Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| evolution of a hoxb6 intergenic region within the great apes and humans. | data accumulated over the past decade from several loci suggest that nonhuman primates have a greater amount of intraspecific genetic variation relative to humans. in phylogenetic reconstructions among primates that are based on genetic data, therefore, it becomes essential to adequately sample the population(s) being analyzed. inadequate sampling may not only underestimate variation within any given population, but such an underestimate may confound any phylogenetic or population-specific concl ... | 1999 | 10330333 |
| cryptosporidium sp. and giardia sp. infections in mountain gorillas (gorilla gorilla beringei) of the bwindi impenetrable national park, uganda. | for conservation purposes and because of growing ecotourism, some mountain gorilla (gorilla gorilla beringei) populations have been habituated to humans. fecal specimens (n = 100) of nonhabituated and human-habituated gorillas (5 populations; 6 age classes) were tested for cryptosporidium sp. oocysts and giardia sp. cysts by conventional staining and immunofluorescent antibody (ifa). cryptosporidium sp. infections (prevalence 11%) were not restricted to very young gorillas but were observed in 3 ... | 1999 | 10647041 |
| tracing the origin of hla-drb1 alleles by microsatellite polymorphism. | we analyzed the origin of allelic diversity at the class ii hla-drb1 locus, using a complex microsatellite located in intron 2, close to the polymorphic second exon. a phylogenetic analysis of human, gorilla, and chimpanzee drb1 sequences indicated that the structure of the microsatellite has evolved, primarily by point mutations, from a putative ancestral (gt)x(ga)y-complex-dinucleotide repeat. in all contemporary drb1 allelic lineages, with the exception of the human *04 and the gorilla *08 li ... | 1999 | 10330359 |
| phylogenetic analysis of primate mic (perb11) sequences suggests that the representation of the gene family differs in different primates: comparison of mic (perb11) and c4. | duplication of segments within the mhc has led to numerous multicopy families such as class i, class ii, c4 and mic (perb11). different copy numbers between haplotypes and species may be explained by the extent of duplication and subsequent deletion. there are at least five copies of mic (perb11) in humans, but mica (perb11.1) appears to have been deleted from the chimpanzee. by comparing the sequences of primates (chimpanzee, gorilla, gibbon, orang-utan, pygmy chimpanzee, patas monkey, aethiops ... | 1999 | 10331161 |
| shape of the orbital opening: individual characterization and analysis of variability in modern humans, gorilla gorilla, and pan troglodytes. | the description of the human orbital shape is principally qualitative in the classical literature, and characterised by adjectives such as circular, rectangular or quadrangular. in order to provide a precise quantification and interpretation of this shape, a study based on automatic image analysis and fourier analysis was carried out on 45 human skulls (30 males, 15 females), and for comparison on 61 skulls of gorilla gorilla (40 males, 21 females), and 34 skulls of pan troglodytes (20 males, 14 ... | 1999 | 10363113 |
| differential pharmacology between the guinea-pig and the gorilla 5-ht1d receptor as probed with isochromans (5-ht1d-selective ligands). | 1. both the 5-ht1d and 5-ht1b receptors are implicated in migraine pathophysiology. recently isochromans have been discovered to bind primate 5-ht1d receptors with much higher affinity than 5-ht1b receptors. in the guinea-pig, a primary animal model for anti-migraine drug testing, however, isochromans bound the 5-ht1d receptor with lower affinity than the gorilla receptor. 2. this species-specific pharmacology was investigated, using site-directed mutagenesis on cloned guinea-pig receptors heter ... | 1999 | 10385247 |
| pneumatic processes in the temporal bone of chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) and gorilla (gorilla gorilla). | the ontogeny of human temporal bone pneumatization has been well studied from both comparative and clinical perspectives. while a difference in the extent of air cell distribution has been noted in our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and gorillas, the processes responsible have been relatively unexplored. to examine these processes, a large, age-graded series of hominoid skulls was radiographed and the progress of pneumatization recorded. additionally, a subsample of 30 chimpanzees and 12 ... | 1999 | 10420159 |
| corticotropin-releasing hormone in chimpanzee and gorilla pregnancies. | in humans, the length of gestation and the onset of parturition have been linked to the exponential production of placental crh and a late gestational decline in maternal plasma crh-binding protein (crh-bp). crh has been shown to have direct effects on the myometrium and on the fetal adrenal, where it stimulates production of the estrogen precursor dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate. in vitro placental crh production is stimulated by cortisol and inhibited by progesterone. to determine whether this ... | 1999 | 10443686 |
| many human endogenous retrovirus k (herv-k) proviruses are unique to humans. | endogenous retroviruses contribute to the evolution of the host genome and can be associated with disease. human endogenous retrovirus k (herv-k) is related to the mouse mammary tumor virus and is present in the genomes of humans, apes and cercopithecoids (old world monkeys). it is unknown how long ago in primate evolution the full-length herv-k proviruses that are in the human genome today were formed. | 1999 | 10469592 |
| molecular evolution of the cmt1a-rep region: a human- and chimpanzee-specific repeat. | the cmt1a-rep repeat consists of two copies of a 24-kb sequence on human chromosome 17p11.2-12 that flank a 1.5-mb region containing a dosage-sensitive gene, peripheral nerve protein-22 (pmp22). unequal meiotic crossover mediated by misalignment of proximal and distal copies of the cmt1a-rep in humans leads to a 1.5-mb duplication or deletion associated with two common peripheral nerve diseases, charcot-marie-tooth disease type 1a (cmt1a) and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure pals ... | 1999 | 10474898 |
| anti-human red cell monoclonal antibodies produced by macaque-mouse heterohybridomas: their reactivity with human and nonhuman primate erythrocytes. | eighteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against human red blood cells (rbcs) produced by macaque mouse heterobybridomas gave uniformly positive reactions with all human samples except for some with particular null phenotypes. based on reactions with latter cells, the human antigenic targets of 11 antibodies could be identified: six were specific for glycophorin-related antigens (wr(b), en(a), ge4), and each of the live remaining antibodies showed one of the following specificities: cd55, cd44, cd5 ... | 1999 | 10475112 |
| evolution of mhc-g in primates: a different kind of molecule for each group of species. | when mhc-g molecules in primates (new world and old world monkeys, anthropoids and humans) were compared phylogenetically, very different evolutionary patterns within each species were found; their molecules did not have a straight forward and linear development throughout the postulated evolutionary pathway of primates. the earlier new world monkeys (south america) had relatively more alleles and the polymorphism was placed in the t-cell receptor (tcr), nk receptors and antigen binding sites; m ... | 1999 | 10479048 |
| laminar organization of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the gorilla. | 1998 | 9885341 | |
| a long terminal repeat of the human endogenous retrovirus erv-9 is located in the 5' boundary area of the human beta-globin locus control region. | transcription of the human beta-like globin genes in erythroid cells is regulated by the far-upstream locus control region (lcr). in an attempt to define the 5' border of the lcr, we have cloned and sequenced 5 kb of new upstream dna. we found an ltr retrotransposon belonging to the erv-9 family of human endogenous retroviruses in the apparent 5' boundary area of the lcr. this erv-9 ltr contains an unusual u3 enhancer region composed of 14 tandem repeats with recurrent gata, caccc, and ccaat mot ... | 1998 | 9878258 |
| the flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 gene (fmo2) of humans, but not of other primates, encodes a truncated, nonfunctional protein. | flavin-containing monooxygenases (fmos) are nadph-dependent flavoenzymes that catalyze the oxidation of heteroatom centers in numerous drugs and xenobiotics. fmo2, or "pulmonary" fmo, one of five forms of the enzyme identified in mammals, is expressed predominantly in lung and differs from other fmos in that it can catalyze the n-oxidation of certain primary alkylamines. we describe here the isolation and characterization of cdnas for human fmo2. analysis of the sequence of the cdnas and of a se ... | 1998 | 9804831 |
| identification of evolutionarily invariant sequences in the protein c gene promoter. | recent studies on human protein c gene expression have revealed the presence of three transcription factor binding sites in close proximity to the transcription start site. binding sites for the liver-enriched hepatocyte nuclear factors 1 and 3 (hnf-1 and hnf-3, respectively) are located immediately upstream of the transcription start site, whereas just downstream of the start site a presently unidentified transcription factor may bind. to identify other candidate transcription factor binding si ... | 1998 | 9847407 |
| molecular timing of primate divergences as estimated by two nonprimate calibration points. | the complete mitochondrial dna (mtdna) molecule of the hamadryas baboon, papio hamadryas, was sequenced and included in a molecular analysis of 24 complete mammalian mtdnas. the particular aim of the study was to time the divergence between cercopithecoidea and hominoidea. that divergence, set at 30 million years before present (mybp) was a fundamental reference for the original proposal of recent hominoid divergences, according to which the split among gorilla, chimpanzee, and homo took place 5 ... | 1998 | 9847414 |
| interspecies comparative genome hybridization and interspecies representational difference analysis reveal gross dna differences between humans and great apes. | comparative chromosome g-/r-banding, comparative gene mapping and chromosome painting techniques have demonstrated that only few chromosomal rearrangements occurred during great ape and human evolution. interspecies comparative genome hybridization (cgh), used here in this study, between human, gorilla and pygmy chimpanzee revealed species-specific regions in all three species. in contrast to the human, a far more complex distribution of species-specific blocks was detected with cgh in gorilla a ... | 1998 | 9865788 |
| variation in tooth morphology of gorilla gorilla. | gorilla gorilla exemplifies a species that shows considerable variation in habitat, behaviour, genetic structure and morphology. this study examines variation of dental morphology in gorillas. despite the marked size dimorphism, there are no significant shape differences between the sexes within subspecies. differences in dental morphology, including tooth cusp proportions between the western g. g. gorilla and the eastern g. g. beringei are considerable. although more similar to g. g. beringei t ... | 1998 | 9467781 |
| mitochondrial dna variability in grauer's gorillas of kahuzi-biega national park. | eastern lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla graueri) are the least studied of the three gorilla subspecies; particularly at the molecular level. we sequenced an internal region of the mitochondrial dna cytochrome oxidase subunit ii (coii) region and a hypervariable portion of the mitochondrial dna control region (d-loop) from wild gorillas in both the montane and lowland habitats of kahuzl-blega national park, democratic republic of congo. all individuals (n = 38) were identical at the coii region ... | 1998 | 9542160 |
| contrasting levels of dna polymorphism at the autosomal and x-linked visual color pigment loci in humans and squirrel monkeys. | the x-linked color pigment (opsin) locus is known to be highly polymorphic in the squirrel monkey and other new world monkeys. to see whether this is also the case for the autosomal (blue) opsin locus, we obtained 32 squirrel monkey and 30 human blue opsin gene sequences. no amino acid polymorphism was found in either the squirrel monkey sample or the human sample, contrary to the situation at the x-linked opsin locus. this sharp contrast in the level of polymorphism might be due to differences ... | 1998 | 9549095 |
| molecular definition of pericentric inversion breakpoints occurring during the evolution of humans and chimpanzees. | high-resolution g-banding analysis has demonstrated remarkable morphological conservation of the chromosomes of the hominidae family members (humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans), with the most notable differences between the genomes appearing as changes in heterochromatin distribution and pericentric inversions. pericentric inversions may have been important for the establishment of reproductive isolation and speciation of the hominoids as they diverged from a common ancestor. here th ... | 1998 | 9676431 |
| chromosomal localization of rdna in the gorilla. | twenty-five specimens of lowland gorilla, including 24 specimens of the western lowland gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla) and 1 specimen of the eastern lowland gorilla (g. gorilla graueri), were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization with a human-derived 18s + 28s rdna probe. specific hybridization was constitutively seen on the short arms of gorilla acrocentric chromosome pairs 22 and 23, corresponding to human pairs 21 and 22. only one specimen of western lowland gorilla investigat ... | 1998 | 9678355 |
| shape of the piriform aperture in gorilla gorilla, pan troglodytes, and modern homo sapiens: characterization and polymorphism analysis. | by using new methodologies based on automatic image analysis, the shape of the piriform aperture was analyzed in gorilla gorilla (33 males, 13 females), pan troglodytes (35 males, 22 females), and modern homo sapiens (30 males, 12 females). the determination of the piriform aperture index (breadth/height) allowed the authors to demonstrate a marked elongation of the aperture in homo compared with gorilla and pan. individual characterization of the shape was possible with great precision and with ... | 1998 | 9696146 |
| a gene recently inactivated in human defines a new olfactory receptor family in mammals. | the olfactory receptor (or) gene family constitutes one of the largest multigene families and is distributed among many chromosomal sites in the human genome. four or families have been defined in mammals. we previously demonstrated that a high fraction of human or sequences have incurred deleterious mutations, thus reducing the repertoire of functional or genes. in this study, we have characterized a new or gene, 912-93, in primates. this gene is unique and it defines a new or family. it locali ... | 1998 | 9700185 |
| a structural difference between the cell surfaces of humans and the great apes. | the sialic acids are major components of the cell surfaces of animals of the deuterostome lineage. earlier studies suggested that humans may not express n-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (neu5gc), a hydroxylated form of the common sialic acid n-acetyl-neuraminic acid (neu5ac). we find that while neu5gc is essentially undetectable on human plasma proteins and erythrocytes, it is a major component in all the four extant great apes (chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla and orangutan) as well as in many other mamma ... | 1998 | 9786333 |
| comparative mapping of the cri du chat and digeorge syndrome regions in the great apes. | structural variations between great ape and human chromosomes due to pericentric inversions and translocations have created at apparent controversy during the reconstruction of hominoid phylogeny. one such variation involves human chromosome 5, which is equivalent to chromosome 4 in chimpanzee and orangutan but equivalent to segments of chromosomes 4 and 19 in gorilla. obviously, neither banding patterns nor centromeric indecies in these chromosomes match. the pathological condition of cri du ch ... | 1998 | 9718678 |
| orangutan alpha-satellite monomers are closely related to the human consensus sequence. | alpha-satellite is a family of tandemly repeated dna found at the centromeric regions of all human and primate chromosomes. human alpha-satellite subsets are largely chromosome-specific and have been further grouped into four suprachromosomal families (sfs), each characterized by a unique set of monomeric types. although chimpanzee and gorilla alpha-satellites share sufficient sequence similarity to fit the established sfs, the assumption that the derived human alpha-satellite consensus and mono ... | 1998 | 9585431 |
| evolutionary divergence of the oncogenes gli, hst and int2. | almost a quarter of a century ago, the banding patterns of human and other higher primate chromosomes were compared, creating a barrage of speculation. consequently, a number of approaches have been used to understand human descent. chromosome modifications are believed to be important in the origin of species, and pericentric inversions account for the majority of evolutionary chromosomal alterations seen in hominoidea. a comparative mapping fluorescence in situ hybridization technique, using l ... | 1998 | 9720300 |
| analysis of urine from free-ranging mountain gorillas (gorilla gorilla beringei) for normal physiologic values. | voided urine samples were collected from apparently healthy free-living mountain gorillas (gorilla gorilla beringei) and analyzed for normal physiologic values. mountain gorillas were found to have a high urinary ph (x = 8.45) and low specific gravity (x = 1.013). commercial dipsticks appear to be unreliable for the measurement of specific gravity and leukocytes. the establishment of urinary reference intervals should aid in the noninvasive detection of certain diseases in the mountain gorilla a ... | 1998 | 10065852 |
| stick throwing by gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla) at the san diego wild animal park. | 1998 | 9751834 | |
| human xenomitochondrial cybrids. cellular models of mitochondrial complex i deficiency. | the subunits forming the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system are coded by both nuclear and mitochondrial genes. recently, we attempted to introduce mtdna from non-human apes into a human cell line lacking mtdna (rho degrees), and succeeded in producing human-common chimpanzee, human-pigmy chimpanzee, and human-gorilla xenomitochondrial cybrids (hxc). here, we present a comprehensive characterization of oxidative phosphorylation function in these cells. mitochondrial complexes ii, iii, ... | 1998 | 9603924 |
| characterization of a novel class of interspersed ltr elements in primate genomes: structure, genomic distribution, and evolution. | retrovirus-like sequences and their solitary (solo) long terminal repeats (ltrs) are common repetitive elements in eukaryotic genomes. we reported previously that the tandemly arrayed genes encoding u2 snrna (the rnu2 locus) in humans and apes contain a solo ltr (u2-ltr) which was presumably generated by homologous recombination between the two ltrs of an ancestral provirus that is retained in the orthologous baboon rnu2 locus. we have now sequenced the orthologous u2-ltrs in human, chimpanzee, ... | 1998 | 9608047 |
| evidence from urinary cortisol that maternal behavior is related to stress in gorillas. | by studying western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla, n = 8) in zoological gardens via ethological and non-invasive physiological techniques, we have demonstrated that their postpartum maternal behavior is related negatively to their postpartum urinary titers of cortisol. on the basis of this finding, it is proposed that postpartum stress contributes to disrupted maternal behavior in the gorilla in captivity. morning urine samples were collected with a mean sampling interval of 1.6 days ... | 1998 | 9761215 |
| variations in molar enamel thickness among primates. | because of its hardness, resistance to abrasion and its influence on crown morphology, molar enamel thickness is an important factor in adaptation of the dentition to the diet. enamel thickness has also been discussed extensively in relation to the phylogenetic relationships among the hominoids. the aims of this study were: (1) to analyse enamel thickness/tooth size relationships among primates as a whole, and (2) to evaluate variations in enamel thickness among hominoids against the background ... | 1998 | 9774508 |
| toward a phylogenetic classification of primates based on dna evidence complemented by fossil evidence. | a highly resolved primate cladogram based on dna evidence is congruent with extant and fossil osteological evidence. a provisional primate classification based on this cladogram and the time scale provided by fossils and the model of local molecular clocks has all named taxa represent clades and assigns the same taxonomic rank to those clades of roughly equivalent age. order primates divides into strepsirhini and haplorhini. strepsirhines divide into lemuriformes and loriformes, whereas haplorhi ... | 1998 | 9668008 |
| evolutionary sequence comparisons using high-density oligonucleotide arrays. | we explored the utility of high-density oligonucleotide arrays (dna chips) for obtaining sequence information from homologous genes in closely related species. orthologues of the human brca1 exon 11, all approximately 3.4 kb in length and ranging from 98.2% to 83.5% nucleotide identity, were subjected to hybridization-based and conventional dideoxysequencing analysis. retrospective guidelines for identifying high-fidelity hybridization-based sequence calls were formulated based upon dideoxyseque ... | 1998 | 9462745 |
| identification of conserved potentially regulatory sequences of the sry gene from 10 different species of mammals. | we have sequenced the 5' region of the sry gene from human, chimpanzee, sheep, and mouse and from four additional mammalian species, not previously characterized (gorilla, gazelle, rat, and guinea pig). in order to identify conserved dna elements potentially involved in the regulation of the sry gene, the newly determined sequences were analyzed and compared to all mammalian sry promoter sequences available at present. ten highly conserved potential regulatory elements have been identified in al ... | 1998 | 9571157 |
| lowland gorillas and seed dispersal: the importance of nest sites. | lowland gorillas eat the fruit and disperse the seeds of many tree species in the lopé reserve, gabon. this study aimed to show whether deposition of seeds at gorilla ground nest sites conferred any advantage for germination and seedling establishment as compared to the fate of seeds deposited in gorilla dung on trails or under parents. four tree species were chosen for study, which had a range of fruit types and fruiting patterns but which were all important foods for gorillas. data showed that ... | 1998 | 9573442 |
| estimation of african ape body length from femur length. | the estimation from long bone lengths of stature in humans or body size in apes has a deep history in physical anthropology. to date, we can enumerate at least five different statistical methods for making such estimations. these methods are: (1) the regression of body length on long bone length (inverse calibration), (2) regression of long bone length on body length followed by solving for body length (classical calibration), (3) major axis regression of body length on long bone length, (4) red ... | 1998 | 9595359 |
| limbic frontal cortex in hominoids: a comparative study of area 13. | the limbic frontal cortex forms part of the neural substrate responsible for emotional reactions to social stimuli. area 13 is one of the cortical areas long known to be part of the posterior orbitofrontal cortex in several monkey species, such as the macaque. its presence nevertheless in the human brain has been unclear, and the cortex of the frontal lobe of the great and lesser apes remains largely unknown. in this study area 13 was identified in human, chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, orangutan, ... | 1998 | 9637180 |
| concerted evolution of members of the multisequence family chab4 located on various nonhomologous chromosomes. | during the last years it became obvious that a lot of families of long-range repetitive dna elements are located within the genomes of mammals. the principles underlying the evolution of such families, therefore, may have a greater impact than anticipated on the evolution of the mammalian genome as a whole. one of these families, called chab4, is represented with about 50 copies within the human and the chimpanzee genomes and with only a few copies in the genomes of gorilla, orang-utan, and gibb ... | 1998 | 9434947 |
| spontaneous cleft palate in a newborn gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla). | objective: we report the first case of cleft palate in a newborn male gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla). case history and results: the full-term infant was born to clinically healthy, wild-caught parents and survived 5 days. autopsy disclosed a unilateral cleft palate, moderate scalp hemorrhage (birth versus postnatal trauma), cerebral edema, and a sterile fibrin vegetation in the heart. the palate was also shorter and narrower than expected, and the biorbital breadth was reduced; otherwise, gro ... | 1998 | 9761564 |
| full-length l1 elements have arisen recently in the same 1-kb region of the gorilla and human genomes. | new copies of the mammalian retrotransposon l1 arise in the germline at an undetermined rate. each new l1 copy appears at a specific evolutionary time point that can be estimated by phylogenetic analysis. in humans, the active l1 sequence l1.2 resides at the genomic locus lre1. here we analyzed the region surrounding the lre1 locus in humans and gorillas to determine the evolutionary history of the region and to estimate the age of l1.2. we found that the region was composed of an ancient l1, l1 ... | 1998 | 9732456 |
| technical note: modeling primate occlusal topography using geographic information systems technology. | most functional analyses of primate tooth form have been limited to linear or area measurements. such studies have offered but a limited glimpse at differences in occlusal relief among taxa. such differences in dental topography may relate to tooth function and, so, have considerable implications for the inference of diet from fossil teeth. in this article, we describe a technique to model and compare primate molars in three dimensions using geographic resources analysis support system (grass) s ... | 1998 | 9740307 |
| allelic diversity at the primate mhc-dmb locus: presence of a conserved tyrosine inhibitory motif in the cytoplasmic tail. | ten new primate mhc-dmb complete cdna sequences have been obtained in chimpanzee (n=four), gorilla (n=three) and orangutan (n=three); this gene has not been previously studied in these species. exonic allelism has been recorded all along the molecule domains and also in the leader peptide, but not in the transmembrane segment. an analysis of the residues critical in the conformation of the mhc-dr peptide-binding site was done in order to look for a mhc-dr homologue site; synonymous substitutions ... | 1998 | 9510373 |
| protein deficiency in a colony of western lowland gorillas (gorilla g. gorilla) | a syndrome of alopecia and weight loss in a colony of 10 western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla) in gabon during a 3-yr period was apparently due to a dietary protein deficiency, with nine individuals affected to some extent. the most severely afflicted was a 4-yr-old female who eventually died as a result of acute gastroenteritis caused by shigella flexneri. clinical signs included chronic alopecia, hair discoloration, failure to thrive, and weight loss, and their severity was direct ... | 1998 | 9809596 |
| free amino acids in milks of human subjects, other primates and non-primates. | preterm and term transitional milks of human subjects and mature milks of human subjects, non-human primates and non-primates were analysed for free amino acids (aa) using precolumn phenylisothiocyanate derivatization and liquid chromatography. differences in free aa between three types of human milk were small. milks of pinnipeds (seals and sea lions) contained the highest levels of total free aa (8634-20,862 mumol/l), while the milks of cows and sheep had the lowest levels of total free aa (10 ... | 1998 | 9536856 |
| evolution of chromosome y in primates. | we have investigated, by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish), the cytogenetic evolution of the y chromosome in primates using 17 yeast artificial chromosomes, representative of the y-specific euchromatic region of the human chromosome y. the fish experiments were performed on great apes (homo sapiens, pan troglodytes, gorilla gorilla and pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus), and on two old world monkeys species as an outgroup (cercopitecidae macaca fascicularis and papio anubis). the results showed th ... | 1998 | 9745049 |
| characterization of a macaque anti-rh17-like monoclonal antibody. | in order to produce macaque monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against human red blood cell (rbc) antigens, macaques were immunized with human and gorilla rbcs and their spleen lymphocytes were fused with man-mouse heteromyeloma cells. one macaque-mouse heterohybridoma produced a macaque iggx (cvn2-4d5) which agglutinated all human rbcs but not rare human variants dc-,d-, and rhnull. thus, cyn2-4d5 exhibited rh17-like reactivity. the specificity of cyn2-4d5 for rhce-encoded polypeptides was confirmed ... | 1998 | 9745155 |
| sequence analysis of a variety of primate fertilin alpha genes: evidence for non-functional genes in the gorilla and man. | the sperm surface fertilin complex was first described in the guinea pig where it was found as a heterodimer of alpha and beta subunits, both of which were proposed to play a role in sperm-oolemma recognition and plasma membrane fusion during fertilisation. whilst the beta subunit is apparently testis-specific, the finding of low levels of fertilin alpha in nonreproductive tissues has cast some doubt on a unique role in fertilisation. moreover, the absence of a functional fertilin alpha gene in ... | 1998 | 9712322 |
| molecular phylogenetics of the hominoid y chromosome. | the human y-chromosome plays a central role in sex determination, and is composed of dna sequences homologous to the y-chromosome, families of y-specific repetitive dna sequences, and single copy sequences. we investigated the chromosomal location of y-specific dna sequences, in the chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), gorilla (gorilla gorilla), and orangutan (pongo pygmaeus) by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) technique. the yq subtelomeric dna sequences (dys427) have been observed to be ... | 1998 | 9747032 |
| a hominoid-specific nuclear insertion of the mitochondrial d-loop: implications for reconstructing ancestral mitochondrial sequences. | a nuclear integration of a mitochondrial control region sequence on human chromosome 9 has been isolated. pcr analyses with primers specific for the respective insertion-flanking nuclear regions showed that the insertion took place on the lineage leading to hominoidea (gibbon, orangutan, gorilla, chimpanzee, and human) after the old world monkey-hominoidea split. the sequences of the control region integrations were determined for humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and siamangs. these se ... | 1998 | 9549097 |
| gorilla behaviour. | 1998 | 9751818 | |
| interindividual spatial proximity in two captive groups of western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla). | 1998 | 9751832 | |
| comparative study of the genomic organization of dna repeats within the 5'-flanking region of the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein gene (nramp1) between humans and great apes. | the human nramp1 gene located on chromosome (chr) region 2q35 is a candidate gene for increased risk of infection by several intracellular macrophage parasites, including m. tuberculosis and m. leprae. in search for a possible mutational hot spot, we have analyzed a 3.5-kb region 5' to nramp1 that is highly enriched for dna repeat sequences. the repeat sequences could be grouped into one mer element and six alu elements, representing five alu subfamilies, that had integrated in the same dna regi ... | 1998 | 9585430 |
| evolutionary and functional significance of hominoid tooth enamel. | the purpose of this investigation is to evaluate enamel thickness in extant and extinct hominoids. the material used in this study spans the evolutionary history of this group, from 20 million years ago to the present. the objectives of this investigation are to test three hypotheses: (1) the loading hypothesis: loading areas of the crown have thicker enamel than non-loading areas; (2) the phyletic hypothesis: differences in enamel thickness provide a basis for determining evolutionary relations ... | 1998 | 11063000 |
| conservation of pericentromeric duplications of a 200-kb part of the human 21q22.1 region in primates. | we analyzed the conservation of large paralogous regions (more than 200 kb) on human chromosome regions 21q22.1 and 21q11.2 and on pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 2, 13, and 18 in three nonhuman primate species. orthologous regions were found by fish analysis of metaphase chromosomes from gorilla gorilla, pan troglodytes, and pongo pygmaeus. only one orthologous region was detected in chromosomes of p. pygmaeus, showing that the original locus was at 21q22.1 and that the duplication arose ... | 1998 | 10072600 |
| description of two mhc-c-related sequences in the new world monkey saguinus oedipus. | two new mhc class i partial exon 1, intron 1, exon 2, intron 2 and partial exon 3 dna sequences from the new world monkey saguinus oedipus (saoe) are described. these two sequences show certain mhc-c sequence-specific changes. the only difference between these two new sequences is a productive substitution at position 152 [gcg (ala)-->gag (glu)]. this change occurs in a position which in mhc classical class i molecules affects the interaction between the peptide and the t-cell receptor. a dendro ... | 1998 | 9949946 |
| the influence of alveolar structures on the torsional strain field in a gorilla corporeal cross-section. | anthropologists have often used mandibular torsional properties to make inferences about primate dietary adaptations. most of the methods employed are based on assumptions related to periodontal and alveolar properties. this study uses the finite element method to evaluate some of these assumptions with a cross-section through the third molar of a gorilla. results indicate that the properties of alveolar bone play an important role in determining the strain field. in comparison, the exact stiffn ... | 1998 | 9929172 |
| preponderance of slightly deleterious polymorphism in mitochondrial dna: nonsynonymous/synonymous rate ratio is much higher within species than between species. | we estimated synonymous (dn) and nonsynonymous (ds) substitution rates for protein-coding genes of the mitochondrial genome from two individuals each of the species human, chimpanzee, and gorilla. the genes were analyzed both separately and in a combined data set. pairwise sequence comparisons suggest that the dn/ds rate ratios are about 5-10 times higher in within-species comparisons than in between-species comparisons. this result is confirmed by a more rigorous likelihood ratio test, which re ... | 1998 | 12572613 |
| effects of selected behavioral enrichment devices on behavior of western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla). | environmental complexity plays an integral role in the activity and psychological well-being of primates. the experiment described in this article evaluates the effects of nonintrusive, inexpensive, and easily managed behavioral enrichment devices on the behavior of a group of captive western lowland gorillas. devices used included cardboard boxes containing food items, paper bags containing food items, burlap rags, and willow and maple browse. the enrichment devices increased foraging, social p ... | 1998 | 16363941 |
| human endogenous retrovirus k homologous sequences and their coding capacity in old world primates. | the coding capacity for retroviral gag and env proteins has been maintained in human endogenous retroviruses of the herv-k family. herv-k homologous sequences have been found in all old world primates. here, we examined old world primate species for the presence of full-length herv-k gag and env genes and the presence of gag and env open reading frames as determined by the protein truncation test. full-length herv-k env genes were found in dnas of all old world primate species, whereas open read ... | 1998 | 9499038 |
| members of the olfactory receptor gene family are contained in large blocks of dna duplicated polymorphically near the ends of human chromosomes. | we have identified three new members of the olfactory receptor (or) gene family within a large segment of dna that is duplicated with high similarity near many human telomeres. this segment is present at 3q, 15q, and 19p in each of 45 unrelated humans sampled from various populations. additional copies are present polymorphically at 11 other subtelomeric locations. the frequency with which the block is present at some locations varies among populations. while humans carry seven to 11 copies of t ... | 1998 | 9384599 |
| coamplification and dispersion of adjacent human endogenous retroviral herv-h and herv-e elements; presence of spliced hybrid transcripts in normal leukocytes. | in an rt-pcr study of herv-h spliced subgenomic transcripts, we found transcripts with herv-h leader and protease-encoding sequences spliced to herv-e integrase-encoding sequences in lymphocytes from healthy blood donors. in other cell types, including two t-cell leukemia cell lines, these transcripts were absent. the pcr fragments of the hybrid transcripts contained two open reading frames (orfs). one was a hybrid herv-h protease/herv-e integrase orf and the other was the herv-e envelope surfac ... | 1998 | 9581793 |
| the hypoglossal canal and the origin of human vocal behavior. | the mammalian hypoglossal canal transmits the nerve that supplies the muscles of the tongue. this canal is absolutely and relatively larger in modern humans than it is in the african apes (pan and gorilla). we hypothesize that the human tongue is supplied more richly with motor nerves than are those of living apes and propose that canal size in fossil hominids may provide an indication about the motor coordination of the tongue and reflect the evolution of speech and language. canals of gracile ... | 1998 | 9560291 |
| secnidazole vs. paromomycin: comparative antiprotozoan treatment in captive primates. | the antiprotozoan activity of secnidazole was studied in cercocebus t. torquatus, cercopithecus campbelli, erythrocebus patas (cercopithecidae), and gorilla gorilla (pongidae) compared with that of paromomycin in cercocebus t. lunulatus (cercopithecidae), e. patas, and g. gorilla (pongidae) by coprological analysis. the antiprotozoan activity of both drugs depended on the parasite species and the host species. the drugs acted in a similar way on entamoeba coli parasitising c. t. torquatus, and e ... | 1998 | 9606042 |
| evolution of a homopurine-homopyrimidine pentanucleotide repeat sequence upstream of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene. | we have identified a highly polymorphic pentanucleotide repeat (ccttt)n within the 5'-putative promoter region of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene (inos, nos2). using a pair of specific primers derived from the human inos gene, we have also amplified this inos repeat in dna from the following species: chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan and macaque. as is found in man, both chimpanzees and gorillas are polymorphic at this locus. in contrast, the locus is monomorphic in macaques and oran ... | 1997 | 9434180 |
| neuropeptide y in the infundibular nucleus and hypophysis of great apes. | we studied the distribution of neuropeptide y (npy) immunoreactivity in the infundibular nucleus and the hypophysis of the chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan. using antibodies developed in rabbit against synthetic porcine npy, we found numerous npy-immunoreactive neuronal somata in the infundibular nucleus; this nucleus was also filled with short npy-positive processes and an abundance of punctate structures that could be indicative of synaptic terminals. numerous varicose npy-positive fibers we ... | 1997 | 9369542 |
| evidence for convergent evolution of a and b blood group antigens in primates. | to determine whether convergent or trans-specific evolution is responsible for the persistence of the abo polymorphism in apes, we have sequenced segments of introns 5 and 6 of the abo gene. four substitutions and one insertion or deletion group human a, b, and o alleles together, separate from their chimpanzee a and gorilla b counterparts. no shared substitutions support a trans-species mode of evolution for any of the alleles examined. we conclude that the a and b antigens of the chimpanzee an ... | 1997 | 9402958 |
| characterization of ligand binding properties of the 5-ht1d receptors cloned from chimpanzee, gorilla and rhesus monkey in comparison with those from the human and guinea pig receptors. | the 5-ht1d receptor is a potential target of anti-migraine drugs, and here its genes were cloned from chimpanzee, gorilla and rhesus monkey, via polymerase chain reactions with their genomic dnas and the primers designed from the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the human receptor. direct sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products revealed high degrees of identity between their deduced amino acid sequences (the chimpanzee, gorilla and rhesus monkey) and that of human, differing ... | 1997 | 9406883 |
| sexual dimorphic features within extant great ape faciodental skeletal anatomy and testing the single species hypothesis. | this paper examines sexually dimorphic skeletal characters within the face and upper dentition of extant hominids (great ape), not including members of the hominini. specimens of pan paniscus, pan troglodytes, gorilla gorilla, and pongo pygmaeus are used to help identify likely sex specific characters for the hominidae. the aim of this paper is to identify extant hominid faciodental sexual features which can be used to help sex fossil specimens. a morphometric and skeletal study of sexual variab ... | 1997 | 9428188 |
| the nasopalatine duct and the nasal floor cartilages in catarrhine primates. | the nasal floor structures in catarrhine primates have been studied on the basis of histological serial sections of older fetuses of presbytis, hylobates, gorilla, pan, pongo and homo. for outgroup comparisons, sections of the strepsirhine daubentonia and the platyrrhine callimico are presented; in these taxa the nasal floor cartilages are intimately connected not only with the nasopalatine duct (steno) but also with the persisting vomeronasal organ (jacobson). whereas the vomeronasal organ has ... | 1997 | 9428189 |
| fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of keratinocyte growth factor gene amplification and dispersion in evolution of great apes and humans. | keratinocyte growth factor (kgf) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. portions of the gene encoding kgf were amplified during primate evolution and are present in multiple nonprocessed copies in the human genome. nucleotide analysis of a representative sampling of these kgf-like sequences indicated that they were at least 95% identical to corresponding regions of the kgf gene. to localize these sequences to specific chromosomal sites in human and higher primates, we used fluoresce ... | 1997 | 9326632 |
| western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla) as seasonal frugivores: use of variable resources. | the gorillas studied at bai hokou, central african republic, between august 1990 and october 1992 consumed 239 kinds of foods from 138 species of plants and invertebrates, including the fruits of 77 species. seeds were present in 99% of all fecal samples (n = 859). although gorillas ate fleshy fruit whenever it was available, herbaceous plants and fibrous fruits were consumed year-round and were important during times of fleshy fruit scarcity. at bai hokou and across their range, resources are t ... | 1997 | 9327094 |
| ranging and grouping patterns of a western lowland gorilla group at bai hokou, central african republic. | the ranging and grouping patterns of a gorilla group were studied during 27 months from 1990-1992 at the bai hokou study site, central african republic. the study group ranged far daily (average = 2.3 km/day) and had a large home range (22.9 km2), relative to mountain gorillas, and ranging patterns differed between years. during 1990-1992, the bimale study group foraged less cohesively and had more flexible grouping patterns than mountain gorillas. the study group sometimes split into two distin ... | 1997 | 9327095 |
| physical mapping of human 7q and 14q subtelomeric dna sequences in the great apes. | phylogenetic divergence of the members of the pongidae family has been based on genetic evidence. the terminal repeat array (t2ag3) has lately been considered as an additional basis to analyze genomes of highly related species. the recent isolation of subtelomeric dna probes specific for human (hsa) chromosomes 7q and 14q has prompted us to cross-hybridize them to the chromosomes of the chimpanzee (ptr), gorilla (ggo) and orangutan (ppy) to search for its equivalent locations in the great ape sp ... | 1997 | 9330913 |
| sequences from higher primates orthologous to the human xp/yp telomere junction region reveal gross rearrangements and high levels of divergence. | a high level of sequence polymorphism combined with linkage disequilibrium has created a limited number of highly diverged haplotypes across the human xp/yp telomere junction region. to gain insight into the unusual genetic characteristics of this region, we have examined the orthologous sequences in the common chimpanzee (pan troglodytes ), the gorilla (gorilla gorilla) and the orang-utan (pongo pygmaeus). divergence from the human xp/yp sequence is higher (average 2.6-fold) than that observed ... | 1997 | 9361036 |
| endogenous nitric oxide in the airways of different animal species. | high amounts of endogenous nitric oxide (no) have been demonstrated in the human upper airway, but the role of nasal no is still unclear. the present study aims to describe nasal no excretion in different animal species with special living conditions or anatomy. | 1997 | 9366933 |
| conserved elements in the 5' regulatory region of the amyloid precursor protein gene in primates. | oligonucleotides corresponding to conserved sites between the human and mouse amyloid precursor protein (app) genes have been used to polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplify and sequence the promoter region of the app gene from chimpanzee, gorilla, orang-utan, papio and african green monkey. several novel conserved potentially-regulatory sequences of the app gene have been detected after alignment of the app promoter sequences: an apolipoprotein e-b1 (apoe-b1) element at position -450, also pres ... | 1997 | 9175602 |
| mhc-e polymorphism in pongidae primates: the same allele is found in two different species. | mhc-e intron 1, exon 2, intron 2, and exon 3 from pygmy chimpanzee (pan paniscus), chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), gorilla (gorilla gorilla) and orangutan (pongo pygmaeus) have been sequenced; six new mhc-e alleles have been obtained but sequence changes are only placed either in introns or in synonymous exonic bases. one pygmy chimpanzee mhc-e dna sequence is identical to another sequence from chimpanzee; the fact that no variation is found also at the intronic level suggests that these two speci ... | 1997 | 9458133 |
| volumetric comparisons in the cerebellar complex of anthropoids, with special reference to locomotor types. | seven measurements in the cerebellar complex were completed on 45 individuals, including 26 species of anthropoids from stephan's collection. these included 12 species of new world monkeys, 10 species of old world monkeys, and hylobates, gorilla, pan, and humans. the measurements were the volume of medial (fastigial) (cm), interpositus (globose and emboliform) (ci), and lateral (dentate) (cl) cerebellar nuclei, ventral pons (vpo), inferior olivary principal (olipr), and accessory (oliac) nuclei ... | 1997 | 9209575 |
| relative growth, ontogeny, and sexual dimorphism in gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla and g. g. beringei): evolutionary and ecological considerations. | gorillas are the largest and among the most sexually dimorphic of all extant primates. while gorillas have been incorporated in broad-level comparisons among large-bodied hominoids or in studies of the african apes, comparisons between gorilla subspecies have been rare. during the past decade, however, behavioral, morphological, and molecular data from a number of studies have indicated that the western lowland (gorilla gorilla gorilla) and eastern mountain (gorilla gorilla beringei) subspecies ... | 1997 | 9294638 |
| the western lowland gorilla diet has implications for the health of humans and other hominoids. | we studied the western lowland gorilla diet as a possible model for human nutrient requirements with implications for colonic function. gorillas in the central african republic were identified as consuming over 200 species and varieties of plants and 100 species and varieties of fruit. thirty-one of the most commonly consumed foods were collected and dried locally before shipping for macronutrient and fiber analysis. the mean macronutrient concentrations were (mean +/- sd, g/100 g dry basis) fat ... | 1997 | 9311957 |
| a preliminary investigation of urinary testosterone and cortisol levels in wild male mountain gorillas. | urinary steroid hormone levels were measured in wild male mountain gorillas (gorilla gorilla beringei) to determine how levels of testosterone and cortisol corresponded with age and social rank. urine samples were collected noninvasively from 18 males, ranging in age from 3-26 years, in three groups of wild mountain gorillas at the karisoke research center, rwanda, africa, and samples were analyzed using radioimmunoassay procedures. males were classified as being immature (< 7 years), maturing ( ... | 1997 | 9294641 |
| genomic structure and evolution of a novel gene (pla2l) with duplicated phospholipase a2-like domains. | in a previous study, we isolated a novel human cdna with two domains of homology to secreted phospholipase a2 (spla2) embedded within a much larger open reading frame. the corresponding gene, termed pla2l, is also unusual in that it is transcribed from an endogenous retroviral long terminal repeat promoter in teratocarcinoma cell lines. the associated retroviral element, a member of the herv-h family of sequences, is found within an intron of the human pla2l gene and has apparently assumed trans ... | 1997 | 9027484 |
| a reappraisal of early hominid phylogeny. | we report here on the results of a new cladistic analysis of early hominid relationships. ingroup taxa included australopithecus afarensis, australopithecus africanus, australopithecus aethiopicus, australopithecus robustus, australopithecus boisei, homo habilis, homo rudolfensis, homo ergaster and homo sapiens. outgroup taxa included pan troglodytes and gorilla gorilla. sixty craniodental characters were selected for analysis. these were drawn from the trait lists of other studies and our own o ... | 1997 | 9034954 |
| birth of a western lowland gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla) following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. | a 21-year-old multiparous female exhibiting 31-41 day menstrual cycles was given hfsh (225 iu/day, metrodin 75, from cycle day 3 through 9 (menses = day 1) and hcg (10,000 iu, profasi, on day 10 to stimulate follicular development. at 35 h after hcg, under isoflurane (aerrane) anesthesia, follicles were aspirated by controlled suction under transvaginal ultrasound guidance. metaphase ii oocytes (n = 11) were placed in modified human tubal fluid (mhtf, 100 microliters) medium under oil at 37 degr ... | 1997 | 9057968 |
| molecular phylogeny of the hominoids: inferences from multiple independent dna sequence data sets. | consensus on the evolutionary relationships of humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas has not been reached, despite the existence of a number of dna sequence data sets relating to the phylogeny, partly because not all gene trees from these data sets agree. however, given the well-known phenomenon of gene tree-species tree mismatch, agreement among gene trees is not expected. a majority of gene trees from available dna sequence data support one hypothesis, but is this evidence sufficient for statistic ... | 1997 | 9066793 |
| ontogeny of locomotion in mountain gorillas and chimpanzees. | the african apes are a group of closely related taxa that differ considerably in body size. in spite of the large body size difference, the african apes are similar in many aspects of their morphology; it has been suggested that most of their differences result from selection for these body size differences (shea, 1988). the influence of body size on locomotion has been well-documented, but what is less clear, is whether these behavioral differences occur throughout ontogeny because few studies ... | 1997 | 9085185 |
| the evolution of the frontal lobes: a volumetric analysis based on three-dimensional reconstructions of magnetic resonance scans of human and ape brains. | scenarios regarding the evolution of cognitive function in hominids depend largely on our understanding of the organization of the frontal lobes in extant humans and apes. the frontal lobe is involved in functions such as creative thinking, planning of future actions, decision making, artistic expression, aspects of emotional behavior, as well as working memory, language and motor control. it is often claimed that the frontal lobe is disproportionately larger in humans than in other species, but ... | 1997 | 9085187 |
| subnasoalveolar anatomy and hominoid phylogeny: evidence from comparative ontogeny. | the present analysis evaluated extant hominoid subnasal morphological variation from an ontogenetic perspective, documenting both qualitative and allometric details of subnasal maturation in hylobates, great apes and modern humans. with respect to intraspecific variation, results of log-linear modeling procedures indicate that qualitative features of the subnasal region shown previously to discriminate extant taxa (ward and kimbel, 1983; mccollum et al., 1993) do not vary appreciably with either ... | 1997 | 9098506 |
| the primate community of the lopé reserve, gabon: diets, responses to fruit scarcity, and effects on biomass. | the diets of all diurnal primates (gorilla g. gorilla, pan t. troglodytes, mandrillus sphinx, colobus satanas, cercocebus albigena, cercopithecus nictitans, c. pogonias, c. cephus) in the lópe reserve, central gabon, are described from qualitative and quantitative data collected over 10 years. a total of 397 foods were recorded, of which 91% were from plants. the diet of seven of the eight species were numerically dominated by fruit, the exception being colobus satanas with a diet dominated by s ... | 1997 | 9108968 |
| evolution of the primate lineage leading to modern humans: phylogenetic and demographic inferences from dna sequences. | to date major divergences that occurred in the primate lineage leading to modern humans and to infer a demographic parameter (effective population size) of the ancestral lineage that existed at each divergence, a maximum likelihood method was applied to autosomal dna sequence data currently available for pairs of orthologous genes between the human and each of the chimpanzee, gorilla, old world monkey (owm), and new world monkey (nwm). a statistical test is carried out to support the assumption ... | 1997 | 9114074 |
| survey of maximum ctg/cag repeat lengths in humans and non-human primates: total genome scan in populations using the repeat expansion detection method. | repeat expansion detection (red) is an efficient and simple method for detecting repeat expansions in the human genome, including expansion mutations resulting in disease. here we report the first population survey of ctg/cag repeat lengths in humans using the red method; we have determined maximum ctg/cag repeat length in 244 individuals from six human populations: danes, chinese, japanese, rondonian surui, maya and mbuti/biaka pygmies. we have also sampled a number of non-human primates includ ... | 1997 | 9147643 |
| fatal infections with balamuthia mandrillaris (a free-living amoeba) in gorillas and other old world primates. | balamuthia mandrillaris is a newly described free-living amoeba capable of causing fatal meningoencephalitis in humans and animals. because the number of human cases is rapidly increasing, this infection is now considered an important emerging disease by the medical community. a retrospective review of the pathology database for the zoological society of san diego (the san diego zoo and san diego wild animal park) for the period july 1965 through december 1994 revealed five cases of amoebic meni ... | 1997 | 9150541 |
| analysis of the 5' upstream sequence of the huntington's disease (hd) gene shows six new rare alleles which are unrelated to the age at onset of hd. | the cag repeat number in the huntington's disease (hd) gene accounts for about 50% of the variation seen in age at onset of hd. in order to determine whether promoter sequence variation can contribute to the residual variation in age at onset, we studied the conserved 303 bp region upstream of the +1 translation start site in the hd gene in a population of 56 control east anglians, 30 africans, 34 japanese, and 208 english huntington's disease patients. a surprisingly high degree of variation wa ... | 1997 | 9152833 |
| unique genomic sequences in human chromosome 16p are conserved in the great apes. | in humans, acute myelomonocytic leukemia (amml) with abnormal bone marrow eosinophilia is diagnosed by the presence of a pericentric inversion in chromosome 16, involving breakpoints p13;q23 [i.e., inv(16)(p13;q23)]. a pericentric inversion involves breaks that have occurred on the p and q arms and the segment in between is rotated 180 degrees and reattaches. the recent development of a "human micro-coatasome" painting probe for 16p contains unique dna sequences that fluorescently label only the ... | 1997 | 9037113 |
| strategies for ovulation induction and oocyte retrieval in the lowland gorilla. | ovulation induction and oocyte retrieval were performed in a lowland gorilla in an attempt to propagate and potentially cryopreserve embryos from an infertile animal and to advance techniques to help preserve this endangered species. | 1997 | 9048241 |
| morphological and morphometric aspects of primate cornea: a comparative study with human cornea. | morphological and morphometric features of the cornea of 13 species of primates have been studied in order to determine possible morphological differences between them. the existence of relationships between different morphometric corneal variables was also examined to establish which variables best defined and characterized the cornea. the present aim is to determine which primate cornea resembles that of the human being most with a view to possible future clinical and experimental studies. the ... | 1997 | 9253587 |