Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
antibacterial activity of eravacycline (tp-434), a novel fluorocycline, against hospital and community pathogens.eravacycline (tp-434 or 7-fluoro-9-pyrrolidinoacetamido-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline) is a novel fluorocycline that was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against panels of recently isolated aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. eravacycline showed potent broad-spectrum activity against 90% of the isolates (mic90) in each panel at concentrations ranging from ≤0.008 to 2 μg/ml for all species panels except those of pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cenocepacia ...201323979750
possible involvement of human bocavirus 1 in the death of a middle-aged immunosuppressed patient.an immunosuppressed 61-year-old man went to the hospital with fever, nonproductive cough, and increasing shortness of breath. the subject died 8 days later of respiratory complications. pcr of respiratory samples as well as a blood sample revealed exceptionally high dna levels of the emerging pathogen, human bocavirus 1 (hbov1), a recently found pathogen associated with respiratory symptoms in young children. we describe the clinical progression of the case and discuss the potential role of hbov ...201323903541
investigational antimicrobial agents of 2013.new antimicrobial agents are always needed to counteract the resistant pathogens that continue to be selected by current therapeutic regimens. this review provides a survey of known antimicrobial agents that were currently in clinical development in the fall of 2012 and spring of 2013. data were collected from published literature primarily from 2010 to 2012, meeting abstracts (2011 to 2012), government websites, and company websites when appropriate. compared to what was reported in previous su ...201324092856
time to intubation is associated with outcome in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.it has been suggested that delayed intensive care unit (icu) transfer is associated with increased mortality for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). however, icu admission policies and patient epidemiology vary widely across the world depending on local hospital practices and organizational constraints. we hypothesized that the time from the onset of cap symptoms to invasive mechanical ventilation could be a relevant prognostic factor.201324069367
bacterial profile, antibiotic sensitivity and resistance of lower respiratory tract infections in upper egypt.lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) account for a considerable proportion of morbidity and antibiotic use. we aimed to identify the causative bacteria, antibiotic sensitivity and resistance of hospitalized adult patients due to lrti in upper egypt.201324106606
antimicrobial activity of the pleuromutilin antibiotic bc-3781 against bacterial pathogens isolated in the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program in 2010.bc-3781 is a novel semisynthetic pleuromutilin antibiotic inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. bc-3781 has completed a phase 2 clinical trial in acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (absssi). its antibacterial spectrum additionally covers the predominant pathogens causing community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (cabp). in this study, the antibacterial activity of bc-3781 was evaluated against a contemporary collection of 10,035 bacterial isolates predominately causing absssi and ...201323836172
evaluation of yield of currently available diagnostics by sample type to optimize detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with a community-acquired pneumonia.for the detection of respiratory pathogens, the sampling strategy may influence the diagnostic yield. ideally, samples from the lower respiratory tract are collected, but they are difficult to obtain.201323957707
evaluation of yield of currently available diagnostics by sample type to optimize detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with a community-acquired pneumonia.for the detection of respiratory pathogens, the sampling strategy may influence the diagnostic yield. ideally, samples from the lower respiratory tract are collected, but they are difficult to obtain.201323957707
the biology of neisseria adhesins.members of the genus neisseria include pathogens causing important human diseases such as meningitis, septicaemia, gonorrhoea and pelvic inflammatory disease syndrome. neisseriae are found on the exposed epithelia of the upper respiratory tract and the urogenital tract. colonisation of these exposed epithelia is dependent on a repertoire of diverse bacterial molecules, extending not only from the surface of the bacteria but also found within the outer membrane. during invasive disease, pathogeni ...201324833056
a cost effective real-time pcr for the detection of adenovirus from viral swabs.compared to traditional testing strategies, nucleic acid amplification tests such as real-time pcr offer many advantages for the detection of human adenoviruses. however, commercial assays are expensive and cost prohibitive for many clinical laboratories. to overcome fiscal challenges, a cost effective strategy was developed using a combination of homogenization and heat treatment with an "in-house" real-time pcr. in 196 swabs submitted for adenovirus detection, this crude extraction method show ...201323758993
randomized, double-blind, multicenter phase 2 study comparing the efficacy and safety of oral solithromycin (cem-101) to those of oral levofloxacin in the treatment of patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.solithromycin, a new macrolide, and the first fluoroketolide in clinical development, with activity against macrolide-resistant bacteria, was tested in 132 patients with moderate to moderately severe community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (cabp) in a multicenter, double-blind, randomized phase 2 study. patients were enrolled and randomized (1:1) to either 800 mg solithromycin orally (po) on day 1, followed by 400 mg po daily on days 2 to 5, or 750 mg levofloxacin po daily on days 1 to 5. efficac ...201323507282
prevention of respiratory tract infections with bacterial lysate om-85 bronchomunal in children and adults: a state of the art.respiratory tract infections (rtis) are a leading cause of morbidity and also represent a cause of death in some parts of the world. the treatment of rtis implies a continuous search for stronger therapies and represents an economical burden for health services and society. in this context the prevention of infections is absolutely required. the use of bacterial lysates as immuno-modulators to boost immunological response is widely debated. aim of this review is to summarize the main clinical st ...201323692890
phase ii clinical study of bc-3781, a pleuromutilin antibiotic, in treatment of patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections.this study investigated the potential of the novel systemic pleuromutilin antibiotic bc-3781 to treat patients with an acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (absssi) caused by a gram-positive pathogen. patients were randomized to intravenous bc-3781 100 mg, bc-3781 150 mg, or vancomycin 1 g every 12 h. response to treatment was assessed daily and at test of cure (toc). the primary endpoint was the clinical success rate at toc in the modified intent-to-treat (mitt) and clinically eval ...201323422913
dynamics of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in the acute and subacute phase of legionnaires' disease.absolute lymphocytopenia is recognised as an important hallmark of the immune response to severe infection and observed in patients with legionnaires' disease. to explore the immune response, we studied the dynamics of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in the acute and subacute phase of ld.201323646123
aetiology of paediatric pneumonia after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.we describe the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (pcv) programme in 2006. prospective studies were conducted in 2001-2002 (pre-vaccine) and 2009-2011 (post-vaccine) of children aged 0-16 years with radiologically confirmed pneumonia seen in hospital. investigations included culture, serology, immunofluorescence antibody and urine antigen testing, with an increased use of pcr assays and expanded panel ...201323598951
secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (sesi-ms) breathprinting of multiple bacterial lung pathogens, a mouse model study.bacterial pneumonia is one of the leading causes of disease-related morbidity and mortality in the world, in part because the diagnostic tools for pneumonia are slow and ineffective. to improve the diagnosis success rates and treatment outcomes for bacterial lung infections, we are exploring the use of secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (sesi-ms) breath analysis as a rapid, noninvasive method for determining the etiology of lung infections in situ. using a murine lung infection ...201323519230
etiology and outcome of severe community acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent adults.community acquired pneumonia (cap) is a commonly encountered disease, one third of which is severe community acquired pneumonia (scap) that can be potentially fatal. there is a paucity of data on etiology and outcome of patients with scap in south asian population.201323425298
the microbiome of the middle meatus in healthy adults.rhinitis and rhinosinusitis are multifactorial disease processes in which bacteria may play a role either in infection or stimulation of the inflammatory process. rhinosinusitis has been historically studied with culture-based techniques, which have implicated several common pathogens in disease states. more recently, the nih human microbiome project has examined the microbiome at a number of accessible body sites, and demonstrated differences among healthy and diseased patients. recent dna-base ...201324386477
moraxella catarrhalis uses a twin-arginine translocation system to secrete the β-lactamase bro-2.moraxella catarrhalis is a human-specific gram-negative bacterium readily isolated from the respiratory tract of healthy individuals. the organism also causes significant health problems, including 15-20% of otitis media cases in children and ~10% of respiratory infections in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the lack of an efficacious vaccine, the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates, and high carriage rates reported in children are cause for concern. v ...201323782650
role of transition metal exporters in virulence: the example of neisseria meningitidis.transition metals such as iron, manganese, and zinc are essential micronutrients for bacteria. however, at high concentration, they can generate non-functional proteins or toxic compounds. metal metabolism is therefore regulated to prevent shortage or overload, both of which can impair cell survival. in addition, equilibrium among these metals has to be tightly controlled to avoid molecular replacement in the active site of enzymes. bacteria must actively maintain intracellular metal concentrati ...201324392357
phenotypic, immunologic, and clinical characteristics of patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in korea.this study aimed to elucidate the phenotypic, immunologic, and clinical characteristics of korean patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) lung disease and compare them with non-ntm bronchiectasis (be) patients.201324274658
characterization of the molecular interplay between moraxella catarrhalis and human respiratory tract epithelial cells.moraxella catarrhalis is a mucosal pathogen that causes childhood otitis media and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. during the course of infection, m. catarrhalis needs to adhere to epithelial cells of different host niches such as the nasopharynx and lungs, and consequently, efficient adhesion to epithelial cells is considered an important virulence trait of m. catarrhalis. by using tn-seq, a genome-wide negative selection screenings technology, we identified 15 ...201323936538
inhaled, dual release liposomal ciprofloxacin in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (orbit-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.the delivery of antipseudomonal antibiotics by inhalation to pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected subjects with non-cystic fibrosis (cf) bronchiectasis is a logical extension of treatment strategies successfully developed in cf bronchiectasis. dual release ciprofloxacin for inhalation (drcfi) contains liposomal ciprofloxacin, formulated to optimise airway antibiotic delivery.201323681906
biophysical model of bacterial cell interactions with nanopatterned cicada wing surfaces.the nanopattern on the surface of clanger cicada (psaltoda claripennis) wings represents the first example of a new class of biomaterials that can kill bacteria on contact based solely on their physical surface structure. the wings provide a model for the development of novel functional surfaces that possess an increased resistance to bacterial contamination and infection. we propose a biophysical model of the interactions between bacterial cells and cicada wing surface structures, and show that ...201323442962
pipeline of known chemical classes of antibiotics.many approaches are used to discover new antibiotic compounds, one of the most widespread being the chemical modification of known antibiotics. this type of discovery has been so important in the development of new antibiotics that most antibiotics used today belong to the same chemical classes as antibiotics discovered in the 1950s and 1960s. even though the discovery of new classes of antibiotics is urgently needed, the chemical modification of antibiotics in known classes is still widely used ...201327029317
inhaled colistin for treatment of pneumonia due to colistin-only-susceptible acinetobacter baumannii.colistin is used for the treatment of pneumonia associated with multidrug- resistant acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa. however, the best route of administration and dosage is not known. we report our experience with aerosolized colistin in twelve patients with pneumonia caused by colistin-only-susceptible (cos) a. baumannii.201324339296
inhaled colistin for treatment of pneumonia due to colistin-only-susceptible acinetobacter baumannii.colistin is used for the treatment of pneumonia associated with multidrug- resistant acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa. however, the best route of administration and dosage is not known. we report our experience with aerosolized colistin in twelve patients with pneumonia caused by colistin-only-susceptible (cos) a. baumannii.201324339296
proteinaceous determinants of surface colonization in bacteria: bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation from a protein secretion perspective.bacterial colonization of biotic or abiotic surfaces results from two quite distinct physiological processes, namely bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. broadly speaking, a biofilm is defined as the sessile development of microbial cells. biofilm formation arises following bacterial adhesion but not all single bacterial cells adhering reversibly or irreversibly engage inexorably into a sessile mode of growth. among molecular determinants promoting bacterial colonization, surface proteins a ...201324133488
primary immunodeficiency diseases at reference and high-specialty hospitals in the state of guanajuato, mexico.in general, primary immunodeficiency diseases (pids) are underdiagnosed in most countries. the objective of this study was to describe the frequency and clinical spectrum of pid in the most important tertiary hospitals in our region.201324073395
new antibiotics for bad bugs: where are we?bacterial resistance to antibiotics is growing up day by day in both community and hospital setting, with a significant impact on the mortality and morbidity rates and the financial burden that is associated. in the last two decades multi drug resistant microorganisms (both hospital- and community-acquired) challenged the scientific groups into developing new antimicrobial compounds that can provide safety in use according to the new regulation, good efficacy patterns, and low resistance profile ...201323984642
prediction of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in patients with non-nosocomial pneumonia.methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is recognized as an important cause of not only hospital acquired pneumonia, but also non-nosocomial pneumonia. however, the risk factors for non-nosocomial mrsa pneumonia are not clearly defined. our objective was to identify risk factors at admission that were associated with non-nosocomial mrsa pneumonia.201323937553
analysis of cftr gene variants in idiopathic bronchiectasis in serbian children.this study has investigated a potential role of common cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) gene variants in the etiology of noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in serbian children. the study has encompassed 48 patients (19 male and 29 female, aged between 5 and 18 years, median age 10.6±3.3), diagnosed with idiopathic bronchiectasis based on high-resolution computed tomography of thorax and pathologic examination of lobectomy materials. the cftr gene analysis was performed o ...201323781395
significance of anaerobes and oral bacteria in community-acquired pneumonia.molecular biological modalities with better detection rates have been applied to identify the bacteria causing infectious diseases. approximately 10-48% of bacterial pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia are not identified using conventional cultivation methods. this study evaluated the bacteriological causes of community-acquired pneumonia using a cultivation-independent clone library analysis of the 16s ribosomal rna gene of bronchoalveolar lavage specimens, and compared the results w ...201323671659
pcr-reverse blot hybridization assay for screening and identification of pathogens in sepsis.rapid and accurate identification of the pathogens involved in bloodstream infections is crucial for the prompt initiation of appropriate therapy, as this can decrease morbidity and mortality rates. a pcr-reverse blot hybridization assay for sepsis, the reverse blot hybridization assay (reba) sepsis-id test, was developed; it uses pan-probes to distinguish gram-positive and -negative bacteria and fungi. in addition, the assay was designed to identify bacteria and fungi using six genus-specific a ...201323447637
tricyclic gyrb/pare (tribe) inhibitors: a new class of broad-spectrum dual-targeting antibacterial agents.increasing resistance to every major class of antibiotics and a dearth of novel classes of antibacterial agents in development pipelines has created a dwindling reservoir of treatment options for serious bacterial infections. the bacterial type iia topoisomerases, dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv, are validated antibacterial drug targets with multiple prospective drug binding sites, including the catalytic site targeted by the fluoroquinolone antibiotics. however, growing resistance to fluoroquin ...201324386374
the btaf trimeric autotransporter of brucella suis is involved in attachment to various surfaces, resistance to serum and virulence.the adhesion of bacterial pathogens to host cells is an event that determines infection, and ultimately invasion and intracellular multiplication. several evidences have recently shown that this rule is also truth for the intracellular pathogen brucella. brucella suis displays the unipolar bmac and btae adhesins, which belong to the monomeric and trimeric autotransporter (ta) families, respectively. it was previously shown that these adhesins are involved in bacterial adhesion to host cells and ...201324236157
bacterial interference with canonical nfκb signalling.the human body is constantly challenged by a variety of commensal and pathogenic micro-organisms that trigger the immune system. central in the first line of defence is the pattern-recognition receptor (prr)-induced stimulation of the nfκb pathway, leading to nfκb activation. the subsequent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or antimicrobial peptides results in recruitment of professional phagocytes and bacterial clearance. to overcome this, bacteria have developed mechanisms for targe ...201323873783
the rna chaperone hfq promotes fitness of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae during porcine pleuropneumonia.actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, an economically important disease of pigs. the hfq gene in a. pleuropneumoniae, encoding the rna chaperone and posttranscriptional regulator hfq, is upregulated during infection of porcine lungs. to investigate the role of this in vivo-induced gene in a. pleuropneumoniae, an hfq mutant strain was constructed. the hfq mutant was defective in biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. the level of pgac transcript, enc ...201323732171
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry: a fundamental shift in the routine practice of clinical microbiology.within the past decade, clinical microbiology laboratories experienced revolutionary changes in the way in which microorganisms are identified, moving away from slow, traditional microbial identification algorithms toward rapid molecular methods and mass spectrometry (ms). historically, ms was clinically utilized as a high-complexity method adapted for protein-centered analysis of samples in chemistry and hematology laboratories. today, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight ...201323824373
global small rna chaperone hfq and regulatory small rnas are important virulence regulators in erwinia amylovora.hfq is a global small rna (srna) chaperone that interacts with hfq-regulated srnas and functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. in this work, we identified hfq to be a virulence regulator in the gram-negative fire blight pathogen erwinia amylovora. deletion of hfq in e. amylovora ea1189 significantly reduced bacterial virulence in both immature pear fruits and apple shoots. analysis of virulence determinants in strain ea1189δhfq showed that hfq exerts pleiotropic regul ...201323378513
btae, an adhesin that belongs to the trimeric autotransporter family, is required for full virulence and defines a specific adhesive pole of brucella suis.brucella is responsible for brucellosis, one of the most common zoonoses worldwide that causes important economic losses in several countries. increasing evidence indicates that adhesion of brucella spp. to host cells is an important step to establish infection. we have previously shown that the bmac unipolar monomeric autotransporter mediates the binding of brucella suis to host cells through cell-associated fibronectin. our genome analysis shows that the b. suis genome encodes several addition ...201323319562
where does neisseria acquire foreign dna from: an examination of the source of genomic and pathogenic islands and the evolution of the neisseria genus.pathogenicity islands (pais) or genomic islands (geis) are considered to be the result of a recent horizontal transfer. detecting pais/geis as well as their putative source can provide insight into the organism's pathogenicity within its host. previously we introduced a tool called s-plot which provides a visual representation of the variation in compositional properties across and between genomic sequences. utilizing s-plot and new functionality developed here, we examined 18 publicly available ...201324007216
a critical role for the ccca gene product, cytochrome c2, in diverting electrons from aerobic respiration to denitrification in neisseria gonorrhoeae.neisseria gonorrhoeae is a microaerophile that, when oxygen availability is limited, supplements aerobic respiration with a truncated denitrification pathway, nitrite reduction to nitrous oxide. we demonstrate that the ccca gene of neisseria gonorrhoeae strain f62 (accession number ng0292) is expressed, but the product, cytochrome c2, accumulates to only low levels. nevertheless, a ccca mutant reduced nitrite at about half the rate of the parent strain. we previously reported that cytochromes c4 ...201323543713
potential use of atlantic cod trypsin in biomedicine.surface proteins of viruses and bacteria used for cell attachment and invasion are candidates for degradation by proteases. trypsin from atlantic cod (gadus morhua) was previously demonstrated to have efficacy against influenza viruses in vitro and on skin. in this paper, cod trypsin is shown to be 3-12 times more effective in degrading large native proteins than its mesophilic analogue, bovine trypsin. this is in agreement with previous findings where cod trypsin was found to be the most active ...201323555095
rapid 16s rrna next-generation sequencing of polymicrobial clinical samples for diagnosis of complex bacterial infections.classifying individual bacterial species comprising complex, polymicrobial patient specimens remains a challenge for culture-based and molecular microbiology techniques in common clinical use. we therefore adapted practices from metagenomics research to rapidly catalog the bacterial composition of clinical specimens directly from patients, without need for prior culture. we have combined a semiconductor deep sequencing protocol that produces reads spanning 16s ribosomal rna gene variable regions ...201323734239
accurate identification of fastidious gram-negative rods: integration of both conventional phenotypic methods and 16s rrna gene analysis.accurate identification of fastidious gram-negative rods (gnr) by conventional phenotypic characteristics is a challenge for diagnostic microbiology. the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of molecular methods, e.g., 16s rrna gene sequence analysis for identification of fastidious gnr in the clinical microbiology laboratory.201323855986
characterization of a novel zinc transporter znua acquired by vibrio parahaemolyticus through horizontal gene transfer.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a clinically important foodborne pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis worldwide. it has been shown that horizontal gene transfer (hgt) contributes significantly to virulence development of v. parahaemolyticus. in this study, we identified a novel znua homolog (vpa1307) that belongs to a novel subfamily of znua, a bacterial zinc transporter. the vpa1307 gene is located upstream of the v. parahaemolyticus pathogenicity island (vp-pais) in both tdh-positive and trh- ...201324133656
competition for zinc binding in the host-pathogen interaction.due to its favorable chemical properties, zinc is used as a structural or catalytic cofactor in a very large number of proteins. despite the apparent abundance of this metal in all cell types, the intracellular pool of loosely bound zinc ions available for biological exchanges is in the picomolar range and nearly all zinc is tightly bound to proteins. in addition, to limit bacterial growth, some zinc-sequestering proteins are produced by eukaryotic hosts in response to infections. therefore, to ...201324400228
recognition of extracellular bacteria by nlrs and its role in the development of adaptive immunity.innate immune recognition of bacteria is the first requirement for mounting an effective immune response able to control infection. over the previous decade, the general paradigm was that extracellular bacteria were only sensed by cell surface-expressed toll-like receptors (tlrs), whereas cytoplasmic sensors, including members of the nod-like receptor (nlr) family, were specific to pathogens capable of breaching the host cell membrane. it has become apparent, however, that intracellular innate i ...201324155747
strategy for sensitive and specific detection of yersinia pestis in skeletons of the black death pandemic.yersinia pestis has been identified as the causative agent of the black death pandemic in the 14(th) century. however, retrospective diagnostics in human skeletons after more than 600 years are critical. we describe a strategy following a modern diagnostic algorithm and working under strict ancient dna regime for the identification of medieval human plague victims. an initial screening and dna quantification assay detected the y. pestis specific pla gene of the high copy number plasmid ppcp1. re ...201324069445
broad-spectrum biosensor capable of detecting and identifying diverse bacterial and candida species in blood.we describe an assay which uses broad-spectrum, conserved-site pcr paired with mass spectrometry analysis of amplicons (pcr/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry [esi-ms]) to detect and identify diverse bacterial and candida species in uncultured specimens. the performance of the assay was characterized using whole-blood samples spiked with low titers of 64 bacterial species and 6 candida species representing the breadth of coverage of the assay. the assay had an average limit of detection o ...201323761152
causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.the global burden of disease has shifted from communicable diseases in children to chronic diseases in adults. this epidemiologic shift varies greatly by region, but in europe, chronic conditions account for 86% of all deaths, 77% of the disease burden, and up to 80% of health care expenditures. a number of risk factors have been implicated in chronic diseases, such as exposure to infectious agents. a number of associations have been well established while others remain uncertain.201323935899
bacteria in the nose of young adults during wellness and rhinovirus colds: detection by culture and microarray methods in 100 nasal lavage specimens.patients  with  viral respiratory infections/viral rhinitis/common colds are often treated with antibiotic; however, there is little information on whether or how bacterial microbiota in the nose and nasopharynx might influence the course of viral illnesses.201323801660
comprehensive antigen screening identifies moraxella catarrhalis proteins that induce protection in a mouse pulmonary clearance model.moraxella catarrhalis is one of the three most common causative bacterial pathogens of otitis media, however no effective vaccine against m. catarrhalis has been developed so far. to identify m. catarrhalis vaccine candidate antigens, we used carefully selected sera from children with otitis media and healthy individuals to screen small-fragment genomic libraries that are expressed to display frame-selected peptides on a bacterial cell surface. this antigenome technology led to the identificatio ...201323671716
rapid pcr detection of mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and ureaplasma parvum.objective. we compared laboratory developed real-time pcr assays for detection of mycoplasma hominis and for detection and differentiation of ureaplasma urealyticum and parvum to culture using genitourinary specimens submitted for m. hominis and ureaplasma culture. methods. 283 genitourinary specimens received in the clinical bacteriology laboratory for m. hominis and ureaplasma species culture were evaluated. nucleic acids were extracted using the total nucleic acid kit on the magna pure 2.0. 5 ...201326904723
the k1 capsular polysaccharide from acinetobacter baumannii is a potential therapeutic target via passive immunization.the emergence of extremely resistant and panresistant gram-negative bacilli, such as acinetobacter baumannii, requires consideration of nonantimicrobial therapeutic approaches. the goal of this report was to evaluate the k1 capsular polysaccharide from a. baumannii as a passive immunization target. its structure was determined by a combination of mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) techniques. molecular mimics that might raise the concern for autoimmune disease were not ident ...201323297385
binding properties of treponema denticola lipooligosaccharide.the cell-surface lipooligosaccharide (los) of treponema denticola possesses several biological properties. the aim of this study was to investigate the binding properties of t. denticola los to extracellular matrix (ecm) proteins, mucosal cells, and oral bacteria.201324049558
lessons learned and unlearned in periodontal microbiology.periodontal diseases are initiated by bacterial species living in polymicrobial biofilms at or below the gingival margin and progress largely as a result of the inflammation elicited by specific subgingival species. in the past few decades, efforts to understand the periodontal microbiota have led to an exponential increase in information about biofilms associated with periodontal health and disease. in fact, the oral microbiota is one of the best-characterized microbiomes that colonize the huma ...201323574465
from in vitro to in vivo models of bacterial biofilm-related infections.the influence of microorganisms growing as sessile communities in a large number of human infections has been extensively studied and recognized for 30-40 years, therefore warranting intense scientific and medical research. nonetheless, mimicking the biofilm-life style of bacteria and biofilm-related infections has been an arduous task. models used to study biofilms range from simple in vitro to complex in vivo models of tissues or device-related infections. these different models have progressi ...201325437038
functional genes to assess nitrogen cycling and aromatic hydrocarbon degradation: primers and processing matter.targeting sequencing to genes involved in key environmental processes, i.e., ecofunctional genes, provides an opportunity to sample nature's gene guilds to greater depth and help link community structure to process-level outcomes. vastly different approaches have been implemented for sequence processing and, ultimately, for taxonomic placement of these gene reads. the overall quality of next generation sequence analysis of functional genes is dependent on multiple steps and assumptions of unknow ...201324062736
complement-mediated opsonization of invasive group a streptococcus pyogenes strain ap53 is regulated by the bacterial two-component cluster of virulence responder/sensor (covrs) system.group a streptococcus pyogenes (gas) strain ap53 is a primary isolate from a patient with necrotizing fasciitis. these ap53 cells contain an inactivating mutation in the sensor component of the cluster of virulence (cov) responder (r)/sensor (s) two-component gene regulatory system (covrs), which enhances the virulence of the primary strain, ap53/covr(+)s(-). however, specific mechanisms by which the covrs system regulates the survival of gas in humans are incomplete. here, we show a key role fo ...201323928307
protein selection and export via outer membrane vesicles.outer membrane vesicles (omvs) are constitutively produced by all gram-negative bacteria. omvs form when buds from the outer membrane (om) of cells encapsulate periplasmic material and pinch off from the om to form spheroid particles approximately 10 to 300nm in diameter. omvs accomplish a diversity of functional roles yet the omv's utility is ultimately determined by its unique composition. inclusion into omvs may impart a variety of benefits to the protein cargo, including: protection from pro ...201324370777
protein selection and export via outer membrane vesicles.outer membrane vesicles (omvs) are constitutively produced by all gram-negative bacteria. omvs form when buds from the outer membrane (om) of cells encapsulate periplasmic material and pinch off from the om to form spheroid particles approximately 10 to 300nm in diameter. omvs accomplish a diversity of functional roles yet the omv's utility is ultimately determined by its unique composition. inclusion into omvs may impart a variety of benefits to the protein cargo, including: protection from pro ...201324370777
a guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2013 recommendations by the infectious diseases society of america (idsa) and the american society for microbiology (asm)(a).the critical role of the microbiology laboratory in infectious disease diagnosis calls for a close, positive working relationship between the physician and the microbiologists who provide enormous value to the health care team. this document, developed by both laboratory and clinical experts, provides information on which tests are valuable and in which contexts, and on tests that add little or no value for diagnostic decisions. sections are divided into anatomic systems, including bloodstream i ...201323845951
group a streptococci are protected from amoxicillin-mediated killing by vesicles containing β-lactamase derived from haemophilus influenzae.group a streptococci (gas) cause, among other infections, pharyngotonsillitis in children. the species is frequently localized with the gram-negative respiratory pathogens non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and moraxella catarrhalis, which both produce outer membrane vesicles (omvs). the aim of this study was to investigate whether omvs isolated from nthi contain functional β-lactamase and whether the omvs hydrolyse amoxicillin and thus protect gas from killing by the antibiotic.201323912886
plasmid diversity in arctic strains of psychrobacter spp.six strains of psychrobacter spp. isolated from guano of little auks collected on spitsbergen island (arctic) carried nine plasmids that were fully sequenced. these replicons (ranging in size from 2917 to 14924 bp) contained either repa (cole2-type) or repb (iteron-type) replication systems of a relatively narrow host range, limited to psychrobacter spp. all but one of the plasmids carried predicted mobilization for conjugal transfer systems, encoding relaxases of the mobq, mobv or mobp families ...201323479249
spectrum and antimicrobial resistance of common pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mainland of china.bacteria-induced respiratory infection has been long considered to be the major cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd). therefore, a clear picture about the distribution and drug-resistance of pathogenic bacteria in the lower airways should be helpful for treatment of the disease. so far, data on this topic among chinese are lacking.201323786927
respiratory infections in eñepa amerindians are related to malnutrition and streptococcus pneumoniae carriage.high acute respiratory tract infection (arti) rates are observed in indigenous populations. we assessed the role of viral infections and nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in artis in eñepa amerindians from venezuela.201323796866
microbiological diagnosis and antibiotic therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and acute copd exacerbation in daily clinical practice: comparison to current guidelines.the aim of this secondary analysis was to evaluate current microbiological approaches, microbiology, and antibiotic therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) in clinical practice and to compare them with current international guidelines.201323564195
[spectrum of pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia in children].to investigate the spectrum of pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in children, and to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cap.201323336167
ceftaroline fosamil: a review of its use in the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections and community-acquired pneumonia.ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil (zinforo, teflaro), is an advanced-generation, parenteral cephalosporin with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity in vitro against gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and multidrug resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis, but not pseudomonas aeruginosa. ceftaroline has demonstrated a low potential ...201323801418
selective bactericidal activity of nanopatterned superhydrophobic cicada psaltoda claripennis wing surfaces.the nanopattern on the surface of clanger cicada (psaltoda claripennis) wings represents the first example of a new class of biomaterials that can kill bacteria on contact based solely on its physical surface structure. as such, they provide a model for the development of novel functional surfaces that possess an increased resistance to bacterial contamination and infection. their effectiveness against a wide spectrum of bacteria, however, is yet to be established. here, the bactericidal propert ...201323250225
[antibacterial activity for clinical isolates from pediatric patients of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (1: 14) -outcomes of special drug use investigation on antibacterial activity (annual changes)].as a special drug use investigation, we monitored and assessed trends in antibacterial activity of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (1:14) (hereafter, "cva/ampc (1:14)") and other antimicrobial agents for clinical isolates from pediatric patients with otitis media or respiratory, skin, and urinary tract infections. against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis isolated and identified from otorrhea, epipharynx and rhinorrhea of pediatric patients with otitis media, th ...201324167843
spectrum and potency of ceftaroline against leading pathogens causing community-acquired respiratory tract and skin and soft tissue infections in latin america, 2010.ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, is a cephalosporin with in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms, including methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus, β-haemolytic and viridans group streptococci, and streptococcus pneumoniae, as well as common gram-negative organisms. in this study a total of 986 isolates collected in 2010 from patients in 15 medical centers in five latin american countries from the assessing worldw ...201323916453
antimicrobial activity of prulifloxacin in comparison with other fluoroquinolones against community-acquired urinary and respiratory pathogens isolated in greece.prulifloxacin, the prodrug of ulifloxacin, is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone rather recently introduced in certain european countries. we compared the antimicrobial potency of ulifloxacin with that of other fluoroquinolones against common urinary and respiratory bacterial pathogens. the microbial isolates were prospectively collected between january 2007 and may 2008 from patients with community-acquired infections in greece. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined for ciprofl ...201323686506
antimicrobial activity of ceftaroline and comparator agents tested against bacterial isolates causing skin and soft tissue infections and community-acquired respiratory tract infections isolated from the asia-pacific region and south africa (2010).ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, is a cephalosporin with in vitro bactericidal activity against resistant gram-positive organisms including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and multidrug-resistant strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, and common gram-negative organisms, including wild-type enterobacteriaceae. we evaluated the in vitro activity of ceftaroline and selected comparator agents against bacterial isolates collected from patients wi ...201323535208
[in vitro activity of sitafloxacin against clinical isolates in 2012].in vitro activity of sitafloxacin (stfx) and various oral antimicrobial agents against bacterial isolates recovered from clinical specimens between january and december 2012, at different healthcare facilities in japan was evaluated. a total of 1,620 isolates including aerobic and anaerobic organisms were available for the susceptibility testing using the microbroth dilution methods recommended by clinical and laboratory standards institute. the minimum inhibitory concentration of stfx at which ...201324649797
otitis media: diagnosis and treatment.acute otitis media is diagnosed in patients with acute onset, presence of middle ear effusion, physical evidence of middle ear inflammation, and symptoms such as pain, irritability, or fever. acute otitis media is usually a complication of eustachian tube dysfunction that occurs during a viral upper respiratory tract infection. streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis are the most common organisms isolated from middle ear fluid. management of acute otitis media ...201324134083
fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of atp competitive dual targeting type ii topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.the discovery and optimization of a new class of bacterial topoisomerase (dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv) inhibitors binding in the atp domain are described. a fragment molecule, 1-ethyl-3-(2-pyridyl)urea, provided sufficiently potent enzyme inhibition (32 μm) to prompt further analogue work. acids and acid isosteres were incorporated at the 5-pyridyl position of this fragment, bridging to a key asparagine residue, improving enzyme inhibition, and leading to measurable antibacterial activity. a ...201324098982
increased risk of pneumonia and bronchiolitis after bacterial colonization of the airways as neonates.the frequency of pneumonia and bronchiolitis exhibits considerable variation in otherwise healthy children, and suspected risk factors explain only a minor proportion of the variation. we hypothesized that alterations in the airway microbiome in early life may be associated with susceptibility to pneumonia and bronchiolitis in young children.201324090102
genetic similarity between adenoid tissue and middle ear fluid isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis from iranian children with otitis media with effusion.otitis media with effusion (ome) is a common disease among children, in the pathogenesis of which bacterial infections play a critical role. it was suggested that adenoid tissue could serve as a reservoir for bacterial infection, the eustachian tubes being the migration routes of bacteria into the middle ear cavity. the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic similarity between isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis, obtained from adenoid ...201324080321
infectious etiology of acute exacerbations in severe copd patients.since the new gold guidelines were implemented no data have been published about the etiology of acute exacerbations (aecopd) in severe copd patients with a different frequency of annual episodes.201324055804
inhibition of otopathogenic biofilms by organoselenium-coated tympanostomy tubes.tube occlusion and post-tympanostomy tube otorrhea (ptto) are 2 major sequelae of tympanostomy tube placement. plugging negates the function of the tympanostomy tubes and, along with chronic ptto, can be financially burdensome owing to repeated surgical procedures and additional treatments.201324030785
effects of rhinovirus infection on nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization in infants with wild or variant types of mannose-binding lectin and toll-like receptors 3 and 4.development of respiratory tract infections is determined by interactions between viruses, bacteria, and the host innate immune response. we investigated the impact of natural rhinovirus infection on nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization in infants with or without gene polymorphisms of mannose-binding lectin (mbl) and toll-like receptors (tlrs) 3 and 4.201326619478
clinical manifestations and microbiology of acute otitis media with spontaneous otorrhea in children.in taiwan, clinical and microbiological data on acute otitis media (aom) with spontaneous otorrhea in children are limited.201323757372
microbiology of bacteria causing recurrent acute otitis media (aom) and aom treatment failure in young children in spain: shifting pathogens in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccination era.to prospectively identify the bacterial aetiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of problematic (recurrent and treatment failure) acute otitis media in spanish children several years after the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.201323746414
[microbial structure of acute bacterial conjunctivitis].microbiological investigation of 124 patients with acute conjunctivitis which were treated in one of tbilisi policlinics in 2010-12 years, was performed; microbial structure containing 124 microbial strains of different species was detected. namely, following species of microorganisms were isolated: s. aureus - 35 strains (28,2%), str. pneumoniae - 10 strains (8,1%), s. epidermidis - 6 strains (4,8%), ps. aeruginosa - 24 strains (19,4%), moraxella catarrhalis - 21 strains (16,9%), haemophilus in ...201323567301
genetic and functional evidence for a role for slc11a1 in susceptibility to otitis media in early childhood in a western australian population.otitis media (om) is a common disease in early childhood characterised by inflammation of the middle ear. susceptibility to recurrent acute om (raom; ≥3 episodes aom in 6 months) and chronic om with effusion (come; middle ear effusion ≥3 months) is 40-70% heritable. three bacterial pathogens commonly associated with om, streptococcus pneumoniae (sp), non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and moraxella catarrhalis (mc), have been observed within adenoids and as facultative intracellular path ...201323538334
pneumococcal acute otitis media in infants and children in central romania, 2009-2011: microbiological characteristics and potential coverage by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.to assess the epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of pneumococcal acute otitis media (aom) in children in brasov, central romania, before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv) into the routine national immunization program.201323522635
detection of multiple viral and bacterial infections in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pilot prospective study.few studies have evaluated the contribution of multiple virus and bacterial infections in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. this study estimated the burden of multiple viral and bacterial respiratory infections in moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients that were prospectively followed-up during a 12-month pilot study. clinical data were collected monthly and sputum was collected at the time of each acute exacerbation event. classical cul ...201323447038
pathogenic bacteria colonizing the airways in asymptomatic neonates stimulates topical inflammatory mediator release.bacterial colonization of neonatal airways with the pathogenic bacterial species, moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae, is associated with later development of childhood asthma.201323370914
microbial profiling does not differentiate between childhood recurrent acute otitis media and chronic otitis media with effusion.otitis media (om) is one of the most frequent diseases of childhood, with a minority of children suffering from recurrent acute otitis media (raom) or chronic otitis media with effusion (come), both of which are associated with significant morbidity. we investigated whether the microbiological profiling could be used to differentiate between these two conditions.201323369612
dynamics of nasopharyngeal bacterial colonisation in hiv-exposed young infants in tanzania.to estimate the prevalence of nasopharyngeal bacterial colonisation (npbc) patterns in young tanzanian hiv-exposed infants and to analyse the influence of maternal npbc and of the infant's hiv status on the npbc pattern.201323320622
novel topoisomerase inhibitors: microbiological characterisation and in vivo efficacy of pyrimidines.pyrimidine compounds were identified as inhibitors of dna topoisomerase iv through high-throughput screening. this study was designed to exemplify the in vitro activity of the pyrimidines against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, to reveal the mode of action of these compounds and to demonstrate their in vivo efficacy. frequencies of resistance to pyrimidines among staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae were <10(-10) at four times their minimum inhibitory concentrations ...201323305654
respiratory viral infections among children with community-acquired pneumonia and pleural effusion.pleural effusion (pe), a complication of community-acquired pneumonia (cap), is usually attributed to a bacterial infection. nonetheless, viral infections have not been investigated routinely. we searched for bacterial and viral infections among 277 children hospitalized with cap. among these children 206 (74%) had radiographic confirmation, of whom 25 (12%) had pe. the aetiology was established in 18 (72%) pe cases: bacterial (n = 5; 28%), viral (n = 9; 50%), and viral-bacterial (n = 4; 22%) in ...201323286738
a single-step polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection and differentiation of nontypeable and serotypeable haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae.the critically high prevalence of bacterial otitis media worldwide has prompted a proper disease management. while vaccine development for otitis media is promising, the reliable and effective methods for diagnosis of such etiologic agents are of importance.201323245490
[susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (2006)].from october 2006 to september 2007, we collected the specimen from 356 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 14 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. of 414 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in infection, 407 strains were examined. the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus aureus 64, streptococcus pneumoniae 96, ...201324649798
[acute otitis media: prevalence of ear pathogens in patients at a public hospital].acute otitis media (aom) is one of the most common diseases in childhood and is the most common cause of antibiotic prescriptions in children. the gold standard for identifying the pathogens causing aom is tympanocentesis. this is only possible in the stage of aom when exudate is retained in the middle ear. the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of organisms causing aom in eutrophic patients at a public paediatric hospital.201322858160
massilia sp. isolated from otitis media.common bacterial pathogens of otitis media include haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, alpha-hemolytic streptococci, and group a streptococci. we recently isolated a gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium from a patient with otitis media following tympanocentesis. 16s rrna gene sequence similarity studies of effusion identified this strain (ccug 43427at) as massilia sp. (99.7%). massilia spp. have ...201323211666
spectrum and potency of ceftaroline tested against leading pathogens causing community-acquired respiratory tract infections in europe (2010).ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, is a novel cephalosporin exhibiting in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms, including streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus, as well as common gram-negative organisms. the objective of this study was to determine the spectrum and potency of ceftaroline against recent leading pathogens causing community-acquired respiratory tract infections (carti) iso ...201323146404
Refresh
firstprev
...11121314151617181920...
nextlast
Displaying items 1201 - 1300 of 5747