concurrently in high concentrations in the vaginas of women with bacterial vaginosis. the major members of the group are gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobic gram-negative rods belonging to the genera prevotella, porphyromonas and bacteroides, peptostreptococcus species, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and often mobiluncus species. facultative species of lactobacillus are present in lower concentrations and are less prevalent in bacterial vaginosis t ...	1993	8357043
lung abscess: analysis of 66 cases from 1979 to 1991.	sixty-six patients with bacterial lung abscess were treated between 1979 and 1991 in our hospital. among these patients, death occurred in one of the 42 cases of community-acquired infection (mortality rate: 2.4%) and in 16 of the 24 cases of nosocomial infection (mortality rate: 66.7%). of all 66 cases, 55 were culture-positive, and the etiologic agents isolated from 24 of the culture-positive cases were found to be anaerobic bacteria. the most common aerobes isolated from the foci were identif ...	1993	8358116
purification of antibodies using protein l-binding framework structures in the light chain variable domain.	protein l from the bacterial species peptostreptococcus magnus binds specifically to the variable domain of ig light chains, without interfering with the antigen-binding site. in this work a genetically engineered fragment of protein l, including four of the repeated ig-binding repeat units, was employed for the purification of ig from various sources. thus, igg, igm, and iga were purified from human and mouse serum in a single step using protein l-sepharose affinity chromatography. moreover, hu ...	1993	8360508
the influence of race and gender on periodontal microflora.	previous studies have demonstrated that demographic characteristics of subject populations influence both the incidence of periodontal diseases and various aspects of host responses to periodontal bacteria. in this study we analyzed the components of the subgingival microflora from individuals with adult periodontitis, early onset periodontitis, gingivitis, and periodontal health as a function of gender and race (black and white). clinical categories were analyzed individually so that there were ...	1993	8387107
case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 43-1993. a 71-year-old woman with confusion, hemianopia, and an occipital mass.		1993	8413415
role of anaerobic bacteria in liver abscesses in children.	aspirates from pyogenic liver abscesses obtained from 14 children were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. of 29 organisms that were recovered, 17 were anaerobic and 12 were aerobic or facultative. the predominant organisms were peptostreptococcus spp. (5 isolates). bacteroides fragilis group (4), fusobacterium spp. (3) and staphylococcus aureus (4). aerobic or facultative bacteria only were recovered in five cases, anaerobic bacteria only in four and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteri ...	1993	8414802
sub-gingival microflora in macaca mulatta species of rhesus monkey.	the macaca mulatta species of rhesus monkey is one of several non-human primate (nhp) models for periodontal disease. this report presents the bacteriology of the gingival sulci in m. mulatta monkeys. three sub-gingival sites (maxillary right central incisor, the disto-buccal of the mandibular left second molar and mesio-buccal of the mandibular right second molar) of 9 monkeys were evaluated clinically before scaling and 7 days after scaling. plaque samples were obtained from sub-gingival sites ...	1993	8426283
phylogeny of the ammonia-producing ruminal bacteria peptostreptococcus anaerobius, clostridium sticklandii, and clostridium aminophilum sp. nov.	in previous studies, gram-positive bacteria which grew rapidly with peptides or an amino acid as the sole energy source were isolated from bovine rumina. three isolates, strains c, ft (t = type strain), and sr, were considered to be ecologically important since they produced up to 20-fold more ammonia than other ammonia-producing ruminal bacteria. on the basis of phenotypic criteria, the taxonomic position of these new isolates was uncertain. in this study, the 16s rrna sequences of these isolat ...	1993	8427801
contemporary management of deep infections of the neck.	odontogenic infections rarely lead to involvement of the lateral and retropharyngeal spaces. when this does occur, the microbiology of the infection is similar to the typical odontogenic infection, ie, streptococcus and oral anaerobes including peptostreptococcus, bacteroides, and fusobacterium. there is an increased incidence of fusobacterium seen in the more severe infections, as well as a higher incidence of streptococcus milleri. many patients who have deep cervical infections also have some ...	1993	8445462
metabolism of safflor yellow b by human intestinal bacteria.		1993	8450320
a review of commonly prescribed oral antibiotics in general dentistry.	the microflora associated with odontogenic infections are typically mixed and of indigenous origin. streptococcus, peptostreptococcus, peptococcus, fusobacterium, bacteroides, and actinomyces species are the principle microflora isolated from these infections. penicillin v (phenoxymethyl penicillin) remains the antimicrobial of choice for the initial empirical treatment of odontogenic infections. this agent is safe, highly effective and inexpensive. amoxicillin has little indication for the rout ...	1993	8453530
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of t-3761, a new quinolone derivative.	t-3761, a new quinolone derivative, showed broad and potent antibacterial activity. its mics for 90% of the strains tested were 0.20 to 100 micrograms/ml against gram-positive bacteria, including members of the genera staphylococcus, streptococcus, and enterococcus; 0.025 to 3.13 micrograms/ml against gram-negative bacteria, including members of the family enterobacteriaceae and the genus haemophilus; 0.05 to 50 micrograms/ml against glucose nonfermenters, including members of the genera pseudom ...	1993	8460909
proton nuclear magnetic resonance sequential assignments and secondary structure of an immunoglobulin light chain-binding domain of protein l.	the 1h nmr assignments have been made for the immunoglobulin (ig) light chain-binding b1 domain of protein l from peptostreptococcus magnus. the secondary structure elements and the global folding pattern were determined from nuclear overhauser effects, backbone coupling constants, and slowly exchanging amide protons. the b1 domain was found to be folded into a globular unit of 61 amino acid residues, preceded by a 15 amino acid long disordered n-terminus. the folded portion of the molecule cont ...	1993	8461301
microbial composition and pattern of antibiotic resistance in subgingival microbial samples from patients with refractory periodontitis.	a series of 993 subgingival microbial samples sent to a diagnostic microbiology laboratory included 196 samples that could be identified as compatible with a clinical diagnosis of refractory or recurrent periodontitis. in descending order of prevalence the associated microbiota included bacteroides forsythus (84%), spirochetes (83%), motile rods (76%), fusobacterium species (68%), porphyromonas gingivalis (63%), campylobacter rectus (47%), capnocytophaga species (38%), prevotella intermedia (23% ...	1993	8463936
intrapleural streptokinase in experimental empyema.	intrapleural streptokinase has been used in multiloculated empyemas to enhance pleural space drainage, presumably by causing fibrinolysis of the interlocular septae. we evaluated the efficacy and safety of daily administration of 10,000 u intrapleural streptokinase or equal volumes of saline to enhance resolution of experimental empyema in the rabbit pleural space. seventy-two hours after intrapleural turpentine, 10(8) colony-forming units each of escherichia coli, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, ...	1993	8466134
on the interaction between protein l and immunoglobulins of various mammalian species.	protein l, a cell wall molecule of certain strains of the anaerobic bacterial species peptostreptococcus magnus, shows high affinity for human immunoglobulin (ig) light chains. in the present study protein l was tested against a panel of human myeloma proteins of the igg, igm, iga and ige classes, and strong binding was seen with antibodies carrying kappa light chains. a high degree of specificity for ig was demonstrated in binding experiments with human plasma proteins. apart from human ig, str ...	1993	8469922
[recent bacteriologic data: from physiopathology to treatment].	bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a change in the vaginal ecosystem in which lactobacillus spp, the dominant members of the normal flora, are replaced by an association of various bacterial species including gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobes (bacteroides spp, prevotella spp, porphyromonas spp, peptostreptococcus spp and mobiluncus spp) and mycoplasma hominis. the reasons for this imbalance are unknown, although the loss of lactobacilli that produce hydrogen peroxide (which is toxic for g. v ...	1993	8484089
spinal epidural abscess: unusual ct and microbiologic findings.	the incidence of spinal epidural abscess is increasing. its expeditious diagnosis is essential if treatment is to be effective. the authors present a case in which both the computed tomography appearance and the microbiologic observations were unusual.	1993	8504337
do infected inguinal lymph nodes increase the incidence of postoperative groin wound infection?	risk factors for postoperative wound infection in patients undergoing vascular surgery may include age, comorbid conditions, wound classification, use of prosthetic grafts, and repeat operations. groin incisions, in particular, pose substantial risk during placement of prosthetic grafts.	1993	8505786
antibacterial activity of oral antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria.	the spectrum and the antibacterial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to oral antibiotics isolated from clinical specimens was assessed in two different centres, the first receiving specimens from university departments and the second from general practitioners and small hospitals. susceptibility was studied with a microtiter ready-to-use panel system, using the manufacturer's modified wilkins-chalgren's broth as the test medium for the following antibiotics: ampicillin, ampicillin+sulbactam, ...	1993	8508686
peptostreptococcus micros has a uniquely high capacity to form hydrogen sulfide from glutathione.	there are high amounts of hydrogen sulfide in deep periodontal pockets. this volatile sulfur compound may be formed from l-cysteine, but only low levels of this amino acid can be expected to be present in periodontal pockets. glutathione, l-gamma-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine, is in high concentration in most tissue cells, and this tripeptide may be more readily available as a source of hydrogen sulfide formation in the pockets. the ability of 37 different species of oral bacteria to utilize gluta ...	1993	8510983
[bacteriological and clinical studies in 23 cases of thoracic empyema--the role of oral streptococci and anaerobes].	the bacteriology of empyema fluid and the clinical background of 23 cases from july 1987 through july 1992 were studied. nineteen cases were male and 4 female, with a mean age of 59.6 years (range; 33 to 84 y.o.). there were 15 cases of community-acquired infection and 8 of nosocomial infection. acute pneumonia and/or lung abscess developed into empyema in 19 cases. sixteen cases had associated predisposing conditions, such as diabetes, chronic bronchitis, disorders with dysphagia, and excess al ...	1993	8515622
infected epidermoid cyst of the sphenoid bone.	an infected epidermoid cyst presented on ct as a primarily dense, sclerotic expansile lesion in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. presumably, infection was responsible for the atypical appearance.	1993	8517372
in vitro activity of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin, against anaerobic bacteria.	the activity of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin, was compared with those of cefpirome, ceftazidime, and flomoxef against 322 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria. a fastidious facultative anaerobe, gardnerella vaginalis, was also studied. fk037 inhibited 90% of isolates of peptostreptococcus anaerobius, peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, clostridium perfringens, mobiluncus spp., g. vaginalis, and porphyromonas gingivalis at < or = 0.78 micrograms/ml. the mics of fk037 for 50 an ...	1993	8517721
black-pigmented gram-negative anaerobes in endodontic infections.	necrotic dental root canal infections are polymicrobial infections dominated by anaerobic bacteria. the number of different species in one canal is usually low, approx. 4-7 species. the species isolated most frequently belong to the genera prevotella, porphyromonas, fusobacterium, peptostreptococcus, eubacterium and streptococcus. the frequency of isolation of black-pigmented gram-negative anaerobes in endodontic infections varies from 25% to > 50%. pr. intermedia is the most commonly found pigm ...	1993	8518758
trypsin-dependent production of an antibacterial substance by a human peptostreptococcus strain in gnotobiotic rats and in vitro.	an antibacterial substance appeared within 1 day in feces of gnotobiotic rats harboring a human intestinal peptostreptococcus strain. it disappeared when the rat bile-pancreatic duct was ligatured or when the rats ingested a trypsin inhibitor. anaerobic cultures of the peptostreptococcus strain in a medium supplemented with trypsin also exhibited an antibacterial activity, which was also inhibited by the trypsin inhibitor. in vitro the antibacterial substance from both feces and culture medium w ...	1993	8215361
[cytotoxicity of anaerobic bacteria isolated from infected root canal].	bacteria in the infected root canal play an important role in the progression of the periapical lesion. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of bacteria isolated from an infected root canal on the periapical lesion. four obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated and their sonic extracts (se) were prepared. the cytotoxic assay of each se for mc3t3-e1 cell was used with respect to the morphological cell changes and [3h]-thymidine uptake. the following results ...	1993	8228523
epidural spinal abscess containing gas: mri demonstration.		1993	8232872
cleavages of the o- and c-glucosyl bonds of anthrone and 10,10'-bianthrone derivatives by human intestinal bacteria.	a strictly anaerobic bacterium, bifidobacterium sp. sen, capable of hydrolyzing the o-glucosyl of sennosides was isolated from human feces. the bacterium stepwisely hydrolyzed sennoside b to sennidin b through sennidin-8-monoglucoside in pyf medium but not in gam broth. addition of d-glucose to pyf medium resulted in loss of the hydrolyzing activity in culture but addition of d-fructose did not affect the activity. coculture of this bacterium with peptostreptococcus intermedius led to rapid accu ...	1993	8234419
bacterial l-serine dehydratases: a new family of enzymes containing iron-sulfur clusters.	two families of enzymes are described which catalyse identical chemical reactions but differ in their prosthetic groups and hence in their mechanism of action. one family, the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (plp)-dependent l-threonine dehydratases, also use l-serine as substrate. the other, hitherto unrecognized family is the iron-dependent, highly specific bacterial l-serine dehydratases. it has been shown that l-serine dehydratase from the anaerobic bacterium peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus contai ...	1993	8236444
description of two morphotypes of peptostreptococcus micros.	peptostreptococcus micros is often isolated from abscesses in several parts of the human body. the oral cavity is considered the natural habitat for the species, which has been implicated as a periodontal pathogen. in plaque samples from periodontitis patients we observed the presence of a rough morphotype of p. micros in addition to the previously recognized smooth morphotype. the rough morphotype has not been described previously. both morphotypes are frequently isolated simultaneously from th ...	1993	8240959
[study of obligate anaerobic bacterial sensitivity to tinidazole and metronidazole (determination of minimal inhibiting concentration--mic)].	comparative susceptibility testing of 428 strains of obligate anaerobic bacteria belonging to genera propionibacterium, arachnia, actinomyces, bacteroides, prevotella, porphyromonas, anaerorhabdus, fibrobacter, fusobacterium, peptostreptococcus and clostridium to metronidazole and tinidazole was performed. the study of the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria was carried out by the method of serial dilution in brucella agar according to finegold and sutter (1972). strains of b. fragilis species, ...	1993	8249400
antimicrobial activity of dv-7751a, a new fluoroquinolone.	we compared the in vitro antibacterial activity of dv-7751a against gram-positive and -negative bacteria with those of quinolones currently available. mics for 90% of the strains tested (mic90s) against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis were 0.20, 0.39, 0.20, and 0.78 micrograms/ml, respectively. moreover, mic50s for dv-7751a against ofloxacin-resistant methicillin-resistant s. aureus were 4-, 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-fol ...	1993	8257132
[the role anaerobes in dermatitis digitalis et interdigitalis in cattle].	altogether 52 tissue samples and swabs from the corium of the claw of diseased cattle were investigated. microbiological examinations revealed the presence of 11 strictly anaerobic bacterial strains that belonged to the species peptococcus asacharolyticus, pc. sacharolyticus, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, bacteroides asacharolyticus and b. melaninogenicus. the remaining isolates were classified as bacteroides, fusobacterium, streptococcus and clostridium. in the above-mentioned strains observat ...	1993	8259638
role of suspected periodontopathogens in microbiological monitoring of periodontitis.	periodontal disease is the clinical result of a complex interaction between the host and plaque bacteria. although a specificity to some degree is found for actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in localized juvenile periodontitis (ljp), it has been difficult to obtain evidence for a specific etiological role of the bacteria associated with periodontal disease in adults. what we see is the net result of host-parasite interactions which in an unpredictable moment accumulate and exceed the threshol ...	1993	8260004
microbiology of the pericoronal pouch in mandibular third molar pericoronitis.	the microorganisms associated with mandibular third molar pericoronitis were investigated using direct microscopy and anaerobic culture method. the pericoronal pouch was sampled with paper points in a) 8 patients without mandibular third molar pericoronitis and b) 6 patients with mandibular third molar pericoronitis. under the microscope, the microflora was found to be a complex mixture comprising gram-positive and gram-negative cocci, rods and filaments (including fusiform and curved rods), mot ...	1993	8265205
anaerobic infection in chronic maxillary sinusitis.	1) ten per cent of cases of chronic maxillary sinusitis in a series of 50 cases treated in the ent department of dayanand medical college, ludhiana, were caused by anaerobic infection. 2) the causative anaerobic micro-organisms encountered were peptostreptococcus and clostridium species. 3) treatment should, therefore, include metronidazole, especially in those cases refractory to conventional antibiotic therapy.	1993	8270303