Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| evaluation of local drug-delivery system containing 2% whole turmeric gel used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis: a clinical and microbiological study. | to compare the effect of experimental local-drug delivery system containing 2% whole turmeric (gel form) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp) with the effect achieved using srp alone by assessing their respective effects on plaque, gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing pocket depth, relative attachment levels and trypsin-like enzyme activity of "red complex" microorganisms, namely, bacteroides forsythus, porphvromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola. | 2011 | 21772719 |
| detection of periodontal markers in chronic periodontitis. | the aim was to compare the detection frequency of periodontopathogens by using the pado test 4.5 and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization technique in chronic periodontitis patients.thirty patients with chronic periodontitis were tested cross-sectionally with dna/rna oligogenomic probe method (iai pado test 4.5) and dna/dna whole genomic probe (checkerboard) method. samples were taken by two paper points at the deepest site in each of the four quadrants and pooled into one sample for each of the t ... | 2011 | 21769304 |
| characterization of novel ompa-like protein of leptospira interrogans that binds extracellular matrix molecules and plasminogen. | leptospira interrogans is the etiological agent of leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease of human and veterinary concern. the identification of novel proteins that mediate host-pathogen interactions is important for understanding the bacterial pathogenesis as well as to identify protective antigens that would help fight the disease. we describe in this work the cloning, expression, purification and characterization of three predicted leptospiral membrane proteins, lic10258, lic12880 (lp30) and lic12 ... | 2011 | 21755014 |
| getting the measure of syphilis: qpcr to better understand early infection. | objectives until recently, pcr had been used to detect but not quantify treponema pallidum. to understand infection kinetics of this uncultivable organism, a real-time pcr assay was developed to quantify 47 kda membrane lipoprotein gene dna (tpp47). methods assay specificity was determined against dna from humans, skin organisms and sexually transmitted pathogens. tpp47 dna (nichols strain) was used to construct a standard curve for t pallidum quantification. blood and ulcer samples were ... | 2011 | 21752804 |
| caloric restriction and chronic inflammatory diseases. | oral diseases (2011) a reduction in calorie intake [caloric restriction (cr)] appears to consistently decrease the biological rate of aging in a variety of organisms as well as protect against age-associated diseases including chronic inflammatory disorders such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. although the mechanisms behind this observation are not fully understood, identification of the main metabolic pathways affected by cr has generated interest in finding molecular targets that could ... | 2011 | 21749581 |
| caloric restriction and chronic inflammatory diseases. | oral diseases (2011) a reduction in calorie intake [caloric restriction (cr)] appears to consistently decrease the biological rate of aging in a variety of organisms as well as protect against age-associated diseases including chronic inflammatory disorders such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. although the mechanisms behind this observation are not fully understood, identification of the main metabolic pathways affected by cr has generated interest in finding molecular targets that could ... | 2011 | 21749581 |
| clinical and microbiological results 12 months after scaling and root planing with different irrigation solutions in patients with moderate chronic periodontitis ?a pilot randomized trial. | aim: the aim of this study was to determine in a randomized trial the impact on treatment outcome after 12 months of different subgingival irrigation solutions during scaling and root planing (srp). materials and methods: 51 adult volunteers with generalized chronic periodontitis were treated by full mouth srp using 0.9 % sodium chloride, 0.12 % chlorhexidine digluconate or 7.5 % povidone-iodine for subgingival irrigation during srp. prior to srp, after three and twelve months probing depth (pd) ... | 2011 | 21749169 |
| analysis of the peri-implant microbiota in 90 dental implants and its relationship to crevicular fluid volume. | objective: to evaluate the presence within the peri-implant sulcus of tannerela forsythia (tf), porphyromonas gingivales (pg), treponema denticola (td) and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa), and relate these bacteria to the peri-implant crevicular fluid volume (picfv). material and method: a prospective and cross-sectional clinical case series study was made. for the measurement of crevicular fluid, use was made of the periotron® 8000 (proflow incorporated. new york, usa), measuring the ... | 2011 | 21743411 |
| microbiologic changes in subgingival plaque before and during the early period of orthodontic treatment. | abstract objective: to evaluate changes in subgingival microbiota before and during the leveling and alignment orthodontic stage using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method. materials and methods: thirty orthodontic patients (17 females and 13 males; aged 16.7 -¦ 6.5-áy) were included in this study. subgingival microbial samples were taken from the disto-buccal gingival crevice of the left upper central incisors, the left lower central incisors, the mesio-buccal gingival crevice of the left ... | 2011 | 21827233 |
| [prevalence of helicobacter pylori detected by real-time pcr in the subgingival plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis]. | helicobacter pylori plays a significant role in gastric disease. the aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate the prevalence of h. pylori detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time pcr) in the sub-gingival plaque of chronic periodontitis patients and to determine periodontopathogens profile of positive sites at h. pylori. | 2011 | 21688602 |
| clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic factors of orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement. | the aim of this study was to investigate the microbiologic and immunologic factors related to orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement (ge). | 2011 | 21724088 |
| comparative genome analysis and genome-guided physiological analysis of roseobacter litoralis. | roseobacter litoralis och149, the type species of the genus, and roseobacter denitrificans och114 were the first described organisms of the roseobacter clade, an ecologically important group of marine bacteria. both species were isolated from seaweed and are able to perform aerobic anoxygenic photosynthesis. | 2011 | 21693016 |
| alzheimer's disease - a neurospirochetosis. analysis of the evidence following koch's and hill's criteria. | abstract: it is established that chronic spirochetal infection can cause slowly progressive dementia, brain atrophy and amyloid deposition in late neurosyphilis. recently it has been suggested that various types of spirochetes, in an analogous way to treponema pallidum, could cause dementia and may be involved in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad). here, we review all data available in the literature on the detection of spirochetes in ad and critically analyze the association and causa ... | 2011 | 21816039 |
| synergistic virulence of porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola in a murine periodontitis model. | chronic periodontitis is characterized by the destruction of the tissues supporting the teeth and has been associated with the presence of a subgingival polymicrobial biofilm containing porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola. we have investigated the potential synergistic virulence of p. gingivalis and t. denticola using a murine experimental model of periodontitis. an inoculation regime of four intra-oral doses of 1 +ù 10(10) p. gingivalis cells induced significant periodontal bone lo ... | 2011 | 21729244 |
| Simultaneous detection of periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque and placenta of women with hypertension in pregnancy. | BACKGROUND: There are many studies documenting increased prevalence of periodontal infection in women with preeclampsia. But, very few studies have attempted to establish causal relationship between the two. OBJECTIVE: To find out causal circumstantial evidence by isolating specific periodontal pathogens in oral and placental samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antenatal periodontal screening and subgingival plaque collection was carried out in ten women with hypertension in pregnancy and ten normot ... | 2011 | 21830010 |
| Isolation of bacterial extrachromosomal DNA from human dental plaque associated with periodontal disease, using transposon-aided capture (TRACA). | The human oral cavity is host to a complex microbial community estimated to comprise >700 bacterial species, of which at least half are thought to be not yet cultivable in vitro. To investigate the plasmids present in this community, we used a transposon-aided capture system, which allowed the isolation of plasmids from human oral supra- and subgingival plaque samples. Thirty-two novel plasmids and a circular molecule that could be an integrase-generated circular intermediate were isolated. | 2011 | 21711368 |
| filifactor alocis has virulence attributes that can enhance its persistence under oxidative stress conditions and mediate invasion of epithelial cells by porphyromonas gingivalis. | filifactor alocis, a gram-positive anaerobic rod, is one of the most abundant bacteria identified in the periodontal pockets of periodontitis patients. there is a gap in our understanding of its pathogenicity and ability to interact with other periodontal pathogens. to evaluate the virulence potential of f. alocis and its ability to interact with porphyromonas gingivalis w83, several clinical isolates of f. alocis were characterized. f. alocis showed nongingipain protease and sialidase activitie ... | 2011 | 21825062 |
| the rela/spot homolog (rsh) superfamily: distribution and functional evolution of ppgpp synthetases and hydrolases across the tree of life. | rela/spot homologue (rsh) proteins, named for their sequence similarity to the rela and spot enzymes of escherichia coli, comprise a superfamily of enzymes that synthesize and/or hydrolyze the alarmone ppgpp, activator of the "stringent" response and regulator of cellular metabolism. the classical "long" rshs rel, rela and spot with the ppgpp hydrolase, synthetase, tgs and act domain architecture have been found across diverse bacteria and plant chloroplasts, while dedicated single domain ppgpp- ... | 2011 | 21858139 |
| polymicrobial periodontal pathogen transcriptomes in calvarial bone and soft tissue. | porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia are consistently associated with adult periodontitis. this study sought to document the host transcriptome to a p. gingivalis, t. denticola, and t.forsythia challenge as a polymicrobial infection using a murine calvarial model of acute inflammation and bone resorption. mice were infected with p. gingivalis, t. denticola, and t. forsythia over the calvaria, after which the soft tissues and calvarial bones were excised. a muri ... | 2011 | 21896157 |
| deciphering morphological determinants of the helix-shaped leptospira. | leptospira spp. are thin, highly motile, slow-growing spirochetes that can be distinguished from other bacteria on the basis of their unique helical shape. defining the mechanisms by which these bacteria generate and maintain this atypical morphology should greatly enhance our understanding of the fundamental physiology of these pathogens. in this study, we showed that peptidoglycan sacculi from leptospira spp. retain the helical shape of intact cells. interestingly, the distribution of muropept ... | 2011 | 21926230 |
| distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16s pyrosequencing. | periodontitis has a polymicrobial etiology within the framework of a complex microbial ecosystem. with advances in sequencing technologies, comprehensive studies to elucidate bacterial community differences have recently become possible. we used 454 sequencing of 16s rrna genes to compare subgingival bacterial communities from 29 periodontally healthy controls and 29 subjects with chronic periodontitis. amplicons from both the v1-2 and v4 regions of the 16s gene were sequenced, yielding 1 393 57 ... | 2011 | 22170420 |
| distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16s pyrosequencing. | periodontitis has a polymicrobial etiology within the framework of a complex microbial ecosystem. with advances in sequencing technologies, comprehensive studies to elucidate bacterial community differences have recently become possible. we used 454 sequencing of 16s rrna genes to compare subgingival bacterial communities from 29 periodontally healthy controls and 29 subjects with chronic periodontitis. amplicons from both the v1-2 and v4 regions of the 16s gene were sequenced, yielding 1 393 57 ... | 2011 | 22170420 |
| Treponema denticola major outer sheath protein induces actin assembly at free barbed ends by a PIP2-dependent uncapping mechanism in fibroblasts. | The major outer sheath protein (Msp) of Treponema denticola perturbs actin dynamics in fibroblasts by inducing actin reorganization, including subcortical actin filament assembly, leading to defective calcium flux, diminished integrin engagement of collagen, and retarded cell migration. Yet, its mechanisms of action are unknown. We challenged Rat-2 fibroblasts with enriched native Msp. Msp activated the small GTPases Rac1, RhoA and Ras, but not Cdc42, yet only Rac1 localized to areas of actin re ... | 2011 | 21901132 |
| Filifactor alocis interactions with gingival epithelial cells. | An association between the gram-positive anaerobe Filifactor alocis and periodontal disease has recently emerged; however, possible pathogenic mechanisms have not been investigated. In this study we examined the responses of primary cultures of gingival epithelial cells (GECs) to infection with F. alocis. Secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a from GECs was stimulated by F. alocis infection. F. alocis also induced apoptosis in GECs t ... | 2011 | 22053964 |
| immune evasion strategies of porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis is strongly correlated with chronic periodontitis. its chronic persistence in the periodontium depends on its ability to evade host immunity without inhibiting the overall inflammatory response, which is actually beneficial for this and other periodontal bacteria. indeed, the inflammatory exudate (gingival crevicular fluid) is a source of essential nutrients, such as peptides and hemin-derived iron. in this review, i discuss how p. gingivalis can promote its adaptive fit ... | 2011 | 22162663 |
| identification of periodontal pathogens and severity of periodontitis in patients with and without chronic kidney disease. | in this study of patients with chronic periodontitis (cp), the severity of the disease and the main periodontal pathogens identified in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd) were compared with those detected in individuals without systemic disease. | 2011 | 21211789 |
| comparison of gingival crevicular fluid sampling methods in patients with severe chronic periodontitis. | the analysis of samplings from periodontal pockets is important in the diagnosis and therapy of periodontitis. in this study, three different sampling techniques were compared to determine whether one method yielded samples suitable for the reproducible and simultaneous determination of bacterial load, cytokines, neutrophil elastase, and arginine-specific gingipains (rgps). rgps are an important virulence factor of porphyromonas gingivalis, the exact concentration of which in gingival crevicular ... | 2011 | 21235330 |
| epigenetic regulation of human β-defensin 2 and cc chemokine ligand 20 expression in gingival epithelial cells in response to oral bacteria. | gingival epithelia utilize multiple signaling pathways to regulate innate immune responses to various oral bacteria, but little is understood about how these bacteria alter epithelial epigenetic status. in this study we report that dna methyltransferase (dnmt1) and histone deacetylase expression were decreased in gingival epithelial cells treated with oral pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis and nonpathogen fusobacterium nucleatum. pretreatment with trichostatin a and sodium butyrate, which increa ... | 2011 | 21248725 |
| prognosis of periodontitis recurrence after intensive periodontal treatment using examination of serum igg antibody titer against periodontal bacteria. | chronic periodontitis is associated with systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis. in this study, we evaluated the efficacy of serum igg antibody titer to periodontal bacteria for prognosis of periodontitis recurrence during supportive periodontal therapy (spt) phase. the 139 patients during spt phase were selected and divided to two groups as follows: "stable" and "recurrence" group at spt phase for case-control study: "high igg titer" and "normal igg titer" group before transition to spt phas ... | 2011 | 21254239 |
| a selenium-dependent xanthine dehydrogenase triggers biofilm proliferation in enterococcus faecalis through oxidant production. | selenium has been shown to be present as a labile cofactor in a small class of molybdenum hydroxylase enzymes in several species of clostridia that specialize in the fermentation of purines and pyrimidines. this labile cofactor is poorly understood, yet recent bioinformatic studies have suggested that enterococcus faecalis could serve as a model system to better understand the way in which this enzyme cofactor is built and the role of these metalloenzymes in the physiology of the organism. an mr ... | 2011 | 21257770 |
| molecular survey of atheromatous plaques for the presence of dna from periodontal bacterial pathogens, archaea and fungi. | chronic infections, such as periodontitis, have been associated with the development and progression of atherosclerosis. the mechanisms through which this occurs have yet to be elucidated. this study was carried out to detect periodontopathic bacteria as well as archaea and fungi in atheromatous plaques and search for factors associated with their occurrence in atheromas. | 2011 | 21261623 |
| polymicrobial infection with periodontal pathogens specifically enhances microrna mir-146a in apoe-/- mice during experimental periodontal disease. | porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia are periodontal pathogens associated with the etiology of adult periodontitis as polymicrobial infections. recent studies demonstrated that oral infection with p. gingivalis induces both periodontal disease and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic and proatherogenic apoe(-/-) mice. in this study, we explored the expression of micrornas (mirnas) in maxillas (periodontium) and spleens isolated from apoe(-/-) mice infected with p. ... | 2011 | 21263019 |
| a new highly conserved antibiotic sensing/resistance pathway in firmicutes involves an abc transporter interplaying with a signal transduction system. | signal transduction systems and abc transporters often contribute jointly to adaptive bacterial responses to environmental changes. in bacillus subtilis, three such pairs are involved in responses to antibiotics: bcersab, yvcpqrs and yxdjklm. they are characterized by a histidine kinase belonging to the intramembrane sensing kinase family and by a translocator possessing an unusually large extracytoplasmic loop. it was established here using a phylogenomic approach that systems of this kind are ... | 2011 | 21283517 |
| smoking and periodontal disease: discrimination of antibody responses to pathogenic and commensal oral bacteria. | smoking is an independent risk factor for the initiation, extent and severity of periodontal disease. this study examined the ability of the host immune system to discriminate commensal oral bacteria from pathogens at mucosal surfaces, i.e. oral cavity. serum immunoglobulin (ig)g antibody reactive with three pathogenic and five commensal oral bacteria in 301 current smokers (age range 21-66 years) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. clinical features of periodontal health were us ... | 2011 | 21303363 |
| mycoplasma mycoides, from "mycoides small colony" to "capri". a microevolutionary perspective. | the mycoplasma mycoides cluster consists of five species or subspecies that are ruminant pathogens. one subspecies, mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (mmmsc), is the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. its very close relative, mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc), is a more ubiquitous pathogen in small ruminants causing mastitis, arthritis, keratitis, pneumonia and septicaemia and is also found as saprophyte in the ear canal. to understand the genetics unde ... | 2011 | 21324191 |
| animal models for periodontal disease. | animal models and cell cultures have contributed new knowledge in biological sciences, including periodontology. although cultured cells can be used to study physiological processes that occur during the pathogenesis of periodontitis, the complex host response fundamentally responsible for this disease cannot be reproduced in vitro. among the animal kingdom, rodents, rabbits, pigs, dogs, and nonhuman primates have been used to model human periodontitis, each with advantages and disadvantages. pe ... | 2011 | 21331345 |
| beta-defensins: what are they really doing in the oral cavity? | oral diseases (2011) 17, 628-635 initially identified as broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides, the members of the ß-defensin family have increasingly been observed to exhibit numerous other activities, both in vitro and in vivo, that do not always relate directly to host defense. much research has been carried out in the oral cavity, where the presence of commensal bacteria further complicates the definition of their role. in addition to direct antimicrobial activity, ß-defensins exhibit potent ... | 2011 | 21332602 |
| short- and medium-chain fatty acids exhibit antimicrobial activity for oral microorganisms. | this study assessed the antibacterial activity of short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acids against various oral microorganisms. | 2011 | 21333271 |
| effect of teenage smoking on the prevalence of periodontal bacteria. | the aim of our study was to investigate how teenage smoking affects the prevalence of periodontal bacteria and periodontal health with the hypothesis that smoking increases the prevalence of the bacteria. oral health of 264 adolescents (15- to 16-year-olds) was clinically examined, and their smoking history was recorded. the participants also filled in a structured questionnaire recording their general health and health habits. pooled subgingival plaque samples were taken for polymerase chain re ... | 2011 | 21340603 |
| rna-oligonucleotide quantification technique (roqt) for the enumeration of uncultivated bacterial species in subgingival biofilms. | approximately 35% of the species present in subgingival biofilms are as yet uncultivated, so their role in periodontal pathogenesis is unknown. the aim of the present study was to develop a high throughput method to quantify a wide range of cultivated and uncultivated taxa in subgingival biofilm samples associated with periodontal disease or health. oligonucleotides targeting the 16s ribosomal dna gene were designed, synthesized and labeled with digoxigenin. these probes were hybridized with the ... | 2011 | 21375703 |
| comparison of real-time polymerase chain reaction and dna-strip technology in microbiological evaluation of periodontitis treatment. | the impact of a semiquantitative commercially available test based on dna-strip technology (microident®, hain lifescience, nehren, germany) on diagnosis and treatment of severe chronic periodontitis of 25 periodontitis patients was evaluated in comparison with a quantitative in-house real-time pcr. subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline as well as at 3, 6, and 12 months later. after extracting dna, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsyth ... | 2011 | 21146709 |
| association of red complex, a. actinomycetemcomitans and non-oral bacteria with periodontal diseases. | pathogens related to systemic infections have been detected in the periodontal microbiota. the relationship amongst these pathogens, periodontal bacteria and periodontal clinical status is poorly understood. this study evaluated the association amongst red complex, a. actinomycetemcomitans (a.a) and non-oral pathogenic bacteria in subjects with good periodontal health (ph), gingivitis (g), chronic (cp) and aggressive (ap) periodontitis. | 2011 | 21397893 |
| driving forces enable high-titer anaerobic 1-butanol synthesis in escherichia coli. | 1-butanol, an important chemical feedstock and advanced biofuel, is produced by clostridium species. various efforts have been made to transfer the clostridial 1-butanol pathway into other microorganisms. however, in contrast to similar compounds, only limited titers of 1-butanol were attained. in this work, we constructed a modified clostridial 1-butanol pathway in escherichia coli to provide an irreversible reaction catalyzed by trans-enoyl-coenzyme a (coa) reductase (ter) and created nadh and ... | 2011 | 21398484 |
| saliva/pathogen biomarker signatures and periodontal disease progression. | the purpose of this study was to determine the role of saliva-derived biomarkers and periodontal pathogens during periodontal disease progression (pdp). one hundred human participants were recruited into a 12-month investigation. they were seen bi-monthly for saliva and clinical measures and bi-annually for subtraction radiography, serum and plaque biofilm assessments. saliva and serum were analyzed with protein arrays for 14 pro-inflammatory and bone turnover markers, while qpcr was used for de ... | 2011 | 21406610 |
| clustering of subgingival microbial species in adolescents with periodontitis. | it has become increasingly recognized that groups of microorganisms interact within the subgingival plaque of adult subjects with periodontitis. it is much less clear, however, whether the consortia of microorganisms associated with periodontitis are different in early and more advanced cases of periodontitis. to investigate this point further, subgingival plaque was collected from six sites in 87 adolescents with periodontitis and 73 controls and the samples were analyzed for the detection of 1 ... | 2011 | 21410554 |
| new insights into the emerging role of oral spirochaetes in periodontal disease. | spirochaetes are prominent in the polymicrobial infections that cause periodontal diseases. periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the periodontium, characterized by proinflammatory soft tissue damage and alveolar bone loss. treponema denticola is the most well-understood oral spirochaete, expressing a wealth of virulence factors that mediate tissue penetration and destruction as well as evasion of host immune responses. this review focuses on emerging knowledge of virulence mechan ... | 2011 | 21414084 |
| hgp44 induces protection against porphyromonas gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss in mice. | the protective effect of dna vaccines expressing the arg-gingipain a domain against bone loss induced by porphyromonas gingivalis infection was investigated in a murine model. phgp44, which expresses the 44-kda adhesion/hemagglutinin domain of arg-gingipain a, prevented p. gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss. the results indicate that phgp44 could be a candidate antigen for a vaccine against p. gingivalis infection. | 2011 | 21430125 |
| ovine pedomics: the first study of the ovine foot 16s rrna-based microbiome. | we report the first study of the bacterial microbiome of ovine interdigital skin based on 16s rrna by pyrosequencing and conventional cloning with sanger-sequencing. three flocks were selected, one a flock with no signs of footrot or interdigital dermatitis, a second flock with interdigital dermatitis alone and a third flock with both interdigital dermatitis and footrot. the sheep were classified as having either healthy interdigital skin (h) and interdigital dermatitis (id) or virulent footrot ... | 2011 | 21430786 |
| a prospective cohort study of periodontal disease measures and cardiovascular disease markers in hiv-infected adults. | abstract the determinants of hiv-associated cardiovascular disease (cvd) are not well understood. periodontal disease (pd) has been linked to cvd but this connection has not been examined in hiv infection. we followed a cohort of hiv-infected adults to ascertain whether pd was associated with carotid artery intima media thickness (imt) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (fmd). we performed a longitudinal observational study of hiv-infected adults on haart for <2 years with no known heart ... | 2011 | 21443451 |
| molecular signaling mechanisms of the periopathogen, treponema denticola. | in the healthy subgingiva, oral treponemes account for a small percentage of the total bacteria. however, in diseased periodontal pockets, treponemes thrive and become a dominant component of the bacterial population. oral treponemes are uniquely adept at capitalizing on the environmental conditions that develop with periodontal disease. the molecular basis of adaptive responses of oral treponemes is just beginning to be investigated and defined. the completion of several treponeme genome sequen ... | 2011 | 21447698 |
| comparison of real-time pcr assays for detection of pathogenic leptospira spp. in blood and identification of variations in target sequences. | leptospirosis is considered an underdiagnosed disease. although several pcr-based methods are currently in use, there is little information on their comparability. in this study, four quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assays (sybr green and taqman chemistries) targeting the secy, lfb1, and lipl32 genes were evaluated as diagnostic assays. in our hands, these assays can detect between 10(2) and 10(3) bacteria/ml of pure culture, whole-blood, plasma, and serum samples. in three independent experim ... | 2011 | 21471336 |
| oral health behaviors, periodontal disease and pathogens in preeclampsia: a case-control study in korea. | background: the aim of this study was to confirm the association among oral health behaviors, periodontitis and preeclampsia in korean women. methods: this study was designed as a case-control study. sixteen preeclamptic and forty eight non-preeclamptic women after delivery were included in this study from november 2007 to january 2010. information on demographics, health behaviors, obstetric and systemic disease that may influence periodontal condition and preeclampsia was collected. full mouth ... | 2011 | 21486182 |
| microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development in the absence of oral hygiene in periodontal health and disease. | uzel ng, teles fr, teles rp, song xq, torresyap g, socransky ss, haffajee ad. microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development in the absence of oral hygiene in periodontal health and disease. j clin peridontol 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01730.x. abstract: aim: to monitor microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development. materials and methods: supra- and subgingival plaque samples were taken separately from 28 teeth in 38 healthy and 17 periodontitis subjects at baseline and i ... | 2011 | 21488936 |
| a novel approach in the use of subgingival controlled-release delivery of chlorhexidine in chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial. | background: we aimed to analyze clinical, microbiological, and serological effects of chlorhexidine (chx) chips used as subgingival controlled-release-delivery-device before and immediately after scaling and root-planing (srp). methods: 24 patients presenting with at least 12 teeth with ppd ≥5 mm and bop were assigned in test or control groups. after prophylaxis, chx chips (test) or placebo chips (control) were placed in pockets with ppd ≥5mm. ten days later srp was performed in all teeth with p ... | 2011 | 21491990 |
| gingival tissue transcriptomes in experimental gingivitis. | jönsson d, ramberg p, demmer rt, kebschull m, dahlén g, papapanou pn. gingival tissue transcriptomes in experimental gingivitis. j clin periodontol 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01719.x. abstract: aims: we investigated the sequential gene expression in the gingiva during the induction and resolution of experimental gingivitis. material and methods: twenty periodontally and systemically healthy non-smoking volunteers participated in a 3-week experimental gingivitis protocol, followed by deb ... | 2011 | 21501207 |
| viral-bacterial associations in acute apical abscesses. | objective: viral-bacterial and bacterial synergism have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of several human diseases. this study sought to investigate the possible associations between 9 candidate endodontic bacterial pathogens and 9 human viruses in samples from acute apical abscesses. study design: dna extracts from purulent exudate aspirates of 33 cases of acute apical abscess were surveyed for the presence of 9 selected bacterial species using a 16s ribosomal rna gene-based nes ... | 2011 | 21507684 |
| inhibition of host- and bacteria-derived proteinases by natural anthocyanins. | santos j, la vd, bergeron c, grenier d. inhibition of host- and bacteria-derived proteinases by natural anthocyanins. j periodont res 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01372.x. © 2011 john wiley & sons a/s background and objectives: host- and bacteria-derived proteinases are considered to play critical roles in periodontitis progression. this study investigated the ability of a blackcurrant extract and its major anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-o-glucoside, cyanidin-3-o-rutinoside and delphinidin-3-o ... | 2011 | 21517858 |
| effect of smoking on subgingival microflora of patients with periodontitis in japan. | smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis. to clarify the contribution of smoking to periodontitis, it is essential to assess the relationship between smoking and the subgingival microflora. the aim of this study was to gain an insight into the influence of smoking on the microflora of japanese patients with periodontitis. | 2011 | 21208407 |
| relationships among interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, adipokines, vitamin d, and chronic periodontitis. | the aim of this study is to explore relationships among serum adipokines, vitamin d, and clinical and microbial parameters of chronic periodontitis before and after treatment. | 2011 | 22181684 |
| relationships among interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, adipokines, vitamin d, and chronic periodontitis. | the aim of this study is to explore relationships among serum adipokines, vitamin d, and clinical and microbial parameters of chronic periodontitis before and after treatment. | 2011 | 22181684 |
| bacterial biogeography of the human digestive tract. | we present bacterial biogeography as sampled from the human gastrointestinal tract of four healthy subjects. this study generated >32 million paired-end sequences of bacterial 16s rrna genes (v3 region) representing >95,000 unique operational taxonomic units (otus; 97% similarity clusters), with >99% good's coverage for all samples. the highest otu richness and phylogenetic diversity was found in the mouth samples. the microbial communities of multiple biopsy sites within the colon were highly s ... | 2011 | 22355685 |
| neutrophils in periodontal inflammation. | neutrophils (also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes) are the most abundant leukocytes whose primary purpose as anti-microbial professional phagocytes is to kill extracellular pathogens. neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytic cell types that along with other cells effectively link the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response, and help promote inflammatory resolution and tissue healing. found extensively within the gingival crevice and epithelium, neutrophils are considered the key pr ... | 2011 | 22142957 |
| neutrophils in periodontal inflammation. | neutrophils (also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes) are the most abundant leukocytes whose primary purpose as anti-microbial professional phagocytes is to kill extracellular pathogens. neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytic cell types that along with other cells effectively link the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response, and help promote inflammatory resolution and tissue healing. found extensively within the gingival crevice and epithelium, neutrophils are considered the key pr ... | 2011 | 22142957 |
| the influence of micronutrients on oral and general health. | the aim of the present clinical pilot study was to examine the influence of a combination of micronutrients on individuals with high stress experience. | 2011 | 22027646 |
| stick to your gums: mechanisms of oral microbial adherence. | studies on the adherence properties of oral bacteria have been a major focus in microbiology research for several decades. the ability of bacteria to adhere to the variety of surfaces present in the oral cavity, and to become integrated within the resident microbial communities, confers growth and survival properties. molecular analyses have revealed several families of gram-positive bacterial surface proteins, including serine-rich repeat, antigen i/ii, and pilus families, that mediate adherenc ... | 2011 | 21335541 |
| comparative genomics evidence that only protein toxins are tagging bad bugs. | the term toxin was introduced by roux and yersin and describes macromolecular substances that, when produced during infection or when introduced parenterally or orally, cause an impairment of physiological functions that lead to disease or to the death of the infected organism. long after the discovery of toxins, early genetic studies on bacterial virulence demonstrated that removing a certain number of genes from pathogenic bacteria decreases their capacity to infect hosts. each of the removed ... | 2011 | 22919573 |
| saliva: a diagnostic biomarker of periodontal diseases. | early detection of disease plays a crucial role in successful therapy. early diagnosis and management reduces the severity and possible complications of the disease process. to overcome this challenge, medical researchers are devoted to finding molecular disease biomarkers that reveal a hidden lethal threat before the disease becomes complicated. saliva, an important physiologic fluid, containing a highly complex mixture of substances, is rapidly gaining popularity as a diagnostic tool. periodon ... | 2011 | 22368352 |
| epithelial interleukin-8 responses to oral bacterial biofilms. | an in vitro model of bacterial biofilms on rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (rgpls) was developed to challenge oral epithelial cells. this novel model provided seminal data on oral biofilm-host cell interactions, and with selected bacteria, the biofilms were more effective than their planktonic counterparts at stimulating host cell responses. | 2011 | 21832101 |
| translational and clinical applications of salivary diagnostics. | there have been significant advances in techniques for the detection of biomarker signals in the oral cavity (e.g., elisas for proteins, pcr for rna and dna) as well as the engineering and development of microfluidic approaches to make oral-based point-of-care (poc) methods for the diagnosis for both local and systemic conditions a reality. in this section, we focus on three such approaches, namely, periodontal disease management, early markers for systemic diseases, and salivary markers useful ... | 2011 | 21917748 |
| ros-mediated signalling in bacteria: zinc-containing cys-x-x-cys redox centres and iron-based oxidative stress. | bacteria are permanently in contact with reactive oxygen species (ros), both over the course of their life cycle as well that present in their environment. these species cause damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleotides, negatively impacting the organism. to detect these ros molecules and to stimulate the expression of proteins involved in antioxidative stress response, bacteria use a number of different protein-based regulatory and sensory systems. ros-based stress detection mechanisms induce p ... | 2011 | 21977318 |
| ros-mediated signalling in bacteria: zinc-containing cys-x-x-cys redox centres and iron-based oxidative stress. | bacteria are permanently in contact with reactive oxygen species (ros), both over the course of their life cycle as well that present in their environment. these species cause damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleotides, negatively impacting the organism. to detect these ros molecules and to stimulate the expression of proteins involved in antioxidative stress response, bacteria use a number of different protein-based regulatory and sensory systems. ros-based stress detection mechanisms induce p ... | 2011 | 21977318 |
| inflammasomes in cardiovascular diseases. | nod-like receptors (nlrs) constitute a recently identified family of macromolecules that participate in regulation of innate immune responses. to date, 23 members of the nlr family are identified in humans. diverse nlrs are stimulated by a broad range of pathogen- or danger-associated molecular patterns, and collectively function as intracellular pattern recognition receptors (prrs). the most studied inflammasomes are nlrp1 and nlrp3 that process inactive pro-caspase-1 to its active form, allowi ... | 2011 | 22254202 |
| periodontal disease and tooth loss as risks for cancer: a systematic review of the literature. | periodontal disease is a chronic destructive disease which occurs in adults, young people, and children. periodontal disease and periodontal pathogens have been associated with several systemic diseases and more recently, several studies have suggested the relationship between periodontal disease and cancer. studies with adjustment for the effect of smoking exposure, have found significant positive associations with different cancer sites. this review has outlined recent epidemiologic researches ... | 2011 | 26322197 |
| bacterial interactions in dental biofilm. | biofilms are masses of microorganisms that bind to and multiply on a solid surface, typically with a fluid bathing the microbes. the microorganisms that are not attached but are free floating in an aqueous environment are termed planktonic cells. traditionally, microbiology research has addressed results from planktonic bacterial cells. however, many recent studies have indicated that biofilms are the preferred form of growth of most microbes and particularly those of a pathogenic nature. biofil ... | 2011 | 21778817 |
| papillon-lefévre syndrome. | the goal of periodontal therapy has always been regeneration of the lost tissues. however, conventional periodontal therapy has not always been successful in achieving regeneration, especially when it is part of a syndrome. this case report involves a 13-year old male patient with the chief complaint of mobile teeth for over 3 months. his dental history revealed early loss of primary dentition, around 3-4 years of age and that he noticed mobility of permanent incisors and molars at 9-10 years. k ... | 2011 | 22144846 |
| measurement of peroxiredoxin activity. | peroxiredoxins are cysteine-dependent peroxidases that react with hydrogen peroxide, larger hydroperoxide substrates, and peroxynitrite. protocols are provided to measure prx activity with peroxide by (1) a coupled reaction with nadph, thioredoxin reductase, and thioredoxin, (2) the direct monitoring of thioredoxin oxidation, (3) competition with horseradish peroxidase, and (4) peroxide consumption using the fox assay. | 2011 | 21818753 |
| benzyl isothiocyanate, a major component from the roots of salvadora persica is highly active against gram-negative bacteria. | plants produce a number of antimicrobial substances and the roots of the shrub salvadora persica have been demonstrated to possess antimicrobial activity. sticks from the roots of s. persica, miswak sticks, have been used for centuries as a traditional method of cleaning teeth. diverging reports on the chemical nature and antimicrobial repertoire of the chewing sticks from s. persica led us to explore its antibacterial properties against a panel of pathogenic or commensal bacteria and to identif ... | 2011 | 21829688 |
| phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth: a review of the molecular, immune, and inflammatory features. | gingival overgrowth (go) is a side effect associated with some distinct classes of drugs, such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressant, and calcium channel blockers. go is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix in gingival connective tissues, particularly collagenous components, with varying degrees of inflammation. one of the main drugs associated with go is the antiepileptic phenytoin, which affects gingival tissues by altering extracellular matrix metabolism. nevertheless, th ... | 2011 | 21991476 |
| evaluation of two mouth rinses in reduction of oral malodor using a spectrophotometric technique. | various mouth rinses have been used in the treatment of halitosis, but most of the evidence for the efficacy of mouth rinses is anecdotal. in the present study, 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse and an essential oil mouth rinse are compared for their efficacy in reducing the breath mercaptan levels. | 2011 | 22028512 |
| gingipains from porphyromonas gingivalis - complex domain structures confer diverse functions. | gingipains, a group of arginine or lysine specific cysteine proteinases (also known as rgpa, rgpb and kgp), have been recognized as major virulence factors in porphyromonas gingivalis. this bacterium is one of a handful of pathogens that cause chronic periodontitis. gingipains are involved in adherence to and colonization of epithelial cells, haemagglutination and haemolysis of erythrocytes, disruption and manipulation of the inflammatory response, and the degradation of host proteins and tissue ... | 2011 | 24466435 |
| critical analysis of biomarkers in the current periodontal practice. | periodontal disease is a chronic microbial infection that triggers inflammation-mediated loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone that supports the teeth. because of the increasing prevalence and associated comorbidities, there is a need for the development of new diagnostic tests that can detect the presence of active disease, predict future disease progression, and evaluate the response to periodontal therapy, thereby improving the clinical management of periodontal patients. the dia ... | 2011 | 21976831 |
| genomes of the most dangerous epidemic bacteria have a virulence repertoire characterized by fewer genes but more toxin-antitoxin modules. | we conducted a comparative genomic study based on a neutral approach to identify genome specificities associated with the virulence capacity of pathogenic bacteria. we also determined whether virulence is dictated by rules, or if it is the result of individual evolutionary histories. we systematically compared the genomes of the 12 most dangerous pandemic bacteria for humans ("bad bugs") to their closest non-epidemic related species ("controls"). | 2011 | 21437250 |
| pathologic crossroads: cardio-vascular diseases, periodontal diseases and calcium antagonists. | during the last decennium a more focused attention has been directed to the presence of chronic inflammation in cardiovascular diseases (cvd), but mainly to the high impact that this one has in generating and fastening the atherosclerotic process. | 2011 | 21505569 |
| periodontal treatment effects on endothelial function and cardiovascular disease biomarkers in subjects with chronic periodontitis: protocol for a randomized clinical trial. | periodontal disease (pd) is an infectious clinical entity characterized by the destruction of supporting tissues of the teeth as the result of a chronic inflammatory response in a susceptible host. it has been proposed that pd as subclinical infection may contribute to the etiology and to the pathogenesis of several systemic diseases including atherosclerosis. a number of epidemiological studies link periodontal disease/edentulism as independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction, perip ... | 2011 | 21324167 |
| microbial shift and periodontitis. | 2011 | 21134227 | |
| evaluating the stoichiometry of macromolecular complexes using multisignal sedimentation velocity. | gleaning information regarding the molecular physiology of macromolecular complexes requires knowledge of their component stoichiometries. in this work, a relatively new means of analyzing sedimentation velocity (sv) data from the analytical ultracentrifuge is examined in detail. the method depends on collecting concentration profile data simultaneously using multiple signals, like rayleigh interferometry and uv spectrophotometry. if the cosedimenting components of a complex are spectrally disti ... | 2011 | 21256217 |
| defining pathogenic bacterial species in the genomic era. | actual definitions of bacterial species are limited due to the current criteria of definition and the use of restrictive genetic tools. the 16s ribosomal rna sequence, for example, has been widely used as a marker for phylogenetic analyses; however, its use often leads to misleading species definitions. according to the first genetic studies, removing a certain number of genes from pathogenic bacteria removes their capacity to infect hosts. however, more recent studies have demonstrated that the ... | 2011 | 21687765 |
| defining pathogenic bacterial species in the genomic era. | actual definitions of bacterial species are limited due to the current criteria of definition and the use of restrictive genetic tools. the 16s ribosomal rna sequence, for example, has been widely used as a marker for phylogenetic analyses; however, its use often leads to misleading species definitions. according to the first genetic studies, removing a certain number of genes from pathogenic bacteria removes their capacity to infect hosts. however, more recent studies have demonstrated that the ... | 2011 | 21687765 |
| changes in the subgingival biofilm composition after coronally positioned flap. | this study evaluated the effects of coronally positioned flap (cpf) on the subgingival biofilm composition. | 2011 | 21437473 |
| biofilm: a dental microbial infection. | recent advances in research technology have allowed researchers to study bacteria in their natural environment. dental biofilm forms via an ordered sequence of events, resulting in structured and functionally organized species rich microbial community and modern molecular biological techniques have identified about 1000 different bacterial species in the dental biofilm, twice as many as can be cultured. sites for biofilm formation include all kinds of surfaces: natural materials above and below ... | 2011 | 22470238 |
| pulpal perio relations: interdisciplinary diagnostic approach - i. | lesions of pulpal and periodontal origin may perpetuate from either the infections of dental pulp or periodontium or alveolar bone. this review focuses on interdisciplinary diagnostic approach towards lesions of periodontal or endodontic origin. | 2011 | 21772729 |
| probiotics in periodontal health and disease. | macfarlane burnett stated in 1962 that "by the late twentieth century, we can anticipate the virtual elimination of infectious diseases as a significant factor in social life". probiotics have become of interest to researchers in recent times. time has come to shift the paradigm of treatment from specific bacteria elimination to altering bacterial ecology by probiotics. the development of resistance to a range of antibiotics by some important pathogens has raised the possibility of a return to t ... | 2011 | 21772717 |
| saliva as a diagnostic fluid. | salivary diagnostics is a dynamic and emerging field utilizing nanotechnology and molecular diagnostics to aid in the diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases. in this article the author critically reviews the latest advances using oral biomarkers for disease detection. the use of oral fluids is broadening perspectives in clinical diagnosis, disease monitoring, and decision making for patient care. important elements determining the future possibilities and challenges in this field are also discu ... | 2011 | 21094724 |
| identification of surprisingly diverse type iv pili, across a broad range of gram-positive bacteria. | in gram-negative bacteria, type iv pili (tfp) have long been known to play important roles in such diverse biological phenomena as surface adhesion, motility, and dna transfer, with significant consequences for pathogenicity. more recently it became apparent that gram-positive bacteria also express type iv pili; however, little is known about the diversity and abundance of these structures in gram-positives. computational tools for automated identification of type iv pilins are not currently ava ... | 2011 | 22216142 |
| s100a2 level changes are related to human periodontitis. | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, which, when severe, can result in tooth loss, that affects the quality of life. s100a2 was previously identified as a component of gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) via proteome analysis, but it has not been investigated whether s100a2 plays a role in periodontitis. in this study, we analyzed mrna expression of s100a2 in gingival tissues from normal and classified periodontal disease patients and compared it to that of s100a8 and s100a9. quantitative real ... | 2011 | 21922197 |
| Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. | Teles FR, Teles RP, Uzel NG, Song XQ, Torresyap G, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. J Periodont Res 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01409.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: The development of dental biofilms after professional plaque removal is very rapid. However, it is not clear whether most bacterial species return at similar rates in periodontally healthy and periodontitis subj ... | 2011 | 21895662 |
| Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. | Teles FR, Teles RP, Uzel NG, Song XQ, Torresyap G, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. J Periodont Res 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01409.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: The development of dental biofilms after professional plaque removal is very rapid. However, it is not clear whether most bacterial species return at similar rates in periodontally healthy and periodontitis subj ... | 2011 | 21895662 |
| composition and localization of treponema denticola outer membrane complexes. | the treponema denticola outer membrane lipoprotein-protease complex (dentilisin) contributes to periodontal disease by degrading extracellular matrix components and disrupting intercellular host signaling pathways. we recently demonstrated that prcb, located upstream of and cotranscribed with prca and prtp, encodes a 22-kda lipoprotein that interacts with prtp and is required for its activity. here we further characterize products of the protease locus and their roles in expression, formation, a ... | 2011 | 21986628 |
| probiotics and periodontal health. | periodontitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. the etiology is clearly bacterial and a number of putative bacterial pathogens have been associated with the disease, including aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, tannerella forsythus and porphyromonas gingivalis. comparatively, little attention has been paid to the identification of health-associated and potentially beneficial bacterial species that may reside in the gingival sulcus. probiotic technology represents a bre ... | 2011 | 22514571 |
| relationship between the pathogenic representatives of periodontal pockets microbiocenosis in patients with periodontitis with varying degrees of severity. | periodontitis is a common disease that is considered to be a manifestation of the distortion of the ratio between the normal and conditionally pathogenic microflora of periodontal pockets. in this study, the ratio between the six most important periodontal pathogens and the total microflora of the periodontal pocket in healthy individuals and patients with varying severity of periodontitis was ascertained by quantitative real-time pcr. it was ascertained that the relative content ofporphyromonas ... | 2011 | 22649688 |