Publications

aspergillus fumigatus meda governs adherence, host cell interactions and virulence.	in medically important fungi, regulatory elements that control development and asexual reproduction often govern the expression of virulence traits. we therefore cloned the aspergillus fumigatus developmental modifier meda and characterized its role in conidiation, host cell interactions and virulence. as in the model organism aspergillus nidulans, disruption of meda in a. fumigatus dramatically reduced conidiation. however, the conidiophore morphology was markedly different between the two spec ...	2010	19889083
the antifungal protein paf interferes with pkc/mpk and camp/pka signalling of aspergillus nidulans.	the penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein paf inhibits polar growth and induces apoptosis in aspergillus nidulans. we report here that two signalling cascades are implicated in its antifungal activity. paf activates the camp/protein kinase a (pka) signalling cascade. a pkaa deletion mutant exhibited reduced sensitivity towards paf. this was substantiated by the use of pharmacological modulators: paf aggravated the effect of the activator 8-br-camp and partially relieved the repressive activ ...	2010	19889092
reduced expression of the o-mannosyltransferase 2 (afpmt2) leads to deficient cell wall and abnormal polarity in aspergillus fumigatus.	protein o-mannosyltransferases (pmts) initiate o-mannosylation of secretory proteins, which are of fundamental importance in eukaryotes. the human fungal pathogen aspergillus fumigatus possesses three genes encoding for pmts, namely, afpmt1, afpmt2 and afpmt4. we have previously shown that lack of afpmt1 leads to a temperature-sensitive phenotype featured with severe defects in hyphal growth, conidiation, cell wall integrity and morphology at elevated temperatures. in this study, a conditional m ...	2010	20053626
unilateral ureteral obstruction caused by aspergillus, subgenus nidulantes in a patient on steroid therapy: a case report and review of the literature.	urinary tract obstructions caused by aspergillus bezoars has been reported on rare occasions. we describe in this paper an unusual case caused by an isolate of the aspergillus nidulantes subgenus, and review the literature on 13 additional cases of ureteral obstruction due to renoureteric aspergillosis so as to provide the characteristics of this disease entity. our case presented with a unilateral ureteral obstruction and acute renal failure due to aspergillus bezoars. the patient was immunocom ...	2010	19905965
regulation of ustilago maydis dimorphism, sporulation, and pathogenic development by a transcription factor with a highly conserved apses domain.	in ustilago maydis, the causal agent of corn smut, the morphological transition from yeast to filamentous growth is inextricably linked to pathogenicity; budding haploid cells are saprobic and, upon mating of compatible strains, the fungus converts to dikaryotic filamentous growth and obligate parasitism. the filamentous dikaryon proliferates in the host plant, inducing tumor formation and undergoing additional morphological changes that eventually result in the production of melanized diploid t ...	2010	20064064
a novel motif in fungal class 1 histone deacetylases is essential for growth and development of aspergillus.	acetylation of the n-terminal tails of core histones is an important regulatory mechanism in eukaryotic organisms. in filamentous fungi, little is known about the enzymes that modify histone tails. however, it is increasingly evident that histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases are critical factors for the regulation of genes involved in fungal pathogenicity, stress response, and production of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics or fungal toxins. here, we show that depletion of ...	2010	19940017
regulation of development in aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus fumigatus.	members of the genus aspergillus are the most common fungi and all reproduce asexually by forming long chains of conidiospores (or conidia). the impact of various aspergillus species on humans ranges from beneficial to harmful. for example, several species including aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger are used in industry for enzyme production and food processing. in contrast, aspergillus flavus produce the most potent naturally present carcinogen aflatoxins, which contaminate various plant ...	2010	23956662
[comparison of genomes between aspergillus nidulans and 30 filamentous ascomycetes].	to investigate the conserved homologs of filamentous ascomycetes genomes, the local fungal genome database used in this analysis was established, which consisted of 31 latest and complete genome data publicly available on the internet. an expectation value cutoff of 0.1 was used to identify significant hits. each complete gene set of the query genome aspergillus nidulans genome with 10,560 annotated genes was splitted into individual fasta files with seqverter and then compared separately agains ...	2010	21513172
recombinantly produced hydrophobins from fungal analogues as highly surface-active performance proteins.	hydrophobins are available from natural resources only in milligram amounts. basf succeeded in a recombinant production process, up-scaled to pilot plant production in kilogram scale. strain and protein optimization by modulation of gene expression and generation of fusion proteins finally leads to two class i hydrophobins called hprotein a and hprotein b. by analytical ultracentrifugation, we confirm that the self-association of h*proteins in solution is governed by their sequence, because ol ...	2010	19290518
characterisation of the cipc-like protein afua_5g09330 of the opportunistic human pathogenic mould aspergillus fumigatus.	aspergillus fumigatus is currently the major airborne fungal pathogen that menaces immunocompromised individuals. germination of inhaled conidia is a hallmark of the early infection process, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. the intention of our ongoing studies is the identification of a. fumigatus proteins that are differentially expressed during germination and may provide insights in the germination process. using a proteomic approach, we identified afua_5g09330 as a major ...	2010	19486301
asexual sporulation signalling regulates autolysis of aspergillus nidulans via modulating the chitinase chib production.	elucidation of the regulation of chib production in aspergillus nidulans.	2009	19486415
expression of a gfp gene in penicillium nordicum under control of the promoter of the ochratoxin a polyketide synthase gene.	a gfp reporter gene strain of penicillium nordicum was constructed in order to be able to study the influence of environmental parameters on ochratoxin a biosynthesis. to introduce the gfp gene an agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation system (atmt) for p. nordicum was established resulting in a transformation efficiency of about 60 transformants per microg of dna. the selection principle was based on the hygromycin b resistance gene located on the ti-dna fragment of the binary vector ...	2009	19525025
aspergillus fumigatus induces immunoglobulin e-independent mast cell degranulation.	pulmonary colonization by aspergillus fumigatus in chronic lung disease is associated with progressive decline in lung function even in the absence of specific allergic response. we hypothesized that a. fumigatus contributes to this decline by inducing pulmonary mast cell degranulation even in the absence of antigen-specific immunoglobulin e (ige). therefore, we investigated whether a. fumigatus can induce mast cell degranulation independently of ige.	2009	19527167
functional analysis and subcellular localization of two geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases from penicillium paxilli.	the filamentous fungus penicillium paxilli contains two distinct geranylgeranyl diphosphate (ggpp) synthases, ggsa and ggsb (paxg). paxg and its homologues in neotyphodium lolii and fusarium fujikuroi are associated with diterpene secondary metabolite gene clusters. the genomes of other filamentous fungi including aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae and fusarium graminearum also contain two or more copies of ggpp synthase genes, although the diterpe ...	2009	19529962
characterization of the aspergillus ochraceoroseus aflatoxin/sterigmatocystin biosynthetic gene cluster.	production of carcinogenic aflatoxins has been reported from members of aspergillus section flavi, aspergillus section nidulantes and a newly proposed aspergillus section ochraceorosei that consists of aspergillus ochraceoroseus and a. rambellii. unlike members of section flavi, a. ochraceoroseus and a. rambellii have been shown to accumulate both aflatoxin (af) and the aflatoxin precursor sterigmatocystin (st). alhough morphologically distinct from a. nidulans, molecular characterization of a. ...	2009	19537208
chromatin-level regulation of biosynthetic gene clusters.	loss-of-function aspergillus nidulans ccla, a bre2 ortholog involved in histone h3 lysine 4 methylation, activated the expression of cryptic secondary metabolite clusters in a. nidulans. one new cluster generated monodictyphenone, emodin and emodin derivatives, whereas a second encoded two anti-osteoporosis polyketides, f9775a and f9775b. modification of the chromatin landscape in fungal secondary metabolite clusters allows for a simple technological means to express silent fungal secondary meta ...	2009	19448638
convergent evolution and orphan genes in the fur4p-like family and characterization of a general nucleoside transporter in aspergillus nidulans.	the function of seven paralogues phylogenetically related to the saccharomyces cerevisiae fur4p together with a number of functionally related transporters present in aspergillus nidulans has been investigated. after deletion of the cognate genes we checked the incorporation of radiolabelled substrates, utilization of nitrogen sources, resistance to toxic analogues and supplementation of auxotrophies. fura and furd encode allantoin and uracil transporters respectively. no function was found for ...	2009	19460095
transcriptional profiling for aspergillusnidulans hoga mapk signaling pathway in response to fludioxonil and osmotic stress.	in filamentous fungi, the his-asp phosphorelay signaling system and hog pathway are involved in the action of the fungicides, fludioxonil, and iprodione, as well as osmotic and oxidative stress responses. aspergillusnidulans response regulators (rrs), sska and srra, and histidine kinase (hk), nika, are involved in the growth inhibitory effects of these fungicides. to gain further insights into the molecular basis for these signaling systems, we performed dna microarray analyses of fludioxonil an ...	2009	19596074
riok3 interacts with caspase-10 and negatively regulates the nf-kappab signaling pathway.	riok3 was initially characterized as a homolog of aspergillus nidulans sudd and showed down-regulation at the invasive front of malignant melanomas, but the molecular mechanism remains elusive. here, we report that overexpression of riok3 inhibits tnfalpha-induced nf-kappab activation, but down-regulation of endogenous riok3 expression by sirna potentiates it. a yeast two-hybrid experiment revealed that riok3 interacted with caspase-10, and further, a gst pull-down assay and endogenous coimmunop ...	2009	19557502
disruption of the nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase affects the morphology of two industrial strains of penicillium chrysogenum.	new morphological aspects of penicillium chrysogenum were found during physiological characterisation of two nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase mutant strains. a morphological characterisation of the previously constructed strains, together with the two beta-lactam producing industrial recipient strains, was conducted. the reference strains showed a compact structure with highly branched hyphal elements whereas the morphology of the deltagdha strains consisting of long elongated hyphal elem ...	2009	19167440
studies of the production of fungal polyketides in aspergillus nidulans by using systems biology tools.	many filamentous fungi produce polyketide molecules with great significance as human pharmaceuticals; these molecules include the cholesterol-lowering compound lovastatin, which was originally isolated from aspergillus terreus. the chemical diversity and potential uses of these compounds are virtually unlimited, and it is thus of great interest to develop a well-described microbial production platform for polyketides. using genetic engineering tools available for the model organism aspergillus n ...	2009	19168657
agta, the dicarboxylic amino acid transporter of aspergillus nidulans, is concertedly down-regulated by exquisite sensitivity to nitrogen metabolite repression and ammonium-elicited endocytosis.	we identified agta, a gene that encodes the specific dicarboxylic amino acid transporter of aspergillus nidulans. the deletion of the gene resulted in loss of utilization of aspartate as a nitrogen source and of aspartate uptake, while not completely abolishing glutamate utilization. kinetic constants showed that agta is a high-affinity dicarboxylic amino acid transporter and are in agreement with those determined for a cognate transporter activity identified previously. the gene is extremely se ...	2009	19168757
analysis of all protein phosphatase genes in aspergillus nidulans identifies a new mitotic regulator, fcp1.	reversible protein phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism of cell cycle control in which protein phosphatases counteract the activities of protein kinases. in aspergillus nidulans, 28 protein phosphatase catalytic subunit genes were identified. systematic deletion analysis identified four essential phosphatases and four required for normal growth. conditional alleles of these were generated using the alca promoter. the deleted phosphatase strain collection and regulatable versions ...	2009	19181872
physiological involvement in ph signaling of vps24-mediated recruitment of aspergillus palb cysteine protease to escrt-iii.	activation of the aspergillus nidulans transcription factor pacc, which mediates ambient ph regulation of gene expression and is recruited to escrt-iii by the vps32-interacting scaffold pala, involves its ambient ph-dependent c-terminal proteolysis. this reaction is almost certainly catalyzed by the palb calpain-like protease. here we show that palb associates with membranes and interacts specifically and directly with escrt-iii vps24. the palb n-terminal mit domain and the vps24 c-terminal mim ...	2009	19056728
rapid screening and isolation of a fungus for sitosterol to androstenedione biotransformation.	androstenedione (ad) is a steroid intermediate used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of several important anabolic drugs. an important route for producing ad is by the microbial transformation of sterols. microbes capable of efficiently transforming sterols to ad are few and newer strains need to be isolated. conventional procedures for screening and isolation are time consuming. a new procedure was used for screening and isolation of fungal microorganisms capable of biotransfor ...	2009	19189060
inactivation of the lipoxygenase zmlox3 increases susceptibility of maize to aspergillus spp.	plant and fungal lipoxygenases (lox) catalyze the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, creating fatty-acid hydroperoxides (oxylipins). fungal oxylipins are required for normal fungal development and secondary metabolism, and plant host-derived oxylipins interfere with these processes in fungi, presumably by signal mimicry. the maize lox gene zmlox3 has been implicated previously in seed-aspergillus interactions, so we tested the interactions of a mutant maize line (lox3-4, in which zmlox3 i ...	2009	19132874
inducer-dependent nuclear localization of a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcriptional activator, amyr, in aspergillus nidulans.	amyr is a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcriptional activator that regulates expression of the amylolytic genes in aspergillus species. subcellular localization studies of gfp-fused amyr in a. nidulans revealed that the fusion protein preferentially localized to the nucleus in response to isomaltose, the physiological inducer of the amylolytic genes. the c-terminal domains of amyr, designated mh3 (residues 419-496) and mh4 (residues 516-542), were essential for sensing the inducing stimulus and regulating ...	2009	19202286
the 2008 update of the aspergillus nidulans genome annotation: a community effort.	the identification and annotation of protein-coding genes is one of the primary goals of whole-genome sequencing projects, and the accuracy of predicting the primary protein products of gene expression is vital to the interpretation of the available data and the design of downstream functional applications. nevertheless, the comprehensive annotation of eukaryotic genomes remains a considerable challenge. many genomes submitted to public databases, including those of major model organisms, contai ...	2009	19146970
overexpression of the chitosanase gene in fusarium solani via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation.	to overexpress the chitosanase gene (csn) in f. solani, a vector based on pcambia 1300 was constructed. the csn gene, which is under control of the aspergillus nidulans gpda promoter and a. nidulans trpc terminator, was introduced back into the f. solani genome by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, and the herbicide-resistance gene bar from streptomyces hygroscopicus was used as the selection marker. transformants which showed a significant increase in chitosanase production (app ...	2009	19093150
the three fungal transmembrane nuclear pore complex proteins of aspergillus nidulans are dispensable in the presence of an intact an-nup84-120 complex.	in aspergillus nidulans nuclear pore complexes (npcs) undergo partial mitotic disassembly such that 12 npc proteins (nups) form a core structure anchored across the nuclear envelope (ne). to investigate how the npc core is maintained, we affinity purified the major core an-nup84-120 complex and identified two new fungal nups, an-nup37 and an-elys, previously thought to be vertebrate specific. during mitosis the an-nup84-120 complex locates to the ne and spindle pole bodies but, unlike vertebrate ...	2009	19019988
timely septation requires snad-dependent spindle pole body localization of the septation initiation network components in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans.	in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, cytokinesis/septation is triggered by the septation initiation network (sin), which first appears at the spindle pole body (spb) during mitosis. the coiled-coil protein snad is associated with the spb and is required for timely septation and conidiation. we have determined that snad acted as a scaffold protein that is required for the localization of the sin proteins of sidb and moba to the spb. another scaffold protein sepk, whose localization at ...	2009	19386763
atan1p-an extracellular tannase from the dimorphic yeast arxula adeninivorans: molecular cloning of the atan1 gene and characterization of the recombinant enzyme.	the tannase-encoding arxula adeninivorans gene atan1 was isolated from genomic dna by pcr, using as primers oligonucleotide sequences derived from peptides obtained after tryptic digestion of the purified tannase protein. the gene harbours an orf of 1764 bp, encoding a 587-amino acid protein, preceded by an n-terminal secretion sequence comprising 28 residues. the deduced amino acid sequence was similar to those of tannases from aspergillus oryzae (50% identity), a. niger (48%) and putative tann ...	2009	19387973
re-characterisation of saccharomyces cerevisiae ach1p: fungal coa-transferases are involved in acetic acid detoxification.	saccharomyces cerevisiae and neurospora crassa mutants defective in the so-called acetyl-coa hydrolases ach1p and acu-8, respectively, display a severe growth defect on acetate, which is most strongly pronounced under acidic conditions. acetyl-coa hydrolysis is an energy wasting process and therefore denoted as a biochemical conundrum. acetyl-coa hydrolases show high sequence identity to the coa-transferase coat from aspergillus nidulans. therefore, we extensively re-characterised the yeast enzy ...	2009	19298859
class iii chitin synthase chsb of aspergillus nidulans localizes at the sites of polarized cell wall synthesis and is required for conidial development.	class iii chitin synthases play important roles in tip growth and conidiation in many filamentous fungi. however, little is known about their functions in those processes. to address these issues, we characterized the deletion mutant of a class iii chitin synthase-encoding gene of aspergillus nidulans, chsb, and investigated chsb localization in the hyphae and conidiophores. multilayered cell walls and intrahyphal hyphae were observed in the hyphae of the chsb deletion mutant, and wavy septa wer ...	2009	19411617
deletion analysis of the promoter of aspergillus oryzae gene encoding heat shock protein 30.	in order to find a promoter that could be influenced by temperature shift, we explored and isolated an aspergillus oryzae gene expressed at high temperatures (37-42 degrees c) by the cdna subtraction method. of the 96 cdna clones isolated from the subtraction library, one cdna clone showed 73% identity with aspergillus nidulans heat shock protein 30 (hsp30). based on this, we designated the isolated gene hsp30 of a. oryzae. a. oryzae hsp30 was weakly expressed at 30 degrees c, but strongly at 40 ...	2009	19332290
myosin motor-like domain of the class vi chitin synthase csmb is essential to its functions in aspergillus nidulans.	chitin is one of the major cell wall components of ascomycete filamentous fungi, and chitin synthesis plays important roles in the morphogenesis of hyphae. in the aspergillus nidulans genome, there are two genes, csma and csmb, that encode a myosin motor-like domain (mmd) at their n-termini and a chitin synthase domain (csd) at their c-termini. in our previous studies, we found that the mmd of csma was required for its functionality, and that csma and csmb had certain overlapping functions essen ...	2009	19420702
fvve1 regulates biosynthesis of the mycotoxins fumonisins and fusarins in fusarium verticillioides.	the vea gene positively regulates sterigmatocystin production in aspergillus nidulans and aflatoxin production in aspergillus parasiticus and aspergillus flavus . whether vea homologues have a role in regulating secondary metabolism in other fungal genera is unknown. in this study, we examined the role of the vea homologue, fvve1, on the production of two mycotoxin families, fumonisins and fusarins, in the important corn pathogen fusarium verticillioides . we found that fvve1 deletion completely ...	2009	19382792
the important role of actinin-like protein (acna) in cytokinesis and apical dominance of hyphal cells in aspergillus nidulans.	the actin cytoskeleton is involved in many processes in eukaryotic cells, including interaction with a wide variety of actin-binding proteins such as the actin-capping proteins, the actin filament nucleators and the actin cross-linking proteins. here, we report the identification and characterization of an actinin-like protein (acna) from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. not only did the depletion of acna by alca(p) promoter repression or the deletion of acna result in explicit abnor ...	2009	19443549
characterization of oxylipins and dioxygenase genes in the asexual fungus aspergillus niger.	aspergillus niger is an ascomycetous fungus that is known to reproduce through asexual spores, only. interestingly, recent genome analysis of a. niger has revealed the presence of a full complement of functional genes related to sexual reproduction 1. an example of such genes are the dioxygenase genes which in aspergillus nidulans, have been shown to be connected to oxylipin production and regulation of both sexual and asexual sporulation 234. nevertheless, the presence of sex related genes alon ...	2009	19309517
importin alpha is an essential nuclear import carrier adaptor required for proper sexual and asexual development and secondary metabolism in aspergillus nidulans.	in eukaryotes, the principal nuclear import pathway is driven by the importin alpha/beta1 heterodimer. kapa, the aspergillus nidulans importin alpha, is an essential protein. we generated a conditional allele, kapa31, mimicking the srp1-31 allele in saccharomyces cerevisiae. kapa31 carries a ser111phe amino acid substitution which, at the restrictive temperature of 42 degrees c, reduces nuclear import of cargos containing classical nuclear-localization-sequences, cnls. using kapa31, we have demo ...	2009	19318129
functional characterization of the aspergillus nidulans methionine sulfoxide reductases (msra and msrb).	proteins are subject to modification by reactive oxygen species (ros), and oxidation of specific amino acid residues can impair their biological function, leading to an alteration in cellular homeostasis. sulfur-containing amino acids as methionine are the most vulnerable to oxidation by ros, resulting in the formation of methionine sulfoxide [met(o)] residues. this modification can be repaired by methionine sulfoxide reductases (msr). two distinct classes of these enzymes, msra and msrb, which ...	2009	19373970
physiological characterisation of acub deletion in aspergillus niger.	the acub gene of aspergillus niger is an ortholog of facb in aspergillus nidulans. under carbon-repression conditions, facb is repressed, thereby preventing acetate metabolism when the repressing carbon source is present. even though facb is reported to be repressed directly by crea, it is believed that a basal level of facb activity exists under glucose-repressive conditions. in the present study, the effect of deletion of acub on the physiology of a. niger was assessed. differences in organic ...	2009	19444441
the nsdc gene encoding a putative c2h2-type transcription factor is a key activator of sexual development in aspergillus nidulans.	the formation of the aspergillus nidulans fruiting body is affected by a number of genetic and environmental factors. here, the nsdc (never in sexual development) gene-encoding a putative transcription factor carrying a novel type of zinc-finger dna-binding domain consisting of two c(2)h(2)'s and a c(2)hc motif that are highly conserved in most fungi but not in plants or animals-was investigated. two distinct transcripts of 2.6 and 3.0 kb were generated from nsdc. the 2.6-kb mrna accumulated dif ...	2009	19416940
molecular characterization of a fungal gene paralogue of the penicillin pende gene of penicillium chrysogenum.	penicillium chrysogenum converts isopenicillin n (ipn) into hydrophobic penicillins by means of the peroxisomal ipn acyltransferase (iat), which is encoded by the pende gene. in silico analysis of the p. chrysogenum genome revealed the presence of a gene, pc13g09140, initially described as paralogue of the iat-encoding pende gene. we have termed this gene ial because it encodes a protein with high similarity to iat (ial for iat-like). we have conducted an investigation to characterize the ial ge ...	2009	19470155
improved tryprostatin b production by heterologous gene expression in aspergillus nidulans.	tryprostatin b, a prenylated diketopiperazine with anti-tubulin activity, has been overproduced in fungal culture by expression of genes of the fumitremorgin cluster from aspergillus fumigatus in the naïve host aspergillus nidulans using the alca promoter. the products of the expressed genes catalyse the first two steps of fumitremorgin biosynthesis, namely the formation of brevianamide f and its conversion to tryprostatin b. yields of tryprostatin b were up to 250 mg/l, a significant improvemen ...	2009	19373974
pepj is a new extracellular proteinase of aspergillus nidulans.	under carbon starvation, aspergillus nidulans released a metallo-proteinase with activities comparable to those of prta, the major extracellular serine proteinase of the fungus. the relative molar mass of the enzyme was 19 kda as determined with both denaturing and renaturing sds page, while its isoelectric point and ph and temperature optima were 8.6, 5.5 and 65 degrees c, respectively. the enzyme was stable at ph 3.5-10.5 and was still active at 95 degrees c in the presence of azocasein substr ...	2009	19418246
the cell end marker protein teac is involved in growth directionality and septation in aspergillus nidulans.	polarized growth in filamentous fungi depends on the correct spatial organization of the microtubule (mt) and actin cytoskeleton. in schizosaccharomyces pombe it was shown that the mt cytoskeleton is required for the delivery of so-called cell end marker proteins, e.g., tea1 and tea4, to the cell poles. subsequently, these markers recruit several proteins required for polarized growth, e.g., a formin, which catalyzes actin cable formation. the latest results suggest that this machinery is conser ...	2009	19429780
the vea gene is necessary for the negative regulation of the vea expression in aspergillus nidulans.	the vea gene is one of the key genes in regulating sexual development of aspergillus nidulans. during the study on the vea gene, it was observed that the vea expression level is slightly higher in a vea1 mutant than in a wild type at 37 degrees c, suggesting that the wild type vea gene is necessary for the negative regulation of the vea expression. in the vea1 mutant, the vea expression was higher than in a wild type grown at 42 degrees c but equal at 30 degrees c. furthermore, in a vea deletion ...	2009	19479257
the level of sulfane sulfur in the fungus aspergillus nidulans wild type and mutant strains.	the interdependence of the sulfane sulfur metabolism and sulfur amino acid metabolism was studied in the fungus aspergillus nidulans wild type strain and in mutants impaired in genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of cysteine (a precursor of sulfane sulfur) or in regulatory genes of the sulfur metabolite repression system. it was found that a low concentration of cellular cysteine leads to elevation of two sulfane sulfurtransferases, rhodanase and cystathionine gamma-lyase, while the ...	2009	18781374
effect of bioaugmentation and nitrogen supplementation on composting of paddy straw.	a composting experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of a hyperlignocellulolytic fungal consortium and different nitrogen amendments on paddy straw composting in terms of changes in physicochemical and biological parameters. a fungal consortium comprising four lignocellulolytic mesophilic fungal cultures was used as inoculum for bioaugmentation of paddy straw in perforated pits. the comparative effect of farmyard manure (fym), soybean trash, poultry litter and urea on the composting proc ...	2009	18839317
atazg1 and atazg2 comprise a novel family of purine transporters in arabidopsis.	in plants, nucleobase biochemistry is highly compartmented relying upon a well-regulated and selective membrane transport system. in arabidopsis two proteins, atazg1 and atazg2, show substantial amino acid sequence similarity to the adenine-guanine-hypoxanthine transporter azga of aspergillus nidulans. analysis of single and double mutant lines harboring t-dna insertion alleles atazg1-1 and atazg2-1 reveal a marked resistance to growth in the presence of 8-azaadenine and 8-azaguanine but not to ...	2009	19121308
response to hypoxia, reduction of electron acceptors, and subsequent survival by filamentous fungi.	filamentous fungi usually inhabit normoxic environments by utilizing oxygen as a substrate for respiration and for the biosynthesis of some essential cellular components. this review examines the metabolic mechanisms used by filamentous fungi under oxygen-limited (hypoxic) conditions. denitrification is one mechanism through which fusarium oxysporum and other fungi reduce nitrate or nitrite to nitrous oxide, generating nitric oxide as a reaction intermediate. the involvement of cytochrome p450no ...	2009	19129650
alternative processing of proproteins in aspergilli kexb gene disruptants under hyperosmotic conditions.	disruption of the kexb gene encoding a subtilisin-like processing protease in aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus nidulans led to remarkable morphological defects, and these phenotypes were suppressed under hyperosmotic conditions. in this study, we investigated to determine whether non-kexb proteases might complement the in vivo function of kexb in the two aspergillus kexb disruptants. neither overexpression of opsa or opsb encoding a. oryzae aspartyl proteases homologous to yeast yapsins (yps1/ ...	2009	19129662
genetic regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis: from gene to genome.	aflatoxins are notorious toxic secondary metabolites known for their impacts on human and animal health, and their effects on the marketability of key grain and nut crops. understanding aflatoxin biosynthesis is the focus of a large and diverse research community. concerted efforts by this community have led not only to a well-characterized biosynthetic pathway, but also to the discovery of novel regulatory mechanisms. common to secondary metabolism is the clustering of biosynthetic genes and th ...	2009	19010433
purine utilization by klebsiella oxytoca m5al: genes for ring-oxidizing and -opening enzymes.	the enterobacterium klebsiella oxytoca uses a variety of inorganic and organic nitrogen sources, including purines, nitrogen-rich compounds that are widespread in the biosphere. we have identified a 23-gene cluster that encodes the enzymes for utilizing purines as the sole nitrogen source. growth and complementation tests with insertion mutants, combined with sequence comparisons, reveal functions for the products of these genes. here, we report our characterization of 12 genes, one encoding gua ...	2009	19060149
transcription regulation of the pbgp43 gene by nitrogen in the human pathogen paracoccidioides brasiliensis.	we show indirect evidences for the possible involvement of nit2-like binding motifs in transcription modulation of the pbgp43 gene, which codes for an important antigen from the human fungal pathogen paracoccidioides brasiliensis. this investigation was motivated by the finding of 23 nit2-like sites within the proximal -2047 nucleotides of the pbgp43 5' intergenic region from the pb339 isolate. they compose four clusters, two of them identical. we found four nit2-containing probes that were posi ...	2009	19013535
occurrence and relevance of filamentous fungi in respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis--a review.	the colonization of airways by filamentous fungi and the development of respiratory infections require some predisposing factors as encountered in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). indeed, the defective mucociliary clearance which characterizes the disease is associated with local immunological disorders. in addition, the prolonged therapy with antibiotics and the use of corticosteroid treatments also facilitate fungal growth. an important fungal biota has been described in respiratory secreti ...	2009	19107638
effects of conidia of various aspergillus species on apoptosis of human pneumocytes and bronchial epithelial cells.	aspergillus species can cause mycoses in human and animals. previously, we demonstrated that a. fumigatus conidia from a human isolate inhibited apoptosis in human pneumocytes and bronchial epithelial cells. in the current study, we studied the effects of a. fumigatus conidia non-human origin and a. flavus, a. nidulans, a. niger and a. oryzae conidia on human cells apoptosis. human pneumocytes or bronchial epithelial cells were simultaneously exposed to apoptotic inductors and aspergilli conidia ...	2009	19117118
the aspergillus nidulans kinesin-3 unca motor moves vesicles along a subpopulation of microtubules.	the extremely polarized growth form of filamentous fungi imposes a huge challenge on the cellular transport machinery, because proteins and lipids required for hyphal extension need to be continuously transported to the growing tip. recently, it was shown that endocytosis is also important for hyphal growth. here, we found that the aspergillus nidulans kinesin-3 motor protein unca transports vesicles and is required for fast hyphal extension. most surprisingly, unca-dependent vesicle movement oc ...	2009	19037104
contribution of peroxisomes to penicillin biosynthesis in aspergillus nidulans.	peroxisomal localization of the third enzyme of the penicillin biosynthesis pathway of aspergillus nidulans, acyl-coenzyme a:ipn acyltransferase (iat), is mediated by its atypical peroxisomal targeting signal 1 (pts1). however, mislocalization of iat by deletion of either its pts1 or of genes encoding proteins involved in peroxisome formation or transport does not completely abolish penicillin biosynthesis. this is in contrast to the effects of iat mislocalization in penicillium chrysogenum.	2009	19151327
the protein kinase imeb is required for light-mediated inhibition of sexual development and for mycotoxin production in aspergillus nidulans.	spore formation is a common process in the developmental cycle of fungi. in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, ime2 is a key protein kinase for the meiotic cell cycle, which precedes ascospore formation. here, we analysed the ime2-related imeb gene of the filamentous ascomycete aspergillus nidulans. imeb deletion strains are retarded in growth and overproduce fertile sexual fruiting bodies in the presence of light, which normally represses sexual development. imeb mutants also display abnormal ...	2009	19210625
indole prenyltransferases from fungi: a new enzyme group with high potential for the production of prenylated indole derivatives.	prenylated indole derivatives are hybrid natural products containing both aromatic and isoprenoid moieties and are widely spread in plants, fungi and bacteria. some of these complex natural products, e.g. the ergot alkaloids ergotamine and fumigaclavine c as well as the diketopiperazine derivative fumitremorgin c and its biosynthetic precursors tryprostatin a and b, show a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. prenyl transfer reactions catalysed by prenyltransferases represent ...	2009	19149573
mlp1 acts as a mitotic scaffold to spatially regulate spindle assembly checkpoint proteins in aspergillus nidulans.	during open mitosis several nuclear pore complex (npc) proteins have mitotic specific localizations and functions. we find that the aspergillus nidulans mlp1 npc protein has previously unrealized mitotic roles involving spatial regulation of spindle assembly checkpoint (sac) proteins. in interphase, an-mlp1 tethers the an-mad1 and an-mad2 sac proteins to npcs. during a normal mitosis, an-mlp1, an-mad1, and an-mad2 localize similarly on, and around, kinetochores until telophase when they transien ...	2009	19225157
identification of virulence genes in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by large-scale transposon tagging.	forward genetic screens are efficient tools for the dissection of complex biological processes, such as fungal pathogenicity. a transposon tagging system was developed in the vascular wilt fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by inserting the novel modified impala element imp160::gfp upstream of the aspergillus nidulans niad gene, followed by transactivation with a constitutively expressed transposase. a collection of 2072 nia(+) revertants was obtained from reporter strain t12 and scree ...	2009	19161356
the glutathione system of aspergillus nidulans involves a fungus-specific glutathione s-transferase.	the tripeptide glutathione is involved in cellular defense mechanisms for xenobiotics and reactive oxygen species. this study investigated glutathione-dependent mechanisms in the model organism aspergillus nidulans. a recombinant dimeric protein of a. nidulans glutathione reductase (gr) contained fad and reduced oxidized glutathione (gssg) using nadph as an electron donor. a deletion strain of the gr gene (glra) accumulated less intracellular reduced glutathione (gsh), indicating that the fungal ...	2009	19171936
nucleolar separation from chromosomes during aspergillus nidulans mitosis can occur without spindle forces.	how the nucleolus is segregated during mitosis is poorly understood and occurs by very different mechanisms during closed and open mitosis. here we report a new mechanism of nucleolar segregation involving removal of the nucleolar-organizing regions (nors) from nucleoli during aspergillus nidulans mitosis. this involves a double nuclear envelope (ne) restriction which generates three ne-associated structures, two daughter nuclei (containing the nors), and the nucleolus. therefore, a remnant nucl ...	2009	19211837
class iic alpha-mannosidase afams1 is required for morphogenesis and cellular function in aspergillus fumigatus.	the mammalian er/cytosolic alpha-mannosidase (man2c1p), yeast vacuolar alpha-mannosidase (ams1p) and the aspergillus nidulans alpha-mannosidase are members of class iic subgroup, which is involved in oligosaccharide catabolism and n-glycan processing. unlike their mammalian counterparts, the yeast ams1p and a. nidulans class iic alpha-mannosidase are not essential for morphogenesis and cellular function. in this study, the afams1, a gene encoding a member of class iic alpha-mannosidases, was ide ...	2009	19240271
imaging living cells of aspergillus in vitro.	live-cell imaging techniques are now routinely used to study filamentous fungi. this has been very much facilitated by the development of a wide range of novel microscope technologies, new fluorescent probes (vital dyes and fluorescent proteins), and major advances in computing hardware and software. here we show what can be achieved with imaging living cells of aspergillus fumigatus and a. nidulans in vitro using confocal laser scanning microscopy. basic techniques for successful live-cell imag ...	2009	19255923
identification of ppoa from aspergillus nidulans as a fusion protein of a fatty acid heme dioxygenase/peroxidase and a cytochrome p450.	the homothallic ascomycete aspergillus nidulans serves as model organism for filamentous fungi because of its ability to propagate with both asexual and sexual life cycles, and fatty acid-derived substances regulate the balance between both cycles. these so-called psi (precocious sexual inducer) factors are produced by psi factor-producing oxygenases (ppo enzymes). bioinformatic analysis predicted the presence of two different heme domains in ppo proteins: in the n-terminal region, a fatty acid ...	2009	19286665
a novel hybrid dual-channel catalytic-biological sensor system for assessment of fruit quality.	the release of volatile ethylene and acetaldehyde characterizes the metabolic state and quality of fruit. we have designed and implemented a hybrid dual-channel catalytic-biological sensor system, which is able to quantify both volatiles in situ. this sensor system consists of a mammalian cell line engineered for constitutive expression of an aspergillus nidulans-derived biosensor which triggers quantitative reporter gene expression in the presence of volatile acetaldehyde. ethylene, oxidized to ...	2009	19297727
the aspergillus nidulans pigp gene encodes a subunit of gpi-n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase which influences filamentation and protein secretion.	glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) anchoring is the main mechanism allowing proper localization of secretory proteins in cell membranes. we have isolated an aspergillus nidulans homolog of the human pig-p gene, which encodes a subunit of acetylglucosaminyltransferase (gpi-gnt)-an enzyme involved in the synthesis of gpi anchors. a. nidulans pigp mutants have significantly decreased gpi synthesis. on solid media they show strong growth retardation (the "button" phenotype) while in liquid minimal m ...	2009	19421754
distinct roles for vea and laea in development and pathogenesis of aspergillus flavus.	aspergillus flavus, a mycotoxigenic filamentous fungus, colonizes several important agricultural crops, such as maize and peanuts. two proteins, vea and laea, known to form a nuclear complex in aspergillus nidulans have been found to positively regulate developmental processes in several aspergillus species. here, an examination of near-isogenic a. flavus mutants differing in copy number of vea and laea alleles (0, 1, or at least 2 each) revealed critical roles for vea and laea in a. flavus deve ...	2009	19411623
phenotypes of mutations in the 5'-utr of a limiting transcription factor in aspergillus nidulans can be accounted for by translational inhibition and leaky scanning.	the uay gene encodes the transcriptional activator of purine catabolism genes in aspergillus nidulans. uay12 results in strongly defective growth on purines as nitrogen sources and in strongly diminished transcription of uay-regulated genes. this mutation introduces an atg codon 64 bp upstream of the uay atg, generating a 68-codon open reading frame (uorfa), overlapping with the uay orf. uay12 revertants fall into three categories: i. the majority eliminate the aberrant atg. the growth and trans ...	2009	19221200
assessment of the core cryparin promoter from cryphonectria parasitica for heterologous expression in filamentous fungi.	cryparin is an abundant cell-wall-associated hydrophobin of cryphonectria parasitica. although cryparin is encoded as a single copy gene, it is the most abundant protein produced by this fungus when grown in liquid culture. studies to characterize the transcriptional regulatory element(s) found that the fragment between nt -188 and the start codon was the minimal but sufficient promoter element for expression of the cryparin gene. to explore the possibility of using this small fragment as a mini ...	2009	19238380
a library-based method to rapidly analyse chromatin accessibility at multiple genomic regions.	traditional chromatin analysis methods only test one locus at the time or use different templates for each locus, making a standardized analysis of large genomic regions or many co-regulated genes at different loci a difficult task. on the other hand, genome-wide high-resolution mapping of chromatin accessibility employing massive parallel sequencing platforms generates an extensive data set laborious to analyse and is a cost-intensive method, only applicable to the analysis of a limited set of ...	2009	19251760
aspergillus: a primer for the novice.	aspergillus is a genus of molds named after the morphological structure that bears asexual spores, the aspergillum, which resembles a liturgical device. this genus contains several species of positive or negative economic importance in industry, agriculture and medicine. the majority of aspergilli, including most species of economic importance, are known to reproduce only by asexual spores. genome projects have been completed for a. fumigatus, a. nidulans, a. niger and a. oryzae; several other s ...	2009	19253144
molecular characterization of stci esterase from aspergillus nidulans.	aspergillus nidulans produces stci esterase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin, a precursor of aflatoxins. previous reports of this esterase in a. nidulans suggest that it is composed of 286 amino acid residues with a theoretical molecular mass of 31 kda. various conditions were evaluated to determine the optimal expression conditions for stci; the highest level was observed when a. nidulans was cultured in solid oat media. various esterases were expressed differentially ...	2009	19440704
aspergillus nidulans as a biological system to detect the genotoxic effects of mercury fumes on eukaryotes.	mercury (hg) pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems. due to public concern prompted by the symptoms displayed by people who consumed contaminated fish in minamata, japan in 1956, hg pollution has since been kept under constant surveillance. however, despite considerable accumulation of knowledge on the noxious effects of ingested or inhaled hg, especially for humans, there is virtually nothing known about the genotoxic effects of hg. because increased mitotic crossing over i ...	2009	19440976
differential roles of the chib chitinase in autolysis and cell death of aspergillus nidulans.	autolysis is a natural event that occurs in most filamentous fungi. such self-degradation of fungal cells becomes a predominant phenomenon in the absence of the regulator of g protein signaling flba in aspergillus nidulans. among a number of potential hydrolytic enzymes in the a. nidulans genome, the secreted endochitinase chib was shown to play a major role in autolysis. in this report, we investigate the roles of chib in fungal autolysis and cell death processes through genetic, biochemical, a ...	2009	19286987
molecular detection and identification of aspergillus spp. from clinical samples using real-time pcr.	the definite and rapid diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis is necessary because of the high mortality caused. the objective of this study was to evaluate a real-time pcr assay to detect aspergillus spp. in clinical samples, based on the light cycler technology. specificity was assessed by using dna extracted from pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria/fungi from spanish collection including: two aspergillus flavus, four aspergillus fumigatus, two aspergillus nidulans, two aspergillus niger and t ...	2009	18643921
effect of culture temperature on the heterologous expression of pleurotus eryngii versatile peroxidase in aspergillus hosts.	production of recombinant versatile peroxidase in aspergillus hosts was optimized through the modification of temperature during bioreactor cultivations. to further this purpose, the cdna encoding a versatile peroxidase of pleurotus eryngii was expressed under control of the alcohol dehydrogenase (alca) promoter of aspergillus nidulans. a dependence of recombinant peroxidase production on cultivation temperature was found. lowering the culture temperature from 28 to 19 degrees c enhanced the lev ...	2009	18481101
prophylaxis against aspergillus is not perfect: problems and perils in stem cell transplantation.	availability of newer, well tolerated anti-aspergillus drugs at a time of rising prevalence of invasive aspergillosis has sparked enthusiasm for chemoprophylaxis against aspergillus in allogeneic stem cell recipients. such a drug-oriented approach however is associated with problems. in the azole class, itraconazole has been shown to be effective, but hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal intolerability have made the drug less attractive. posaconazole, approved for prophylaxis in allogeneic stem c ...	2009	18663660
recombinant bacterial hemoglobin alters metabolism of aspergillus niger.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus niger is used extensively for the production of enzymes and organic acids. a major problem in industrial fermentations with this fungus is to ensure sufficient supply of oxygen required for respiratory metabolism of the fungus. in case of oxygen limitation, the fungus will produce various by-products like organic acids and polyols. in order to circumvent this problem we here study the effects of the expression of a bacterial hemoglobin protein on the metabolism ...	2009	18694843
proteins involved in microbody biogenesis and degradation in aspergillus nidulans.	fungal microbodies (peroxisomes) are inducible organelles that proliferate in response to nutritional cues. proteins involved in peroxisome biogenesis/proliferation are designated peroxins and are encoded by pex genes. an autophagy-related process, termed pexophagy, is responsible for the selective removal of peroxisomes from the cell. several genes involved in pexophagy are also required for autophagy and are collectively known as atg genes. we have re-analysed the aspergillus nidulans genome f ...	2009	18694841
functional diversity of chitin synthases of aspergillus nidulans in hyphal growth, conidiophore development and septum formation.	fungal chitin synthases are classified into seven classes. recent advances in genome sequence analyses have revealed that there are more than seven chitin synthase-encoding genes in the genome of filamentous ascomycete fungi. to clarify the functional differences among these genes in the morphogenesis and hyphal tip growth, we have cloned six chitin synthase-encoding genes from aspergillus nidulans and analyzed their functions. the results obtained suggest that chitin synthases are structurally ...	2009	18651309
annotation of stress-response proteins in the aspergilli.	stress-response proteins of aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus clavatus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus terreus and neosartorya fischeri (3908 in total) were annotated and grouped according to stress types (http://193.6.155.82/aspergillusstress/). all genomes harboured elements of the sska-hoga/saka stress signalling pathway. there are accumulating data pointing at the importance of sska-hoga/saka signalling in different types of stre ...	2009	18703157
genotoxicity of achillea millefolium essential oil in diploid cells of aspergillus nidulans.	the essential oil of achillea millefolium is commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases and has been demonstrated previously to exert an in vitro antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. current study investigates the genotoxic activity of a. millefolium oil. the oil's major constituents are: chamazulene (42.15%), sabinene (19.72%), terpin-4-ol (5.22%), beta-caryophyllene (4.44%) and eucalyptol (3.10%), comprising 74.63% of the total. the oil's genotoxic evaluati ...	2009	18803228
a single channel for nitrate uptake, nitrite export and nitrite uptake by escherichia coli naru and a role for nirc in nitrite export and uptake.	two related polytopic membrane proteins of the major facilitator family, nark and naru, catalyse nitrate uptake, nitrite export and nitrite uptake across the escherichia coli cytoplasmic membrane by an unknown mechanism. a 12-helix model of naru was constructed based upon six alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase fusions to nark and the predicted hydropathy for the nark family. fifteen residues conserved in the nark-naru protein family were substituted by site-directed mutagenesis, includi ...	2009	18691156
purification and partial characterization of the xanthine-uric acid transporter (uapa) of aspergillus nidulans.	uapa, the uric acid-xanthine permease from the filamentous ascomycete aspergillus nidulans, is one of the most thoroughly characterized purine/h(+) transporters in eukaryotes. detailed studies have addressed its regulation of expression, at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, in response to physiological and developmental signals. an extensive kinetic profile towards a plethora of purines and mutational analyses have established models on how uapa recognizes the purine ring a ...	2009	18824106
mapping the interaction sites of aspergillus nidulans phytochrome fpha with the global regulator vea and the white collar protein lreb.	aspergillus nidulans senses red and blue-light and employs a phytochrome and a neurospora crassa white collar (wc) homologous system for light perception and transmits this information into developmental decisions. under light conditions it undergoes asexual development and in the dark it develops sexually. the phytochrome fpha consists of a light sensory domain and a signal output domain, consisting of a histidine kinase and a response regulator domain. previously it was shown that the phytochr ...	2009	18936976
the cypome (cytochrome p450 complement) of aspergillus nidulans.	the cytochromes p450 (cyps) are found in all biological kingdoms and genome sequencing projects continue to reveal an ever increasing number. the principle aim of this paper is to identify the complete cypome of aspergillus nidulans from the genome sequence version an.3 deposited at the broad institute, assign the appropriate cyp nomenclature and define function where possible. the completed analysis revealed a total of 111 cyp genes, 3 of which were previously unknown and 8 pseudogenes, represe ...	2009	18824241
overexpression of a novel endogenous nadh kinase in aspergillus nidulans enhances growth.	the complete genome sequence of the filamentous fungi aspergillus nidulans has paved the way for fundamental research on this industrially important species. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a gene encoding for atp-dependent nadh kinase (atp:nadh 2'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.86) has been identified. the enzyme has a predicted molecular weight of 49 kda. we characterised the role of this nadh kinase by genomic integration of the putative gene an8837.2 under a strong constit ...	2009	18840540
a survey of nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps) genes in aspergillus nidulans.	the genome of aspergillus nidulans carries 27 genes encoding nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps) structures, although only five of these forming peptides and amino acid containing metabolites have been identified so far. this manuscript describes domain structures, substrate binding pockets and related genes and gene clusters and summarizes our current state of product prediction of fungal nrps systems.	2009	18804170
analysis and prediction of gene splice sites in four aspergillus genomes.	several aspergillus fungal genomic sequences have been published, with many more in progress. obviously, it is essential to have high-quality, consistently annotated sets of proteins from each of the genomes, in order to make meaningful comparisons. we have developed a dedicated, publicly available, splice site prediction program called netaspgene, for the genus aspergillus. gene sequences from aspergillus fumigatus, the most common mould pathogen, were used to build and test our model. compared ...	2009	18948220
a novel highly acidic beta-mannanase from the acidophilic fungus bispora sp. mey-1: gene cloning and overexpression in pichia pastoris.	using degenerate polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and thermal asymmetric interlaced pcr, a 1,347-bp full-length complementary dna fragment encompassing the gene man5a, which encodes a 429-amino acid beta-mannanase with a calculated mass of 46.8 kda, was cloned from acidophilic bispora sp. mey-1. the deduced amino acid sequence (catalytic domain) displayed highest identity (54.1%) with the emericella nidulans endo-beta-1,4-d-mannanase, a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 5. recombinant man5 ...	2009	18998121
long-distance movement of aspergillus nidulans early endosomes on microtubule tracks.	in fungal hyphal cells, intracellular membrane trafficking is constrained by the relatively long intracellular distances and the mode of growth, exclusively by apical extension. endocytosis plays a key role in hyphal tip growth, which involves the coupling of secretory membrane delivery to the apical region with subapical compensatory endocytosis. however, the identity, dynamics and function of filamentous fungal endosomal compartments remain largely unexplored. aspergillus nidulans raba(rab5) l ...	2009	19000168
aspergillus nidulans flbe is an upstream developmental activator of conidiation functionally associated with the putative transcription factor flbb.	aspergillus nidulans switches from vegetative growth to conidiation when aerial hyphae make contact with the atmosphere, or are subjected to specific environmental stress. the activation of the central conidiation pathway led by the transcription factor brla is a critical milestone in this morphogenetic transition. a number of upstream developmental activators (udas), expressed in vegetative cells, are required for this process to occur in conjunction with cessation of vegetative growth. mutants ...	2009	19007409
quality evaluation of co-composted wheat straw, poultry droppings and oil seed cakes.	poultry droppings, neem cake, castor cake, jatropha cake and grass clippings were used separately as organic nitrogen additives to decrease the high c:n ratio of wheat straw. composting was carried out aerobically in presence of fungal consortium developed by including aspergillus awamori, aspergillus nidulans, trichoderma viride and phanerochaete chrysosporium. the degraded product was characterized to assess the technical viability of organic nitrogen supplements as well as fungal consortium i ...	2009	19015937
antifungal activity of anidulafungin, a product of aspergillus nidulans, against aspergillus nidulans.	anidulafungin is a semisynthetic product originating from aspergillus nidulans. the aim of this study was to determine whether this drug is active against a. nidulans strains. the minimum effective concentration (mec) of anidulafungin without and with 50% foetal calf serum was determined according to the clinical and laboratory standards microdilution method. all 13 a. nidulans strains were highly susceptible to anidulafungin, with a mec of 0.031mg/l. the presence of serum did not affect the in ...	2009	19026523
thematic issue: aspergillus genomics and beyond. preface.		2009	19041727