Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
recent advances in laboratory mass rearing of phlebotomine sand flies.recent technical and procedural advances in mass rearing of sand flies have resulted in larger, healthier, and less labor-intensive colonies. we now maintain closed colonies of phlebotomus papatasi, p. duboscqi, p. argentipes, and lutzomyia longipalpis which produce up to 1,000 females per week, in excess of colony-maintenance requirements, for use in research. advances include larval food preparation in acrylic-plastic incubator cabinets, strict regulation of food quantity and moisture in 500-m ...19911841228
vectors of leishmaniases in venezuela.information on the vectors of leishmaniases in venezuela is reviewed and updated. lutzomyia longipalpis is considered the vector of visceral leishmaniasis. lutzomyia ovallesi of the northcentral area is the only human feeding species from which parasites have been isolated and typed as leishmania braziliensis. in the andean region there is strong evidence that lu. youngi is the vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis but the parasites require further identification. lutzomyia spinicrassa may be respon ...19911841212
isolation of maxadilan, a potent vasodilatory peptide from the salivary glands of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis.blood feeding by the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis is aided by the presence of a vasodilator in its salivary glands. this novel vasodilator has been isolated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. ten nanograms of the vasodilator are present in the extract of a pair of sand fly salivary glands. it has 500 times the vasodilatory activity of calcitonin gene-related peptide, previously the most potent vasodilator peptide known. this novel peptide is thus called maxadilan.19912040631
susceptibility of laboratory-reared female lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) to infection by different species and strains of leishmania ross, 1903.a study was undertaken to compare the susceptibility of laboratory-reared female lutzomyia longipalpis to infection by different species or strains of new world leishmania. the sand flies proved to be highly susceptible to infection by a strain of le. guyanensis, with flagellates developing in all (18/18) of the specimens examined. a lower infection rate of 37% (10/27) was recorded in flies exposed to infection by a strain of le. amazonensis. flagellates developed in 13% (6/46) of the sand flies ...19902152197
amazonian visceral leishmaniasis--distribution of the vector lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) in relation to the fox cerdocyon thous (linn.) and the efficiency of this reservoir host as a source of infection. 19902215228
studies on sandfly fauna (diptera: psychodidae) in a foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in mesquita, rio de janeiro state, brazil.in a study on vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in mesquita, rio de janeiro state, brazil, eleven species of sandflies were found: lutzomyia longipalpis, l. fischeri, l. quinquefer, l. intermedia, l. whitmani, l. shannoni, l. cortelezzii, l. edwardsi, l. migonei, l. lanei and l. firmatoi. lutzomyia intermedia was the predominant species. it was collected indoors but in much higher numbers outdoors, in the close vicinity of houses. in comparative captures it was found to feed more frequently on ...19902215232
histology and ultrastructure of pheromone secreting glands in males of the phlebotomine sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis.well-defined pheromone-producing glands are present on the third and fourth abdominal segments of male lutzomyia longipalpis. each gland consists of numerous large secretory cells. the individual cells have a complicated 'end-apparatus' and central reservoir which are connected directly to the exterior via a small chitinized duct. this is the first ultrastructural study of pheromone secreting cells of diptera.19902331176
response of female sandflies (lutzomyia longipalpis) to pheromone-baited sticky traps in the laboratory.response of virgin female lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & nevia (diptera: psychodidae), contained in a 60-cm3 net cage, to sticky traps was significantly greater when the traps were baited with extract of male pheromone glands. results confirm that the response of females to male pheromone does not necessarily depend upon the presence of a host.19902331175
[impact of the spraying of deltamethrin in a focus of leishmaniasis in bolivia].after one month of entomological observations to record pretreatment data, a sub andean village of yungas, bolivia (alt. 1500 m) was sprayed at the beginning of the rainy season (january 1987). houses were treated inside and outside with deltamethrin at 0.025 g/sq.m.; kennels, hen-houses and stacks of adobe were also sprayed in the same way. as a result of the treatment, lutzomyia longipalpis, the local vector of visceral leishmaniasis, disappeared from houses and animal shelters for 9 and 10 mo ...19892610530
an immune response-dependent mechanism for the vertical transmission of an entomopathogen.an exceptionally efficient mechanism for the vertical transmission of a parasitic gregarine is dependent on the insect host's immune response. gametocysts of ascogregarina chagasi on the genital accessory glands of adult female sand flies (lutzomyia longipalpis) become encapsulated through hemocyte-mediated immune reactions. oocysts of a. chagasi, ejected into the lumen of the glands owing to pressure exerted by this capsule, become glued to eggshells and are subsequently ingested by larvae. in ...19892759214
laboratory response of female lutzomyia longipalpis sandflies to a host and male pheromone source over distance.a nylon net cage (260 x 40 x 40 cm) provided with unidirectional air flow was used to demonstrate the response of female sandflies, lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva (diptera: psychodidae) to a host and extract of male pheromone glands over a distance of 240 cm. females responded more rapidly and in greater numbers to the host if male pheromone was present. results suggest that one function of the pheromone may be to attract females from some distance to a common mating site, on or near the hos ...19892519666
epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in colombia.epidemiologic studies were conducted during the period 1986-1988 in a small rural community in colombia (el callejon) where visceral leishmaniasis is highly endemic. in this community of 185 people, 14 cases of infantile visceral leishmaniasis were diagnosed in the 9 years 1981-1988. leishmanin skin testing of a sample of the human residents showed that prevalence of leishmania chagasi infection increased with age; overall, 51.2% of the subjects had a positive reaction. a canine surveillance pro ...19892729506
ultrastructural development of leishmania chagasi in its vector, lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae).the development of leishmania chagasi, etiologic agent of american visceral leishmaniasis, was studied by light and electron microscopy in the gut of the sand fly, lutzomyia longipalpis, a natural vector. new aspects of suprapylarian leishmania behavior were elucidated. in the sand fly midgut, amastigotes transformed into promastigotes (division promastigote i) during a first division sequence within the bloodmeal. secondary division of these promastigotes resulted in a second form (division pro ...19892802019
a novel vasodilatory peptide from the salivary glands of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis.salivary gland lysates of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis contain a potent vasodilator that aids the fly to feed on the blood of its vertebrate hosts. chromatographic analysis, antibody reactivity, and data obtained from bioassays of the salivary erythema-inducing factor indicate striking similarity with human calcitonin gene-related peptide. the erythema-inducing factor is, however, at least one order of magnitude more potent than calcitonin gene-related peptide.19892783496
experimental infection of old and new world phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) with ascogregarina chagasi (eugregarinorida: lecudinidae).the aseptate gregarine, ascogregarina chagasi (adler and mayrink), found in a colombian strain of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and neiva), was fed to the larvae of seven species of laboratory-bred sand flies: phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli), p. argentipes annandale and brunetti, p. perniciosus newstead, l. serrana (damasceno and arouck), l. abonnenci (floch and chassignet), l. columbiana (ristorcelli and van ty), and a gregarine-free brazilian strain of l. longipalpis. trophozoites of the gregarin ...19892769700
salivary gland lysates from the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis enhance leishmania infectivity.leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. the role of sand fly saliva in transmission of the disease was investigated by injecting mice with leishmania major parasites in the presence of homogenized salivary glands from lutzomyia longipalpis. this procedure resulted in cutaneous lesions of leishmania major that were routinely five to ten times as large and contained as much as 5000 times as many parasites as controls. with inocula consisting of low numbers of l ...19883344436
feeding-site selection of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) on mice infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis. 19883404541
observations on the development of leishmania (l.) chagasi cunha and chagas in the midgut of the sandfly vector lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and neiva).previous observations have shown that forms of leishmania, infective to hamsters, are present in the midgut of experimentally infected sandflies from 15-221 hours after the infective bloodmeal. in a continuation of these studies, stained smears of the midgut contents of lutzomyia longipalpis infected with leishmania (l.) chagasi, made at intervals between 15-120 hours, revealed two lines of parasite development. one of these is the direct transformation of small, non-dividing amastigotes into ve ...19883421641
destruction of leishmania mexicana amazonensis promastigotes by normal human serum.fresh normal human serum was observed to have a lethal effect on leishmania mexicana amazonensis promastigotes obtained from laboratory-bred lutzomyia longipalpis or on promastigotes grown in liquid culture medium, inoculated with the same isolates. heat inactivation abolished the leishmania lytic activity from the sera. resistance of culture promastigotes to lysis by normal human serum was investigated in three isolates of l. m. amazonensis. development of resistance (up to 7%) was found in onl ...19873605505
a method for the purification of leishmania promastigotes from infected phlebotomine sandflies.we describe a method for the purification of leishmania promastigotes, isolated from infected sandflies (lutzomyia longipalpis) using a discontinuous density centrifugation gradient (percoll/homem). the sandflies, infected seven days previously with leishmania donovani chagasi or leishmania mexicana mexicana from culture, were homogenized and centrifuged on a percoll discontinuous gradient. five interface bands were formed, and most of the promastigotes settled out at the interface between the ( ...19873675038
detection and enumeration of leishmania in sand flies using agar-based media.an agar plating technique was used to determine the number of amastigotes ingested by lutzomyia longipalpis fed on papules on mesocricetus auratus caused by leishmania mexicana amazonensis and on lesions on mystromys albicaudatus caused by leishmania braziliensis panamensis. the technique involved homogenizing sand flies after bloodfeeding on the infected animals and spreading the homogenate over the surface of agar plates. a great variation in the number of amastigotes ingested by individual sa ...19873688307
natural infection of humans, animals, and phlebotomine sand flies with the alagoas serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus in colombia.five isolations of the alagoas serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus (rhabdoviridae: vesiculovirus) were made from naturally infected phlebotomine sand flies (lutzomyia spp.) collected in colombia. these are the first isolations of alagoas virus from an arthropod. replication of the virus occurred in laboratory-reared sand flies (lutzomyia longipalpis) after inoculation. bite and transovarial transmission of the virus was also demonstrated in experimentally infected sand flies. alagoas virus ne ...19873034087
leishmaniasis in brazil. xxii: characterization of leishmania from man, dogs and the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) isolated during an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in santarém, pará state.during epidemiological studies on an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in santarém, pará state, north brazil, isolates of leishmania from two children, three dogs and six naturally infected specimens of the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis were compared, biochemically, by starch-gel enzyme electrophoresis. they have proved to be indistinguishable from each other, and from a reference strain of leishmania chagasi cunha & chagas, 1937 from a case of human visceral leishmaniasis from bahia state, nor ...19863726975
genetic isolating mechanisms between different forms of the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). 19863752826
experimental infection of lutzomyia longipalpis fed on a patient with cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania mexicana amazonensis. 19863796279
[biology of lutzomyia intermedia lutz & neiva, 1912 and lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva, 1912 (diptera, psychodidae), under experimental conditions. i. feeding aspects of larvae and adults].to improve our knowledge on the breeding and behaviour of sandflies in captivity, we established closed colonies of lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia longipalpis. data are here presented on the feeding preferences of larvae and adults and their influence on the development and survival of each species. fish food is accepted by the larvae of both species; it is easily available, unexpensive and does not encourage the growth of fungi. the larvae of both species, in all stages accepted food of veg ...19863613978
blood-finding strategy of a capillary-feeding sandfly, lutzomyia longipalpis.salivary gland homogenates of adult female lutzomyia longipalpis inhibited platelet aggregation induced by adp and collagen. apyrase (atp diphosphohydrolase) activity was prominent, requiring ca2+ but not mg2+ and a ph optimum of 8.0. human as well as rabbit hosts developed a well delimited erythema, evident 2-3 min after initial probing and lasting for as long as 2 days. erythema, not accompanied by itching or swelling, developed in previously exposed hosts as well as in those not previously ex ...19862870860
chemical analysis of compounds extracted from the tergal "spots" of lutzomyia longipalpis from brazil.the chemical composition of the compounds contained in the tergal spots of lutzomyia longipalpis was investigated. four populations of l. longipalpis were examined, originating from: sobral, ceará, brazil (one spot and two spot populations), santarém, pará, brazil (one spot) and marajó island, pará, brazil (one spot). the tergal spots were dissected out, extracted in hexane and analysed on a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer. two compounds were found, identical to compounds found in earlier st ...19862877553
the retained capacity of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) to transmit leishmania chagasi (cunha & chagas) after eight years (64 generations) in a closed laboratory colony.a closed lutzomyia longipalpis colony, from ceará has been used to transmit leishmania chagasi isolated from a fox in pará state. the last time this colony was successfully used in similar transmission experiments was eight years (64 generations) ago indicating that this colony of lu. longipalpis has fully maintained its vectorial capacity in spite of such a long period of maintainance in the laboratory.19853837170
flagellates in the malpighian tubules of laboratory-bred lutzomyia longipalpis fed on a hamster experimentally infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis.as a preparatory stage for a study aiming at identifying the species and subspecies of local leishmania in naturally infected sandflies through immunoradiometric assay with monoclonal antibodies, we tried to obtain experimental infections of phlebotomines with well characterized stocks of parasites, in order to test the effectiveness of the method.19853837172
mechanical transmission of rift valley fever virus by hematophagous diptera.experimental studies were conducted to determine if hematophagous diptera were capable of mechanical transmission of rift valley fever (rvf) virus to laboratory animals. all species tested (glossina morsitans, aedes aegypti, aedes taeniorhynchus, culex pipiens, stomoxys calcitrans, lutzomyia longipalpis, and culicoides variipennis) mechanically transmitted the virus to hamsters. mechanical transmission rates for g. morsitans ranged from 0-100%, with the probability of mechanical transmission pos ...19853970308
leishmaniasis in brazil. xxi. visceral leishmaniasis in the amazon region and further observations on the role of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) as the vector.further evidence is presented incriminating the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis as the vector of leishmania chagasi, the causative agent of american visceral leishmaniasis, in the amazon region of brazil. during an outbreak of the disease in santarém, pará state, this insect was shown to be the only species of sandfly consistently present in and around the patient's homes, where it often occurred in very large numbers. of 491 specimens dissected, 35 (7.14%) proved to be infected, and isolates of l ...19854002291
leishmaniasis in bolivia. i. lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) as the vector of visceral leishmaniasis in los yungas.a relatively high leishmanial infection rate was found in the phlebotomine sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis collected from three villages of the los yungas region (department of la paz, bolivia). 2,578 female sandflies were dissected. in three houses surveyed in santa barbara promastigote infection rates of lu. longipalpis were 4.2, 2.2 and 3.2% respectively. anatomical localization of the infection in the insect, and biochemical characterization of the strains indicate that the parasite belongs to ...19854002292
development of infective stage leishmania promastigotes within phlebotomine sand flies.midgut promastigotes were obtained from phlebotomus papatasi and lutzomyia longipalpis on days 3-7 after infection with cloned isolates of leishmania major and leishmania mexicana amazonensis, respectively, and examined as to their ability to initiate cutaneous infections in balb/c mice. sequential development of midgut promastigotes from a noninfective to an infective stage was confirmed for both the new world and old world species. the generation of infective promastigotes from rapidly dividin ...19854039899
leishmanial infections in lutzomyia longipalpis and lu. antunesi (diptera: psychodidae) on the island of marajó, pará state, brazil. 19846485061
studies on the biology of phleboviruses in sand flies (diptera: psychodidae). i. experimental infection of the vector.this paper describes a series of experiments which were done to determine the behavior of 14 different phleboviruses in laboratory-reared sand flies (phlebotomus papatasi, p. perniciosus and lutzomyia longipalpis) after oral and parenteral infection. most of the viruses replicated in the sand flies after intrathoracic inoculation; however, the insects were quite refractory to oral infection. six of 11 phleboviruses tested were transovarially transmitted in one or more sand fly species. the perce ...19846091466
carajas and maraba viruses, two new vesiculoviruses isolated from phlebotomine sand flies in brazil.two new rhabdoviruses, designated carajas and maraba, are described. both were isolated from phlebotomine sand flies (lutzomyia spp.) collected in the amazon basin of brazil. one recovery of carajas virus was made from male sand flies. by complement-fixation and neutralization tests both agents were shown to be members of the vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) serogroup (genus vesiculovirus). the pathogenicity of the two viruses in mice and vero cells is similar to that of vsv-indiana and vsv-new ...19846091472
blood leukocyte response in hosts parasitized by the hematophagous arthropods triatoma protracta and lutzomyia longipalpis.the kinetics of peripheral blood basophil and eosinophil responses in guinea pigs to multiple infestation by nymphal and adult triatoma protracta (vessel feeder) and adult lutzomyia longipalpis (pool feeder) were examined. hosts exhibited significant blood basophil and eosinophil responses to feeding by both arthropods. basophilia was slow to develop and mild in intensity following primary triatoma infestation but exhibited immediate anamnestic-type responses to secondary infestation, with marke ...19846375409
[ecology of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) and possibilities of the existence of visceral leishmaniasis in costa rica].a semiarid area of northwest costa rica where lutzomyia longipalpis is common in corrals around houses is described. monthly captures of the sandfly during two consecutive years for fixed periods of time indicated that the insect bites avidly cows, horses, pigs, dogs and humans. from a total of 14,215 specimens, 90.5% were males and the species is markedly more abundant during the dry season decreasing considerably when rain comes. the possibility that visceral leishmaniasis could become in the ...19846533420
leishmania infections in lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera:psychodidae) on the island of são luis, maranhão state, brazil.dissection of lutzomyia longipalpis, captured in the são luis focus of visceral leishmaniasis revealed a 1.8% promastigote infection rate.19846535920
a simple method for experimental infection of phlebotomine sand flies with leishmania.mouse macrophages, grown in continuous cell culture at 37 degrees c, were inoculated with the promastigote stage of various human pathogenic leishmania species. under these culture conditions, the parasites rapidly entered the cells and transformed into amastigotes. two or 3 days after inoculation, the infected macrophages were mixed with washed human erythrocytes and were fed to female sand flies (phlebotomus papatasi and lutzomyia longipalpis) through a chick skin membrane. within 7-10 days af ...19846696182
replication of rift valley fever virus in the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis.rift valley fever virus was shown to replicate in lutzomyia longipalpis after intrathoracic inoculation. viral titers peaked at approximately 4 days postinoculation [mean titer = 10(4.0) plaque forming units (pfu)] and remained relatively constant through day 7. a minimum of 6 of 326 sand flies transmitted virus by bite to susceptible hamsters after 5-9 days of extrinsic incubation. viral titers of sand flies exposed per os declined steadily through day 9. none of 378 flies that had ingested app ...19846711746
leishmaniasis in brazil. xix: visceral leishmaniasis in the amazon region, and the presence of lutzomyia longipalpis on the island of marajó, pará state.sporadic cases of visceral leishmaniasis in amazonian brazil appear limited to pará state, in the lower amazon valley and principally near the atlantic coast. the fox cerdocyon thous (l.) has been incriminated as a natural host of the causative parasite, leishmania donovani chagasi, but past doubts have existed over the identification of the most likely vector as lutzomyia (lutzomyia) longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912). investigations on two of five recent cases of visceral leishmaniasis of man in ...19836623589
a simple technique for mass rearing lutzomyia longipalpis and phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: psychodidae) in the laboratory. 19836644754
detection of promastigote stage-specific antigens on leishmania mexicana amazonensis developing in the midgut of lutzomyia longipalpis.previously described monoclonal antibodies ix-if9-d8, ix-2h7-e10 and ix-5h9-c1 recognize promastigote stage-specific determinants present on externally exposed membrane proteins of axenically cultured leishmania mexicana amazonensis. in the present study, these antigens were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence to be present on promastigotes found in the gut lumen of infected lutzoymia longipalpis. the presence of these antigens on promastigotes found in infected sandflies suggests that t ...19836359907
development of a continuous cell line from the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae), and its susceptibility to infection with arboviruses. 19836842527
functional morphology of the midgut of a sandfly as compared to other hematophagous nematocera.the midgut epithelium of female lutzomyia longipalpis was investigated by means of electron microscopic morphometry before and during blood digestion. ultrastructure and cytological changes of the stomach cells upon blood feeding were generally similar to the ones described for phlebotomus longipes (gemetchu, 1974) and for mosquitoes (hecker, 1977). in addition, the quantitative composition of the cells resembled the one of mosquitoes in many respects. despite some morphological differences in t ...19827170711
laboratory tests of repellents against lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). 19827086853
the susceptibility of the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva), diptera, phlebotomidae, to laboratory infection with bluetongue virus.bluetongue virus multiplied in the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis after intrathoracic inoculation but not after oral ingestion of virus. the level of virus multiplication was lower than that observed in similar experiments with the north american vector of bluetongue, culicoides variipennis. inoculated sandflies did not transmit virus after 6 to 9 days incubation at 25 degrees c. it is unlikely that l. longipalpis would be important in the maintenance of bluetongue virus in the wild.19806247994
the susceptibility of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and neiva), diptera, psychodidae, to artificial infection with three viruses of the phlebotomus fever group. 19806257191
leishmania in phlebotomid sandflies. vii. on the taxonomic status of leishmania peruviana, causative agent of peruvian 'uta', as indicated by its development in the sandfly, lutzomyia longipalpis.the name leishmania peruviana was given by velez (1913) to the parasite responsible for a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis known as 'uta'; this disease occurs in the peruvian andes. clinical similarities between uta and 'oriental sore', which is caused by leishmania tropica of the eastern hemisphere, have, however, led to the suggestion that uta is simply due to l. tropica, which was introduced into latin america by african slaves or european immigrants. leishmania species are divisible into thre ...197943976
factors affecting egg production of laboratory-bred lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). 1979541814
the feeding habits of laboratory-bred lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). 1978633293
some methods for membrane feeding of laboratory reared, neotropical sandflies (diptera: psychodidae).a brief introduction to the history and applications of membrane feeding is given, together with its use to feed and infect sandflies with leishmania. the present paper describes methods for feeding lutzomyia longipalpis and lu. flaviscutellata through membranes. of the membranes tested, chick skins and bat wings gave the best results. membranes stored at -20 degrees c for over a year were found to be less effective than fresh ones. blood meals were maintained at temperatures between 24 degrees ...1978666397
experimental transmission of leishmania chagasi, causative agent of neotropical visceral leishmaniasis, by the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis. 1977859627
leishmania in phlebotomid sandflies. iv. the transmission of leishmania mexicana amazonensis to hamsters by the bite of experimentally infected lutzomyia longipalpis. 197715270
the establishment, maintenance and productivity of a laboratory colony of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). 1977845881
[new finding of phlebotom uses in the state of são paulo with special reference to lutzomyia longipalpis]. 1976945607
leishmania in phlebotomid sandflies. iii. the ultrastructure of leishmania mexicana amazonensis in the midgut and pharynx of lutzomyia longipalpis. 1975240164
proceedings: demonstration of giant chromosomes in the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and neiva, 1912). 19751216303
a laboratory culture of lutzomyia longipalpis. 19734801753
[the finding of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and neiva, 1912) in the state of são paulo, brazil. report]. 19705528214
pheromones in mate choice and sexual isolation between siblings of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera:psychodidae).pheromone-disc contact experiments are described in which different populations of the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis from brazil were exposed to each others male pheromone extracts. the jacobina population reacted only to the conspecific pheromone. the sobral 2s population, however, would respond to the pheromone of jacobina males, but if given a choice showed a preference for conspecific extract. mate choice experiments are also described using sandflies of two pheromone types from sobral. one ...19671841255
intron retention in the drosophila melanogaster rieske iron sulphur protein gene generated a new protein.genomes can encode a variety of proteins with unrelated architectures and activities. it is known that protein-coding genes of de novo origin have significantly contributed to this diversity. however, the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary processes behind these originations are still poorly understood. here we show that the last 102 codons of a novel gene, noble, assembled directly from non-coding dna following an intronic deletion that induced alternative intron retention at the drosophila ...021610726
an assessment of the genetic diversity of leishmania infantum isolates from infected dogs in brazil.correlations between the genetic diversity of leishmania infantum (syn. l. chagasi) isolates and their respective geographic origins support the theoretic assumption that visceral leishmaniasis probably originated in the old world. because dogs are widely considered to be the main reservoir of this disease, the present study aimed to investigate the degree of genetic divergence among 44 leishmanial canine isolates from two brazilian cities, jequié and campo grande, located approximately 2,028 km ...022556077
an epidemic outbreak of canine cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia caused by leishmania braziliensis and leishmania panamensis.the largest recorded outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia's history occurred during 2005-2009 in soldiers of the colombian army, with ~40,000 cases. this outbreak was caused by the influx of military personnel into the jungle with the mission of combat illicit crops and the guerrilla. the soldiers remain for long periods within the rainforest and are exposed to the bite of infected sand flies. during the military activities, soldiers work with dogs specially trained to detect landmine ...022556078
acoustic communication in insect disease vectors.acoustic signalling has been extensively studied in insect species, which has led to a better understanding of sexual communication, sexual selection and modes of speciation. the significance of acoustic signals for a blood-sucking insect was first reported in the xix century by christopher johnston, studying the hearing organs of mosquitoes, but has received relatively little attention in other disease vectors until recently. acoustic signals are often associated with mating behaviour and sexua ...024473800
the biology and control of leishmaniasis vectors.vector control remains a key component of many anti-leishmaniasis programs and probably will remain so until an effective vaccine becomes available. technologies similar to those used for control of adult mosquitoes, specifically interior residual sprays and insecticide-treated nets, are currently at the forefront as disease control measures. this article provides a review of literature on the biology and control of sand fly vectors of leishmaniasis in the context of changing disease risks and t ...020606968
phlebotomine fauna (diptera: psychodidae) in an area of fishing tourism in central-western brazil.the aim of this study was to identify behavioral aspects of the sandfly fauna of a fishing tourism area in the municipality of bonito (ms). monthly captures were undertaken from december 2009 to november 2010, using automatic cdc type light traps, from 18h00 to 06h00, in a forested area, a savannah area, peridomiciles and animal shelters near peridomiciliary areas. nyssomyia whitmani was the most frequent out of a total of 6,699 specimens collected, belonging to 16 species, followed by psathyrom ...026200964
feeding preferences of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae), the sand fly vector, for leishmania infantum (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae).leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in brazil, is spread mostly by the bite of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva). we trapped sand flies in endemic neighborhoods near natal, brazil, where cases of human and dog vl were documented. amplification of species-specific cytochrome b (cyt b) genes by polymerase chain reaction revealed that sand flies from rural and periurban areas harbored blood from different sources. the most common source ofbloodmea ...024605474
experimental infection of phlebotomus perniciosus by bioluminescent leishmania infantum using murine model and artificial feeder.leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that is transmitted by sandflies and caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus leishmania. in the present study, we carried out a screening on the experimental infection of phlebotomus pernioucus by bioluminescent leishmania infantum using murine model and artificial feeder. we developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based method to determine individually the number of leishmania promastigotes fed by infected flies. among 1840 ...027439032
the phlebotomine fauna (diptera: psychodidae) of guaraí, state of tocantins, with an emphasis on the putative vectors of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural settlement and periurban areas.phlebotomine sandflies were captured in rural settlement and periurban areas of the municipality of guaraí in the state of tocantins (to), an endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl). forty-three phlebotomine species were identified, nine of which have already been recognised as acl vectors. eleven species were recorded for the first time in to. nyssomyia whitmani was the most abundant species, followed by evandromyia bourrouli, nyssomyia antunesi and psychodopygus complexus. the s ...023903972
evaluation of light-emitting diodes as attractant for sandflies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in northeastern brazil.hoover pugedo light traps were modified for use with green and blue-light-emitting diodes to trap phlebotomine sandflies in northeastern brazil. a total of 2,267 specimens belonging to eight genera and 15 species were sampled. the predominant species were nyssomyia whitmani(34.41%) and micropygomyia echinatopharynx(17.25%).the green led trap prevailed over the blue and control lights; however, no statistically significant difference could be detected among the three light sources. even without s ...026517661
ontology patterns for tabular representations of biomedical knowledge on neglected tropical diseases.ontology-like domain knowledge is frequently published in a tabular format embedded in scientific publications. we explore the re-use of such tabular content in the process of building ntdo, an ontology of neglected tropical diseases (ntds), where the representation of the interdependencies between hosts, pathogens and vectors plays a crucial role.021685092
abundance of lutzomyia longipalpis in urban households as risk factor of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis.urban occurrence of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is linked to households with characteristics conducive to the presence of sand flies. this study proposes an ad hoc classification of households according to the environmental characteristics of receptivity to phlebotominae and an entomological study to validate the proposal. here we describe the phlebotominae population found in intra- and peridomiciliary environments and analyse the spatiotemporal distribution of the vl vector lu ...027223866
when population and evolutionary genetics met behaviour.in this review, we analyse the impact of a population and evolutionary genetics approach on the study of insect behaviour. our attention is focused on the model organism drosophila melanogaster and several other insect species. in particular, we explore the relationship between rhythmic behaviours and the molecular evolution of clock and ion channel genes.024473805
establishment and characterization of an embryonic cell line from sarconesiopsis magellanica.sarconesiopsis magellanica (le guillou) (diptera: calliphoridae) is a necrophagous fly that is important in both human and veterinary medicines. this insect has been registered in colombia as a biological indicator in estimating post-mortem interval. insect cell cultures are an important biotechnological tool for basic and applied studies, and cell cultures derived from s. magellanica embryonic tissues are described in this study. s. magellanica embryonated eggs were taken for tissue explants. t ...024766352
identification of sandflies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) blood meals in an endemic leishmaniasis area in brazil.the aim of this study was to identify blood meals of female sandflies captured in the municipality of governador valadares, an endemic area of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the state of minas gerais, brazil. from may 2011 to january 2012, captures were performed using hp light traps in four districts. there were 2,614 specimens (2,090 males and 524 females) captured; 97 engorged females were identified belonging to the species lutzomyia longipalpis(82.1%) and lutzomyia cortelezzii(17. ...026422156
predicting the geographic distribution of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) and visceral leishmaniasis in the state of mato grosso do sul, brazil.to understand the geographic distribution of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in the state of mato grosso do sul (ms), brazil, both the climatic niches of lutzomyia longipalpis and vl cases were analysed. distributional data were obtained from 55 of the 79 counties of ms between 2003-2012. ecological niche models (enm) of lu. longipalpis and vl cases were produced using the maximum entropy algorithm based on eight climatic variables. lu. longipalpis showed a wide distribution in ms. the highest clima ...024402151
spatial and temporal changes in lutzomyia longipalpis abundance, a leishmania infantum vector in an urban area in northeastern argentina.this study aimed to analyse changes in the spatial distribution of lutzomyia longipalpis in posadas, an urban area located in northeastern argentina. data were obtained during the summer of 2007 and 2009 through two entomological surveys of peridomiciles distributed around the city. the abundance distribution pattern for 2009 was computed and compared with the previous pattern obtained in 2007, when the first human visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported in the city. vector abundance was also ...024271040
the sandfly fauna (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) of the parque estadual da serra da tiririca, rio de janeiro, brazil.cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in the state of rio de janeiro is sporadic and can be characterised as a peridomestic transmission that occurs in modified natural environments. the aim of this work was to study the fauna and ecological characteristics of sandflies in an environmentally protected area (the state park of serra da tiririca) within the remnants of the atlantic forest in the municipalities of niterói and maricá and their possible relationship with leishmaniasis. captures were performed ...024141956
effect of mouse antisera targeting the phlebotomus papatasi midgut chitinase ppchit1 on sandfly physiology and fitness.in sandflies, the absence of the peritrophic matrix (pm) affects the rate of blood digestion. also, the kinetics of pm secretion varies according to species. we previously characterised ppchit1, a midgut-specific chitinase secreted in phlebotomus papatasi (ppis) that is involved in the maturation of the pm and showed that antibodies against ppchit1 reduce the chitinolytic activity in the midgut of several sandfly species. here, sandflies were fed on red blood cells reconstituted with naïve or an ...025591111
spread of phlebotominae in temperate climates: province of córdoba, argentina.we report the presence of the competent vector for leishmania spp, migonemyia migonei, and the evandromyia cortelezzii-sallesi complex south of its known distribution in the central temperate region of argentina, in the province of córdoba. the persistence of this phlebotomine in the northern border of the province, its association with a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and the new record in the outskirts of the city of córdoba, the second most populated in the country, strengthens the need for ...026814647
incipient colonisation of lutzomyia longipalpis in the city of resistencia, province of chaco, argentina (2010-2012).lutzomyia longipalpis was recorded for the first time in argentina in 2004, in the province of formosa. in the following years, the vector spread to the south and west in the country and was recorded in the province of chaco in 2010. from november 2010-may 2012, captures of phlebotominae were made in the city of resistencia and its surroundings, to monitor the spread and possible colonisation of lu. longipalpis in the province of chaco. in this monitoring, lu. longipalpis was absent in urban sam ...025075787
kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors in the midgut of phlebotomus papatasi.sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) are important disease vectors of parasites of the genus leishmania, as well as bacteria and viruses. following studies of the midgut transcriptome of phlebotomus papatasi, the principal vector of leishmania major, two non-classical kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors were identified (ppkzl1 and ppkzl2). analyses of expression profiles indicated that ppkzl1 and ppkzl2 transcripts are both regulated by blood-feeding in the midgut of p. papatasi and are also exp ...024037187
surface polar lipids differ in male and female phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: psychodidae).the polar lipids on the surface of the old world sand fly, phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli), were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. blood-fed females and nonblood-fed females and males were separately analyzed and compared. the major polar lipids were found to be long-chain diols and fatty acids. relatively high levels of diacylglycerols were found in blood-fed females and in males. a wide variety of lipids were found at low levels, including esters, sterols, monoacylglycerols, and hy ...025814772
identifying vaccine targets for anti-leishmanial vaccine development.leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease spread by an arthropod vector. it remains a significant health problem with an incidence of 0.2–0.4 million visceral leishmaniasis and 0.7–1.2 million cutaneous leishmaniasis cases each year. there are limitations associated with the current therapeutic regimens for leishmaniasis and the fact that after recovery from infection the host becomes immune to subsequent infection therefore, these factors force the feasibility of a vaccine for leishmaniasis ...024606556
salivary apyrases of triatoma infestans are assembled into homo-oligomers.apyrase activity is present in the saliva of haematophagous arthropods. it is related to blood-feeding because of the apyrase ability to hydrolyse adp, a key component of platelet aggregation. five apyrases with apparent molecular masses of 88, 82, 79, 68 and 67 kda were identified in the saliva of the vector of chagas disease, triatoma infestans. the large size observed during purification of these enzymes suggested oligomerization. in the present study, we confirmed, using gel-filtration and a ...016542158
sand fly-leishmania interactions: long relationships are not necessarily easy.sand fly and leishmania are one of the best studied vector-parasite models. much is known about the development of these parasites within the sand fly, and how transmission to a suitable vertebrate host takes place. various molecules secreted by the vector assist the establishment of the infection in a vertebrate, and changes to the vector are promoted by the parasites in order to facilitate or enhance transmission. despite a generally accepted view that sand flies and leishmania are also one of ...024159365
the first record of lutzomyia longipalpis in the argentine northwest.in 2004, the urban presence of lutzomyia longipalpis was recorded for the first time in formosa province. in 2006, the first autochthonous case of human urban visceral leishmaniasis (vl) was recorded in misiones in the presence of the vector, along with some canine vl cases. after this first case, the vector began to spread primarily in northeast argentina. between 2008-2011, three human vl cases were reported in salta province, but the presence of lu. longipalpis was not recorded. captures of p ...024402160
first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in an urban area of rio de janeiro, brazil.american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania, and transmitted by sandflies. in the state of rio de janeiro, almost all of the cases of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) are caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, while cases of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) are caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi. the resurgence of autochthonous vl cases in rio de janeiro is related to the geographic expansion of the vector ...026603237
development of leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in its natural sandfly vector lutzomyia longipalpis.we analyzed the development of leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in its natural sandfly vector lutzomyia longipalpis. in addition, we compared sandfly infections initiated with axenic amastigotes or promastigotes. our data showed no important difference between lu. longipalpis infection rates resulting from either type of infections. furthermore, development of infection was equivalent in both cases. all promastigote forms were found inside the sandfly and, after blood digestion, most of ...022492144
genomic, rnaseq, and molecular modeling evidence suggests that the major allergen domain in insects evolved from a homodimeric origin.the major allergen domain (ma) is widely distributed in insects. the crystal structure of a single bla g 1 ma revealed a novel protein fold in which the fundamental structure was a duplex of two subsequences (monomers), which had diverged over time. this suggested that the evolutionary origin of the ma structure may have been a homodimer of this smaller subsequence. using publicly available genomic data, the distribution of the basic unit of this class of proteins was determined to better unders ...024253356
light-emitting diode technology improves insect trapping.in a climate of increased funding for vaccines, chemotherapy, and prevention of vector-borne diseases, fewer resources have been directed toward improving disease and vector surveillance. recently developed light-emitting diode (led) technology was applied to standard insect-vector traps to produce a more effective lighting system. this approach improved phlebotomine sand fly capture rates by 50%, and simultaneously reduced the energy consumption by 50-60%. the leds were incorporated into 2 ligh ...018666546
cloning and expression analysis of the bombyx mori α-amylase gene (amy) from the indigenous thai silkworm strain, nanglai.α-amylase is a common enzyme for hydrolyzing starch. in the silkworm, bombyx mori l. (lepidoptera: bombycidae), α-amylase is found in both digestive fluid and hemolymph. here, the complete genomic sequence of the amy gene encoding α-amylase from a local thai silkworm, the nanglai strain, was obtained. this gene was 7981 bp long with 9 exons. the full length amy cdna sequence was 1749 bp containing a 1503 bp open reading frame. the orf encoded 500 amino acid residues. the deduced protein showed 8 ...021529256
essential oil composition, antimicrobial and pharmacological activities of lippia sidoides cham. (verbenaceae) from são gonçalo do abaeté, minas gerais, brazil.lippia sidoides (verbenaceae) is used in brazilian folk medicine as an antiseptic, and it is usually applied topically on skin, mucous membranes, mouth, and throat, or used for vaginal washings.027867267
insights into the preservation of the homomorphic sex-determining chromosome of aedes aegypti from the discovery of a male-biased gene tightly linked to the m-locus.the preservation of a homomorphic sex-determining chromosome in some organisms without transformation into a heteromorphic sex chromosome is a long-standing enigma in evolutionary biology. a dominant sex-determining locus (or m-locus) in an undifferentiated homomorphic chromosome confers the male phenotype in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. genetic evidence suggests that the m-locus is in a nonrecombining region. however, the molecular nature of the m-locus has not been characterized. u ...024398378
countermeasure development for rift valley fever: deletion, modification or targeting of major virulence factor nss.rift valley fever (rvf) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease characterized by a high rate of abortion in ruminants, and febrile illness, hemorrhagic fever, retinitis and encephalitis in humans. rvf is caused by the rvf virus (rvfv), belonging to the genus phlebovirus of the family bunyaviridae. rvfv encodes a major virulence factor, nss, which is dispensable for viral replication, yet required for evasion of host innate immune responses. rvfv nss inhibits host gene upregulation at the transcript ...024910709
circadian clock of aedes aegypti: effects of blood-feeding, insemination and rna interference.mosquitoes are the culprits of some of the most important vector borne diseases. a species' potential as a vector is directly dependent on their pattern of behaviour, which is known to change according to the female's physiological status such as whether the female is virgin/mated and unfed/blood-fed. however, the molecular mechanism triggered by and/or responsible for such modulations in behaviour is poorly understood. clock genes are known to be responsible for the control of circadian behavio ...024473806
circadian rhythms in insect disease vectors.organisms from bacteria to humans have evolved under predictable daily environmental cycles owing to the earth's rotation. this strong selection pressure has generated endogenous circadian clocks that regulate many aspects of behaviour, physiology and metabolism, anticipating and synchronising internal time-keeping to changes in the cyclical environment. in haematophagous insect vectors the circadian clock coordinates feeding activity, which is important for the dynamics of pathogen transmission ...024473802
Refresh
firstprev
...111213
nextlast
Displaying items 1101 - 1200 of 1235